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NOTICE. 





* All pages missing from this volume are those of ApvervIsemENTs only, and a 


specimen of each advertisement published in the volume will be found in the issueZ 





Librarian. 


5144 b—500 





























a ao ae he be ioe a yoy ™ } 
FITCH SEWING machines. THE” ADVANCE. 
HE JOURNAL OF as: 


STIC APP LIANGE 5.3 ae 








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} Domestic 































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































=e SEWING” MACHINES = 





































































































































































































rz eux , AONVACY,, — 













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Vol. ir ae 284, JANUARY dst, 1894, ( 19. 7 ce Monthly, Price 
JONES’ HAND . i Fiakes Prettiest Stitch, hk hea 
MACHINE Silent, Simple, Light-running. 
= — 
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= @e ac S cupolted Sas PRINCESS OF WALES. 


LARGEST SALE iN THE WORLD_— SELLS EASILY—Yields most Profit to the Dea, ers, | 
BEST MACHINE FOR AGENTS AND SHIPPERS TO HANDLE. 


Factory: GUIDE BRIDGE, near MANCHESTER, 


SIMMONS & CO. 


* SS fe Wholesale and Export only. 






























N SIE 
uur 


(PROVISIONALLY PROTECTED.) 
1 Seat convertible into a Bed. 
2 Novel, useful, and beautiful Hood. 


tS ih LZ | / I WA es 
EVERY CARRIAGE PERFECT. PONS GEE NK 




















“A NTHOVIA ONIMAS geen pus 950945 





























PPOSperous Dew Year 


TO ALE. 








P To. Faoke sure ee a ” PReeeunoal | 
NEw YEAR, Dealers should handle 


|THE WHITE SEWING MACHINES | 
|) WUvrous Sara sIOOUS 


| SEWING MACHINES, 
|New Patent Tension, 


CANNOT BE EXCELLED 


Our Wincycles for ’94 also are 
greatly improved. 





joo 


- | Write for New Lists and Particulars of | 








Agency at once. 


| WHITE SEWING MACHINE.CO., 
| ee S. 





— JAN. I, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazeite, - 3 
————————————————————————————————————E—E——E——E—————————— 


FAFF SHUTTLE MACHINES, | 














made in two sizes, E and 

F, are specially adapted 
for MANUFACTURING POUR= =< 
POSES, for all kinds of plain | > 
work, for dressmakers, for [ 
linen, corset, hosiery, and 
boot Factories. 


HEADS ONLY, to be driven 
by power for Factory trade. 


SIMPLE, DURABLE, and 
LIGHT-RUNNING. 







































































































































































M anu f actur ed b y: : Pfaii ‘ Eoin Shuttle Sewing Machine. 


G. M. PFAFF, Kaiserslautern. 


SOLE IMPORTERS FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM : 


WILHELM & GO. 132, Wool Exchange; LONDON, EC. 
SPECIAL NOTICE—IMPORTANT TO THE TRADE. 


THE “BRANSTON” — 


i) @) o A, - . 
Tyo-hKheel sewing achive GO., 
LIMITED, 

Having completed their factory, and the Machinery for producing their 

new Patent Two-Reel Sewing Machine, which makes a PERFECT 

LOCK-STITCH, WORKING DIRECT FROM TWO ORDINARY REELS 

OF COTTON, DOING AWAY WITH ALL WINDING OF SPOOLS, invite 
Dealers and Users to inspect same at their Showrooms: 


59, Molborn Viaduct, London, E.C,. 


The Company are ready to appoint responsible Agents in each 
district for the sale of their Machines, and invite applications for 
agencies. Thisis agood opportunity for any Dealer to combat with 
the competition of the present day. 


HAND, FAMILY, AND MANUFACTURING MACHINES. 
| 


























The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN. 1, 1894, 


BIESOLT & LOCKE, }i!5i'\, SAXONY, 


emus | SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS. | “Sc! 


1869, 


NON-GENUINE WITHOUT 


AY 










TRADE MARK. 


The CINDERELLA 
+\ 4 





























































































































































































































































Perfected Automatic Hand and Treadle Sewing Machines for 




































































———— = 


























————— = = = ; Domestic and Trade use. 12 patentedimprovements, Working 

7 alos ; 7 parts finest tempered steel. Appearance superb. Undoubtedly 

B. & L. Machine, Lt. B. (high arm) for family use, with New the best Machine in the market. Silent, uniform, rapid, easy 
Shaped Stand, movement. 


SPECIALITY-SACGK-S EWING andthe ** NORNE”’ SACK CUTTING MACHINES, 


WHOLESALE AGENT— 


CG. ZSCHWINZSCHER, 102, Fenchurch Street, LONDON, E.C. 


AGENTS WANTED. 


G. H. WELLS & CO.,/BENSON, LEES, & CO. 








MANUFACTURERS, BRIDGE END RUBBER WORKS, 
151 & 153, BISHOP STREET SOUTH, BIRMINGHAM! nyu KINFIELD, near MANCHESTER: 
ESTABLISHED 1862. Makers of all kinds of Cycle Tyres, Cushions, and Solids, also 
eae Bassinette Tyres and Cement, which cannot be equalled at the price. 
WAMMOCKS (The “ Wonder.”’) WHOLESALE AGENTS— 
Lonpon : SCOTLAND ; | BELFAST ; 
Mounted f 20-inch Wheels, all lete. A | a ci 
eh eee Le ar The American ‘The Victoria B. Johnston & Co 
Wholesale Trade only 24s. each, or 22s. 6d. each for an A : 
order of twelve. Wringer Co., Manufacturing Co.) 
, York Street, 





ae ; 122, Southwark Str et,\ 78 to 82, Hanover St 
PARTICULARS and DRAWING ON APPLICATION. S-E.| Glasgow. Belfast. 








VELOCIPEDE, ROCKING, and SWING HORSES. 
TOY MAIL CARTS, PERAMBULATORS, AND LARGE STRONG TOYS. 





THE LARGEST ASSORTMENT NOW ON VIEW AT 


LLOWD & CO.’S, BORO’, LONDON, S.E. 


Send for New List of Goods suitable or the coming Season’s Trade. 


BRADBURY 


ay ESTABLISHED | 
Co LyM2'5 


~* 1852 ~ 





7 ; } THE“. 
«) ete OLDEST 
WELUNCTON ; EUROPEAN |. 
= WORKS: } EV daiky 
OLDHAM - é WS sae 














’  BRADBURY’S 


Jan. 1, 1894, _- and Sewing Machine Gazette 5 





NO COMPLICATED COGS, CAMS, OR ELABORATE 


MECHANISM. 
SIMPLICITY WITH EFFICIENCY. 
DURABILITY WITH SPEED. 

THE BEST FOR THE AGENT: 
THE BEST FOR THE MERCHANT. 
THE BEST FOR THE MANUFACTURER. 
THE BEST TERMS, 


THE BEST ADVERTISING MEDIA. 























AWARDED THE HIGHEST HONOURS AT ALL THE 


GREAT EXHIBITIONS. 


13 GOLD MEDALS SINCE 1879, 





BASSINETTES. 


} UR cabinet department being replete with the most recent machinery, we are able to manufacture Bassinettes in a more handsome, 
substantial, and better-finished manner than any other maker. They are all made of thoroughly seasoned timber, have the best 
fittings, rubber tyre bicycle wheels, springs, oil caps, &c., are well upholstered, and richly ornamented in various beautiful designs. 








BRADBURY’S NO. 82. 




















ys 
i 
o 
a= 
| 
fa 
1 
Landau body, same as the Nos, 30 and 31, but fitted on registered design 
(No. 205,507) Rocker springs which are fastened to C springs, and mounted on 
25 in1ubber tyre bicycle wheels. When the carriage is stationary a gentle 
' Fs 4 > " : abe *’ | rocking motion can be imparted to the body of carriage by the person in 
P registered design (No. 205,508) spiral springs, 25 in. rubber tyre bi- | charge of same, who has only to turn a thumb-serew. When desired the body 
cycle wheels, fitted with registered pattern China handle, well-cover, ce Peidetached (romithe > eprines aud can then ee Reape Thenbae na 
=| =k ae ees “4 ~ will r 5 easlly and as selessly as Ss. 
three loose cushions, str ENSE and reversible hood, w ith tw isted complications, no risks, no danger of upsetting, and the carriage runs as lightly 
brass joints. Every article used in the manufacture of this carriage | 93 an ordinary bassinette. It has the same fittings, and is upholstered in the 
is of the highest quality, and great attention is paid to the finish. | same style as the Nos. 30 and 31. 
J i; t ’ 
An assortment of the New Season’s Bassinettes now on view at 
7 
DARUDU aa aa aiaras 
Fa gz Catalogues Free on application to any of the Depots 





WON cas cag eee ee 


6 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN. 1,:1894 


A TIP WORTH KNOWING. 


HOW TO COMPETE WITH YOUR WEALTHY RIVALS 


Sell Harris's Unrivalled Defiance Lockstiteh 
SEWING MACHINE. 


Retails 45/- Complete. 


Guaranteed to sell quicker than any Machine in the market. 


THOUSANDS IN USE. PRAISED BY EVERYONE, 








Trade Terms and List of Testimonials post free. 





W .SJ. HARRIS & Co.,Lip. 
HAYMERLE ROAD, LONDON, SE. 


JAMES LLOYD & COMPANY. 














Patentees and Pe eNE 
Manufacturers : Goldendine 
every tli B odies 
OF IN GREAT VARIETY. 
BASSINETTES, 
ah CARTS Buyers will ue: i 
= ee well by placing 
Invalid Carriages, = Orders eariy. 





WorKsS-HURST STREET, | 


Mr W, F. KNIGHT, 8a, CITY ROAD. Birmingham. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


1894. 


Fffective 


I 


JAN. 


ing, 


§ A vert | 5 


p) 


“ Baby 
We are open to supply Pictorial Circulars to any Dealer, pr 


is 


h 


ing 
1,000 7/6 


int 


° 
5 


We also 


ines at the same rates 


tes for cash; 


ing ra 


at the follow 


name and address on same, 


3,000, 6/- per 1,000 


and 10,000, 4/9 per 1,000. 


publish a Pictorial Circular relating to Sewing Mach 


e 
3 





SEWELL & Co., 28, Paternoster Row, LONDON. 








Yosvingwwusd Y 
asn s300 OHM 


OY 40 Y3HLOW Y ONY 





Youwindwyyad Y 
3SN .O0N $300 OHM 
OG 40 Y3IHLOW Y NIIMLIO 


Yj LSWYLNOD 3HL 3.LON 


ie 


ae 


tue) 


1, 


“i? 


NS 
y 


Xs 
ip 


f 








Dace ris 


WK 


8: 


Aelap Noy [[e9 0} pasiape ose s19y30 


SSG 





ye N 


PIII III III OI OO DO OOO wy 


IN 








The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN, 1, 1894. 


the Celebrated “KNOCH” MACHINES 


CN THE 


WHITE SYSTEM (IMPROVED), 


MANUFACTURED BY 


RICHARD KNOCH, stl 


Lightest and easiest-running Shuttle 























































































































Machine. 


MADE IN THREE SIZES:— 
A, For Dressmaking. 
B. For Tailoring. 
C, For Family Use. 


Generally acknowledged to be of 
best class and finish, 

































































































































































































































































ELEGANT WOODWORK. LOW PRICES. 
SOLE WHOLESALE AGENT: 
Cc. LOMWLANRNIN, 36, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C. 


MISSING CATT G6 « w » THE MARVEL, 


Made in three Classes 
CLASS A. Papier-maché body, well 
painted and upholstered, wood 











hammock handles, wheels, 20in.x20in. | 


PRICE 24/- EACH. 


Or 22/6 each for an order of six. 


CASH WITH ORDER. 






















































































SEE THE 


KNOCK-OUT 


CARTETTE, 


Circular wicker body, bent shafts, 
21 in. wheels, 
8/- each or 7/6 each per dozen order. | 


FULL ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST on Application. 


GH. WELLS & GO. jpiocun nome fISHOP ST, BIRMINGHAM 






































Jan. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 9 













NEW HIGH ARM 


“SEWING MACHINES 


ron BOUDOIR, FAMILY USE, & MANUFACTURING Purposes. 
J 42 Are the BEST and MOST COMPLETE MACHINE in the Market, £9 
} } MAKE A PERFECT LOCKSTITCH. WILL SEW FROM THE 
y FINEST MUSLIN TO THE STOUTEST CLOTH. 
Are the mostSimple in Construction. The most Silentin Action. 
WOODWORK TASTEFULLY INLAID WITH MOSAIC. 


1 SEIDEL & NAUMANN 
23, MOOR LANE, LONDON, E.C. 


RELIABILITY! 
SUPERIOR FINISH! 
hum SU WARRANTED QUALITY! 
ss = LATEST PATTERNS! 
=e # SUPERIOR WORKMANSHIP! # 
ELEGANCE & LOW PRICE! 
COMPETITION DEFIED! 
INSPECTION INVITED! 







































—_—_ ZL NN fi FS E a A 
’ 1,600 Workmen. Yeariy Production: 5 j 1 

NAUMANN’S FACTORY—so\c00 sewing Machines, 10,000 Cycles, BUY NO Machine without the above Trade Mark. 

SEIDEL & NAUMANN’S CYCLES were Exhibited at the National Cycle Show, Crystal Palace, and gained the Highest Notice of all Cycle Papers. 

Wholesale Department :—Pianos, Musical Instruments, Musical Albums, Etc., Etc. 

ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST AND FULL PARTICULARS FREE ON APPLICATION. 


_DRES DES =| 

















i 


AGENTS WANTED. Special Terms to those 


doin i = 
ee o. saa atixe Purchase Trade. Write for List 





MANUFACTURED BY 
EARERY Ss. ROBERTS, 
% CYCLE *# WORKS, + 
DEANSHANGER, STONY STRATFORD, BUCKS. 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN, 1, 1894. 


‘LEON L’HOLLIER. 


4,5, 6, 7, 8, BATH PASSAGE, 
BIRMINGHAM, 


Has great pleasure in informing you that his NEW ILLUSTRATED 
LIST for 1894 is now ready, and will be sent FREE upon application. 
; ~. It is a List of 96 pages, 
the most complete the 
Trade has ever seen, 
and full of all the recent 
Inventions. 
&. It also includes 33 
) Fem, Designs of the 
RENOWNED HAMMOCK 

(Patent No. S56). 
This is the same Ham- 
mock Patent that has 
caused such a_ sensation 
in the Pram Trade, and 
which was reinstated by — 
Act of Parliament in June, 
1892, 

L. L’7HOLLIER is most 
happy to state that he has 
concluded a special ar- 
rangement with the Paten- 
tees of this valuable Patent, 
by which he has acquired 
the right (under a License) 
to make and sell this popu- 
lar article for the remain- 
ing term of the Patent. 

> Infringements of this 
Patent have taken place, 
with the result that the 
infringing Firms have been, 
and are being, called to 
account, 

L. LHOLLIER therefore 
cautions his numerous 
Friends and SGustomers 
that in future this Ham- 
mock can only be obtained 
from himself or from the 
Patentees. 























































































































































































































eR; . 


Jan. 1, 1894 


CONSIDERABLY OVER 


1,000 


OF THESE 


LAN DAUS 
WERE SOLD LAST SEASON. 


We have now made several improve- 
ments and GUARANTEE EVERY 
ONE to give satisfaction. 


SEND FOR OUR 1893 CATALOGUE. 





WE DEFY COMPETITION, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


Ir 








The HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR Co., Ltd., Halesowen, nr. Birmingham 


BEST HOUSE FOR PERAMS., MAIL CARTS, INVALID CARRIAGES, WOOD COAL VASES, ROCKING HORSES, dc., éc. 


TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE. 







nate Seg 
RAR Ss 

Aas BEN 

JANSO losd 


G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 


ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, 


Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 





KING'S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 18, 
Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 
terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 


Silver Watches, &c , &c. 
£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.” —76, Hounds- 
ditch, London, or Birmingham. 
el 
THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Macnine, at last, 
which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement in this page). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 





JBXLTS! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 
lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Marvie’s, 10, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 


oeebe OILS Burning and Lubricating, Loose or 
Bottled. Knitting Machine, Wringer, and Pram Oils. All 
kinds of Machinery Oils.—Lady Bridge Oil Works, Spring Street, 
Bull. 


aie —————e 
SEWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 

first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 


Glasgow. 
SS 
(EN CEeS ute the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 
pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 


your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 
wanted everywhere,—78 t) 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 


Street, Glasgow. 





SAMPLES, etc., Post Free. 
INGERS’ Medium and Family, 2s. per gross, other 


makes cheap.—S. Cox & Co., Alcester, 





T° MANUFACTURERS.—Wanted, Sole Agency 

(or arrangement to open Branch Depot) for saleable Machines ; 
also for useiul saleable Novelties and necessities suitable for Machine 
Shop.—Repairer, care of Sewung Machine Gazette. 





BELLIS Round, Flat, Square, or Angular. Round, 
assorted lengths, 44 to 48in., 14s. ; §4 to 57 in, 16s. per gross. 

Other lengths (up to 200 ft.) equally cheap. ell made from English 

leather only.—J. W. Cable & Co., 35. Clerkenwell Road, London. 





IL (‘Alca” refined Sewing Machine), warranted not 
to clog; 4 0z., 153, 6d. per gross. Attractively put up.—J. W. 
Cable & Co., 35, Clerkenwell Road, London. 





NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 
Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W. 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 





WANTED, one or two good CANVASSERS to sell 
our Mangles, Wringers, &c., on Easy Terms. Good Commissions 
to good men.—Apply, Crouch End Domestic Machinery Stores, and 
Cycle Depot, 39, Crouch End Hill, N. T. Arnold, Manag=r. 





Gooey BUSINESS PREMISES for Sale. Freehold 
to-room House, with Warehouses, Musical Instruments, and 
Domestic Machinery, at 8, St. Andrew Street, Hertford, Herts.— 
Apply to Manager, 8, St. Andrew Street, Hertford. 


AN ENERGETIC MANAGER ‘seeks a RE: 
ENGAGEMENT, in the Sewing Machine ani Domestic 
Appliance Trade. Thoroughly up to the Hire Business. West of 
England preferred.—Address, 5. C., Sewing Machine Gazette, 





12 : The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JAN. 1, 1894. 





THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or rs per quarter, post free, which includes 
2 free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—es. 6d. per annum, or gd per quarter, post free. 





Aduertisements.—Taniffon Application. 
notified bythe twenty fifth of each month. 

Contributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information —We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c, All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply 


All changes in Advertisements to be 


Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information, 
In Writing to Us Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
‘‘ Editor,” at the address given below. 
Uine Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders, 
Particulars on application 
List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
jst of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers, 
E Non-subscribers —Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
0 subscribe ? ; 
Local Papers.— Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers “henever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful Would @// our readers do likewise? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C 




















As our readers will remember, at the 
expressed desire of the trade the editor 
; of this Journal last January arranged 
an exhibition of sewing machines, perambulators, &c., 
which was held at the Crystal Palace contemporaneously 
with the National Cycle Show. The agreement then entered 


An 
Explanation. 


into with the Palace Company precluded both parties | 


from holding or being interested in a similar exhibition 
during a perzod of twelve months. 


Last autumn nearly all the exhibitors at the last show | 


expressed a desire for a second exhibition, and the secre- 


tary (Mr. Sewell) accordingly asked the Palace Company 


if space was available as formerly. He was then told 
that the gallery, the /oca/e of the last exhibition, had 
been taken by the cycle show people. 
course, that a second sewing machine show could not be 
ar-anged, and the trade were duly informed of the fact. 
Much dissatisfaction was expressed at the news, and 
several firms asked Mr. Sewell if they could not exhibit 
in’ the cycle section, but were told that this was not 
possible having regard to his agreement with the Palace 
Company. 

To the intense surprise of these firms, and Mr. Sewell 
in particular, when the National Show opened it was 
found that not only was the gallery absolutely unused, 
but in the cycle section was an exhibit of sewing machines 


by a leading manufacturer. There was every appearance of | 
deception on the part of Mr. Sewell, and he immediately :| 


wrote the Palace Company foranexplanation, and this was 
immediately supplied to the effect that the exhibits were 
“ special machines used for sewing tyres, saddles, &c., in 
connection with cycling.” Obviously, this reply was 
unsatisfactory, and so Mr. Sewell told the Crystal Palace 


sewing machines could have similarly justified application 
for space. 

We desire to take this opportunity of explaining to the 
trade that ifthere has been any “selling” in the affair it 
has not been on the part of the editor of this Journal. 

We skall not dwell further on this unsatisfactory busi- 


ness, except to say that any of the trade are welcome to | 


read the correspondence which has passed thereon. 

Sev-ral of our friends have asked us: (1) Why the 
National Show organisers engaged the gallery when they 
knew that they should not require it ; (2) Why did they 
break their rule as to not accepting as eligible any exhibi- 
tors who had stands at the ‘‘Stanley”’ in order to admit 
a sewing machine exhibit ? 


We give it up ; but their conduct does not strike us as | 


particularly friendly or discreet. It is a showman’s 
duty to attract, and it is not open to doubt that the 
course adopted was not calculated to increase, but to 
diminish, the attendance of the dealers in whose interest 
the exhibition was supposed to be held; — 





This meant, of | 





Under this title /vonmongery joins 
issue with us in our remarks as to 
the tendency of trade in sewing 
machines. It will be remembered that we stated ina 
recent number that ironmongers and drapers sell less of 
these goods to-day than formerly. Our juvenile con- 
temporary must remember that this Journal has for twenty 
years chronicled the movements of the sewing machine 
trade and must reasonably Fe supposed to know more on 
the subject than an “outsider ’’—we use this term in no 
unfriendly spirit. Further, we have specially collected 
statistics and data with a view to writing a series of 
articles on this subject. It is idle for lvunmongery to 
talk of ‘‘the wish being father to the thought” in our 
statement as to the course of the trade. We were not 
prophesying but recording accomplished facts ; unpalat- 
able though they may be to our contemporary. We 
advise our ill-informed critic to have five minutes talk 
with an old sewing machine traveller and get posted on 
the annals of the trade, and it might also have a few 
words with an ‘‘instalment-plan dealer.’ Knowledge on 
these subjects requires getting and well digesting before 
useful leaders can be written thereon. 


“A Queer 
Combination.”’ 


























The Story of the Sewing Machine. 
WITH REMINISCENCES, PERSONAL AND GENERAL. 
By NEWTON WILSON. 


CHAPTER XX. 
1866,—THE YEAR OF BLACK FRIDAY. 


The annals of commerce and finance will ever record 
this year and the day we have named as one of the most 
notable periods of history. On that disastrous Friday, 
when the great financial house of Overend, Gurney & Co. 
crumbled into hopeless ruin, there was brought down in 
its collapse nearly all the weaker banks in London; 
leaving the hapless shareholders overwhelmed in one 
common and gigantic disaster. Not a banker or a 
merchant then and now alive can ever forget the vviid 
memories of that fatal day. 

But what has that to do with our story ? Chiefly 
nothing, for the sewing machine trade was unaffected 
bythe financial crash, and it is referred to here only to 
furnish a chronological association with the important 
events which occurred in that same year in connection 
with the history of the sewing machine. These were 
three, every one of which marks an epoch in our story. 

The first of these was the introduction into the market 
of hand sewing machines as such; the second, the ex- 
piration of the parent patents; and the third, the 
application and the registration of trade marks. We will 
treat of them in their order. 

Up to this year, 1856, though the want of something 
of the kind had long been felt, yet no serious attempt 


¢ | had been made to dispense with the pedal movement, 
Company, adding that every would-be exhibitor of | 


which had been regarded by manufacturers as essential 
to the freedom of the hands and the satisfactory manipu- 
lation of the machine. 

A somewhat crude attempt, and certainly a costly one, 
had been made by the Grover & Baker Company several 
years before by fixing the head of the machine, with a 
slight modification, into a kind of workbox, This gave a 
little additional portability but no diminution in cost, as 
these were retailed at £12 12s. and £14 14s. according 
to the size. Something more and very different was 
wanted than this—a small light running machine that 
could beclamped to the table, which could be carried to 
the operator without having the operator transferred to 
it. This was the article for which a welcome was wait- 
ing. It appeared almest simultaneously in two or 
three forms, The “ Judkins” machine, which possessed 
most of these features and worked with a reciprocating 
hook below the bed-plate, and produced the chain-stitch, 
came out at this time and had a limited sale for some 
years. Very similar in size, form, and action was the 


, © Raymond” machine built in Canada, and introduced into 


Jan. 1, 1894, 


this country by Mr. James Galloway Weir, who sold it 
under his own name as the “ Weir” machine. This 
was an exceedingly well-made little thing, and getting 
introduced to one or two of the aristocracy, who con- 
sidered it quite sufficient for the use of their maids, it 
spread, particularly among ladies of rank, to a perfectly 
astonishing degree. 
The business of Mr. Weir was conducted under a veil 
of something like secrecy, commencing with a small 
office in Featherstone Buildings, High Holborn, after- 
wards removing to premises very little more commodius 
in Carlisle Street, Soho Square. Here it was maintained 
for many years with great success, sufficiently so at least 
to enable Mr. Weir to retire some years ago with a 
fortune estimated at £60,000. He was in it long enough 
to witness its rise, its culmination, and its decline ; for 
like many other machines it passed through all those 
stages, and when he retired the machines had become 
utterly unsaleable. He was almost the only Englishman 
(and he was a Scotchman) who was able permanently to 


retire on a fortune. Instead of wasting the profits already 


made, like so many unfortunately have done in vain 
attempts to resuscitate a falling business, he withdrew 
from the trade and its conflicts, and devoted his energies 
to the public service. In the second Connty Council 
election of March, 1892, he was returned as one of the 
representatives for East Islington, and at the General 
Election the July following he was returned to Parliament 
as member for the Ross and Cromartie division in the 
Gladstonian interest. He has been well known since 
as one of the most inveterate and pertinacious questioners 
in the House of Commons, where, let us hope, he will long 
continue to render good service to his tountry. 

The third variety was patented on the 14th of February, 
1866, by myself. This machine was the result of very 
considerable study. It was much more important than 
the others described. Resting its four feet on circular 
rubber cushions, it would stand on a table and remain 
firm without any clamping. It, too, produced the chain- 
stitch, but employed for the purpose a rotating hook on 
the Wilcox & Gibbs’ principle. 

The first form of it was called the ‘‘Queen Mab,” and 
this produced but two stitches to each revolution of the 
driving wheel ; but ina second form a novel mode of 
driving was introduced. Inside the rim of the driving 
wheel was cast another of inverted teeth. A soft, com- 
pound white metal was introduced for the purpose, and 
this gearing, embracing in its circumference two small 
pinion wheels on the upper and lower shafts of the 
machine, gave it a rapid and noiseless motion. It was 
double the speed that had been attained before, giving 
four stitches to each revolution of the driving wheel. 
This constituted an immense improvement on anything 
that had gone before, and it immediately became a great 
success. So long as the chain-stitch was favourably 
regarded by the public, it held the field unrivalled. To it 
was given the name of * Cleopatra. $3 

Ts is said that only good things are imitated, and that 
as regards machinery may be taken as absolutely true. 
Tt was again and again infringed, both at home and 
abroad ; but involving legal proceedings, as these infringe- 
ments did, it was soon found to be more economical to 
accept of licenses at a reasonable charge than to contest, 
with very doubtful results, the validity of the patent. 

‘When the patent was approaching expiration in the 
year 1880, the licensees themselves requested me to 
apply for an extension, but I felt that there was little 
chance of such extension being granted having regard 
to the conditions imposed by the Patent Law. No 
application was therefore made. 

‘An invention that is really valuable does not expire 
with the currency of the patent. So it was in this case. 
"The patent expired, there was a liberal rush, especially of 
foreign makers, to apply it to their own purposes, and. 
this resulted in so keen_a competition as rapidly to pro- 
duce suicidal effects. To-day it is used by the manu 
facturers of the Rhinannia and the Brunnia, besides 
nearly all forms of chain-stitch hand machines. It will 
probably continue to be used long after the name of the 
inventor has.ceased to be associated with it. 

T have said that the year 1866 was notable for the 
tion of those parent patterns which were taken out 


eens These were specially the Wheeler & Wilson 


-in 1852. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 13 


patents and the Grover & Baker (or Judkins) patent. 
At this time the Wheeler & Wilson had acquired a very 
large sale, and English manufacturers ‘“up to date’ hid 
made ample preparations for the issue in the market of 
their own copies of this now celebrated machine. 

As might also have been anticipated, the expiry of the 
patent was accompanied by a considerable diminution in 
prices, quite apart from the competition which instantly 
arose. So it came to pass that there was quite a boom 
in this particular class of machine, which lasted for 
several years, until the new ‘‘ Family Singer,” gradually 
creeping up in public estimation, passed it in the race. 

Some defensive measures were clearly needed on the 
part of the old companies to protect themselves from the 
inroads of what they regarded as the Goths and Vandals 
of the trade ; and so it came about that trade marks, 
which had never till then been thought of in such 
connection, were introduced and applied to sewing 
machines. In the Howe and th: Wheeler & Wilson 
these took the form of a circular brass-plate, while in the 
“Singer ” and other machines of that type an oval plate 
was attached to the arm facing the operator. 

The registration of these trade marks was absurdly 
primitive; no arrangement at that time existed in 
connection with the Patent Office for that purpose. 

The modus operandi was as follows :—The particulars 
Were drawn out on a form, which was supplied at 
Stationers’ Hall, where the copyrigats of all books were 
registered. I was in advance of the firms already 
named, and was probably the first to register a trade 
mark. Filling up at Stationers’ Court the furnished 
form, I found that I proclaimed myself the author of a 
book entitled the “ Prince of Wales’ Plume” with the 
motto, “Ich dien” ([serve) on ascroll attached. A very 
appropriate and pretty design for a sewing macuine ! Such 
application or designs as trade marks are not now per 
missible by law. The last Pattern and Designs Act ex- 
pressly forbids the use of anything connected with the 
Royal Arms as trade marks. This did not exclude the 
use of existing trade marks, but prohibited all fresh regis- 
tration of such marks, and hence such a mark as that 
described can no longer be applied to any design or 
manufacture whatever. 

It would be interesting to examine for a moment the 
trade marks of the two leading companies, the Wheeler 
and Wilson and the ‘Singer.’ In both cases the full 
designation of the company figures prominently on the 
plate in a circular or ovalscroll, as the case might be, and 
enclosing an emblematical design. 

In the case of the ‘‘ Singer” this design consisted in a 
copy of their shuttle with needles, and intersected by a 
line of thread in the form of the letter “ S.” 

At this time, and for nearly 2» years succeeding, there 
was also applied to the top of the arm in old English 
type the full name of the company, and it will be 
tolerably evident to the observer, that the words 
“ Singer” or Wheeler and Wilson which had already 
come to be regarded as descriptive terms and used as 
such were not considered £7 se at constituting any essen- 
tial part of their trade mark. The trade marks themselves, 
in my belief, have never been the subject of imitation 
either here or in foreign countries ; and it was only some 
years after, when the trade mark was found to be abso 
lutely unavailing in checking the many reproductions o 
the machine, that the idea was suggested of claiming 
these names as essential parts of the trade mark, and it 
was this idea that gave rise to the series of litigation which 
was initiated a few years later, and which have continued 
to vex the trade and disturb its peace for the last 25 years. 

The history of thes various suits, lengthy as it neces- 
sarily is, is still essential to the general completeness of the 
story. For this we must refer the reader to the future 


chapters. 
(Zo be continued) 








We have received from the Singer Company’s ‘‘ Central Office for 
London District,” a handsome Christmas card, which conveys the 
astounding information that! the Company's customers in the metro- 
politan district now number forty thousand (40,000), and that the 
persons employed in the same area exceed one thousand (1,000). The 
enormous progress made by this Company during the past few years is 
graphically shown in the statement that whereas four years ago 258 
employes only were required, at the present date four times that 


number are necessary. 


14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


A LETTER FROM MR. LOOG. 
TO THE EDITOR OF THE “SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.” 

Dear Sir,—I have been away, and on my return my 
attention is called to one or two somewhat personal 

references to myself in your columns, in response to which 
I trust to your sense of fair play to allow mea little space 
for a reply. 

You reflect, with peculiar logic, on the personal position 
of the late manager of the Singer.Company, who, at the 
conclusion of their action against me, retired to enjoy a 
well-earned repose from business cares; and you go on 
pointing to me, who, although I had won the legal battle, 
had remained a poor man, and, I suppose, with a view of 
pointing toa moral and adorning a tale, you then claim 
the attention of the younger members of the sewing 
machine industry to draw a lesson from this contrast. 

Surely, Mr. Editor, it cannot be your idea to impress 
upon these younger members of the sewing machine trade 
that they had better make up their minds to submit to 
any demands the Singer Company may make, rightly or 
wrongly? It is unfortunately not to be denied that 
going to law is about the very worst thing a man 
can do; but, same as in my case, this is easier said 
than prevented. J was made the defendant in an 
action begun against me by this powerful company, 
and it was Hobson's choice for me to either submit to an 
unjust judgment against me or defend the action. From 
a pecuniary point of view, I would certainly have done 
much better to submit to a wrong ; but then the wrong 
was not only one against myself, it was a wrong against 
the whole English sewing machine industry in general, 
and, as a wholesale dealer, it was my duty to think of 
numerous trade customers in particular. 

Twenty years ago, when you, Mr. Editor, must have 
been a very young man, and long before you had any 
connection with the sewing machine trade, there existed 
in England an association called The British Sewing 
Machine Association, of which eyery single British 
manufacturer, and certainly most of the large English 
dealers, were members. If ever a whole trade was 
properly represented it was certainly the case here, and 
therefore an opinion from such a representative and 
powerful body is, I suppose you will admit, worth 
having. And thisis what this British Association wrote 
to me on December 17th, 1878 :— 

“We have received your letter enclosing statement of 
claim and defence in the case Singer 7. Loog ; our com- 
mittee went through both very carefully, it considers 
the defence a good one, and worthy of the general 
testimony and support of the trade.” 

This letter was followed up by an invitation to meet 
the Association at the Imperial Hotel, Holborn, which I 
did, and there I found nearly every English manufacturer 
and many large dealers ; one and all encouraging me to 
defend to the utmost,'with the action, the interests of the 
British sewing machine trade. At the end of the 
meeting old George Bradbury, in the chair, informed me 
in the presence and in the hearing of all the many 
members present that the Association had unanimously 
resolved not only to support me with their testimony, 
but also to present me at the end of the struggle with a 
well-filled purse, as an acknowledgment of the great 
services I was then admittedly rendering to the trade. 

Well, Mr. Editor, the purse has been coming a long 
time, but it has not come yet ; probably because some 
time before I had finally finished with this monstrous 
attempt on the part of the Singer Company to stifle 
competition the Association was dissolved ; indeed, it is 
only a few weeks ago that I met one of the largest dealers 
in sewing machines, who then was the treasurer of the 
British Association, and I reminded him of the old 
promise about the purse, and it was a consolation to me 
(though a poor one) to hear him say, “I have to admit, 
Mr. Loog, we did not treat you very well.” 

Now it naturally struck me as odd to hear you, as 
editor of a trade paper, the only representative organ of 
the trade, point to my poverty—and hence, and hence 
only, my reference to past facts, which may be forgotten, 
but which cannot be removed. It is sometimes the case 
that the sons are wiser than their tathers, or at any rate 
think so; still, if some of the younger members of the trade 
will consult some of the old ’uns, they will probably be 
surprised to be told that a good many amongst them 


JAN, 1, 1894. 


would probably be to-day, what they were then, namely, 
the humble servants of the monopolists, but for the 
salutary lesson which it was both my honour and my 
misfortune to be compelled to inflict upon the latter. 

Do not think the non receipt of the purse alluded to 
makes me very unhappy, and I would not have even 
alluded to it, but for your reference to my pecuniary 
position, which, with the recollection of what I said 
above, struck me as coming with questionable taste from 
the only representative of the British sewing machine 
trade. There is nothing in my position I have to be 
ashamed of, nor is the non-receipt of the wonderful purse 
referred to responsible for it, because as you are well 
aware, it was the conduct of the German manufacturers, 
whose trade I established, which has to explain my 
position as referred to by you. I refer tothe Frister and 
Rossmann Company, through whose conduct I lost not 
only £20,000 hard cash, but also my business for a time ; 
—I say for a time, because I still rely on the support of 
my old customers and friends, and know I shall have it. 

It is a consolation to me (again a poor one) to be able 
to put on record that since these shameful proceedings 
against me, they have gone from bad to worse—I will 
furnish you with their original balance-sheets, and the 
figures therein will give to your readers interesting 
subjects for your February number—suffice it for the 
moment to say that, although it is only four years ago, 
failing to screw out of taeir poor shareholders more 
money to bolster up an unpaying concern, they called in 
their shares to be cancelled, and re-issued converted 
shares in the proportion of 4 to 1; in other words, they 
paid their unfortunate shareholders 5s. in the pound, not 
in cash, but oz paper; and now, only last month, they 
repeated this creditable operation in an improved 
manner, this.time in the proportion of 6 to 1. So that 
the holder of a £1 share in this model concern, a few 
years ago, is now the holder of a “converted” share of 
the nominal value of Zen Pence Sterling, and my 
advice to them is that if they can get anyone to give 
them an honest “ Three-penny bit” for them, to jump 
at the offer, because I can see in the distance and not 
very far off either, a clique of debenture holders, who, I 
know it to my cost, are possessed of a large movth (in 
contrast to their brain, which at best, as I found it, is not 
much developed), a mouth which a ‘“‘tenpenny 
share” seems hardly good enough to close upon, so they 
only wait fora more convenient moment and a more 
profitable bite. 

And now in conclusion, so as not to pass altogether over 
your lengthy comments on the merits of the Singer strife, 
allow me to say that I altogether disagree with you. 
Your whole arguments and comments are personal 
opinions of your own, to which you are fully entitled ; on 
the other hand, I am quite sure as an independent trade 
paper you will not close your columns against contrary 
views, which are, to say the least of it, equally sincere as 
your own. 

Having made up my mind to push business with all the 
vigour as of old, I look forward to the pleasure of giving 
you occasionally some good hard honest knocks, where 
we differ on trade questions, and I sincerely hope my so 
doing will not prevent our meeting personally in perfect 
harmony.—Believe me, yours faithfully, ; 

HERMANN Looe. 

85, Finsbury Pavement, London, December, 1893. 


RE THE SEWING MACHINES CO. OF INDIA. 
TO THE EDITOR OF THE ‘“‘ SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.” 
Sir,—Our attention has been drawn to a paragraph 

which has appeared in your esteemed journal of October 

last concerning our business. We have reasons to believe 
that the paragraph under question is the outcome of false 
information maliciously conveyed to you by some of our 
competitors in order to injure us. The material contents 
of the paragraph are unwarranted by facts and are most 
misleading, and we request that in strict and fair justice 
to us and our business interests, you will be good enough 
to insert this letter in the next issue of your journal, so 
that the broad facts of the matter, as they stand, may 
be brought to the notice of those concerned in the 

sewing machines trade. . 

The Sewing Machines Company, Limited, as origi- 
nally incorporated on 10th August, 1892, had taken up 


Jan. 1, 1894. . 


the business of a well-known merchant, Mr. Rustomji, 
N. Rustomji, at Colombo, Bombay, Secunderabad, and 
Karachi, and had started under fairly good auspices, and 
with considerable prospects before it, 99 shares of the 
value of 50 rupees each having been subscribed, in addition 
to 260 fully-paid-up shares which were agreed upon to be 
allotted to Mr. Rustomji N. Rustomji, for stock, &c., 
taken over from him. The attention of the agents was 
drawn by the Solicitors of the Company, appointed 
by the Directors subsequent to the registration of 
the Company, to certain legal flaws in the formal 
registration of the Company. They were further 
advised to get the Memorandum and Articles of Associa- 
tion of the Company amended in respect of certain impor- 
tant clauses on no other but purely technical and legal 
grounds. Under the circumstances, it was resolved to 
re-construct the Company, anda number of applications 
for shares in the Company had necessarily to be refused. 
The whole matter of re-construction was settled through 
the Company’s Solicitors in consultation with Mr. Mac- 
pherson, an eminent local counsel, and the Company was 
re-constructed under the same name as before. It took up 
the going business of the old Company, as a matter of 
course, and was registered on the 14th February, 18¢3. 

Since the registration of the re-constructed Company, 
two more branches of the Company’s business centres have 
been opened at Poona and Lahore, and there are now 
altogether five branch offices of the Company, besides the 
Head Office at Bombay, carrying on a fairly lucrative 
trade in sewing machines. 

Finally we have pleasure in stating that shares of the 
aggregate value of nearly 19,000 rupees have been already 
subscribed, of which 18,000 rupees are paid-up, and more 
applications for shares are gradually coming in.—We 
remain, Sir, yours faithfully, for the Sewing Machines 
Company, Limited, 

R. N. Rusromjr AND Co. 
(Agents). 
Bombay, 17th Nov., 1893. 








THE STORY OF THE SEWING MACHINE G* 


Mr. Newton Wilson continues his serial in our present 
number, although few persons know the agony he suffers 
through his incurable complaint and his frequent near- 
ness to death. Our readers will recognise, however, that 
he is doing the trade a lasting service by recording its 
history, and we sincerely hope that he may live to com- 
plete his task. It is unnecessary for us to state that no 
man living cther than Mr. Wilson could have written 
the “story,” simply because no one else has had his 
experience. = ; 

Mr. Wilson is particularly anxious to be accurate in 
every detail, also complete in all matters of importance. 
He wishes us to state that should any reader find the 
slightest error in his articles, he will consider it a special 
favour to be notified of the same. He is now no longer 
commercially interested in the trade, and has, therefore, 
only one-object to serve, viz., to act as the honest, just, 
and fearless historian of the trade. Not only will he be 
grateful for corrections where necessary, but he invites 
criticism from any quarter whatsoever. 





sii 


Cn 
WU 


Messrs. J. Malcolm & Co., of Bayham Street, N.W., have applied for 
a patent for a new action for American organs, which can be more 
readily removed from the case for purposes of repair. 
* * 


One of the latest and most novel designs in pianos is that of Messrs. 
Sandon & Steedman, of 14, Charlton Street, N.W., the wood being 
lacquered and decorated in the Japanese style. 

* * 


The well-known Bell Organ and Piano Company, of 95, New Bond 
Street, W., are introducing a new model in organs called the “ Boudoir.’ 
The cise is fitted with a number of bevelled mirrors, and is exceedingly 


handsome. 
* * 


The Kimball & Morton organs can now be had wholesale from 
Mr. R. M. Marples, of 7, Cripplegate Buildings, Fore Street, E.C., who 
keeps in stock a full range for the convenience of dealers. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette, 15 


A change has taken place in the constitution of that well-known 
small goods firm, Haynes, Foucher, & Co., Lim., Gray's Inn Road. 
Mr. Foucher has retired, and is now trading on his own account at 
54, Mortimer Street, W. Herehe will be able to supply stringed and 
wind instruments and accessories promptly and at moderate prices, 

* * 
* 

Messrs. John Gough & Co., of 20, Cross Street, Swan Street, 
Manchester, have sent us a copy of their new catalogue of pianos and 
organs. It contains illustrations of a variety of instruments to suit all 
classes of trade. This firm deals exclusively wholesale, and are agents 
for a number of first-class makes of both organs and pianos. 

* * 


* 

We have recently tested the ‘‘ Clarion Pianoforte Attachment,” the 
joint patent of Messrs. Mann and Dawkins, the former a Colchester piano 
dealer, and the latter connected with the well-known small goods firm, 
Thomas Dawkins & Co., 17, Charterhouse Street, E.C. The object of 
this invention is to convert an upright piano into a reed instrument 
without interfering with its qualities as a piano. The inventors 
succeed in their purpose by such ingenious means that the attachment 
can be applied to any existing cottage piano without structural 
alterations. The tone produced partakes somewhat of the nature of a 
clarionet or flute, and is most pleasing. The invention can be 
described as follows :—A sound board, enclosed in a box containing the 
reeds and the pallet action is placed inside the piano, either on the top 
of the damper rail or upon supports above the same, and is connected 
with the back part of the keys inside the instrument. A vertical 
bellows, consisting of a feeder, is placed inside the lower part of the 
instrument in front of the strings, and the wind is conveyed by a tube 
of India rubber. A neat movable pedal, placed in front of the instru- 
ment, is used to work the bellows, and all that is necessary to start the 
playing is to operate the bellows by means of the foot, and the keys in 
the usual way, and both the piano and reed instrument are then heard 
with striking effects, 










































THE §. AND F. “ HAMMOCK” PATENT. 


As our readers well know, Messrs. Simpson and 
Fawcett are now in full possession of their patent rights 
as regards their ‘‘ Hammock ” carriage. This position has 
been attained at such heavy cost that they intend, we 
hear, to leave no stone unturned to reap the full benefit 
of their ingenuity. This accounts for the fact that they 
are now proceeding very energetically to stop all in- 
fringers, and that several firms have already paid damages 
for infringement. 

It is well, therefore, that both manufacturers and 
dealers thoroughly understand that carriages can only be 
made according to this patent by the original patentees, 
and by Mr. Leon L’Hollier, of Bath Passage, Birmingham, 
who holds a special licence to manufacture. 

Mr. L’Hollier has got out for the coming season no less 
than 33 new designs on the Hammock method of sus- 
pension, one of which we show herewith, and two others 


appear on anothe~ nage. 


16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





JAN. 1, 1894 


| A BRADBURY SOCIAL GATHERING. 




























































































Mr. J. H. Wiber, late of Forest Gate, has just opened a Domestic 
Machinery Store, at 48, High Road, Balham, S.W. 
* * 


Manufacturers of cycles or perambulators may be interested to know 
that the Agence Generale Velocipedique, of 3 and 5, Rue de Roanne, 
St. Etienne, also of Lyons, are o pen to accept agenc’es from British 
firms. The Agence has been established seven years, and supplies 
first-class references. Ma 

* 

One of our subscribers recently disputed an account for a cycle, and 
the manufacturer sued him in the county court and got judgment for 
same. Curious to relate, a few days later he received a letter from a 
financial agent, offering to advance money to clear off his liabilities if 
he was short of cash, andif his creditors were pressing, to “‘assist you 
in many ways.” This kindness from a stranger is quite touching, and 
our friend did quite right, we think, by declining to have anything to 
do with the writer. 

: ea 

We are frequently asked where the ‘‘ Bedford ” Sewing Machine can 
be obtained, and therefore consider it desirable to state that Messrs. 
Sellers & Allen, of 12, Walbrook, London, E.C., are the wholesale 


agents for same. 
x * 


An International Cycle Exhibition is to be held in Brussels from the 
24th of March to the 8th of April. Particulars can be had of the 
Secretary, 36, Boulevard Anspach, Brussels. 

ares 


* 

An International Exhibition will be held in Antwerp next year. 
Mr. Dz Courcy Perry, the British Consul at Antwerp, will supply 
particulars on application. 

* O* 

Mr. James Clegg, the well-known New Zealand perambulator 
manufacturer, writes us that his business has so increased of late that 
he has been compelled to remove to larger premises situated at the 
corner of High and Tuam Streets, Christchurch, New Zealand. 

* 


- 

The Bream Supply and Exchange Tea Co, of Bream, Gloucester- 
shire, send us their trade card, which says ‘‘ anything suppliel from a 
needle to an elephant.”’ We do not know the extent of their trade in 
elephants, but they appear to b: doing a good business in domestic 
machinery. 

het 

Under the style of “ The Universal Agency, Mr. Hermann Loog, 
manager.” 85, Finsbury Pavement is once again opened as a Perambu- 
lator Warehouse. We are told, however, that cycles, sewing 
machines, wringers, gas engines, and electric light installations will 
form departments of the business at an early date. : 

* * 


* 

Messrs. Long & Co, of 101, Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, extensive 
importers of Sewing Machines, are always pleased to receive pro- 
posals of agencies for domestic machines. 

* * 
* 

Messrs. W. J. Harris & Co., Lim., have just opened anew depot for 

domestic machinery, close to Forest Gate Station. 
* 


Mr. C. Peachey, of Middlesex Manufacturing Company fame, and 
latterly manager for Messrs. Boyd & Co., of Holborn, is no longer with 
that firm. 








A BAD CASE OF “ PRICE-CUTTING.? 

An anonymous correspondent sends us a copy of a 
Greenock newspaper containing the advertisement given 
at foot, and says that the manufacturers, whoever they 
may be, supplying machines to be sold in this fashion, 
are acting antagonistically to their own interests, as well 
as to those of the regular dealer. We suppress the name 
of the advertiser,but copy the exact style of his advertise- 
ment. 

£2,000 SAVED 

We beg to call the attention of our numerous customers, and others 
who have not yet visited our warehouse, to the fact that from now till 
the 20th December we are prepared to sell to all comers a £6 tos. 
meditim sewing machine, by a well-known maker, for the extraordinary 
price of £2 9s. 11d. This sewing machine is not a toy, but a full- 
sized treadle machine, ofsuperior finish and handsome design. 

On reading this advertisement we have no doubt but that many will 
say whata certain Greenock gentleman said when his good lady in- 
formed him about the value we were offering in sewing machines, 
namely, “ You are havering, woman! it must bea toy at that price.” 
But, with the persuasiveness which women usually possess, she pre- 
vailed upon him to come down to our warehouse and see for himself. 
IT need scarcely add that as a result of this visit he purchased one of 
the above machines. -We invite you to come and inspect them, and 
observe, snould you not find it convenient to purchase one now, by 
leaving your order, with a deposit of 1os., before the 20th of December, 
we agree to deliver one of these machines to you upon payment of 
balance any time between now and 2oth March, 1894. Cost of above 
machine, if bought on hire system, £6 r1os.; our cash price, £2 9s. 11d. 
—effecting for the purchaser a saving of £4 os. 1d. The saving hereby- 
effected onone machine is not a very large sum; still there are not 
many of us who can afford to lose even that. But let us take and 
combine the amounts which would have been saved to 500 of the house- 
holders who at present possess a sewing machine, which they pur- 
chased on the present popular system, and the result shows that they 
would have effected a saving of £2,000 had they purchased it. 


On December 21st the employés at Messrs. Bradbury & Co’s., 
Birmingham Depot were entertained to a substantial tea at the Tem- 
perance Institute, Corporation Street, Birmingham, by the late depot 
manager, Mr. G. W. Owen, who has been appointed travelling super- 
intendent of depots. After a substantial repast, served up in splendid 
style, and to which ample justice was done, on the motion of Mr. 
J. Vale (Wednesbury) Mr. Shuttleworth was voted tothe chair, In 
opening, the Chairman stated that he was pleased to see so many 
present on that occasion, as it showed there must exist a good feeling 
between managers and employés. Messrs. Vale, Green, Hall, Rayner, 
Faulkner (Walsall), Davies (the company’s traveller in the tool 
trade), and Mrs. Hall and Mrs. Woodyet then entertained the com- 
pany with songs, recitations, and sketches. Subsequently Mr. Allen 
(Northampton), proposed ‘‘ Success to Bradbury & Co.,” and stated 
that with what the company had now to put on the market no man 
need have the slightest doubt but that he had the best English 
machine in the market to sell, and might go out to the public and offer it 
with confidence. This toast was supported by Mr. Davies, Mr. Owen, 
and Mr. Shuttleworth, and drunk with enthusiasm. 

Mr. Vale then proposed a vote of thanks to Mr. and Mrs. Owen, and 
said that when Mr. Owen first came to Birmingham as manager, he 
(Mr. Vale) was afraid they were going to have one who would make 
their position miserable, but he was very pleased to find he had been 
mistaken, as Mr. Owen had proved most genial and a great help to 
the men who worked under him and acted most impartially to all. 
He therefore wished him every success and prosperity in his new 
position. Mr. Anderson seconded the proposition, Messrs. Davies, 
Evans, and others supported, and it was carried with acclamation. In 
reply, Mr. Owen thanked them all for their kind feelings toward him 
and Mrs. Owen. He was very pleased to hear the expressions of 
cordiality, ani to tell them that the Bradbury Company were in a 
better position to-day than ever they were, and as they prosper so 
would the employés from lowest to highest. They would find in a 
short time they would have better facilities for selling than ever, and 
trusted every man and woman would work honestly and fairly for 
the firm, then success was bound to follow, Other gentlemen gave their 
experiences of the trade, and a neat and encouraging speech from Mr. 
Shuttleworth brought a most enjoyable evening to a close at eleven 
o'clock, 2 z 








THE WORLD'S FATR: 
No. IV. 


SEWING MACHINE SECTION (continued). 


Crosby & Kellogg. Pat. No. 37,033, Dec. 2, 1862. 

An ordinary twin-needle sewing machine is frovided with devices 
for forming crimps in a strip of cloth, the crimmps being secured by two 
rows of stitches. The crimper blade is actuated to form the crimps 
through intermediate connections from cams on the main shaft and is 
spring retracted. The presser-foot and table hold the goods at rest 
while the crimp is being formed and the presser-foot alone serves to 
smocth and flatten down the crimps as they are formed. One cam 
on the main shaft forces the blade forward to form the crimp against 
the presser-foot, and another cam gives to the blade an additional 
forward movement to carry the crimp under the presser-foot where it 
is held and stitched. 

W. O. Grover. «Pat. No. 37,502, Jan. 27, 1862. 

Form of Grover & Baker machine, at one time largely in use. 
Horizontal main shaft carrying feed-actuating cam, arranged directly 
under feed-bar. Crank on said shaft actuates a bell-crank carrying 
needle above cloth-plate. Curved oscillating needle catried by 
vertical shaft beneath cloth-plate, actuated by projection-on end of 
lower arm of bell-crank, Two threads employed. 

J. A. Pipo. Pat. No. 37.550, Jan. 27,1863. : ; 

An early machine for forming and sewing a rufile between two folas 
of cloth zt one and the same operation, the ruffle'and both pieces of 
cloth being secured by an ordinary seam. The machine has, - in 
addition. to the ordinary ruffling-blade and the stitch-forming 
mechanism, three guides—one for each of the folds of the cloth and 
an intermediate guide for the strip to be ruffled. - 

A. B. Howe. Pat. No. 37,913, March 17 1863. shee 

Substantial representation of Howe mechine as it went into market. 
The ‘‘ box ” carrying the needle-bar is adjustable by screw and spring 
to bring needle into desired relatioa to shuttle or hook. Lever, 
operated by cam on main shaft, presses upon needle and prevents 
shuttle striking and breaking same. Compound levers, operated by 
eccentric, constitute friction-clutch for operating feed-wheel. 

L. W. Langdon. Pat. No. 39,256, July 14, 1863. 

Teeth of feed-dog arranged: vertically. Nise and fall of feed-bar 
given by cam on shuttle-thread manipulating hook. Feed movement 
derived from vibrating lever, pendent from feed-bar, operated by lever 
which receives its motion from eccentric on main shaft. Arm on short 
shaft, connecting with vibrating lever, regulates extent and reverses 
direction of feed. Vibrating catch-lever operates on feed-bar-operating 
lever to arrest feed movement at each alternate operation of needle. 

S. J. Baird. Pat. No. 97,858, Dec. 14, 1869. 

The first patented button-hole attachment to be put on the bed- 
plate of an ordinary sewing machine to feed the material in the proper 
path to enable a button-hole to be stitched. The attachment is 
operated by the reciprocations of the needle bar. 

Hurtu & Hautin. Pat. No. 98,064, Dec. 21, 1869. 

An early French machine for sewing harness, &c., with wax-thread. 
A lock-stitch is mad= by means of an eye-pointed needle and a 
revolving hook carrying the ‘needle-thread around a bobbin-case or 
“shuttle.” Tne nee ile and awl have“a vertical reciprocation and a 
horizontal rotary reciprocation, and are operated alternately in order 
that the needle may pass the thread through the hole just previously 
made by the awl. ae 


: JAN, 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 17 








85, Finsbury Pavement, 


mon DON. 


In view of the confusing information circulated on the subject lately, and in response to numerous inquiries, I 
have issued a correct, comprehensive, and up-to-date pamphlet respecting the rights of anyone to the use of the 
word ‘‘ Singer,’”’ and I will send it free of charge to anyone on application. 

To my old friends and customers ‘‘ A Happy and Prosperous New Year !’’—HERMANN LOOG. 








Guaranteed 
By Our Past Production. 


Proved 
By the Test of Time. 





WE ARE STILL ON TOP. 
HIGHEST AWARD 





Family Sewing Machines, 
HIGHEST AWARD 


FAMILY SEWING, EMBROIDERY AND 
DECORATIVE ART WORK, 


Viorld’s Columbian Exposition, 
CHICAGO. 


VH’ ViRTICAL FEED SEWING 
MACHINE C0., 

24, ALDERSGATE STREET, 

LONDON, E.c. 





(ros 


WY eS 
WMA 





Head Office and Manufactory : 
DAYTON, OHIO, USA. 











1§ The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JAN. 1, 1894. 


SY 


HINTS ON REPAIRING AND ADFUSTING 
SEWING MACHINES. 


[ COPYRIGHTED. | 


A CoNnvVENIENT Kir. 
BY ©. N. EY 


Among the stacks of good advice given in the 
“ Hints,” both those published by the ews some years 
ago and those printed in the numbers of the present year 
I have looked in vain for a description of a “ kit ” that 
shall be at once large enough to carry what is needed 
and yet be small enough to carry without assistance. I 
have seen various kinds and styles, some of them large 
enough to contain a whole machine head and constituting 
a load fora mule. Again, I have seen them that were 
small—so small that a four-irch hammer could find no 
place therein. And they were made of all kinds of 
material and by all sorts of craftsmen. Wood, tin, 
leather, and carpet entered into their makeup. The 
objection to wood is that it is too heavy if thick enough 
to be sufficiently strong, and this thickness robs you of 
space inside unless a size be accepted that wil! have the 
objection again that it’s too bulky. Tin is durable and 
thin enough to admit of making of proper size, but has 
the objection that it is noisy, the tools, etc., rattling when 
being carried, and if it receive a knock or bang from the 
outside, the injury is lasting. Leather is very expensive, 
if heavy sole leather be used, and the thinner kind 
requires a wooden box—more loss of space and waste of 
material. The carpet bag savors too much of the 
plumber or carpet upholsterer, and is inconvenient in 
many ways. After seeing and examining all these 
different kits, 1 made myself one that will last me, with 
occasional repairs, as long as I shall be able to go out 
repairing sewing machines. 
Before explaining how this most excellent kit is made, 
I will answer the question possibly raised by some 
repairers, 7.e., what need has a repairer of akit ? Why 
not do the work at home inhisshop? That is without 
dispute the best place to do it, when possible, but it is 
not always possible. It often happens that a number of 
machines are to be repaired in some factory wherea 
machinist is not constantly in attendance. Then you 
_must take your tools with you, for if you depend on find- 
ing what you want there you will get most awfully left. 
There may be some there, but they won’t suit you, and 
you can’t get along as well with them as with your own. 
Again, you may be called to a town in which there area 
number of machines to be looked after that are scattered 
about in twos and threes, the property of small manufac- 
turers of shoes, clothing, &c. At such places you will 
never find even a screwdriver that yon would use. 
Hence the necessity of carrying your own with you, and 
carrying them in a manner that will be convenient in 
every sense. Now then for my kit. It is made of stout 
~pasteboard, measures five by thirteen inches on the 
bottom, and is ten inches high. One of the sides 
extends only half way down from the top, and a second 
bottom is placed there. In this receptacle, at each end, 
is a cleat of thin wood secured with glue and rivets to 
the outside, so adjusted that a tray two inches deep rests 
on them flush with the top. This tray is also of paste- 
board, but not as_heavy as the main box. Rings are 
secured to each end.by loops of cloth by which it can be 
lifted out. Inthe chamber below, this tray I carry all my 
large tools, such as hammers (2), monkey-wrench, hand 
vise, large screwdriver, &c.~ In the tray itself I carry my 
pliers of different sizes. beltpunch, and other smal] tools. 
In the lower five inches of the main box are three 
drawers extending the entire length of the box, the top 
one of which is one inch deep, the next one an inch and 
a half, and the lowest one two and a half. When these 
drawers are pushed all the way in they admit of a flap, 
hinged to the upper part of the box, closing flush with 





* The New York Sewing Machine News. 


the rest. The drawers are made of pasteboard the same 
as the tray, with bottoms as heavy as the outside of the 
box. The top drawer has a partition running across it 
the narrow way, and one extending from this lengthwise 
to the end, making one large compartment and two 
smaller narrow ones. In the latter IJ keep small files, 
and drills and taps, reamers, countersinks, etc. Other 
small tools of various kinds find a place in the larger 
compartment. The next drawer is divided up into a 
number of compartments of different sizes for carrying 
parts of machines, pieces of material, like bits of wire, 
brass, steel, German silver, and the like. Very small 
parts I carry in little paper boxes, and needles in labelled 
envelopes. The bottom drawer is given up to miscel- 
laneous purposes, and in that I generally carry things 
too large for the other drawers, some wiping waste, round 
belting, and asmallalcohol lamp. I forgot to mention 
among the tools kept in the large box at the top a hand 
drill stock. This I have arrang-1so that handle and 
crank-handle can be removed, and the tool, usually very 
bulky, can be put into very small space. The drawers 
rest on brass runners, made of sheet metal, in angle form, 
secured to the main box by rivets*” They are strong, 
afford a resting place of three quarters of an inch wide 
on each end, and yet sothin that the drawers do not have 
to be made much lower to allow for them. Of course 
the lowest drawer rests on the bottom of the box. 

There you havea general description of my kit as far 
as general arrangement goes. Now for construction. 
The outside box is made of pasteboard a little less than 
an eighth ofan inch thick. To make the corners sharp 
I mitred the joints, and then secured them by gluing 
strips of strong, but fine, linen on the inside and outside. 
The strip securing the bottom of the upper chamber to 
the five inch side is cut at several places to allow pieces 
to extend down on the flap to serve as hinges. All joints 
in the drawers and the tray are reinforced in the same 
way. All inside work is then covered with smooth, 
strong paper, not too thick, and the outside with black 
cambric or calico, secured with good paste. Metallic 
corners can be put on the bottom if deemed necessary. 
These can be procured at hardware stores. I do not think 
them essential. There you have my box—now for the 
cover. ‘This is just enough larger than the box itself to 
entirely cover it clear to the bottom, or within perhaps 
a quarter of an inch of it. This is of pasteboard not 
quite as heavy as the box, and is covered with book- 
binders’ leather. Any thin leather will answer equally 
well. A stout leather handle, secured to the cover with 
small bolts or rivets (with large heads underneath), sup- 
plies the means of transportation, while two straps, with 
buckles, passing through the ends of the handles and 
around the box effectually close it. I have never had 
occasicn to carry more in it than the dimensions of the 
box will accommodate, but if need be the cover can be 
extended, giving extra room. 


Akit ofthis sort can be made by any handy man, with 
such variations as to size and other conditions as may 
suit his case; is not expensive, for the pasteboard need 
not be new ; and, if he likes, he can make it very orna- 
mental. If carefully made it will last for years, as 
corners, when they get worn, can be easily recovered, 
and that is about all there is to wear, 








NOTHMANN'S WASHING MACHINE. 


WE illustrate a new washing machine 
which Messrs. Nothmann, the well- 
known Berlin sewing machine manu- 
facturers, are introducing into this 
country. 

This machine is of a type very 
popular in Germany, and by no 
means unknown in this country. It 
is operated, as is too obvious to need 

pointing out, by moying the Jéver~backwards and 

forwards. fe 

Mr. E. Rausnitz, of 56, Doughty Street, London, W.C. 

is the wholesale agent, and he will supply full details 
on application 





AGENTS & DEALERS. 


We know you want a well=- — 
finished and reliable Cycle to sell 
ata popular price, and one that 
will give you entire satisfaction. 


We make a ke this CYCLE 





THE MACHINE of the SEASON. 





so ‘NOSVAS 90) JO SNIHOVN HHL * 


The CHEAPEST & BEST SAFETY in the Market 
WRITE AT ONCE FOR LIST AND TERMS. 


‘Witton Manvracrmaye Co, 


WORKS: OF EICES : 


78 to 82, HANOVER ST., 71, CATHEDRAL ST. 














20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN. 1, 1894. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Bley) Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
‘CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON Oe ele AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


A INS NI SS INI INS INS NII SS 


THE “BELL” ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD. 
Bo STREET, LONDON, W. 


Acknowledged | best Makers in the Trade for High-class 
, BABY CARRIAGES, 
“ey MAIL CARTS & BATH CHAIRS. 
Coloured Catalogue sent on 


application, with best Terms to 
the Trade. 




























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































SAMPLE SHOW ROOM— 
85, ELY PLACE, HOLBORN, 
LONDON, E.C. 
AGENT —- MR. E. E. JENKINS, 























Special Show Day Every Friday. 


= 
Works—Bury Street Mills, STOCKPORT. 
Wholesale War ot a Sel MANCHERIED 


W. FOSTER «@ GO., 
46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 


REGISTERED DwsIGN,. 












































eat ot 
i" ie a oo =e 





ene ace tS UF EVERY DESORIPTION OF DER AMBUSE TOR FITTINGS, HOOD JOINTS, HANDLES IN BRASS 
AND WOOD, BRASS HANDLE ROMS, TOX FITTINGS, IRON HOOD WRAME §, GANORY IRONS, SPRINGS, BODIDS, da 


z, 


rollers in our ma- 


JAN. 1,°1893. 





THE 


American Weinger GO. 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 
























































































































































The ‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire- Purchase Dealers. 


The ‘““ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 


The Rollers of the ** HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER haye a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Considering the quality of the materials used, the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


SOOO OF OOO OOS 90 F0600 009000000 000895068 


WHAT IS THIS? 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
We guarantee all 





chines to have an 
equal thickness of 
rubber to that shown 


in the sketch. 





SANS DS SS SE IN 


OSL I LISI ILI I 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 


a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Our new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER (0, 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 24 





GENUINE AMERICAN 
MB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 









SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER, 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





NEW HARRISON 


SWIFT GOLD MEDA 


TER 


S =e 3 5 
— : S Kt iTS Stockings ribbed or plain 
a . 2 vidi tO GLOVES ard CLOTHING 1 
WOOL, SILK, or COTTON, INSTRUC 
TIONS ERBEE, Lists 2d per post 
TPIT MET AWARD at PAKIs. The or'y 
Wis in the WOLD of ' GOLD MEDALS 
and W@other Fonou~, WAT RISOY KNITTING MACHINE CO. 
orks 



























t-nok 3 Ma chester 





Telephone No. 4667. 


GROVER & WOOD 
AMERICAN ORGAN AND HARMONIUM 


MANUFACTURERS, 


62, GLENGALL ROAD, OLD KENT ROAD, 
LONDON, S.E, 


First-Class Quality. Low Prices. Latest lmnrovements. 
&¥ WRITS FOR NEW ILLUSTRATED LIST. 


The New 


- ROTHWELL KNITTER 


which can knit every garment 
Ss that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what could be cone on the 
«“ New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and toousands of ladies 
who have entirely abolished hand kaitting are now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything in either slik, wool, or cotton. 

Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 


Telegrams, ‘‘ Grovod, London.” 






































THE NATIONAL CYCLE SHOW. 


Closely following on the footsteps of the ‘‘ Stanley,” the 
National Cycle Show was held at tne Crystal Palace 
during the past month, opening on the rst and closing on 
the 9th of December. Compared with its predecessors, 
it certainly showed increased patronage, notwithstanding 
the prohibition against any firms who exhibited at the 
“ Stanley.” The total number of exhibitors, however, is 
expressed by smaller figures than the “Stanley ” which 
had in November last 360 supporters as against 236 firms 
which occupied stalls at the ‘‘ National.’ Further analysis 
discloses the fact that tha exhibitors of complete machines 
numberedatthe ‘‘Stanley,” 140, andat the “ National” only 
100. In the accessories section the ‘‘ National” received 
less support than its rival, but in the tyre and rubber 
department tue difference was less marked. 

From a spectacular point of view the Palace show was 
generally ranked first,although the credit in our opinion, 
js more due to the building than to the arrangements of 
the exhibits. Beyond question the ‘‘ Stanley ” exhibits 
were more compactly displayed, and, after all, the con- 
venience of the trade is of more importance than mere 
appearance. 

‘As to the volume of trade done we do not think that 
either of the two shows were satisfactory to the exhibitors, 
It is always very difficult to get at the real truth as to the 








22 


actual orders booked with a manufacturer during the 
run of an exhibition. Many of them have a habit of 
adding mere inquiries, based on a possible large order, to 
the number actually sold and thus arrive at large figures, 
which are given to the investigating journalist in perfect 
good faith. Occasionally, however, it is possible to get 
at the cold-blooded truth, and then the figures often 


merely represent less than the outlay the exhibitor has | 


been put to for stall space, printed matter, and 
attendants. 

We had many opportunities of talking over this 
question with exhibitors at both the “Stanley” and the 


‘“« National,” and at both shows the majority complained | 
that dealers are becoming less and less inclined to give 


large orders on the spot, their visits being more due to 
a desire to inspect than to purchase. 
these enterprises are becoming less marts than mere 
shows. 


Nor is this surprising. The actual manufacturers 


of cycles primarily for sale through dealers now number | 
upwards of 200, and very often the worst machines are | 
exhibited by the best salesm-2a, as many of the largest | 
makers secure as salesmen winners of races, because of | 
their prowess on the racing path, although theability to | 
send round a wheel faster than other men cannot possibly | 
cycle | 
trade isnotoriously conspicuous for inconsistenciesand false | 
notions and the public are proverbially easily gulled. | 


in itself bespeak commercial gifts. But the 


For instance what possible connection is their between a 
racing machine and a roadster ? 


another and at enormous cost get that machine pedalled 


firm can necessarily manufacture a first-class roadster ? 
Weentirely fail to understand the logic of such reasoning, 
yet it is one of the fixed ideas of the trade. 


is no more connection between a racer and roadster than 
between a race horse and a dray horse. They both have 
their uses, but they are never interchangeable. 
THE TYPE OF MACHINE. 
There can be no doubt as to the type of machine for 
1894—the Humber pattern safety. The geared-ordinary 


was exhibited on several stalls, but mostly in away which | 
seemeil to say that the firm had little faith init as a | 


saleable machine for the coming season, and our advice 
to dealers is to leave it severely alone. 
“account stock it,and if you get it to order let it be acash 
transaction between you and the customer. We think 


it highly probable that tandems will sell well in the im- | 
mediate future, but to stock them means a large outlay | 


on a single machine, and since they are in their infancy, | L : 
| “oilt off” any business that really results In our opinion 


there is a great risk of being left with old patterns through 
theimprovements which are rapidlyand constantly taking 
place. 
. tube of larger diameter not only for the frames, but also 
-for the handles, and that strength rather than mere 


lightness is being increasingly considered. By narrowing | 


the brackets and doing away with the pedal nut, and 
placing the pedal close to the crank a narrower tread is 


obtained, and this is considered so desirable that many | 
manufacturers have adopted it for their new machines. | 
On a number of stands, notably those of Humber, Howe, | 
Coventry Machinist’s, the two Starley’s, Raleigh, and | 


the Centaur Companyconsiderable prominence was given 


to a high frame machine, commonly called the “ Giraffe.” | 
Never before, we should surmise, has so much attention | 
been shown to ladies’ safeties ; they were to be seen at | 


most of the stands. 


Among the other noticable features was the increased | 
use of gear cases with oi! baths which were mostly of the } 
One objection to these is their liability | 


‘detachable’type. 
to leak. Mr. John Marston is fitting to his; ‘‘ Sunbeam ”’ 
one of the Carter pattern cases which is at once oil proof 


and easy to detach. Among the more easily detachable | 
cases is the ‘‘ Humber” which they state will not leak. | 
The Premier Company also showed a case of their own | 


invention which is said to be thoroughly practical. 


Many of the machines on show had detachable chain | 
wheels, such as the Tower safety which screws on and is } 
secured by a nut, and the ‘‘ Triumph” in which case the | 
chain wheels and crank are made in one piece secured by | 


a pin. 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


| to be seen. 


In other words | 
| to bea step in the right direction. The rim is absolutely 


And how does it follow | 
that because one firm can produce a machine lighter than | 
a ; | tokeep abreast of their competitors. 
home ahead of all its competitors that therefore that | 


Perhaps | 
some day the public will wake up to the fact that there | 


We observed that most manufacturers are using | 





JAN. 1, 1894. 


We ohserved also that detachable brake fittings 
were largely in use. The Howe Company showed a 
guard made of aluminium, Most of the guards on show 
were detachable by simply turning a couple of screws. 

The introduction of the pneumatic tyre has givena 
great impetus to brake invention, and several varieties were 
Among these the Hall was the most con- 
spicuous, as it 1s the best known. Most makers appear to 
favour rubber or metal rollers, but there are two genuine 
novelities to be seen,of which much is likely to be heard in 
the future. We refer firstly to the ‘Roper’? which 
depends upon the frictional powers of stiff bristles 
applied in the ordinary way. ‘The other is called the 
“Gardner,” and isa band brake put in operation by back 
pedalling. 

The “ Pugh ” rim attracted great attention as it appears 


jointless and hollow and is spun from sheet steel. 
THE TYRES. 

The Tyre Section was, of course, the great centre of 
attraction, but among the 33 or 34 varieties of tyres on 
show there were few possessing striking novelty or excel- 
lence. At stand 224 there was to be seen the Whaleite 
Sponge Tyre invented by Mrs. A. M. Wood. It is a‘ 
solid tyre of extraordinary resiliency, due, it is said, to its 
peculiar composition, which includes whalebone dust. 

Among other exhibits were the Preston-Davies, Tor- 
rilhon, Michelin, and the Seddon, most of which have 
been slightly altered or improved. 

Much curiosity was naturally directed to the Dunlop 
stand, as the parent company no doubt strain every nerve 
We find that the 
roadster pattern for the coming season will differ very 
little from that of last year, and is, therefore, of the de- 
tachable type. 

A number of tyres such as the “Stead,” ‘“ Imperial,” 
“Lindner,” “ Armstrong,” and the “ Bcdinar,” were 
shown for the first time, but their chances of a successful 
career are, we believe, in every case very remote. Not 


| that they are wantinz in merit, but now that there are up- 


wards of sixty distinct pneumatic tyres on the market, it 
is obviously impossible that one-quarter of them can find 
a sale. Inventors seem to forget that the differences 
between one tyre and another are asa rule so trifling that 
the public cannot possibly be expected to comprehend 
them. Further, that neither manufacturers nor agents 


Do not on any | ¢an be expected to keep in stock more than two or three 


varieties of tyres, and those the most popular. It follows 
then that the success of anew tyre is dependent mostly 
upon mere public request, and in order to produce this 
enquiry so much money must be spent in adver- 
tising, and in record work, as to entirely take the 


dealers should only stock, say, a tew ‘‘ Dunlops,” and two 
or three “Clincher’s” or “Nedderman’s,” which are 
thoroughly reliable, and cannot possibly result in baa 


| stock. 


EXHIBITORS OF MACHINES. 


We cannot possibly describe the whole of the stands 
devoted to complete machines. Of course, the leading 
makers, such as Humber, Coventry Machinists Company, 
Centaur Company, Triumph Company, &c., were worthily 
represented, but so uniform were the patterns that prac- 
tically a description of one stand could apply to the 
remaining 99. 

There were no less than three manufacturers of sewing 
machines exhibiting cycles of their own manufacture. 
Among these was the Eslipse Machine Company, of Old- 
ham, formerly known as Shepherd, Rothwell, & Hough. 
The seven “ Rothwells on show bore evidence of that 
attention to detail which is indispensable in a sewing 
machine factory. Lightness, combined with strength, 
not forgetting superior finish, was very noticeable in 


# connection with these machines. 


Close by this stand were staged five machines made by 
Bernhard Stoewer, the well-known Stettin sewing 
machine manufacturer. They were built on English 
lines entirely, and could readily have passed for Coventry 
goods. Mr. Peth, who was in charge, told us that his 
firm had only been making cycles a few months, which 
would seem to render certain immediate success, consider- 
ing the excellence of what was almost the first fruits of 


| their cycle department, 


Jan. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. : 24 





TH E 


EXHIBIT 





AT THE 


STANLEY Snow 


WAS THE 


TALK OF THE PLACE 


Dealers should not fail to see our latest Novelties before placing 
their Orders for the New Season. 


New Illustrated Catalogues ready January Ist, 1894. | 


rr a i re ee 


STAR MANUFACTURING 60., 


STAR WORKS, GOODINGE ROAD, 
LONDON, WN. 

















24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JAN. 1, 1894. 





The other sewing machine house exhibiting complete 
cycles was the White Sewing Machine Company. Their 
exhibits comprised fifteen machines, most of which were 
““Wincycles,” which during the past season enjoyed 
remarkable success. A very large number of our readers 
have already secured the agency for these machines, and 
know them to be built on the very best lines and to give 
complete satisfaction to their customers. The ‘ Triumph ” 
is another machine which was on view at this stand, and 
it is superfluous for us to state that it has for two or 
three years past been considered as entitled to front 
rank. : 

No doubt many of our readers visited the stand of Mr. 
Harry S. Roberts, of Deanshanger, Stony Stratford. 
Here were displayed a dozen “‘Condors” in a manner 
which shows our friend’s taste in design and finish, to be 
by no means confined to cycles. His stand was one of 
the handsomest in an exhibition conspicuous for tasteful 
arrangements. Mr. Roberts specially caters for a middle- 
class trade, turning out a thoroughly reliable safety, with 
“Dunlop” or “ Clincher’”’ tyres, at something less than 
£20. Another feature of his business is his special 
terms to agents, under which dealers can take orders on 
instalment terms, and, if approved of, be paid a handsome 
commission at once. Nor have agents any further 
trouble, as Mr. Roberts himself attends to the pay- 
ments. 

We should not cmit to state that Mr. Lohmann, the 
well-known sewing machine importer, &c., had a most 
comprehensive exhibit of accessories. To enumerate 
them would be next to impossible, as this firm deal, whole- 
sale only, in everything required by agents or repairers, 
and, in addition, have a new pneumatic tyre, the Veith, 
which has been much commended by the trade. 








BRADBURY’ S CYCLES. 


For some months past there have been rumours in 
the trade that Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, the well- 


known sewing machine manufacturers, were completing 
arrangements for adding a cycle department to their 
existing extensive business. During the recent cycle 
shows quite a number of persons hailing from Oldham 
and elsewhere were good enough to apprise us of this 
new enterprise, and since the knowledge is now so wide- 
spread we shall delay no longer our announcement that 
it is a fact that the Wellington Works, Oldham, will 
shortly be renowned not only for sewing machines and 
bassinettes but also for a high grade of cycles, to be 
called, we believe, the ‘‘ Wellington.” 

Messrs. Bradbury will start with immense adyantages 
over their competitors. In the first place they are the oldest 
European manufacturers of sewing machines,and possess one 
ofthe best equipped factories in the world. This means 
morethan appearson the surlace. To manufacture a sewing 
machine at the present day requires, beyond doubt, the 
very highest level of mechanical skill, and the best 
adaptation of means to ends in order to attain accuracy 
of adjustment at a lowcost of production. ‘This accounts 
for the fact that: nearly all of the successful Continental 
cycle manufacturers are also makers of sewing machines, 
the former department having been engrafted on the 
latter. 

But Messrs. Bradbury's advantages do not stop here. 
They have for years been extensive makers of tools and 
machines for engineers, and have supplied many of the 
most successful cycle manufacturers with plant. Thus 
they may almost be said to stare with a long exper‘e1ce. of 
cycle manufacture, which, combined with the fact,tha’ they 
have in their employ a number of mechanical experts of 
tried abilily, give additional importance to their new 
departure. 

Of course, Bradbury’s will aim to produce for their 
cycles a reputation equal to that they enjoy for their sew- 
ing machines and bassinettes ; in other words. manufac- 
ture only sound, reliable machines. They are commencing 
somewhat late in the day: compared to the other :e ving 
machine manufacturers, but history is made quickly in 
the cycle trade, and the “ Wellington” cannot fail to 
quickly overtake many older machines. 

























































































ANN Sewin 





lachines. 











NOTHMANN’S 
NEW SHUTTLE WITH LID. 


With this new siittle thy n- 
Fe.tton of the veel »und fixing 
ot the ihread is exceedingly 
Slvple. 




















Open the lid at the part marked a 

































































and tarn it forward, the reel is thea 
liberated, and will fall out behind. 






fly 


7) 
































All important parts ara 























= 


CEBR. NOTHMANN, 
























best quality. 


=| Several valuable improvements. 
A ! manship. Silent Action. 


The new b>btbin,wh'ch shouldro5 be 
Overwound, 1s piacea in the sh. ttle 
from behind, leaving about two inches 
of loose thread out, then press down 
the lid until it closes with a slight 
click, and draw the end of thread for- 
ward ATONE h the slit b, met comes 

: - out under the tongue ¢, and flows over 
First-class work- the same. The tension is regalated - 
by the screw d, for which the small 
screwdriver is provided. 


BERLIN. 


adjustable and of the 


Great Durability. 


wing Machine 
Factory, 





core scenr ron. £, RAUSNITZ, 56, Loughty Street, LONDON, W.C. 


THE UNITED Sk 
Illustrated Price List free on application. 


Suo-Agencies for any towa or district arranged. 


JAN. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 


a SS EES 


RECENT CHANGES IN THE TRADE. 

Birmingham.—Mr. Thomas Avery, ironmonger, Sher- 
lock Street, has given up the sale of mangles. 

Bolton. Hs Joseph S. Sugden, described on his letter 
paper as “wholesale and retail clothier and sewing 
machine agent,” has given up the latter department. 

Ealing.—Mr. W. ik Cocks has closed nis cycle depot in 
High Street. 

Kirkham.—Mr. J. Singleton, dealer in cycles and 
domestic machinery, has closed his branch in this town, 
but continues his business in Lytham. 

Middlesbro’ —Messrs. R. W.C. Huggins & Co., cycle 
acd perambulator dealers, have removed from Linthor pe 
Road to Yorkshire Bank Chambers. 

Newport Pagnell—Mr. Geo. Salmon, gunsmith, 
4, High Street, now sells prams. and sewing machines in 
addition to cycles. 

Petworth.—Mr. B. S. Austen, ironmonger, Market 
Piace, has given up the sale of sewing machines, but 
continues to sell mangles. 

Pontefract.—-Mr. Jonas Batley, of Northgate Works, 
maker of mangles, has taken up the sale of cy cles. 

St Albans.—Mr. Geo. Humphrey, dealer in cycles 
and sewing machines, 22, St. Peter’s Street, has closed 
his premises, 


Stockport.—Mr. H. Ferrester, dealer in cycles, knitting, 
washing, and sewing machines, has removed from Great 
Underbank to 32, Dundonald Street, Heaviley, Stock- 
port. 

Sutton-in-Ashfield——Mr. J. Starr, house furnisher, 
Upper Green, has givenup the sale of sewing machines 
and now sells wringers. 

Tottenham.—Under the style of the Reliance Machine 
Company, Mr. Carl Petersen, who for some years 
managed one of Mr. C. L. Young’s depots, has started 


business for himself at 114, West Green Road, 
Tottenham. 
Watford Mr. E. Wright, dealer in cycles and 


domestic machinery, has closed his premises in this 
town. : 
Walsall—_Mr. E. Allsopp, cycle dealer, 15, Caldmore 


Road, has taken up the sale of sewing machines. 


Widnes.—Mr. M. Blank, house furnisher and dealer 
in cycles and domestic machines, has closed his premises 
in this town. 

Woolwich.—Messrs. Watson & Co., dressmakers, 41, 
Hare Street, in addition to cycles and Wheeler & Wilson 
sewing machines, write us that they intend shortly to 
handle domestic machinery. 





MILNE’S IMPROVED NEW DESIGN 2-ROLLER MANGLE. 




























































































































































































ENTIRELY NEW FEATURES. 


The old-fashioned bow-spring done away 
with, and in its place a Steel Spiral 
Spring, with two pressure levers. 


The gearing all to one end. 


No Star Wheels. The upper roller is 
driven through two stud wheels, so that 
the rollers may be re-dressed when required 
without altering the gearing, as is necessary 
with Star Wheels. 


VERY EASILY DRIVEN. 


This is a STRONG, SUBSTANTIAL MANGLE, 
the 24-inch weighs 294 lbs, 





— Manufactured solely by — 
GEORGE MILNE, 
SHIELDS ROAD, 
GHLASGOW. 


PDADALRADARAYYawoow> 


—Representative in London— 





MR. CHARLES WATT, 







































































































skill in management. 






































FOR THE FAMILY ¢ OR THE MANUFACTORY, — f 
IT STANDS AT THE HEAD BECAUSE 


It is the simplest machine made, haying few parts, no complications, and requires little 


20, BUCKLERSBURY, MANSION HOUSE, E.C., 


from whom Prices and all particulars may 
be obtained. 








It is the lizhtest- running machine, hence produces less fatigue in operating, and on that 
account is especially recommended by the medical faculty. 

It is adapted to the greatest range of work, will do the finest as well as the heaviest, and is 
suited to the use of ‘all appliances that facilitate the ordinary, fancy, or difficult work. 

It is always ready for use, and requires no special adjustment when the work is changed. 

It is the most durable machine ever made. 
advanced and approved mec hanical principles, and all the parts are case-hardened, working 
on adjustable conical bearings. 


Its construction is in accordance with the most 





HAND MACHINES from £4 45., TREADLE MACHINES from £5 10s. 


Terms and full particulars can be obtained from 


GORDON & 'GOTCH, 15; St. Bride Street, LONDON, EC. 


AGENTS WANTED WHERE NOT ALREADY REPRESENTED. 


| 





a6 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JAN. 1, 1894. 


SS aaa 


USEFUL RECIPES FOR MECHANICS. 
To PropucE A STEEL BLUE ON Brass. 


Compound the following mixture, strain it, and place 
the polished brass article therein until it assumesa fine 
steel blue colour. 

Ingredients—6 drachms sulphate of antimony, 8 ozs. 
calcined soda crystals, 11 drachms Kermes, 11 drachms 
tartar, 22 drachms hyposulphite of sodium, 3 pints of 
water. 

Preparation—In half the water dissolve the antimony 
sulphate and calcined soda, and to this solution add the 
Kermes and filter the fluid. Separately dissolve the 
tartar and hyposulphite in the remainder of the water 
and then mix the two solutions and use warm for steep- 
ing the brass in. 

To Give Brass A Goop Biack-BronzED APPEARANCE. 


Dip the articles in a solution of nitric acid and water 
and then rinse in clean water to remove alltraces of the 
acid, and steep it in the following compcund until it 
turns black, then take it out, rinse off this fluid in clean 
water, dry it by putting in heated sawdust, polish with 
blacklead, and then lacquer with green lacquer :—12 
parts (by weight) of hydrochloric acid, r part (by weight) 
green vitriol (sulphate of iron), 1 part (by weight) white 
arsenic. A good green lacquer is prepared as follows :— 
Digest in 3 gallons of methylated spirit, 18 ozs. of turmeric 
powder, 15 ozs.shellac (or ata push) rt oz. sandarac resin, 
3 ozs. resin, 3 ozs. gamboge, and when the shellac has 
dissolved, strain the fluid through muslin, and to the 
sediment add another 14 gallons of methylated spirit, and 
let it digest for some days, and when strained mix the two 
fluids. Laythe lacquer onthe warm metal as directed in 
a previous recipe. Any shade of brown to black can be 
obtained by the above bronze fluid, according to the 
length of immersion, the action of it being stopped by 
oiling the articles when colour is reached. 


MetuHop oF GIVING Iron a BronZED APPFARANCE 
WITHOUT COATING IT WITH METAL OR ALLOY. 


First well clean the articles by scouring in an alkaline 
solution (potash or soda) and rinsing off, then coat the 
articles with a thin film of a fat or non-drying oil—not 
fish vil—as castor oil or rapeseed, and then expose the 
arti les to the heat of a fierce furnace, the heat of which. 
however, is not strong enough to carbonise the oil. In 
this way cast iron absorbs oil at the moment the oil is 
decomposed, and there is formed at the surface a thin 
coat of brown oxide of iron, which adheres very strongly 
tothe metal, and which takes a high polish, giving the 
iron articles the appearance of bronze. 

FORMULA FOR A SIZE FoR BRonNZE POWDER For IRON. 

Put one pint of methylated spirits (¢e., wood polisher’s 
spirits of wine) into a bottle, and then add ¢ lb. of shellac 
and 4 oz. gum benzoin, and stand the vessel in a warm 
place, giving it a shake occasionally, and after the resins 


THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 


Direct from the mets 

Patentees and Sole i 
Manufacturers, at 

WHOLESALE PRICES, 


$s4= Organelte for GS /= Cash, 


asy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Deli d 
Or on Easy WHEECHESt 10/2 iu DRI ! tigi 





Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and ull particulars. 





§ Stops, 





vows noes 
Expression, = Patent. 
and Flute. A 
eee s Mere 
Reeds. can Play it. 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., etc. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN 





have dissolved allow the compound a few days to settle, 
then pour off the clear solution for use. The sediment, by 
the addition of more spirits of wine, may be used for first 
coat or coarse work. Mix the bronzing powder in sufficient 
quantity to the sizing, and lay it on the clean, smooth, 
warm iron with a soft camel hair brush, and, if necessary, 
repeat the coating. To avoid wrinkles and brush marks 
thin the solution with spirits of wine, and afterwards give 
a coat of pale coloured varnish or lacquer. 








That old-established Sheffield Sewing Machine dealer, Mr. Thomis 
M‘Grath, hired a mechanical figure for advertising purposes a few 
months ago, at a charge of 30s. per month, which he=refused to pay 
for on the ground that it would not work. He was foolish enouh, 
however, to keep it, and has therefore been compelled to pay the 
claim for rent under a judge’s order, 





| beg to announce that | have 
been appointed by Messrs. Steinfeldt 
& Blasberg, Hanover, 


SOLE WHOLESALE AGENT 














New Patent 
“PRINCESS” CHILDREN'S 
HAND MACHINE, 


which is a perfect chain-stitch sew- 
ing machine in miniature, equally 
as strongly made, and producing as 
good sewing, as a full size machine. 
The best present for a girl. 
Circular and prices on application 


Cc. LOHMANN, 
36, Aldersgate Street, 
London, E.C. 


Jan. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 247 


BIC DISCOUNTS. Bic PROFITS. 


VACANCIES in a FEW TOWNS for LIYE AGENTS. NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE, 














NY SHAPE, ~ATHE“NO.9” ISEVERREADY TODOIT,)< 





It took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading machines of the world as the most advanced 
sewing machine mechanism, 


The rotary principle is the true one and wins every time. 


- Agents wanted wherever not represented. Address for terms, 


WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CO., 
91, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 














28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 
DS RS Une ARON a rd 


Failures and Arrangements. 


ARTHUR REAVILI, Peramlulator Manufacturer, 200, High Street, 
Deritend. 

At the Birmingham County Court, on the 18th ult., before Mr. 
Registrar Cole, the pvblic examination of the above was taken, 
Liabilities, 4121 ; assets, £49 —The Bankrupt stated that up to June 
1890, he was engaged as a journeyman perambulator-maker, and in 
that year he started in business in Arthur Street, Small Heath, with a 
capital of £5. He tradedas a perambulator manufacturer, and his 
wife carried on a toy business. In July, 1892, he removed to Deritend, 
Lut instead of his prosperity increasing, as he had anticipated, he began 
to feel the pressure of trade depression, and soon found himself in diffi- 
culties. In the course of the examination it transpired that the bank- 
rupt had obtained £10 from a money Jender named Jones, agreeing to 
pay £14 tcs. for ‘t in weekly instalments of 10s. One week he was 
unableto keep up the payment, and proceedings were commenced 
against him in the County Court, but these were withdrawn on his 
undertaking to pay the costs, £1 12s., and £16 in addition to £3 Ios: 
which he had alicady 1epaid. Subsequently he again failed to raise the 
money on one occasion, and received an order for payment forthwith.— 
The Registrar said he had always refused to grant such an order in re- 
gard to claims by money-lenders, the 86th section of the County Courts 
Act under which thet procedure was provided for being designed to 
benefit tradesmen who were entitled to money for goods supplied. 
Money-lenders actually sought to avail themselves of that provision for 
recoviring forthwith, notwithstanding that they had covenanted to 
accept payment by instalments. He (the Registrar) had always refused 
to grant such orders, and was supported in the viewhe took by two 
County Court judges whom hehad consulted.—The examination was 
concluded. 

SAMUEL LEIGH BRYAN, dealer in perambulators, 10, Malcolm 
Street, and 7, The Hardwick, Derby, and late of Harrow Road, 
London. 

The statutory meeting of the creditors interested hereunder took 
place on the 15th ult. at the offices ofthe Official Receiver, Derby. 
The unsecured debts were returned at £445 8s. 5d., and the assets, 
which consisted entirely of book debts, were estimated to produce 
£80, thus leaving a deficiency of £365 8s. 5d. 3 

Tt appeared from the Official Receivers report that the receiving 
order was made on the debtor’s own petition on the Ist ult. He 
alleged his failure to have been caused through bad trade and bad 
debts. He commenced business’ in London, where he had shops at 
459, Harrow Road, W., and 13, St. George’s Road, Notting Hill, W. 
Nothirg cf importance was done at the meeting, the.efore the estate 
will be wound up by the Official Receiver in the usual way. 

HARRY VICTOR LLOYD, trading as LLOYD & CO., Peramku- 
Jator Manulactur r, &c., Boro’, London, S.E. 

At the London Bankiuptcy Court, on the 15th ult., the above passed 
his public examination. Very few of the trade were present, and the 
pioceedirgs lasted only some twenty minutes. Questioned by Mr. 
Hough, the Official Receiver, the debtor stated that he was formerly 
in partnership with two others, and the firm was made bankrupt in 
1885, with liabilities about £6,0co. Prior to obtaining his discharge, 
one of his former employés, Robert Ives, looked after the old business 
in the Boro’, and he (debtor) subsequently took over the same. He 
had no interest whatever in the premises kept by Mr. Whymper, in 
Burdett Road, E., but he had for some time workshops in 
Brandon Street, which he gave up some months ago. Mr. John Lees 
joined him in partnership in June, 1892, and this was dissolved a year 
Jater, the debtor himself taking over all the liabilities and assets, and 
agreeing to pay his partner back the money he brought in (£750) by 
weekly irs'alments. At the time of the dissolution no balance-sheet 
was prepared. He (the debtor) first ascertained that he was in financial 
difficulties a few days before he called a meeting of his creditors, and 
then because of a writ. He considered-his failure due to losses to the 
extent of £1,400 incurred during the partnership. A substantial part 
of this was due to his having carried on an unprefitable trade in 
Brandon Street on a particular class of goods. 

The debtor was then asked a number of questions with reference to 
his wife’s connection with the business, in the course of which he ex- 
plained that she formerly conducted the canopy department of his 
perambulator factory. In December last she took premises at Haver- 
stock Hill, and openedthem in her own name asa domestic machi- 
nery store, and bought goods both of himself and other wholesale 
dealers. They were called the Haverstock Hill Cash Machine Stores, 
and the name of Lloyd did not appear therecn. All firms supplying 
goods knew that they were for Mrs. Lloyd. Both he and his 
wife lived at these premises. Mrs. Lloyd had made him a number of ad- 


vances for his business in the Borough. As to the household furniture | 


removed from the Borough to Haverstock Hill, most of this was pur- 
chased athis former bankruptcy by his wife. The last loan he 
received from Mrs. Lloyd was in September, and the last repayment 
in October, before he knew of his insolvency. All the amounts figure 
in the books ot the firm. 

In reply to further questions, the debtor said that no goods were 
supplied to his wife under cost. The gift of 4200 to Mrs. Lloyd is 
explained in this way: His partner actually brought into the business 
£1,0co, but £250 was not to be considered as partnership capital. 


Thus in June, 1892, he hadasum of £250 at his disposal, £200 of | 


which he gave to hiswife. It was certaimly not intended as a loan 
sa'dthe debtor, in reply to the trustee, as he con-idered that he owed 
it to hiswife. Mrs. Lloyd had paid him for the goods she had for 
her business at Haverstock IJill, which business was sold in June 
last. 

The public examination of the debtor was then close. 
JACOB SAMUEL BROUDY, furniture dealer, &c., 41, Chee.ham 

Hill Road, Cheetham, Manchester. 

Deed of arrangement, dated November 17th, filed November 24th. 
Unsecvred liabilities, £214 15s. 5d. Assets, £20. The Midland 
Perambulator Company are creditors for £16. 








JAN. 1, 1894. 


MENDEL BLANK, furniture dealer, &c., 17, Bridge Street, Runcorn. 
A deed of arrangement, dated November 15th, was filed on 
November 22nd in the above matter. Unsecured liabilities £776 17s., 
and estimated net assets £160. Among the creditors are : — 
s. 
Midland Perambulator Company, Birmingham ... 10 oO 
Varley & Wolfenden,‘Keighley ... 600 Io oO 
Holmes, Pearson, & Co, Keighley 0 oo, tg} © 
Smith, Marks, & Co., Keighley 50 iit - @) 


JOSIAH GLADWELL, cycle and machine agent, Quarry Stree 
Guildford. 

In theabove matter, which was an arrangement, a first and finil 
dividend of 5s. in the pound has just been paid. Tbe trustee's re- 
muneration was £13 I2s., the total receipts £123 17s. 5d., anl the 
liabilities 4347 8s. 5d. 

SIDNEY BALLARD, draper, &c., High Street, Godalming. 

At a private meeting of creditors held herein recently, it was decided 
that the debtor should file his petition in bankruptcy. Among the 
creditors are : — 

aS 


Grit/ner Machine Co , Limited, Durlach... 22 17 10 
Jones’ Sewing Machine Co., Limited, Manchester 28 4 8 
Hardstaff, T., Nottingham ... oY 2) 3) 
Coleman, C., & Co., London Bo) BB 





eo°0a 





COUNTY COURT JUDGMENTS were registered against Wm. 
James Rae, Jate perambulator manufacturer, 3, Hamilton Road, 
Reading, for £13 12s. 11d. on October 27th, and against Henry 
Scuthwell, wringing machine dealer, of Heap Bridge. Bury, for 
£13 Ios. 34. on October 23rd. 


A BILL OF SALE, dated December Ist, was filed on December 7th, 
by Job McKeown, sewing machine manufacturer, 59, 63, and 65, 
Long Millgate, Manchester, in favour of Joseph Brown (trustee), 
the same being a settlement in trust for wife, &c., of household 
furniture at 63, Long Millgate, aforesaid, and life policy. 


THE TRAVE SMOKING CONCERT, 


On the 7th ult. there was held at the Salutation Hotel, Newgate 
Street, London, E.C., the third smoking concert of the sewing machines 
and kindred trades. The committee was composed of the following 
gentlemen, viz., Messrs. Charles Bradbury (Grimme, Natalis & Co.), 
R. C. Carpenter (The Thomas Sewing Machine Company), Thos. C. 
Cole (American Wringer Company), W. J. Harris (W. J. Elarris 
& Co., Limited), Geo. H. Hughes (Geo. H. Hughes), R. J. Johns 
(Branston Two-Reel Sewing Machine Company), James A. Jackson 
(Bradbury & Co., Limited), Henry Nash (Star Manufacturing Com- 
pany), Geo. W. Phillips (Vertical Feed Sewing- Machine Comrany), 
Joseph Powell (Wheeler and Wilson Manufacturing Company), 
George Sawyer (White Sewing Machine Company), H. E. Tudor 
(Solicitor to the H.T.P.A.), and Mr. Samuel J. Sewell, secretary. 

Mr. Geo. D. Philips (Yertical Feed Sewing Machine Company) was 
appointed to take the chair, with Mr. Geo. Sawyer as vice, but both 
these gentlemen were, at the last moment, to their great regret, unable 
tole present. Able substitutes were, however, found in the persons 
of Messrs. James A. Jackson (Bradbury & Co., Limited) and R. J. 
Johns (Cherry Tree Machine Company). 








The concert was well attended and passed offina highly satisfactory 
manner, largely due to Messrs. Jackson and Charles Bradbury, to whose 
hands the musical arrangements were confided. Professional talent 
only was engaged, and this included Messrs. Richard Coltman (bari- 
tone), H. Hicks (tenor), and Fred. W. Stephens (comic), who were 
accompanied on the piano by Mr. L. Stanley Overton. All these 
artists gave the greatest possible satisfaction, as, too, did Mr. E. 
Dennett in several short recitations. Among the best items on the 
programme were performances on the silver bells by Mr. R. B. 
Hopkins, whose skill is simply remarkable, and was received with 
enthusiastic applause. A ventriloquial entertainment given by Mr. 
Frederic Russell was also one of the “hits” of the evening. 

As the evening was drawing to a close several votes of thanks were 
passed,in which Messrs. Powell, Cole, Bradbury, Jackson, Johns, Car- 
penter, Snow and H.M. Scott took part. A number of gentlemen were 
present from the Continent, including the Messrs. Stoewer andMr. 
Peth, and the latter replied to toast of ‘Our Foreign Visitors.” The 


_ proceedings were brought to a close shortly after 11 p.m., after having 
| lasted nearly four hours. 


The programme was specially designed by Mr. Frank Jackson, and 
generally considered as showing exquisite taste. ; 





OLS. Our Cash Prices for Sewing Machine Oils 
are: 20z. I4S., 3 0z. I6s., 4 0z. 18s. per gross, in panelled 
bottles. Oil guaranteed the best, or oils matched.—Address, The 
“© Manager,” Lady Bridge Oil Works, 54, Spring Street, Hull. 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Iron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Bassi- 
nettes,and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
pad best workmanship at low prices for 
> cash, 





UNPRECEDENTED SUCCESS. 


WORLD'S FAIR, CHICAGO 
THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO. 


OBTAINED 





AND THUS SECURED 


THE FIRST POSITION 
AMONG THE LARGEST NUMBER OF EXHIBITORS 


That have ever been brought together at any Exhibition. 


THIS GREAT TRIUMPH 15 LARGELY DUE 10 
SrirtiNnGeEAR’sS 


NEW HOUSEHOLD SEWING MACHINES 


ich for Rapid and Noiseless Working, 
Sale city of Parts, Beauty Be = tch, and Mar-~ 


vellous Pr oductio ons in Art Work, 


A Souree of the Greatest Surprise and Interest 
To the USERS of EARLIER STYLES. 


THE SINGER MANUFACTURING C0. 


39, “FOSTER “LANE, CHEAPSIDE, “LONDON, ES. 


And 557 Branch Offices throughout Great Britain & Ireland. 





- 1892 





3 ¢ The Journal of Domestic Appliances. 

















The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal b« 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


21,697. G. H. Colley and The Weeks Colley Manufacturing Com- 
pany; for improvements in sewing machines. 

21,712. EE. J. Franck, for improvements in knitting machines. 

21,851. T. Cowburn, for improvements relating to the sewing 
of leather and other articles. 

21,941. K. L. Skinner, a communication from D. W. Gardner, o 

United States, for a new or improved sewing stitch. 

21,948. J. Fennah, for improvements in and relating to mail-carts 
for children. 

21,956. S. H. Crocker, for a new or improved thread knotting and 
cutting device. 

22,230. J. Anderson and H. Craig, for improvements in and relating 
to circular knitting machines. 

22.392. W. J. Ford, fof improvements in circular knitting 
machines. 

. 22,466, A. Bianchi, for improvementsin or relating to children’s 
mail-carts and the like. 

22,585.- E. Palmer, for improvements in children’s mail-carts. 

22,988. E. Bennett, for improvements in brakes for perambula- 
tors. 

23,036. H. H. Lake,a communication from G. Caspani of Italy, 
for improvements in motors for driving sewing machines and other 
apparatus. 

23,040. R. Steiner, for improvements in lock-stitch sewing 
machines. 

23,290. F. B. Barthel, for improvements in lamps for sewing 
machines. ~~ 

23,481. J. Haas and R. Lintz, for improvements in sewing 
machines. 

23,699. F. J. Gray, for improvements in the construction of 
perambulators. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 


20,067. Sewing Machines. A.G. Brookes, a communication from 
K. Fogel; of Chelsea, Mass., U.S.A. Dated November 7th, 1892. 

The object of this invention is to improve the construction of sewing 
machines, whereby novel stitching composed of several threads, may 
be made in any part of material to be stitched, #.e., the stitch may be 
used to produce a strong ornamental seam, either in the body of the 
material, or along an edge. 

20,618. Fancy Stitch Sewing Machines. W. A. Robertson, of 
Newtownards, co. Down, Ireland. Dated November 15th, 1892. 

The improvements consist in constructing a sewing machine with two 
or more needles, and a corresponding number of shuttles or loop- 
takers, which, while working in union, are made to approach and 
recede from each other in lateral directions for the purpose of producing 
at one operation, and with greater precision, a series of fancy stitches, 
such as double or triple hemstitch, or double hemstitch with a row of 
what is known as spoking or sparring between, and other stitches of a 
like nature, such stitches having been produced hitherto by a series 
of operations on one-needle machines. 

20,200. Sewing Machines. F.Maginn, of Lower Broughton, and 
J. Shovelton, of Manchester. Dated December 5th, 1892. 

Consiststs in (1) an improved method of, and means for, communi- 
cating motion from the hand-wheel spindle to the needle-bar, and to 
the lock-forming device for the lower thread. (2) The substitution for 
the reciprocating rotary or oscillating shuttle of a stationary spool 
holder in which an ordinary reel ball spool or bobbin of thread may be 
empleyed. (3) Animproved construction and arrangement which enables 
eon to produce either the ordinary lock-stitch, a chain-stitch, 
ora-lock-chain-stitch at will; and (4) an improved means of securing 
the needle in the needle-bar. 

22,388. Sewing Machines, C. W. Allen and T. R. Rossiter, both 
of the firm of Chappell, Allen, & Co., London. Dated December 6th, 


The object of this invention is to provide in sewing machines two or 
more lines of stitching means whereby the distance apart of the lines 
can be varied. 

23,817. Circular Reversible Knitting Machines. W.J. Ford, of 
Humberstone, Leicester. Dated December 24th, 1892. 

The object of tbe improvements are (1) to enable spliced goods 
to be made without cutting or breaking the splicing thread, and (2) to 
provide an improved arrangement of driving gear so that in the event 
of an extra thick portion of the splicing yarn being presented to the 
needles so as to clog them, the latter instead of breaking, will be 
thrown out of action by the stoppage of the machine. 

16,610. Circular Knitting Machines. S. Davis & J. Lee, both of 
Hinckley, dated September 4th, 1893. 


JAN. 1, 1894. 


_ The object of this invention is to provide improved mechanism for 
introducing a splicing thread into the knitted fabric at those places 
which require to be thickened. It consists mainly in the combination 
with a circular knitting machine of a rotary splicing device, comprising 
a spring clip adapted when released to trap and sever the splicing 
thread, the clip being controlled by fixed or adjustable cam-like pieces 
or stops. 

18,568, Cross Hem Stitch Sewing Machine» F.Gegaux & J. G. 
Gegaux, of Steckborn, Switzerland, dated October 4th, 1893. 

Relates to improvements in apparatus used to effect the cross hem 
stitch now so generally used in bordering or hemming handkerchiefs 
and for other purposes. The improvements relate primarily toa novel 
arrangement in connection with the needles, and secondly to the feed 
and to the pressure plate appliances. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 


IssUED AND DATED NOVEMBER 7TH, 1893. 
508,031. W. A. Mack, Cleveland, Ohio, sewing machine tables. 
508,205. G.H. Coburn and A. W. Stone, Laconia, N.H., thread 
splicing mechanism for knitting machines. 
508,233. J. I. McDonald, folding guide for sewing machines. 
508,238. W. A. Pridemore, Ironwood, Mich., spool holder for 
sewing machines. 
RE-ISSUE. 
11,378. G. Reid and C. Stevenson, Philadelphia, Pa., automatic 
controlling mechanism for circular knitting machines. 
IssuED AND DATED NOVEMBER I4TH, 1893. 
508,452. E. Vermelyea, Waterford, N.Y., adjustable support for 
the cloth wheels and burr wheels of rotary knitting machines. 
508,512. E. J. Franck, Philadelphia, Norristown, Pa., circular 
knitting machine. 
508,600. G. H. Colley, Jackson, Mich., sewing machine. 
508,715. D. Howell, Yonkers, N.Y., sewing machine. 
IssUED AND DATED NOVEMBER 21ST, 1893. 
508,965. A. McMichael and F. B. Wildman, Norristown, Pa., 
circular knitting machine. 
509,062. G, F. Wells and M. J. Sparks, Philadelphia, Pa., sew- 
ing machine attachment. 
509,243. J. A. Parr, Amsterdam, N.Y., striping attachment for 
circular knitting machines. , 
509,283. H. S. Becker, Charlottesville, Va., stop motion for 
knitting machines. 


T° MANUFACTURERS.— A_ Gentleman well 

acquainted with the Sewing Machine, Bicycle, and Perambulator 
Trades has a splendid opening for those goods, on Sale or Return, to 
be sold for cash only.—Address, Machinist, 22, Middleboro, Colchester. 


"TRAVELLER WANTED to appoint Purchasing 

Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful invention in 
Knitting Machines before the Trade. Only serious men holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 
Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 


VV ANTED, AGENTS for the NEW ROTHWELL 

CIRCULAR AND FLAT KNITTING MACHINES. 
For terms, &c., apply to W. Rothwell & Co., Limited, Albert Works, 
Bridgman Street, Bolton. 


ST. GEORGE’S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 

Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1893 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, and stove - enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 
was the novelty of the National Show. ‘ 


HARPER TWELVETREES, Manufacturer of 
Laundry Machinery, wishes to appoint a 
SOLE AGENT 
in every Town not yet represented, Liberal Terms tothe Trade for 
cash, or quarterly accounts upon application..~Harper Twelvetrees, 
8, City Road, London. 


Splendid chance for 
Cycle Dealers, Merchants, Shippers & Others. 




















. £6 15 O each 
510 0 , 


20 Pneumatic Safeties 
32 Cushion Tyre Machines . 


24 Solid Tyred Juveniles, 
with 26in. wheels Cte Oe Ok te 


All New. Unscratched. Sample on approval. 
DEREHAM ROAD CYCLE CO., NORWICH. 





TRON ETS, BONRET BOXES, «c. 

Our ‘‘ Competition ”’ Trunks, per set of 4, 22, 24, 27, and 30, 16s. 9d.; The Walworth 
Challenge, ditto, 21s.; Flat Bonnet Boxes, 3 to set, 3s.8d.; ditto Stamped Bonnets, 4s. 2d. ; 
Clocks, splendid value, 18s. doz.; ditto Alarms, 24s. doz., and many other patterns absurdly 


cheap. Perambulator Wheels and Fittings. 


Write Special Lists. 


RICHARD WOODXSONS, ..czecs. BRANDON ST. & WADDING ST., | onnon, se, 


" 


Jan. 1, 1894: and Sewing Machine Gazette. 31 
ect em ee 


THE “SPRAY” WASHER. 


Gold Medal awarded at the Lancashire Industrial Exhibition, 1893. 


(G =} a) 


OZR 
3 


The “SPRAY” is a 
It is the most perfect 


Wringer and Mangle, 
8 8 Washer ever offered, 


with Washing Machine 




















and dealers have a 



































attached, and takes up 
































splendid opportunity 

















no more room than the 
to make money by 
ordinary Mangle, It 
introducing it to their 
works well, quickly, 
customers. 
and very easy, and 
: Catalogue and trade 

is as easy to work full 
terms on application, 





as empty. 


Se (G26 0) ee 


Sole Manufacturers—THE CHERRY TREE MACHINE CO., CHERRY TREE, near BLACKBURN. 
London Showroom, &.—R, J, JOHNS, 59, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C. this 


BAER & RENMMPEL, 
Bielefeld, Germany. 






































=~ 




















ac 


































































































































































































































































































































































































‘ Saati Sean < = = = = 
Rotary Motion Triumphant ! THE PH@NIX SPOOL MACHINES, for Family Use and 
Manufacturing Purposes, are the most SILENT, the most RAPID, and the most DURABLE 


Sewing Machine in existence. WRITE FOR PARTICULARS. 
= SOLE AGENCY for Unoccupied Territory in England, Scotland, and Ireland will be given to responsible parties. 


General Wholesale Agent for the United Kingdem: C. LOHMANN, 36, Aldersgate Street, E.C. 


32 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Jan, 1, 1894: 
5 d Noa , 


a Jae 


‘Eelipse: 


HAND MACHINE 


eRape 


























aS aa 




































































































































































































































































x TH 


SIMPLE lie STRONG 




































































it pays AGENTS and SHIPPERS much better to handle this machine in 
preference to any other, and no dealer's stock is complete without it. 
Once tried always bought. a 
SHIPPERS specially invited to write for sample Machine and terms. 


_OHIETENO 8pCC en em 
Manufacturers and patentees of the “ECLIPSE” MEDIUM FAMILY 
OSCILLATOR AND FAMILY HAND SEWING MACHINES. 


er A rk SAT oan na 
THE“ ECLIPSE” KNITTING MACHINE, The QUICKEST and BEST 
Machine in existence for MANUFACTURING AND DOMESTIC USE. 
SiMPLE. IN GONSTRUCTION, EASY TO LEARN, and LIGHT RUNNING. 


Cond for Ilustrated Lists and Wholesale Terms to the 


ole Manufacturers: 


Tue “ECLIPSE” MACHINE CO., OLDHAM, 


(LATE SHEPHERD, ROTHWELL, & HOUGH). 





Jan. t, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 33 


VARLEY & WOLFENDEN, 


KEIGHLEY, ENGLAND, 


SOLE 
MANUFACTURERS 
OF THE 


CYCLOPS 
Lockstitch 
=) Sewing Machines * 


FOR 
Domestic 
and Manufacturing 
Purposes 
Also Manufacturers 
of Wringing and 
Mangling Machines. 




















































































































































































































These Machines are 
made from the Best 
Materials, and cannot 
be surpassed tor excel- 
lency of finish and 
durability. 


SHIPPING ORDERS 
EXECUTED ON THE : 
SHORTESE NOTICE. —— 








THE 


Vietoria Manufacturing Co, 
Head Office and Works— 


18 to 82, HANOVER ST., and 74, CATHEDRAL ST., GLASGOW. 


CYCLES, 
The Best and Cheapest in the Market ; up to date in every respect, with Dust Proof Barrel Brackets. Light 
Weight and High-class Finish a Specialty. Good Discounts to Agents. Write for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms ; 
you will find it to your advantage. 








SEWING MACHINES. 


Unequallea for Easy Running. Handsome Appearance and Perfect Stitch. Cheapest in the Trade. 
Special Machines for all Classes of Work. Agents are invited to Write for Prices and Terms. 





Other Two New Clothes Wringers 
added to our already numerous Household 
Specialities. 


‘THE NEW METROPOLITAN,” 


AND 


“THE ROYAL DOMINION.” 


We can with confidence recommend these Machines as the BEST 
and CHEAPEST Wooden Hrame Clothes Wringers of 
American Design in the Market, and Machines which 
Sor quality of material and workmanship cannot possibly 
be surpassed. 







































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Complete Design Sheets and Trade Prices on 
Application to 


THE ACME MAGHINE CO., 


HENRIETTA STREET, 
GLAS Gow . 




















34 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


























Jan. 1, 1894. 
SPECIALITIES. 


SACK, SAIL, 


TARPAULIN, & 
BELT SEWING MACHINES, 


OSCILLATOR, : 
MEDIUM, 
FAMILY, & 





HAND Sewing Machines, 











































































KILTING, CASING, AND 








WRINGING MACHINERY. 

































































































































(ESTABLISHED 1867.) 


SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS, 


BOJHWELL CIRCUS, GLASCOW. 


Branches— 


62, Reform St., DUNDEE, and ifa, Norfolk St. MANCHESTER 
56, Aldermanbury, LONDON, E.C. 





PRAM RUGS, GOAT SKIN. PRAM RUGS, GOAT SKIN. 


From 16s. per dozen. 


White, Grey, Black or Brown Skins, mounted on different colour 


Cloths with pinked borders. 
Send 21s. for assorted sample dozen, and four sizes. 


SPECIAL TERMS TO FACTORS. 


WHOLESALE ONLY. 


HANDEL WHEATLEY, EVESHAM. 


TO INVENTORS. 


General Patent Office. Fstablished 1830. 
G. F. REDFERN & CO. 


4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBURY, 


LONDON. 

ROVISIONAL PROTECTION for 9 months under the 
Pp new Act, £3 3s.; to complete the Patent for 4 years, 
47 7s. French Patent, including first year’s tax, £8; 
Belgian Patent, 44; Imperial German Patent, £10 10s. ; 
United States Patent, including all expenses for tlie whole 
term, £17 10s. Circular of ii ormation as to the mode of 
proceeding in applying for Letters Patent, cost of European 
Patents generally, and also of Colonial Patents, forwarded 
apon application. Trade Marks and Designs registered in 
England and Abroad. [Telephone No. 169. 


REGISTERED TELEGRAPHIC ADDREsS:~ INVENTION, London.” 



















NEG 


FROM 16/- UPWARDS, 


Cx rx 


PATENTEE AND MANUFACTURER OF 


PERAMBULATORS, Bassinettes, Invalid Carriages, &c., 


187 and 18S, GOOCH STREET, 
BIRMINGHAM. 


Ys? Gi R, P. has had over 2) years’ practical experience in the manufacture of Perambulators, 
Send for Illustrated Price Lise. 


Liberal Terms to Dealers 





































































































Hire Agreement Forms fo 





Perambulators on Easy Terms, 


SEWELL & Co, 


28, Paternoster Row, London. 


HIRE AGREEMENT FORMS. . 


The best form compiled, used by most of the trade.. 
Price 6d. per dozen, 3/9 per 100. 


HIRE INSTALMENT CARDS. 


Strongly bound instalment cards with the hire 

terms at the back. Price 1/- per dozen, 7/6 per 100. 

Dealer’s name and address printed if required 
extra charge, 2s. 


Sewell « Co., 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


PRICK, 


Fes. 1, 1894, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


ir 





SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS « 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 
description 
and 
quality, 
to 
suit 
all 
Trades. 










Send a Pcst Card for our 
New 76-page Price 


List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 








Londen Agent— 
Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 


39, Holborn 


Viaduct, 
E.C. 





> 





TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE. 


G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, SAMPLES, ete, Post Free. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—3d. par Word ; Minimum, 6d. 





K ING’S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 18, 
Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 
terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 


Silver Watches, &c , &c. 
GINGERS’ Medium and Family, 2s. per gross, large 
quantities cheaper; other makes cheap.—S. Cox & Co., Alcester, 
WANTED, BY ADVERTISER, a situation as 
Manager of Domestic Machinery Depot. Can undertake 


Foremanship of Perambulator Factory. Late with Lloyd & Co., 
Borough, and Mr. H. Webster.—F. Elwards, 42, Formorsa Street, 


Maida Vale, W. 





WANTED, a Re-engagement by energetic Manager. 

Domestic Applance and Sewing Machine Business. 
Thoroughly up in the hire trade West of England preferred.— 
Address, S., care of Sewing Machine (razetle. 


HOUSE FURNISHING. — Wanted, sharp man as 
Junior Salesman, used to hire system.—Apply, stating 
experience, with references, and wages required, 44, High Street, 


Oxford, 
ANTED, SOLE AGENCY for Sewing Machines, 


or would arrange to open branch depot. North Wales 
preferred. Also Knitting Machives, &c., and saleable Novelties suit- 
able for machine shop.—Apply, * H. J.” Sewing Machine Gazette. 


HE ADVERTISER, who is well acquainted with the 
= Domestic Machinery Trade, requires Sewing Machines, Rubber 
Wringers, and Bicyctes, on sale or return, to be sold for cash only. 
Good window in one of the leading norihern towns.—Address, 
“Consignment,” Sewing Machine Gazette. 




















NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 
Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W. 
Ifeath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 


WANTED, one or two good CANVASSERS to sell 

our Mangles, Wringers, &c., on Easy Terms. Good Commissions 
to good men.—Apply, Crouch End Domestic Machinery Stores and 
Cycle Depot, 39, Crouch End fill, N.—T. Arnold, Manager. 








WN CLlceE TO MANUFACTURERS and others.—All 

communicati ns intended for James Priestley, formerly of 48, 
Northgate, &c., Halifax, kindly address to Priestley & Co., Charcoal, 
Laundry, [ron Manufacturers, Sewing and Domestic Machine Dealers, 
&c ,6, Gibbet Street, Halifax. 


PERAMBULATOR TRADE.—Wanted, management 
of Branch Business; 15 years’ experience; thorough practical 
knowledge. — Pram., Sewing Machine Gazette. 


UNT'’S AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING (CNACILIS. 
LAMPS.—The ‘‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 
For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 











Stanley Show. 
Norwich. 
i 
COLLECTOR-SALESMAN, married, seven years’ 
experience, s2eks similar position. Could manage depot, or 
arrange to opsn one. Sold last in sm ul district over 100 high-priced 
machines. Satisfictory reasons for leaving.—Address, ‘* Energy,” 


Sewing Machine Gazette. 


MECHANIC, with thorough knowledge of Sewing 
Machine and Cycle Repairs, requires situation. Good 
references.—Address. A., Sewing Machine Gazette. 


AKERS and REPAIRERS of Machinery.—See the 

“ Tool and Machinery Register” (monthly 2d.), containing 

details of several thousand lots for sale and wanted.— Address, 
Britannia Company, 100, Houndsditch, London, and Colchester. 














14 The Journal of Domestic Appliancés 


THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1s. per quarter, post free, which includes 
2 free copy of the ire Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—es. 6di per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 

Advertisements.—Tariffon Application, All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified bythe twenty fifth of each month. 

Contributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for if so arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information —We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
upplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
tamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 

ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their informaticn. 

In Writing to Us. -Please address all communications either “ Publisher.” or 
“‘ Editor,” at the acdress given below. 

Wire Agreements and Payment Cards-—We supply these to most hire traders, 
Particulars on application 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 

Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as <n invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Local Papers.— Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
lccal papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful Would a// cur readers do likewise? 


fEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C 











Sy] 1 LS ; Vins 4 7 i 
ws B { : f 
EMEA WA OIA Sllizz 
































Mev on During the past month there have been 
Trade. Some slight signs of a revival-in trade, and it 
is to be sincerely hoped that they will 
increase. The latter half of last year was, perhaps, the 
worst ever experienced by the domestic machinery trade. 
Not only was little business done, but dealers found it next 
to impossible to collect their instalments, due in a large 
measure to the coal strike. The pram trade started 
well last year, but the season was phenomenally short, 
so that trade as a whole in 1893 was most unsatisfactory. 
The mangletrade, perhaps, felt the depression the most, 
although the sales of sewing machinesalso fell off toan 
alarming extent. 

The mangle manufacturers have fostered a habit of 
discontent, and are always complaining that they make 
no profits. Yet, as will be seen elsewhere, they have 
reduced their prices 1s. 6d. on even their smallest sizes. 
We confess to having heard of this reduction with feel- 
ings of amazement, as even at the old prices we have 
been assured over and over again that there is no margin 
whatever for profit. Oneof two things is certain, either 
we have been deceived in the past as to the cost of pro- 
duction or the makers are making rapid strides towards 
liquidation. 








MR. HARROP'S ANNUAL SOIREE. 


The sixth annual tea party and soiree given by Mr. John Harrop, the 
well-known perambulator manufacturer, io his employees came off on 
the 5th ult. at the Mechanics’ Institute, Stockport, and was a great 
success. There were about 150 present at tea, including representatives 
of the various departments of the firm. Afterwards Mr. John Harrop 
(the head of the firm) presided, being supported by Mr. George Dudson, 
Mr. Eggington (Cheadle), and the managers of the various departments. 
After the opening song, *‘ Should auld acquaintance be forgot,” had 
been rendered, the Chairman wished all present a happy and prosperous 
new year. It was, he assured them, a pleasure to him to be present at 
that, the fifth of their annual gatherings. Speaking of the friendly 
relations which existed between himself and his employees, Mr. Harrop 
said that the more the masters and employees came together a better 
understanding was arrived at between them. Reverting to the coal 
strike and its effect upon the business of the firm, the chairman said two 
years ago he was of opinion that the Government of the country should 
recognise an Arbitration Board. If theycould submit their differences 
to such a Board he believed that great strikes would cease. A large 
number of people who were not engaged in the coal trade suff-red from 
their effects. The question of strikes ought to become a national ques- 
tion. They were advancing in that direction, and the sooner they 
recognised it the better. Mr. Harrop concluded by hoping they would 
spend a happy evening. Mr. Eggington (of Cheadle), in th: course 
cf a brief address, said he was very pleased to be present that evening. 
Mr. Harrop had, by devotion to business, built up a flourishing concern, 
and he had no doubt that had it not been for depression in trade there 
would have beenavery much larger number present. (Applause.) Mr. 
Eggington spoke in eulogistic terms of Mr. and Mrs. Harrop and family, 
and concluded by wishing them alla happy new year. Then followed 
a music.] entertainment, in which the following took part :-—Messrs. 
Johnson, Bradshaw, Price, Arthur Harrop, Hunt, Sykes, A. Shore, 
Stewart, Bayley, S. Shore. and the Misses Stafford, Pratt, and Goodwin. 
Dancing then commenced to the accompaniment ef Mr. Dean’s band, 
and only ended at three a.m. 


Fr. i, 1894. 








The Story of the Sewing Machine. 
WITH REMINISCENCES, PERSONAL AND GENERAL. 
By NEWTON WILSON. 


CHAPTER XXII. 
L’ExposITION UNIVERSELLE, 1567. 


Napoleon IIJ. had attained the zenith of his fame 
and power when there uprose, on the Champs de Mars, 
the most unstately, ill-designed, inartistic building ever 
constructed for exhibition purposes. 

One huge elliptical iron ring leading nowhere but to 
the point at which the visitor started, in which the 
visitor was ever losing himself, and in which the most 
essential guide being a pocket compass he was for ever 
turning a never-ending corner. This was the 
Industrial Palace of 1867. 

Twelve years had elapsed since the previous exhibition 
was held in the Champs Elysee; but since then the 
intervals have been eleyen years, those succeeding 
being in 1878 and 1889, while the next will, in all proba- 
bility, be in the opening year of the next century. 

The period was fateful; the Emperor had made a great 
and irreparable blunder. Hehad given to the Austrian 
Archduke his support in the disastrous Mexican expedi- 
tion under the command of Marshal Bazaine. J 

Well do I recollect the Sunday before the departure of 
the newly-made Emperor. Walking with an American 
friend in the Bois de Boulogne,a block occurred in the 
great crowd of carriages, that moment my friend, turning 
to me, said, ‘‘ Wilson, look here! Here’s the Emperor; ’ 
and there, within three yards of me the Imperial carriage 
stayed. On the near side, with his back to the horses, the 
Emperor Napoleon faced the Empress Charlotte ; on his 
right was the Emperor Maximilian facing the Empress 
Eugenie. Instantly I doffed my hat, and was rewarded 
by an acknowledging bow from the occupants of the 
carriage. Tomy amazement I saw no cthers showing 
the same mark of respect, and there was no attempt at a 
cheer. : 

“They do these things better in France,” so ’tis sa‘d, 
but I thought how very different would have been the 
reception in England. 

But to return to the exhibition of that year, for it is 
not mine to tell the story of Maximilian’s sad death so 
soon after. 

The space devoted to English sewing machines was 
very narrow, and lay along the inside wall of the ellipse— 
French, German, and American were differently treated 
and much more advantageously ; being arranged in their 
several countries in what might be termed the nave of 
the structure, save the American exhibits, which were 
in a separate annexe in the grounds. 

An American calling at my stand said, “I see only two 
new things in sewing machines here.’’ “ What are 
those?” Lasked. “Your internal gear machine,” said 
he, ‘‘and my invention of ’—I’ve forgotten what. 

But few of those who exhibited on that occasion 
remain at this moment inconnection with the trade. 

The Maison Americaine (Charles R. Goodwin) and 
Charles Callebaut, then large manufacturers in Paris, and 
many others have gone to that sewing machine bourne 
from whence no traveller returneth. 

Amongst the Germans appeared Pollack, Schmidt, & 
Co. This firm made a notable exhibition of artistic cabine* 
work, but they have long since disappeared. Germany 
was at that time making its first efforts in the building of 
sewing machines. Very little credit can be assigned to 
them for mechanical inventions, their energies being 
wholly directed to the reproduction of well-known types 
like the Howe and the Wheeler & Wilson, at that time 
holding high rank in public estimation. The German 
people for a considerable period gave their preference 
to machines of English construction ; nevertheless 
those which they did build were upon the whole 
well constructed and of excellent finish, and to-day 











Fer. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazetie. 13 





the German manufacturer holds more than his own as a 
Tival to British houses. 

A small hand lock-stitch machine, known as the Jack- 
Son, appeared amongst the English exhibits ; it operated 
by a hook in combination with a spool case and spool. 
The present Wheeler & Wilson No. 9 is almost an identi- 
cal re plica of that arrangement. Jackson, who had 
been a mechanic in my employ, achieved quite a little 
success on this occasion, and for some years it had a 
considerable sale. It has long been numbered with the 

ast. 

About the -ame time the “ Little Wanzer’’ appeared. 
Mr. Wanzer wsasa Canadian, and had his manufactory at 
Hamilton, in the Province of Ontario. j 

He had previously introduced into England a more 
important machine in the shape of a Wheeler & Wilson, 
but, working with a shuttle instead of the well-known 
hook and spool, this machine was not calculated to take 
any great hold upon the English market, being somewhat 
noisy. 

The first practical button-hole machine, exhibited by 
the American Button-Hole Machine Co., was in the 
American Annexe, and subsequently established itself in 
Newgate Street, London, The Florence, aiso an Ameri- 
can Machine, with vibrating arm like the Wheeler & 
Wilson, but with shuttle movement, opened premises 
about the same time in Cheapside. 

There was, indeed, a considerable extension and 
enlargement of the trade about thisperiod. The general 
trade being healthy, and the prices remunerative, many 
new varieties appeared, and especially of hand machines. 
The Dorcas and Penelope, two lock-stitch hand machines 
operating with revolving hook andspool case, 
and driven with the internal gear, were produced 
by myself in the year 1868. The Franklin Sewing- 
Machine Company, of Birmingham, conducted by 
Mr. Maxfield, a former manager of mine, brought out the 
Agenoria, a lock-stitch hand machine working with a 
shuttle. This had a very fair sale for a few years, then 
disappeared. The number of different hand machines 
which succeeded one another in rapid succession was in- 
deed legion ; everv large manufacturer or manufacturing 
company made the attempt, with greater or less success, 
to convertthe pedal machineinto a form driveable by hand, 
whilst every small manufacturer had one or more of these 
machines either in chain-stitch orlo-k-stitch: withshuttle 
or with the rotating hock. One of these aspirantsto fame 
was the manufacture of Nussey and Pilling, of Leeds. They 
gave to it the somewhat striking name of “ The Little 
Stranger.” The welcome accorded in the nursery rhyme 
was meted out to the new comer, which, however, pre- 
sented but few precccious features. It had a limited 
growth, flourished for a few years under partial public 

patronage, and then became a “ Great Stranger.” 

Omission must not be made of the shuttle hand 
machine brought out by myself in 1869 under the name 
of the “ Princess of Wales.” Decorated by the‘floralDanish 
emblems, and with the plume in relief on each of the 
scroll shaped corners of the base, it was constructed with 
a regard to taste and form which few of the machines 
could approach. 

I had obtained a large contract for this machine on its 
introduction, from a German house. There was a provision 
made in this contract for its determination in case of war, 
and, unfortunately for me, this took place on the breaking 
out ofthe Franco-German War in 1870. 

The results of that war were not advantageous to Eng- 
lish commerce as far as regards the sewing machine. 

The heavy indemnities paid by France, andthe freedom 
of money in the Fatherland in connection therewith, 
stimulated the establishment of German manufactures to 
an extraordinary extent. 

The Germans aimed at high finish, making no pretence 
to originality of construction. They were content to con- 
fine themselves to the exact reproduction with all the 
English improvements of almost every known type of 
machine. And with the advantages they undoubtedly 
possessed of the proximity of coal and iron, and still more 
by the employment of cheap labour in conjunction with 
long hours, they rapidly obtained an important status, a 
status of which neither American nor English competi- 
tion has been able to deprivethem, They produced the 
best imitations—rather, perhaps, should they be dignified 


by the higher term of reproductions—of th: Wheeler & 
Wilson and the Family Singer forms of machine. In both 
classes they realised distinction; and in the latter 
particularly, the ‘ Singer,” they “ hold the fort ”’ in spite 
of the strongest efforts on the part of the original com- 
pany to dislodge them. 

Loth as I am to admit it, the accuracy expected and re- 
quired from the historian compels me to admit that at 
the present time they have to a very great extent drivea 
out the English manufacturer both here at home and over 
the continent of Europe. 

A single illustration I will give. The Peninsula of Spain 
and Portugal was, 20 years ago, one of the best markets for 
English-made machines. All the large manufacturers had 
extensive connections there. What is the state of things 
to-day? With the exception of the manufactures of 
Kilbowie I know not of any British productions of sewing 
machines that find their way into Spain and Portugal, 
whilst I can learn that whole train loads of German 
machines find ready sale there. 

How is this? Partly the cheapness arising from the 
causes already enumerated, and partly the.lack, of enter- 
prise on the part of the British ma pee fast] y 
the cultivation of finish which pas again y stink, 
guished the German mechanicia oF nc the decadence\\ 
of English trade. FEBI91894 ¥ 

To return ; the period of which,wWe have been w pe 
that from 1867 to 1871 inclusive, ¥ 45 ehAATEN TIVE | pot 
alone by the large introduction of almost amvamcrable 
varieties of the hand machine, some of which appeared for 
a little moment as meteors in the firmament, but which 
were lost and forgotten with almost equal rapidity, whilst 
others possessing a stronger vitality had a more extended 
career, and competition healthy and strong was every- 
where apparent. We have mentioned many varieties of 
the hand machine. One had nearly escaped our notice, and 
yet deserves a reference in these pages, it was the 
“ Tayler,’ a hand machine, somewhat clumsy in outward 
appearance, Operating with a shuttle, having an elliptical 
movement. This was the invention of a banker’s 
clerk of like name, who hailed from Driffield, in York- 
shire. 

A small company conducted the business, the machines 
being made in Hamburg. The company took the premises 
formerly occupied by the Florence, 97, Cheapside. The 
machine was well built, and the company actually 
thought itself of sufficient importance to publish a 
“ Gazette” of its own. 

A few years ago, when at Harrogate, I consulted a 
physician there. To my astonishment he addressed me, 
“Are you the Newton Wilson of London”? He was a 
shareholder and director of the Taylor Sewing Machine 
Company, Limited, and gave me the history of the ill- 
fated company. It had made profits, but they had all 
been absorbed in heavy expenses, and as the trade 
diminished the directors discovered that the whole of their 
property had been frittered away, and the once well- 
known ‘ Taylor’? machine had vanished into air—“ into 
thin air.” Its demise took place about a.p. 1880. 

(Zo be continued,) 













HONOUR TO A SEWING MACHINE MAN. 


The good folk of Kingussie, Inverness, on th2 16th ult., accorded a 
right royal welcome to Mr. P. A. C. Mackenzie, in honour of the title 
of Visconde de Serra Largo, recently bestowed cn him by his Majesty 
the King of Portugal. 

Mr. Mackenzie has for the past eleven years managed the business 
ofthe Singer Manufacturing Company in Brazil, and in that capacity 
visited every town of importance on the east coast of America and 
inland, establishing branches and appointing representatives of the 
Company all along the line of route, and it is largely because of his 
assiduous attention to the extension of business throughout not only th- 
Brazilian territory, but also in Uruguay and Paraguay, that the honour 
has been conferred on him. 

Not only had his connection with the Brazilian Republic reference to 
Singer business, but, by the advice of his friends, he also engaged in 
other concerns, and identified , himself with various banking 
institutions. During his sojourn in Brazil he also formed an additional 
link in his connection with South America by being united in matri- 
mony to the eldest daughter of Commander Jose Maria do Amaral, of 
Para and Rio de Janeiro, one of the leading families in Braz'l. 

The rejoicings by the townsfolk of his birthplace were on a most 
elaborate scale, among which may be mentioned a monster bonfire 
and the playing of pipers. Congratulatory speeches were delivered by 
Mr. Crerar, ex-Provost, to which Mr. Mackenzie suitably responded. 

At the close of the rejoicings the hero of the hour was carried 
shoulder-high to his residence. 











14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





DEATH OF MR. WAEELER. 


We deeply regret to have to announce the death of 
Mr. Nathaniel Wheeler, which occurred on the Ist ult., 
at 6.30 a.m., resulting from the effects of noxious gases 
which escaped from a broken sewer-pipe at his residence 
in Bridgeport, Conn., U.S.A. Thus was closed one of 
the most remarkable careers in the sewing-machine trade, 
not to mention other industries with which he was 
connected. 

Mr. Wheeler was born in Watertown, Conn., on the 
7th of September, 1820, being descended from Moses 
Wheeler, who emigrated from London, England, to New 
Haven in 1638, and, whilst a youth, learned a trade in his 
father’s carriage factory. On attaining his majority 
this business was handed over to him as his own, but 
he soon turned his attention to other articles of com- 
merce, such as buckles, buttons, eyelets, &c., and in- 
venting or improving machinery for their production. 

In 1848 Mr. Wheeler joined the firm which 
became well known as Warren, Woodruff, & Wheeler, 
manufacturers of suspenders, in Watertown. Whilst 
on a visit to New York in the interests of his firm, Mr. 
Wheeler saw a sewing machine made by Allen B. Wilson, 
in the old Sun building, and realising that it had a 
great future, contracted with F. Lee & Co. to make 500 
of them. He also engaged Mr. Wilsoh to go with him 





NATHANIEL WHEELER. 
to Watertown and superintend the manufacture of his 


machine. This machine worked with a two-pointed 
shuttle, and it was not until three years later that the 
rotary hook machine was completed and then patented. 
To manufacture this machine a combination was 
formed consisting of Messrs. Warren, Wheeler, Woodruff, 
and Wilson, under the style of Wheeler, Wilson, & Co. 
But although to Mr. Wilson belongs the credit of having 
invented the rotary hook, to Mr. Wheeler is due much 
credit for the successful manner in which it was introduced 
to the public. One of his first steps was to take the 
machine to O. F. Winchester, of Winchester rifle fame, 
and try to get him to test it in his shirt factory. That 
gentleman, however, refused to examine the machine ; but 
after Mrs. Wilson had madea shirt on it, Mr. Winchester 
came round, and even purchased the rights in the machine 
for New Haven county. Shortly afterwards J. Gardner, 
a large Troy shirt manufacturer, purchased for £600 one- 
half of the right to sellthe machine in Rensellaer county. 
Mr. Wheeler continued to meet with success as the reward 
of intelligent industry until October, 1853, when the 
Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company was organised, 
with a capital of £32,000, of which amount £ 20,000 was 
purchase-money for the patents, and the balance went 


Fes, 1, 1894. 





for the factory, plant, and stock. Outside parties sub- 
scribed for £14,000 of stock at par, giving notes for the 
stock, which notes were never cashed, as the dividends 
declared were sufficient to liquidate these notes as they 
became due. Mr. Wilson did not long remain with the 
company after its organisation, but continued for years 
to be paid a regular salary, in addition to considerable 
sums in respect of patent rights. In 1856 the Wheeler 
& Wilson Manufacturing Company removed their factory 
to Bridgeport, where it still stands, with a capacity of 
500 per day, and is fairly depicted in our illustration. 

As is well known, the pioneers of sewing machines 
attached more importance to a factory or manufacturing 
trade than to popularising it for the home. Mr. Wheeler, 
however, at an early date calculated upon a large domestic 
demand, and has always made this a special study, 
whilst not neglecting any brauch of the manufacturing 
trade. 

In 1856 was formed the great combination, consisting of 
the Singer, Wheeler & Wilson, and Grover & Baker 
Companies, which was organised by Mr. Wheeler, and 
had a useful career. This combination, be it said, had 
for its object the stoppage of litigation between its mem- 
bers, and to license any responsible person to manufacture 
sewing machines on payment of a royalty of three 
dollars per inachine. 





ALLEN B. WILSON. 


There is much more that might be said of this extra- 
ordinary man did space permit, not forgetting the 
numerous honours which have been thrust upon him 
both at home and abroad. As our readers well know, in 
1873 he was awarded by the Emperor of Austria the 
Cross of Francis Joseph I., and as recently as 1889 the 
French Government presented him with the Cross of the 
Legion of Honour, with the rank of Chevalier. But Mr. 
Wheeler was throughout life an extremely modest man, 
and is only known once to have worn his Austrian 
decoration. He found time, however, to apply himself 
to municipal matters, and was State Senator in 1873 and 
1874. It was also geuerally recognised that a seat in 
Congress or the Governorship of the State was always 
within his reach should he have desired the same. But 
Nathaniel Wheeler was essentially a commercial man, 
and took a real pride in the sewing machines turned out 
by his company, which he was always seeking to improve 
or adapt to new branches of industry. We have 
previously mentioned his ingenuity as regards manu- 
facturing plant, and were we to describe all his inventions 
it would require lengthy space. As showing their 
catholicity, we might state that these included power 
transmitters, needle-eye polishing, wood-filling com- 


Fes. 1, 1894. 


pounds, ventilators for railway cars and houses, cabinets, 
&c. At his death he was a director cf several commercial 
concerns, and although his speculations outside the sewing 
machine trade were not always successful, his wealth is 
computed at £260,000. Hewas a Democrat in politics 
and an Episcopalian in religion, and although disliking 
mere display had a partiality for fast horses. 

Mr. Wheeler was twice married, his first union being 
with a Miss Bradley in 1842, which lasted until her death 
in 1857. His second wife was Miss Mary E. Crissey, 
who survives him. There survive two children, one 
Samuel H., of Chicago, and a daughter, of the first, and 
Archer Crissey and William Bishop, twins, born in 1864, 
of the second marriage. 

The deceased was borne to his last resting place in the 
Mountain Grove Cemetery, Bridgeport, on the ard ult., 
amid universal signs of respect, and we might add that 
on that day the whole of his company’s premises in this 
country were closed. The pall-bearers were the follow- 
ing :—Messrs. Dimond, Eames, Turney, Laubscher, 
Warner, and Dial, all in the Wheeler & Wilson service, 
and among those present were representatives of numerous 
societies and corporations with which Mr. Wheeler had 
been connected during his half century of busy com- 
mercial life. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 


use of his workshop. Meanwhile, he had executed draw- 
ings in exfenso of his proposed invention, which, on 
being shown to friends, was laughed at, so he had 
nothing more to say until April 1st, 1849, when, having 
capitalized his acquired opportunities, he completed the 
building of his machine, which—as he was not skilled in 
the working of metal—was by no means of such tinished 
construction as could be wished, neither did it show to the 
best advantage the precise ‘ action ” involved in the inven - 
ion ; but, nevertheless, it attained the great deszderatum, 
and despite its many drawbacks it was successfully usedin 
making garments. Jnthe following month Mr. Wilson 
left Pittsfield for North Adams, Mass., where, not being 
aware of the existence of any sewing machine other than 
his own, he built a second and a more perfect one, but such 
was the reception he met with that he could not for some 
time obtain sufficient money to take out a patent, his in- 
vention being received with ridicule. He was ultimately 
successful, however, in securing two hundred dollars for 
a halfinterest in the patent, and this being paid by Mr. 
J. N. Chapin, of North Adams, he forthwith took 
steps to secure the patent of his machine. It cost him 
some four hundred dollars and a considerable amount of 
time to do so, and it was not granted until November 12th, 
1850. 
















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































THE WHEELER AND WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY’S FACTORY. 


eee - 


MR. WHEELER'S PARTNER—ALLEN 
B. WILSON. 


It is generally known that it was Allen B. Wilson who 
invented the rotating hook machine, and it might be well, 
since he worked so long and successfully with Mr. 
Wheeler, whom he preceded to the grave, to unite the 
two in our biography. Mr. Wilson was born in 1827, 
and twenty years later we find that he is greatly exer- 
cised in the conception ofa machine that was ultimately 
to create for itselfan epoch in the history of mechanical 
invention. At the time a journeyman cabinet maker, 
the subject of our sketch laboured under the dual hard- 
ships of straitened circumstances and ill-health, from the 
effects of which latter he never fully recovered ; but, 
notwithstanding, he persevered and mentally elaborated 
his ideal of a sewing machine through the many events 
that transpired prior to the actual construction of the 
same, which did not take place till the early part of 1849. 
After a very trying time at Willitt, N.Y., he went in May, 
1848, to work in a cotton mill at Homer, and from 
thence, after having earned enough money to enable him 
so to do, he reached New York, where he obtained work 
as a cook on a vessel, and after a little migrated to Boston, 
but ina few weeks sought fresh work and obtained it 
in Pittsfield, there entering the service of Messrs. Barnes 
& Goodrich, and working at his profession. This was 
in August, 1848, but so busily engaged was he that it was 
not until six months later that he succeeded in getting 
his evenings free for his own labours, and, in addition, the 





Shortly after this Mr. Wilson and Mr. Chapin were both 
unfortunate enough to be deluded by some New York 
sharps into making over half the patent rights to them 
on the pretence that they had a right to certain parts of 
the invention ; but after a few months the falsity of the 
claim was fully established, and the partners left free to 
their patent rights, which were at last taken up by a few 
business men, who eventually founded the Wheeler & 
Wilson Sewing Machine Company. 

Mr. Wilson’s first machine operated by means of a twvo- 
pointed shuttle and an ingenious feeding apparatus, and 
was so arranged that the material could be pressed upon 
the cloth plate by a spring foot, and thecloth carried in 
any direction either straight or curved, which, as will 
readily be seen, is the basis of the modern style of feed, 
the importance of which, and the credit therefore due tu 
Mr. Wilson for its invention, cannot be magnified. But 


BRONSON POTTER. 


It is with sincere regret that we have this month to 
chronicle the death, in his 71st year, of one of the most 
prominent men connected with the sewing machine trade 
of America—the Hon. Orlando Bronson Potter—-in New 
York, on the 2nd ult., the cause being an apoplectic fit 


16 


with which he was suddenly seized in the street, death 
ensuing before medical aid could be summoned. 

Beyond his business connections, Mr. Potter was 
prominently identified with public affairs, being the 
originator of the now existing American national banking 
system, the plans for which he submitted in 1861 to the 
Treasury, and that body adopted the same almost em. 
con, in 1863. Not only was it by his efforts that this 
great boon became law, but his voice was often heard 
when mercantile interests were the subjects of legislation. 
In 1882 he was elected to Congress, and in 1886 refused 
the mayoralty of New York City. He was also very 
generous and philanthropic. 

Mr. Potter was first engaged in the sewing machine 
trade in 1851 in the employment of Messrs. Grover & 
Baker, and seeing these gentlemen were in want of 
capital he sunk what he had in the business, and under- 
took the mahagement of the financial and legal parts of 
it, in both of which departments his energetic business 
capacity was crowned with success, the concern by his 
efforts becoming one of the most profitable in the trade. 
A charter was obtained by what had developed into The 
Grover & Baker Sewing Machine Company in 1854, 
Mr. Potter having the honour of being its first and only 
president, in addition to which he acted as general 
manager, and in that capacity had every detail, large or 
small, at his fingers’ ends. When the company retired 
from active business in 1876, Mr. Potter severed his con- 
nection with the trade. Whilst the head of the Grover & 
Baker Company he was intimately connected with the 
famed ‘‘ combination”; indeed, he was credited with its 
inception, whilst, as a matter of fact, during its existence 
he was virtually the controller of its movements, and as 
such was largely responsible for the onward and successful 
progress of the sewing machine trade in America. 

Ever interested in all matters connectional with the 

-sewing machine, he was always proud of the part he had 
taken in what he considered to be an eminently honour- 
able business, in the history and progress of which he was 
exceptionally conversant. One of his chief triumphs with 
the ‘combination ”’ was the direction of the legal work 
necessary to sustain their patents, and when we say that 
he contested over two hundred cases, many of them with 
subtle complications, and won all, some conception of 
the painstaking and precise characteristics of the man 
can be gained. 

It is interesting to note that the originator in America 
of the Potter family was an Englishman, who emigrated 
from London about 1635, and settled in Connecticut. 

Those attending the funeral represented the N.Y. 
Board of Trade, Stock Exchange, Chamber of Commerce, 
and many other prominent municipal and commercial 
bodies, private firms, &c. 

Mr. Potter’s estate has been computed to be worth 
four million pounds sterling. 








THE TWO DEATAS. 


Our esteemed New York contemporary, Zhe Sewrng 
Machine Times, contains the following comments on the 
deaths noted in another column :—- 


The death of Mr. Wheeler and Mr. Potter, so near together, seems 
more of a coincidence to those mutually acquainted with both men 
than it is likely for a stranger to consider it. The two men were 
nearer together than any of the other early managers. The mutual 
interests that were found in Wilson’s and Grover & Baker’s four 
motion feed patents, both covering the same features, first brought 
them together. For severai years the legal war between the Howe 
interest and the opponents cemented the union, and after the Albany 
agreement brought the Singer company into the combination the fight 
against the small infringers still kept up was mostly on the patents 
belonging to these two. Thus it was that they had more common 
interests and were more together than others of the combination, and 
a strong personal friendship ensued. 

Mr. Potter was much affected by Mr. Wheeler's death. He talkeda 
great deal on Monday about Mr. Wheeler and their former relations, 
and was‘to review many of the incidents ofthe past. To one visitor he 
spoke of the fact that he was the last of the prominent actors in 
early days, naming over those who were gone, and commenting on 
their connection with the trade. 

@ne knowing all the circumstances cannot help noticing the fact that 

two lives running so nearly parallel should end together. 
" With the death of Mr. Potter following sosoon that of Mr. Wheeler, 
all those who were conspicuous in forming and establishing the policy 
that fostered, protected, and built up the great sewing machine indus- 
try of this country have passed away. 

And, with the exception of Mr. Grover, all the active heads of the 

anufacturing concerns that were representatiye of this industry in its 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Fes. 1, 1894 


early days, and that survived the struggles of pioneer enterprise to 
make a continued success, are also gone. 

Warren and Woodruff and Wheeler and Wilson made the Wheeler 
& Wilson Manufacturing Company; Grover and Baker and Potter 
made the Grover & Baker Sewing Machine Company; Singer and 
Clark, and the early partners, Phelps and Zeigler, made the Singer 
Manufactuing Company; and these men, with Howe, made the 
sewing machine business of America virtually that of the world. Now 
all are gone with the one exception named. 

And so itis of the lawyers, who, in the first decade, played abvut as 
important a part in the business as did the inventors and capitalists ; 
they, too, are gone. Not one is left of the judges who decided, or the 
counsel on either side who argued, the great cases on which the battle 
for patent rights was fought. 

A few, and a very few, of the inventors and mechanics whose ingenuity 
and skill contributed to the establishing of the business on the basis it 
finally took, are still alive ; and rather more of those who were in the 
fight, on the other side, whose claims were brushed aside by decisions 
of the court or the other great tribunal, public opinion. But there are 
only a handful altogether. 

It is safe to say that this group of men of whom we are writing have 
done a work and filled a place unique in the history of manufactures, 
creditable to genius and enterprise, beneficial to the humanities, snd to 
progress in the age and in civilization. 

The effects which their work has had in raising the standard of the 
mechanic arts, promoting the economies of life, and giving new com- 
forts and pleasures to the world, may be due largely to the fortunate 
circumstances that they came to the work at a good time—when the 
world was in need, and when new needs were to follow. The sewing 
machine was needed, though the public were slow to believe that fact. 
These men did believe it, and risked their time and money in the 
experiment, which proved the correctness of their judgment. The 
success that followed is a» testimony to ability, energy, and integrity, 
and stamps them as men of genius in its higher sense. 








AN EXPLANATION. 


Many in the trade have noticed a change in the 
stationery of the Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing 
Company the past few weeks—it now bears the words, 
“ Joseph Powell & Co., Agents-General.”” It is therefore 
desirable that we should explain that there is practically 
no change in the method of conducting the business. Mr. 
Powell is now nominally the company’s agent instead of 
being as heretofore their general manager. Our readers 


will recognise in this areturn to the style in force in the 
days of Mr. Richard Hunting. - 














































































































Charles Antcn, late collector for the Singer Company at Brechin, 
has been committed for trial on a charge of haviug embezzled 450, 
the property of his employers, between December, 1892, and December 


last. 
* * 


In the last number of The Nation’s Pride, a periodical issued by the 
Standard Sewing Machine Company, our. attention is called to-two 
facts:—(1) That nogold medals were awarded to anyone at the 1893 
Chicago Exposition, and (2) that the ‘‘Standard” was the only 
Sewing Machine Company in competition who did not subscribe to the 
World’s Fair stock. 

* * 
. * 

Mr. Humphrey Jones, Oil Merchant, &c., 9, Hall Street, Welshpool, 
in applying for the ‘‘ White ’ agency for his district, says, ‘* The Tension 
Indicator (a recent invention) is a great improvement.” He further 
writes ‘I have sold machines of all makes for the past 40 years, 
but I consider the ‘ Peerless’ by far the best and most serviceable 
machine that I have handled.” The “ Peerless,” as our readers know, 
is a hand machine made by the White Sewing Machine Company, 48, 
Holborn Viaduct, E.C. 

* * 

Last month, Louis Kreuz, a canvasser, was sentenced to six 
months, imprisonment with hard labour for embezzling £100 from his 
employers, Hastings, Limited. Se. 

* 

A subscriber asks us for the address of the manufacturer or whcle- 
sale importers of the ‘‘ Fearless” Watch, which he says is of German 
origin, retailing at 2s. 114d. He further wishes to take up the sale of 
any cheap quick-selling novels 

A dealer writes us protesting against the untruths which he says 
travellers are guilty of when trying to take orders. Judging from his 
letter it would appear that these gentry are prone to keep in the dark, 
or to mis-state the length of credit allowed by their firms. - 

x * 


¥* 

A new domestic machinery and cycle instalment concern is 
about to be started in the Barbican, London, E.C., with the title of 
the British Domestic Supply Corporation, Limited. 

ee 


On the 24th ult., Frederick Sumsion was sentenced to eighteen 
months’ hard labour for embezzlement. He-had been in the service 
of Mr. F. C. Darke, of 62, Shepherd’s Bush Road, W., whose employ 
he entered on the expiration of a term of imprisonment for a similar 
offence whilst with Messrs. Brad bury & Co., Limited. 


* 
On another page will be found particulars of an International Exhi- 
bition of Art Furniture, Decoration, and kindred trades, which wi!l be 


Fes. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 17 













j ACHINES if 
BOUDOIR, FAMILY USE, and MANUFACIURING Purposes. 
tr Are the BEST and MOST COMPLETE MACHINES in the Market. xv 
\ MAKE A PERFECT LOCKSTITCH. WILL SEW FROM THE | 
FINEST MUSLIN TO THE STOUTEST CLOTH. i 
Are the most Simple in Construction. The most Silent in Action. 
WOODWORK TASTEFULLY INLAID WITH MOSAIC. 
Ss EE ee 
1,600 Workmen, Yearly Production: Buy no Machine without the above Trade Mark. 


80,000 Sewing Machines, 10,000 Cycles. 






































































































































































































































————— — 


: se aes No.9 High Arm Family Hand Machine.’ Naumann’s No. 14 High Arm Family Hand Machine, with ornamental cover. 
























































































































































Naumann’s No. 26 High Arm Family Naumann’s No. 11 High Arm Family Hand Naumann’s No. 60 High Arm Family "%A2 
Treadle Machine, with inlaid cover. and Treadle Machine, with inlaid cover. Hand and Treadle Machine. Extra finish 
















































































st = = 5 
Naumann’s No. 40 High Arm Family Naumann’s No. 15 High Arm Family Hand Naumann's No. 61 High Arm Family 
Treadle Machine, with ornamental cover. and Treadle Machine, with ornamental cover. Hand and Treadle Macbine. Extra finis h. 


SEIDEL & NAUMANN, 28, wor LANE, LONDON, K.C. 


# SEIDEL & NAUMANN’S CYCLES were Exhibited at the National Cycle Show, Crystal Palace, and gained the Highest Notice of all Cycle Papers. 

Wholesale Department :—First Class Pianos, Self-playing Musical Boxes, 
Musical Instruments, Musical Albums, Etc., Etc. 

RATED PRICE LIST AND FULL PARTICULARS FREE ON APPLICATION. 








ILLUST 



















18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


1 


'f Fes, 1, 1894 





held in the Royal Agricultural Hall, N., from April 11th to the 21st 
inclusive. 
pike 

We have just to hand the first number of the Samokat, the new 
Russian cycling paper. Its proprietor, Mons. Alexandre Orlvosky, 
of 3, Rue de Clinka, St. Petersburg, has, we observe, not only taken 
up the agency for cycles and perambulafors, but also for the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine. 

*« * 

We have recently received a neat advertising pencil from Messrs. 
Gibbon & Co., cycle and sewing machine merchants, of 98, West Nile 
Street, Glasgow, which certainly isa unique production, consisting as it 
does ef a revolving pencil in plated case,with the addition of a calendar 
which is rolled in the Farrel, so that it can be pulled out by a minute 
knob, and bears an advertisement of te firm on the reverse. 

* * 


* 

Messrs. Gibbon, we understand, have the sole representa'ion of the 
Standard Sewing Machine Company in Scotland and the north of 
England, and are doing good business, both domestic. and 
manufacturing. 

core! 

As is usual with them at this season of the year, the Vertical Feed 
Sewing Machine Company, 24, Aldersgate Street, E.C., have been 
advertising by means of an article of general utility. This year they 
issue two neat ivorine articles in the shape of a book-mark and paper 
knife respectively, each of which are of a size convenient for the 
waistcoat pocket, elegant in appearance, and bear the name and address 
of the company in gilt letters. 

ry 

Mr. A. J. Rogers, Maybury Road, Woking, is prepared to take up 
an agency for musical instruments or furniture, to be sold on easy 
terms. 

* * 
* 

On the 29th of December the employees of the Bristol and neigh- 

bouring branches of Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, presented Mr 


C. J. Webb, their district manager, with an illuminated address and 
three suitable gifts, on the occasion of his leaving Messrs. 
Bradbury & Co,, Limited, after ten years’ service in the firm’s Bristol 
depot. Messrs. Scrymgeon, Underwood, Clements, & Cowie, made 
the presentation in suitable words. 
x * 
* 

On the rith ult., before Mr. Commissioner Kerr, at the City of 
London Court, a case was tried in which Mr. T. C. Rance, of Three 
Colt Street, Limehouse, E., sued Miss A. Moore, of 76, Hounsditch, 
for recovery of £1 dejosit paid on a, mail cart. The evidence given 
by the plaintiff showed that he had obtained a mail cart of defendant 
on approbation, leaving the sovereign as deposit thereon, but his cus- 
tomer not liking the car‘, plaintiff returned same, whereon defendant 
refused to return the deposit. The defendant maintained that the 
cart was not had on approval but bought. A verdict for the plaintiff 
with costs was given. 

ba 

For obtaining a mail cart under false pretences from Mr. T. Mar- 
chant, cycle and perambulator dealer, London Road, St. Leonards, 
Phillp Newton Wright was tried, before the Hastings Borough Bencb, 
on the $th ult. The event took place on the 6th ult., when prisoner 
called at prosecutor’s shop and asked for a mail cart for his (prisoner’s) 
father, but on obtaining poss2ssion of it endeavoured to sell it to a 
publican for 7s. 6d. The case was heard fully, and the prisoner was 
committed for trial. 

bap 

Mr. E. C. Stephens has been appointed to the management of 

Bradbury’s Nottingham depot. 


* + 
Messrs. B. Arundel & Son, cycle agents, Rethwell, Leeds, now sell 
perambulators and sewing and washing machines. 
++ * 


A manufacturer asks us to insert an inquiry as to the present address 
of Mr. William Perry, sewing machine dealer, late of 607, High 
Road, Tottenbam. 





SEIDEL & NAUMANN'S MANUFACTURES. 


In a previous issue we gave our readers an account of the ceremony 
n connection with Seidel & Naumann’s celebration of their 25th anni- 
versary. We now hear that within the past few weeks they have 
completed the manufacture of 3} million sewing machires, which is 
truly a very promising result for only twenty-five years’ work, especially 
when it is remembered that Mr. Naumann, the principal, commenced 
with two workmen only. 

Seidel & Naumann’s sales in the past year (893) of sewing machines 
and cycles amounted to £236,100, against £215,450 in 1892—a net 
increase for the year 
1893 of £20,650. This is 
proof that their machines 
are well appreciated by 
their numerous customers 
throughout the world. 
This firm are the largest 
and foremost manu'‘ac- 
turers of these goods on 
the Continent, and they 
employ more than 1,600 
workmen. Their output 
last year was 80,coo 
sewing machines and 
upwards of 10,000 cycles, 
yet orders for more than 
2,coo cycles could not 
be executed. To cope 
with their increased 
trade, Messrs. Seidel & 
Naumann have been 
compelled to consider- 
ably enlarge their factory, 
of which we give our readers an illustration, and there is suffic’ent 
accommodation for more than 1,0co extra workmen in the new 
building. 

Seidel & Naumann use in the manufacture of their production the 
very best material only, and they can give a full guarantee comprehen- 
sive of all parts, as every detail is manufactured by them in their own 
works. Their machines are an equipment of the very best and latest 
improvements, such as footrest, automatic winder, self-threading 
shuttle, &c. In one of our recent numbers we mentioned a novelty cf 
theirs in the shape of a patent pincushion, which is an ornamental 
















































































































































































and useful attachment for their treadle machines, affixed by a nickel- 
plated hinge to the machine table (annexed illustration shows the pin- 
cushion). These pincushions can be easily attached to any machine 
by simply cutting a hole in the table. Another invention of this firm 
is a patent metal box to hold loose bobbins. This is sent free with 
each machine, and its practical use is patent to every one. Inaddition 
to these, Seidel & Naumann supply all their treadle machines either 
with compact monogram sides to the stands, or with artistic open work 
sides, of which illustrations are given in Seidel & Naumann’s adver- 
tisement on another page. 

Seidel & Naumann have always a very large stock of sewing 
machines (more than 1,000) at their warehouse, 23, Moor Lane, E.C., 
besides a stock of first-class German piamos and a Jarge assortment of 
musical boxes, albums, &c. Last season they did a large trade in the 
atter articles. 





MESSRS. SEIDEL AND NAUMANN’S FACTORY. 


IMPROVEMENTS IN KNITTING MACHINES. 


Mr. G. Stibbe, of 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow: has just issued a 
circular to the trade of which the following is a copy :— 

DEAR S1R,—I have pleasure in submitting particulars of yarious im- 
provements applied to my knitting machines, some of which will, I 
trust, prove of interest to you. All the machines are fitted with those 
valuable improvements the Patent Brush Latch Openers and (where- 
ever possible) with the Patent Automatic Cams, whichcan be had on no 
other make of machines. I shall be glad to furnish complete details, en- 
gravings, and samples on being favoured with a communication, and re- 
main, 

Yours respectfully, 

G. STIBBE. 

I, Power machine of 
simplified construction, 
exceedingly low price, 
and large output for a 
variety of ribbed and 
plain fabrics. *2, Rib- 
Vests or Bodices, 2 and 
2, with Automatic Welt, 
formed after each vest- 


length or _ half-vest 
length, without stopping 
the machine. 3, Fancy 
Bodices, Skirts, Dresses, 
Sweaters, &c. — Auto- 
matic power machine 


for an unlimited variety 
of beautiful fancy fabrics 
in one or more colours. 
The same machine can 


; be used for ordinary 
goods. 3b, Fancy Bodices, Skirts, Dresses, Sweaters, &c.— 
By hand, for limited output. *4, Rib-Tops and Borders.— 
I and-t, 2 and 2, Royal Rib, &c., &c., from goo to 


2,000 tops per day. Unsurpassed for quality. 4b, Rib-Tops 
and Borders.—For 1 and 1 rib, by hand, for limited output. *5, 
Scotch Shooting and Cycling Hose.—Automatic machine for checks 
and other patterns in unlimited variety, and beautiful elastic web. 6, 
Gloves—plain and fancy.—Plain gloves and fancy Tuck and Jacquard 
patterns on the new I. P. and Ideal machines respectively. 7, Fingering 
of Gloves, Footing of Hose, and for plain seamless hose, &c.—The 
patent Ideal Knitter (hand), with numerous pat. improvements. 8, Rib- 
Pants, with or without cotton-back.— Pat. C. machines (hand). Beat 
all other machines, hand or power, for that article. Uninterrupted success 
since 1885. 9, Combination Dresses.—Pat. Combination (hand) 
machines, produce 20 per cent. more than any other machines on these 
goods 10, Jerseys and Semmits.—Pat. Flat Web machine (power), 
very great production, and quality equal to best frame knitting. rob, 
Jerseys and Semmits.—By hand. 11, Do. Seamless.—Patent Auto- 
matic Cams applied to double system machine produce double quantity 
seamless web in any width, with mock seam. 12, Striped Goods.— 
Pat. Automatic Striping Appliance, from 2 to 4 colours for cuffs 
jerseys, hose, &c. 


THE PRAM. BOYERS’ GUIDE. 


On the rst of next month we shall publish our seventh 
annual ‘‘ Buyer’s Guide to the New Season’s Designs in 
Children’s Carriages,’ and shall be pleased to receive 
items for same, also all advertisements, as early in 
February as possible. 


Fes. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 


GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 






Veet 


American ringer Go 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE C0.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 





SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER, 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





Trade to their improved Out tT 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 


SWIFT GOLD MEDAis 


ER 


KNITS Stockings ribbed or plain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING in 
WOOL, SILK, or COTTON, INSTRUG 
TIONS FREE. Lists 2d. per post 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PALS. Tbe on'y 
WINNER in the WORLD of 1 GOLD MEDALS 
and 22 other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINF CQ. 











































































































































































The ‘““ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire- Purchase Dealers. : : ; 

_ The “HOUSEHOLD ”” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
lie-t materials and can therefore be specially recommended for'sale on 
the Hire System. ical 

The Rollers of the “‘ HOUSEHOLD”? WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 


The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any. tub of any size or 























shape. ; 
Consider’ng the quality of the materials used, the ‘“‘ HOUSEHOLD” 
W RINGER is the cheapest in the market. 3 


©0000 00060042000 09000000000000000000. | 
WHAT IS THIS? 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
We guarantee all 


rollers in our ma- 














to have an 
equal of 
rubber to that shown 
in the sketch. 


chines 





thickness 








| 


SN 


T'— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 


ANOTHER POIN 


made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
-a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Onr new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


“orks $3. Un- er Prook St.. Ma’ chester 








Telephone No. 4667. Telegrams, ‘' Grovod, London .” 


GROVER & WOOD 
AMERICAN ORGAN AND HARMONIUM 


MANUFACTURERS, 


62, GLENGALL ROAD; OLD KENT ROAD, 
LONDON, S.E. 


First-Class Quality. Low Prices. Latest Imnrovements. 
4= WRITE FOR NEW ILLUSTRATED LIST. 


The New 


4 ROTHWELL KNITTER 


J is the only machine in the world 
which can knit every garment 
that can be done by hand. 


It would take three days by hand what could be done on the 
“ New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and thousands of ladies 
who have entirely abolished hand kaitting are now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything. in either silk, wool, or cotton. 


Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St. , Bolton. 























THE AMERICAN WRINGER 6O., | 


129, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, &.E. 


| 





The Pneumatic Rest and Improved Cycle Accessories Syndicate, 


Limited, has recently been formed, with a capital of £30,000. 
* * 
* 


With a similar amount of capital, we understand that the Giraffe 
Cycle Company will shortly come into life in Dublin. 


x 8 


* 

A system has been patented recently by Mr. F. F. Moen, of 

Brooklyn, whereby joints for cycle frames can be made ad/ustable. 
* * 
* 

A very successful cycle exhibition, with 160 stands, was opened on 

January rota in Paris, and a large number of English firms exhibited, 
* * 
* 

A particularly comfortable saddle has just been brought out by 
Mess Brampton, of Oliver Street Works, Birmingham, called the 
‘Brampton No. 5.” 1 

* 

The Ideal Pneumatic Tyre Company, which has recently been regis- 
tered, has acquired the rights and interests of Mr. J. S. Smith's 
& Macbeth” tyre, the possession of which patent will enable the 
“ Jdeal ” to be fitted to any rim. 


* 

The Cycle Rubber Company, Limited, will shortly put on the market 
a new tyre, yclept the * Trigwell (Hall's patent), a “detachable,” 
with advantages likely to create a stir in the trade. 

* * 
* 

Cycle agents and importers will rejoite to learn that there is every 
possibility of the duty on bicycles in America being reduced from 
45 per cent. to the original tariff of 35 per cent. The duty, however, 
on unfinished parts 1t 1s proposed tg increase. 











ae The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Fes. 1, 1894. 





For the acquisition of the patents and inventions in the manufacture 
of cycle rims, &c., of Mr. C. H. Pugh, Birmingham, and to carry on 
business in connection therewitn, the Jointless Rim, Limited, has 
been formed with a capital of 450,009. 

* 


The annual meeting of shareholders of the Coventry Machinists’ 
Company was held on the 15th ult., the profit and loss account read 
thereat showing a loss for the year ending September 3oth, 1893, of 
£25,971 16s. 3d. A committee of inspection was formel to go into 
the position of the company, 

“ * 
* 

Justin’s Cycle Company, hitherto of 79, Upper Barton Hill 
Road, Bristol, and one of the leading cycle agents in the town, in 
order to cope with their increasing business, have removed to greatly 
enlarged premises in the same town, at 18, Lawrence Hill. The shop 
window is rendered particularly attractive by reison of the exhibition 
of an old boneshaker, side by side with a ’94 ‘‘ Nimrod” racer. 


” & 
* 


The statistics of the cycle trade fur 1893 are as interesting as they 
are satisfactory, inasmuch as they evidence the vast strides made by 
the trade during that time. During 1893—the record year—the 
exports of the cycle trade amounted to no less than 41,039,591, or an 
advance of £123,735 on the previous year. Even in December the 
value of exported goods was £47,195. The amount invested in New 
Cycle and Accessory Companies during the year totals at 41,377,700. 
In the course of the year there is record of 63 failures in the cycle 


trade. 
“ * 
* 


A chainless safety is just now occupying the attention of the League 
Cycle Company, of Connecticut. Two bevel gears, adjusted on ball 
bearings, supplant the chain and chain wheels. The wheels of this 
gear have tee'h cut by aspecial process, and are encased in dust- 
boxes made of aluminium, fitted on the centre of the crank shaft 
bracket. A shaft is attached to one of the gear wheels and passes through 
the rear fork of the frame to the hind wheel, where it actuates two 
more gear wheels. The Company claim that their system is greatly 
superior to chain gearing. 

*- * 


+ 
Yet another type of pneumatic tyre has been designe 1 by Messrs. J. 
& M. Remy, of Lyons, France, in which the air tubes are divided into 
a number of separate chambers which, though capable of being inflated 
all at the same time, are so constructed that each compartment retains 
its individuality, and should one be punctured none of the others are 
affected, and consequently the evil effects of a ‘“ flabby” or deflated 


tyre are entirely eliminated. 
x 


The same idea, though not in such an advanced manner, is also 
embodied in the construction of a new tyre in the plans of Mr. F. D. 
Owen, of Washington, U.S.A., who has the whole tyre made from one 
piece of vulcanised rubber, with, of course, a due proportion of canvas. 
In an effective yet simple manner two air chambers are made to run 
parallel throughout the tyre by the expedient of joining the ends of a 
sheet of rubber and forming an endless band, the edges of which being 
turned back on themselves thus give a double-chamber, so that should 
one sustain a puncture the other would safely carry a rider home. 


BELTS ! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 

Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 
lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Harvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 








Cycte OILS Burning and Lubricating, Loose or 
Bottled. Knitting Machine, Wringer, and Pram Oils. All 
kinds of Machinery Oils.—Lady Bridge Oil Works, Spring Street, 
Hull. 


GEWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 

first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. 














Messrs. Treggon & Company, Limited, of 
York Works, Brewery Road, London, N.., are 
introducing anew Automatic Washing Machine 
which they have named “The Torrent” Washer. 
This apparatus, the invention of a London lady, consists of an inner 
vessel—the washer—with steam ring and funnel and eight or ten 





holes around its upper circumference. The washer is merely p!aced 
into an ordinary copper, a flange preventing the above-mentioned 
funnel touching the bottom, but at the same time so close that the 
steam cannot rise into this inner vessel, whilst the water is never in a 
state of ebullition, the advantages of which are apparent. 

The space between the washer and the copper into which it is in- 
serted is filled with water, which, when boiling, enters the inner vessel 
by means of the holes shown in our illustration, passes through the 




































































































































































\ 
\ 


Yl 










































































all 


ee 
SSS 


MMM 





clothes, thus giving them a thorough cleansing, then out of the funnel at 
the base, but to be again brought to a boiling point when the process 
is repeated, a continual circulation being the result. Clothes to be 
washed by the “‘ Torrent ” are first soaked, then placed under the action 
of the washer for half-an-hour or so, and lastly wrung in the usual 
way. aS 

Our readers will be pleased to hear that, as from the 15th of last 
month, the mangle manufacturers have reduced their prices 1s. 6d. on 
sizes up to 22 inch and 2s. on larger machines. 

*x* 2 


* 

Mr. H. J. Morriss, of 48, Pepys Road, New Cross, S.E., has just 
been appointed the sole agent in Great Britain for the Leverich 
Washing Machine, of which Messrs. Vreeland & Cole, Geneva, N.Y., 
are the makers, 


£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 
ditch, London, or Birmingham. 


THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 

which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 





ENTWISLE & KENYON’S 


ACCRINGTON MANGLES 


AT 
ELEIGHLEWZW PRICES. 





DESIGNED FOR HARD USAGE. 
NO BETTER SEASONED ROLLERS IN EXISTENCE. 





WRITE FOR LIST OR SEND YOUR NAME ON POST CARD AND TRAVELLER SHALL CALL. 
OTHER SPECIALTIES IN 
Carpet Sweepers, Meat Choppers, Step Ladders, Draught Excluders, &c. 





ENTWISLE 


& KENYON, 


ACCRINGTON. 


Fes. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 
TH E 


EXHIBIT 


- STAR» 


BABY CARRIAGES 
MAIL CARTS 


AT THE 


STAN EEY SHOow 


WAS THE 


TALK OF THE PLACE 


Dealers should not fail to see our latest Novelties before placing 
their Orders for the New Season. 


New Illustrated Catalogues ready January Ist, 1894. 


ese om gir mp rer RE ee TSS EES 


STAR MANUFACTURING €0., 


STAR WORKS, GOODINGE ROAD, 
LONDON, N. 























| 
ni 
SN 


A thing of beauty and a joy for—this season, is the elegant catalogue 
of Messrs. Challen & Son, lately out, and in it are illustrations of 
their latest new models, among them being two built to stand the 
Indian climate. 

* * 
* 

From the days when Pan piped, and “ Orpheus with his lute made 
trees and the mowntain lops that freeze, to bow,” the flute has ever been 
the subject of attention, and especially during the last half century has 
inventive genius been devoted to its improvement. 

* * 


* 

A full and complete history of this little instrument has recently been 
given by Messrs. Rudall, Carte, & Co.; who, as is well known, have 
long been flute-makers. Flutes are of two classes, those with a conical 
and those with a cylindrical bore ; the former form being almost univer- 
sally in use prior to 1847, whilst even to the present day military flutes 
retain this shape, as also do the ordinary one to eight key instruments. 
Reference having been made to the various defects ofthe cone shaped 
interior, and also to its good points, the patenting of the cylindrically 
bored flute with a parabolic head next stands out as an important item, 
This was done in 1847 by Messrs. Rudall, and it is practically the 
prototype of the modern flute. 

* * 
* 

The later improvements appear to have been more in respect to the 
holes of the flute, and much scientific study has had the result of intro- 
ducing a system of ‘‘ hole placement and size” based on a dual founda- 
tion of theory and practical experience, by which an equality of tone, 
quality, and power has been ensured. : 

* 
* 

The name of Messrs. J. J. Hopkinson, of Margaret Street, Cavendish 
Square, W., is a sufficient guarantee that ‘‘ How Pianos-are Made ”— 
a pamphl et they have just published—is a work containing useful and 
valuable information on the subject of which it treats. It details 
in extenso the whole processes of piano-making, gives many practical 
hints, is well illustrated, and, moreover, describes fully the firm’s 
factory. ae 

Piano manufacturing would appear, from probate duty lately paid 
on the personal estate of a recently deceased member of the trade, to 
be not the least of profit-yielding concerns. For the country to take 
over £71,407 4s. 5d. in this manner, and that, too, but the percentage 
on a partnership share, throws a broad beam of light upon the enor- 
mous aggregate turnover, and consequent liberal profit, that must 
accrue from engaging in piano-building. 

* * 


* 
_ The well-known organ manufacturers, Messrs. H. Lehr & Co., of 
the United States, through their agents ia London, Messrs. E. 
Hirsch & Co., of 59, €0, and 61, Hatton Garden, E.C., are introducing 
a novelty which bids fair to become popular in musical circles. It is 
an organ possessing seven octaves of reeds, specially adapted to express 
with equal effect the individual characteristics of sacred and secular 
music. In appearance it is like an upright piano. 
* * 


It is also worthy of note that Messrs. Hirsch have ceased to te the 
English agents of the Story & Clark Organ Company, Chicago, this 
latter firm having established a London branch and factory at 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Fes. 1, 1804. 


62, Tabernacle Street, E.C., with Mr. W. H. Taylor as their 


representative. 
* * 
* 


Messrs. J. G. Murdoch & Co., Farringdon Street, E.C., who repre- 
sent Messrs. E. P. Carpenter & Co., have introduced an organ ona 
new model, by the Jatter firm, the special advantage claimed on its 
behalf being the facility in duet-playing of enabling the executants to 
individually use their own stops. It has 74 octaves and five stops— 
three treble and two bass ; a coupler worked by a centre foot-pedal on 
each side, which are those for blowing, and a “swell” regulated hy 
the pressure used in blowing. A unique feature is the position of the 
stops, which are on the key blocks instead of in front as was heretofore 
usual, 

* * 

On show at Kiralfy’s Kensington Constantinople is an exhibit of 
special interest to the trade in the form of anew patent respecting piano 
attachment, the invention of Mr. Ajello, and brought out by Messrs. G. 
Ajello & Sons, 104, Park Street, London, N.W. The attachment, which 
can be fixed on to pianos of the usual type, is, as its name implies, 
specially intended to enable any notes to be repeated automatically in 
either the bass or treble clef at will, whilst the accompaniment can be 
played as usual. The attachment is in two parts, so that by an 
arrangement of stops, which are worked by pedals, the bass or treble 
“repeat” can be brought into action either separately or concur- 
rently. 








THE WORLD'S FAIR. 


No. V. 
SEWING MACHINE SECTION (continued). 


C. O. Crosby. Pat. No. 90,507, May 25, 1869. 

An early shoe sewing machine, adopted for doing either ‘ turned 
work or ‘‘ welted” work. 3 

D. Mills. Pat. No. 96,944, Nov. 16, 1869. 

A chain-stitch, shoe sewing machine, particularly intended for 
sewing outer soles to welts. Comprises a curved awl, a curved 
hook-needle combined with special work-supporting and feeding 
mechanism. " 

b. Rudolph. Pat. No. 99,481, Feb. 1, 1870. 

A form of glove sewing machine, wherein is embodied a horizontally 
reciprocating needle and thread-carrying looper, and a pair of rotating 
feed-discs. The work is placed between the feed-discs, and as it is 
moved forward the needle and looper co-operate to form stitches in the 
usual manner. 

H. P. Henricksen. Pat. No. 104,590, June 21, 1870. 

This machine is especially adapted for over-seaming the edges of 
pieces of kid or other leather used in the manufacture of gloves. The 
devices comprise a horizontally reciprocating needle and a shuttle 
reciprocating in the arc of a circle on a vertical plane to carry the 
shuttle-thread over the edge of the fabric and across the path of the 
needle, so as to produce a series of binding stitches over the edge of 
the fabric operated upon. 

Wilcox & Carleton. Pat. No. 116 523, June 27, 1$71. 

Pull-off, consisting of three ‘“pins or eyes,” two of which are secured 
to needle-arm and the other to the frame of the machine. Location 
and arrangement, relative to thread supply and intermittent tension 
such as to supply sufficient thread to form stitch, irrespective of thick- 
ness of goods. 

D. W. G. Humphrey. Pat. Na. 123,348, Feb. 6, 1872. 

An improvement upon the original Humphrey patent of Oct. 7 
186z. Means are provided for regulating the lateral movement of the 
needye to vary the depth and stitch. The button hole is cut while the 
material is in the clamp. 








WHY DON’T YOU WRITE TO 





ROTHSC! 


ILD & BAKER, 


31, St Paul's Square, Birmingham, 

















FOR 


NOVELTIES 


IW 







































































































































































































































































SSS 


Perambulators, 


Mail Carts, 


Invalid Chairs ? 














HIGH CLASS GOODS. 


LOW PRICES. 


’ Fer. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 


— ee EE o—————_—e~~~oooE——— 


BRADBURY S NEW GOLOSA MACHINE. 


One of the pressing requirements of the shoe trade has 
for long been that of a cylinder wheel-feed golosh 
machine, to take the place of the flat machines mostly in 
use. Messrs. Bradbury & Co., are therefore to be congratu- 
lated on their most recent production, which all experts 
who have examined it admit solves every problem. With 
this machine the operator can sew straight round the work 
without stopping, as is necessary with flat machines, thus 
reducing trouble in lasting and leaving all the fulness in 
the back of the upper. It is obvious that such a machine 
is of great advantage in sewing button strips or perform- 
ing scalloping operations on to old golosh work, and in 
practice it is found not to damage kid legs, yet at the same 
time to be double as fast as machines working with the 
step feed which have the additional disadvantage of draw- 
ing the lining ofthe upper more than the golosh, thus 
throwing the upper out ofshape. To thoroughly under- 
stand thesuperiority of the work done on this machine, 
it is necessary to compare samples made on same with 
those executed in the usual way, and then there can be no 
question as to the value of this latest production of the 
famous Wellingtor Works, 

We might add that the machine is fr-e from all compli- 
cations, the shaft operating the rotary hook being hollow, 
through which passes a second shaft at the end of which 
is placed the wheel feed. The machine is remarkably 
noiseless and speedy, as well as being easily adjustableand 
durable in wear. 





== 





Failures and Arrangements. 


HENRY BORRIDGE, Domestic Machinery Dealer, 124, Alfred 
Street, South, late 258, Alfred Street, Central, Nottingham. 

The Official Receiver for the Nottingham district has now issued 
particulars under this failure, from which it appears that the unsecured 
liabiiities amount to £118. The assets are estimated to produce £26, 
thus leaving a deficiency of £92. 

The report and observations of the Official Receiver are to the follow- 
ing effect :—The bankrupt states he commenced business about August, 
1878, with a capitalof 450, which hehad saved. The only assets in 
the bankruptcy are book debts estimated to produce £15 16s. 3d., and 
as the debts are due from people paying very small instalments per 
week, it is not probable that anything like this amount will be obtained 
from them. The bankrupt states that in order to obtain money to file 
his petition he, on the previous day, sold three second-hand sewing 
machines by private treaty for £2 7s. 6d., and the rest of his stock, 
together with all fixtures and fittings, was on the same day sold bya local 
auctioneer, and realised £5. He alsoat the same time sold book debts 
amounting to about £20 for £5. The whole of the furniture and 
effects at 124,’ Alfred Street, South, are claimed by the debtor’s 

wife as having been bought by her out of her savings as a dressmaker, 
_ which occupation she has followed since her marriage. It is stated that 
the present furniture and effects were partly bought, and partly de- 
volved on the bankrupt’s wife on the death of her mother in 1887, and 
they are said to have replaced the effects of the bankrupt, which were 
then sold. The bankrupt’s wife, who is stated to be the tenant of the 
above address, has produced to me her account book, showing her 
takings as adressmaker. The debtor alleges his failures to have been 
caused through bad trade and losses in trade. The bankrupt has kept 
a sales ledger, a day book, and a book in which he has entered his re- 
ceipts, but the latter has never been cast up. Hlestates that he became 
aware ofhis insolvency about twelve months ago, anithat he has con- 
tracted debts since then to the amount of £25 with five creditors. 

The first meeting of the creditors interested herein took place on the 
gth ult. at the offices of the Official Receiver, Nottingham, but as there 


NGUEES: 

A Thousand 
assorted 
Bedsteads at 
Old Prices 
for Immediate 
Orders. 





NO ADVANCE. 
WRITE FOR LIST. 





a 





were not enough creditors present to form a quorum no resolutions 
could be passed. As the debtor had no offer of composition to make 
he was adjudicated bankrupt, and the estate will be administered by the 
Official Receiver in the usual way. 

SAMUEL LEE BRYAN, Sewing Machine Dealer, Derby. 

This debtor came up for his public examination at the Derby Bank- 
ruptcy Court on the gth ult., before his Honour Judge Digby.—The 
deLtor, in reply to questions, said he commenced business in Harrow 
Road, London, in October, 1888, as a mantle and jacket salesman, and 
nine months later he turned the premises into a furnishing and domestic 
machinery depot, and as a commission agent for certain machines. He 
carried on that business until August last, when he was sold up by his 
landlord, and he assigned certain book debts to his father-in-law, who 
had from time to time lent him £225. He subsequently removed to 
Derby, where his wife opened a shop in the Wardwick with her own 
money. He admitted having on one occasion attempted to conceal 
his identity in order toevade bankruptcy notices. The examination 
was finally ordered to be adjourned, in orderthat the Official Receiver 
might have an opportunity of going through the debtor’s books. 


BICKERS & CO., Dewsbury and 
Mirfield. 

In the above bankruptcy Messrs. W. 
Keighley, are creditors for £78 12s. 6d. 
THOMAS N. LAZONBY, 

Stockton-on-Tees. 

In the xbove bankruptcy Messrs. Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley, 

are creditors for £14. 


JOHN GREENALL (J. B. Liptrot), laundry engineer, 120, Portland 
Street, and 5, New Wakefield Street, Manchester, and 4, Vernon 
Grove, Eccles, near Manchester. 

The above has been adjudicated ban'rupt. 
creditors are the following :— 


general house furnishers, 


Summerscales & Sons, 


cycle agent, 8, Hardwick Terrace, 


Among the principal 


mesa ads 
American Wringer Company, London PS 2eLOmO 
Glover & Hobson, * toe BSE SB. © 
Smith & Wellstood, re soo Be is} 33 
Cherry Tree Machine Company, Blackburn 67 I 6 
- Taylor & Wilson, Clayton-le-Moers ... oa GO) Gy 7/ 
Liptrot, R., Eccles... 309 on ep LO) TORS 
Liptrot, M., —,, a a a pO OO 
Tinkers, Limited, Hyde oa 650 oo SNR 8 
Summerscales & Sons, Keighley... ono 3 
Gratrix, S., Jun., & Bros., Limited, Manchester 29 3 8 
Lloyd & Lloyd, is 12 19 I 
Manlove, Alliott, & Co., ‘A 104 0 O 
Barlow, H.B., & Co., SAY, m7 On Ono 
Thomas & Taylor, Stockport... =) 68, 1Q)3 
Craston, R. H., Wigan ae aes = LOR OE:O 
Fully Secured Creditor Seem 55 OM Nia 
Partly Secured Creditors. 
Frinneby, Mrs. C., London ... 007 aoc yall aaalvagics 
(Estimated value of security, £16 tos. 2d ) 
Bolton, R., Wigan Coe ob wo EO © @ 
(Estimated value of security, £22 2s. 3d.) 
Total estimated amount, £67 5s. 8d. 
Preferential Creditor. 
Hibberson, W., Manchester ... 500 on 1G @»@ 


CHARLES JOHN GRIFFITH, 29, Station Road, Willesden 
Junction, and CHARLES T. AHIER, 30, Minet Avenue, 
Harlesden, trading as the NOR’-WEST MACHINE STORES, 
29, Station Road, Willesden Junction, 151, Eligh Street, Acton, 
and 358, High Road, Kilburn, dealers in domestic machinery. 

A receiving order was granted in the above on January 4th. 


JERRAM SEWING MACHINE SYNDICATE. 
The above company is being wound up. Claims to the liquidator 
Thomas Matthew Stanbury, Gothic House, Liscard, by February 5th. 


JAMES EGDELL (J. J. Egdell & Co.), cycle manufacturer and 
sewing machine dealer, Northumberland and Newgate Streets, 
Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

The creditors of the above are being asked to assent to a deed of 
assignment. The liabilities are £2,777 .23. 2J., and the assets are 
estimated to produce £2,000. 





Prices cut 
, Fine for Prompt 
Cash Buyers. 


BEDSTEADS 
From '7/- each, 





PERAMBULATORS 
From 15/6 each. 


MAIL CARTS 
From 7/G each. 











ee oi Vy une dournall of Domestic e Abe Marcos igmeee nee SEL Ie ing The Journal of Domestic Appliances Fre. r, 1294, 


RECENT CHANGES IN THE TRADE. 


Aber gavenny.— Mr. Dean has closed his ironmongery, 
perambulator, and washing machine business at 2, Cross 
Street. 

Armiley.—Mr. E. Bush, late of 7, Cedars, Armley, has 
removed his perambulator business to 10, Stratford Road, 
Leeds. 

Banbury.—Vhe Great American Bazaar Co., dealers in 
perambulators, washing machines, &c., have given up 
business in the town. 

Berkhampstead.—Mr. J. Porter, cycle dealer, has closed 
his warehouse at The Lamb. 

Bilston.—Mr. H. W. Pidgeon, furniture, piano, and 
organ dealer, of 59, Church Street, has taken up the sale 
of sewing machines and domestic machinery. 

Birmingham. —Messrs. R. King & Co. no longer carry 
oa their cycle trade at 28, Guest Street, Hockley. 

Blackpool.—The cycle agency hitherto worked by Mr. 
Thompson at Waterloo Road, South Beach, no longer 
exists. 

Bolton,—Mr. J. Driver, cycle dealer, 89, Weston Street, 
Darby Street, has terminated his business connection at 
this address. 

The Royal Hunter Cycle Co,, in addition to selling 
bicycles, also trade in perambulators and mail-carts at 
their extensive premises, 23-29, Manchester Road. 

Bradford.—Messrs. W. H. Spruce & Son have gone 
from their premises, 1,252, Leeds Road, leaving no 
address, Mr. J. Hart has also given up his cycle agency 
at 409, Bowling Back Lane. 

Brierley Aiill.—Mr. Fisher has closed his premises at 
75, High Street, where he heretofore carried on business 
as dealer in musical instruments, sewing sand washing 
machines. 

Buckley.—Messrs. S. Aston & Son, cycle, furniture, 
and domestic machinery dealers, have ceased to carry on 
business in the High Street. 

Burgess Hill.—Mr. C. Austen, general dealer, St. 
John’s Common, has taken up the sale of wringing and 
washing machines. 

Bur ton-on-Trent.—Mr. E. Smith, of 153, High Street, 
has closed his washing machit:e, &e. , agency. 

Bury.—Mr. A. Horrocks, dealer in washing machines 
at Fleet Street, has recently died. 

Carlisle. —Mr. W. Wood, house furnisher and dealer 
in pianos and domestic machinery, has left his Jrishgate 
depot. 

Darlington.—Mr. J. Thompson, cycie dealer, of 35, 
High Row, has Sy died. 

Eccles.~-Messrs. & J. Robertson, Limited, cycle 
makers and es and dealers in perambulators, 
sewing machines, and domestic machinery, have branch 
depots at Patricrott, Bolton, and Sale. 

Larcham.—Mr. i, tk Jarman, furniture, piano, and 
sewing machine dealer, has closed his West Place shop. 

Felling: on-Tyne. —Mr. M. Beckwith, of 52, Carlisle 
Street, dealer in furniture, knitting machines, and 
domestic machinery, has left the town. 

Fenny Stratford.—Mr. Geo. Arches, engineer and 
dealer in sewing machines, has given up business. 

Ipswich. _—Mr. H. Whillier, perambulator and domestic 


taachinery dealer, has removed from 13, St. er ee ee coh Ban Se Siehokes 
Street, to 31. Carr Street. 

Leamington Spa.—Mr. J. T. White, 44-46, Regent 
Street, has given up the sale of perambulators and mail- 
carts. 

London, W.C.—Messrs. F. Bennett & Bennett, 31, 
Theobald’s Road, have taken up the sale of wringing and 
washing machines. S.#.—Mr. W. Chapman, 26, Port- 
land Road, South Norwood, has added the sale of 
perambulators and mail-carts. 

Maitdenhead.—Vhe business of furniture and peram- 
bulator dealer, carried on till recently by Mr. J. F. Carbutt, 
has been taken over by Mr. T. J. Lovegrove, who was 
vee the deceased gentleman for many years. 

Newport Pagnell.—Mr. J. Line, ‘‘ fancy trader,”’ of St. 
John’s Street, has taken up the sale of cycle and sewing 
machines. 

Portsmouth.—Mr. E. Scarrott has closed his depot for 
cycles, furniture, and domestic machinery at 9, Ariel 
Road, Fratton. 

Runcorn.—Mr. W. Dutton, dealer in furniture, pianos, 
and washing machines, has left his Church Street 
premises; as also has Mr. A. Holt, dealer in perambulators 
and mangles, left those in Regent Street. 

St. Helen’s,—Mr. S. Hanson, of Duke Street, dealer in 
furniture, pianos, and sewing machines, has’ left the 
wows 





Mr. J. Gower, cycle agent, has gone, 
ee no ee 

Shefield—Mr. C. Chappell, cycle dealer, Co-operative 
Street, has closed his shop. 

Southport.—Mrs. Jackson, piano and furniture dealer, 
has gone from 6, King Street. 

South Shields.—Messrs. F. D, Stewart & Son have 
given up the sale of wringing and washing machines. 

Stratford-on-Avon.—Mr. Cotterill, cycle and domestic 
machinery dealer, no longer carries on business at Henley 
Street. 

Torquay.—Messrs. McCormack & Co., Limited, cycle 
and sewing machine dealers, have left their Fleet Street 
premises, but continue their business in Plymonth. 

Walsall.Mr. W. Stanley, 2 and 3, Stafford Street, 
cycle agent, has closed his premises. 

Whitchurch —Mt. T. C, Howell, cycle agent, has recently 
died. 

Winchester.—Messrs. Dingle & Williams have changed 
the style of their firm to R. F. Williams, who will still act 
as a cycle and sewing machinery agent, at the premises 

2, Parchment Street. 

Wrtham.—Messrs. Wilson & Son, cycle agents, High 
Street, have gone away. 

Woking. —Mr. A. J. Rogers now carries on a growing 
business as furniture, cycle, and domestic machinery 
dealer, at a new address, Maybury Noad, having re- 
moved here from Guildford. 

Wolverhampton.—_Mr. J. Johnson, cycle, furniture, 
musical instrument, sewing machine, and domestic 
machinery dealer, has left his shop in 152, Bilston Street. 

Worcester-—Mr. W. H. Hughes, cycle dealer, has 
closed his shop in 4, St, Swithin’ s Girece 

Mr. B. Dobson, cycle dealer, Station Road, has 
vacated the above premises. ; 








FOR THE FAMILY OR THE MANUFACTORY. 


AMERICAN * DOMESTIC” sEwING MACHINE 


skill in management. 

































































IT STANDS AT THE HEAD BEGAUSE 


It is the simplest machine made, having few parts, no complications, and requires little 


It is the lightest-running machine, hence produces less fatigue in operating, and on that 
account is especially recommended by the medical faculty. 

It is adapted to the greatest range of work, will do the finest as well as the heaviest, and is 
suited to the use of all appliances ‘that facilitate the or dinary, fancy, or difficult work. 

It is always ready for use, and requires no special adjustment when the work is changed. 

It is the most durable machine ever made. Its construction is in accordance with the most 
advanced and approved mechanical principles, and all the parts are case-hardened, working 
on adjustable conical bearings. 





HAND MACHINES from £4 4s., TREADLE MACHINES from £5 10s. 


Terms and full particulars can be obtained from 


GORDON & GOTCH, 15, St. Bride Street, LONDON, E.cC 


AGENTS WANTED WHERE NOT ALREADY REPRESENTED. 





Fes. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


BiG PROFITS. 


NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE, 


27 





BIG DISCOUNTS. 


VACANCIES in a FEW TOWNS for LIYE AGENTS. 











=e a Hh 
RAWILSONSS 


Sang aN 





er’ | Vi \ fii . 
ales ie gel 
at &y 
a AA 
i : 















i 





It took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading machines of the world as the most adyanced 
sewing machine mechanism. 


The rotary principle is the true one and wins every time. 


Agents wanted wherever not represented. Address for terms, 


WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CQO., 


21, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 








38 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Fes. 1, 1894. 




















The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 


Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 


Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


23,806. J. W. Watts, for improvements in latch needle knitting 
machines, and in appliances there‘or. : j : 

23,813. J. C. Chaddock, fora finger protecting device for use in 
sewing and the like. i 

24,086. W.S. Ward and H. F. Lancashire, for improved appa- 
ratus applicable to straight bar knitting machines. 


24,147. W. Arkwright, for improvements in or relating to knitting 
machines. : : 
24,173. H. Bremer, for a method of storing or mounting eyelet 


button fasteners for facilitating their introduction into button fastening 
machines. ‘ ; 

24,174. HH. Bremer, for a machine for fastening eyelet buttons to 
boots and other objects. ; i 

24,265. G. Powell, for improvements in machinery for 
automatically knitting socks or stockings with seamless heels and 
toes. 

24,311. A. Lee and F. W. Pare, for improvements in latch 
knitting needles used in hosiery knitting machines and other similar 
knitting machines. 5 

24,316. F. Maginn, J. Shovelton, and J. Maginn, for improve- 
ments in sewing machines. 

24,488. W. S. Dove, for improvementsin perambulator and mail 
carts. 

24,497. The East London Machine Company, for improvements in 
or pertaining to perambulators and other like carriages, 

24,697. C. Guy, for improvements in sewing machines. 

24.829. F. London, for a flexible steel loop or clip for suspending 
the bodies of baby carriages to the handles, framework, or springs. 

24,842. J. Y. Johnson, a communication from J. L. Follett, of 
United States, for improvements in sewing machines. 

24 862. H.HI. Lake, a communication from J. B. Hipwell, W. S. 
Janney, and A. K. Scholl, of United States, for improvements in knit- 
ting machines. 

24,893. W. Webster, for improvements in over - head sewing 
machines. 

24,910. H. H. Lake, a communication from The Lincoln Machine 
Cor pany, of United States, for improvements in sewing machines. 

25,045. W. H. Dorman, for improvements in sole sewing 
machines. - 


25,069. W. P. Thompson, a communication from O. A. Petschke, 
of Germany, for improvements connected with the Lamb type of knit- 
ing machines. 

165. W. Wilson, for improvements in convertible carriages for the 
use of children. 

251. W. J. Head, trading as the East London Machine Company, 
is improvements in or pertaining to children’s mail carts or perambu- 
ators. ‘ 

300. KR. Farrington, for a cap holder or reel for the better work- 
ing on sewing or other machines of threads or yarns wound on paper 
tubes. 

397. B. Poole, for an improved spring for bassinettes. 

517. W. F. Fair, for improvements in knitting machines. 

761. W. Smith, for improvements in perambulators or bassinettes. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IssUED AND DATED DECEMBER 5TH, 1893. 


509,970. E. Z. Taylor, Philadelphia, Pa., sewing michine for 
barring button-holes. 

509,983. O. A. Webber, Richmond, Me., seam -turning machine. 

510,150. E. F.:Arnold,Rockland,and E. F. Arnold,North Abingdon, 
Mass., welt guiding device for shoe sewing machines. 

510,342. T. H. Hollingsworth, Scotland, Neck, N.C., trimming 
attachment for sewing machines. 

510,355. FF. P. Mann, San Francisco, Cal., baby carriage. 


IssUED AND DATED DECEMBFR 12th, 1893. 


510,401. F. Buckhalter, Ashbourne, Pa., circular knitting 
machine. 
510,433. C. Maldaner, Arlington Heights, IIl., feeding mechanism 


for sewing machines. 
510,509. A. M. Idol, High Point, N.C., lady’s work-table. 


510,655. L.D. Stinchfield, Brockton, Mass., welt guide for sewing 
machines. : 

510,760. A, Auworter, Schlierbach, Germany, knitting machine. 

510,771. H.B. Burns, Eau Claire, Wis., sewing machine attach- 
ment, 

510,792. J. W. Hynes, Nashville, Tenn., box loop attachment for 
sewing machines. 

510,829. C. J. Appleton, New York, N.Y., circular knitting 
machines. 


510,839. ‘F. Crawford, New Brunswick, NJ , stop mechanism for 
knitting machines. 

510,868. W.A. Mack, Norwalk, Ohio, feeding mechanism for 
sewing machines. 

510,934. J. G. Powell, Philadelphia, Pa., web-holder actuating 
mechanism for automatic knitting machines. 


510,935- J. G. Powell, needle picking mechanism for automatic 
knitting machines. 
510,951. G. R. Allen, Buffalo, N.Y., wax thread sewing machine. 


510,958. S. Conde, Oswego, N.Y., feed for knitting machines. 





JEPSON 


MERCANTILE DIRECTORY 


AND 


MANUFACTURERS’ GUIDE. 





ESTABLISHED 1878, 





THE TIMES says :—“ Jepson’s Directory is indispensable to anyone engaged in a large business.” 





ORNER from any BOOKSELLER, or from the HEAD OFFICE, 17, COLEMAN STREET, E.C 





For ADVERTISEMENT SCALE, apply to the Head Office, 


17, COLEMAN 


STREET, E.C., 


OR TO 


DELLS ADVERTISING OFFICE, FLEET STREET, EC. 


FEB. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 29 


BASSINETTES. 


POSES OLSSCOSSSCECOOSSESCOOSD 


EVERYTHING NEW. 
Wicker Bodies. Full-size Bodies. 
Wire Bodies, Reversible Hoods. 
Corrugated Steel Bodies, Brass Joints. Round 
a Mache i 5 tee a le 
ull-size Bodies. ubber Tyre Wheels. 
Well-finished Bodies. eeinas China Handles. Superior 
Very Strong Bodies) |S s~Painting. Splendid Finish. 











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SEES A AL I Le a RP PI I I PR Ie 
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GRAND BASSINETTES. | 
Brass-jcinted Reversible Hoods. | "fam 
Round Aproas. 


Strong Steel Double Bobbin Papisr Mache Bassinettes. 
springs and Stretchers. 


20-inch Rubber Tyre Wheels. SHILLINGS sD 4 Bassinates 
China Handles. ee Extra Strong Bassinettes, 
The Marvel Bassinettes. Mee). The ClimareBassinettes, 


FIRST GOME FIRST SERVED! Only a limited quantity of these 
wonderful Goods will be supplied. Customers must place their 
contracts at once if they want to avoid disappointment and loss, 


1,000 DESIGNS OF PERAMBULATORS, 


MAILGARTS, BICYCLES, TRICYCLES, HORSES, HAMMOCKS, &6. 


Write at once for Lists, which will be sent post iree by the 
ONLY MAKERS— 


Tue MIDLAND PERAMBULATOR COMPY- 


EDMUND STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 


Wire Bassinettes. 
Wicker Bassinettes, 











30 The Journal of Domestic Appliances. 


IssuED AND DATED DECEMBER 26th, 1893. 


511,335. J. B. Hipwell, Philadelphia, Pa., circular knitting 
machine, 

511,496. W.E. Bennett, Boston, Mass., machine for sewing on 
buttons. 

511,522. A. Hardegger, Flawyl, Switzerland, fabric holding frame 


for embroidery machines. 


511,539. I. Mundlos, Magdeburg, Germany, presser foot for 
sewing machines. 
511,603. H.H. Fefel, New York, N.Y., trimming mechanism for 


sewing machines. 
IssuED AND DATED JANUARY 2nd, 1894. 

511,856. D.Mans, Toronto, Canada, machine for sewing looped 
fabrics. 

511,977 M. Tobener, Gold Hill, Nev., fabric folding attachment 
for sewing machines. 

512,014: H. A. Dodge, Boston, Mass., W. G. Tillon, New Haven, 
Conn., presser foot mechanism for sewing machines. 

512,059. C.B.Sander, Chemnitz, Germany, knitting machine. 

512,105. J.L. Follett, New York, N.Y., sewing machine. 

512,255. W.A. Mack, Norwalk, Ohio, thread gripping device for 
sewing machines. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 


23,267. Sewing Machines. W.H. Dorman, of Stafford. Dated 
December 17th, 1892. 

Is intended to be used in sewing machines employed in the manu- 
facture of boots and shoes, such, for instance, as the New Goodyear 
Stitcher. The principal object sought to be attained is the reduction 
of the length of the loop to the smallest possible consistent with a 
shuttle sufficiently large to carry an adequate supply of thread and 
the general good operation of the apparatus. 

23,391. Knitting Machines. J. Marriott, of Nottingham. Dated 
December 19th, 1892. 

Relates to certain improvements applicable to circular rib or plain 
knitting machines for the purpose of adapting such machines for 
producing*tucked patterned rib or tucked patterned plain fabric or 
patterns in colours. 

23,524. Lock-stitch Sening Machines. 
bridge. Dated December 21st, 1892. 

Consists in providing a two reel lock stitch machine with a barbed 
hook arranged to oscillate about the reel holder, supported in a 
carrier, the hook being fitted to engage with and spread over the 
holder, the loops formed at the needle, each loop being drawn tight 
as the next in succession is being spread whereby the use of a take up 
is avoided. 

2,002. Circular Knitting Machines. 
Dated january 30th, 1893. 

The improvements have for object to enable longer or shorter loops 
to be produced at a certain part of the needle cylinder at the will of 
the operator. To produce shorter loops the leaves which divide the 
needle tricks are cut away at the upper part fora certain distance in 
their length at one part of the needle cylinder, and to produce longer 
loops than usual, the stitch cam may be lowered below its normal 
level at the uncut portion of the needle cylinder. 

21,697. Sening Machines. G. H. Colley and The Weeks Colley 
Manufacturing Company, of Jackson, Masz., U.S.A. Dated 
November 14th, 1893. 

Relates to multiple needle machines of the rotating shuttle type. 

One object is to provide means for readily introducing an’ extra 
needle or needles in an ordinary two needle or multiple needle 
rotating shuttle machine, having the usual double or multiple shuttle 
race. 

Another object is to provide means for multiplying the number 
of needles that may be actuated-by single driving shaft as ordinarly 
employed in one and two needles machines. 

A further object is to provide means for a plurality of shuttles and 
needJes without limiting the relative positions of the needles or the 
number that may be employed in a particular machine. 


A. T. Coleman, of Toy- 


W. J. Ford, of Leicester. 





YCLES.—Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 

pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 

your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 

wanted everywhere.—78 to $2, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. ~ 





=. COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 

= and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Tron and Steel Work for Bath Chairs, Bassi- 
aettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
and best workmanship at low prices for 
cash. 











FEB, I, 1894. 
OJ!LS.—Our Cash Prices for Sewing Machine Oils 
a 


re: 20Z. 14s., 3 0z. 16s., 4 0z. 18s. per gross, in panelled 
bottles, Oil guaranteed the best, or oils matched.—Address, The 


“Manager,” Lady Bridge Oil Works, 54, Spring Street, Hull. 
TO MANUFACTURERS.— A _ Gentleman well 


acquainted with the Sewing Machine, Bicycle, and Perambulator 
Trades has a splendid opening for those goods, on Sale or Return, to 
be sold for cash only.—Address, Machinist, 22, Middleboro, Colchester. 


"TRAVELLER WANTED to appoint Purchasing 

Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful inyention in 
Knitting Machines before the Trade. Only serious men holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 
Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 


VV ANTED, AGENTS for the NEW ROTHWELL 

CIRCULAR AND FLAT KNITTING MACHINES. 
For terms, &c., apply to W. Rothwell & Co., Limited, Albert Works, 
Bridgman Street, Bolton. 


GT. GEORGE'S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 

Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1893 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, and stove - enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 
was the novelty of the National Show. 


HARPER TWELVETREES, 
Laundry Machinery, wishes to appoint a 
SOLE AGENT 
in every Town not yet represented, Liberal Terms tothe Trade for 
cash, or quarterly accounts upon application.—Harper Twelvetrees, 
8, City Read, London. 


A Splendid chance for 
Cycle Dealers, Merchants, Shippers & Others. 

















Manufacturer of 


° 








. £6 15 O each 
510 0 ,, 


20 Pneumatic Safeties 
32 Cushion Tyre Machines . 
24 Solid Tyred Juveniles, 

with 26in. wheels SO Ore 


All New. Unscratched. Sample on approval. 


DEREHAM ROAD CYCLE CO., NORWICH. 
THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 


Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at 









Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 


St= Organette for 35 = (Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 
























3 Stops, 

Vox-humana, ed on 
Expression, & a an 
and Flute. a a a 

ae CDE were 
eae MO Child 
Sets of | 
Reeds. can Play it. 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipe 
etc., ete. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musi 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN Ti 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particul ~ 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLAC KBURD 





For PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


~R. WO 


OD & SONS, WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD., 


who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. Oast Toy, Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, a large quantity always in stock. 


TIMEPIECES 17s. PER DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE. 





Mar. 1, 1894 and Sewing Machine Gazette. 11 


SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS « 





Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 





















List. 
wT 
WAIL CARTS 0 chee 
of ese London Agent— 
d2scription Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 
and 
one 89, Holborn 
to Viaduct, 
suit E.C 
all = 
Trades. F = oa 
[Ass siwcurwuitcanr Ie Ag pei 


(ES THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR CO., Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAM, 
TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE. 


G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, SAMPLES, etc., Post Free. 





Swing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C 
RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


Factors or Wholesale Agents wanted for a Patent 


Step-ladder, having epecially attractive features. and likely to 
have a large sale; or Patentee would license or sell patent. Also that 
of small article of brassfoundry.—‘ Ladder,” Office of this Journal. 


SINGER'S Family and Medium as. per gross. Belts, 
spokes, &c.—S. Cox & Co., Eagle Works, Alcester. 








KING'S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 13, 
Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 
terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 
Silver Watches, &c., &c. 











MEMBER of the H.T.P.A., haviag extensive show 
rooms in central position in a good town, is open to receive on 
consign nent and to purchase for prompt cish, saleable lines in 
Domestic Machinery, Furniture, Cycles, Bassinettes, Musical Instru- 
ments, &c.—Address, ‘‘ Alpha,” 0/o Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 
eee EE 


TO HIRE TRADERS AND CAPITALISTS,— 
Capital Furniture Business for Sale in City of Bristol, doing 
about 45,000 per year at good profits. Good position, moderate 
rent, and valuable connection, Every proof as to amount of trade, 
profits, &c. Owner retiring sole cause of disposal. Price 45,009, 
including good book debts £3,000, or without book debts if desired.— 


NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 
Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W. 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 


Hus AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 

LAMPS.—The ‘‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 
Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 
Norwich. 








oe THE NEW PATENT BRITANNIA PETROLEUM 
rs] 


OIL ENGINE is the safest and most economical motive power 











Energetic Man, 13 years’ experience as manager in Sewing 
Machine business, up in hire system, and could undertake wholesale 
business with manufacturers using sewing machines if so required.— 
Security given.—Address, C., c/o Sewing Machine Gazette. 


BELTS.— Round, flat, square or angular. Round 44 in. 

to 48 in. (assorted lengths) 14s. ; 54 in. to 57 in., 16s. per 
gross. Well made from best English leather.—J, W. Cable & Co., 
35, Clerkenwell Road, London. 


OILS (Refined Sewing Machine) warranted not to clog 
4 oz. bottles, 15s. 6d. per gross. In bulk, ts. 3d. per gallon.— 
W. Cable & Co., 35, Clerkenwell Road, London. 





* yet invented.—Apply, Britannia Tool Factory, Colchester. Factories Address, ‘“ Furniture.’ Sewing{Machine Gazette. 
fitted up with engines, shafting. &c. z 
——— - BELTS! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
W ANTED, after 25th March, Re-engagement by Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 


lengths from 54 to 60 in. ; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Harvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 


ee rn 
ec OILS Burning and Lubricating, Loose or 

Bottled. Knitting Machine, Wringer, and Pram Oils. All 
kinds of Machinery Oils.—Lady Bridge Oil Works, Spring Street, 
Hull. i 





ee 
S EWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 
first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 


Glasgow. 























12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


[HE JOURNALOF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1s. per quarter, post free, which includes 
p free copy of the Hire Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription. —es. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified bythe twenty fifth of each month. 

Contributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information —We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers. in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columys, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 

In Writing to Us.-Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
‘© Editor,” at the address given below. : 

“Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders, 
Particulars on application. 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 

ist of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 
1 Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
40 subscribe ? 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
Iccal papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a// our readers do likewise? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C 


















































me On another page we reproduce certain 
Merchandiae correspondence which has taken place 
Marks’ Act, between Messrs. Geyer & Co., Limited, 
sewing machine importers, Bombay, 

and the Customs authorities of that city with 
reference to the word ‘‘ Phcenix” on the machines made 
in Germany by Messrs. Baer & Rempel, and imported by 
the above-mentioned firm into India; on the ground 
that ‘ Phoenix” was an English word, even 
thougn not of English derivation. The — col- 


Jector of customs held that its use was indirectly an 


indication of English origin, and therefore refused to pass 
a consignment bearing this name, thus spelled, until the 
words ‘‘made in Germany ” were subjoined, or the name 
to which exception had been taken erased. Against this, 
through their solicitors, Messrs. Crawford, Burder, Buck- 
land, & Bayley, Messrs. Geyer & Co., Limited, protested, 
and as a consequence a lenzihy correspondence has taken 
place between the contending parties, which certainly has 
many points of interest and enlightenment to merchants, 
manufacturers and dealers, who do a foreign trade. 

It is, of course, of the utmost importance to British 
manufacturers that not only the law on this matter 
should be clear and decisive, but that those officials whose 
duty it is to protect the trader by a vigilant and intelligent 
application of the powers given by such an enactment 
should know fully its precise meaning, so as to be able to 
define the line of demarcatior, between the wilful evasion 
of the law and mere trivialities, with perfect lucidity. 

Whilst prima facie there can be no possibility of doubt 
that the collector, as a reference to the correspondence 
will show, was perfectly within his theoretic rights in 
refusing to pass the goods, yet there is a possibility that 
in this particular case he acted with some indiscretion in 
allowing the name to be effaced, and sc—as is pointed out 
by Messrs. Geyer & Co. ina letter they addressed us on 
the subject—admitted goods into the country bearing no 
marks of origin whatever, and thereby facilitating ‘tmal- 
practice on the part of unscrupulous dealers. 

This question is one which requires very careful dis- 
section and analysis. Whether from seeing the word 
“ Phoenix” on an article one would conclude that it was 
English with as much certainty as if it were labelled 
“ John Bull Brand,” is open to doubt. It is not as if the 
word were peculiarly English or its orthography ditto 
but, as is well known, the word itself, being classic in 
origin, has become incorporated into the language of the 
nations of Europe generally, whilst in the Spanish the 
spelling is identical with that of the English. 

This admits of a very serious situation. Whilst the 
Germans are rightly excluded from using any word which 
does not appear in their vocabulary on goods manufactured 
in the Fatherland, yet it would be perfectly admissible— 





Mar. 1, 1894. 


and all the Merchandise Marks Acts in the world could 
not stop them—for Spaniards so to do, because it is part 
of their language, and then what becomes of the word 
“ Phoenix’? as an ‘indirect indication of British 
origin.” 

But we are inclined to think that the importance of 
the matter lies not so much in the actual point at issue, 
but in the principle involved. It has been proved that 
the word as it appeared on the machines was distinctly 
English, and therefore German manufacturers had no 
right to use it on such. It may seem a matter of small 
moment, but to our mind it is one of great significance, 
for had this precedent been created and German goods 
allowed to pass under an English name, then a breach 
would be made in the Act tirough which “‘coach and 
horses’? would very quickly be driven and the Act 
rendered abortive. But this has not been, though a large 
field for speculation has been opened as to what might be 
termed an ‘‘‘ indirect’ indication of British origin.” 




















The Story of the Sewing Machine. 
WITH REMINISCENCES, PERSONAL AND GENERAL. 
By NEWTON WILSON. 


——_____ 


CHAPTER XXIII. 
WILLCOX AND GIBBS. 

Long erethis it will havebeen noted by the observant reader 
that the public is indebted for the invention, or rather the 
combination of inventions comprised in the generic term 
“The Sewing Machine ” more to outsiders, as it were, 
than to trained mechanics. But the mechanical faculty 
is a thing of training; the inventive faculty, on the con- 
trary, is intuitive, and works and plays and acts free from 
the adventitious surroundings of prior training at the 
bench, the vice, or the lathe. 

Thus the first of all, Thomas Saint, was a cabinet- 
maker by trade, yet he possessed that inventive faculty 
which placed him and his creations in the first rank, both 
chronological and mechanical. 

Then Thimmonier, the French inventor of 1830,was a 
tailor by trade. 

Elias Howe, in 1846, was the first trained mechanic 
who applied his powers to the invention of the sewing 
machine, and these, while giving him gre1t prominence, 
were very limited in character and extent ; almost be 
ginning and ending with his patent of 1646. 

Nathaniel Wheeler and A. B. Wilson, the first a 
manufacturer of suspenders, and the second a watch 
maker, were neither of them mechanics in the narrower 
sense, though great ones in the broader sense of the term. 

Isaac Merritt Singer was a mechanic. He founded the 
great concern which bears his name, but the first 
machines were superseded ; entirely so, by others which 
followed ; the property of the Company, but not Singer’s 
invention. 

Like Howe, he was never able to liberate himself from 
the trammels of his first dominant ideas and develop 
those varieties of construction and form suited to modern 
requirements. 

Joseph Starly, the gardener of Lewisham, was 
getting 18s. per week for his day work, and occupied his 
evenings as house surgeon to a local hospital for sick ard 
wounded clocks and umbrellas. Yet this man was a 
thorough inventor, whose small, twinkling eyes, set in a 
big and burly frame, seemed to penetrate everything, and 
bespoke the intuitive faculty which he possessed to a re- 
markable extent, and which atthe present time, and in 
future years,will associate him as the founder of the Cycle 
manufactory in this country. 

And he last on this list, he, too, was associated 
with tne soil—Mr. J, ©. E. A. Gibbs, the farmer 
of Virginia, He it was that invented the singularly 
beautiful arrangement of the rotating ooper, which 
has been described and_ illustrated in a former 
chapter. In conjunction with Mr, James Willcox, 


Mar. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 13 





and taking nothing from the original patent save the 
looper, he effected a combination in the form of the letter 
CorG, Under this arrangement there was united a 
capacity for speed and an absence of noise as nearly ap- 
proaching absolute silence as could be conceived or desired, 
and which made the new machine an immense favourite. 
Not only did this apply to the household, but it became 
largely employed in the hosiery, the straw hat, and other 
industries, where the features already named, combined 
with the elasticity of the stitch, made it peculiarly appli- 
cable. 

The machine was placed in the hands of Messrs. Brown, 
Sharp, & Co., avery eminent firm of engineers and tool 
makers, at Providence, Massachusetts, by whom it was 
turned out a thoroughly perfect production of the firm. 

To these causes may be attributed the very rapid 
success which it met within the United States, the 
United Kingdom, and the Continent of Europe. 

It was not by any means a cheap machine, fetching 
quite as high aprice in the market, or nearly so, as the 
more costly machines in construction which had pre- 
ceded it, and amongst which it had cto fight its way. 

Asecond patent was taken out for improvements in 
the looper which extended its point backwards, consti- 
tuting a sort of heel tothe hook, and adding somewhat 
to the security of its action. To this was also added a 
protecting shield or disc placed immediately behind, but 
in close proximity to the looper. These various patents 
of the Willcox and Gibbs firm were, unfortunately for 
them, overloaded with claims which, to the American 
mind, rendered themstronger, but to that of the English 
expert very decidedly weaker. 


ft has often been a matter of observation that an 
American inventor appears to imagine that whatever he 
succeeds in patenting at home must, as a matter of course, 
be newabroad. This is strengthened by the knowledge 
that the home patent has had to stand the crucial test of 
the examiners of patents at Washington, and if it emerges 
safely from their hands, it is supposed to be safe the 
world over. It is a fallacy, but it is one frequently illus- 
trated, and the remarks we have made, and are now 
making, apply with distinctive force to the different 
patents of the Willcox & Gibbs Company. 


They were aggravated in these cases by the vanity of 
Willcox, senr., who, firmly believing that his son was a 
great engineer and inventor, did not fail to assert it. ‘‘ My 
son,’ he would say, ‘‘invented that, I know he did.” 
Hence, when Ishowed to him that some of these inven- 
tions, in fact, several, and notably the peculiar hemmer 
supplied as an extra with the machine, and showed who 
had invented it—Mr. Morrison, the foreman of Joseph 
Gillott, steel pen manufacturer, of Birmingham—it will 
not be surprising to learn that the information was 
received with small thanks. But when its truth had been 
confirmed, and Mr. Willcox had accepted a license from 
Mr. Morrison, it became necessary to disclaim the non- 
novel portions of each patent. In one case the hemmer 
was the chief feature, in the other the glass disc tension. 
This latter was the invention of Joshua Kidd, a York- 
shireman, in 1855, and was the parent of all the disc 
tensions. 

flach of these disclaimers I opposed. But the depieted 
patents were allowed on certain conditions, one being 
the free use of everything made prior to the date of the 
disclaimer, and the other the payment of the opposer’s 
costs. 


But nowcamea new and important movement on their 
part. It wasa petition to the Judicial Committee of 
the Privy Council for an extension of the patent. To 
this, too, I entered an opposition. It was also opposed by 
others in the trade, and by Mr. Nahum Salamon, of the 
Howe Sewing Machine Company. This was ia the early 
part of 1871, the first looper patent expiring in July 
of that year. 

The most extensive and elaborate preparations were 
made for the hearing of this application. A colossal 
model in wood of the, looper, some two feet in length, 
was prepared, surely to impress the judges with the 
colossal nature of the invention. 

Mr. Gibbs, the inventor, was brought over from 
America to aid in the great struggle- 

Mr. Grove, O.C., the most eminent scientific counsel of 


4 


the day, subsequently Mr. Justice Grove, conducted the 
case for the petitioners, and he was aided by American 
counsel brought over for the occasion, but who, of course, 
could take no part in the application to the Court. 

In the course of his opening, Mr. Grove pointed out 
that the policy of the Willcox & Gibbs Company had 
not been to grant licences under their patents, they had, 
in fact, but granted one, viz., to Mr. Newton Wilson, and 
this they had cancelled for alleged infringement of the 
terms of the licence. The object of this statement was 
to prejudice my opposition to the extension of their 
patent. But it produced quite an opposite effect, the 
Court holding that I had an especial interest ,in the 
question beforeit. One of the conditions attached toan 
application such as Mr. Grove was making was the pre— 
sentation of astatement of accounts showing the profits 
that had been made on the invention during the currency 
of the patent. In the account thus presented on behalf 
of the company, the profits were enumerated year by 
year, exhibiting a very rapid increase ; those for the last 
year, that is, the one previous to the application, being 
£15,000, but—and here is a very important but—that 
represented English profits alone. My Lords called- for 
the production of the profit statements in America and 
elsewhere. These were not forthcoming ; then a few 
minutes consultation took place in the Court on the part 
ofthe Lords of the Privy Council, and judgment was given. 
In it a scathing rebuke was administered to the applicants 
for having wi/fudly withheld information from the Court 
which ought to have been presented. The unanimous 
judgment was, that the petition should be dismissed with 
costs, which in the first place were fixed at £1,000, but 
after wards reduced to £500. And so ended this immense 
mountain in labour. 

Still another defeat awaited thecompany. They had, 
as indicated, given notice to cancel the licence 1 held 
under their patent of 1857, andthey had commenced a 
suit against me for injunction, and for damages for an 
alleged breach of the terms of the licence. I had not the 
slightest idea ofthis until one day a gentleman walked 
into my office and served me with a bill in Chancery as a 
commencement of that suit. 


The offence or breach charged was that on a certain 
day I had sold a ‘‘ Queen Mab” machine from my branch 
office in Birmingham without having the words and 
figures impressed upon it thus, “ Licd. Pat. 1857, No. 
1971,’ and bearing my consecutive number. 

Thad never been asked for any explanation of this, and 
I did not know of it. It was simply an unworthy trick to 
pick out onesuch machine, for there was no other, and 
then charge me thereon with an implied fraud. The suit 
did not come on for hearing until the following year, 
1872, when it was heard before the Master of the Rolls, 
nearly a year after the expiration of the patent. I may 
here state that on the receipt of the notice for the deter- 
mination ofthe licence [had madea return of all the 
machines using the patent, whether whole or in process 
of manufacture, and which included this very machine, 
and had paid to the company the full amount of the 
royalties accruing. 

I appeared in the Court with the cleanest of hands. To 
the affidavits the plaintiffs had made, I had filed a full 
reply, and the Master of the Rolls, without calling on my 
counsel, gave judgment in something like the following 
terms :—‘ This,” said he, ‘fis an action for costs, the 
patent has expired. The plaintiffs have been paid all 
their legitimate claims. ‘The evidence shows that for the 
trifling technical alleged breach no explanation was 
asked, or it would at once have been forthcoming, and I 
only regret that I cannot adequately punish such an 
outrage as is now before me. Thesuit is dismissed with 
costs.” 

The whole sum involved in it was an imaginary 3s., 
and for this, and to prejudice me in the proposed renewal 
or extension of their patent, they had put me to all this 
trouble, labour, and expense. 

I am sorry to add that the case reported is not the only 
one in which persons in the trade were induced to pro- 
cure for pretended buyers an odd machine using the 
looper, and on which bills in Chancery were forthwith 


filed. 
It is the part of the historian to tell the facts, and to 





14 : The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Sara ee IBAA 


reveal the vices as well as the virtues of his dramats per- 
sone, but it becomes a melancholy task to record such 
frailties and such meannesses as have been unfolded in the 
present chapter. 

(Lo be continued.) 








MR. FAMES GIBBON.* 


& Like many more good men, Mr. James Gibbon first saw 
the light of day in the East-end of Glasgow. When, we 
leave our readers to judge from the candid features limned 
below. For no fewer than twelve years Mr. Gibbon was 
engaged in one department and another of the Howe 
Machine Company, so it cannot be gainsaid that he knows 
whereof he speaks when he talks “ cycle.” Five of these 
years were spent in the management of the Howe Com- 
pany’s depot in Trongate, Glasgow, and upon the old 
company going into liquidation in 1890, Mr. Gibbon 
purchased the stock, book debts, &c., of the city depot, 
and continued the business on his own account. He early 
saw that to carry on profitably, he must needs seek habi- 














tation in the more central part of Glasgow, where the 
cycle trade do congregate, and May, r&91, saw him in- 
stalled in what was then the largest depot in Mitchell 
Street. His success here was, alas, short-lived. At the 
end of the season, while seeking with his family at Troon 
some well-earned repose, he received the distressing news 
that his shop had been totally destroyed by fire. Mr. 
Gibvon is not the man to sit down under misfortune. 
He has all the energy of a small but well-knit frame, all 
the steady application and determination of a Scot. The 
very next day he had taken temporary premises in West 
Nile Street, and workshop and store in Drury Street, and 
there he saw the season through. In February of last 
year he found permanent accommodation in a com- 
manding shop at 98, West Nile Street. Here he has, 
perhaps, the finest show-rooms it has ever been our lot to 
see. Four large windows set off his wares to conspicuous 
advantage, while within he has room and light enough 
to exhibit scores of bicycles more. In the rear, he has an 
excellent little workshop, where mechanics are always 
ready to tackle the most critical repair. Mr. Gibbon still 
retains the representation of the Triumph, Hudson (now 
the New Hudson), and Coventry Eagle—‘“ lines” that 
have stood the test of satisfying his numerous clients. 
To these he has now added two other sterling agencies 
—the Rover and the Reform—while a machine of his own 
adoption, yclept the Standard, comes in a good last 

Besides cycles, Mr. Gibbon still devotes his attention to 





* Weare indebted to the ‘ Scottish Cyclist” both for permission to 
produce their article and portrait. 


Mar. 1, 1894 





the sale of sewing machines, perambulators, &c. In this 

respect he stands a practical refutation of the assertion 
that these businesses cannot be combined to advantage, 

and, with a steady, all-year-round trade employs no fewer 
than ten hands. His depot is a model of orderliness and at- 
tractiveness, a state of things which often elicits expres- 
sions of admiration from such as frequent cycle agencies 
all over the kingdom. Of our friend’s social side we 
cannot speak with much knowledge. He is a homing- 
bird when he is not on business bent. Now and then we 
meet him on his Triumph, usually accompanied by two 
charming little daughters on Rover safeties, out for a 
twenty or thirty miles spin “to blow the cobwebs off.” 
(Zntre nous, ifthere are any cobwebs there are certainly 
“no flies”? on James Gibbon.) He seldom accompanies 
the Glasgow merchants, to whom he owes allegiance as a 
member, and his presence at race meetings is not frequent. 
In cycling politics he is, though not uninterested, quite 
unknown ; he is an intelligent spectator, but he takes no 
part in legislation. Sometimes he pays tribute to an 
evening meeting ; but the fact is, Mr. Gibbon’s forte is 
cycle-selling, and business wisely commands almost his 
whole attention. Sober in thought,word, and deed, earnest 
in all things, he impresses one with his sterling honesty of 
purpose. Though keen as a buyer, he is equally punc- 
tual in discharge of a bargain—a model customer to 
the cycle-maker. In our category of cycle trade ac- 
quaintances no man stands in higher esteem than James 


Gibbon. 








“THE GREATEST SHOW OF SEWING 
MACHINES.” 


Such is the heading of an advertisement which has 
appeared during the last ten days or so in the Daily 
Graphic and elsewhere, and which goes on to say, ‘‘ Over 
1,000 of Frister & Rossman’s machines cxhibited in 
over 500 ft. of frontage. Jones Bros., Holloway Road.’ 
This was surely what would be deemed, in modern phrase- 
ology, rather a large order; and, living near, I must needs 
go to seeit. Now Holloway Road, from the Seven Sisters 
Road southward till you approach the railway arch, 
constitutes on its eastern side one of the market centres 
of London, and Jones Bros. is the largest establishment 
in that centre, but its 500 ft. of frontage must be taken 
cum granum salis. It probably includes, though rather 
paradoxical, the frontage of the rear. 


Now, “‘the greatest show ” occupied but 60 ft. of this 
frontage ; and comprised not, 1,oco machines, but 300 or 
thereabouts. Still.it was a brave show. Not only were 
the machines creditable in their construction and finish, 
but there was also sample work exhibited, one specimen 
of which, mounted in a glass frame and representing a 
bouquet of flowers, all highly coloured, might not un- 
worthily be pitted against the show of work in the rival 
establishment of the Singer Company, opened but a few 
weeks ago in the adjoining block. 


This new departure in picture needlework is quite a 
modern but a very striking development, and in it the 
Singer Company are At. Old sewing machine man as I 
am, and familiar wita all of consequence that has been 
done for forty years, this work excites my unqualified 
admiration. Could our great grandmothers have been 
here to see it how they would have opened their 
eyes, rubbed their spectacles, and hastily hidden away 
those samples for samplers in silk and woolwhich were 
the glory of girlhood 100 years ago. 

I take the whole show to be an expression of that keen 
and bitter rivalry which animates the two firms, and 
which has not been lessened by the defeat of Frister & 
Rossman in Mr. Justice Romer’s Court last year. One 
other point I noticed, and this was the total absence of 
the word “Singer,” with either “system” or “ principle ”’ 
added thereto, from the large cards which surmounted each 
one of the 300 F. and R. machines on exhibition. 

February 21st, 1894. NEwron WILSON. 








A CorreECTION.—In our last issue, in speaking of the 
enlarged factory of Messrs. Seidel & Naumann at Dresden, 
we stated, on the authority of a letter received from that 
firm, that they had produced 3} million sewing machines. 
The number should have read “three-quarters of a 
million.” 











_ they may be too loose, 


Mar. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


Us) 





@INTS ON REPAIRING AND ADFUSTING 


SEWING MACHINES. 
[COPYRIGHTED ] 
TENSIONS. 
BY R. E, PARER IN THE Sewing Machine News. 

Some months ago, in fact, nearly a year ago, as it was 
in the January number, ‘‘ W.H.O.” gave your readers 
some good advice on sewing. In it he made but a short 
mention of the tensions, though at the very start he 
admits that they play a most important part in good 
sewing. His was a most commendable article, and was 
noted by a good many of your readers, as could be seen 
by the remarks made by other writers; but he did not, 
in my opinion, say as much about the tensions as might 
have been done. Perhaps it is just as well, or I might be 
searching for a subject now instead of having this one 
ready-made for me.. In treating on it I will endeavour to 
do so from an adjuster’s as well as from a repairer’s point 
of view. A repairer must always be an adjuster too, 
though frequently a person may be called upon to adjust 
a machine that does not need repairing, and experience 
has told most of us that in such cases the tensions are the 
features that call for attention. “ W. H. O.” says, 
“above all things don’t have them too tight, and re- 
member that what will be tight for a coarse thread will be 
still more so for a fine one,” or words to that effect. 

This is quite right as far as it goes, but it doesn’t 
always go very far with certain styles of tension devices. 
With a wheel or any rotary tension device his remarks 
would apply every time, but how with a plate tension, 
and one not by any means new at that? I haveseen flat 
or plate tensions on machines that had been used in 
families where No. 50 cotton was as fine as they ever 
employed utterly refuse to exert any pressure on a No. 70 
or 80 thread. And why? Because the coarse thread had 
worn a groove in the tension plates through which the 
fine thread slipped without any friction, and there can 
be no tension where there is no friction. The remedy in 
such cases is selfannouncing. The plates must be made 
level again either by filing down to a bearing, by building 
up, or replacing with new parts. Disc tensions, too, are 
apt to give similar trouble, especially when the discs are 
retained in one position by a pin passing through them. 
When the latter is not the case a partial turning of one or 
both discs will give a new bearing surface and remedy the 
evil. 

But sometimes the tension device is all right and in 
perfect working order, and still they don’t go just as they 
should. Other things and conditions being as they 
should be the cause may naturally be sought in the bad 
adjustment of the tensions. They may be tootight and 
Queer though it may seem, I 
have known machines to break thread, when running at a 
high speed, when the tension was too loose. In such 


_ cases the needle carries down the usual adequate amount 


of thread, but the stitch-forming mechanism takes a little 
more from the spool, and this is just tco much. This 
extra amount is iu the way ; it gets into all sorts of places 
and positions, particularly when running fast, and is soon 
broken either by the shuttle or hook or is snarled around 
the needlé and snapped off. My plan is to give the 
machine just as much thread as it needs to make a good 
stitch on the material to be sewn, and no more, This 
can generally be regulated entirely withthe upper tension. 

A very common error is that of using thread entirely 
too coarse for the goods sewn with it. Thus, for fine 
muslin, especially on children’s clothes, I have known 
women to use No. 50 cotton when No, 80 would have 
been far better. They may have had that in the house 
and didn’t want the trouble of going out after finer, or 
they didn’t know any better. However, thestitch didn’t 
suit ; the under thread came up through too much, and 
when the bottom tension was increased the stitch became 
shorter and the seam was drawn and too tight. Then 
the bottom tension was restored to what it had been and 
the upper one eased. Result—loose, uneven sewing, 
with stitches altogether too long. Working under such 
conditious a woman soon gets tired, then becomes 
impatient, and, like all the dear creatures, looks for the 
cause in any and every place except in her own self. The 
machine is declared to be no good. ‘‘May be good 
enough for common work, but not fit for anything nice ; 
I wish I had that agent here, I'd give him a piece of my 
mind,” 





Poor fellow! What would he do with a piece of such 
a mind as that woman has at that time ? 

Again, fine work is frequently done with a needle far 
too coarse for the goods though the thread may_be fine 
enough. Result—uneven, crooked stitches, looking like 
a miniature snake fence. Of course, the tension is to 
blame and the screw is given an extra turn. Did you 
never observe that that is a woman’s one remedy, the 
panacea and cure-all for all diseases the sewing machine 
is heir to—the tension? Perhaps it’s too handy, too easy 
of access, and it might be that a machine that could not 
have its tension changed so easily would not get out of order 
so often ; something after the machines in factories that 
have the feed-adjusting device in a case to which the man 
in charge carries the key so that the operator cannot alter 
the length of a stich. However, when that’s done then 
my occupation’s gone, 

But to return to the coarse needle. It is a fact that 
fine sewing, on thin material or on that which is very 
soft, can be done much better with a needle a little too 
fine than with one that is too coarse. The needle will 
carry the thread down as the goods are yielding, the 
puncture will be much less, and all danger of skipping, so 
common with fine thread, will be greatly lessened, if not 
entirely removed. 

No, I am not ¢rifting from my subject, although I may 
seem to be doing so. It is my desire to show that while 
the tensions play a most important part in machine 
sewing, there are influences and conditions that make it 
appear that the tensions were at fault or out of adjust- 
ment, and the attempt is made to remedy the evil by 
changing them when it is really something else that should 
be changed. It may be the needle or the thread or both ; 
the stitch may be too long or tooshort, but the tension is 
expected to regulate all these things. 

My advice to all repairers, adjusters, and operators— 
and my experience sustains me in making the assertion— 
is to adjust the tensions so that the stitch shall be even, 
as nearly alike on both sides as possible, that the goods 
shall not be drawn or puckered ; in fact, a satisfactory 
stitch, but not wumntil other necessary conditions have been 
complied with. If a coarse thread is to be used on heavy 
goods, insert a needle to match. If fine thread is to be 
used put in a fine needle, and always use a thread that 
is not too heavy for the goods. It is folly to use thread 
ever so much thicker than the material sewn with it and 
expect to have the stitch alike on both sides. And why 
should it be used? In ninety-nine cases out of a hundred 
the material of a garment wears out before the stitches 
give way, and those that do break don’t do so because the 
thread is not near enough related to a clothes-line, but 
probably because it had been put in under a tension that 
destroyed its strength and taxed it beyond all reason by 
placing a strain on the thread in a puckered seam. I say 
employ cotton as fine as you can—with reason, of course— 
adjust the tensions so that the stitch will be alike on both 
sides and no tighter than is necessary to make a smooth 
seam, and your sewing will not rip in the laundry, and 
you will have no trouble with your tensions, 








PRESENTATION TO A MANAGER.—On Thursday, February 15th, the 
agents and collectors of the Singer Manufacturing Company at Dews- 
bury presented to their manager, Mr. J. Bates, a silver-mounted 
walking-stick suitably inscribed in recognition of the high esteem im 
which he is held by the employees. The presentation was made on 
behalf of the subscribers by Mr. J. White, who eulogised on the good 
feeling which has'existed since he had been in Dewsbury district. Mr. 
Bates carries with him the good wishes of his Dewsbury friends. Mr. 
Bates has left Singer’s to take the management of Jones’ Sewing 
Machine Company’s Manchester Office. 








qr SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS.— 

Wanted a manufacturer to produce a new patent machine of a 
special character, which is already perfected. Machine can be seen at 
work.— “* Maker,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 


ee 
CYCLES.— Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 

pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 
Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 


dvantage. 
your advantag e.—78 to 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 


wanted everywher 
Street, Glasgow. 


HARPER TWELVETREES, 
Laundry Machinery, wishes to appoint a 
SOLE AGENT 
in every Town not yet represented, Liberal Terms to the Trade for 
cash, or quarterly accounts upon application,-— Harper Twelvetrees, 


8, City Road, London. 


Manufacturer of 











16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


HOW TO CONDUCT THE RETAIL SEWING 
MACHINE BUSINESS. 
PrizE Essay No. 13.* 


As the business of selling sewing machines is under 
the present systematic arrangement divided into 
different departments, each of which the machine is 
compelled to pass through before a sale or lease is con- 
summated, I shall endeavour to give my views of the 
manner in which each department should be conducted 
so as to make the business a success. 

In the first place, there is the canvasser, trudging 
wearily from door to door—meeting with many dis- 
couragements and oftentimes insuits—upon whose 
efforts depend in many instances the support of a family, 
and who at first dreams of later-on pecuniary benefits 
in the form of more lucrative positions. 

To you, Mr. Canvasser, I would say, be brave, 
polite, persistent, and good-natured. Never go to a 
door with the smell of beer or tobacco on your lips, and 
never. “on your life” with a cigar between your teeth. 
Don’t talk slang or politics, eschew pointed jokes, and 
shun profanity. No matter how humble your position, 
strive to be a gentleman, and not a ‘Smart Alec”’ ; this 
latter class being the greatest curse of the business up to 
date. 

In regard to your hours of work, I would advise 
three hours in the morning and as many in the after- 
noon, no matter if some enterprising manager tells 
you that you should put in ten hours a day, he is 
only fooling you ; he never thought of such a thing 
when he was pulling dcor bells. You don’t want to 
call on a lady in the morning before her beds are made 
or her hair-papers are taken down ; neither should you 
call when she is hurrying to get the dinner ready. If 
you are asked to call again, have a time appointed and 
be there according to appointment. Never run down 
your competitors, as it lowers you inthe eyes of sensible 
people ; and you may later on run up against him in a 
personal interview and find him a bigger man than you 
are. Follow these instructions faithfully, and if you 
don’t prove a success give up the business and apply for 
a position on the police force. You are fit for nothing 
else. 

Secondly, to the waggon man, who jaunts merrily 
through the country. You want all of the foregoing 
qualities in a marked degree. Your hours of labour 
must of necessity be longer; your horse may think 
differently, but his opinion is notasked. If the com- 
pany which you represent sends you on the road with 
a boneyard representative for a horse and a ram- 
shackle waggon, drive up to the office of the humane 
agent, and take his receipt for the horse, which you 
can mail to your employer with your application for a 
new rig. This will bring either your discharge or 
the required turn out; if the latter, pitchin and win ; 
show that you are deserving of a decent rig to conduct 
a decent business with. 5 

Understand your machine perfectly and have it 
adjusted before putting it in the house of your prospec 
tive customer. ‘Try and close your sale immediately, or 
at least before the novelty wears off. In consummating 
your sale, don’t tell the customer that your company is 
rich aud don’t need money, that they can have their own 
time to pay in; that Mrs. So-and-So took five years and 
your company never found fault. If you pursue this 
course you are a liar, and in a short time the whole com- 
munity will know it, and your collections will be down 
to 48 per cent. ; after which you will hire out to another 
company and traduce your late employer, and finally 
fetch up in jai! with a blasted reputation. 

Thirdly, tothe manager of the country agency office: 
Dear sir, ‘‘ Come down off the perch” ; as a general thing 
you are entirely too previous. -A little brief authority 
has turned your brain, consequently your stay is apt to 
be short,.and the people wonder at the many changes and 
lose confidence in the company which you (mis)represent. 
Mr. Manager, take off your coat and pitch in with your 
men. Help them, encourage them; be their friend, 
their champion, their leader, and not their driver. Your 
success depends on their efforts, and they are not ignorant 
of the fact. 





*In the United States “Sewing Machines Times.” 


Mar. 1, 1895. 


Don’t be a tale-hearer among your men, or you will 
encourage strife instead of promoting harmony. — It 
takes brains, and those of a decidedly fine quality, to 
manage a corps of sewing machine men. Your office 
order; the average schoolboy can keep the books 
required in your business, but it takes a level head to 
run an office even if you employ only two or three 
salesmen. Paste these remarks in your hat ; and when 
you feel it growing too small for your head read them 
over carefully, after which your head will assume its 
normal proportions and the company will be the gainer 
by the shrinkage. 

Fourthly, to the collector. You, sir, should be not 
only a gentleman, but a philospher and a good judge 
of human nature. Call for your collections promptly 
on time. Do not be too familiar with your customer, 
neither too distinct. If he entertains the idea that the 
company is a philanthropic association, disabuse his 
mind of that idea as soon as it crops up; make him or 
her understand that the lease which they have signed 
is binding, that the company owns the machine until 
the last dime is paid, and that unless the terms of the 
lease are complied with, they are at the mercy of the 
company, which, at its option, may take back the 
machine, in which case the amount paid is forfeited. 
Keep this before the mind of the customer who has a 
tendency to become a delinquent at the very commenc2- 
ment, and my word for it you will have a good per cent. 
of collections and few re-possessions. 

‘Finally, brethren, be steadfast.” The writer has 
never been a hewling success, and for that reason feels 
capable of advising other unfortunates. I have simply 
pointed out the shoals, quicksands, and breakers upon 
which my frail craft has beat for the last twenty years, 
and although it may not eome up to the standard ofa 
prize essay and may not be quite up to the teachings of 
the “ Sermon on the Mount,” yet the author contributes 
it with the hope that it may do some little good to the 
boys at large, especially those who are prone to faint by 
the way. 


THE MERCHANDISE MARKS ACTIN INDIA, 


The following correspondence has taken place with reference to the 
Indian Merchandise Marks Act. 

From Jehangeer Dossabhoy Framjee, Esquire, First Assistant Collec- 
tor of Customs ; to Messrs. Geyer & Co., Bombay. 
Prince’s Dock Custom House, Bombay, 3rd November, 1893. 

Gentlemen,—With reference to the twenty-two cases of Sewing 
Machines imported by you, pers.s. Braunfels, from Bremen, I have 
the honour to inform you, that as the machines are marked Phcenix 
without an indication of origin, the Merchandise Marks Act has been 
contravened, the use of an English word on foreign-made goods being 
held to be an indirect indication of British origin. The collector has 
accordingly ordered that the machines should be passed after ‘* Made 
in Germany ” is conspicuously painted on them in as close proximity to 
Pheenix as possible. 

2. The collector isunable to admit your contention that Phcenix is 
not an English but a German word. In the German language it is 
spelt Phanix, and not as it is spelt on your machines. He has, how- 
ever, decided to forego a penalty in this case provided you give a written 
undertaking that all future shipments of the Phoenix machines will have 
‘“‘ Made in Germany” duly shown on tem as conspicuously as the word 
Pheenix.—Yours, &c., : 

(Sd.) JEHANGEER DosSABIIOY FRAMJEE, 
First Assistant Collector of Customs. 








November 15, 1893. 

From Crawford, Burder, Buckland, & Bayley; to the Collector of 

Customs, Bombay. 

Sir,—Messrs. Geyer & Co. have handed us the First Assistant Col- 
lector’s letter, No. 3.533, of the 3rd instant, in which they are informed 
that 22 cases of Sewing Machines importel by them marked Phoenix 
without an indication of origin, contravene the Merchandis? Marks 
Act, as the use of an English word on fore’gn-made goods is held to be 
an indirect indication of British origin. 

Messrs. Geyer & Company feel, and it appears to us very reasonably, 
that this ruling is stretching the meaning of the Act and the Rules very 
severely, and the correctness of the decision is certainly in this par- 
ticular case very questionable. 

In the first place we must demur from the statement that ‘ Pacenix” 
is an English word. Phcenix is the Latin rendering of the name of 
an Oriental mytholagical bird supposed to have lived in the Arabian 
wilderness, and allusions to it are found in the hieroglyphic writings, 
and the fable still survives in popular forms in Arabia, Persia, and 
India. It is also the name of a palm and the name of the son of 
Amyntor, the companion of Achilles in the Trojan War. Formerly in 
English it was written Fenix, andat page 48 of “ Mandeville’s Travels” 
we find ‘‘ Than the bird Fenix comethe and Crennethe himself to 
askes.” Itis now Phenix or Phcenix after the Latin spelling. In 
Tellers German-English Dictionary it is written Phonix, English 
Phenix. In Tanchrist’s Italian Dictionary it is Fenice in Italian and 
spelt Phenixin English. In Newman and Bareth’s Spanish-English 
it is Phoenix or Phenix, and in English Fenix, and in Hamilton and 
Lygros’ French-English Dictionary it is Phenix, and is used in-La 








Mar. 1, 1894. 





Fontaine, vous etes le phenix des hotes, jc. In Webster’s Dictionary, 
1856 Edition, itis spelt in both ways Phcenix and Phenix ; but it is 
under the Jatter spelling that the derivation and meaning is given, and 
in Latimer’s first Sermon before Edward VI., 1549. we find, ‘‘ For 
God’s love lethim not be a phenia:; let him not be alone.” 

It is difficult, therefore, to see by what right Phoenix is claimed as an 
English word, and when the same word is common, as we have shown, 
to Germany, Italy, Spain, and France, and is undoubtedly Latin and 
certa‘nly Greek. If, as is contended in the letter under reply, the use 
of itis an indication that the goods are of British origin, then it is an equal 
indication they are of German, Italian, Spanish, and French. That it 
is German there can be no better proof than the German circular of the 
makers which we have in our possession, printed in German from 
beginning to end, in which “ Phcenix”’ (sic) appears over and over 
again, the title on the cover being ‘‘ Baer and Rempels Nene Phcenix 
Nahmaschine.” 

The Pheenix bird is the trade mark of the firm, and has been for the 
last thirty years, and we understand no machine of that name is made 
in Englard. F 

In the letter under reply it is stated that in the German language it 
is spelt Phonix. It is quite as often spelt Phoenix, as shown by the 
printed circular before us, just as in England it is quite as correct to 
spell it Phenix as Phcenix. Phenix Park in Dublin is so spelt. 

It is at best a word sto’en from another language, and common to a 
great many, to make up for the poverty of our own, and a stolen article 
can never become the property of the person stealing it, and even if 
adopted still remains the property of its real owner. 

The mere fact of using a numeral word or mark is not in itself an 
indication cf the place or country in which the goods were made 
unless accoraing to the custom of the trade such numcral word or 
maik is taken tu be such indicaticn. As Phcenix sewing machines are 
only made in Germany, if it indicates anything it must indicate, 
therefore, that fact to the trade. 

Instances of Greek words especially, and also Latin, common to the 
English, German, ard French languages are so innumerable that it is 
unnecessary for usto do more than remind you of the fact, and we 
presume it is net contended that any word ccmmon to all three 
languages is an indication of ene country more than another. 

We beg to invite your further consideration of the matter as one 
important to trade, not only in respect of this particular word on a 

_particular article, but in respect to all words common to other languages 
than English that may be used on any article, and we should be glad 
to see you, to arrange that a case should be brought before the Court in 
order that a judicial opinion might be obtained.—Yours, &c. 
(Sd.) CRAWFORD, BURDER, & Co, 


From J. M. Campbel Esquire, C.S., C.I.E., Collector of Land 
Revenue, Customs and Opiun, Bombay; to Messrs. Crawford, 
Burder, and Co., Solicitors, High Court, Bombay. 

Bombay Custom House, 24th November, 1893. 


Gentlemen, —With reference to your letter of 15th instant, on behalf 
of your clients, Messrs. Geyer & Co., I venture to think that the 
authorities quoted by you, to which I ry add Flugel’s German- 
English Dictionary, show that the name Phoenix, spelt as it is spelt on 
Messrs. Geyer’s machines, is not a German, French, or Italian 
word, but is peculiar to Spanish and English. Messrs. Geyer & 
Co.’s contention that the word is German appears, therefore, to ce 
unfounded. 

But even admitting that Phoenix (so spelt) may be a German word, 
it is to be remembered that in this country the universal language is 
English, and the fact that the machines bear a name which is English, 
though it may also belong to many other languages, would at once lead 
a purchaser to suppose he was buying an English-made article. The 
use of the word Phcenix is, therefore, an indirect indication of English 
origin within the meaning of section 2 (iid) of the Act. In such matters 
the decisive test is not the custom of the trade, but the natural and 
ordinary meaning of the trade description. 

With reference to your suggestion that a test case should be 
brought before a Court, I venture to think that there are no elements 
of doubt or uncertainty in the matter, and it is, therefore, unnecessary 
to take the course you propose. If Messrs. Geyer & Co. are dissatisfied 
with my decision, it is open to them to appeal to the Commissioner 
and to the Government of Bombay.—Yours, &c,, 

(Sd.) A. M. S. Jackson, 
for Collector of Land Revenue, Customs, and Opiurn. 
5th December, 1893. 
From Crawford, Burder, Buckland, & Bayley; to J. M. Campbell, 

Esquire, C.1.E., Collector of Land Revenue, Customs, and Opium, 

Bombay. 

Sir,—We have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your letter 
of the 24th ultimo, No. C 9417, relating to the wordPhcenix on certain 
machines impoited by Messrs. Geyer & Co., and as you maintain it is 
an English name, and though it may belong to many other languages, 
would, therefore, Lecause English is the universal language in India, at 
once lead a purchaser to suppose he was buying an English article, 
we see no use in continuing the discussion. It is difficult to under- 
stand how a Jangnage can be called universal in a country with a 
population, according to the 1881 census, of 199,043,492 inbabitants 
(we speak of British India only), out of which cnly 7,646,712 males 
and 277,207 females are icturred as able to read and wiile. Probably 
at the outside a fcurth of this number can speak English, or 2,000,ccc 
persons. 

Mesers. Geyer & Co. desire an independent judicial opinion, not 
cnly for the sake of the present case, but to guide them and the tiade 
eencrally under similar circimstances, for if P).cenix is claimed as an 
Erglish word, and as an indication that anything having Picenix upon 
it must kave keen made in England, it is impossible to say to what 
extent the claims will be carried. 

The appeals referrcd to in your letter would take months, and in the 
erd would not be of such an independent nature as to inspire confi- 
dence, and meanwhile Messrs. Geyer & Co.'s gecds are not improving 

being left in the Custcms Hcuse. Thcy, therefore, propose to 
paint out the word ‘‘ Pkanix ” if upen their caing co you will allow 
the gooas to be cleared.—-Yours, &c 


and Sewing Machine Gazette.? 


17 


From J. M. Campbell, Esquire, C.S., C.1.E., Collector of Land 
Revenue, Customs and Opium, Bombay; to Messrs. Crawford, 
Burder, Buckland and Co., Solicitors, High Court. 

Bombay Custom House, 7th December, 1893. 
Gentlemen,—With reference to para. 3 of your letter, dated the 5th 
instant, I have the honour to inform you that instructions have been 
issued to allow Messrs. Geyer & Co, to paint out the word “ Phoenix ” 

and pass the sewing machines.—Yours, &c.,, 

(Sd.) A. M. S. Jackson, 
for Collector of Land Revenue, Customs and Opium. 








THE WAY THEY ADVERTISE IN CELYVON. 


A correspondent sends us a specimen circular which is now being 
largely distributed in Ceylon, and of which the following is an exact 
copy :— 

SEWING MACHINES COMPANY, 
(Limited) 
18, Main Street, Colombo, 
Have in Stock :— 

Weir's Sewing Machines, Patronised by Her Majesty the Queen. 
Jones’ Hand-Sewing Machines, as supplied to Her Royal Highness 
the Princess of Wales. 

Singer Sewing Machines,  Patronised by H.E. the Governor of 
Ceylon. 

Naumann’s Sewing Machines, which have gained the Highest Awards 
at Exhibitions. 

White’s Machines, so Simple and so Peerless. 

N.B.—Unlike the Singer Manufacturing Company, which offers its 
customers Honson’s Cnoice8, that is, Singer’s Machines, or none, the 
Sewing Machines Company, Limited, endeavours to place before pur- 
chasers a variety of Sewing Machines of different styles by different 
makers: Erglish, Continental, and American, not cmitting even the 
nuch advertised and highly puffed ‘‘Singer”’ of the Singer Manu- 

ecturirg Company of America, But ** Old Singer’s” days are done 
All bcrcur to Stevenson, the Inventor of the Steam Engine! But 
v culd Stevensen’s ‘‘ Original Engine” take you up to Haputale? So 
with Sewing Machines. The ‘‘Singer,” at one time a most useful 
principle, invented by Snger, of Germany, is behind the times, and is 
slowly but surely givirg place to cther types more adapted to modern 
requirements. 
Unjust Pretensions and Humiliating Defeat 
of the q 
Singer Manufacturing Company. 

Pefore the Egrepiovs Supreme Tribunal of the State of Sao Paulo. 
Tke Singer Manufacturing Company vs. Max Nothmann. 
Judgment. 

That seen and examincd in revision and new Judgment recited and 
discussed as dictated by Jaw and in fulfilment of the venerable 
sentence Number 2.70£ of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice, the 
annexed records of revision crime, between parts as appellor the 
def:ndant Maximilian Nothmann, partner and sole holder of the 
social firm of Max Nothmern & Co., and as appellor the plaintiff the 
Singer Manufacturing Company, and considering that although it is 
plainly proved by the records, the defendants has for many years, and 
even before the querulant company was incorporated, imported from 
Germany, advertised and sold sewing machines under the denomina- 
tion ‘‘ Singer Improved.” Withal this fact alone does not constitute 
the crime of undue use cf a commercial name, foreseen and defined in 
Art. 14 of the law No. 3,346, of October 14th, 1887, because it lacks 
some of its elements ; considering that the commercial name of the 
plaintiff and as such registered is “ Singer Manufacturing,”’ and from 
the records it does not appear that the defendant, on his sewing 
machines, advertisements, invoices, or any other document, usurped 
that name ; considering that it is truly in virtue of the statements of the 
article referred to of the law No. 3,346, that the usurpation of a name 
or commercial firm will be considered as existing, whenever the 
reproduction is identical or with omissions or alterations, but one con- 
dition that there be a possibility of error by the purchaser; con- 
sidering that the defendant making use of the name “Singer” on his 
sewing machines by no means could deceive the good faith of the 
purchasers in the fraudulent intention to gain profits to the detriment 
of the plaintiff, because the marks are completely different, as decided 
before, beyond all doubt, without imitation or counterfeit, and the 
differences are of such a nature as to be recognised without close ex- 
amination or confrontation; considering that it is exuberantly de- 
monstrated that the name ‘“‘Singer” is used by the defendant as a 
qualification of a certain and determined system of sewing machines, 
and when it would be proved that Isaac Singer was its inventor, it is 
certain that actually his name does not signify its patronymic repre- 
sentation, and neither is simply a commercial name, but a qualification 
of the invented product by which it is known in the market, and 
having fallen into public dominion, can be improved or perfectionated 
without loss of its denomination, and without that the new manu- 
facturers commit any crime————- considering that the qualifying 
name of an article, where no privilege exists as in the present case, is 
general property and can be added adjectively to these articles, of 
which there are nume:ous examples in commerce ; considering that 
the plaintiff the Singer Company, not pc ssessing privilege for the use 
and structure of sewing machines manufactured by her under the name 
of ‘‘ Singer,” and which she says to have invented, on the pretext of 
usurpation of its commercial name, pretends to acquire by this means 
a PERPETUAL and ObIOUS monopoly; considering that not only in the 
United States of North America, but likewise the sundiy states cf 
Europe, the plaintiff has begun lawsuits upon identical grounds, and 
not been attended in her UNJUST PRETWNSIONS with success; con- 
sidering that an anonymous Com pany as the plaintiffs the Sirger Manu- 
facturing Company, which must have a denomination arising out of 
its object or convention, for its juridical nature cannot have a name is ° 
current doctrine in justice and consecrated by Law; upon these 
foundations and all the other contents of the records, we pronounce 
THE ACTION UNJUST, and absolye the cefendant of the accusation 





—————— 



























































18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


MAR. 1, 1894. 





moved against him. The cost to be defrayed by the plaintiff the 
Singer Manufacturing Company, 
Singer Manufacturing Company v. Hermann Loog. 
The unanimous Judgment cf the House of Lords against the Singer 
Manulacturing Company, with £20,000 costs, will be published 
and circulated in due course. 


































































































Mr.S.Smith, late with the Singer Manufacturing Co. at Salisbury, will 
shortly open premises at Bournemouth for the sale of domestic 
machinery. 


- * 


Mr. E. Lawrence, sewing machine and furniture dealer, of Buck- 
ingham, has extended his business to include Cycle and Pram, repairs, 
&c., in addition to that of Sewing Machines, and also is open to receive 
offers of good lines in sundries. 

a «© 
= 

A correspondent requests the addresses of the following :—C.Davidson, 
Jate Victoria Street, Heckmondwike ; Wm. Hendrie, late 94, Mouce 
View, Coatsbridge, Scotland ; W. H. Hill, late Church Road, Hendor, 
N.W. Weshall be pleased to hear from anyone who can supply the 
same. 

dats 

A correspondent is requiring the address of the owners of a new 

three-stitch machine, He believes they reside in Manchester. 
= * 


“ 
Messrs. W. Finney & Co., wringing machine and furniture dealers, 
have changed their premises from 3, Cambridge Street, to69, Fountain 
Square, Fenton, Stoke-on-Trent. 
* * 
* 

Owing to increasing business, and the necessity of having a more 
central address, Gebruder Nothmann have removed their London 
office from 56, Doughty Street, to 184, Aldersgate Street, where Mr. 
Rausnitz can be seen during the ordinary business hours. 

* = 


* 
Mr. Handel Wheatley, pram rug manufacturer, Evesham, would be 
pleased to receive circulars relating to pinking machines and appliances 
suitable for cutting the fancy borders of pram rugs, 
* * 


* 

The business of Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Ltd., at Glasgow, has so 
increased of late as to necessitate their removal ofthe branch to more 
extensive premises, and they have, therefore, secured new quarters at 
232, Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow. 

* * 


The Nottingham address of Messrs. Bradbury & Co. Ltd., has recently 
been altered, they now being located in more commodious and suitable 
premises at 9, Heathcote Street, Nottingham. 

s * 


A striking departure from the general form of domestic machinery 
delivery carts has been brought out by Mr. W. J. Mace, of George 
Street, Hove, who has produced one in the similitude of a locomotive 
engine. 

pang 

There has recently been decided in the Chancery Division of the High 
Courts of Justice by Mr. Justice Chitty, a case in which the perplexing 
question of convenants between employers and employes was con- 
cerned. In this case, Kavanagh v, Dallaston,one in which the defendant 
covenanted not to carry on a business within two miles of plaintiff 
(a former employer) during a period of two years, it was held that the 
same was not unreasonable as an undue restraint of trade, and, there- 
fore, motion to enforce covenant was allowed. 


JONES’ “C.S." MACHINE. 


We have just had an opportunity of examining the 
new family machine which Jones’ Sewing Machine 
Company are about to put on the market, and can con- 
fidently state that it is calculated to make a considerable 
stir in the trade. Itis a bold thing to say, but we are 
inclined to think that it is the lightest and quietest 
machine ever constructed. 

The accompanying wood-cut so clearly illustrates the 
mechanism of the “C.S.” (cylinder shuttle) that it is 
almost superfluous to give any technical description. As 
our readers will observe, the shuttle is driven by a single 


Ih | <SJONES 














































































































lever, operated by an eccentric on the upper shaft, and 
the feed obtains its motion from this same lever. It is 
obvious that this arrangement not only has the advantage 
of fewer parts, but it is impossible to get the machine out 
of time. It is surprising that such valuable improvements 
have not been thought of earlier. 

We might add that the shuttle is of the cylinder type, 
unusually capacious and easy to thread. Further, that 
the “ C.S.,” both in the hand or treadle form, is of the 
usual Guide-Bridge standard of manufacture ; in other 
words, it is of the very best workmanship and finish. 





TP RAVELLER WANTED —Well-known and _ long- 

established Manufacturers of Washers and Wringing Machines 
want Representative for London, South Coast, and West. Must have 
good connection among Ironmongers, Stores, Sewing Machine Agents, 
and General Furnishers. State salary and references to “ Beta,” 
Sewing Machine Gazette. 





OUR TRADE DIRECTORY. 


SEWING MACHINES AND ACCESSORIES. 
Machines a Coudre. 
Baer & Rempel, Bielefeld, the Phcenix. 
Bradbury & Co., Ltd., Wellington Works, Oldham, and Branches. 


Bradbury C , 249A, Hizh Holborn, London, W.C., Grimme, Natalis, | 


& Co.’s machines. 

Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., 59, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., 
the Branston Two-reel machine. 

Bishop’s Cluster Co., 147, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Gloria 
machine and others. 

Eclipse Machine Co. Oldham, Lancs., the Eclipse machine. 

jones Sewing Machine Co., Ltd., Guide Bridge, Jones’ machines. 

Kimball & Morten, Ltd., Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, the Lion machine 
and others. 

Lohmann, C., 22, Jewin Street, London E.C., the Electra machine, 
and others. 

Murdoch J. G. & Co., Ltd., g1, Farringdon Road, London, E.C., 
various machines, 

National Sewing Machine Co., Fetter Lane, E.C., the National 
machine. 

Patent Button-Hole Machine Co., 4, Newgate-street, London, E,C. 

Plaff, G. M., 132, Wool Exchange, London, the Pfafi. 

Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E-C., the high arm 
Naumann machines and others. 

Singer Manufacturing Co., 39, Foster Lane, London, and branches. 

Standard Sewing Machine Co., 94, Hatton Garden, E.C., the Standard, 

Gordon & Gotch, 15, St. Bride Street, London, E.C.,the Domestic. 


Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., Lim. Albion Street, Birmingham, 


Daniel Tones’ Patent Two-reel machine. 

Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley, Yorks., the Cyclops machine. 

Vertical Feed Co., 24, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Vertical 
Feed machine. 

Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 

White Sewing Machine Co., 48, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., the White 
machine. 

Wheeler & Wilson Co., 21, Queen Victoria Street, E.C., the Wheeler 
and Wilson machine, : 


| 





Webster H., 442 & 444, Harrow Road, London, W., the New Home 
machine. d 

Zschwinzscher, G., 102, Fenchurch Street, E.C., Biesolt & Locke’s 
machines. 

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 

Bell, W. and Co., 95, New Bond Street, London, W. 

Grover and Wood, 62, Glengall Road, London, S.E. 

Lohmann, C,, address given above. 

Murdoch, J. G. and Co., Ltd, (automatic, etc.) do. 

Peters and Co , do, 84, Oxford Street, London, W. 

Whight, G and Co, do address given above 


KNITTING MACHINES. 
; (Machines & Tricoter). 
Biernatzki and Co 44, Mansfield Road, Nottingham. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Harrison Knitting Machine Co , Manchester. 
Rothwell & Co., Lim., Bolton. 


| Stibbe G., 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 


BEDSTEADS. 
Atlas Bedstead Co., Bilston, Staffs. 
; WASHING AND WRINGING MACHINES. 
Machines a& Laver. 
Acme Machine Co., Henrietta Street, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
American Wringer Co., 122, Southwark Street, London, 
rubber wringers. 
Cherry Tree Machine Co., Cherry Tree, Lancs., washers and mangles. 
Kimball & Morton, Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
Taylor & Wilson, Atlas Works, Accrington. 
BICYCLES. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Oxford Cycle Co., Worcester Place Works, Oxtord. 
St. George’s Cycle Co., Upper Street, London, N. 
Roberts H. S., Deanshanger, Stoney Stratford,Bucks. 
Seidel & Nauniann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C. 
Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 


SE; 


UNPRECEDENTED SUCCESS. | 








THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO. 


WORLD'S FAIR, ule 





A i af the Greatest oe and Interest | 
| TO THE USERS OF EARLIER STYLES. 


) MACHINES OF ANYBODY'S MAKE REPAIRED OR EXCHANGED. 


_THE SINGER f HANUFAGTURING OO, 


CITY SHOWROOM : 147, CHEAPSIDE, E.C. 
8 Offices throughout Great Britain and Ireland. 





















































20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Mar. 1, 1894. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON ATE lee AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


THE “BELL” ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD. 
95, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W. 


HARROP ap 


Acknowledged best Makers in the Trade for High-class 


BABY CARRIAGES, 
MAIL CARTS 6 BATH CHAIRS 




































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Coloured Catalogue sent on 
application, with best Terms to 
the Trade. 


SAMPLE SHOW ROOM— 
385, ELY PLACE, HOLBORN, 
LONDON, E.C. 
AGENT —- MR. E. E. JENKINS, 














Special Show Day Rvery Friday. 


Works—Bury Street Mills, STOCKPORT. 
oinehesalle EEECLOTER oo as OL EES EUAVOS SSS S. 


4 6, BARR Sa. RE Eg BIRMINGHAM. 


REGISTERED DsSIGN. 









































: SAE AOTURERS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION OF PERAMBULATOR FITTINGS, HOOD JOINTS, HANDLES IN BRAS3 
AND WOOD, BRASS HANDLE RODS, TOY FITTINGS, IRON HOOD FRAMES, GANOPY TRONS, SPRINGS, BODIES, &o, 


Mar. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 





THE 


American Wrin 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE C0.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 


































































































=| Un i | 


The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ’* WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ** HOUSEHOLD”? WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Consider‘ng the quality cf the materials used, the ‘‘ HONUSEHOLD”’ 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


BOOOHSOSHOHHF HOF 5999050009000 0000009 
WHAT I$ THIS ? gas 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
We_ guarantee all 











rollers in our ma- 





chines to have an 





equal thickness of 





rubber to that shown 
in the sketch. 











The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Onr new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER 60,, 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 


L 


GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 








The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
i Glove Knitter in the Market, 





SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
J CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





SWIFT GOLD MEDAw 


TTER 


KHITS Stockings ribbed or plain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING 19 

WOOL, SILK. or COTTON. INSTRUC 

TIONS FREE, Lists 2d. per post 
TRIUMIUANT AWARD at PALIS. The on'y 
WINNER in the WOTID of COLD VEDALS 
WAN RISON ENITITNG MACHINF GO. 
Up er Brook S1.. Ma chester 


NEW HARRISON 








and 22 other Honour’. 
Works: 43, 





The New 


.ROTHWELL KNITTER 


J is the only machine in the world 
( which can knit every garment 
$9 that can be done by hand. 


It woull take three days by hand what could be done on the 
“New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and thousands of ladies 
who have entirely abolished hand knitting are now earning good 
incomes ai their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything, in either silk, wool, or cotton. 


Write for prices and full partioulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 













Ve 


SS 


NAN 
— =© Sy 


Gis 

























Messrs. Freeman, Thomas, & Co., of Birmingham, have removed 
from Broad Stree! to new premises at No. 3, Great Charles Street, 
Birmingham. 


See 
* 


From henceforth the Centric Cycle Company will be known as 
Messis. C. B. Bishop & Co., their address being 14, Edgbaston Roaa, 
Moseley, Birmingham. 

+s 
* 

We note that at their new depot on Holborn Viaduct the Whitworth 

Cycle Company have adopted the gradual payment system. 
+ * 


American firms are giving up 30 by 28 in. wheels as a standard in 
favour of “equal 28's.’ 


* * 
* 


With a capital of £3,000, the Corrugated Rim and Air T) rz Com- 


pany have recently been formed in Newcastle. 
* * 


* 
The National Cycle Company, Limited, have opened a branch depot 
znd workshops at 3, Bridge Street, Aberdeen. 


* * 


* 
Branch depots have been secured by the New Ilowe Company at 
Cardiff, where they have taken the premises of Mr. E. K:nnard, in 
Church Street; in Newcastle-on-Tyne, at Westgite Road; aid at 
<ing’s Road, Reading. 
King’s Koad, R g oa 
* 

For thesale of Triumph cycles, Mr. A. Farnell has beea appointed 

agent in Bradford, and Messrs. Thompson & Sonsin Sheffield. 
* * 
* 

For the information of our Russian readers, we note that Messrs. 
Kudrin, Fedoroff, and- Kossonroff have established themselves at 
Moscow as cycle dealers. 
bie 

A new anti-vibrating system for cycles has recently been patented 
py Mr. J. H. Bunstead, of Poulton-le-Flyde, its feature being that of a 
pneumatic tube intervening between the frame and the wheel pin, 
whereby the wheels are practically attached to th: fram: without any 
m®tallic connection, the advantage of which is obvious. 


+ * 
* 


The John Griffiths Cycle Corporation, Limited, have secured splendid 
premises at 40, Whitehall Street, Dundee, 


= 


22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Messrs. T. Warwick & Sons, Limited, and Messrs. Hudson & Co, 
Limited, have amalgamated, and now trade as the Cycle Components 
Manufacturing Company, Limited. 
~ * 
* 

Messrs. the Cycle Accessories Manufacturing Company, of 14, 
Holborn Viaduct, E.C., have been appointed agents for Barton and 
London's detachable gear case. 

* * 
* 

A new seat-pilJar for ladies cycles has just been brought out by Mr. 
J. Howes, of Cambridge, which should Ee seen by all who cater for 
lady cyclists. ee 

From Germany hails another new tyre. Itis the invention of Mr. 
L. Holt, of Frankfort-on-Main, and is pneumatic not only in the tyre, 
but the fixings thereof aiso, this latter being accomplished by auxiliary 
air-tubes, which, when inflated, pin the tyre against the wheel rim. 

x * 


Messrs. Bruce & Alexander, of Niddry Street, Edinburgh, have 
opened new premises at 48, Nicholson Street, of that same city. 
x x 


* 
The very latest invention is a steam cycle, which has been con- 
s'ructed by an American—Dr. W. H. Libbey, of Boston. 
* *” 


* 

Mr. W. R. Warrilow, the weli-knowa cycle manufacturer, of 
Weston-super-Mare, is making rapid progress. In addition to his 
branches at Chippenham, Trowbridge, and Bridgwater, he has just 
opened a depot in Cardiff. 








sani i Tm a 


TuirmmeiNTT 
























il 


11410 
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New show rooms have recently been opened at 27, Royal Exchange 
Square, Glasgow, by Mr. Maxwell. 
* * 


* 
The sole egency for the sale of Dr. A. Stelzner’s patented stringed 
instruments in Great Britain has just been obtained by Messrs. Breit- 
kopf & Haertel, of 54, Great Marlborough Street, W. 
* * 


_ Mr. H.J. Crippen, who, during life, was president of the Prescott 
Piano Company, of Concord, has recently diedin America. He was 
born in England, at Canterbury, in 1837, went to America when quite 
young, and during his life held many prominent and hcnourable 
municipal offices. 

boa 
Several new styles of Messrs. Newman Bros.’ 6-octave organs have 
recently been introduced by Messrs. R. Cocks & Co., 6, New Burlington 
Stree’, their London agents. 
* * 
2 
Mr. E. H. Story, of the Story and Clark Organ Company, paid a 
visit to London early this year. 
& * 
* 
The Music Trades’ Association have just issued their sixth Direc- 
tory, wherein are given a number of hints on the working of the hire 
- system, and useful hire-purchase system and discount tables. 
* * 


+ 
A pretty pianette has recently been added by Messrs. Matz & Co. 
to their already comprehensive stock. It isa full trichord, with a full 
steel frame, and is of choice appearance. It can be seen at Messrs. 
Matz & Co.’s show rooms, 27, St. Aun’s Hill, Wandsworth, S. W. 
* * 


* 
Messrs. Geo. Rogers & Sons are rebuilding their premises at 60, 
Beiner’s Street, W., and have a temporary place at No. 17. 
mk 


od 
A neat contrivance has been invented by Messrs. A. Allison & Co., 
whereby] the illumination of the piano 1ausic stand is effected by 
electricity in a very perfect manner. 






Mar. 1, 1894. 







Failures and Arrangements. 





HENRY BORRIDGE,; domertic machinery dealer, residing at 124, 
Alfred Street, Nottingham, lately trading at 258, Alfred Street, 
Central, Nottingham. 

The above bankrupt came up for his public examination at the 
Nottingham Bankruptcy Court on the 2nd ult., before Mr. Registrar 
Speed. The debtor, in reply to questions put by the Official Receiver, 
said his assets consisted mostly of book debts, payable by instalments. 
The total amount of these was £15 16s. 3d. A few days before filing 
his petition he sold book debts value £20 for £5. The book debts still 
remaining were of the same quality, and would at that rate produce 
about £4. The day prior to filing his petition he sold his stock fixtures 
and fittings, partly privately, and partly by auction. Privately he 
obtained £2 1os., and by auction £5, and the £11 which he paid on 
filing his petitioa was made up of these sums, together with the 
amount he obtained for the book debts. The whole of the furniture 
in his house was claimed by his wife. All the goods were fairly and 
honestly his wife’s, and never belonged to him. His wife came into 
some money on the deathof hermother. She bought her mother’s 
furniture, because the rest of the family could not agree as to the 
division. He did not know how much she spent in buying the goods, 
He becameaware of his insolvency about twelve months ago, and he 
had since contracted debts. He knew he was inan insolvent position 
when he ordered those goods, but he hoped trade would improve, 
and enable him to pull through. The examination was then ordered 
to be adjourned. 

C. J. GRIFFITHS, domestic machinery dealer, Nor’ West Machine 
Stores, Willesden Junction, and branches. 

The above has been adjudicated bankrupt. 
further particulars in our next issue. : 
J. J. EGDELL (Egdell & Co.), cycle and sewing machine dealer, 

Newgate Street and Eldon Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

A deed of arrangement has been filed in the above. Unsecured 
liabilities, £2,971 3s. 1d. ; estimated net assets, £2,095 3s. 5d. 

E, SIMMONS (deceased), house furnisher and machine dealer, High 
Street, Burton-on-Trent. 

The estate left by the above has been found to be insolvent, and an 
offer of 1os. in the pound is being made to the creditors. 

GEORGE LUCAS, furniture and machine dealer, 398, Walworth 
Road, London, S.E.« c 

The above has been adjudicated a bankrupt. 


List of creditors and 





TT RAVELLER WANTED to appoint Purchasing 
Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful invention in 
Knitting Machines before the Trade. Only serious men holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 
Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 





VV ANTED, AGENTS for the NEW ROTHWELL 

CIRCULAR AND FLAT KNITTING MACHINES. 
For terms, &c., apply to W. Rothwell & Co., Limited, Albert Works, 
Bridgman Street, Bolton. 


St. GEORGE'S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 

Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1893 List which isnow 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, and stove -enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 


was the novelty of the National Show. 

£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 

ditch, London, or Birmingham. 














THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 
which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 








ANGLES 








AT 
ERIEIGHMEL.E: YZ PRICES. 


DESIGNED FOR HARD USAGE. 
NO BETTER SEASONED ROLLERS IN EXISTENCE. 








WRITE FOR LIST OR SEND YOUR NAME ON POST CARD AND TRAVELLER SHALL CALL. 


OTHER 


SPECIALTIES IN 






ACCRINGTORNT. 








Mar. 1, 1894: and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


“RIGHT AHEAD AGAIN.” 


POeCweve esses 


SEASON 1LSO4. 


BSB ow oS 














STAR goods were never so good before, and never did manufacturers 
have so many enquiries as we have had already thus early in the season: 
As we have repeatedly stated, “merit WILL always tell,” so perhaps this 
accounts for the rush we are having. 





Our new Catalogue is 
now ready, and is a 
perfect gem; 52 pages 
full of valuable informa 
tion respecting our well- 
known Manufactures; 
and embracing a range 
of goods of a kind never 
before submifted to 
Dealers. 
























































































































































































































































CHEAP, ELEGANT, TASTY 


Jesroatestostcateatcoteatee’s 
Rorzoryeaiosieaieaieesesleere 
































if you have not already | 
received a co.y of our | 
new Catalogue, it is to | 
your greatest interest | 
to write for it at once. | 


We shall be happy ito. 
Send it you upon re 


ceipt of your applica | 
tion; and you will find © 
it will repay the trouble 
Moreover, and what is 
more to the point, you 
will find just the good — 
you have so long been | 
looking for. | 


WE ARE WAITING 
TO HEAR FROM 
YOU. | 


Beautifully ee aia and well Finished. 


STAR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, | 
STAR WORKS, GOODINGE ROAD, YORK ROAD, LONDON, N. 


i 4 i 






























































































































































1, 1894. 


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Mar. 1, 1894, 





IN MEMORIAM. 
TUE LATE MR. NATHANIEL WHEELER. 


So, from thee sense has fled ! 
So, in thee life is dead ! 
Brother, thou’rt gone ; 
Gone from the striving earth 
Just when we knew the worth 
‘Of what in thee had birth, 
From us thou’rt gone! 


No more to care for fame ; 
Ccld, while we praise thy name, 
Friend, sleep on! 
Closed are thy busy schemes, 
Done with thy mortal dreams, 
How poor each hope now seems 
Veteran, sleep on! 


Not dust alone to dust, 
Not to decay, our trust 
Says, thou art gone ; 
Somewhere, thy parted soul, 
Past this, our life’s last goal, 
Breathes on “neath God’s control, 
Where thou art gone. 


Soft tears are in our eyes, 

Round thee are tender s sighs. 
Veteran, sleep on! 

All lost tous thou’rt not, 

Fear not to be forgot! 

Love still shall be thy lot, 
Veteran, sleep on! 


Well hast thou done in life, 
Well faced the heat and strife, 
Thou who art gone ; 
Striving thy days to fill 
With work that seemed God’s will, 
Now He bids thee be still. 
And thou art gone. 





NOTE: 
A Thousand 
assorted 
Bedsteads at 
Old Prices 
for Immediate 
Orders. 


NO ADVANCE 
WRITE FOR LIST. 











and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 





Gone from toil, hope, and pain, 
Gone from dreams, dreamed in vain, 
Veteran, sleep on! 

What matters, "neath the sun, 

Not more by thee was done! 

Now thou thy race hast run, 
Veteran, sleep on ! 


Yet, to the tender skies 
Upward we raise our eyes, 
Now thou art gone. 
Where thou art, who shall tell ? 
Yet, where’er thou <lost dwell, 
Thou art gone where ‘us well, 
So peace, thou'rt gone ! 


So peace, or, it may be 
New lives thy soul shall see, 
Cold form, sleep on ! 
Yet, through all worlds, thou still 
Wilt thy life’s ends fulfil, 
Toiling to do God’s will, 
Cold dust, sleep on! 


O, while our hearts here make 

Sorrow for thy dear sake, 
Friend, who art gone ; 

Shall our hope all be vain, 

Our dear hope, that would fain 

Trust te know thee again, 
Where thou art gone. 


Yes, we shall see thee there, 
In other worlds more fair, 
Still striving on ; 
There, ‘neath another sky, 
Thy soul its powers shall try, 
Soaring, perchance, more high, 
Where thou art gone. 


(We have been specia'ly requested to insert the above lines. which 
were written by Mr. II. Moore, sewing machine dealer, Wellingboro’.) 


Prices cut 








Fine for Prompt 
Cash Buyers. 


BEDSTEADS 


From 7/~ each, 





PERAMBULATORS 
From 15/6 each. 


MAIL CARTS 
From m 7G eac each. 





AMERICAN a DOMESTIG” SEWING MACHINE 




















FOR THE FAMILY OR THE MANUFACTORY. 
IT STANDS AT THE HEAD BECAUSE 


It is the simplest machine made, haying few parts, no complications, and requires little 
skill in management. 

It is the lightest-running machine, hence produces less fatigue in operating, and on that: 
account is especially recommended by the medical faculty. 

It is adapted to the greatest range of work, will do the finest as well as the heaviest, and is 
suited to the use of all appliances that facilitate the ordinary, fancy, or difficult work. 

It is always ready for use, and requires no special adjustment when the work is changed. 

It is the most durable machine ever made, Its construction is in accordance with the most 
advanced and approved mechanical principles, and all the parts are case-hardened, working 
on adjustable conical bearings, 





HAND MACHINES from £4-4s., TREADLE MACHINES from 25 10s. 


Terms and full particulars can be obtained from 


GORDON & GOTCH, 15, St. Bride Street, LONDON, E.C 


AGENTS WANTED WHERE NOT ALREADY REPRESENTED. 





26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Mar. 1, 1894. 





THE WORLD'S FATR. 
No. VI. 
SEWING MACHINE SECTION (contznued). 


William Weitling. Pat. No. 45,777, Jan. 3, 1865. f 
An early type of button-hole machine, having two needles carried by 


the same needle-bar, one needle penetrating the cloth near the edge of } 


the button hole, and the other passing through the button hole. A 
reciprocating shuttle carries a locking-thread through loops of the two 
needle-threids. 


j. A. & H. A. House. 
No. 56,224, July 10, 1866. 

An attachment for making button holes applied to Wheeler & 
Wilson family machine. 


Loaned by Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company. 

Job A. Davis. Pat. No. 58,614, Oct. 9, 18€6. 

‘This is the second *‘ Vertical Feed ” machine. 

Loared by the Davis Sewing Machine Company. 

E. E. Kilbourn. Pat. No. 59,746, Nov. 20, 1866. 

First machine especially assigned for uniting looped fabrics by 
elastic seam. Stationary, straight plate, provided with pins for 
supporting work. Carriage, supporting sewing mechanism, caused to 
move progressively along work-holding plate by rotating screw. 

I. M. Singer. Pat No. 60,433, Dec. 11, 1866. 

Thread-delivery eye of shuttle coincident with its axis of oscillation: 
Feed-bar operated by bar moving transversly thereof. Stitch regu- 
lated and feed reversed by turning-plate connected by link to hand- 
lever. 

A. Bonnaz. Pat. No. 83,910, Nov. 10, 1868. 

An embroidering machine wherein a hook-needle is used to make a 
chain-stitch. The characteristic features are a universal feed 
mechanism whereby the material may be fed in any desired direction, 
combined with mechanism for correspondingly rotating the stitch- 
forming mechanism to maintain the proper relation of the hook of 
needle with regard to the line of feed. A stop-motion mechanism is 
also provided. 

J. A. House. Pat. No. 124, 360, March 5, 1872. 

Form of revolving-hook machine, capable of sewing leather, heavy 
and light fabrics. Hook provided with guard overlapping seizing toe, 
which prevents cast-off loop catching while being drawn up. Hook 
variably speeded, and needle-bar variably speeded in its reciprocations, 
take-up properly co-operating. 


J. A. House. Pats. No. 124,350, March 5, 1872, and No. 145,570, 
Dec. 16, 1873. 

Needle-bar driven by a vibrating lever; rotary hook driven with 
variable motion, and an independent take-up. For general sewing on 
cloth and leather. 

Loaned by Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company. 

Daniel Mills. No. 127,423, June 4, 1872. 

One of the first lock-stitch shoe sewing machines adapted for sewinz 
both ‘‘ turned” work and “welted” work. Its characteristic features 
comprise a curved awl, a curved barbed needle, and a shuttle recipro- 
cating across the line of stitching in a plain oblique to the surface of 
the work. 


ou 
VV ANTED, one or two good CANVASSERS to sell 
our Mangles, Wringers, &c.,on Easy Terms. Good C ommis- 
sions to good men.—App!y, Crouch End Domestic Machinery Stores 
and Cycle Depét, 39, Crouch End Hill, N—T. Arnold, Manager. 


Pats. No. 55,365, June 26, 1866, and 





WHY DONT YOU 


ROTHSCHIL) 





J. L. Hinds. Pat. No. 131,166, Sept. to, 1872. ) 
G.S, & A. L. Darling. Pat. No. 163,629, May 28, 1875. 
T. M. Rice. Pat. No. 176,686, April 25, 1876. J 
This is the third ‘‘ Vertical Feed ” machine. 

Loaned by the Davis Sewing Machine Company. 

E. Shaw. Pat. No. 132,325, Oct. 15, 1872. 


This machine is especially intended for use in the manufacture of 
boot legs. A series of adjustable awls and hook-needles (the latter 
being supplied with thread by a double thread-guide) are so arranged, 
in combination with a lap-seam guide, as to overlap the edges of the 
material and sew parallel lines of stitches. 


S.S. Turner. Pat. No. 133,553, Dec. 1872. 


One of the early machines for sewing straw braid. Among 
its characteristic features are a self-adjustable work-plate, which 
changes its position to suit braid of varying thickness, so as to avoid 
changing the appearance of the seam at the upper surface of the 
material ; an eyea needle and a hooked needle are arranged to recipro- 
cate at an angle to cach other, and in planes diagonal to the surface 
of the work-plate. 

J. Stewart, Juar. Pat. No. 141,397, July 29, 1873. 


This machine is for sewing bands on hats, ani is provided with a 
rounded bed-plate to conform to the contour of the hat, and has the 
usual stitch-forming and feeding mechanism. A series of adjustable 
guides enables bands of various widths to be guided to the stitch- 
forming mechanism. The machine has also a device for putting 
tension upon the band as it is fed to the machine. 


Orville Brewster. Pat. No. 149.714, April 14, 1874. 

Corey & Muther. Pat. No. 245.997, Aug. 23, 1881. 
Muther & Dearborn. Pat. No. 299.568, June 3, 1884. 
Muther & Dearborn. Pat. No. 299 569, June 3, 1884. 


This is a bag machine, and was the foundation of the present 
business of the Union Special Sewing Machine Company, of Chicag>. 


Loaned by the Union Special Sewing Machine Company. 


{00 Safety Bicycles, 


PNEUMATICS AND CUSHIONS. 


Thrown on our hands, too late for Shipment» 
OFFERED AT RIDICULOUS PRICES, 
MUST BE CLEARED, 


WRITE FOR LIST: 


F.G.POTTER & C0). 


CYCLE MANUFACTURERS, 
DEREHAM * ROAD, 4 NORWICH. 


O1LS.— Our Cash Prices for Sewing Machine Oils 
are: 20z. 14S., 30z. I6s., 4 0z. 18s. per gross, in panelled 

bottles. Oil guaranteed the best, or oils matched.—Address, The 

“Manager,” Lady Bridge Oil Works, 54, Spring Street, Hull. 


WRITE TO 


BAKER, 























ar. St Pauls Ssquae, Birmingham, 


FOR 


NOVELTIES 


IN 




































































































































































































































































Perambulators, 

















HIGH CLAS 


GOooDs. 


Hail Carts, 


Invalid Chairs ? 











LOV PRICES. 


Mar. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 27 





BIG DISCOUNTS. Bid PROFITS. 


VACANCIES in a FEW TOWNS for LIVE AGENTS. NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE, 





















l. 


Sk Sp 





SN 


ene == Vien 
Ny |S. MEELER 8 WILSO 
















Wt | 
i | 
| iy 








NYTHING, 


i, NYWHERE, SER pe We 
ANY SHAPE, THE “NO.9” IS EVER READY TODOIT, 


“UNY TIME, 








1t took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading machines of the world as the most advanced 
sewing machine mechanism. 


The rotary principle is the true one and wins every time. 


Agents wanted wherever not represented. Address for terms, 


WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CO., 
21, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 





<< SP ee eee ea 
























The follcwing list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 

929. W. J. Ford, for improvements in knitting machines and fabrics 
made thereon. 

1,217. E. J. Blincoe, for a cotton holder and cutter for sewing 
work-table. 

1,293. A. E. Jerram, for improvements in or connected with sew- 
ing machines. 

1,351. 8. 7. Richardson, for certain improvements in children’s 
perambulators, bassinettes, mail carts, and other children’s carriages. 

1,400. G. Moore, jun., for improvements in perambulator fittings. 

1,651. L. E. Blackwell and P, R. Harrison, for improvements in 
sewing machines, 

24, 670A. G. Worsley, jun., J. Brelsford, A. E. Worsley, and F. 
Cree, jun., for improvements in sewing machines. 

1,898. R. Hadean, a communication frcm W: E. Elliott, of United 
States, for improvements in button attaching machines. 

1,996. E. C, Kilby, for improvements in circular knittirg 
machines for the manufacture of stockings, socks and other ribbed 
fabrics. 

2,078. W. Powell, of the fim of James Lloyd & C>., for improve- 
ments ip, or additions to, mail carts, bassinettes, perambulators 
and other like wheeled vehicles. 

2.124. H. Hill for improvements in or relating to sewing machines. 

2,229. C.Terrot and The “ Boas-King” Knitting Machine Com- 
pany, Limited, for Improvements in Knitting Machines. 

2,275, J. W. Gillespie, for a sewing machine needle. 

2,384. A. Lee and W. H. Todd for improvements in knitting 
machines. 

2,471. J. W. Howard and H. Horevitz, trading as the Manchester 
Bassinette and Cabinet Manufacturing Company, for improvements 
in mail carts for children. : 

2,571. W. Wilson, for improvements in and connected with 
perambulator carriages for the use of children. 

2,747. J. F. Nowell, for certain improvements in or apper- 
taining to sewing machines. 

2,752. J. F. Robertson, for improvements in perambulators, partly 
applicable to other vehicles. 

2,773. F. W. Farr, for improvements in spools for use on sewing 
machines, and for other purposes. 


2,774. W. P. Thompson, a communication from J. Rutz, of | 


Switzerland, for improvements in appliances or devices for use in 
connection with embroidery machines. 

2,883. A. Cook and-'T. Dewhurst, for improvements in or relating 
to sewing machines. 

2,933.3W. Allen, J. H. Turtle, and T. Kennedy, for improvements in 
knitting machines. 

2938, J. Cherrey, for improvements in cloth and handkerchief 
holding appliance for Swiss sewing machines. 

2,985. F. Rosati, C. Petrini, and R. Petrini, for improvements in 
or connected with sewing machines. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
Issued and dated January 9th, 1894. 
512,310. G. J. Manderfield, Royersford, Pa., stop motion for 
knitting machines. 
512,526. W. E. Trull, New York, shuttle for sewing machines. 
Issued and dated January 16th, 1894. 
513,008. H. H. Fefel, New York, sewing machine trimmer. 
513,009. H. H. Fefel, New York, sewing machine. 
513,047. W. F. Kneip, Ypslanti, Mich., knit garment. 
513,048. G. A. Knox Lynn and E. HE. Bean, Boston, Mass., shoe- 
sewing machine. 
Issued and Dated January 23rd, 1894. 
513,157. A. Tomkins and I. Tomkins, Troy, N.Y., adjustable 
supporting device for knitting machine presser wheels. 
513,248. lL. Roberts, Bradford, England, perambulator. 
513,259. J. Buchel, New Orleans, Lay, automatic electric stop 
motion for knitting machines. 
513,441. H. C. Rightmire, Philadelphia, Pa., hold-down for 
knitting machines. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED, 
(Price 8d. each.) : : 
714. Machine for Sewing Quilts, Quilted Linings, &e. J. 
Alje, of Erste SchulgasseWandsbek, Hamburg. Dated January 
12th, 1893. 
Hitherto, when ornamenting fabric comprising several quilts, the 


quilted design “has been stitched across the border of the quilt, 


the stitches being afterwards removed from the border, thereby 
injuiing it. 

According to-this invenvion two needte carriages, each carrying 
a single row of needles, are employed with the usual pattern cams, 





MAr. 1, 1894. 
after having quilted the centre piece the fabric is fed forward, by 
means of a lever and catch arrangement, the distance required for 
two borders, and the sewing is then continued. 

In order that the needle carriages shall be a short distance 
apart, a voller is adjustably mounted on uprights between the 
carriages, thus taking up the surplus fabric. 

3,659. Foot motor for sewing machines. D. Noble and J. A. 
Brown, Nobro Works, Little Queen Street, Leeds. Dated February 
18th, 1893. 

Consists in mounting the driving wheel outside the stand of a 
seurne machine, the framing being so constructed as to form a 
guard. 

_ Also in providing the driving wheel with a ball-bearing which 
is adjusted from the opposite end of the crank shaft by a centre 
screw, this screw also acting as a bearing for the shaft. 

3,812. Embroidering Machines, E. & R. Cornely, 87, Faubourg 
St. Denis, France. Dated February 21st, 1893. 

The principal object of the inyention is the production of an 
Ore ene, stitch in all directious by means of the universal 
eed. 

The stitch consists of two chain stitches on the upper side of 
the material, the threads of which are crossed on the under sire 
by means of an oscillating looper, and are hooked into the neccle 
hocks for the production of the next following stitch. 

9,188. Embroidering Machines. E.& R Cornely. Dated May 8th, 
1893. 

When using two needles, an auxiliary needle is employed, this 
needle not requiring hook or eye, and being placed at an angle 
relatively with the other needles. The needles pierce the material, 
and descend below the needle plate, where the thread looper winds 
the thread around them, thus forming a triangle. On the needles 
1ising, the needle-plate pushes the thread from the auxiliary 
needle, the length of thread thus set free being takea up by the 
other needles for their stitches, whereby the aid of a supply blade 
is rendered unnecessary. 

24,265. Knitting Machines. J. G. Powell, Parrish Street, Thilas 
delphia, Pa. Dated December 16th, 1893. 

The improvements consist in, first, a construction of farts 
whereby only the web-holders used in conjunction with the needles 
on the acting side of the machineare operated, the web-holders onthe 
other side being, like the needles themselves, inoperative. Second, 
mechanism whereby the needles upon which is effected the 
“fashioning” are packed out of and then into operative position. 
Third, a new construction and mode of operating the needle 
actuating cams. Also means for retaining the needles in their 
grooves, and a special form of latch guard and turrer, 


THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTF, 


Manufacturers, at : wad 
» e and full particulars. 
WHOLESALE PRICES, § ‘(OPS : 5 


S4/= Organelte for GSS /= Cash, 


Or on Easy Fayments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- De‘ivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 















apstope By Royal 
VYox-humana, 
Expression, & PEED 
aE X Patent. 
and Flute. A 
Exo ES Mere 
Complete Child 
EOD Os can Play it 
Reeds Yee 


yl 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltze2, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., ete. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY; BLACKBURN 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Tron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Rassi- 
aettes,and Mail Cars. The newest designs 

and~ best workmanship at low prices for 
~ cash, 








For PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE _ 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD., 





IRONMONGERS, 





who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. Cast Toy, Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, a large quantity always in stock. 


TIMEPIECHS 17s PER DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE. 


Apkit 3, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazeite. 


SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 













List. 


description 
and 
quality, 
to 
suit 
all 
Trades. 


TYVYO 


BIRDS WITH ONE STONE. 


Ir 





€end a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 


Good Value 


Guaranteed. 





London Agent — 


Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 


39, Holborn 


Viaduct, 
E.G. 








G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, SAMPLES, etc., Post Free. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 
RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


KING'S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 18, 
Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 
terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 
Silver Watches, &c., &c. 








NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 
Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W. 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 


HWtTs AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 

LAMPS.—The “‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 
Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 
Norwich. 


THE NEW PATENT BRITANNIA PETROLEUM 

OIL ENGINE is the safest and most economical motive power 
yet invented.—Apply, Britannia Tool Factory, Colchester. Factories 
fitted up with engines, shafting, &c. 


WANTED, after 25th March, Re-engagement by 

Energetic Man, 13 years’ experience as manager in Sewing 
Machine business, up in hire system, and could undertake wholesale 
business with manufacturers using sewing machines if so required.— 
Security given.—Address, C., c/o Sewing Machine Gazette. 


BECLTS.—Round Belts, 44. in. to 48 in., 12s. ; 54 to 

57 in., 16s. per gross, nett cash. Well made from best English 
leather. In lengths of 100 feet at special prices—J. W. Cable & Co., 
35, Clerkenwell Road, London. 


Ols (Refined Sewing Machine).—4 oz. bottles, 15s. 6d. 
per gross, nett cash. Warranted not to clog. In bulk, ts. 3d. 
per gallon.—J. W. Cable & Co., 35, Clerkenwell Road, London. 

















FrActTORS or Wholesale Agents wanted for a Patent 

Step-ladder, having epecially attractive features. and likely to 
have a large sale; or Patentee would license or sell patent. Also that 
of small article of brassfoundry.—‘‘ Ladder,” Office of this Journal. 





SINGER'S Family and Medium 2s. per gross. 
—S. Cox & Co., Eagle Works, Alcester. 





A MEMBER of the H.T.P,A., having extensiye show 

rooms in central position in a good town, is open to receive on 
consignment and to purchase for prompt cash, saleable lines in 
Domestic Machinery, Furniture, Cycles, Bassinettes, Musical Instru- 
ments, &c.—Address, ‘‘ Alpha,” c/o Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 


T° HIRE TRADERS AND CAPITALISTS, 
Capital Furniture Business for Sale in City of Bristol, doing 
about £5,000 per year at good profits. Good position, moderate 
rent, and valuable connection. Every proof as to amount of trade, 
profits, &c. Owner retiring sole cause of disposal. Price £5,000, 
including good book debts £3,000, or without book debts if desired.— 
Address, “ Furniture,’ Sewing Machine Gazettc.3; 


BELTS ! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 
lengths from 54 to 60 in. ; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Harvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 








———O———————EEE———E 
Cycle OILS, Burning and Lubricating, Loose or 

Bottled. Knitting Machine, Wringer, and Pram Oils. All 
kinds of Machinery Oils.—Lady Bridge Oil Works, Spring Street, 


Hull. 
ee ee 
S EWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 


first-class make of Machines to push, should apply -to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 


Glasgow. 








12, The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


APRIL 2, 1894. 


ee 


fHE JOURNALOF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
_ AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or ts. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


-THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—2s. 6d. per annum, or 9d, per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 


notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 


‘Contributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for if so arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises &c., in their several towns. 


Trade Information —We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
Supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
Stamp for reply. : 


Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments.in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 


Tn Writing fo Us. ~Please address all communications cither ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
“ Editor,” at the address given below. 


Hire Agreements and Payment Cards—We supply these to most hire traders, 
Particulars on application 
2 List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers —We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 
Non-subs cribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 
Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 


local papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deep y grateful. Would a@/ our readers do likewise ? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 
28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 















TSS; = 

tf aS F 
aN 6 = 
Mie Nia (= 


Our contemporary, the Hardwareman, has 











“ i 5 . 

Garena heralded its advent with a sensational 
_ article of great length, accompanied with 

illustrations. 


““Madein Germany”’ is used as the title, with ‘A 
Fraud upon Capital, and a Crime against Labour” asa 
“‘ sub-head,” and the following is the introduction :— 


How often in handling an article of Teutonie production has one 
heard the remark—‘“‘ Well, I don’t know how they can find even the 
labour at that price !’”* 

Has it ever struck any of us, I wonder, that some of these German 
quotations give but a very slight margin for labour after providing for 
the raw material? It has often struck me in that way, and I can 
shrewdly guess that the same stroke has come pretty forcibly upon 
many a poor fellow among our manufacturers as he has gone forth from 
the buyer's room to make yet another cut at his cost of production, 
and yet another irrevocable step towards his public examination. Yes ! 
T am sure we have all been puzzled by these German prices, and yet 
we have sat ourselves down time after time, and complacently said, “But 
you see labour’s so cheap in Germany, and they work long hours, and 
all that sort of thing you know,” and so we have given vent to our 
craze for cheapness, gone on permitting ourselves to be turned into a 
German midden, and have complacently allowed this cheapness at the 
oné end to become a trebled dearness at the other, by adding to our 
poor rate the relief of hundreds who have been thrust out of work 
between the two fires of Teutonic cheapness and British ignorance. 
For I think that our ignorance of the source of the German cheapness 
has been an important factor in the success with which‘somé of the 
stuff has been allowed.to secure a foothold to the impoverishment of 
English workmen. We, have, I think, fooled ourselves—or ’ been 
fooled—with the impression that this closing of our workshops and the 
idleness of sur workmen has been: due to the superiority of German 
thrift, the slender feed'ng,o the German worker, and theslight amount 
of his expenditure upon the extravagances or amusements of a domes- 


ticated life. Well, I say we have been fooled with such impressions, | 
but yet I have known worse gue-ses at the truth, for having just. 


returned from seeing our Teutonic cousin at his daily labour, I can most 


truthfully-state that he is thrifty, does feed slenderly, and does not | 


waste his substance upon the amusements of domestic life. In short, 
this labourer who is responsible for a great deal of the cheapness that 
is paralysing English labour is—in gaol. Just think of that ! think of 
your silent factories and your starving neighbours! Silent and 
starving in order that a German gaol may earn its food bill without 
cost to agneedy Government. Silent and starving that a keen con- 
tractor may fatten himself upon the labour of these hungry criminals ! 
Do you call that fair competition? Competition of a sort of course 
itis ; but nothing more unfair, more treacherous, more stifling to the 
energy of honest labour has ever been described by the pen of man. 

Well, let me tell you about it, because I have seen it and I know. 

How the system started Icannot say; but it would appear asif the 
rulers of the economic Fatherland found that the less they paid to keep 
a prison going, 'the more could they spend in the neighbourly main- 
tenance of that enormous army on their frontier; but anyway they 
decided to let England keep the gaolbirds in food and shelter, while 
their own taxes were spent in preparation for the coming bloodshed. 
Not that they debited their prison maintenance directly to ourselves, 
but they “got there ” just the same ; for it is a certain fact that we are 
paying more to maintain their convict system than they are them- 
selves. 










Now, this is how they work it. Having caught their convict, and 
sentenced him for a term of months or years, they stock a gaol with 
him, to such number, I suppose, asthe locality may need ; but the two 
I have just inspected are holding twelve hundred and nineteen hundred 
men respectively. The convict is there provided with a plain but 
economical suit of uniform, and is then turned over to the gentleman 
who hires his labour. : 


The article then goes on to state that the ‘“‘concession- 
aire’? pays the prison authorities as high a sum as one 
shilling per day per man, but it often falls as low as three- 
pence. It further says that prison-made goods are not 
sold in Germany, but are exported to England. 

Now, we have no hesitation whatever in condemning 
any law which allows the prison rogue to compete with 
the labour of honest men. Theres, however, a suspicion 
of sensationalism about our contemporary’s article, and 
the following we know to be very much overdone—to 
put it mildly: — j 


While writing of the cabinet work let me mention another branch 
carried on in the severest form of solitary confinement at another gaol 
than the one I name above. © 

You have all seen the fancy cover on those pirate sewing-machines 
that sell themselves upon the Singer reputation? Of course you have ; 
but have you ever wondered how all that mass of gaudy inlaid work 
could be produced fora machine that was sold complete at some such 
dreadful figure as fifty-seven and sixpence ? 

Well, they’re ‘prison made.” Made in any quantity by the 
prisoners in the largest gaol in Germany, and mad2 in solitary confines 
ment, as the sedentary occupation of fret-sawing is just the one 
that adapts itself to the confinement ofa cell. I have not seen it done, 
because even my credentials would not admit me to that rigorous section 
of the gaol where every man is masked for the entire period of his 
sentence, where the chapel is so penned off that he can seen no living 
face except that of the clergyman before him, and where he never 
speaks to, or associates with a living soul except the warder of his 
landing, for there 7s such a section of the gaol where the incorrigible 
or irréclaimable criminals are confined. I have not seen these covers 
made,.I say, but they-were voluntarily shown to me as specimens of 
prison product, as also were writing-desks, work and glove boxes, and 
many other little cabinets that come natural-to the modern fancy shop, 


Tt is quite possible that a few machine covers may be 
madein prison ; but, after visiting all the centres of the 
German sewing machine trade, we emphatically deny 
that the manufacturers look upon the prisons as in the 
slightest degree competitors. If the writer, then, desires 
it to be inferred that the covers on German machines 
are mostly of prison origin, we have no hesitation in 
telling him that he is utterly wrong. 

We alsotake exception to the following paragraph on 
stocking knitting as being grossly exaggerated :— 

Another line of competition that is‘convenient to the solitary cell is 
that of stocking knitting, but this I saw as it was being carried on 
—like the brush-making—in a part of the prison where solitary confine- 
ment is merely dueto youth or probation. Each cell was provided 
with the same class of hand machine that is well known in England— 
but probably another theft--and the prisoner sat in solitude at the 
crank, producing by constant labour from nine to ten pairs of socks per 
day. And here you get a fair idea of the profit that the concessionaire 
worms out of his unwilling co-operators. This happy employer pro- 
vides the wool and machine, and gets the labour on ten pairs of socks 
provided for the sum of one shilling! 

Now, how many English wives and widows: have had to burn their 
precious candle, and work their fingers to the bone during weary, 
weary hours of night, in order to meet the competition that has come 
from this:source alone? Ten pairs of socks knitted for one shilling— 
surely nothing but the contact with this gaol-bird system could have 
brought the human mind so low that it should wish‘to so crush a work- 
ing woman ; and that on an article which anyone of us could afford 
to pay a living’ wage for! Ten pairs of socks fora shilling! Would 
that. some: Hood could rise to give us another song of the heart-broken 
worker |! : Hae 

Onthe whole, we feel more inclined to congratulate 
our contemporary for its invention of an advertisement 
dodge, rather than as a faithful exponent of the cause of 
British inability to compete with the foreigner. -Unfor- 
tunately the yolume of ourimports of German manufac- 
tured articles is too enormous to be seriously affected by 
the labour of a few hundred convicts. Let the Hard- 
wareman, then, try again and tell us why it is that the 
German manufacturer, not the prison concessionaire who 
is too petty for serious consideration, has an advantage 
over the home manufacturer. 





WANTS ADVERTISEMENTS! - see 
SEE Pace 26 FOR SEVERAL IMPORTANT 


ADVERTISEMENTS, 


APRIL 2, 1894, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 13 




















= 


The Story of the Sewing Machine. 


WITH REMINISCENCES, PERSONAL AND GENERAL, 
By NEWTON WILSON. 


~y ——_—_ 


CHAPTER XXIV. 
A Boom In SEwinc MACcHINEs. 


Vulgar, slangy, and Yankeefied as the term heading 
this chapter undoubtedly is, it has nevertheless become 
Anglicised and naturalised, and is accepted as a graphic 
description of any abnormal outburst of success, financial 
or otherwise. 

There was such an abnormal state of prosperity through- 
out the country at the period of which we are writing. 
Tt commenced with the close of the Franco-German War 
in the early part of 1871, and extended to the close of 
1875. 

During the whole of that period, or nearly the whole, 
our leading mineral products, coal and iron, realised most 
extraordinary prices. Miners’ wages and workmen’s 
wages everywhere went up. The former, where any- 
thing like thrift was observed, and where the surplus 
income was not squandered in the public-house, could 
live like gentlemen, and furnish their houses accord- 
ingly. The piano and the sewing machine became house- 
hold words ; and, more than that, they became items to be 
commonly found inthe workmen’s dwellings. 

Some amusing{illustrations of the direction in which 
luxury was enjoyed could be given. Here are two :— 

A couple of miners entered a well-known confec- 
tioner’s shop in the metropolis of coal; there was a large 
and handsome bridescake in the window. ‘‘ How mucha 
pun is that?” “Two and sixpence.” “ Well, give us 
two pun.” ‘We cannot cut it,” said the attendant. 
‘‘Well, what’s lot?” ‘Thirty shillings.’ “There's 
your money,” as it wasthrown on the counter and the 
cake tucked under hisarm. “Qh, let me put it up for 
you.” “Never mind, it ’ill do,” and off they marched 
with it. 

It was eyening. Two men, miners, had just stepped into 
a carriage at the Central Station going north ; directly 
after there stepped into the same carriage a regular 
masher. Not liking his environment, he called for the 
guard. “ Just look atthese men’s tickets,” said he. “ All 
right,” said the guard after inspection, “ first class.” A 
shrug of contempt and the train started. The masher 
struck a light and lit acigar, Next station, ‘ Guard,” 
from one of the miners. ‘‘ Yes,’ said he onarrival. “Is 
this a smoking carriage?” “ No,’'said the official. ‘Then 
turn this man out,” and he did, getting a wink from said 
miner, Asthe train started a big cigar was handed to 
the guard, and he saw the two miners light up two 
others. They were none of your 2d, or 3d., but 6d. or 
gd. ones. 

Newcastle was but one of the centres of the prosperity 
that extended over the face of the entire country. The 
revenue went up year by year, the taxes came down ac- 
cordingly, The wondrous wand of that magician of 
finance, William Ewart Gladstone, made _ its 
potent. influence felt everywhere. The income-tax 
went down to 3d., with a prospect of reaching zero. 
Strange that to-day, 20 years later, the spell of the Grand 
Old Man isstill unbroken. May it long continue ! 

The influence of the national life, stimulated to an un- 
paralleled degree, was strikingly seen in the sewing 
machine industry. Invention was busy, every manufac- 
turer was busy, the little firms grew big, and the big 
firms grew bigger, and a period of advancement and pro- 
gress was unbroken, save by repeated attempts on the 
part of some of the larger firms to secure a new basis of 
action, a new line of departure. 

When the patents had expired, and by this I mean the 
great patents, in 1866, the use of trade marks had become 
a paramount necessity, and they were universally applied. 
Nobody interfered: with them, nobody copied them, but 





they failed, they entirely failed, in affecting the reproduc- 
tions of the expired patents. So it came to pass that the 
Thomas, the Wheeler & Wilson, andthe Singer 
machines were extensively reproduced by those manu- 
facturers who possessed the requisite plant. 

These machines each presented a separate and distinct 
type, a form of construction, and an arrangement, of 
mechanism which characterised each one separately, so 
marked that a glance, without any- verbal description, 
would enable the spectator. to- give it a name. Nay, so 
marked that the touch without the aid of the eyesight 
would instantaneously furnish the nomenclature. What 
then wasthe name to be? Clearly the name which 
would furnish the descriptive idea, both as to form and 
internal arrangement. It necessarily followed- that the 
name by which the invention had become known, and 
by which alone it had become known during the currency 
of the patent should, when that patent had expired, con- 
tinue to be the name of the article manufactured, accord- 
ing to the terms of the expired patent... 

But not unnaturally this question arises. Where, in the 
case of the article bearing the name of its first inventors, 
have not thoseinventors the right to the use of their 
name? Clearly that is indisputable, but when the ques- 
tion 1s further asked has he not an exclusive right to the 
use of that mame ? the answer is by no means equally 
clear. In some cases the name may have been given to 
it by the patentees themselves, in others it was given by 
the public to the article as a term of identity. Suppose 
John Smith invents a machine, and it is so specific and 
pronounced in its character as to receive the name of the 
‘‘Smith” machine, and there were 20 other Smiths 
engaged in the trade, can the 20 be called upon to bow 
down to the one, and efface themselves so far as their 
nameis concerned? Or, supposing there are no other 
Smiths at the time, but one comes into the market as the 
patent expires, is he to be excluded from the use of his 
own name in the manufacture and sale of his produc- 
tions? Or, again, should the whole family of Smiths 
present and future, and it is not a small one, be allowed ‘i 
privileges or rights from which the Browns; Joneses, and * 
Robinsons are absolutely excluded ? : ni 

Here, then, isa fruitful field for disputation and litiga- 
tion, and for 20 years past and more it has been time 
after time before the Courts, It isin its application that 
the difficulty is presented. Yet the law on this subject is 
tolerably clear. ‘ y 

The first principle is,that “aman shail not sell his goods 
as those of another,’ ana the second is like unto it, ‘‘ That 
he shall not by word or act, say or do that which shall 
have the effect of producing a misconception in the mind 
of the purchaser.’’ He must, in fact, to use a technical 
legal term, earmark his goods. He must put distin- 
guishing marks upon them, differing from those of the. 
first user, and he is in duty bound in his circulars, pro- 
spectuses, catalogues, &c.,to indicate convincingly and 
demonstratably that his machine, which he chooses to call 
a Smith machine, is not that of the original Smith who, 
or whose godfathers or godmothers, gave it that name. 
In various forms this question came before the Courts. 

First it was raised in reference to the Howe machines. 
In an earlier chapter it was pointed out that Elias Howe 
was not the first manufacturer of the machines bearing 
the Howe name. He, Elias, had entered into arrange- 
ments with the American ring by which he was 
debarred from starting the manufacture himself, but was 
to receive the respectable royalty of three dollars a 
machine from all the rest. ; 

His brother, Amasa B. Howe, who had brought the 
original machine over ‘here, and sold it to Thomas, was 
manufacturing and doing an excellent business on_ his 
own account, many of the machines being exported to 
thiscountry and employed inthe boot and shoe trade. 
Mr. Nahum Salamon, who was in my service from 1858 
to 1860, had effected an arrangement with Mr. A. B. 
Howe by which heshould have the exclusive importa- 
tion of these machines and exploit them under the title of 
the Howe Sewing Machire Company. But the time 
had now arrived when the expiration of the American 
patent liberated Elias Howe from the restrictions of the 
ring, and enabled him to carry into effect the greatest 
aspiration of his life, viz., to found a great sewing machine 
manufactory ofhis own. Having got this in successful 





14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Operation, he essayed to introduce it here under the 
same title as his brother, viz., The Howe Sewing Machine 
Company. Hence arose the first question of proprietary 
names. Clearly each Howe was entitled to use his own 
name, and the bigger of the two, though they were both 
big men, thought as the first inventor he had the biggest 
right to the name. The two brothers fought and fought 
as brothers can and do occasionally. 

It came before the Courts in the form of an application 
for an injunction to restrain Elias Howe- from using the 
appellation which had previously been appropriated by 
the younger brother or his representatives in this 
country. 

The Court was not long in coming to a decision. It said 
in effect to Elias Howe, “ You must distinguish yourself 
and your newer company from your brother and the 
older one,” and with every possible reluctance he sub- 
mitted to the excision of the word “Sewing” from his 
title, leaving it ‘‘The Howe Machine Company,” which, 
through the successive changes that have occurred in the 
eS composition of the company still retains that 
title. 

It will be seen that this decision and the action thereon 
was in strict accordance with the principles laid down in 
the earlier part of this chapter. 

Tt was not long before the greater absorbed the less, 
and A. B. Howe was swallowed up in the Elias Howe 
Company. And but a very short time further elapsed 
before the two Howes had passed for ever from the 
scenes of conflict. Elias Howe died three months after 
his brother Amasa. His memory was fittingly honoured 
by his countrymen. He had taken an active and 
patriotic part in the great Civil War. He had 
equipped a regiment at his own expense, of which he 
became colonel, and had gone down to the war himself, 
but had to resign his commission through a superabun- 
dance of obesity. Such a citizen, however, deserved/and 
received public recognition, for atleast it was claimed that 
he was one of America’s most distinguished inventors, 
and the first, true, and original inventor of the sewing 
machine. A public statue was erected to his memory, 
and now adorns the Central Park, New York. 

His property was left to his nephews, chiefly the two 
Stockwells. One ofthem came over to this country to 
establish a factory in Glasgow, and conducted the busi- 
ness here. The other remained to conduct that in 
America. 

Then a big company was floated for the British busi- 
ness. Inflated in capital to an enormous extent by a fic- 
titious value placed on patents of no value whatever, such 
as that of the twisted raiser or elevator of the presser 
foot, a thing which I had anticipated in a form of the 
Swan elliptic machine,andthat forthe skeleton cams,which 
were only introduced to be speedily abandoned. But 
weighted in this particular way, the company could not 
pay, and encumbered by speculations of the American 
Stockwell, it came to grief, and though attempts were 
made to resuscitate it, and something under the name 
still exists as a cycle manufacturer, asa great sewing 
machine company it has passed away ; and the Howe 
name, with all its historic associations, has disappeared 
from our purview. 

It is a melancholy reflection that nothing but the 
- grossest financial and commercial mismanagement could 
have led to and produced this unfortunate result. 


(To be continued ). 











ACID AS A LUBRICANT. 
TO THE EDITOR OF THE ‘SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.” 


DEAR Si1r,—About six months ago a party hired a Jones’ Spool 
machine, and a few weeks agoit was reported out of order, and as our 
man could not put it right I went to see it myself and found it covered 
with rust. The woman said she had not used it for about three 
months, but had kept it oiled regularly according to the instructions. 
I asked to see the oil she was using, and she showed me a bottle of 
acid that her husband uses for soldering! Theneedle-bar, needle, top 
shaft, rotary hook, bobbin and case, andall wearing parts were eaten 
away with rust. It looked acomplete wreck. This wasa serious case 
of poisoning, sosomething had to be done quickly ; so I administered 
an emetic of petroleum, and gota lot of the rust off, and then oiled it 
thoroughly with some good oil, and left it in good sewing order, but it 
works a little harder than formerly. I wonder if any of your readers 
have had a similar experience with a machine, this is the first I have 
come across in fifteen years.—Yours truly, LICHFIELD. 


APRIL 2, £894. 


MESSRS. PARKINS NEW PREMISES. 


No firm of sewing machine dealers probably are better 
known and respected than Messrs. Parkin & Sons, of Don- 
caster. They have been selling these articles in the 
northern town for upwards of 18 years,and in addition 
have donea large trade in cycles, mangles, and perambu- 
lators, not to mention pianos and the famous Bell and 
other organs. The founder of the business was Mr. 
Thomas Parkin, who, to the regret of a large circle, died 
suddenly, about 15 years ago,whilst in the act of removing 
a machine. Since then the sons, among whom Mr. 
T.E. Parkin is, perhaps, the best known, have continued 
the business, and with such success that they recently 
determined to extend their connection ina new direction. 
Of late years we have heard much of drapers going into 
the sewing machine trade, and most of them, unfortu- 
nately, use it to the disadvantage of the legitimate sewing 
machine dealer without benefiting themselves. It is, then, 
a change for the sewing machine dealer to take up the 
sale of drapery, but such is about to be done by Messrs. 
Parkin & Sons. We have not ourselves seen the new 
premises, and therefore are under obligations to the Don- 


caster Gazette for the following report :— 
THE BAXTER-GATE IMPROVEMENTS. 
MEssrs. PARKIN & SONS’ PREMISES. 

The first block of buildings to be completed and occupied in con- 
nection with the improvements which are now in progress in Baxter- 
gate 1s that erected by Messrs. Parkin & Sons, drapers, furniture 
dealers, domestic machine and bicycle agents, standing at the com- 
mencement of the alterations at the Market Place end. For business 
purposes the premises were opened on Friday at one o'clock, but there 
is still a great deal to be done internally in the arrangement of the 
various departments and in the matter of fittings, which may not, 
judging from the present appearance of things, be completed for 
several days; but so far asthe street ss concerned—and that is the 
matter we have under consideration just now—they are complete 
enough, except that, when the adjoining premises belonging to Mr. 
Beetham and the Corporation have been rebuilt, there will have to 
be a corresponding setting-back of the footpath. Vestiges of the his- 
toric hostelry known as the Crown, which form erly occupied the site 
on which Messrs. Parkin & Sons’ imposing building now stands, 
still remain in the vaults under the back premises utilised for various 
purposes, and the massive oaken door, which was hung at the end 
of the passage until the demolition of the old premises a few months 
ago, is still in the hands of the present proprietors awaiting convenient 
disposal, but otherwise the famous hotel known to the present 
generation by repute has been improved from the face of the earth. 
The ancient door may possibly find its way into the museum which 
will some day or other be established within the walls of the Mansion 
House. It is studded with huge bolts and bears upon its lintel the 
date 1604—carrying us back to the early years of the reign of James I. 
Through the ancient portal of which this door formed a part thousands 
of visitors must have passed, from generation to generation, in quest of 
the hospitality which the Crown Hotel was wont to provide. Under 
the arch General Rainsborough was assassinated for treason in the reign 
of Charles 1I., having first been dragged thither from the inn in which 
he had taken refuge. Messrs. Parkins’ premises comprise basement, 
ground floor, and first and sccond floors, with house and shop accom- 
modation. The basement, which has a concrete fluor, is intended 
chiefly for the storage of heavy goods. At the back is the boiler-house 
from which the premises are heated, the hot water pipes running 
through nearly every room on the premises, in both living and business 
departments, with the exception of the top story of all. On the ground 
floor we have a spacious shop to the left hand for drapery, which 
extends backwards the full depth of the premises and beyond into what 
answered the purposes of a drawing-room in the old house. To the 
extreme right is a skop which will probably be devoted to domestic 
and other machinery, whilst the central will be the furnishing depart- 
ment. In the central shop is a massive brick pillar, for the support of 
the iron girders carrying the upper floors. The pillar is encased in 
wood, and serves the double purpose of a partition and screen for 
the descending and ascending staircases. Behind that portion of the 
shop referred to as the extreme right is the entrance to the house, which 
comprises, on the first floor, drawing-room in the front, overlooking the 
Market Place, and behind this the dining-room, kitchen, scullery, and 
laundry, there being a back entrance to thekitchen by a covered stair- 
case leading from the yard. The kitchen, scullery, and laundry are 
separated from the main building by several feet, communication 
between the two portions of the premises being by means of a passage. 
Internally the division is barely distinguishable. In the two upper 
floors are six bedrooms, nursery, bathroom, and other conveniences. 
It may be mentioned, as a matter of some interest, that a piece of 
statuary marble forming the mantelpiece in one of the rooms of the 
old house, the reputed*Work of the grandfather of Mr. Frank Lockwood, 
Q.C., M.P., has been re-erected in the drawing-room. It is a little 
chipped in places, but is in a fair state of preservation. It is estimated 
that its original cost would be about £40. Over the other portion of 
the shops are capacious showrooms, workrooms, storerooms, offices, 
&c. The two principal showrooms, those for furniture and millinery 
respectively, are upon the first floor, and there is a back entrance for 
furniture from the yard, so as to avoid the carrying of the furniture 
through the shops on the ground floor. The rooms are lofty throughout, 
and well-arranged, though, probably, it would have been an improve- 
ment if the first floor had been a foot or two higher. Not that there 
is any apparent lack of height inside, but it would have given the 
windows a bolder and more imposing appearance. Mr, Herbert 
Athron is the architect for the work, and is to be congratulated upon 
his success. 








APRIL 2, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


TS 


— SS SS SSS 


RETAILING SEWING MACHINES. 
PRIZE ESSAY NO. 15.” 


It is an easy job to map out a plausible way to conduct 
a retail sewing machine business and figure outa small 
fortune on paper. But there is a wide difference between 
the mapping and figuring and the business with its 
profits, or maybe losses, at the end of the year. General 
travelling agents get big pay for doing business on paper, 
but the poor retailer faces a stern reality when he goes 
out and tries the trade after he has been filled and stuffed, 
till he would not exchange his place for the President’s, 
by the travelling agent. 

The reality of the business is in making sales and 
collecting the money, and to do this there can be no 
set rules, as no two customers can be approached in the 
same manner. The salesman must study his customer 
as the sale progresses, so he can be able to master the 
situation at any favourable moment, not at some future 
time. This is the only way that he can tell when the 
customer is ready to trade. And it is of the greatest 
importance to know at the earliest moment when 
the customer is ready, and equally important that the 
sale be closed then and there. He must not wait until 
another time ; some men change their minds in a few 
minutes. Some customers have to be led out in a 
banter, that might be termed “ give andtake.” Jn this 
way you can work up a sure thing, if you are master of 
your business, closing the trade by compromise; this 
with customers who have the cash. Then comes another 
kind of customer, for a lease, who does not care anything 
about the price. With this class the salesman’s work is 
easy. Still another kind is found among’ the people who 
do not know how to trade. When you get a customer 
of this kind you will have to trade for him, or tell him 
how he can do it. 

The lease business is by far the most profitable of any 
we can do if it is properly worked, but it is the worst 
unless it is worked right. Selling on lease is an easy job ; 
it is the collection on leases where the iron work comes 
in. Weget first payments when sales are made ; but we 
never know how long customers have been in getting 
together the amount of those payments, nor how long it 
may be before they are able to make a second or third 
payment. But where lease customers have a reliable 
means of making payments, is, perhaps, the best oppor- 
tunity of putting in fine work, for then we must educate 
them to feel the binding force of the lease, and their 
obligation to be prompt and regular in payments. In 
the face of all the leniency that has been allowed, and the 
slack habit that the general lease-payer has fallen into, 
this is a difficult task, and one that calls for the best of 
judgment and continued activity. In this work the 
selling and collecting are so much involved with each 
other in the result that we can only consider them 
together, as part of the one act, and the good salesman is 
a good collector, while the poor salesman is a poor 
collector. 

No lease sale should be made until the purchaser's 
financial condition is ascertained and it is a reasonable 
certainty that payments can be made as agreed. Even 
then there are chances against the dealer, and he must 
still work. 

Many things can be said to salesman in the way of 
advice, but I do not know of anything of more import- 
ance than to urge work, hard work, constant work. Plans 
for conducting business must vary according to the con- 
ditions of territory. They must be made to accord 
with prevailing customs, with the productions and the 
needs of the section for which they are intended ; but 
“work” is the same everywhere, and it seldom fails to 
bring successin any occupation. With fairly good judg- 
ment, and hard work, any man can make a living in the 
sewing machine business ; but too many men try to make 
money Out of the business without work. They fail, as 
might be expected. 

Regarding prices; A fair price allows a man to work 
and to give time to make the purchaser satisfied. In 
Most cases satisfaction to a purchaser is measured by the 
price paid. ‘To prove this, finda man who paid $15 for 
a machine ; when it gets out of order he trades it off. Let 


* In the New York Sewing Machine Times, 























a man who paid $50 have the same trouble with his 
machine and he gets it fixed ; you can’t trade him out of 
it. It is only by getting good prices that the seller can 
afford to keep the machines up and retain the good-will 
of his customers. 








A NEW TELEPHONE INVENTION. 


Mr. T. B. Sloper, of Messrs. Sloper & Frost, the well- 
known dealers in domestic machinery and furniture, 
Devizes, has introduced a new invention in connection 
with telephones which is being rapidly adopted through- 
out the country. This telephone is on the interchange- 
able system, and soarranged as to obviate the necessity 
of having a central ‘‘exchange.” A distinct advantage 
appears to be the arrangement of the switch, for the in- 





ventor, recognising the defect of a system which obliges 
the user to replace the switch in a certain position after 
telephonic communication—such being frequently for- 
gotten or imperfectly done—makes his invention work 
automatically. By means of a special lever it is possible 
to obtain a secret circuit, aa important innovation. There 
are also special arrangements which greatly facilitate the 


I 




















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































uy 
NN 
QW 
Ky 


use of the telephone, such as a simplified Peale and 
other improved details. The instruments are in three 
styles—Class A (see illustration), a cheap class, specially 
designed for use in private houses ; Class B, with receiver 
and transmitter separate; and Class C, which we also 
illustrate, an instrument for extensive use and “ secret 
connections in offices and warehouses. 








Anyone receiving a free copy of this issue is respectfully asked 


to take it as a courteous invitation to become aregular reader, erther 


as a subscriber or by ordering thepaper from his nearest newsagent, 


making use of the proper form provided on another pags. 





16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Pe Ae OV eae eres. 

Our. esteemed New York contemporary, the. Sew7ng 
Machine News, is publishing an excellent series of articles 
signed “ Aunt Jemima.” In its February number appears 
the following, which supplies a “ tip” worthy of the atten- 
tion of sewing machine dealers :— i 

Well, my prediction about “Shaky Sham sellin’ several 
more machines with covers for em come true, just as I was 
sure’twould. You see this woman that bought the machine 
and he give her a maroon cover worked with orange, she 
ups and tells a couple o’ her friends what a mine she’d 
struck, gettin’.a cover made for her for nothing. It seems 


_ tobe the passion of some women to tell of anything like 


that right away. In this case it was all right because it 
helped ‘‘Shaky,” but it wasn’t done for that. Oh, no. It 
was just to show how good a bargain she could drive with 
a sewin’ machine man. I reckon if he’d told her not to 
tell, which he didn’t, she’d have taken a whole afternoon 
to go round and tell all her acquaintances. Pity he hadn’t 
done so. ’Twould helped him still more. : 

However, he’s made two more, one seal brown with red 
letters onto it, and one a slate colour with light blue. 

Tom Clark has made a few too, for customers that’s 
seen ’em here in the store and in customers’ houses, but he 
has struck onto something that I hadn’t thought of, 
though it’s awful handy and good. It’s nothing more 
nor less than a fancy treadle mat. Now, you all know 
that nothing makes a machine look old any quicker than 
to have the japan worn off the treadle. Of course, you 
can touch it up with a little fresh black and a small brush, 
but it looks ever so much nicer not to be worn at all. No 
salesman sells every machine he puts out on trial, and if 
they’ve been used, as they're expected to be, the treadle 
won't look new after a week or two. I have seen pieces 
ofcarpet or drugget used for this purpose, and I guess you 
have too, but Tom’s idea is way ahead of that. But wait 
atid let me tell you how he does it. You musn’t say it 
ain’t my own idea and ignore it because a man thought 
it out, for men sometimes think of real practical things, 
—yes, and carry ’em out in good shape too. Iasked Tom 
how the thought come to him and he said, “ It was just 
this way, Aunt Jemima. One day I was sittin’ here in 
the store, it was rainin’ at the time and I couldn't go to 
see a customer of mine, or rather a woman I had hoped 
to make a customer, and was thinkin’ that I'd have to 
bring the machine back here and touch up the treadle, 
because it was getting worn through and looked bad. 
Now, thought J, if that had had a piece of carpet or some- 
thing of the kind on thetreadle, it would look just as well 
as new. That sot me to thinkin’ a lot more and I made 
a mat like this. It has saved several treadles, and I’ve 
made a few for customers who furnished me the goods for 
’em, because they’re so much nicer fora lady’s foot, when 
she has slippers on, than the hard iron treadle.” 

And here is the way he went to work to make it. He 
took a piece of green felt or baize, cut just the size of the 
treadle, or even a little fuller, so’s it would entirely cover 
it. Then he took another strip of the same goods, bright 
red, two and a half inches wide and long enough to go 
from the lower left hand corner to the upper right hand, 
where the pitman is. This he placed on top the green 
and marked his name on it in letters the full width of 
the strip, like thii—T. CLARK. He got the letters from 
a poster. Then he took his knife and cut ’em out clean, 
right through both the red andgreen. You see by doin’ this 
he had a place where each red letter would drop right 
down in, and fit as if it was wove there. The next thing 
was to supply a back, which was a piece of cotton duck, 
though any stout goods like drill or jean would answer. 
Onto this he fastened the green piece, spread it out smooth 
aad stitched all around the openings for the letters, with 
green sewin’ silk. He said he laid the red pieces in at the 
very first so’s they would be sure and fit afterwards. This 
wasreally so’s he could see ifthe green moved out of place 
and shape, though he didn’t know just how to say it. 

Well, atter he’d’stitched the green he stitched the red 
with silk to match, keeping close enough to the edges all 
the time so’s they couldn’t gap open, but had to lay down 
flat, and when it was done the whole thing did look as if 
it was all one piece. After that he stitched the whole 
mat all around and bound it with a strip of thin red flannel. 
Tapes fastened on at the corners enabled him to tie it in 
place on the treadle. The green letters that was cut out 


and not used he saved, inserted ‘em into a piece of silver © 


ApRIL 2, 1894. 


gray-chinchilla cloth,-and you don’t know what a-neat 
pretty mat they made of it. He calls it his ‘‘ 400,” because 
it’s too dainty to use common. 

Matslike these are very pretty to have on your machines 
that stand in the store, and to which customers are invited 
tosit-down and try how easy they run. Even ladies’ -shoes 
are not always clean or free from grit on the soles, and 
your treadles are easily marked and scratched if they ain’t 
covered in some way. The covers are easy to clean, as a 
broom drawn over them will do the business when the 
room is bein’ swept. They can be made in many varieties 
of colours and of cheaper material, if you choose, but there 
is nothing gained by using poor materials. The labour 
is just the same and the difference in cost is so little that 
it don’t pay: ' The best is the cheapest. 

But, if you want to make them in an easier way, though of 
course they ain’t quite so nice, take any material you please 
for the mat, as long as it is thick enough to be a mat, and 
stitch on the letters, cut from calico of some contrastin’ 
colour and havin’ a small pattern. In large cities you 
can buy these letters all ready cut, of different sizes and 
styles, but you can cut 'em yourselfif you’ve got as much 
gumption as a sewin’ machine man ought to have. 

For use in the show-rcom the words on ’em should not 
be salesmen’s names, but either the company’s initials, or 
the machine's name, or perhaps the words ‘‘try me,” or 
“ your servant,” or most anything like that.Ornaments, not 
too fancy, can be put in the corners, and you’ll find, after 
you have made a few, that it is nut at all a difficult job, 
and you'll getto arrangin’ the letters in curves and similar 
ways. Remember. when you are making anything pretty, 
that the laying out of the job at the first is really the 
most work, for the sewin’ afterwards is no more, whether 
the letters is in a straight line or in a curve. — But if you 
make curves, be sure and haye ’em regular. Don’t guess 
at it. Take something that has about the proper circleto 
it and mark from it, or do it with a piece of string and a 
pencil or crayon. 7 ; 

Besides being an ornament to the machine these mats 
have another mission, even outside the savin’ to the 
treadle. They are restful to the operator. A person 
standin’ up all day, or for several hours at a time, will get 
more tired ifthey have to stand ona bare board floor than 
if it is covered with carpet. It is very much the same with 
these mats, The foot rests on something soft and yieldin’ 
and don’t get as tired as it was right on the hard iron, It 
may bethat there is some electric advantage about it too, 
but I don’t know much about that, so can’t say. 

When I started on these “ lessons” it was with the in= 
tention of givin’ the salesmen ideas of how to make small 
articles that they could give to the customer toshow what 
the machine could do, but it seems I have drifted away 
from my first object to some extent. Yet it has come 
sorter natural. Little by little, and one by one, different 
ideas have come up, and now we have drifted into making 
things that can almost be termed fancy, but still they’re 
useful and will help educate the salesman who practices 
‘em. And they’re ornaments to your show-room, which 
is another great point, and one that should never be for- 
gotten for a rniute. 


PRESENTATION TO A BRADBURY 
MANAGERESS. 


The employes of ,Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, 
at their Carlisle depot, met at the Viaduct Hotel, Car- 
lisle, on Thursday evening, the 22nd ult., for the purpose 
of presenting a beautiful silver tea and coffee service to 
their manageress, Miss Stewart, on the occasion of her 
retirement from the company’s service to enter the 
married state. Mr. Robert Gate, in a neat, humorous 
speech, made the presentation; and Messrs. Sharp, 
Alderson, and McLinsh bore testimony in their respec- 
tive speeches to the universal kindness shown to them by 
Miss Stewart for many years. Miss Stewart replied, 
and very feelingly thanked them, and said she could never 
forget the good feeling that had always existed between 
herself andthe depot staff. In conclusion she urged 


| them to persevere, and in encouraging words told them 


never to despair. At the close of her short address she 
was acclaimed with hearty good wishes for her prosperity 
and future welfare. Afterwards they all sat down toa 
substantial tea. Miss Stewart has been in the service of 
Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, over ten years, enter- 
ing their employ as an instructress, at 











TO THE EDITOR OF THE “SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE” 


Sir,—Since the issue of your last ‘‘ Gazette” with my 
short articleon the above topic, I have received a com- 
munication from the representatives of the Frister & 
Rossman. Co., pointing out that I had done them 
an injustice in describing their exhibition before it was 
complete, and they have forwarded me for inspection 
some large photographs showing that the exhibition 
occupied the entire frontage to Holloway Road, but not 
that it extended on the eastward side. I described the 
exhibition as I .saw it ; nor was it my fault if the exhi- 
bition was then incomplete, for itwas within the days 
specified; but 1 now crave your indulgence, as we say 
at. school, ‘to correct errors and parse.’ Such as 
I saw it, I said the show was a brave one; suchas I see it 
through the medium of the photograph, I say it was still 
braver, and therefore regret that I should have done them 
the slightest injustice, seeing by the photographs the 
show must have consisted of from five to six hundred 
machines. The rest of the 1,000 must be left to one of 
those legitimate stretches of imagination which are not 
altogether uncommon with commercial displays.—I am, 
yours obediently, 

NEwToN WILSON, 

27, Hilldrop Road, N., March 26th, 1894. 








£100 FOR INFRINGING A PRAM PATENT. 


‘An action to recover penalties under the Patents and 
Trades Marks Act, 1883, occupied a considerable portion 
of the time of Mr. Justice Day in the Civil Court at the 
Manchester Assizes on the 6th ult... The plaintiffs were 
Messrs. Campbell & Co., bassinette and perambulator 
manufacturers, of Manchester, and the defendants were 
Messrs. Grimshaw & Co., who carry ona similar business 
in Liverpool. In February, 1892, plaintiffs purchased 
the design of a combination mail cart and bassinette, and 
after proceeding to have it patented they made eight of 
the vehicles, which had a ready sale. It was the prettiest 
carriage in the market, said Mr. Bradbury, the plaintiffs’ 
counsel, and the defendants sent a man to the shop of a 
Mrs. Harrington for the purpose of copying the design, 
and then made other carriages like it. Dr. Sparrow said 
the defendants denied entirely the story of the plaintiffs 
that a person had been sent to copy the design of the 
plaintiffs from a hostile dealer’s shop. The defendants 
alleged that before the plaintiffs’ design was registered at 
all they had made and sold a similar combination carriage 
and the plaintiffs had no right to registerthe design. There 
was nothing really new in it.—Mr. Bradbury called the 
attention of the jury to the fact that Johnson, a former 
workman of the defendants, had voluntarily left their 
employment because he would not make certain carriages, 
and he had been shouted at in the streets and assaulted 
because he was going to give evidence against them in 
the case, and had to seek the protection of the police. 
The judge said Liverpool was a place notorious for 
rowdyism in thestreets. The jury found for the plaintiffs, 
damages £100, and an injunction to prevent the 
further infringement of the design of the plaintiffs was 
granted, 








CONDITIONAL SALES IN THE STATES, 


The Connecticut Supreme Court has handed down an important 
decision regarding conditional sales of property, which has a direct 
bearing on the large business throughout the State, in the selling of 
furniture, pianos, bicyles, sewing machines, &c., on the instalment 

lan. 

P ‘This business, has been done under some disadvantages to the 
dealers. . A sold furniture, for illustration, to B, on the instalment 
plan, and B sold it to C before he had fully paid for it himself. Then 
if the dealer. A, replevined the goods and secured them, C, the inno- 
cent purchaser, was the loser. It was to reach such cases as this that 
the last General Assembly passed a law for the protection of C and his 
like.,. This statute provides that when A sells to B on the instalment 


plan, with the condition that the title to the goods shall remain with A 
“mtil they’are fully paid for, such contract shall be in writing and 
fredorded it! the town clerk’s office where the purchaser 5 resides. 
Thenif:C desires to purchase the goods, he can apply at the town 
clerk’s office and satisfy himself whether they belong wholly to B, or 


to be absolute sales, and the sale fo B would be-an absolute sale, and 
the dealer could look only to B for his goods or his money. , 

The instalment dealers objected to this new law not only on 
account of the trouble, but the expense of a dollar or more for record- 
ing each conditional sale in the office of the town clerk in the town 
where the purchaser resides. The Furniture Dealers’ Protective 
Association decided to make a test case, and it was brought in 
Bridgport. Lee Brothers sold 100 dollars worth of furniture to a Mr. 
Skidmore on the instalment plan, and Skidmore, who owed for the 
goods, sold them to Crane, a second-hand dealer. Lee Brothers reple- 
vined the goods and sued Crane for damages. The case was tried in 
the Common Pleas Court, and went up to the Supreme Court for 
opinion as to the law. 

The Supreme Court, in a unanimous opinion, advises ‘the lower 
Court to render judgment for the dealers, Lee Brothers. The practical 
effect of this, if the case is properly reported, appears to be that sales 
on the instalment plan need not be recorded in order to continue 
the lien on the property by the seller until the property has been fully 
paid for. His lien remains good until the last penny was paid and he 
can then take the goods, under his contract of conditional sale,wherever 
he finds them. 




















































































































Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, have removed their Sheffield 


headquarters from 42, Broad Street, to 36, Penstone Street. The new 
premises are exceedingly handsome, and fitted both inside ard out 
with the electric light. We hope Mr. D. Towler, the district manager, 
will find a considerable increase in business resulting from this necessary 
change. 

s * * 

We have just received from Messrs: Simmons & Co., of 3, Tanner 
Street, Bermondsey, S.E., a new illustrated list of children’s carriages, 
&c., which, whilst by no means exhausting the great variety of styles 
which they stock, describes the principal. The list is concisely 
arranged, and neatly printea. ae 


* 
Mr. C. J. Webb, who for ten years was with Messrs. Bradbury & 
Co., Limited, and recently retired from the position of manager of their 
Bristol depot, has started business on his own account at Stokes Croft 
and Jamaica Street, Bristol, as a dealer in household machinery. 

* 

Mr. G. McKendrick, after being superintendent in the Kilmarnock 
district of the Singer Manufacturing Company for eight years, has 
opened premises at 47, Fullarton Street, Kilmarnock, as a dealer in 
wringing machines, perambulators, clocks, &c. We wish him every 
success in his new venture. ou 

+ 

The Singer Manufacturing Company have removed their Manchester 

showroom from 107, Market Street, to 57, Piccadilly. 
* * 


A change in the partnership of Cragoe & Brown, dealers in cycles 
and sewing machines, &c., Bridgend, has taken place. Mr. John 
Brown continues the business. a : 

f * 

There seems to be a certain fatality about sewing machine promoters. 
Mr. Saul Isaacs, who was one of the chiefs of the ‘* Moldacot ” -Com- 
pany, has recently figured in the London Gazette, and now Satter- 
thwaite & Co., who promoted the fitful Noble Sewing Machine Com- 
pany, are in the list of bankrupts. 









(A) = = 
———=— 


Hl 
yuu 
i 


















Messrs. Hirsch & Co., Tabernacle Street, Finsbury, have recently 
been appointed sole agents for the well-known Packard organs. 
=z * - 
* 

A prettily decorated piano (G model) has just been put on the 
market by Messrs. Jarrett & Goudge, of Hackney. It contains repeater 
action, and stands 4 ft. 2 in. high. . 

* 


Messrs. Broadwood White, & Co, will shortly bring out a new 
pianoforte, which, whilst embodying all the qualifications of a good 
instrument, will be cheaper in price than any they have previously 
produged. 


* * 


‘ 

A patent has been taken out by Mr..P. Duffy, of New York, for the 
construction of pianofortes without bridge pins. It is so constructed 
that the strings are secured over the bridge between the two bearing 
edges, so as to bring the strain of the strings on-the bar in-a vertical 
line. 


+2 


+ 
Messrs. J. Wallis & Son, Limited, 133, 


Euston Road, have 
relinquished the agency for the Packard organs. : 
«+s 


* 
Messrs. Story & Clark, 62, Tabernacle Street, E.C., have lately 
brought outa new style of their pianos (No. 6), standing q it. 7 in. high 
in handsome cases 








18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


APRIL 2, 1894. 








7 \ 
S a) = tS 
SSA SS RMSE 














HINTS ON REPAIRING AND ADJUSTING 
SHWING MACHINES. 


Noisy MACHINES. 





By R. E. Parer.« 


WHILE no sewing machine can be run without making 
some noise, there are a good many that make altogether 
too much. Ina family machineit is most desirable that 
it should be eliminated as far as possible. This is par- 
ticularly true of one that has been used for a number of 
years, and has become worn in many of its parts. A 
great many of these so-called rattle traps can, however, be 
redeemed to an extent, and when being repaired some of 
the noise can be taken out of them. 

Of course, where you take a machine down, or to 
pieces, the first step is to clean all the parts. This done, you 
can then easily see what parts or pieces are worn and 
how much. Frequently machines are noisy, because 
certain bearings, shaft collars and the like, are not up as 
closely as they might be, and yet run free. A shaft in the 
head ofa machine, no matter whether in the arm or 
under the bed, that is loose endwise—has end play as 
some term it—will cause a thumping noise. This can be 
stopped by setting the’shaft collar up a little closer, or if 
the band-wheel acts as a collar or bearing that can be 
made to fit tighter by drawing up the nut a little on the 
outside. When there is no nut on the outside, or the 
band-wheel is not held on to theshaft by set screws, that 
admit of its being adjusted, as 1s the case on some modern 
machines, the repairer will have toresort to washers. 
These can be made of thin brass or German silver, either 
of which can be procured of a thickness (perhaps thin- 
ness would be a better word) of thin paper. Even one 
of these will sometimes be more than enough, and then 
the only way to do is to reduce the bearing somewhat, 
which can be done either with a milling cutter, when 
one is at hand, or by filing ; but in the latter great care 
must be employed, or it will destroy the level. Don’t 
use emery, particularly on cast iron, as particles of emery 
are apt to imbed themselves in the metal, and cause 

cutting afterwards. 

Another noise maker is a loose shaft, by which I mean 
one that has become too smallin diameter for the hole or 
bearing in which it turns or revolves. It may be that the 
shaft has worn smaller and again the hole in the casting 
may have grown larger. Or it may be both. But no 
matter which it is the task is to restore these parts so that 
they will be as near new as possible. If the shaft is still large 
enough so that it will not need any attention, bushing 
the hole will do the job. - Iron or brass tubing makes 
excellent bushings. It need not te too thick, one-six- 
teenth of an inch being heavy enough for family work. 
Select a piece of pipe—brass is easiest worked—that has a 
hole to fit the shaft by enlarging the hole if too tight. 
Don’t reduce the shaft under any considerations. Next 
ream the hole in the casting so as to receive the bushing, 
which must not be too long and flush on the outside. 
Drill a small hole at the side, tap it, and turn a screw into 
it that shall enter but not penetrate the bushing. This 
serew should fit tight, as it must not be set up so hard as 
to presson the tubing or it will bind the shaft. A small 
indentation in the bushing will keep it in place by allowing 
the screw to enter it without being pinched by it. Next 
drill your oil hole to match the one in the casting, and 
that job is done. 

When the shaft is worn small, the work is just the 
opposite. Take a piece of thesame tubing, only smaller, 





*In the New Vork Sewing Machine News. 





and turn down the shaft until it fits the hole in the tubing. 
Drive it on, and either solder it in place or pass a small 
pin through it. Thenputit inthe lathe and turn or file 
it down to fit the hole in the casting. 


The objection to these proceedings may be raised by 
some repairers that all this takes too much time and too 
much labour, Of course it takes time and labour, too, 
but suppose you had to send a long distance for a 
new shaft, what would it cost you, and would 
it fit the old hole? In nine cases out of ten 
you would have almost as much work on it besides the 
expense of the new part, and then see the time lost 
getting it, possibly from the city, milesaway. And how 
could you fix the one where the casting is worn? It 
would never do to get a new arm or bed, and unless the 
shaft runs in a bushing from the first you can get none 
ready made. You will have to makeit yourself, and with 
the proper tools and a reasonably true lathe you can do it 
in a very short time, and get the job done. 

The feed is another part that is very liable to be noisy. 
In some machines it is noisy from the beginning, and 
these we accept as they are, but many are comparatively 
quiet when not worn. Sometimes these feed mechanisms 
are guarded by little pieces of leather, and when they 
become worn down, or get hard, they p-rmit of excessive 
movement, causing nceise. When the feed parts them- 
selves become worn, the simplest way is to replace them 
with new, when it can be done easily (and if the parts are 
in the market), but oftentimes a piece can be repaired to 
do good service again, and at less cost than new. Some 
feed mechanisms are composed of a great many pieces, 
jointed together by means of pins, rivets, or screws. 
Naturally they must work freely, but there should be as 
little noise as possible. Wear, no matter how little, causes 
noise, either clicking or rattling. A little hammering, 
and a very little at that, will often stop a riveted joint 
from rattling, and a pinned connection can be improved 
by making a new pin. When screws are emplvuyed in 
these joints they are generally of the kind having 
shoulders ofa greater diameter than the threaded part of 
the screw. Shortening this shoulder just a little and 
closing the hole in the piece that engages it by hammer- 
ing (when the material will allow it) will make a loose 
joint close. When these screws have cone-shaped heads 
and a lock or check nut on the screw, the manner of 
tightening need not be explained—it is self evident. 

Connection levers, too, are great noise makers. And 
about every machine has one or more of them for trans- 
mitting motion to other parts. Shuttles arethus operated in 
many of the reciprocating machines and needle levers and 
bars are given perpendicular motion from a rotating 
shaft by means of eccentrics and their connecting levers. 
The cause of the noise is usually the same as the feed, 

or in fact most parts, wear of the parts. When it can 
be taken up by means of screws or pins it is quickly and 
easily accomplished. A slight turning of the screw will 
make a big change, and care should be used that the 
taking out of noise does not make the machine run hard. 
Remarks made in regard to the feed mechanisms will 
often apply to levers of other kinds, as their nature 
is similar, and sois their working, the difference being 
only in the purpose. 


Shuttles in family machines should not be allowed 
excess of room in the carrier. Unless very heavy work, 
employing extra coarse thread, is done on them, the 
clearance usually allowed in new machines even can be 
reduced, thus reducing the size of the click of the shuttle 
as the thread passes over it, and as it comes in contact 
with the carrier at each movement, either forward or 
backward. There is bound to bea click, but it can be 
kept down to that, and not have it so great as to suggest 
a stone-crusher. So close up the horns on your shuttle 
carriers, leaving just enough clearance to give the thread 
room to pass without detention, and thus increasing the 
under tension in effect, and no more. 


By giving the points enumerated in this article your 
close attention, you will find that much of the noise will 
disappear, or rather it won’t be created. Yet not every 
job of repairing will justify the repairer in taking so 
much pains, but where it does it certainly constitutes a 
good job. There are still other noise producers connected 
with a family machine, but I will speak of them 
another time. 








and Sewing Machine Gazette. 












UNPRECEDENTED SUCCESS. 


WORLD'S FAIR CHICAGO 


THE SINGER | Soh teateepaniaige G CO. 


54 FIRST AWARDS, 


been brought together at any Exhibition. 





THIS GREAT TRIUMPH b LARGELY DUE T0 


SINGER’S 
NEW SEWING MACHINES, 


and Marvellous Producti 


A Source of the Greatest iaase “al ne 
TO THE USERS OF EARLIER STYLES. 


MACHINES OF ANYBODY’S MAKE REPAIRED OR EXCHANGED, 


_THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 00, 


CITY SHOWROOM : 147, CHEAPSIDE, E.C., 
Offices reat Britai d Ir 


Speer =o = arr are ee ee - —— 








20 ie Journal a BIQMIGS gio eYalges fee! 2 pee 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse- dices Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON St eee AND INSPECTION “INVITED. 


THE “BELL” ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD. 
95s NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W. 


AHR HRO,FP $s 


EON ececd oe Makers in the Trade for High-class 


BABY CARRIAGES, 
“Pry MAIL CARTS & BATH CHAIRS 














































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Coloured Catalogue sent on 
application, with best Terms to 
the Trade. 


SAMPLE SHOW ROOM— 


85, ELY PLACE, HOLBORN, 
LONDON, E.C. 
AGENT-MR. E. E. JENKINS, 











Special Show Day Every Friday. — 


Works—Bury Street Mills, STOCKPORT. 
Wholesale Warenouse—55, Tib Street, MANCHESTER. 


W. FOSTER @ CO. 
46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM, 





REGISTERED DxssIGn. 















































‘.. 


MANUFAOTURLAS OF EVERY DESGRIRTION OF PERAMBULA TOR FITTINGS, .ROOD JOINTS,, HANDLES, AN BRASS 
ang WOOD, BRASS HANDLE RODS, TOY FITTINGS, IRON HOOD BRAS IES, SANOPY TRONS, SPRINGS, BODIES, &6, 


aT NNO AS 











American Weinger 60 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 
























































The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
Lest materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘HOUSEHOLD’ WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it oft. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Consider ng the quality of the materials used, the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


OO OOO0OOOO0000650520065 5956805506 0008 


WHAT 1S THIS ? ec 








This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
We guarantee all 


SSS ed 


rollers in our ma- 


chines to have an 





equal thickness of 





rubber to that shown 


in the sketch. 








“yy PP RIG OE 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





THE AMERICAN WRINGER (0. 


129, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, 8.E, 


LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
i Glove Knitter in the Market. 









SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
4 ; ds = CHEMNITZ KNITTER, 


ter all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 








oT COs MEDAu 


ee © Stock nes ril bed or plain 
chal © GLOVES ard CLOPEING 19 
# OL. SILK, or COTTON 
T ‘S FREE. Lista2d perp st 

NT AWARD at PALI. The on'y 
hé WCTID of ° GCLD MEDALS 
ENJTTING MACHINF CQ, 
.. Ma chester. 


Nee 











wks 3%, Up er Uso0k S 





The New 


A ROTHWELL KNITTER 


J s the only machine in the world 
which can knit every garment 
: that can be done by hand. 
It would take three days by hand what could be done on the 
“New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, aod thousands of !adies 
who have entirely abolished hand koitting are now earning gocd 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything in eitner si.k, wool, or cotton. 


Write for prices and full partioulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St. , Bolton. 























Tug White Sewing Machine Company, 48, Holborn Viaduct, have 
just issued their ’94 catalogue of their “‘ Wincycle”’ safeties, from w! ich 
we observe they are prepared to supply a really good safety at as low 


afigureas £14. The list is well illustrated, has a full specification 
appended to each class of ‘‘ Wincycle,” and, moreover, is agreeably 
perfumed. The White Company are open to appoint agents in 
districts where not at present represented. 


* 

A departure has been made by Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, 
the well-known sewing machine makers, inasmuch as they have added 
a cycle building department to their works, and exhibit a neat little 
racing safety at their Newgate Street showrooms. 

zs 


. 

Mr. W. Henley, of Hackney, has just brought out a new tyre, in 
which the evils of puncturing are minimised by a number of flexible 
wire coils interposed between the arn tube and the outer case. 

* 

Dover readers should bear in mind that Messrs. Hillsdon & Hillsdon 
have opened another depot for the sale of “ Humber” machines, at 
181, Snargate Street. Me 

* 

The wares of the Anti-Friction Ball Company can now be obtained 
from the newly-appointed London agents, Messrs. Taylor, Cooper, & 
Bednell, of Holborn Viaduct. * ; 

A new speed gear for safeties has lately been introduced by an 
American firm, Messrs. Robinson & Roby, of Colorado Springs. It 
works with a pinion and toothed wheels, so arranged as to double the 
speed of the cycle. Another advantage claimed is a triple interchanging 
gear. af 

The Minto Cycle Company, of Teesside, have changed their nomen- 
clature, and will henceforth be known as the Masonic Cycle Company, 

* * 
* 

A combination tyre, consisting of a pneumatic and a solid tyre 
combined, separatcd by a metallic ring, has been designed by a 
Birmingham man. bats 

The South-Western Manufacturing Company, 27, Malva Road, 
Wandsworth, S.W., have just put anew crank and bracket on the 
market, the speciality of which is in the novel mode of wedging the 
cotter, and securing same in its place, this being effected by a thumb- 
screw being brought to bear on the thick end of the cotter, and so, as 
the screw enters its channel, it forces the pin down, and this binds the 
crank into position. pct 

Another new tyre is being put on the market by Mr. j. B. Fenby, of 
Sutton Coldfield, Warwick. It consists of 2 aymber of undulated 
springs inside a thick rubber case. ies 

* 

Tke Seddon Tyre Company faye brougat oul two new. iyres, one 

for racers and one for roadsters. . ¢ 


IN-TRLUC 


22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances. 


APRIL 2, 1894. 





OUR TRADE 


SEWING MACHINES AND ACCESSORIES. 
Machines a Coudre. 


Baer & Rempel, Bielefeld, the.Phcenix. 

Bradbury & Co., Ltd., Wellington Works, Oldham, and branches. : 

Bradbury, C., 249A, High Holborn, London, W.C., Grimme, Natalis, 
& Co.’s machines. : 
Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., 59, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., 
the Branston Two-reel machine. 4 
Bishop's Cluster Co., 147, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Gloria 
machine and others. i ; 

Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham, Lancs., the Eclipse machine. 

Jones Sewing Machine Co., Ltd., Guide Bridge, Jones’ machines. 

Kimball & Morton, Ltd., Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, the Lion machine 
and others, p 

Lohmann, C., Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Electra machine and 
others: 

Murdoch, J. G. & Co., Ltd., 91, Farringdon Road, London, E.C:, 
various machines. Aue 

National Sewing Machine Co., Fetter Lane, E.C., the National 
machine: 

Patent Button Hole Machine Co!, 4, Newgate Street, London, E.C: 

Pfaff, G. M., 132, Wool Exchange, London, the Pfaff. : 

Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C., the high arm 
Naumann machines and others. 

Singer Manufacturing Co., 39, Foster L:ne, London, and branches. 

Gordon & Gotch, 15, Bride Street, London, E.C., the Domestic. 

Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., Lim., Albion Street, Birmingham, 
Daniel Jones’ Patent Two-reel machine. : 

Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley, Yorks, the Cyclops machine. 

Vertical Feed Co., 24, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Vertical 
Feed Machine. 

Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 

White Sewing Machine Co., 48, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., the White 
machine. 

Wheeler & Wilson Co., 21, Queen Victoria Street, E,C., the Wheeler 
and Wilson machine. 


eel 


DIRECTORY, 


Webster, H., 442 & 444. Harrow Road, London, W., the New Home 
machine. 
Zschwinzscher, G., 102, Fenchurch Street, E C., Biesolt & Locke’s 
machines. 


MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 
Bell, W. and Co,, 95, New Bond Street. London, W. 
Grover and Wood, 62, Glengall Road, London, S.E. 
Lohmann, C., address given above. 
Murdoch, J. G. and Co., Ltd. (automatic, etc.), do. 
Peters and Co.. do. 84, Oxford Street, London, W. 
Whight, G. and Co., Regent Street. 


KNITTING MACHINES. 
Machines a Tricoter. 
Biernatzki and Co., 44, Mansfield Road, Nottingham, 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Harrison Knitting Machine Co., Manchester. 
Rothwell & Co., Lim., Bolton. 
Stibbe, G., 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 


BEDSTEADS. 
Atlas Bedstead Co., Bilston, Staffs. 
WASHING AND WRINGING MACHINES. 

Machines a Laver. 
Acme Machine Co., Hehrietja Street, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
American Wringer Co,, 122, Southwark Street, London, S.E., 

rubber wringers. 5 

Cherry Tree Machine Co., Cherry Tree, Lancs., washers and mangles. 
Kimball & Morton, Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
Taylor & Wilson, Atlas Works, Accrington. 


; BICYCLES. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Oxford Cycle Co., Oxford. 
St. George’s Cycle Co., Upper Street, London, N. 
Roberts, H. S., Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, Bucks. 
Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C. 
Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 





JAMES LLOYD & CO., 


London Representative : 


LR. W. F. KNIGHT, 
82, CITY ROAD, E.C. 


EURST STREET, 


BIRMIN 
































































































































The above are three out of our six leading lines, and are regular Goods, which can be 
repeated all through the Season. 





Write at once for our “ No. 4” LIST, containing over 100 designs of 
INVALID CARRIAGES, MAIL CARTS, and BASSINETTES, including a 
large variety of HAMMOCKS suspended by Straps. 





APRIL 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


The Kingsland Manufacturing Go G0, 


MAKERS OF GOOD, SOUND, RELIABLE 


a ey CC Ls ee 


At a Low Price, 






= 1894 

OUSHIONS, Wy DUNLOP 
£5 12s. 6p. fF 22 NV" \y)_DETAGHABLE, 
V7}, SS ) £8 10s. 


Other Tyres at equally Low Prices. 


SEND FOR OUR 1894 LIST. 


TU: WHEEL AYTAKIN 


















































MALN SS H.0P 





















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































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3, DOCWRA’S BUILDINGS, KING HENRY'S WALK, KINGSLAND, 


LONDON. N. 





APRIL 2, 1894. 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


24 


ing. 


ISI 


ive Adverti 


Effect 


lars 
lars to any Dealer 


at the following rates for cash; 1 


and 10,000, 4/9 per 1 


I’Cu 


Ta’ Ci 


‘S wigs 


“ Baby 


1S 


ing h 
OOO 7/6; 


print 


b) 


ircu 


We are open to supply Pictorial C 


name and address ons 


b) 


,000. 


ame, 


We also 
t the samerates 


per 1,000; 


G/ 


publish a Pictorial Circular relating to Sewing 


3,000, 


Inesa 


Mach 


ster Row, LONDON... 


28, Paterno 


SEWELL & Co., 








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NO ADVANCE. * 


APRIL 2, 1894. 


Failures and Arrangements. 


JOSHUA HEALE, Furniture Dealer, &c., Torquay. 


A meeting of creditors has taken place in the above. The liabilities 
are stated at £834, and the assets, consisting of book debts, were esti- 


mated at £495, but £100 only was really tendered for same, and this 


was accepted. Among the creditors are: North London Engineering 
Company, £11 6s. 6d., Humpbrey, Keates, & Co., £19 9s. 3d. 


JOHN WOOSTER, Cycle Manufacturer and Dealer in Domestic 
Machinery, late of Victoria Road, Peckham. 


A Receiving Order has been made in the above, whose present 
address it is stated is unknown. 


S. CARTER & CO., Domestic Machinery Dealers, Southend. 


A Receiving Order was granted in the above on March 17th. The 
examination is fixed for May 2nd. 


McPHERSON, McCORMICK & CO.. cycle and perambulator dealers, 
8, York Street, Belfast. 


A deed of arrangement has been filed in the above, liabilities 
41,005 6s. 5d., assets, £560 10s. A composition of 9s. in the pound 
is being accepted, payable in three instalments. 


RICHARD COOPER, JUN., ironmonger, Goole. 


A receiving order has been issued in the above. Among the creditors 
are W. Summerscales & Sons, Limited, for £28 5s. 3d. 


THE CENTRAL FURNISHING COMPANY, 139, Manchester 
Road, Oldham. 


A deed of arrangement has been filed in the above, the liabilities being 
stated at £806, and the assets at £230. A composition of 7s. 6d. in 
the pound has been accepted. The older Summerscales are creditors 
for £29 16s. 


CHARLES F. OWEN, bassinette manufacturer, 49, Shudehill, 
Manchester, also of Didsbury. 


A deed of arrangement was registered in the above on February 27th. 


Liabilities, £652 4s. 8d., assets, £36 15s. 6d. Among the trade 
creditors are: G. H. Hughes, £39; Payne & Sons, £55. 


NOTE «. 








and Sewing Machine Gazette. 2 


on 


NEW EDITION, 
THOROUGHLY REVISED ANZ 
GREATLY ENLARGED. 


ox + 


WEBSTER S 


\ INTERNATIONAL | 
DICTIONARY / 





Price 34/6. i2 Parts, 2/6 Lach. 


Bditorial Work upot this re 
vision has been jn active progress 
for over 10 Years. No fewer than 
1G0 Editorial Labourers have 
peen engaged upon it, and over 
£60,009 was expended in its pré- 
paration before the first copy was 


~ printed. 


Prospectuses Free on Application. 


G. BELL & SONS, 4 YORK STREET, 
COVENT GARDEN, LOWnoON. 


Prices cut: 





A Thousand 
assorted 
Bedsteads at 
Old Prices 
for Immediate 
Orders. 


WRITE FOR LIST. 








1 Fine for Prompt 
Cash Buyers. 


BEDSTEADS 
From 7/~ each, 





| PERAMBULATORS 
From 15/6 each. 


MAIL CARTS 
From '7/6G each. 








AMERICAN “ DOQOMESTIG” SEWING MACHINE 


= 


— FOR THE FAMILY OR THE MANUFACTORY, 


skill in management. 




















IT STANDS AT THE HEAD BECAUSE 


It is the simplest machine made, having few parts, no complications, and requires little 


It is the lightest-running machine, hence produces less fatigue in operating, and on that 
account is especially recommended by the medical faculty. 

It is adapted to the greatest range of work, will do the finest as well as the heaviest, and is 
suited to the use of all appliances that facilitate the ordinary, fancy, or difficult work. 

It is always ready for use, and requires no special adjustment when the work is changed. 

It is the most durable machine ever made. Its construction is in accordance with the most 


advanced and approved mechanical principles, and all the parts are case-hardened, working 
on adjustable conical bearings. 





HAND MACHINES from £4.4s., TREADLE MACHINES from £5 10s. 


Terms and full particulars can be obtained from 


GORDON & GOTCH, 15, St. Bride Street, LONDON, E.v. 


AGENTS WANTED WHERE NOT ALREADY REPRESENTED, 





LOOK! Agenis wanted to introduce 
reliable cycles at popular prices on the easy- 
payment system. Dunlop Pneumatic Safeties 
from £10 10s. Handsome commission paid 
S immediately the order is accepted. No further 

é trouble; no risk.—Address, Manager, Ivanhoe 
Cyele 8 ee Castle Cary, Bath. 


ANTED, FURNITURE, Sewing Machines, 


Musical Instruments, Clocks, Pram3, Mail Carts, Bicycles, 
&c., to sell on Commissicn.— T. Rees, 10, Seymour Street, Aberdare. 











WANTE D, RE-ENGAGEMENT by energetic 
Manager, Domestic Appliance, and Sewing Machine Business. 
S., 


Thoroughly up in the hire trade.—Address, care of Sewing 


Machine Gazette. 


ANTED, TO PURCHASE, quantity secondhand 


Sewing Machines or dealers soiled stock. State lowest price. 
—Machine, Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 








AGENCIES. — CHARLES J. WEBB (ten years 

Manager for Bradbury & Co., Lim.), having opened Show 
Rooms in central position, wants good Agencies, either buying or 
otherwise.—Address, 75, Stokes Croft, Bristol. 


WANTED, ADDRESS of German firm making 
High-Arm C or Medium Machine for the sliding Face Plate, 
forming zig-zag stitch.—Belton, 58, Oxford Street, Wellingborough. 


O MANUFACTURERS.—A Merchant, with ten 
years experience in South American Markets, and dealing at 
present only in Sewing Machines, intends adding a full line of domestic 
machinery, cycles and novelties, either consignment or purchase. 
Send catalogues and prices to ‘‘American,” care of Advertising 
Offices, 1€3, Queen Victoria Street, E.C. 











PP RAVELLER WANTED to appoint Purchasing 

Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful invention in 
Knitting Machines before the Trade. Only serious men holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 
Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 


WANTED, AGENTS for the NEW ROTHWELL 

CIRCULAR AND FLAT KNITTING MACHINES. 
For terms, &c., apply to W. Rothwell & Co., Limited, Albert Works, 
Bridgman Street, Bolton. 


ST. GEORGE’S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 

Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for eal, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1894 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, and stove -enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 
was the novelty of the National Show. 


£5 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 
ditch, London, or Birmingham. 

















e Journal of Domestic Appliances 


1894, 
THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 


which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 


APRIL 2, 





TO SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS.— 

Wanted a manufacturer to produce a new patent machine of a 
special character, which is already perfected. Machine can be seen at 
work.— ‘‘ Maker,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





YCLES.—Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 

pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 

your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 

wanted everywhere.—78 to 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. 





HARPER TWELVETREES, Manufacturer of 


Laundry Machinery, wishes to appoint a 
SOLE AGENT 
in every Town not yet represented, Liberal Terms tothe Trade for 
cash, or quarterly accounts upon application.— Harper Twelvetrees 
8, City Road, London. 





O1LS.— Our Cash Prices for Sewing Machine Oils 
are: 20z. 14S. 3 0z. I6s., 4 0z. 18s. per gross, in panelled 

bottles. Oil guaranteed the best, or oils matched.—Address, The 

“Manager,” Lady Bridge Oil Works, 54, Spring Street, Hull. 





WANTED, one or two good CANVASSERS to sell 
our Mangles, Wringers, &c.,on Easy Terms. Good Commis 

sionsto togood men.—Apply, Crouch End, Domestic Machinery Stores 

and Cycle Depot, 39, Crouch End Hill, N. Arnold, Manager. : 


{00 Safety Bieyeles, 


PNEUMATICS AND CUSHIONS, 
Thrown on our hands, too late for Shipment, 
OFFERED AT RIDICULOUS PRICES, 
MUST BE CLEARED, 








WRITE FOR LIST: 


F.G.POTTER &C°. 


CYCLE MANUFACTURERS, 
DEREHAM * ROAD, » NORWICH. 





WHY DON’T YOU WRITE TO 


ROTHSCHILD & BAKER, 


31, St. Paul’s Square, Birmingham, 
LEE 


FOR 


NOVELTIES 


IN 















































——=———— 


HIGH CLASS GooDs. 





Perambulators, 
Mail Carts, 


Invalid Chairs ? 


LOV PRICES. 














APRIL 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 27 





BIC DISCOUNTS. BIG PROFITS. 


VACANCIES in a FEW TOWNS for LIYE AGENTS. NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE, 











NYTHING, 


NY SHAPE, >, THE“NO.9”ISEVERREADYTODOIT.< 


(Skis 
NY TIME, 














t took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading machines of the world as the most advanced 
sewing machine mechanism. 


The rotary principle is the true one and wins every time. 


Agents wanted wherever not represented. Address for terms, 


WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CO., 
2', Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 








28 "i The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Aprit 2, 1894. 




















The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


3,001. J. S. Crockart, for improvements in adjustable baby chairs. 

3,159. T. Billson and W. H. Partridge, for improvements in and 
relating to knitting machines. 

3,208. C. E. Cowtan, for improvements in springs and under car- 
tiages for perambulators. 

3,162. A. Latto and D. J: Macdonald, for improvements in overhead 
sewing machines. 

3,528. R. Appel, for improvements in sewing machines. 

3,536. H. T. Ixworth, for an improved perambulator. 

3,651. R. Haddan, a communication from the Scott Shoe Machinery 
Company, of United States, for improvements in or relating ‘to take-up 
mechanism for sewing machines. 

3,852. H. K. Bridger, forimprovements connected with sewing 
machines, ; 

4,052. G. H. Millward, for improvements in or applicable to knit- 
ting machines. : is 
_ 4,149. R. Haddan, a communication from the Scott Shoe Machi- 
nery Company, for improvements in sewing machines. 

4,184. G. A. Judson, for improvements in and relating to sewing 
machines for fringing fabrics. 

4,345. V. White, for improvements in or connected with loop retain- 
ing and spreading mechanism for sewing machines. 

4,438. J. Graham, for improvements in lock-stitch sewing machines. 

4,475. D. Jones, for improvements in or relating to sewing 
machines. 

4,568. W. J. James, for improvements in circular knitting machines. 

4,066. E. D. Currall and T. Harris, for improvements in mail-carts, 
bassinette carriages, and the like. 

4,778. G. H. Milward, for improvements in knitting machines. 


ABSTRACTS AND SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
= (Price 8d. each.) 


4,536. Sewing Machines. D. Richards, London. Dated March 2nd, 
1893. 

This invention has for object to supply a greater quantity of thread 
to the spool cr lock-stitch mechanism than can be wound upon the 
ordinary bobbin, and consists in providing means whereby a second reel 
of cotton is madeuse of for the supply of the underneath thread or 
cotton ; or, alternately, a bobbin may be employed capable of holdinga 
sufficiency of thread. 

4,603. Embroidering Machines. EE, &R. Cornely, 87, Faubourg 
St. Denis, Paris. Dated March 2nd, 1893. 

This machine works with a hooked needle in such a way that the 
chain-stitch is obtained on the underside of the material, the seam 
of the stitching being consequently upon the upperside, which permits 
the production of certain new kinds of work, particularly such as 
braiding work, in which it is desirable that the stitching should appear 


. upon the braid, and that (he stitch chain should be produced on the 


underside of the material, so as not to injure the appearance of the 
braiding work. The machine is constructed so that the needle-hook 
operates in an upward direction from underneath the needle-plate, 
whilst the oscillating thread carrier or Jooper is operated above the 
needle-plate, where it winds its thread around the hook for the pro- 
duction of the chain-stitch, and that the stitch-producing organs can be 
directed by a crank handle in conformity with the universal feed of 
the machine. 

6,150. Sewing Machines. A. Avrial, 16, Rue Drout, Paris. Dated 
March 22nd, 1893. 

This invention chiefly consists in the combination with the ordinary 
mechanism for effecting the sewing operation of apparatus, or means 
for imparting and transmitting motion, whereby the driving shaft is 
actuated by means of a rock or toothed bar, worked inthe one direc- 
tion by hand or foot, and moved in the other direction by the expan- 
sion of a spring, which is compressed by the previous part of the 
motion of the rack. : 

11,534. Sewing Machines. A. Siebert, of Darmstadt, Germany. 
Dated June 12th, 1893. 

This invention relates tc improvements in the chain-stitch forming 
mechanism used in the. convertible lock-stitch sewing machine, 
forming the subject matter of Letters.Patent, No. 850, of 1891. 

The present improvements consist chiefly in providing the looper 
hook with a recess in the underside, terminated by a shoulder in com- 
bination, with means for making the looper pause at the middle 
of its movement, whilst the loop is drawn taut about it so as to prevent 
the loop slipping over the hook. 





15,674. Perambulators, Go-carts. Bassinettes, Sc. T. Taylor 
and H. Gear, of Birmingham. Dated August 18th, 1893. 

The bodies of the vehicles are composed of a framework, the junc- 
tions of which are formed and pivoted together as a parallelogram, 
that is to say, the seat, the bottom, and the back are so pivoted to the 
frame or sides that the general configuration may be immediately 
altered from a sitting posture to a recltning one without removal of the 
person from the vehicle. 

15948... Gassinettes, Perambulators, and Mail-carts. M. T. 
Sharp, 37, Laneford Road, Kentish Town, Dated August 23rd, 
1893. 

The chief part of this invention consists in having one end of the 
Carriage hinged, so that it may be used as a footboard, the said 
end having a movable pointed back-board adopted either to lie 
against {he hinge back or so arranged that one part thereof forms a 
seat and the other a back. 

17,155. Tmo-reel Sening Machines. J, Holroyd. C. B. Hunt, R. 
J. Johns, and Tne New Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Company, 
Limited, 59, Holborn Viaduct, London Dated Septemter 12th, 1893. 

Consists in a certain construction of fittings of two-reel sewing 
machines and arrangements of parts and their operation for () 
governing the motion of the looper for carrying the needle threa 
around the lower reel and its holder ; (2) enabling the lower reel and 
its appliances to be lifted cr suspended for the thread to pass forwardly 
and under, and then to be released for the “ take up” to act for drawing 
in the slack thread ; (3) enabling the lower reel and its holder to be 
swung or canted from its working position for the insertionof a fresh 
reel ; (4) enabling the reel-carrying pillar to be swung clear of the 
holder to facilitate the removal and insertion of reels. 


ET 


COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Tron and Steel Work for Bath Chairs, Bassi- 
aettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
and best workmanship at low prices for 








Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at 


Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 


WHOLESALE PRICES. § 


S<—z/= Organette for 3GS= (Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 





3 Stops, 












By Royal 
VYox-humana, : Letters 
Expression, & Patent 
and Flute. A 
F a Mere 
omplete ti i Child 
Sets of It can Play it. 
Reeds. 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
ete., ete. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLAGK BURN. 





For PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & S¢ 





NS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD., 


WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 





who have the largest Stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wihéets a Speciality. 


Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, _— 


a large quantity always in stock. 


“IMEPIECHS 16/6 PER DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. Ir 
Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 


List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 


May 1, 1894, 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 













London Agent — 


Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 


description 





and 
quality, 39, Holborn 
ie Viaduct, 
suit aie 
all 
Trades. *— 


(2 THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR C0., Linited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAM. 
TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE. 





ea 

LD. 

J 

aes 
“USines. 
S the oes 
Slants 


Assi 
Ces 
e n 


G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, SAMPLES, etc., Post Free. 


Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 
KING'S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 18, 
Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 
terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 
Silver Watches, &c., &c. 


NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 
Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 


Hers AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 

LAMPS,—The “‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 
Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 
Norwich. 


THE NEW PATENT BRITANNIA PETROLEUM 

OIL ENGINE is the safest and_most economical motive power 
yet invented.—Apply, Britannia Tool Factory, Colchester. F actories 
fitted up with engines, shafting, &c. 


A MEMBER of the H.T.P.A., haviag extensive show 

rooms in central position in a good town, is open to receive on 
consignment and to purchase for prompt cash, saleable lines in 
Domestic Machinery, Furniture, Cycles, Bassinettes, Musical Instru- 


























T° HIRE TRADERS AND CAPITALISTS,— 

Capital Furniture Business for Sale in City of Bristol, doing 
about £5,000 per year at good profits. Good position, moderate 
rent, and valuable connection. Every proof as to amount of trade, 
profits, &c. Owner retiring sole cause cf disposal. Price £5,000, 
including good book d: bts 43,000, vr without book debts if desired.— 
Address “ Furniture,’ Sewing Machine Gazette. 


———— al 

SEWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 
first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 

Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 

keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 

Glasgow. 

WANTED, ADDRESSES of Wholesale Traders in 


novelties of merit—Fancy Repository, 88, Cheetham Street, 
Rochdale. 


AGENTS WANTED, to sell Priestley’s Improved 


Charcoal Smoothing or Laundry Irons, and Coal Economisers, 
&e. Manufacturers, Priestley & Co., Gibbet Street, Halifax, Yorks. 


ee EE ES ee 
FURNITURE, SEWING MACHINE,and GENERAL 


Returns, £1,000. Rent £25. Changed hands 


BUSINESS. I 
Incoming, about £250.—Apply, Wilson, Sunny 


once in 60 years. 
Mead, Oxford. 


Re SS SESSA 
MECHANIC, thoroughly up in repairs of all kinds of 


sewirg machines, electric work, &c., wants a position any- 





ments, &c.—Address, ‘ Alpha,” c/o Sewing Machine Gazette Office. | where. _ First-class references——Addre:s, B. H., Sewing Machine 
Gazette Office. 
BELTS ! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing - a i 
: Spee EWING MACHINES.—An experienced SALES- 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted S WOMAN seeks RE-ENGAGEMENT in Show-room, or would 


lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash—Harvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 


CYCLE OILS, Burning and Lubricating, Loose or 

- Bottled. Knitting Machine, Wringer, and Pram Oils. All 

at of Machinery Oils.—Lady Bridge Oil Works, Spring Street, 
ull, 





take charge of stand at exhibition. Highest references.—A. B., 78, 
Guilford Street, W.C. i E aiae 
VWVANTED, First-class PURCHASING AGENTS 

for the Rothwell Knitting Machines. Will give sole agency 
and most liberal terms to good men.—Apply, W. R. & Co., Ltd. 
Albert Works, Bridgman Street, Bolton. 





T2s-e5 


fHE JOURNALOF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1s. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscriptio n.—2s. 6d. per annum, or 9d. per quarter, post free. 


Advertisements.—Tariffon Application, All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 


Contributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for if so arranged: Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises, &c., in their several towns. 


Trade Information —We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
Stamp for reply. 


Replies to Advertisements.—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 


In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either “ Publisher,” or 
" Editor,” at the address given below. 


Hire Agreements and Payment Cards—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application. 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
jist of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 

Non-subscribers. Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a@// our readers do likewise? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 























As will be seen on another page, the 


The . . 5 = . 
“Cutting Draper” American sewing machine trade is 
Again. much concerned at the present 
moment on the “cheap machine” 
question. But not only isit in America that the ‘ cheap 


machine” exercises the mind of the trade ; in this country 
also it has been the cause of very keen feeling for some 
considerable time, due to the iact that the “cutting 
draper ’’ is more and more using sewing machines as an 
advertisement line. Were his competition legitimate 
there would be no cause ofcomplaint, but the draper does 
not deal with sewing machines as he does his own special 
merchandise. It is clear to the least observant that the 
draper who includes sewing machines amongst his retail 
stock marked at a ridiculously meagre profit, has some 
ulterior motive in so doing. What is that motive? The 
answer is patent. It is part of the policy of the draper to 
use the cheap sewing machine, conspicuously placed, as a 
bait to attract customers to his counters on the likely 
chance that they will buy other of his wares on which he 
reaps a rich harvest of profit. Similar practices have 
long been in vogue as regards certain lines in dry goods, 
and the unsophisticated and uninitated oft-times wonder 
at the marvellous cheapness of certain classes of drapery. 
And, of a truth, they are cheap, often being sold at cost 
price, or even under ; but it is merely a piece of seductive 
scheming in order that customers may be drawn to the 
establishment, and that, in addition to these cheap lines, 
they may buy goods on which a compensating profit is 
placed. So it is with the cheap machine, and this, we 
aver, is the only reason for the draper selling the same. 

Nor is this the only objectionable feature in the 
transactions of the so-called “cutting draper,”’ for he is 
ever treading on the corns of other standard trades, such 
as the furniture, piano, toy, shoe, &c., and selling their 
special commodities at rates far too low to enable the 
regular dealers in these goods to make a living. 

Really, by such methods the draper is in a fair way to 
make himself universally detested by other traders ; and 
justly so, for it is manifestly unfair that he should under- 
sell other traders in order to acquire an inordinate 
profit on the wares of his own particular trade. Unless 
a change soon takes place we shall strongly urge sewing 
machine dealers to make common cause with the other 
aggrieved traders and to start reprisals. The draper’s 
most vulnerable point is seasonable and fancy goods 
upon which his profits range from 25 to 100 per cent. 
Now if these were treated by the various traders the 
draper is trying to crush in the same way as he treats 
their particular goods, viz., use them as cutting lines 
merely for advertisement, Mr. Draper would soon find 


that he cannot really afford to play “ducks and drakes ” 
with other traders’ wares. 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


May 1, 1894. 











— 


The Story of the Sewing Machine. 
WITH REMINISCENCES, PERSONAL AND GENERAL, 
By NEWTON WILSON. 


CHAPTER XXV. 


ArE TRADE Names TRADE Marks ? 
‘©\WHEELER & WILSON.’ 


The problem partially propounded in the last chapter 
is by no means so facile of solution as might at the first 
glance have been imagined. The answer might be mono- 
syllabic both in the positive and the negative sense. In 
both it is modified by various considerations. In the first, 
or positive sense, it is qualified most materially in its 
limits of application. 

Suppose the article is a Collard & Collard, the term 
carries but one idea, viz., that of an instrument of susic 
manufactured by that well-known firm. And it conveys 
to the mind no idea of form or construction. Suppose it, 
instead, to be a‘ Jones ” or a “Bradbury ”; here again 
the idea conveyed to the mind is one of manufacture only, 
and not of any particular form or construction. In none 
of these cases could the names be registered as a trade 
mark. Supposing, however, it is a Martini-Henry 
rifle. The idea conveyed is that of a riflecombining the 
lock of one inventor and the barrel of another, that has 
been the subject of certain combined patents, during the 
currency of which the monopoly of such manufacture was 
restricted to the owners of the invention. Under that 
name it was supplied and furnished to our own Govern 
ment. When the patent had expired by the effluxion of 
time, it fell into the public domain ; any one could use it, 
but the name which it had received during the currency 
of the patent continued after its expiration to be in- 
separably associated therewith. It was the name of the 
article then, and there was no other name by which it was 
recognised or could possibly be described. 

Now, how do these facts apply to the case of the sewing 
machine? In this way, that wherever the name of the 
original inventor or patentee had, during the existence of 
the patent been used and applied, no matter by whom, 
whether the patentee or the public at large, to a particular 
style of machine, the name of that patentee, and the 
machine combined, became with the patent the property 
of the public. 

A patent is granted on certain fixed conditions. The 
first is that it is limited in duration. The second is that 
it shall be so fully described in every detail that any com- 
petent workman should be enabled to use it and apply its 
advantages on the termination of the inventor’s rights. 
And the first and most important of these advantages was 
that of using the name as it had already been recognised 
by the public. Were it otherwise, the inventor would be 
presented with a perpetual patent, which would constitute 
a direct contraversion of English law. Following out this 
view the sewing machine industry of this country may be 
divided into two classes. The first consists of those who 
had made one, or perhaps two, particular forms of machine, 
adding special arrangements of construction well marked 
and defined. These comprise the ‘‘ Thomas,” the 
“Wheeler & Wilson,” the ‘Grover & Baker,’ the 
‘“Singer,” the “Howe,” and the “ Willcox & Gibbs.” 
The second comprises all those who manufactured a 
number of different varieties, not one of which carried the 
maker’s name, or could carry it, as a descriptive term. 
Amongst these may be mentioned the firm represented by 
the name of the writer, “ Jones & Co., Limited,” “ Brad- 
bury & Co., Limited,” ‘‘ Sellars,” ‘‘ Kimball & Morton,” 
and in fact all the rest. 

What supervened was this state of things. One class of 
manufacturers was arrayed against another, the Home 
against the Foreign, the English versus the American. 
The patents of the latter having fallen through, they were 
eagerly appropriated by the former, Imitation is said to 
be the sincerest flattery, and imitations there were ad 
infinitum 


May 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. «8 


a 


According to an uncertain poet :— 

Big fleas have little fleas upon their backs to bite ‘um, 
Little fleas have less, and so ad infinitum. 

The imitations were, perhaps, as welcome in the one 
case as in the other. They were stigmatised as bogus, 
spurious, &c. They were, however, distinct and legitimate 
reproductions, and to those productions by English houses 
the original firms were indebted for many of those im 
provements which they did not hesitate in their turn to 
incorporate. Still, these improved machines or repro- 
ductions were sold under their original names. Generally 
to distinguish them, the local manufacturers added the 
word principle, while the Continental appended the word 
system. 

But, as might be expected, the use of the names even 
when thus qualified was galling to the original patentees, 
and efforts were speedily made and suits instituted with 
the view of checking or stopping the use of the objection- 
able terms. 

The Wheeler & Wilson Company were the first to move 
in this direction. They had for a considerable period 
representing them as their agent in Birmingham Mr. 
Thomas Shakespear. The connection was severed soon 
after the expiration of the patent, and Mr. Shakespear in- 
troduced and sold his machines—which, I believe, were 
“ made in Germany ’—as Wheeler and Wilson machines. 

The matter came before the Courts in the early part of 
November, 1869, the hearing was before Vice-Chancellor 
James, and the case lasted two days. The following is the 
report as it appeared in the Bzrmingham Daily Post, 
Saturday, November 12th :— 

“The case of the Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing 
Company v. Thomas Shakespear was heard by Vice- 
Chancellor James at Lincoln’s Inn on Tuesday. 

“This was a bill praying the Court to grant an injunction 
to restrain the defendant, of No. 32, UnionStreet, Birming- 
ham, from representing himself as the agent of the 
American Wheeler & Wilson sewing machine, or from 
using the name of Wheeler & Wilson in anv way ; and 
praying further that damages might be given to the 
plaintiffs for lossof profit and injury fromthe infringement 
of title up to the present time. 

‘« The facts of the case are shortly these :—In the year 
1860, the defencant became agent for the sale in Birming- 
ham of the Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company’s 
sewing machines, and he continued to act in that capacity 
until December, 1867, when it came to the knowledge of 
Mr. Holmes, the plaintiffs’ agent in Liverpool, that the 
defendant was making and selling machines called the 
‘Royal Sewing Machine,’ contrary to the terms of his 
appointment as the plaintiffs’ agent. A correspondence 
ensued, and in January, 1868, defendant undertook to desist 
from the sale of the machines mentioned, on condition of 
his being appointed plaintiffs’ sole agent in Birmingham, 
the county of Warwick, and town of Wolverhampton. 
Plaintiffs accepted these terms, but soon after found that 
defendant was continuing to sell the ‘ Royal’ machines, 
and to carry on his business as ‘ Thomas Shakespear & 
Co.,’ though he had no partner. 

“This being so, the plaintiffs put an end to the engage- 
ment with the defendant, and opened a shop on their own 
account in the Exchange Buildings, notifying to the public 
that they had ‘no agency or other place of sale in Bir- 
mingham.’ 

“Notwithstanding this state of things, defendant inserted 
an advertisement in the Birmzngham Daily Post onthe 
6th of January, 1869, stating among other things that 
‘the original Wheeler & Wilson sewing machine depot 
isat T. Shakespear & Co.’s, 32, Union Street, Birming- 
ham,’ The advertisement concluded with : ‘Caution— 
Reduction in Wheeler & Wilson’s machines,’ and saying, 
‘We beg to state that we are agents for W. & W.’s 
machines in just as great a degree as we have been for the 
past eight years, the only difference being that by obtain- 
ing our machines direct we are enabled to offer the 
American-made Wheeler & Wilson machines from this 
date at reduced prices.’ 

“The bill was filed by the plaintiffs to restrain the 
defendant, Thomas Shakespear, of 32, Union Street, 
Birmingham, from advertising his place of business as the 
Wheeler & Wilson Sewing Machine Depot, or as a place 
of business of Wheeler & Wilson, or in any manner 
representing himself as the agent of the plaintiffs, or in 


any manner using the zame of the Wheeler & Wilson 
as descriptive of any sewing machine other than and 
except sewing machines manufactured by the plaintiffs, 
and from permitting the names of Wheeler & Wilson to 
remain over or on any part of his shop, or doing auy act 
whereby the public might be led to believe the defendant 
had any connection in business with the plaintiffs. 

‘““The Vice-Chancellor delivered judgment. He said ; 
‘The plaintiffs could not maintain that part of the 
prayer of the bill which asked that the name ‘‘ Wheeler & 
Wilson Sewing Machine” should be discontinued. That 
Was a name given to the principle or make of that kind 
of machine, and the patent bought by the plaintiffs’ 
company having lapsed, he could not compel the dis- 
continuance of the name by anyone; therefore the 
defendant had a right to use the name Wheeler & 
Wilson Sewing Machine. 

“*But, with regard to the agency advertised by the 
defendant, he considered that a gross fraud upon the 
plaintiffs, whose injury from the unwarrantable use of 
their néme in making perhaps an inferior article could 
not be too much deprecated. The defendant was the 
agent of the Wheeler & Wilson Company, and they 
thought proper to deprive him of that, but he still 
continued to advertise himself as the sole agent and 
give a warranty for the sewing machines sold. He was 
clearly not entitled to do any such thing. The plaintiffs 
had made out a case of fraudulent representation on the 
part of defendant calculated to do the company injury’ ; 
and therefore his Honour proposed to give the following 
injunction in effect :—‘ The defendant must not advertise 
his place of business, 32, Union Street, Birmingham, as 
the original Wheeler & Wilson Sewing Machine Depot, 
or as the Wheeler & Wilson Depot, established 1860, or 
himself or his firm as the agents of the plaintiffs in any 
way. The defendant might, however, continue the name 
of Wheeler & Wilson as applying to that particular kind 
of machine ; defendant to pay all costs of the suit.’ ”’ 

It will be seen that the trial thus recorded involved 
more than the question of a trade name as distinguished 
from a trade mark. It involved the dona-fides of the 
defendant, and these were unquestionably seriously 
challenged, and probably it will be said that he was 
properly mulcted in the entire costs. But the authorita- 
tive judgment of Vice-Chancellor James as to the generic 
application of the name remained. The Wheeler & 
Wilson Company did not challenge it, and from that time 
till now that judgment has been constantly quoted in 
trade mark cases. 

The adverse decision thus pronounced by the Courts 
was fatal to the Wheeler & Wilson Company’s further 
use of their own name exclusively, and the name became 
public property. 

It is to the honour of the distinguished firm whom we 
have just named that they have never descended to any- 
thing unworthy in their efforts to maintain what they 
deemed to be their legitimate rights. Yet even the 
proverbial worm will turn, and the Wheeler & Wilson 
Company were goaded into taking other action a few years 
later. 

It was on this wise :—A certain James Moore Clements 
had a place of business in New Street, Birmingham, but 
a few doors from premises in the same street occupied by 
the Wheeler & Wilson Company. He was importing the 
“Wheeler & Wilson” machine from Germany, and on 
the silver bed-plate of each machine had engraved the 
legend “ Wheeler & Wilson” machine. He had done 
another thing: ne had placed their name without his 
own on the facia above his window. This was more than 
flesh and blood could or ought to bear. He was 
threatened with proceedings, but took no notice. The 
proceedings were commenced, and then Mr. Clements 
applied to me for advice. I may mention that for some 
time before this a suit of a much more important character 
had been pending between the Singer Manufacturing 
Company and myself, a suit in which the use of the name 
Singer was being contested. Mr. Clements, as I have 
said, came to me at the Queen’s Hotel, Birmingham. I 
told him he was wrong, both legally and morally, and 
told him where the proper course lay. ‘‘ Take the name 
off your plates,’’ I said ; ‘take the name down from your 
facia, and when you have done that you can ask the 
consideration of the company in paying the costs incurred 





14 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


May 1, 1894. 


in earn TannnEyETnnEnSnEnnEnnEISEEE EEE 


up to date.” After some argument, he turned to me, 
“Mr. Wilson, you are right ; I will do what you have 
recommended.” 

A fortnight later I was again in Birmingham, and as I 
approached the door I went into the middle of the street 
to see what changes had been made. Nothing had been 
done! He was standing in the shop, and, seeing me, 
came to speak. ‘So you have not removed the sign?” 
I said. ‘No,’’ said he, ‘‘I was advised by friends that it 
would be an act of weakness.” “Very well,” I said, 
“you will find your weakness elsewhere. I have nothing 
more to say to you, good morning.” 

The hearing came on at the Guildhall, before the Lord 
Chief Justice. For the company there appeared Mr. 
Hardinge Giffard (now Lord Halsbury) and Mr. Aston. 
I went out of curiosity, but as I left the Court the first 
day Mr. Clements handed me a subpcena. The trial was 
adjourned from Saturday to Monday, and meantime I had 
to take a hasty journey to Paris. I re-appeared in Court 
on Tuesday morning, but by this time the examination of 
witnesses for the defence had been completed. Had I 
been aday earlier I must have appeared in the witness- 
box, and the severe terms in which the judge characterised 
the conduct of the defendant would have been severer 
still had the Court heard the statement I should have 
made. Verdict for the plaintiffs, damages £200 with 
costs. Not often has a man been less deserving of 


commiseration. 
(To be continued. ) 





THE SEWING MACHINA TRUST, 


Our readers will remember that a year ago the air was 
full of rumours of a gigantic confederation of the American 
sewing machine trade. These rumours have lately been 
revived, but there appears to be no truth in same judging 
from the following note and correspondence which 
appears in the last issue of the Sewzug Machine Times of 
New York :— 

Unauthorised and misleading statements that gained 
currency last summer, when there was a movement to 
consolidate some of the sewing machine companies, led 
many machine dealers and their emp/oyes to expect great 
changes in the conditions of their trade. Theerrors and 
exaggerations in those reports caused much uneasiness, 
and seriously disturbed the course of business before the 
facts became known. 

Rumours are again circulating of some such combina- 
tion. To set the matter at rest, and prevent a repetition 
of the injury that resulted from the first instance, we 
assure the trade that thereis no movement under way, or 
contemplated, that can have any effect on the existing 
relations between the companies and their agents and 
dealers. There is not the least occasion for a cessation 
or change of business movements and efforts. The com- 
panies who havethought proper to express their views 
below produce by far the greater portion of the sewing 
machines of the world, and their plain and emphatic 
statements should set all rumours at rest :— 


The Singer Manufacturing Co., 
General Management, 
149, Broadway, New York, March 28th, 1894. 
The Sewing Machine Times : 

Gentlemen,—We beg to acknowledge the receipt of 
your favour of the 27th inst., contents of which we have 
noted, and in response to same we need only say that we 
do not know of any movement on foot looking to the 
formation of a trust. We certainly have not been 
approached on the subject, and would not for a moment 
entertain any proposition with that end in view. 

Very truly yours, 
THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO., 
F. G. Bourne, President. 





Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Co., 
Sewing Machines and Findings, 
Bridgeport, Conn., March 28th, 1894. 
E. H. Crate, Publisher Sewing Machine Times : 
_ Dear Sir,—In reply to your communication of the 27th 
inst., we have to say we have no information whatever 
touching the rumoured moyement for the formation of 


asewing machinetrust or combination—a scheme toward 
which we have no inclination. 
Yours truly, 
WHEELER & WILSON M’F’G. CO., 
J. Hoipen. 





Office of the New Home Sewing Machine Co., 
Manufactories at Orange, Mass., 
New York, U.S.A., March zoth, 1894. 
E. H. CralcE: 

Dear Sir,— Yours of the 28th inst. received and contents 
noted. You areauthorized to state that we know nothing 
about any sewing machine trust or combine, and intend 
to go it independent and alone. 

Truly yours, 
THE NEW HOME SEWING MACHINE CO., Lr. 





The Williams Manufacturing Co., Limited, 
Manufacturers of Sewing Machines, 
Montreal, March 3oth, 1894. 
Mr. E. H. Craice: 

Dear Sir,—We have to thank you for your esteemed 
favour of the 29th. We have noticed the rumours that 
are being circulated through the daily press regarding 
a combination among the sewing machine manufacturers 
of the United States. For the information of those 
concerned we beg to say most frankly that we have no 
connection whatever with any such combine, nor have we 
any faith in the success of any such scheme. In any 
event, we shall continue to serve the trade in a direct 
manner with our own goods, as we have done for many 
years past, and believe that we shall receive our fair share 
of it. 

Yours truly, 
THE WILLIAMS M’F’G. CO., Ltp., 
C. W. Davis, Managing Director. 





Office of the Standard Sewing Machine Co., 
Cleveland, Ohio, March 30th, 1894. 
Seung Machine Times : 

Gentlemen,—Answering your inquiry, we wish to 
repeat emphatically that there is no foundation whatever 
for connecting our name with any intended trust or 
combination. We have not, during the past year, for 
one moment considered joining such a combination, and 
do not propose to. 

Very truly yours, 
THE STANDARD SEWING MACHINE CO. 





Office of the Domestic Sewing Machine Co., 
Newark, N.J., April 2nd, 1894. 
BE. H. Craice: 

Dear Sir,—Answering your inquiry of the 27th ult. 
as to the position of this company in relation to a 
rumoured trust, I will say I have not been approached 
on the subject of joining such combination, know nothing 
of it, should not countenance it, and, as an officer of the 
Court, would have no authority to consider it. 

ANDREW KIRKPATRICK, Receiver. 








In Bankruptcy. 
re F. H. WILLIAMSON, 


Trading as WittiAmMson & Co., 
Midland Carriage Works, Banbury. 


PERAMBULATOR MANUFACTURER’ STOCK. 





For SALE by TENDER, in One Lot, the whole 
of the STOCK-IN-TRADE of the above Debtor, con- 
sisting principally of Unfinished Goods. The stock is 
in good condition, and comprises about 393 Perambulator 
Bodies, a number of completed Toy Perambulators 
and Mail Carts, and various quantities of Rubber Tyres, 
Wheels, Springs, Hoods, Handles, Wool, Timber, &c. 


An Inventory of the Stock and all particulars may 
be had on application to the Trustee, ARTHUR E. 
PRESTON, Chartered Accountant, 55, Corn Market 
Street, Oxford, 





May 1, 1894. 





THE CHEAP MACHINE QUESTION. 


The legitimate American sewing machine trade, 
equally with ourselves, appear to be much troubled by 
the exploitation of ‘‘cheap machines.” In order to try 
and stop the nuisance, the Chicago Sewing Machine 
Advance has opened its columns to a correspondence, 
which is not without interest to traders on this side. We 
therefore reproduce a few of the letters which have 
already appeared in our valued contemporary :— 


Editor Sewing Machine Advance :— 

Noticing the remarks in the February issue of the Advance concern- 
ing the cheap machine trade, I would like to add a few of my own to 
them. Having been continuously engaged in retailing sewing machines, 
combined with repairing and adjusting, since May, 1870, a period of 
twenty-four years, my experience has long since convinced me that in 
sewing machines, as in anything else, the best is the cheapest, not only 
to buy, but to sell. You may, it is true, pay a big price for a poor 
machine, but you cannot buy a good machine for a small price, and 
no reliable dealer should desire to sell cheap machines to his custo- 
mers, even though his percentage of profit may happen to be larger 
than on good machines. 

One of my experiences in selling cheap machines—which, how- 
ever, I have always furnished to my customers under protest—is that the 
purchasers, without exception, become dissatisfied with their machines, 
and expect me to make them work as nicely and satisfactorily as first- 
class machines. Another experience is that, asa rule, such customers 
will inform their acquaintances that they bought a machine of so-and- 
so, and it is no good, not giving any explanation as to how they came 
to buy such a machine, but leaving the impression that the dealer 
recommended it tothem. I have found that such things materially 
hurt one’s trade in good machines, and, considering the bother one has 
in looking after inferior machines when sold, and the bad effects such 
sales have upon one’s trade, I have become convinced that it pays 
neither the seller nor the purchaser to have anything to do with the 
so-called cheap sewing machines. 


Clinton, Ill. W. B. BARNETT. 





Editor Sening Machine Advance :— 

Charles Henry’s article in your last number about cheap machines is 
good, but what can you doaboutit? That’s what I want to know. 
You cannot hinder people from making cheap machines, neither can 
you hinder other people from buying them. There has always been, 
and there always will be a cheap class of people that want and will have 
acheap class of goods, and would not be satisfied with any other, and 1 
want them to have them. 

I have had this cheap machine business to contend with from a 
time so long ago I can scarce remember in looking back, and I cannot 
see where they have hurt me so very bad. I have repaired more or 
less of them, and have traded for some, and I think I have done about 
as well, or better, than if I had been selling them. 

I have always handled a first-class machine, and, as arule, have 
succeeded in getting a fair price for it, andifI can get protection for 
the machine I handle ina given territory, 1 am ready to say darn the 
cheap machines. They don’t trouble me to amount to anything, and 
I never lose any sleep thinking about them, but when I take a first- 
class machine—say style five drawers, new and in first-class order, and 
offer it at 40 dols. on monthly payments, and then have a competitor 
set one just like it alongside, made by the same company, and offer to 
sell it at 25 dols. in order to beat me—I don’t feel like saying simply 
darn it--that is not strong enough, and if I was not possessed of a 
fair share of religious feeling, or something better, I fear that I 
would let off something terrible. 

The way it looks to me some of the companies themselves have been 
helping these cheap machine dealers right along. They have done it 
in this way: They have beenso anxious for trade that they would sell 
to a regular dealer and then go four or five miles from him and 
sell three or four merchants four or five machines which the company 
well knew the merchants would sell at any price almost to get rid of 
them. Now, what I want to know, is how a man who is devoting all 
his time to the business, and dealing on the square, is going to com- 
pete with this sort of thing? The first thing anybody knows he will 
be running a cheap machine office with a first-class machine. He won’t 
make much money, but he will bang away hoping for a change. 

The thing can be arranged, and I think I could draw a contract 
that would not only hold water but would hold some of these scala- 
wags that know just as much about square dealing as a hog knows 
about Latin, and it would read something like this:—‘‘We give you 
territory bounded so and so, and if, under any circumstances, you sell 
to any person outside of that territory where we have any agent, we 
shall require you to pay to him the profit realised on the machine so 
sold, and to make this agreement of force and effect we shall require a 
bond from you to make it hold. You can, in your own territory, 
make your own prices, and no one shall interfere with you, but outside 
of that we simply say ‘ hands off,’ and if you see proper to break over 
you must take the consequences.” 

An agreement something like the foregoing would, I think, do more 
than anything else to lay out the cheap machines. With regard to the 
companies furnishing their dealers with cheap machines, it looks to me 
as though it won’t be long until the whole contraption will be run 
upon the cheap machine basis. Perhaps Iam in error, and if so, maybe 
some friends will set me right. 

Jay Hatt. 

[With regard to an agreement such as our correspondent suggests, 
it is not policy tomake or attempt to carry out such agreements in 
those States that have passed so-called ‘‘ Trust Laws,” and, we 
believe, most of the States in the Union have done so. Such agree- 

ments between sewing-machine companies and dealers were formerly 
common, but after the Trust Laws were passed in several States 
the companies began to meet with troukle in connection with them, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. ts 





and they not only discontinued making any new agreements, but in 
many, if not all cases, cancelled those that were in effect. Unworthy 
customers, when pressed for settlements, would fall back upon the 
provisions of the Trust Laws, and threaten not only a wiping-out of 
the indebtedness itself, but penalties into the bargain. The opinions 
of leading attorneys were that the Trust Laws of the several States did 
not contemplate such agreements as were in vogue between sewing- 
machine companies and their dealers for the protection of specified 
territory (there being no such thing asa sewing-machine trust), but 
when customers began to threaten to resort to these laws; the com- 
panies could not afford to take their chances with juries through the 
ay on them, and concluded to drop the agreements altogether. 
—ED. 





Editor Sewing Machine Advance :— 

After reading the article by Charles Henry in your February num- 
ber, I feel as if 1 must write you, giving my views as best I can. 

Howe, Singer, Wilson, Clark, McKenzie, Potter, and others, who 
occupied prominent positions in the sewing-machine world, either as 
inventors or directors of the business in various companies, have 
passed away, and we trust are enjoying a well-earned repose in the 
great haven of eternal rest, access to which should certainly not be 
denied by Saint Peter to all good sewing-machine men. If, however, 
the spirits of any of the illustrious departed are hovering around us 
at the present time, the question is: How do they look upon the 
present demoralised condition of the sewing-machine business? It is 
well for their peace of mind that they died before such startling 
methods for selling sewing macnines had been evolved as are 
empioyed by various parties, popularly called “scalpers,” at the 
present time. 

Formerly the sewing-machine business was looked upon as an 
honourable business, but when we see advertised that 60 dol. sewing 
machines can be had for the trifling sum of anywhere from 10 dols. to 
19°50 dols., it would seem there must be falsification somewhere, or 
that a great wrong is being perpetrated on a confiding people by the 
leading sewing machine companies, 

Scalpers, department stores, and companies claiming to manufac- 
ture sewing machines, while at the same time they never owned even a 
brick in a factory, are doing all they can to disseminate circulars tend- 
ing to demoralise the sewing-machine business, and bring it into dis- 
repute. 

In the main, the plan suggested by Charlesis correct, and it certainly 
will be for the advantage of the public to buy sewing machines from 
an established agent, who will be ready at all times to give instructions, 
and to render any aid, if perchance the machine should get slightly out 
of order. Where the machines are sold by so-called manufacturers, 
but not having any interest ina factory, purchasers will be under the 
necessity of getting repairs, needles, extra parts, etc., as best they can. 
These machines are sold with a ten years’ warranty, but the question 
is, whois behind the warranty, and how long will such machines be in 
the market ? It is precisely the same with sewing machines as it is 
with pianos, watches, and various other articles of merchandise. You 
cannot buy a Steinway piano for 125 dols., neither can you buy a 
Waltham watch for 1 dol. 50 cents. If a party wishes to purchase a 
sewing machine, a good one should be selected, one made _ by a repu- 
table and responsible manufacturer, anda fair price paid for it. 

When the public fully understands the situation regarding the cheap 
cast-iron machines advertised by scalpers, they will be very slow to 
purchase such machines, and agents who are on the ground can 
always tell the facts and put the public on the right track. 

It is very generally believed that alla person has to do to insure 
great wealth in the near future is to engage in the manufacture and 
sale of sewing machines. The factsare that failures take place just as 
often among sewing-machine manufacturers as in any other line of 
business. The successes are few and the failures many. 

Parties purchasing sewing machines should always make it a point 
to buy a machine manufactured by a reputable sewing-machine com- 
pany. Furthermore, agents and dealers should make it a special 
point not to buy and sell any sewing machines dealt in by scalpers. 

If the reputable sewing-machine companies and dealers of esta- 
blished reputation will all pull together and act for the general welfare, 
not many months will elapse before the business of the scalpers will 
be a thing of thepast. I predict that the sewing-machine business of 
the future will be conducted ona legitimate basis, and with more satis- 
factory results than it is at the present time. 

If the sewing machine business is to be given over wholly to a lot 
of irresponsible scalpers, whose chief object and aim in life is to cut 
prices, and ascertain at how low prices they can sell machines without 
coming to grief, allright ; let it go at that, and let the scalpers run the 
entire business. But, in my opinion, there are enough reputable 
manufacturers of sewing machines of known standing, responsibility, 
and prestige, who are abundantly able to supply the market with first- 
class machines, and insure a full supply of parts, needles, etc., in the 
future, when they are required. These manufacturers can certainly 
make and supply sewing machines on as advantageous terms as a lot of 
unknown parties who are trying to make the public believe they are 
the only ones who can furnish machines at bottom prices, and that 
parties buying of them will save the extortionate charges (so-termed) 
of regularly authorised agents of reputable sewing-machine com- 

anies. : 
5 I believeithat all first-class manufacturers of machines should be 
prepared to furnish not only high grade machines, but machines of 
cheaper grades, so as to be in readiness to supply their customers, not 
only with first-class machines, but with low-priced ones, thereby 
making it unnecessary for dealers in sewing machines to patronise the 
scalpers. 

The existing clouds under which the sewing-machine business is 
conducted at the present time will no doubt pass away, and the 
sewing-machine business will then be placed upona more permanent 
and enduring basis than it has been in the past. 

Now that Charles Henry has opened up this subject, I sincerely hope 
that many others will make it a point to haye their say and give their 





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i 








16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


May 1, 1894. 





There is nothing like a full, free,and frank discussion of any 
A DEALER. 


views. 
matter to insure a fina] and satisfactory solution. 





Mr. W. H. Meyer, the veteran sewing-machine dealer, of Gutten- 
berg, Iowa, sends us the following circular letter showing how he 
meets the offers of the advertising scalpers :— 

To Intending Purchasers of Sening Machines :— 

Certain firms are sending out circulars offering to sell a 65 dol. 
sewing machine for 19 dols. and 20 dols., and representing agents as 
robbers. Their circulars read very smoothly, but it does not do the 
scalpers any good, as I have better goods to show at lower prices than 
they offer. The goods I handle are manufactured by an old and reli- 
able company, and are warranted for five years by the manufacturers. 
This warrant has value, and you are sure that you can always get 
repairs, needles, etc. Many of the scalpers buy job lots of sewing 
machines from unknown manufacturers, who dare not put their names 
or addresses on the machines, and it would be difficult, if not impos- 
sible, to get repairs, or even needles, saying nothing about instruction 
or the doubtful value of their warrantee. 

When those who advertise a 65 dol. machine for 20 dols. offer to send 
you one on trial, provided you will send them the price in advance, or 

make a deposit to that amount in a bank or express office, before you 
buy call on or write to me,and I will sell you one for 19 dols. or 20 dols., 
and save you freight and express charges, and teach you how to use it, 
and stand ready at any time to see that it gives you entire satisfaction. 
Yours truly, 


Guttenberg, Iowa. W. H. MEYER. 








THE WHEELER AND WILSON, No. 9. 


A circular-letter has been issued from the Chicago 
office of the Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Com- 
pany, dealing with certain underhand proceedings which 
are being resorted to in connection with their No. 9. 
Although nothing of the kind has yet been done in this 
country there is nothing to prevent its importation, and 
we therefore think it well to let our readers have a copy 
of this circular-letter, which reads as follows :— 


To owr Dealers :-— 

It came to our knowledge recently, through a communication from 
one of our Iowa dealers, that a concern in this city styled ‘‘ The 
Cash Buyers’ Union’”’ was sending out circulars in which were listed 
No. 9 Wheeler & Wilson machines at very low prices. A copy of 
the circular in question accompanied the letter of our dealer, who 
desired to be informed why we were supplying our machines to a con- 
cern that would undersell our dealers everywhere through the 
country. 

As we had never supplied any machines to this or anyZother like 
concern, we at once sent a representative to the office of the so-called 
Cash Buyers’ Union to investigate the matter. Upon arriving at the 
office and making inquiry fora No. 9 machine, our representative was 
at once turned over to a clerk, who led the way to a loft in an adjoin- 
ing building, where were collected samples of the various kinds of 
merchandise catalogued by the concern, among which was found a 
collection of sewing machines embracing several different makes. 
The clerk removed the cover from a ‘‘ Kenwood ” machine, one of the 
special (stencil) machines adopted by the concern, and proceeded to 
enlarge upon its advantages and superior merits, not the least of 
which was the low price at which it could be sold. : 

“But I was sent toexamine only your No. 9 Wheeler & Wilson 
machines, and I have no authorityto change the order, Will you 
please show me your No. 9's ?” said our representative. 

‘€Oh, you don’t want a No.g machine,” urged the clerk. ‘The 
Wheeler & Wilson Company is on the point of bankruptcy, and will 
go under before long, and then you wouldn’t be able to get any parts 
for their machine when it got out of repair, and it would be a dead 
loss to you. The high-priced companies can’t live much longer. The 
Domestic Company has already gone, and the others will soon 
follow. Only the cheap machines can stand the pressure of these hard 
times, and what you really want is one of our ‘ Kenwood’ or ‘ Arling- 
ton’ machines, the ‘ Kenwood’ being preferable. Now, let me show it 
to you, and you can’t help being pleased with it.” And the young 
man again took up the praise of the ‘‘ Kenwood,” and urged its pur- 
chase with all the eloquence at his command. Our representative 
presently found an opportunity to insist that the No.9 was the only 
object of the present visit, and the young man gave way with the 
remark : 

“ Oh, well, ifthat’s the case, over here isa No. 9 that we can sell 
you for much less money than the company will charge you, though 
not so Jow as we can sell you our own machines.” He then led the 
way along the line of machines and stopped at a No. 9, which, how 
ever, he did not display any desire to dispose of. 

Our representative beheld a No. 9, the plate number of which was 
found, upon examination, to have been erased, and the woodwork of 
which was dingy, and ofa style that the company has not used for 
some three years past. After examining it for a few minutes, our repre- 
sentative said, ‘I don't like the colour of this woodwork, and I’d like 
to look at your other styles, please.” 

“We have but one other No. 9 in stock, and that is a secondhand 
one,” said the young man, andhe led the way to where it stood, over 
in a corner. 

It was secondhand, sure enough, being one of the very first No. 9’s 
built several years ago, and its woodwork was entirely out. of date. 

“We don’t keep outside machines in stock,” said the young man, 
“but only samples, and when orders come in we procure new machines 
and ship them.” 

He made no effort whatever to sell the No. 9 in this instance, but 
gave all his energies to the endeavour to persuade our representative 
to take one of his own machines, 

The result of our investigation shows us that the No. 9 machine, as 


well as the New Home, Standard, Davis,and Domestic machines are 
listed by this concern simply and only for stool-pigeon purposes--to 
attract the attention of people, to whom they then endeavour to sell 
their own machines, not caring to sel), nor ever selling, any other than 
their own. That is all there is to their scheme cf listing other machines. 
They keep a sample of each “‘agency ” machine, as they call them, the 
plate numbers of these samples being filed or chiselled out, which fact 
shows at once thestatus of the machines and gives the lie to their 
statement (by inference) that they are regularly authorised agents for 
theirsale. They do not, in fact cannot, buy machines from our com- 
pany, nor, doubtless, from any of the other companies whose machines 
they list. They do not sell any ‘‘agency’’ machines, and have no 
occasion, therefore, to buy them. 

If, perchance, they should be compelled to sell one to a person to 
whom they have made prices,they would not go to the company for it, 
for they well know that they could not get it, except at the regular 
retail price ; but they would manage to get hold of a defaced or 
secondhand machine somewhere to fill the order. It is hardly pro- 
bable, however, that they have ever filled an order for an ‘‘ agency ” 
machine. Ii they cannot induce a customer to take one of their own 
machines, they simply make some excuse and drop the matter. 

If they were honest in offering the ‘‘agency ’’ machines at the prices 
they make on them, and actually desired to sell them at such prices, 
and could obtain them to sell, they would have to keep on hand a ware- 
house full of stock to fill the orders they would receive, and they could 
then show a goodly array of new samples instead of the scaly lot of a 
few defaced and dingy objects that they now show. , 

The circular sent out by the concern contains cuts of two “ agency ” 
machines, duplicates of the companies’ cuts, which are inserted to give 
an air ofgenuineness to their claim (by inference) that they are authorised 
agents for the machines they list. These culs were either stolen or 
were made by simply photographing from genuine cuts in the com- 
panies’ circulars, either of which acts is in line with their practice of 
stealing the reputation of good machines to attract attention to their 
cheaply gotten-up and spurious machines, andit is likewise very much 
in line with their practice ofslanderously assailing the standing of the 
manufacturers of the machines they list, but do not wish to sell. 

We do not know whether other like concerns are listing our machines 
in this manner, but whether they do or donot, our dealers may rest 
assured that we do not furnish our machines to any such concerns, and 
that we will protect our dealers at all times to the extent of or ability. 


WHEELER & WILSON M’P’G. Co. 








MARKS OF ORIGIN ON FOREIGN GOODS. 


A Bill has been introduced into the House of Commons 
for ‘the placing of a Mark of Origin on Foreign Goods,” 
which reads as follows :— 

Whereas it is essential to make further provision for 
the prevention of fraud by false marking : 

Be it therefore enacted by the Queen’s most Excellent 
Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords 
Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present 
Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, 
as follows : 

1. This Act may be cited as the Merchandise Marks 
Amendment Act, 1894, and shall be read and construed 
with the Merchandise Marks Act, 1887, as one Act. 

2. All imported goods, except such goods as may be 
specially exempted from time to time from the provisions 
of this Act by the published regulations of the Commis- 
sioners of Customs, on the ground that they are incapable 
of being marked as in this Act provided, which do not 
bear in a legible and conspicuous form a definite indica- 
tion of the country in which such goods were made or 
produced, are hereby prohibited to be imported into the 
United Kingdom, as if they were specified in section 
forty-two of the Customs Consolidation Act, 1876. 

3. From and after the passing of this Act no goods 
imported into the United Kingdom which do not bear a 
definite indication of the country in which such goods 
were made or produced, or from which they were so 
imported, shall be exposed or offered for sale in any part 
of the United Kingdom unless by means either of express 
notice, or by a board, card, label, ticket, invoice, or other 
document, the purchaser be made aware that such goods 
have been imported, and are not of home production. 

4. This Act shall come into force on the first day of 
January one thousand eight hundred and ninety-five. 








WANTS ADVERTISEMENTS ! 


Ske Pack 26 FoR SEVERAL IMPORTANT 


ADVERTISEMENTS, 





May 1, 1894. 





S. & MS TRADE IN 1893. 


Messrs. Seidel & Naumann, of Dresden, have nothing 
to complain of as to their last year’s trade. Their turn- 
over shows an increase for 1893 of £20,798, the figures 
being £236,250 as against £ 215,452 for the corresponding 
period of 1892. They manufactured nearly 80,000 sewing 
machines and about 10,000 cycles last year. We under- 
stand that the factory is so overcharged with orders at 
the present time that it is working much over the usual 
hours. ; 





PROPER INSTRUCTION. 


We have said, in recent numbers, that the instructions 
that are being given are too costly and yet not most 
advantageous. We have said that the teachers are 
behind the times; that the customs of the trade have 
caused them to be so ; that customers claim unnecessary 
attention under the plea of instruction; and that the 
manager who, through fear of hurting his trade, continues 
to yield them, is also behind the times. 

Now, we want to add that this manager is so by his 
own fault. If he will open his eyes and look around he 
cannot help seeing his error. The woman who cannot 
call onan agent to set her needle or stitch or tension 
does it herself. And this woman is not an unknown 
quantity nowadays. ‘There is plenty of her. Will the 
plodding, grumbling agent learn from her? The old 
agents are afraid to institute a reform. They say people 
expect acertain amount of attention. It is true that people 
expect what they think they are entitled to ; but what of 
the business ability that cannot let purchasers know what 
they are entitled to ? 

Teaching is an art. There are no more natural-born 
teachers than there are ready-made managers. It is not 
every one who teaches that can read a customer’s dis- 
position and discern her needs. The ore who can findsa 
willing and ready learner, and imparts the particular 
information that is needed. 

Speaking of the conventional habits into which the 
teacher falls after a long service with trial customers, one 
said recently: ‘I had got along through a ‘lesson’ till I 
got to the tension. I noticed that the scholar was rather 
indifferent to much that I had been saying, but I did not 
take the hint. ‘Turn the screw this way to tighten and 
the other way to loosen,’ said I, ‘but don’t Neves 

- mind the dont’s,’ exclaimed she ; ‘tell me the rest of the 
do’s!’ And I stuck to the do’s and made a short 
lesson.” — Sewing Machine Times. 








HOW THE GERMANS GET TRADE. 


The United States Consul at Chemnitz recently sent 
to his Government the-following instructive report :— 

“The first factor in helping to secure foreign markets 
for German manufactures, apart from the almost absolute 
necessity of having such markets, is the great interest 
taken, even by inland cities, to secure foreign trade. 

All over the Empire are societies organised to 
encourage colonisation and export trade. These unions 
are active agents in helping to extend foreign markets. 
Their methods are simple, and thus far have been very 
successful. They are endorsed by the press, authorities, 
and people. 

They project all kinds of schemes for bringing German 
wares to the notice of foreigners. Emigrants and Ger- 
mans resident in foreign countries are enlisted in favour 
of German products. The Saxon Export Union has 
opened a permanent sample exhibit of German wares in 
Bulgaria. The almanacks published and circulated con- 
tain hundreds of names of German firms, with illustra- 
tions of their products. The purpose is to keep the Bul- 
garians posted as to Germany’s ability to supply every 
possible need in the way of manufactures. Since its 
organisation, in 1887, the union has spent 23,800 dols. 
for travelling agents, &c. It has sent out 135,000 printed 
circulars and 94,00 letters of correspondence. In return 
it has received 7,000 sample orders, amounting to 

1,071,000 dols. : j 

To illustrate German energy in seeking foreign trade, 
we have only to take Russia during the strained rela- 
tions of the last nine months. In drugs, iron, machinery, 
leather, silk, and woollen goods, Germany has beaten her 





and Sewing Machine Gazette, W7, 
a 


last year’s record by 11,424,000 dols. This has been done 
during a time of business depression, when the press was 
pouring out complaints about the backwardness of busi- 
ness, the stopping of factories, &c. ; at a time, too, when 
a tariff war was being waged between the two Empires. 
Especially worthy of note is the fact that Russia took 
from Germany during the first nine months of 
1892, in machinery alone, 21,919, 800 dols. worth, against 
20,801,200 dols. during the same periodin 1891. This in 
face of the fact that Russia’s import duties on German 
goods have gone up 50 per cent., giving England, the 
United States, and Austria a tremendous advantage. 

A German correspondent in St. Petersburg writes his 
paper in Chemnitz to tell his people how the thing has 
been done: 


In spite of differential duties, in spite of the activity of our rivals and 
competitors, Germany has sold her machinery because (1) of her 
credit system and (2) because her agents and exhibitors beat those of 
all other nations. 

We are the only people that seem never to tire of giving the Russians 
credit. In a country poor in capital, but vastin undeveloped resources, 
this fact settles it. It is the weak and at the sime time the strong side 
of our export or foreign trade. Against the millions made are millions 
lost. The conservative German, alongside of the cautious Frenchman 
ana often as cautious Englishman, risks, wins, and remains in markets 
where his rivals offer for cash much cheaper than he can oncredit. In 
countries like Russia, credit plays as important a part as, if not a more 
important part than, price. Here, as elsewhere, only the rich can buy 
cheap. 

The German possesses the faculty and power to put himself in the 
other man’s place ; to understand his conditions and circumstances ; 
to find out, if not feel, hisneeds. So great is his power in this respect 
that he has absolutely no rival or competitor worth considering. Not 
only does he study the language of the people among whom he is to 
work, but he makes a specialty of it, and of their agricultural and 
industrial needs. When selling needles and pins, he may be watching 
to see where to sell a knitting machine or a plough. Not only this, but 
his education fits him to tell the buyer what is best suited to certain 
kinds of work, especially where it is a question of introducing anything 
new. It is a notorious fact that the Russian farmer buys from a 
German in preference to an Englishman, an American, or even a 
Russian manufacturer. The German language, after Russian, is the 
most used in business circles, partly because there are so many 
Germans settled in Russia, and partly because of proximity. Again, 
the German not only seeks to find out what the people want, but he 
sells machines and parts of machines, so that when injured or broken 
they may be easily and at once repaired—a very great consideration. 

German agents and travelling salesmen are willing to work hard to 
sell small quantities. This makes them popular among the people to 
whom they are sent and satisfactory to their employers. 


for so old a country, the progress of the last twenty 
years seems incredible, The impulses of her unions, the 
energy of her agents, the patriotism of her people, the 
co-operation of her governments, the education fur- 
nished by her schools, the excellence of her products, the 
faithfulness with which orders are filled, and the wisdom 
with which each people’s wishes are met are only a few 
of the many factors that make the Empire rich, pros- 
perous, and progressive. 

The nation’s interest in foreign trade is intense. The 
newspapers teem with all kinds of information regarding 
it. Not a day passes that a consul could not find infor- 
mation valuable to our merchants and manufacturers. 
On my table at this moment are editorials out of the 
local papers covering the Empire’s commerce with many 
foreign countries. I pick up one at random—Puerto 
Rico. 

Puerto Rico bought last year 157 tons of linen and 
cotton goods, worth 38,343°35 dols. Of this quantity 
England sent 64, the United States 47, Spain 24, and 
Germany, France, and Italy together 19 tons. Of 
chemicals, a very costly commodity, Germany sent 10, 
France 29, Spain 14, the United States 14, England 7, 
and Belgian 3 tons. Of paraffin and stearine, Germany 
sent 43, Spain £35, and England rotons. Of writing and 
printing paper, Spain sent 107, England 23, the United 
States 21, Germany 18, and France 12 tons. Of straw and 
packing paper, the United States sent 476, Spain 178, 
Germany 18, and England and France together 7 tons. 
Germany sent 100,000 cubic feet of building lumber. 
Spain sent almost all the shoes used—z2rz tons (Germany 
sent 10 tons). Railroad materials were taken mostly from 
Belgium—2z,187 tons (Germany supplied only 120 and 
England 5 tons). 

These figures, however, do not tell the whole story, 
for many of the articles sold under the English flag 
have their origin right here in Chemnitz. Everywhere, 
even in England, “Made in Germany” is found on 
crockery, hats, hardware, and a hundred articles offered 
for sale, 
































18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 














HINTS ON REPAIRING AND ADFUSTING 
SHWING MACHINES. 


[ COPYRIGHTED. | 





More Axsout Norsy MACHINES. 


BY R. E. PARER IN THE Sewing Machine News. 


Aside from the noise generated in the head of a family 
machine, there is plenty more of the same disturbing 
element in the stand. The fact that this part of the 
machine is seldom brought to the repair shop is answer- 
able for the neglect to which this noise-producer is 
subjected. If, then, a machine, from the head cf which 
all the noise has been carefully eliminated, still persists in 
disturbing the peace and quiet of the neighbourhood 
where it is used, it is not the repairer’s fault. He did not 
have the stand to work on, consequently could not take 
out the noise. 

I will speak of several causes for noise in the stand, 
and when it will pay you todo so, or where the customer 
is willing to pay for it, you can stop a good share of it. 
When fitting up a second-hand machine for sale, it is 
always well to put the stand in good order as well as the 
head. To do this it should be made as noiseless” as 
possible. 

When the noise comes from the wheel itself, and it is 
generally helped along by all the various parts, it is apt 
to be caused by wear in the bearings, when it, the wheel, 
revolves on a stud, or from end-play caused by the 
centre-screws being withdrawn, when that method of 
hanging is employed. In the latter case the remedy is 
very simple. Nothing remains to be done but tighten 
the centre-screws so that the wheel will turn freely but 
without noise, and then tighten the jam-nuts also, The 
other kinds need more attention. If the stud is worn, 
it will sometimes have to be replaced by anew one, and 
if the bearing or hole is the part affected it may have to 
be bushed. Should che face of the hub be worn unevenly 
it is best to mill the same true again, supplying a washer 
of suitable thickness to procure a good fit. This alone 
will sometimes have the effect of reducing the noise. 
Bushing can be effected after the plans laid down in last 
month’s article. 

Next in line comes the pitman, generally made of 
wood, which transmits the motion from the treadle to 
the wheel by means of a stud on the wheel itself, or by 
a crank attached to the wheel-stud, in which case the 
wheel turns withitsaxis. Naturally this wooden pitman 
wears in the hole, which causes a thumping noise at every 
rise and fall of the treadle. To get out this noise is our 
next task. Several ways are open to us, any of which, if 
based on mechanical principles, will answer. But 
sticking in bits of tin, leather, or wood, or wrapping the 
stud or wristpin with thread, cord, or wire, are methods 
practiced only by the botch. 

In the book of hints that was published some years ago, 
William Funk gave several good ways of reducing the 
noise in this part of the stand’s mechanism, and as the 
same hold just as good to-day with machines that have 
no provision for taking up the wear in the pitman, I will 
repeat them here. They will certainly suggest much to 
the new man in repairing. All are simple yet practical 
and effec ual. 

The first is todrilla hole through the pitman, at right 
angles with the wrist or crankpin, so that it will encroach 
a iittle on the hole in the pitman, and then drive a wooden 
pin into the holethus made. This of course will reduce 
the size of the hole, and if made too small by the insertion 
of the pin, it can be made to fit by filing away:enough to 
make a proper seat for the wristpin, using a half-round 
file for the purpose. Both ends of the pitman may have 
to receive the same treatment. 

Before I forget it, I want to caution all, in drilling or 
boring this or any other hole, to guard against splitting 
the wood. This is best done by holding the same ina 
yice while piercing it, fastening it dowr Jow so that the 





















May 1, 1894. 


| place where the hole is to be will be well protected by the 
jaws of the vice. This will prevent all trouble in that 
direction. Should you drill the hole by means of a 
lathe, it will be just as well to protect the pitman by 
holding it in a hand-vice or clamp. An ounce of preven- 
tion is better than a pound or more of cure. 

Another way, and one often employed, is to saw a slit 
inthe pitman, from the end to the hole and intoit. A 
screw is then inserted, at right angles to the wristpin, 
the same as the pin, except that it does not touch the 
former. Turning this screw in wil! pinch the two forks 
of the pitman together, and thus reduce the hole. It can 
be adjusted by tightening or loosening the screw, and 
makes the bearing quite adjustable without taking the 
thing apart. The screw need not be very thick, and I 
think the kind with a flat shoulder and round head pre- 
ferable to those with heads that require countersinking. 
Make the hole for the shank of the screw just large enough 
so that the screw will not bind in it, and all the pressure 
will be from the head. This will permit of easy adjust- 
ment. Thehole in the other side where the point cf the 
screw enters and holds should be a snug fit. 

An old rod may be made tight by turning in a screw 
from the end, so that it will touch the wristpin. Use a 
common screw, slim enough not to split the wood, and 
long enough, after the point is filed off, to reach the wrist 
pin. This also affords some adjustment, but is not, in 
my opinion, as good as any method by which the surface 
in contact remains the same as regards material. Theend 
of the screw is apt to wear into the wristpin, will 
require more oiling and more frequent attention to keep 
it tight. 

What I consider is the very best plan, though it does 
take a little more time, is the following: With avery 
thin saw cut out a piece from the end of the pitman clear 
down to the hole. It can be the whole size of the wrist- 
pin hole or less, but [think it best to have it large. Press 
this down on to the wristpin, and then drill a hole clear 
through as described in the first plan. That’s the quickest 
way, but it admits of no adjustment. It simply makes a 
new, snug fit, the same as when the machine was new. I 
forgot to say that the pin driven through does not touch 
the wristpin as in the first instance. 

My way of doing thejob is this. First I bore the hole 
for the screws, almost through the wood. Then I saw 
out the piece, which will have a hole init also. This hole 
I elongate with a round file so as to give me a chance to 
press it down on to the wristpin as much or as little as 1 
may see fit. Iusethe same kind of a screw as mentioned 
in the second plan, taking the same precaution to have 
the screw easy in the shank part and snug in the point. 
This gives a perfect adjustment, and does not pinch 
the hole out of shape, the bearing always retaining the 
curve. 

To stop the noise in the treadle one must be governed 
by existing conditions. Ifthe treadle is hung on cones 
that can be moved on the rod, it is an easy matter, and 
if the cones are turned over so that different surfaces 
come in contact, the job will be quite complete. If the 
treadle forms part of the rod—or is of a piece with it— 
aud extends clear across from leg to leg, there hung in 
centres, the adjustment suggests itself, the same as with 
the wheel. But, if neither of these is the case, and the rod 
simply passes through holes in the treadle, with pins on 
the sides to keep it in place, bushing is the general resort. 
This is effective, but takes time and labour. 

On jobs where it will pay to doso, it is a quick method 
to supply cones, countersink the holes in the treadle, and 
hang it on the cones. These cones can be procured of 
supply dealers, all ready to apply, having set screws in them, 
or you can make them of pieces of gas-pipe, provided you 
have a lathe in which to turn down the ends for the 
bearings. Still it is cheaper to buy them ready made, 
unless you are too far away from a supply house and 
cannot wait to have them sent. 

After all these points about the parts of the stand have 
been attended to, it is wellto goall over the balance, 
see that screws and bolts that holds legs and braces 
together are rigid, and that the table is fastened on 
securely and evenly. Be sure the stand does not twist, 
causing it to rest only on three legs, for that is most 


unpleasant and on a bare floor causes a thumping 
noise. 


May 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 


GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 




























THE 


American Weinger U0. 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 





SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with specia 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





NEW HARRISON SWIFT GOLD MEDAL 


TER 


KN ITS Stockings ribbed or plain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING in 
WOOL, SILK, or COTTON, INSTRUG 

TIONS FREE. Lists 2d. per post. 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The onlp 
*  “ WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and % other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CO, 

Works: 48, Up er Brook St,. Manchester. 









The New 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


J is the only machine in the world 
which can knit every garment 
Ss that can be done by hand. 
It wouli take three days by hand what could be doae on the 
“New Kothwell Knitter” in an hour, and thousands of !adies 
who have entirely abolished hand knitting are now earning go-d 
‘comes a; their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything, in either silk, wool, or cotton. 


Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 














i 
HA 
it 











The “‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER is manufactureé exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hice-Purchase Dealers. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘HOUSEHOLD’? WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Consider'ng the quality of the materials used, the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 




















The Mona Cycle Company have removed to larger premises a 
Watson Street, Stoke Newington, N., in order to neeee pace with 
orders. 

bd 

A novel means of advertising has been adopted by the North British 
Rubber Company, who have brought out sets of playing cards, one 
side of which illustrates the “ Clincher ” tyres, 

= * 


©OOOOOO0 000090000 050000 00069060 000000 


WHAT IS THIS? eee 





* 

Mr. Davies, of Preston, has patented a new detachable pneumatic 
tyre, fer which, being perfectly round, a maximum of speed and resi- 
liency is claimed. 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
We _ guarantee all 


oe 


* 
_ The Preston-Davies Tyre Company are about opening new premises 
in Gray’s Inn Road, E.C., in which will be comprised offices, show- 
rooms, and extensive warehousing space. : 
- * 


* 
A patent has recently been taken out for a pneumatic spri 
by Mr. Harrington, of Wolverhampton. The saddle is De eae 
either end by piston rods, which depress into cylinders, the latter con- 
taining compressed air. Thus an unusual ease and comfort in riding 
is attained. 


rollers in our ma- 
ee 
chines to have an 
ee eS 
equal thickness of 
s * 


rubber to that shown 
n the sketch. 





* 

We are glad to see that the export returns of cycles, and cycle parts 
for the early months of 1894 evince a substantial advance on the totals 
for the same periods of 1893, 7.e., for March, 1894, £142,184 ; 
1893, £127,244 ; whilst March, 1892, was but £94,810. a 

ss 





LLLLDIPIDIPD DLL DIDI IDI I OI I I 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 


The following cycle dealers have “closed their premises :—Gallagher 
Bros., Belfast ; Energetic Co., Dublin ; A. Muir, and the Cattkin Cycle 
Co., Glasgow. 

> * 

Mr. Lewis Nicol, late dealer in cycles and domestic machinery, 1 

Maule Street, Arbroath, has closed his premises and gone away. sls 











Onr new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER CO., 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 


Mr. R. W. Cornish, late manager for Bradbury & Co., Limi 
Camden Town, N.W., is now in charge of his company’s aoe al 


depot. Pag) 


Dealers on the look-out for saleable novelties should i i F 
merits of Priestley’s self-heating charcoal laundry irons, aeupemiins 
coal economisers. Both these inventions are at once useful and tee 
pensive, and are having a large sale. Full particulars can be obtain : 
of Priestley & Co., Gibbett Street, Halifax, Se 





22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances. 


May 1, 1894. 





A SHEASONABLE INVENTION. 


Perambulator dealers will soon be replenishing their 
stock of canopies for the coming season, and it may, 
therefore, be useful for us to call their attention to the 
Simmons Patent Hood. 

As will be seen from our illustration this hood has a 
smooth round top which has the appearance of being 
solid, but which folds back half-way or altogether. The 
supporting joints are so arranged that the sides can be 


Aan TU 
AISA afl i uy I i mu 




















VA TTA 


LN pe NOUN LUT 


























detached or rolled up as preferred, thereby giving in- 
creased ventilation, and allowing the occupant to look out 
on either side. 

Thus this hood, patented and manufactured by Sim- 
mons & Co., of Tanner Street, S.E., can be used as a pro- 
tection either from rain or sunshine. If desired some 
very pretty curtains can be applied to the front, hang- 
ing from a pole and rings, similar to window curtains. 
Messrs. Simmons find the hood selling very readily, and 
anticipate that it will be exceedingly popular during the 
coming summer, 


THE FURNITURE EXHIBITION. 


The “Second International Exhibition of Furniture 
Decoration and Kindred Trades” was held last month at 
the Agricultural Hall, Islington, from the 11th to the 
2ist ult, 

There was only one exhibit of sewing machines—that 
of Mr. E. Rausnitz, of 184, Aldersgate Street, E.C., who 
our readers know is agent for Messrs. Nothmann’s 
machines.. The machines on show embodied all Noth- 
mann’s latest improvements, and were finished in the 
best style. The woodwork was also particularly good. 

We noticed at this stand a new baby-chair which Mr. 
Rausnitz is now selling to dealers. It is well worthy of 
attention by our readers who have a sale for useful and 
inexpensive children’s chairs. 

The Bissell Carpet Sweeper Company, of 47, Wilson 
Street, E.C., had on view their well-known sweeper. 

Bamboo furniture and mailcarts were on show at the 
stand of Mr. J. B. Kohn, of 170, Pentonville Road, N. 

One of the prettiest exhibits in the hall was that of 
Mr. C. C. Beetles, well-known to our readers as an 
extensive manufacturer of bamboo mail carts. This firm 
are also manufacturers of bamboo furniture in countless 
varieties, one of their latest specialities being a full bed- 
room suite made entirely of bamboo. 

Mr. Charles Rees, of 203, St. John Street Road, E.C., 
had on show specimens of metalized wood. It occurs to 
us that this process is well adapted for the production of 
perambulator panels. 

The other exhibits mostly comprised suites of furniture, 
amorg the principal exhibitors being the following 
cabinet firms:—F. T, Levi, Bayham Street, Camden 
Town; C. J. Argent, 60, City Road, E.C.; H. L. 
Benjamin, 6, Gt. Eastern Street, E.C. ; C. J. Barr & Sons, 
37, Curtain Road, E.C. ; J. H. Fallows & Co., 25, Curtain 
Road, E.C, ; and Matthews & Co., of Gloucester. 


THE SHOE AND LEATHER FATR. 


There was opened yesterday at the Agricultural Hall, 
Islington, the first Interhational Shoe and Leather Fair, 
which will continue fora week. It has been organised by 
Mr. John T. Day, the well-known editor o! the popular 
Shoe and Leather Record, whom we heartily congratulate 
on his success. Not only is this the most representative 
show of the leather trade ever held, but also the hand- 
somest and most practical. 

In our next issue we shall fully describe the whole of 
the exhibits of interest to our readers. 




















































































































Messrs. Kirsop & Co. of Newcastle-on-Tyne, cycle and sewing 
machine agents, are now making cycles. 
az * 


Mr. J. W. Moore has taken over the ‘ Cycledom ” business, formerly 
carried on by Hinby, Moore, & Co., Barrass Bridge, Newcastle-on- 
Tyne, and will deal in cycles, perambulators, and sewing and washing 


machines. 
x * 


* 

We hear from nearly all hands that the perambulator trade thus far 
has been less satisfactory than during the eorresponding period 
of 1893. : 

ae 

Our readers will be pleased to hear that the Bradbury cycle has 
already gained a high place in the opinion of dealers. A well-known 
cycle agent recently told one of our friends that of the 100 safeties he 
had in stock, he ranked the Bradbury first ;‘and, be it known, he holds 


most of the best agencies. 
= * 


* . . 
Messrs. Seidel & Naumann, of 23, Moor Lane, E.C., have just issued 
a new illustrated catalogue, which deals not only with their sewing 
machines in all styles, but cycles, perambulajors, musical albums, 
aristons, &c., &c. Our readers should write for a copy. 
x * 


* 
Messrs. Doel & Money, of the Swan Cycle Works, Denmark Street, 
High Wycombe, have just shown us their combination crank and 
pedal, which certainly gives the narrowest tread of any crank hitherto 
introduced, : 











ma 











lid 
| 


all 


1010 
its tt tt HO tht 





Messrs. Healy & Richards have recently brought out a new style of 
their Class F piano. It is 4 ft. 2 in. high, and has a foreign action. 


* 

Mr. H. Snell, to cope with his rapidly extending business, has taken 
a factory at Grovedale Road, Upper Holloway, nearly double the size 
of his former location. 

x * 
* 

Messrs. A. Moritz & Co, are just about to take extended premises at 
28, Berners Street, W., a four-storied building, containing a vast show- 
room 150 ft. long. : 

ane 

At an early date we understand an electrical music leaf turner will 
be introduced, the mechanism of which is very simple, being brought 
into action by pressing a button witk the foot. 

Pbk 


* 

A new 4 ft. 4 in. vertical piano has just been brought out by Messrs. 

Barber & Co., of Battersea. The instrument, which has an elaborate’ 

walnut case, contains an extended metal frame, foreign action, and 

ivory keys, and should command a ready sale. 
ole 


* 
«A neat pianoforte list has just been issued by Messrs. Beadle & 
Langbein, in which the chief feature is the splendidly got up illustra- | 
tions, which are printed from “ process ”’ blocks, and have the appear- | 
ance of photographs. | 

x 

* * 
A sustaining action for pianofortes has been patented by Mr. W. | 
Simkins and Mr. C. Ajello. 4 


TO CANVASSERS and OTHEKS.—Useful and sale- } 


; able articles to sell to any and everyone. Circular on applica- | 
Honest itor, “Tool and Machinery Register,” 101, Houndsditch, 
ondon. 


WN EEDLES.—Howe Be SOG ame TOSS Sam Con | 
& Co., Alcester. 


WANTED, CONTINENTAL TRAVELLER, for |} 
Sewing Machines. and Cyles.—Traveller, Sewing Machine 
Gazette Office. 


"TRAVELLER WANTED, for London wholesale and | 
retail trade in Sewing Machines and cycles.—‘‘ Alpha,” Sewing | 
Machine Gazette Office. 














May 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


BiG DISCOUNTS. BiG PROFITS. 


VACANCIES in a FEW TOWNS for LIYE AGENTS. 





NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE, 











\iF YOU WANT TO SEW 








HOC IT A 
NYTHING, 


NYWHERE, Was ict y: 
NY SHAPE, _THE“NO.9” ISEVERREADYTODOIT. 
NY TIME, 








It took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading machines of the world as the most advanced 
sewing machine mechanism. 


The rotary principle is the true one and wius every time. 
Agents wanted wherever not represented. Address for terms, 
WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CO.,, 
2|, Queen Victoria Street, London E.C. 








28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


May 1, 1894. 




















The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 


Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT, 


5.224. W. Kempton and D. Macrae, for improvements in sewing 


machines. 


5,640. J. Y. Johnson, a communication from H. Petitjean, of France, 


for improvements in perambulators and other wheeled vehicles. 


6,019. G. Blunt, for improvements in or relating to circular knitting 


machines. : 

6,158. W. H. Beal, for improvements in perambulators, mail carts, 
and other like vehicles. ; ; : 

6,234. C. G. Mackay, for improvements in or relating to children’s 
cradles, cots, and the like. ; ; 

6,382. J.-M. Wilson, for improvements in folding shafts for go-carts 
and children’s carriages. 

6,471. J. Allen, for improvements in means or apparatus for use 
in the production of sewn button-holes. 

6,483. C. 1. Neumann, for improvements in or applicable to sewing 
machines. : : A 

6,519. EF. Simmons, for improvements in sewing machines. 

6,569. L. Thiele, for improvements in collapsible perambulators. 

6,611. W. W. Pound, for an adjustable hammock back child’s mail 
cart, invalid carriage, or chair. 

6,723. W. H. Chapman, for a perambulator dress protector. 

6,785. T. G. L. Miller and F, T. Pinson, for improvements in 
circular knitting machines. : fee ; 

6,873. C. Terrot and the ‘‘ Boas-King” Knitting Machine 
Company, for improvements in knitting machine. ‘ : 

7,118. J. M. Farmer, T. J. Ferguson, and G. J. Riemer, for 
improvements in the construction of needles for sewing machines. 

7,163. G. Falke for improvements in or relating to shuttle-throwing 
devices. 

7,196. F. G. Grénros, for an improved bipartite needle for knitting 
machines and the like. : 2 

7,268. S. T. Fawcett, D. Simpson, and J. J. Simpson, for improve- 
ments in or connected with children’s carriages. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
+ (Price 8d. each.) 

4,149. Sewing Machines. F. O. Jerram, of Liverpool. Dated 
February 24th, 1893. ; L ed : 

The object is to provide a sewing machine in which two or more 
parallel rows of stitches may be sewn at the same time, and at any 
suitable distance apart, also to enable the needle bar or bars to be 
thrown in or out of gear, to facilitste turning corners, or to enable the 
machine to be employed as a single needle machine. — 

5,903. Sewzng Machines. G. Benson, of Fountain Street, Belfast. 
Dated March 2oth, 1893. : 

Consists of improved mechanical arrangements for producing plain 
and fancy stitches, and may be shortly described as the combination of 
what is generally known as the Thomas feed and system with a rotary 
hook or shuttle. 

6,656. Sewing Machines. M. H. Pearson and Pearson & Bennim, 
Limited. Dated March 2oth, 1893. ‘ ‘ 

Is applicable to most kinds of sewing machines, but is especialy 
useful with machines employing a waxed thread, as in the stitching of 
leather or the like. The invention deals with the treatment of the 
thread as to tension, the taking up or tightening of the loop, the 
locating of the lock in the material being stitched, and, so far as waxed 
threads are concerned, to the waxing of the thread. 

6,668. Sewing Machines. W. Jones, H. G. Hall, and J. Hall, of 
the Jones Sewing Machine Company, of Guide Bridge, Manchester. 
Dated March 29th, 1893. ; 

Relates to improved combination and arrangements of mechanism 
for sewing with a vertical eye-pointed needle and an oscillating 
shuttle. ; 

6,714. Sewing Machine Shuttle. J. Thomas, of Clerkenwell Close, 
London. Dated March 3oth, 1893. 

The body of the shuttle is formed separate from the ends or with 
only one end, and the end block or blocks subsequently added to form 
the nose or heel, or both, the requisite holes in the end blocks for the 
spool spindle being produced and the cleaning out of the inside 
effected prior to the insertion of the loose end or ends. 

7,953. Straight Bar Knitting Machines. J. H. Woodward and 
F, Shaw, both of Nottingham. Dated April 19th, 1893. 

When radial work is produced upon straight bar knitting machines 
a number of small bobs are left in the fabric wherever the thread- 
carrier, in place of completing its traverse over the whole row of 
needles upon which work is being made, stops short of making a com- 
plete traverse, one hole showing itself at every point where the thread- 
carrier stops. According tc this invention the filling up of these 
holes is effected by causing the thread at the end of the traverse to be 
wrapped around one or more of the next succeeding needles. 

_———————— 






UNITED STATES PATENTS. 


TssuRD AND DATED MARCH 61H, 1894. 
515,965. A. A. Merritt, Cohoes, N.Y., electric stop motion for 
knitting machines. 
516,020. A. E. Lindner, Brooklyn, sewing machine. 
516,144. J. A. Wilson and R, Hutchinson, Nottingham, England, 
straight knitting machine. 
516,155. J. Fischel, Vienna, Austria, Hungary, embroidering 
machine. 3 
IssUED AND DATED MARCH 13TH, 1894. 
516,190. J. Douglas, Elizabeth, N.J., sewing machine. 
516,252. R. W. Whitney, Cleveland, Ohio, ruffling attachment for 
sewing machines. 
IssUED AND DATED MARCH 20TH, 1894. 
516,722. J. D. Hemphill, Huntingdon, Conn., circular knitting 
machine. 
516,723. J. D. Hemphill, Huntingdon, Conn., draw cam for 
stocking knitting machines. 
546,960. L. Bosi, Terricciola, Italy, kritting machine. 
: IssuUED AND DaTED MARCH 277TH, 1894. 
517,045. H. A. Houseman, Philadelphia, Pa., stopping mechanism 
for circular knitting machines. 
517,140. J. C. Goodwin, Philadelphia, Pa., trimmer for sewing 
machines. 
517,141. J. C. Goodwin, Philadelphia, Pa., sewing machine. 
517,354. W. V. Miller, St. Joseph, Mo., button-hole sewing 
machine. 
517,376. D. Brown, Newhaven, Conn., sewing machine. 
IssUED AND DATED APRIL 3RD, 1894. 
517,485. F. A. Ryno, St. Paul, Minn., button-attaching machine. 
517,604. J. C. F. Dick, Belvidere, Ill., button-fastening machine. 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Iron and Steel Work for Bath Chairs, Bassi- 
aettes, and Mail Cars, The newest designs 
and best workmanship at low prices for 
= cash. 








Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at ie 
WHOLESALE PRICES. < 


S4ii-= Organelte for SS /= (Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 


Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 






















3 Stops, By Royal 
Vox-humana, Letters 
Expression, 
P D 
and Flute. ¢ ; ae 
mili} 
Two lee Uy) Mere 
Complete : Aisi Child 
Sets of Si | a can Play it. 
Reeds. Mt <e 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., etc. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 





FoR PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD.,, 


who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, 
a large quantity always in stock. 
¥IMEPIECHS 16/6 PHR DOZ. SPLENDID VALUE. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, ae if 
Send a Post Card for ouf 
New 76-page Price 


List. 


Good Valub 
Guaranteed. 


June 1, 1894 os 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS « 
MAIL CARTS 























of ever . 
d . ie London Agent — 
escription 
pee Mr, GEO. PEARCE, 
quality, 39, Holborn 
to Viaduct, 
suit ae 
all en 
Trades. — 


8, 
” 


D 
oS 
a. 
D 
N 


Prices, 
XPerj 
ID Hite 
Sim AL 


e 
dj 


“Ip 


'Ple 


So 

] 
Wro 

t, 
at fin 


G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, SAMPLES, etc., Post Free. 


Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—id. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 
KING'S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 18, 


Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 
terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 
Silver Watches, &c., &c. 





ee 
NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 

Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 


HUNTS AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 

LAMPS.—The ‘‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 
Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 
Norwich. 


rHE NEW PATENT BRITANNIA PETROLEUM 


OIL ENGINE is the safest and_most economical motive power 











yet invented.—Apply, Britannia Tool Factory, Colchester. Factories 

fitted up with engines, shafting, &c. 

BELTS ! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 


lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Harvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 





@ycre OILS, Burning and Lubricating, Loose or 
Bottled. Knitting Machine, Wringer, and Pram Oils. Al] 
kinds of Machinery Oils.—Lady Bridge Oil Works, Spring Street, 
Hull. 

T° CANVASSERS and OTHERS.—Useful and sale 


able articles to sell to any and everyone. Circular on applica~ 





tion.—Editor, ‘‘Tool and Machinery Register,” 101, Houndsditch, 
London, 


GINGER'S FAMILY, 2s. per gross; every needle 


warranted.—S. Cox & Co., Eagle Works, Alcester. 
———S— Eee eee 
EWING MACHINE BUSINESS fer Sale, or Part- 
nership, in Kensington. Low rent; 15 years’ lease; good con- 
nection.—G. O., 18, Lillie Road, Fulham. 





MECHANIC, with thorough knowledge of all kinds 
of Sewing Machines and Cycle Repairs, requires Situation.— 
A. Elliott, 145, Station Road, Ilkestone. 





TRAVELLER WANTED for the United Kingdom, to 

represent a wholesale firm of Sewing Machine and Cycle Manu- 
facturers.—Address, stating salary, references, and experience, S., c/o 
Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





WANTED, ENGAGEMENT as Manager or 
Superintendent. Many years’ experience in hire trade.— 
“ Activity,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





ANTED, a Man to trace run-away customers in 
London district.—Write ‘‘ Cute,” Sewing Machine Gazette 


Office. 
Gee DOMESTIC MACHINERY BUSINESS to 


Dispose of in leading town, county Durham. Good connection 
railway men. Established 18 years. Rent low. Ingoing 
moderate. Rare opportunity for young, pushing man. _ If desired, 
stock at valuation. Declining business solely through ill-health.— 
Apply H., c/o Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 


A LMI) OUANTERYS oi NYS oBE Sd 

REFINED AMERICAN SPERM SEWING MACHINE 
OIL, well and neatly packed in square panelled bottles, in 
clean and splendid condition, securely packed in gross cases; 2 oz. 
15s., 4 Oz. 19s. per gross, nett cash. Sample, 3d. stamps.— Egdell & 
Co., Neweastle-on-Tyne, 





with 














12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


CHE JOURNALOF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or ts. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—2s. 6d. per annum, or 9d. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariff on Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 


Contributions.—Atticles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises, &c., in their several towns. 


Trade Information —We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. 


Replies to Advertisements.—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 


In Writing to Us.— Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,’’ or 
“ Editor,” at the address given below. 


Hive Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application. 


List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 


Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 


Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
lccal papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a// our readers do likewise? 


3 SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 
28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 
























Mark SINS 











Our readers will remember that a few 
months ago we discussed the question 
of the unfair methods of trading which had been intro- 
duced into the sewing machine trade of late years—we 
refer to the detestable practice of firms ‘‘ working out” 
other traders’ machines. We put it to the trade that cus- 
tomers obtained this way were never any good to the firm 
whohad supplanted acompetitor’s machine with theirown. 
The most ignorant personin the land must surely feel 
that such methods of trading are wrong, and even if will- 
ing to become the tool of the trader’s greed, would 
want some guid pro quo. 

During the past month two well-known members of the 
trade, after having been at loggerheads for some time, 
have buried the hatchet, and entered into an agreement, 
of which the following is a copy :— 


AGREEMENT made this day between 
in order to protect their business and regulate thetr servants? 
and agents’ conduct one towards another, and thereby 
facilitate a better understanding between the parties, and 
establish a basis for the easy setilement of all future 
disputes. 2 

HIRSTLY, it ws agreed that neither of the firms above- 
mentioned shall encourage, countenance, or permit any act or 
deed to be done to the injury of etther parties, themselves, 
their servants, or agents. 

SECONDLY, should any agent or servant of the above- 
mentioned firms do any of the following acts or deeds tt shall 
be considered a breach of thts agreement. 

THIRDLY, to interfere with each others orders by 
advising any customer to return the goods already in their 
possession, or stating that the goods sold by either of the 


Unfair Trading. 


firms mentioned are inferior in quality to those they or 


their servants have to sell.” 

FOURTHLY, not to allow any of their agents or 
servants to bring away or send back any goods sold and 
delivered. The firm suffering such loss of the order shall be 
mdemnijied in either of the following ways : 

Goods so returned or caused tobe returned shall be 
re-delivered or replaced to the original purchaser, uf possible, 
atthe request of one firm to the other within seven days of such 
notice, to be given tn writing, or 

FIFTALY, the firm so tnter fered xith ma y clacm from 
the other firm who has caused such loss by their servants of 
agents an amount of 20 per cent. of the gross value of the 
g00ds, viz., the price charged to the purchaser within 14 days 
of such notice of the order being upset or returned by their 
servants or agents. : 

One ‘of the parties to tlie above agreement has sug- 
gested that we inform the trade generally of the attempt 
now being made to put an end to unfair trading, and 


that we should recommend its adoption throughout the 
country. 


JUNE 1, 1894. 











SSS 


The Story of 





the Sewing Machine. 
WITH REMINISCENCES, PERSONAL AND GENERAL. 
By NEWTON WILSON. 


CHAPTER XXVI. 
ArE TRADE Names TRADE Marks ? 
STAGE No. 2. 
“Kiwpatt & Morron.” 

Will the reader kindly reverse the dial of time, placing 
its finger a few years prior to the events recorded in the 
concluding part of the last chapter, the strict chrono- 
logical order being in that instance broken. During the 
preceding five years events had transpired which must 
be here recorded. 

Thirty-four or thirty-five years ago Mr. John Morton 
was travelling over England selling sewing machines in 
the interest of I. M. Singer & Co. At that time I. M. 
Singer & Co. had opened their first depot in Great 
Britain in Buchanan Street, Glasgow, and Alonzo 
Kimball was manager of the same. Years later these 
iwo had joined hands, and under the style of Kimball 
& Morton commenced manufacturing machines on 
similar principles and arrangement of construction, and 
selling the same under the name of the ‘‘ Lion ” Singer, 
using the device in which the British lion and the Ameri-_ 
can eagle supported ashield surmounted by the outline of 
one of these machines. The peaceful enjoyment of this 
{rade was not to be long permitted, and ‘‘ honest John,” 
as Mr. Morton was knownin the trade more than twenty 
years ago, had soon to bear the outburst of the Singer 
Company’s wrath. 

It was in the early part of 1870 that the war broke out, 
awar beside which, in the eyes of the combatants, the 
great Punic wars of classic Rome sank into the veriest 
insignificance. 

At the time I write I have before mea bulky volume 
compiled by Mr. Morton, and containing the printed 
evidence given on both sides in this case. This volume 
has inscribed upon it, in gilt letters, the words ‘‘ Sinners 
Rewarded ”’ as its title. My humorous correspondent, in 
sending me this book, for such John Morton is, warns 
me against the dangers I incur in its perusal, intimating 
that it is as formidable as the iron chest in which the 
Marquis of Queensberry placed his big collection of 
plans, specifications, accounts, &c., in connection with 
the building of Drumlanrig Castle. To this chest he 
attached a steel plate ; on it were inscribed these words— 

‘““The De’il pick out his e’en 
Wha daurs to look within.” 
In spite of the warning I have looked within. 

Some of the exhibits” printed therein are amusing 
enough. Here is an extract from one of the Singer 
Company’s catalogues under the date of 1863 :—“ The 
history of the Singer Manufacturing Company’s Sewing 
Machines affords most convincing proof of their supe- 
riority and excellence. It dates back to the earliest efforts © 
of the human mind to design and construct the muscles 
of iron and steel to perform the delicate and wearisome 
labour hitherto done only by those of the human hand.” 
Here is another from a later date, probably 1866:—* Cau- 
tion. In consequence of the high reputation and ready sale 
acquired by the Singer Company’s Sewing Machines, un- 
principled persons haveattempted to makeand sell nume- 
rous counterfeits under the pretext of being second-hand 
or made on the same principle as the Singer Manufac- 
turing Company’s. Some of these worthless imitations 
bear the name of Singer in order to make the deception as 
complete as possible. In either case the purchaser finds 
when too late that all such fraudulent articles are of the 
poorest quality, both with regard to the quality of the 
material, finish, andadjustment, and are utterly inefficient 
and incapable of executing the required work. Taking 
this into consideration, together with the risk of using 
them without authority,it may be said truthfully that to . 
buy them is only to throw money away.” 

The trade-mark has been already described in a pre- 
vious chapter, consisting of a shuttle intersected by 
needles and a line of cotton, the latter in the form of the 
letterS. It is significant of remark that this design has 





: 2 y= 


JUNE 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 13 


i 


never been in any way imitated by other makers. And 
the word “Singer” is no more part of the trade-mark 
than the word. ‘‘Company.”’ In the preparation of 
evidence in connection with the case the “ pursuers,” 
for such the plaintiffs are called in Scotch law, appear to 
preponderate very considerably over the defenders, or 
. defendants as we should termthem. Not only did they 
produce long and extended proofs in Glasgow, but they 
had a Commission appointed for the taking of evidence 
in London. Andat this Commission there appeared no 
less than six witnesses, all on their behalf. Amongst 
these were Richard Hunting, the manager of Wheeler 
& Wilson’s business, Norris Parnley Stockwell, manager 
of the Howe Machine Company, Sir Peter Tait, Donald 
Nichol, and others. I had been waited upon by Messrs, 
Kimball and Morton, who had asked me to give evidence, 
and had obtained my consent, but I was not called. And 
at this Commission no rebutting evidence was produced. 
Looking over this evidence, as it now appears in print, 
there does not seem to be that perfect agreement between 
the two defenders, Kimball and Morton, in their defini- 
tion of what they call the Singer principle. 
In the first, that of Mr. Kimball, prominence is given 
to the gear wheels as chief feature, but an unfortunate 
phrase is used. When asked to define what he means by 
the Singer principle, he depones “a machine made after 
the style of the pursuers’ machine.’’ Mr. Morton’s is 
much fuller and better. He says ‘it consisted in four 
things: rst, the gear wheels ; 2nd, the heart cam; 3rd, 
the check lever; and 4th, the inclined plane or feed.” 
Now these features as stated are all peculiar to the 
Singer machines, part of them appear in the 
larger and heavier class known as the “No. 2” or 
“* Manufacturing,” but the whole of them appear in the 
Family class. The heart cam, it may be stated, since 
the expiry of the 1853 patent, and even before, has 
been largely employed in other, especially hand, machines 
using aneedle and shuttle. 

The evidence adduced even at this time of the use of 
the word Singer by others making a similar class of 
machines, as a descriptive term, and simply as such, and 
always qualified by either the name of the maker or by 


a fancy term, such as ‘‘Lion Singer” or ‘Crown 
Singer,” was considerable; but by no means so 
extended as it might have been, and the pre- 


ponderance of important witnesses on the part of the 
Singer Manufacturing Company evidently exercised a very 
weighty influence on the successive judges before whom 
it was presented, viz., the Sheriff Substitute and the 
Sheriff Principal, 

The following is the judgment as pronounced by the 
Sheriff :— “ Having heard parties on the record and proof, 
finds in point of fact, Ist, that the petitioners are the 
successors in business of I. M. Singer & Co., and have 
since 1863 carried on the business formerly conducted by 
that firm of manufacturing sewing machines in Arnerica 
and Scotland, and of selling the same in many places in 
America, Great Britain, and elsewhere; 2nd, that the 
machines so manufactured and sold by said petitioners 
have come to be designated and known as ‘Singer’s’ or 
‘Singer sewing machines,’ and that said word ‘ Singer’ 
is understood by the public as pointing out that the 
machines sold under the name are the manufacture of said 
petitioners ; 3rd, that the respondent has sold machines 
not manufactured by said petitioners, to which he gives in 
advertisements the name of ‘Singer’; 4th, that this has 
a tendency to mislead the public and to injure the sale of 
petitioners’ machines. Finds, in point of law, that the 
petitioners are entitled to interdict against the respondent 
so using the name of Singer, therefore grants interdict 
as craved and. decerns ; finds the respondent liable in 
expenses of which allows an account to be given in, and 
remits the same when lodged to the auditor to tax and 
report.—(Signed) A. Beatson BELL.” 

In a long note appended, the argument on which the 
judgment is based is stated pretty fully. It contains, 
however, very little reference to the patents which had 
been taken out by or on behalf of the company for the 
machines in their completeness, and for all the prominent 
details as successively added, and which had been the 
boast and the mainstay as it were of the company—their 
very sheet-anchor, in fact, during the period of nearly 
twenty years which had preceded the action then being 
tried. It is a striking feature, which willbe more fully 


developed and illustrated hereafter, the boast of J. M. 
Singer & Co. had been the patents which surrounded 
their inventions. Yet from that period onwards and 
down to the present their policy has been to disclaim the 
patents or their ownership of them ; to assert that where 
such patents existed they were only for small and minor 
details, and to maintain that their reputation was founded 
on no continuous system or principle of construction, but 
merely and entirely on the uniform excellence of their 
mechanical workmanship and the superiority of the 
materials employed. 

In view of this, it is interesting to glance at some of 
the circulars and catalogues of the company or. its 
predecessors which formed exhibits in the suit under 
review. In one of these, bearing date New York, 
December 6th, 1853, which was issued shortly prior to 
the combination arrangement of which we have spoken 
in connection with Elias Howe, the circular in the most 
vigorous manner attacks Howe and his tributaries, Wheeler 
& Wilson, Grover & Baker, and others, threatening them 
with all the penalties of the law for alleged infringement, 
and concluding with the following :— 

“ RECAPITULATION. 

“From what has been stated, the public can perceive :— 

“‘tst. That we have a valid licence from the original 
inventor of the needle and shuttle sewing machine to use 
his invention. 

‘““2nd. That we are the sole owners of the original 
patent upon the sewing machine. ~ 

‘3rd. That we are the sole owners of the original 
patent of Morcy & Johnson, embracing the principle of 
forming a seam by the loop-stitch. 

““ath. That we are sole owners of the patent granted 
to Isaac M. Singer, August 12th, 1351, for improvements 
in the needle and shuttle machine. a0 : 

“‘sth. That we are sole owners of the patent granted 
to Isaac M. Singer, February 13th, 1852, for further 
improvements in the needle and-shuttle machine. 

“6th. That numerous persons are engaged in infringing 
upon our patented rights, against whom, with all con- 
venient despatch, we intend to commence and prosecute 
suits to obtain such redress as the law will give us. 

“T. M. Smncer & Co. 

“New York, December 6th, 1853.” a 

The references in the rst and znd paragraphs of this 
Recapitulation must be understood to refer to a patent 
of Walter Hunt, a gentleman of New York, who took out 
a patent some years before, but made no use of the same. 

Here is another extract a few years later :— 

“Their Unrivalled Prize Medal Lock-Stitch Family 

Sewing Machines. 
‘“ By Royal Letters Patent. 

“ The principle of the Singer Manufacturing Company’s 
sewing machines has not been changed since their first 
introduction to the public,” &c. ; 

Yet another, dated 1870 :— 

‘* CAUTION. 

“The high reputation of the Singer Manufacturing 
Company’s sewing machines has led to numerous attempts 
to make and sell spurious imitations, which are usually 
offered as the Singer, or under the pretext of being made 
on the ‘ Singer’ system,” &c. 

“No Machine 

sold as ‘The pay 
Singer’ is genuine | 
withoutthisTrade | TRADE MARK. 
Mark stamped on | 


a Brass Plate and | 
fixed to the Arm.” 


“The Public are warned 
against the purchase of 
Counterfeit Machines 
sold as ‘ The Singer’ 

in violation of 
the Company’s 
legal rights.” 








“Registered Trade Mark.” 

“The above cut represents the company’s trade-mark 
plate which they fix to the arm of their machines as an 
additioaal protection to the public against the deceptions 
of parties advertising for sale worthless counterfeit 
machines as ‘ the Singer.’ ”’ 

Numerous as were these exhibits and others of a 
similar character, and strong as was the evidence afforded | 
by them in rebutment of the claims of the pursuers, the 
judgment of the Court was that we have recorded, first 
delivered by the Sheriff Substitute and affirmed by the 
Sheriff Principal. It was re-affirmed on appeal by the 
Court of Session, but was not carried to the final Court 
of Appeal, the House of Lords. Thus terminated this 
famous Case. 

(CONCLUDED THROUGH THE DEATH OF THE AUTHOR ) 











DEATH OF MR. NEWTON WILSON. 


Those rmnembers of the trade who, at the dinner of the 
H.T.P.A: in March last, heard Mr. Newton Wilson’s 
peroration to his remarkable little speech thanking them 
“for theit kindness to one passing from the field of 
labour,’’ will scarcely be astonished to hear that he 
“crossed the bar’? on the 8th of last month. Death has 
fot two years past seemed to have marked him for its 
own at any moment, but the almost superhuman efforts 
of his two sisters could not longer avert, though it delayed, 
the effect of a railway accident fifteen years ago, causing 
spinal injury and inducing various internal troubles. 
Thus has passed away, in his 67th year, one of the most 
extraordinary men of the century, looked at from a com- 
mercial, legal, or political point of view. With politics we 
have little concern, so content ourselves with saying that 
for many years no gathering of metropolitan municipal 
reformers was complete without the presence of Newton 
Wilson, who, whilst drawing the line at pure Socialism, 
believed in a single government for London, and that 
endowed with the fullest possible attributes. From this 
it may be inferred that his sympathies were Liberal, and 
when some two years ago he was compelled through 
growing infirmity to sever his connection with active 
political life, North London Liberalism lost ore of its 
hardest and most conscientious workers. 





HIS PRIME. 


NEWTON WILSON IN 


Politics, however, were but a form of relaxation to Mr, 
Wilson, his commercial career being associated with the 
sewing machine to a greater and more varied extent than 
any other Englishman. There exist to-day compara- 
tively few who remember Newton Wilson as an active 
member of the trade, as he entirely gave up the business 
in 18g0, and even five years earlier had begun to decline 
the same. He is thus more generally known as a con- 
tributor of interesting articles to the Sewzng Machine 
Gazette, which induced the editor to inscribe the floral 
wreath laid upon his coffin, at the desire of the trade :— 


‘WITH THE RESPECTFUL REMEMBRANCE 
OF THE SEWING MacHINE TRADE 
To Its 
HISTORIAN.” 


And no tribute, we are assured, would have been more 
pleasing to him, as he had quite outlived any other than 
a sentimental interest in a piece of mechanism with which 
he had been connected from its birth to its recognition 
as a necessity in every household. As in Highgate 
Cemetery we watched Mr. Wilson’s wasted corpse lowered 
until only two thin boards separated it from that of his 
deeply-lamented wife, erstwhile also a power in the trade, 
who had preceded him to rest five years before, we could 
not help recalling the regret, expressed a few days before 


The Journal of Domestic Appiiances 


Jun“ 1, 1894. 





peaceful sleep overtook the historian, that his task could 
never becompleted. Mri Wilson’s article, then, in our 
present number, is the last we shall be able to give to our 
readers, and thus a series of papers interesting alike in fact 
and diction is abruptly terminated. It is, however, a 
source of great satisfaction that Mr. Wilson has recorded 
for the benefit of future ages the earlier history of the 
sewing machine trade as no other person could have 
done, and brought his record down to comparatively 
modern times. 

Careful readers will note that Mr. Wilson’s history is 
broken off just at the commencement of the long period of 
legal strife which somewhat embittered his career. We 
refer to his trade-name litigation. It is somewhat curious 
that this should be the case, and that before he could lay 
bare the details of a Jong and acrimonious contest in the 
Courts he should be called away to where the right for one 
manufacturer to use a trade name created by another can- 
not be of the slightest concern. It is, we take it, the duty 
of a biographer to draw such instruction from the life of 
his subject as the facts allow, and there can bz no question 
as to this trade-name dispute having been one of the 
greatest blunders in Mr. Wilson’s experience. Well do 
we remember, a few months ago, in talking over this 
matter, to have asked Mr. Wilson was this litigation 
expedient ? “Expediency,” he replied with feeling, 
“never dictated my action. I felt that I was in the right, 





NEWTON WILSON’S LAST PHOTO. 


and that was all I cared about.” Weare certain, however, 
that someregard paid to the qucstior of expediency would 
have been vastly to the advantage of our historian, and 
instead of his dying comparatively poor he might have 
been classed as the most successful man that the sewing 
machine trade has produced. But his extraordinary 
energy and ingenuity were frittered away on law with an 
antagonist who, commencing in as lowly a way as himself, 
has developed under no better or wiser management than 
he himself was capable of, until it is now known in every 
civilised village in the world. It is indeed strange that 
every person who has fought for the right to use the word 
‘Singer’? on a sewing machine has suffered serious 
financial reverses, compared with the originators of that 
name and their lawful successors who have advanced from 
conquering to conqueror ! 

As we so recently as 1892 gave a very full account of 
the life of Mr. Wilson, we do not now propose to give 
more than the barest outline of his remarkable career. 
He was born on May 3rd, 1827, in Manchester, the son of 
a well-known cotton spinner and manufacturer, of Port- 
land Street, Manchester. William Wilson, the father, in 
starting life as a clerk in a cotton mill, appended to his 
desk the motto, ‘‘ Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do 
it with thy might,” and it cannot be denied that the son, 
on entering his father’s employ directly on leaving school, 





JUNE 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 





also made this a guiding rule. For twelve years he worked 
his hardest until, in 1854, he commenced business on his 
own account in Cooper Street, Manchester. ; 

As Mr. Wilson has pointed out, it was neither Elias 
Howe nor William Thomas who introduced the first prac- 
tical sewing machine into England, but the credit is due to 
an American, Charles Tiot Judkins, who was the owner of 
the patent taken out by Edward Joseph Hughes, August 
10th, 1852, which included in its specification the Grover 
& Baker and the Singer No. 2 machines. Judkins 
employed the predecessors of Messrs, Bradbury & Co., 
Limited, a young firm of Oldham mechanics known as 
Sugden, Bradbury, & Firth, to make his machine, but 
they never completed the contract. In 1854 they called 
on Mr. Wilson, and induced him to take up the manu- 
facture of the machine, then called the ‘“ Lancashire.”’ 
Thus it happened that Newton Wilson was connected by 
a mere accident with the manufacture in this country of 
the frst practical sewing machine, and was drawn into the 
long series of patent disputes which, starting in 1856, 
lasted a number of years, to the detriment of the trade 
and the great pecuniary loss of Mr. Wilson. 

The subject of our sketch possessed a fine sense of 
humour, which he turned to good account when in 1857 
he opened his first depot at 144, High Holborn, London. 
The sewing machine at this time was scarcely an article 
of commerce—merely a clever novelty. It was neces- 
sary, therefore, to keep other articles on sale, which 
accounted for the new business being advertised as 
follows :—‘‘ Something new under the sun—a chair with 
which the baby nurses itself. Send for prospectus, or, 
better still, send for a chair.”’ 

We have before us a collection of papers, &c., used by 
Newton Wilson on commencing his business. His 
plan of popularising the sewing machine was to hire a 
room in townhalls or exchanges, and invite ladies to call 
and see the invention. There are still extant a 
number of these invites in the form of a card printed 
in gold and embellished at the corners with pictures 
representing painting, chemistry, the steam engine, and 
last, but not least, a lady in her drawing-room treadling 
a sewing machine. The lettering on the card is as 
follows :—‘‘ Admit and Party to a Private View 
of the Boudoir Sewing Machine of Newton Wilson & Co. 
In Action, at Drawing Room, Free Trade Hail 
(Manchester), on 6 Oct., 188, inst., from 12 till 5 
o'clock.” The ‘Boudoir’ was positively the first 
domestic machine constructed, and produced both the 
single and double-thread loop stitches. It was made by 
Harris & Bigelow, of Boston, and Mr. Wilson acted as 
their sole British agent. It was retailed at £14, but as 
the cost of selling was £5 cn each machine, the net profit 
was merely nominal. A year later, 1859, Mr. Wilson 
visited the States, and secured the agency for the Grover 
& Baker, which machine he introduced to the public 
in the same way as the “Boudoir.” The Grover & 
Baker Company having opened a shop of their own in 
London in 1864, Mr. Wilson decided to manufacture on 
his own account. He thereupon bought the business of 
Campion and Johnson, of Nottingham, and, with Mr. 
Campion as foreman, commenced the manufacture of the 
Howe, the Duplex, and the Singer No. 2 machines, and 
his first lawsuit with the Singer Company arose in 
connection with the latter machine. A year later an 
action was also entered against him in connection with 
the “ Duplex.” 

Thus far Mr. Wilson had only copied or sold other 
firm’s machines, but in 1866 he patented the first practical 
hand machine, which went under the names “Queen 
Mab” and “ Cleopatra.” He then began to make money 
out of the sewing machine trade, but suit after suit was 
entered against him so that he could not accumulate it. 
In anticipation of 1866, when most of the ‘master ” 
patents expired, Mr. Wilson adopted a trade-mark, and 
was quickly followed by Singer’s, Wheeler’s, and others. 
Now commenced the lawsuits to which we have previously 
referred. The first one was tried in the Liverpool County 
Court on November 29th, 1865, John Baron being 
plaintiff. The decision given was that Mr. Wilson, by 
describing on his invoice a machine made according to 
Howe’s expired patent as a ‘‘ Howe’s machine,” had no 
fraudulent intent, and the plaintiff was non-suited. 
Singer suit was not commenced until August, 1874, and 
has really never been finally settled. Our readers well know 





The. 


that Mr. Wilson’s contention was that when a patent 
expires the name by which it was formerly known falls 
into the public domain equally with the right to manu- 
facture the article. He always held, however, that it was 
the duty of manufacturers to take every reasonable step 
to prevent the public from being deceived to the detri- 
ment of the original patentees. 

Space does not permit of our going further into details, 
so we must refer those interested to the Sewing Machine 
Gazette from January to April, r892.. We might add, 
however, that in addition to being the first Englishman 
to make and sell a practical sewing machine, he was also 
one of the first bicycle manufacturers. Fora number of 
years he owned the Pope Street Works, where sewing 
machines and cycles were made until 1887, when the 
former were given up, and under the name of the St. 
George’s Engineering Company cycles alone are now 
produced. These works at one time afforded accommoda- 
tion for 500 men, most of whom were sewing machine 
hands. 

Mr. Wilson finally retired from the trade in 1890, and 
since then, until his death, bore a martyrdom of 
suffering with true Christian forbearance. We have 
previously stated that he was much interested in political 
questions, but he also concerned himself in religious and 
philanthropic work. He was a man of a very pleasing dis- 
position, made friends in every circle in which he moved, 
and was untiring to serve his friends. We must say for our 
part that we feel that in Mr. Wilson’s death we have 
suffered a loss which can never be repaired, and our grief 
is only tempered by the fact that his disease was 
absolutely incurable, and that it was for his good that he 
should not longer live to suffer continuous pain. 





DEATH OF ANOTHER SEWING MACHINE 
PIONEER. 


By the death of Mr. Nesbit D. Stoops, in Philadelphia, 
on the 26th of April, yet another of the pioneers of the 
sewing machine industry has departed this life. The 
deceased gentleman, who was 62 years of age, had been 
suffering for some few months from Bright’s disease, and 
it was of this malady he died. 

Born in the early part of the present century, Mr. 
Stoops first became associated with the trade in 1856, 
when, says the Sewzng Machine News of New York, he 
had a machine shop in Boston, U.S.A., where he 
was employed by Mr. A. F. Johnson in making a work- 
ing model of a sewing machine, of which the latter 
claimed to be the inventor. Thecourse of events were 
such, during the legal battles of the famous ‘“ combina- 


tion ” formed by the Wheeler & Wilson, the Grover & 
Baker, and the Howe companies, in which Mr. O. B. 
Potter was so actively engaged, that Mr. Stoops acted as 
an expert, and gave valuable evidence. As will be seen, 
therefore, N. D. Stoops fought side by side with such men 
as O. B. Potter, Nathaniel Wheeler, J. A. Hopper, and 
Elias Howe, junr., in the fight for the preservation of the 
rights of the pioneer companies against the interpola- 
tions of rivals and imitators. 

As we look back, not only in America but at home 
also, we are sad as we see these noble veterans—having 
fought a good fight—passing away from among us. The 
closing months of '93 saw the last of two who were long 
engaged in the trade—Mr. Wheeler and Mr. Potter— 
and just now two more have gone—Mr. Stoops in 
America, and Mr. Newton Wilson in England. We are 
reminded, as we write, of the closing sentence of what, 
perhaps, was the last public speech of Mr. Newton 
Wilson, in which he referred to himself as ‘‘one of the 
old veterans fast passing away from the field of labour.” 

The veterans have passed away, but never will their 
pioneer work be forgotten, for by their own efforts did» 
they lay the foundation on which has been erected a last - 
ing monument to their sterling worth—an industry 
which, prior to their advent, did not exist, and which was 
founded, fostered, and fought for by these heroes until 
they were overcome by “ the last enemy, which is death,’ 
for upto the last Mr. Stoops did business for the ‘‘ House- 
hold,” and Mr. Newton Wilson also, infirm though he was, 





was active with brain and pen in the compilation of his 


“History of the Sewing Machine’ almost uatil he 


‘‘ crossed the bar.” 








16 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


“June 1, 1894 


Se 


THE NEW “V.F.” MACHINE. — 

‘The Vertical Feed Sewing -Machine Company have 
now on show at their chief European office, 24, Alders- 
gate Street, London, E.C., a specimen of their new family 
machine, The old style ‘‘V.F.,” although a splendid 


“machine for either plain or fancy sewing, was a trifle 
noisy, and not so roomy under the arm as_ was desirable. 
The new machine, on the other hand, possesses all the ad- 
vantages of the old,but can now be said,in all confidence,to 





























be so quiet' and light running that it seems practically 
impos ible to further improve it in these respects, and the 
space under the arm is-also all that is required. 

Pyiefly stated, the improvements comprise a new 
method of operating the shuttle driver by means of an 
eccentric.on the top shaft working a fork. This allows of 
the machine running exceedingly light. 

The take-up is now positive, and is worked from a cam, 
which reduces the noise considerably. 

The tension is now placed in the front, and consists of 
two discs, the outer one having a lever for ease in releas- 
ing the thread. 


FIG.3 








The arrangement for fast and loose pulley is also im- 
proved. Instead of a clip and spring there is now 
used a screw stud, which requires less than one turn to 
make the change. 

The winder isalso slightly altered, but a considerable 
improvement is effected in the shuttle. This, as shown 
in our illustration, is now cylindrical, easy to thread, and 
more capacious. 

We congratulate Mr. G. W. Phillips on his company’s 
latest triumph, and since it is offered to the trade at no 
increase in price no doubt agents will give it the 
encouragement it deserves. 





—— sess aes 


THE SHOE AND LEATHER FAIR. 


As we went to press with our last issue the “First 
International Shoe and Leather Fair” was just starting 
on its career, which was successful toa remarkable extent. 
As before stated, it was under the management of Mr, 
John ls Day, the editor of the Shoe and Leather Record, 
and in spite of all previous exhibitions of a similar 
character being more or less failures, his indomitable 
spirit and enterprise has effected a total change, even for 
a first attempt. What next year’s “ Fair ” will be like we 
do not know, but we should nct be far wrong if we 
prophesied that the ground floor of the vast Agricultural 
Hall and one-third of the immense gallery will be 
incapable of again accommodating all the exhibits, but 
that every inch of space will be required. 

But an exhibition—although most of the stands are 
constructed to a set design never before attempted 
except for a long ‘‘run’”=—cannot be a success unless the 
exhibitors are able to do sufficient business to compensate 
them for the cost and trouble. Mr. Day’s ‘‘ Fair,” we 
heard on all hands, not only answered to this test, but 
the exhibitors appeared astonished at the volume of the 
trade done. 


Most of the exhibits were outside our “ field,” and | 





space does not allow of our doing more than’ refer to four 
of the many stands, Piva he 

’° THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY.—This worthy company occupied a central 
position with a thoroughly practical display of their 
numerous sewing machines. We noticed all the old 
favourites among manufacturers, such as the No. 172, 





D 12, and D 12 seam-trimming machine. They 
appear to be able to supply machines for per- 
forming operations never before dreamt of. We 


refer particularly to a new crewelling machine, of which 
we shall have more to say at an early date. We might 
just state, however, thatthis machine does “ half-chaining”’ 
at a speed and with such perfection as is impossible 
in the case of hand work. Another novelty was a machine 
for producing ribs on the backs of gloves, and it does this 
at a high rate of speed, and yet the character of the work 
must satisfy the most fastidious. As is usual with this 
company, they hired a number cf operators from shoe 
factories to perform their ordinary duties in view of the 
public, and some thirty machines were run by power. 
The stand was tastefully arranged and well looked after 
by Messrs. Bayne & Clay. 

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY.— 
A few yards distant was located Singer’s stand. They, 
too, exhibited a full range of machines for almost every 
sewing operation required in theshoe trade. We specially 
noticed their zig-zag, fancy stitch, and button sewing-on 
machines. Further, the “ elastic”’ for shoe repairers with 
universal feed, and the button-hole machine were specially 
worthy of examination. Ofcourse the company showed 
a number of their domestic machines, and did not forget 
to embellish their stand with specimens of machine art 
work, including the life-size representation of a giraffe 
entirely produced on a “ Singer ”’ machine. 

I. L. BERRIDGE & CO.—This well-known firm ex- 
hibited the ‘‘ Reece” and the ‘‘ American ” button-hole 
machines. Mr. Fair, their London representative, was kept 
busy showing his ingenious ‘ barring ” machine, also the 
“ Union ”’ button sewing-on machine run by power. 

‘FINLAYSON, BOUSFIELD, & CO.—This old- 
established firm of thread manufacturers had on exhibit 
specimens of a new cop to take the place of bobbins in 
sewing machines. The Wheeler & Wilson Company 
are using these cops, and with great success. 





WARNING TO PIANO DEALERS. 


At the Lambeth Police Court, on the 16th ult., J. H. 
Bohun, an auctioneer, carrying on business at Camberwell 
Green, appeared to answer a summons taken out on behalf 
of Carl Bechstein, for unlawfully exposing and having in 
his possession for sale a certain pianoforte, to which a 
forged trade-mark and false trade description had been 
applied, or to which a mark so nearly resembling a trade- 
mark as to be calculated to deceive was falsely applied.— 
On another summons, J. Rode, of Hinton Road, Lough- 
borough Junction, was summoned for causing the piano- 
forte in question to be exposed for sale.-—Mr. W. Berridge, 
a clerk in the service of Mr. Bechstein, said the: firm’s 
registered trade mark was the word “ Bechstein.” -On 
May oth, in consequence of what he heard, he went tothe 
auction-rooms of the defendant Bohun, and there’ saw a 
pianoforte bearing the words ‘‘E. Rechstein and Sohne, 
Berlin:” ‘Tire letter ‘‘ Rin Rechstein looked very like 
the letter ‘‘B.” It was an English piano, and was worth 
about £25.—Cross-examined : He did not know that 
three years ago there was a manufacturer of the name of 
Elias Rechstein at Berlin.—James Barnett, a clerk in the 
employment of the complainant's solicitors, said he called 
upon the defendant Rode, who described himself as a 
pianoforte manufacturer and dealer. Rode told witness 
that he bought the piano about two years ago from a Jew 
commission agent, and said the label was on it when he 
bought it. The defendant told him that he had never 
heard of the firm of Bechstein.—Mr. Hopkins said he 
could not come to any other conclusion upon the evidence 
except that it was a colourable imitation. The Act of 
Parliament made Mr. Bohun, as an auctioneer, personally 
liablé for having the pianoforte in his possession, but he 
(Mr. Hopkins) was satisfied that he did everything he 
should have done, and the penalty as against him would 
be nominal. Mr. Bohun must pay a penalty of 20s. and 
2s, costs, and Mr, Rode must pay the full penalty of £20 
and £3 38. costs. 


JUNE 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 17 





THE PROPOSED ALTERATION OF THE 
58 MERCHANDISE MARKS ACT. 


In our last issue we stated that it was proposed to 
amend the above-mentioned Act and gave full details. 
Since then. Colonel FE- Vincent moved the-second reading 
of this Bill, and said it was designed to remedy a defect in 
the Act of 1887. Goods could come in from Germany 
unmarked ; they might be made in Germaa prisons, and 
yet there was no indication of their origin. The Bill had 
nothing to do with Protection or Free Trade, but was 
intended simply to enable purchasers in this country to 
tell whether goods were of foreign or English manufac- 
ture. The Trades Congress had approved of the 
measure. 

Mr. Mundella opposed the Bill, which he observed did 
not touch prison-made goods from Germany, but required 
that goods imported should bear a mark showing the 
country from which they came; and that would be 
impracticable. How would it be possible to mark every 
one of the thousand millions of eggs imported, every yard 
of ribbon, and every fan? Such an idea was the most 
absurd dream that ever entered the mind of man. This 
was really a measure for carrying out the principle of 
Protection; it was intended not to facilitate, but to 
hamper, British trade, while its effect would undoubtedly 
be to ruin the import trade of this country. 

Colonel H. Vincent said that the Bill had never been 
read a second time, and that the objection to it always 
came from the party now in power. 

Mr. Mundella repeated that the late President of the 
Board of Trade repeatedly objected to the principle of the 
Bill. The aggregate imports into this country amounted 
to £ 400,000,000 of goods a year, and the Bill proposed 
that every article that could be marked should be marked. 
We imported every year athousand millions of eggs, and 
under the Bill every egg would have to be marked. 
(Laughter.) The Bill was nothing else than one for 
Protection. It would put every foreign country that 
imported to this country under enormous disabilities. 
How could every piece of ribbon or toy from Japan be 
marked? It was a Bill not to facilitate trade, but to 
hamper and harass trade, and would be ruinous to the 
import trade of this country. (Hear, hear.) 

Mr. J. H. Wilson considered that the right hon. 
gentleman took an extreme view of the Bill. What 
was objected to was that foreign-made goods were sold as 
British goods. (Cheers.) He supported the Bill as one 
which had been demanded year after year by Trades 
Unionists. , 

Mr..H. Wilson thought the right hon. gentleman took 
an extreme view of the Bill, which proposed that the 
mark of origin should be placed on all foreign-made 
goods. 

Mr. Muntz said that the Bill would not prevent the 

importation of anything into this country, except when 
it Ought to be prohibited. 
_=-Mr. Warner thought that the objections of the President 
‘of the Board of Trade could be met when the Bill got into 
‘Committee. He hoped the right hon, gentleman would 
‘withdraw his opposition to the second reading. (‘‘No,’ 
and “ Hear, hear.’’) 

Sir J. Joicey was surprised that any member calling 
himself a Free Trader should support this Bill, which 
was nothing more or less than a measure to protect 
certain industries. 


the vast number of working men who were engaged in 
export industries. (Cheers.) 

Mr. G. Bowles observed that if it was Protectionist to 
tell the truth about the origin of goods, then he, though 
he never knew it before, was a Protectionist, and every 
‘honest man should be so on this subject. The President 
of the Board of Trade was against telling the truth. 
(Laughter, and “ Order.”’) 

Mr. Roby said there was nothing more injurious to 





If it passed it would be a great dis- , 
advantage to the consumers of this country, and also to 4 


already made false marking penal. The great fault of this 
Bill was that it sought to enforce a statement as to the 
origin of goods in cases where such a statement could not 
be made without inflicting great difficulty in the way of 
our import trade. os a 

- Colonel H. Vincent moved the closure, which was 


agreed to. 
The House divided, when there voted— 
For the second reading aE boy lly yl 
Against 183 a! 


5 Majority against... 200 266 —26 
The motion for second reading was accordingly lost. 








HARROP’S PATENT COMBINATION. 
We have heard so many complaints the past few weeks 
as to the unsatisfactory condition of the perambulator 
trade, that it gives us great pleasure to learn that Mr. 
John Harrop, of Tib Street, Manchester, has little to 




















CA 
vk 





complain of inthis respect. He is particularly busy with 
his new patent combination carriage and mail cart, and 
deservedly so, for it is one of the most ingenious and 











trade than the continual stoppage of goods at the 
Customs. It would be impossible to carry out the 
provisions of the Bil] in anything like a rational manner. 
If the measure passed into law it would be simply 
intolerable. 
__Mr. G. Palmer also opposed the Bill. 

The Attorney-General agreed with the hon. member 
(Mr. Bowles) that the truth should be told in the case of 
goods that were marked, and reminded him that thelaw ! 





useful carriages yet introduced. It is convertible into 
four styles, of which we show two positions. 

Our readers should apply to Mr. Harrop for a copy of 
his poster, printed in colours, which Uillustrates the 
Various combinations 








18 The Journal of 


ORGANISATION. 


About a year ago Mr. Sydney A. Bennett, of New York , 
came to England to take charge, fro zem., of the business 
of The Singer Manufacturing Company in this country, 
and continued in that position until the arrival of the 
President of the company about eight or ten weeks since. 
Mr. Bourne, the President, did not find the condition of 
things so satisfactory as he had a right to expect, and in 
the adjustment of affairs it transpired that Mr. Bennett 
resigned. 

Mr. Whitie having retired on account of failing health, 
it was necessary to appoint a successor, and the choice 
fellon Mr. Henry Raper, who has been connected with 
thecompany since 1871. The appointment of Mr. Raper 
as general manager for the United Kingdom will scarcely 
come as a surprise to such of our readers as have watched 
his career, particularly that of the past five years 
during which he has mauaged the company’s London 
district with signal success. 

What is known as the foreign business of the company 
has now been separated from the British, which means 
that France, Belgium, and Switzerland, also the Cape and 
India, will now report direct to America. But it is 
arranged that business done with the latter countries shall 
be placed under a department with an office in Queen 
Victoria Street, E.C. Mr. Mitchell will be in charge 
of this new department as the representative of New 
York. 

Among the other changes, we might note that Mr. 
Dobson and Mr. Robertson have left the company’s 
service ; further, that Mr. Wm. F. Spiess has succeeded 
Mr. Raper as manager of the London district, and as he is 
well versed in the plans which have been considered 
boons by all the employes in his new territory, he starts 
with every prospect of a successful career. 

We might add that Mr. Spiess has for four years 
managed his company’s Dublin district, which comprises 
the southern and western portions of Ireland, with great 
success, and was previously an inspector in their service. 
His successor is Mr. Weaving, who has been in the com- 
pany’s service fifteen years, latterly acting as inspector, 
and possesses an experience which should ensure satis- 
factory results in his improved position. 























































































































Mr. W.R. Fisher, for twenty years with the Singer Manufacturing 
Company, latterly as district manager, first in Bristol and then at 
Newcastle-on-Tyne, has just started business on his own account. His 
address is 161, Cleethorpe Road, Grimsby, where he will deal in cycles, 
perambulators, and domestic machinery. Mr. Fisher bears a first-class 
reputation as an experienced man of business, and we wish him every 
success in his new enterprise. 


s * 


* 

Singer’s have just made an important improvement to what is 
known as their Drop Cabinet machine, and this improved cabinet will 
be known as the ‘‘ New Art Cabinet.” It is not only so constructed 
as to allow the machine to be worked either by hand or foot, but it is 
also a portable machine, and can be moved to any room in the house 
without inconvenience. Further, it can be used for travelling purposes. 

* = 


* 

Mr. Henry Savage, late manager of the Singer Manufacturing Com- 
pany’s Beverley Brancn, has started business as a domestic machinery 
dealer at Somerset House, Brunswick Arcade, Beverley Road, Hull. 

* = 
* 

On the 2ist ult. aboy, Charles Albert Baker, of 224, Luton Road, 
Chatham, was placed in the dock of the Chatham Police Court charged 
with committing a series of bicycle robberies, aniafter a long hearing 
was committed for trial. Considerable interest was evinced in the case, 
as, from the evidence of the witnesses examined, it transpired that the 
robberies had taken place over a wide area, the particular one with 
which he was charged being at Maidstone, and others as far afield as 
Croydon and Norwood. oe 

The Glasgow Asylum for the Blind, who have lately introduced 
sewing machines into their institution, and included a training inits use 
as part of their educational code for the girls of the asylum, held an 
exhibition on the 23rd ult., one of the chief features of which was the 
inauguration of the use of steam as the motive power of the sewing 
machines, thus greatly facilitating the work of the blind machinists. 
The exhibition was entirely successful. 

* * 


. : * 
A novelty in the shape of a piano worked by electricity was recently 
exhibited by the Sherborne Electric Installation and Dorset Poly- 
technic Company, Sherborne, Dorset. Mr. E. R. Dale, the head of the 


firm, has many electrical novelties, among which we observe a useful 


electric cycle lamp. ae 


The Singer Manufacturing Company have removed their Darwen 
Branch from The Circus to larger premises at 236, Duckworth 
Street. ; Su 


| 


i 


cinema pnts Me OUEST homesite Appliances 
GREAT CHANGES IN THE SINGER CO.’S 


JUNE 1, 1894. 


} : 
| A correspondent informs us that he finds the following omitted from 


our Patent List :—Provisional protection, No. 6,728, April 4th, 1894. 
Improvements in mangling and wriiging machines, C. J. Griffith, 
! Willesden. 
3 oe 

We have received from a canvasser a long letter calling attention 
to certain new terms demanded by his employers. We are sorry not 
to be able to give publicity to his complaint, but we have been com- 
pelled to decline to print these communications as a matter of principle. 
He should bring h‘s grievance before the notice of his employer. 

-* 

) * 
| The American Sewing Machine Company have removed from Rose 
Street to Ludgate Square, E.C. 








Failures and Arrangements. 
HARRY VICTOR LLOYD, Perambulator Manufacturer, Borough, 
S.E 


The first and final dividend of 1s. 3d. in the pound has 
,been declared in this matter. Mr. Percy Mason, the trustee, 
has issued a summary of receipts, which shows that the stock-in-trade, 
(horse, van, fixtures, &c., which were estimated to produce £450, only 
‘realised £204 6s. 1d., and the book debts realised £157 12s. 2d. 
linstead of £266 7s. 4d. The total assets—less costs of execution, 
41 15s.; trading payments, £17 8s. tod.—realised £363 8s. 9d. 
|The credit account showed payments as follows :—Board of Trade and 
\Court fees, 432 16s. 5d.; law costs of petition, £8 13s. 3d.; other 
‘law costs, £13; trustee's remuneration, as fixed by the Committee of 
/Inspection (74 per cent. on £330 6s. 7d. assets realised, £24 15s. 6d. ; 
/5 per cent.. on £155 9s. 8d. assets distributed in dividend, 
| £7 15s. 6d.), £32 11s.; valuers’ charges as taxed, £43 12s. 3d. ; 
}shorthand writers’ charges as taxed, £2 13s. 6d.; costs 

of possession, £8 2s. 8d.; costs of notices in Gazette and local papers, 
43 9s. 3d. ; incidental outlay, £17 12s. 3d., thus making the total cost 
! of realisation £122 tos. 7d. The allowance to the debtor was £6; 
| the amount available for creditors was, therefore, £234 18s. 2d., and 
' £79 8s. 6d. of this going to preferential creditors, left the amount 
available for dividend at £155 9s. 8d., on which a first and final Givi- 
dend of 1s. 3d. in the pound was declared on debts to the amount of 
| £2,487 15s. 2d. The debtor’s estimate of amount expected to rank for 
dividend was £2,912 14s. 
\JOSEPH HAWTHORN, Sewing Maehine Agent, Wellington Street, 
\ Kettering. 
} A receiving order was made in the above, and the debtor adjudicated 
Jpankrupt on April 14th. ‘ 
|\OHN BROWN RIX, General Warehouseman, 71, High Street 
{ and Blackfriars Street, King’s Lynn. 
| In the above bankruptcy, the following are creditors 7, 
Stade 
; Lohmann, C.... 96 a0 p90 on 10 0 O 
( Midland Perambulator Company, Birmingham -- I0 2 I 
JOSEPH HEALE, Furniture Dealer, late Market Street, Tor- 
uay. 
| In the above bankruptcy, the following are creditors ae 
\ s. d. 
j Humphrey, Keates, & Co., Birmingham ... su. UG) @) 3} 
\ North London Engineering Co., Waltham Cross 10 6 6 
JERRAM SEWING MACHINE SYNDICATE, LIMITED. 
ry A meeting will be held at twelve o’clock on the 7th inst., at Invest- 
iment Buildings, 67, Lord Street, Liverpool, for account of wind- 





Jag-up. 
SOWER FURNISHING AND FINANCE COMPANY, 
| LIMITED. 


G A meeting will be held at eleven o’clock on the 6th inst., at 14, 
Sjeorge Street, Mansion House, fur account of winding-up. 
;AMUEL CARTER, Domestic Machinery Dealer, Hamlet Road 
} Southend. 
| The public examination of this bankrupt was appointed to be held 
t the Chelmsford Bankruptcy Court on May 2nd, before Mr. Registrar, 
{Doffield, but when the Jebtor’s name was called over, no response was 
‘given. It was stated that the debtor's whereabouts were unknown, 
nd it was supposed that he had gone to America for an indefinite 
toeriod. The Registrar, under the circumstances, ordered the examina- 
Fion to be adjourned sine die. 
3OHN JAMES EDGELL, Cycle Agent and Domestic Machinery 
Dealer, Newcastle-on-Tyne. 
} This debtor was publicly examined on the 17th ult. at the Newcastle 
yankruptcy Court, before Mr. Registrar Ingledew. The debtor, in 
eply to questions put by the Official Receiver, said he had carried on 
yusiness on his owr account for thirteen or fourteen years. He took 
ver the business from his former employers, and it cost him nearly 
1,000. He paid £360 down, and he had two years allowed him to 
day the balance. He had since paid for the business. There were 
wo large debts of a little over £500 which had been lent him by 
felatives at various times. He went into his financial position in 
ySeptember, 1892, and he then came to the conclusion that he was 
[£2435 to the good. It was true that he was now £1,500 to the bad, 
but he did not think at the time that he had taken too rosy a view of 
this position. He could not understand how it was that his position 
had altered to the extent of about 44,000 in the course of eighteen 
qonths, but when the pneumatic tyres came into fashion there was a 
mreat loss on cycles. Solid tyres were now a dead letter, and a 
}aachine that cost 49 would not now realise more than 3os. or £2. 
y1e had also lost a considerable amount through bad debts. Machines 
qwere now usually purchased on the hire-purchase system, and if the 
Lustomers stopped payment, he had to take back the second-hand 
and damaged machines, which were not worth anything like the 
balance due on the machines. He considered that the hire system 
had been the ruin of the trade. The examination was eventually 
re to be adjourned. 
A COUNTY COURT JUDGMENT was registered on March 
2tst against H. G. Smith & Co., 38, St. John Street, Worcester, 


- ‘machine dealers, for £10 IIs, 


oe Ee | 
UNPRECEDENTED SUCCESS. 


WORLD'S FAIR CHICAGO 


THE SINGER MANUF ACTURING CO. 


54 FIRST AWARDS, 


been brought together at any Exhibition. 







THE MANY IMPROVEMENTS IN 


SINGER’S. 
NEW SEWING MACHINES, 


Which, for Rapid and Noiseless Working 






| A Source of the Fabs ml a intrest 
| TO THE USERS OF EARLIER STYLES, 


| MACHINES OF ANYBODY'S MAKE REPAIRED OR EXCHANGED. 


THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO, 


CITY SHOWROOM: 147, CHEAPSIDE, E.C., 
Offices throughout Great Britain and Ireland. 








40 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JUNE 1, 1894. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 
' TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 
Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 


AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON aes AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


SSSI SS SSVI NI NINSNS SSNS SSNS NAS NSNS 


THE “BELL” ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD, 
9, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W. 





















































ZA PATENT COMBINATION 


BAB? CARRIAGE 


AND 


MAIL CART. 


Convertible to 4 Positions, 















































































































































GREATEST TRIUMPH IN 


BABY COACH BUILDING. 


NO DEALER OR 
HOME SHOULD BE 
WITHOUT ONE. 


Vi Guy - 
Z_ _AA- 
Carriage No. 111, 24 x 14 Wheels, £4 4s H A R R O P’ Ss, 


Provisional Patent No. 16502. 


55, TIB STREET (off Oldham Street), 


EES SL ee Stee. 


Ww. FOSTER & CO., 
46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 


REGISTERED D&SIGN 





















































Fish SISNET RIES OF EVERY DESCRI C21 N OF “PERAMBULATOR TUTTENGE, HOOD JOINTS, HANDLES IN RRAS3 
AND WOOD, BRA§8 HANDLE BONS, TOY FITTINGS, IRON HOOD FRAMES, JANOPY TRONS. SPRINGS, BODES, & 


JUNE 1, 1894. 
Wea es a 
American Wringer 0, 
(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 











































































The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 


the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide _ 


Hire-Purchase Dealers. 

The “‘ HOUSEHOLD”? WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER will fit on any tu» of any size or 
shape. 

Consider ng the quality of the materials used, the ‘“‘ HOUSEHOLD” 
W RINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


WHAT 18 THIS ? gage 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
We _ guarantee all 


rollers 








in our ma- 
chines to have an 





equal thickness of 





rubber to that shown 


n the sketch. 





LPLSLPD LADD DD 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
mide of Raw Hide, boxed iniron.: They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Onr new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


TOE AMERICAN WRINGER (9,, 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 


GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


Ile m-«st reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Mark. t 










SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with spec‘a’ 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





FT GOLD MEDAts 


KNITS ftock ngs ribbed or vlain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING in 
WOOL. SILK, or COTTON. IN TRUC- 
TIONS FREE. Lists 2d perp st 
TRIUMIHANT AWARL at PAJI.. The or'y 
WINNER the WOILD of GOLD MEDALS 


and % other Honours. HATRISO™ ENITYING MACHINF CO, 
Works: 48, Up er brook 3'.. Ma cboster. 





es NEW RARRISON 
















eel mere 7 










The New 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


is the only machine in the world 
which can knit every garment 
~ that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what could be Coie onthe 
‘‘New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, aod taousands of !aties 
who have entirely abolished hand koitting are now eirning go d 
incomes ai their own homes by these mashines, wich Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything in eituer suk, wool, or cotton. 






5 


~ // 


Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St. , Bolton. 


























A strikingly got up and neatly executed show card has just been 
issued by the Manchester Cycle Manufacturing Company, giving several 


photographic illustrations of various sections of their extensive 


factory. 
a 
The Overstone Cycle, Rim, and Tyre Company, Limited, Coventry, 
has recently been formed with a capital of £22,000 to take over and 
continue the business of Messrs. Lloyd, Read, & Co. 
»* 


* 

From America we hear of another new pneumatic tyre, designed by 
Mr. W. R. Barrett, of Passaic, N.J. It has an inflatable tube with the 
usual valve, an outer split cover with interlocking coils at the meeting 
edges, washers encircling the valve of the inner tube, while a flexible 
fastening rod has one end hela to one washer, and the other end screw 
threaded to engage the other washer. 

s 
s 

Not only in America, but at home also, a new invention in air tyres 
has been completed. For some time Mr. G. W. O. Walker, manager 
of the Glasgow Rubber Works, has been busy perfecting a pneumatic 
tyre for carts, busses, trams, &c., and recently a practical trial was 
made. A tyre constructed to Mr. Walker's plans was fitted to an 
omnibus at Glasgow, in which latter a large party was taken round the 
city with highly gratifying results, the jolting and shaking so com- 
mon to vehicles of this kind being almost entirely eliminated. 


. 
We understand that Messrs. Bradbury & Co., of Newgate Street, 
are prepared to arrange for agencies in Loz.don and the South for the 
sale of their three classes of “‘ Bradbury ” cycles. 
ar 


* 
New premises have just been opened at Viaduct Chambers, Holborn 
Viaduct, E.C., by the Cycle Rubber Works, Limited. 
os * 


* 

Messrs. Sharratt & Lisle, of the Star Cycle Works, Wolverham,ton, 
have just constructed a new machine to run on ordinary railway lines, 
the special use for which it is intended being to facilitate the work 
of the officials of colonial railways. : 

* 

Owing to an increasing business the Beeston Tyre Company have had 
to remove their Paris depot from Boulevard de Clichy to the “ Holborn 
Viaduct” of the gay city—Avenue de la Grande Armée. New premises 
have also been opened recently by the same company at 52, Queen 
Victoria Street, E.C. Pe 

Ps 

We have again to go to press without being able to announce the 
judgment in the “ Clincher’’ patent case, | The trade are much con- 
cerned ia this matter, but their anxiety will only be tried a few days 
longer. vers 


22 f The Journal of Domestic Appliances. 





At its general meeting on the 17th ult., the C.T.C. carried a propo- 
sition by 42 votes to 6 affirming the desirability of making arrange- 
ments whereby its members could obtain cycles on more advantageous 
terms than at present. This is by no means pleasing news for agents 
as the C.T.C. is an organisation of gigantic proportions. 

- * 


* 

Weare pleased to hear that Mr. H.S. Roberts, of Deanshanger, 
Stony Stratford, is having a good season. He informs us that he has 
still a few agencies open, and that our readers can sell his machines on 
easy terms without investing a single penny of their own capital in the 
business. He has at the moment an extraordinary good line, viz., a 
diamond frame pneumatic, to sell at £11 Los. 

= * 


* 

The American Wringer Company, of 122, Southwark Street, S.E., 
have commenced the manufacture of cycles in real good earnest They 
are specially catering for the supply of a medium-priced safety, suitable 
for an easy payment trade. Our readers should apply for their terms. 

os * 
* 

The St. George’s Cycle Company, of Upper Street, Islington, N., 
find little to complain of. When we called upon them the other day 
and were shown over their greatly enlarged premises they were without 
a single machine instock. As our readers know, they are not only 
makers of complete cycles, but also of parts and accessories. 

~ * 


We observe that the Royal Agricultural Hall, N., has been secures 


— 


JUNE T, 1894. 





by the officials of the ‘94 Stanley Show for the 18th annual exhibition of 
cycles, accessories, &c., and that the same will take place from Novem- 
ber 23rd to December Ist next. We note that the secretarial duties are 
now in the hands of Mr. K. A. Lamb, who succeeds Mr. Dring, 
and can feel assured that if Mr. Dring’s successor carries out the duties 
of his office with as much zeal, tact, and thoroughness as did that 
gentleman, the success of the show willbe as great as heretofore. 








A NEW USE FOR PRAMS. 


A remarkable wedding took place at the Bristol Registry Office 
recently. The bride, a prim woman of 43 years of age, wheeled into 
the office in an old-fashioned perambulator the bridegroom, a crippled 
man of 45, who from his birth had not been able to walk. He 
followed no occupation. When supported on his feet, so contorted 
were his legs that he was only 36 in. high. He asked that he should 
be married in the perambulator. Besides the usual questions the 
astonished officials asked the bride if she really knew what she was 
about. She replied that she was fully aware of what she was doing, 
and she wondered what the crowd of people outside were laughing at, 
as it was only awedding. The parties made the usual declaration as 
to no lawful impediment to their union, and they were duly married, 
and as the bride wheeled away her newly-won husband the happy 
couple wer2 followed by a large crowd who pelted them with rice. 


IMPORTANT NOTICE! 


THE 


“ROYAL GEORGE” 


CYCLES 


BEAR THIS TRADE MARK. 


CYCLES, 
FRAMES, 
WHEELS, 
TYRES, 
CEMENTS. 


REGIST. 120892 





ROUGH AND. FINISHED PARTS. 
REPAIRS 


FOR THE TRADE. 





Telegraphic Address : 


“ DIALLAGE, LONDON.” 





SADDLES, 
BAGS, 
LAMPS, 
BELLS, 
WRENCHES. 


























No. 200. 








NICKEL PLATING, 


STOVE ENAMELLING 
IN OUR FACTORIES 


FOR THE TRADE. 





Telegraphic Address . 


“ DIALLAGE, LONDON.” 


LTE RALITE. 
SEND TRADE CARD FOR LIST. TO 


Tae Sst. GEORGE'S CwCLEe Co., 
297 & 290) UPPER SmREET LONDON, N: 

















WRITE FOR CATALOGUES. 


BEDSTEAD as drawn ; 
inch Pillars; nine $ 
Rods; Brass Rails ; 
4 ft. Gin. x 6ft. Gin. 


Price 2S/G each. 


Ditto, with seven 2 inch 


Price 2 2/G each. 





PERAMBULATOR 
as drawn, Very Special 
Line, 20 x 20 Wheels, 


A. Price Z4&/- each. SS +2 
CHEAPEST HOUSE IN TRADE, 





inch 








Rods, 























LONDON BROS, Harford Street, BIRMINGHAM. 

















June 1, 1894, and Sewing Machine Gazette, 


The Kingsland Manufacturing Co., 


MAKERS OF GOOD, SOUND, RELIABLE 


Cee C Las 


At a Low Price, 























1894 

TS punto 
NY NS. veneue, 
ANS] 2810s 


Other Tyres at equally Low Prices. 


SEND FOR OUR 1894 LIST. 












































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































re 


dew Works: 


3, DOCWRA’S BUILDINGS, KING HENRY’S WALK, KINGSLAND, 
| LONDON. N. 
































a4 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


THE RELATION OF MACHINERY TO COM- 
MERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL DEPRESSION, 


The benefits. derived from the use of machinery have thus far out- 
rumbered the disadvantages, and there has been sufficient employment 
in most countries for the major part of the people; yet there have 
been serious industrial dislocations consequent upon the adoption of 
new processes by which the industrial and commercial interests of 
great populations have been-revolutionised, and much suffering brought 
to displaced artisans and labourers. A notable example of this is 
found in the effect of European machinery upon the hand-loom 
industry of India, whereby millions of handicraftsmen were forced 
into the already congested ranks of agricultural labour. Thus, closing 
the present account, a balance may appear to the credit of machinery ; 
but what of the future ? Indeed, what of the present? And what part 
machinery has played in bringing about the industrial world’s present 
unsatisfactory condition has recently engrossed the attention of our 
American contemporaries. 

Under the old industrial xegz7ve, exchanges were slow and of small 
volume, nearly every country providing the food its people consumed, 
the greater part of the textiles worn, and the metals used. It was not 
until feudalism died and industrialism found a home in the free cities 
that a man’s inventive faculties were brought into constant use other 
than as an aid to the armed hand of the ruler. The decay of feudalism 
was coincident with the development of industrialism, with the hirth 
of civic freedom, and with an enormous increase of mechanical aids to 
labour. ’ 

Fstimating the power of steam and exhibiting its beneficence, by 
showing the numbers of men and horses to which its applications are 
equivalent, has been, and still is, a favourite employment with those 
who only prate of ‘‘the progress of the race and the march of im- 
provement.” Few think it worth their while to attempt to either 
measure the present, proximate, or ultimate effect of such tremendous 
forces upon individual and national welfare and what’ must he the 
inevitable result if this ‘‘ march of improvement ” continues without a 
commensurate increase of the individual power to ccnsume on the part 
of the great mass of the populations. The mass is made up of wage 
earners and cultivators, and constitutes at least four-fifths and probably 
nine-tenths, of the world’s consumers of the products of manufacture 
Nor do those optimists ever stop to inquire if such an increase of con- 
sumptive power is probable or even possible. 

Fortunately for those living in the nineteenth century they came 
upon the stage at a time when a great part of the earth’s most pro- 
ductive areas, such as temperate North and South America, Australia, 
and a part of South Africa was being subdued ; when new regions 
were affording ample scope for enterprise and homes and employment 
for the immense swarms yearly leaving the European hive; when 
countries were being developed exceptionally productive of all the 
precious and useful metals, and, more important than all else, assuring, 
by their ability to grow a great surplus of food and fibre, the comfort 
of the new populations and those remaining in the ancestral lands. 
That is, conditions have been the most favourable possible fora great 
and wholly unexampled increase of agricultural, textile, and metal- 
liferous production and a rapid absorption of the products of manu- 
facture by new communities lacking the capital and equipment 
necessary for the domestic production of the wares required. The 
demands of the new communities for manufactures have been sup- 
plemented by those of the inferior races who are concurrently subjected 
to the domination of Western commerce, while the machine-made 
products of England, Holland,'France, and Flanders displaced those of 
the domestic hand-loom among the enormous populations of India 
and Asia generally. 

Under conditions which have existed respecting undeveloped 
agricultural areas; the facility with which the emigrating myriads 
were able to found new homes; the creation of new markets in the 
younger communities ; the extension of commerce among the inferior 
peoples; the coincident and consequent destruction of a very con- 
siderable part of the domestic industries of India and other Eastern 
countries ; the creation of vast manufacturing, transportation, and agri- 
cultural equipments, and the ease with which an adequate supply of food 
and fibre has been secured by the cultivation of newly subdued areas 
of surpassing fertility—all these, since the inventions of Watt, Whitney, 
Hargreaves, Arkwright, and Cartwright, have made it possible to 
multiply the productive power of each labour unit employed in 
manufacture and related industries almost indefinitely, without effect- 
ing such industrial and commercial dislocations as to cause widespread 
suffering, except in India and lesser districts. But these conditions 
no longer cbtaining, it becomes a very serious question how much 
further the progressive application of labour-saving devices can be 
carried without grave disturbance of both industrial and social con- 
ditions, unless there shall be a concurrent increase of individual 
power to consume commensurate with all increase, past and to 
come, of the unit power to produce. Hence the problem of the 
distant as well as the proximate future resolves itself into one of the 
possibility and probability of such an increase of the power to con- 
sume as will absorb not only all the commodities which an ircdustrial 
equipment and labour force already much too great can turn out, but 
all'that can result from further augmentation of each labour unit’s 
productive power. This is the most serious problem that has ever 
confronted the human race, and is the most serious it can ever con- 
front except the somewhat remote one of providing the food for a 
populaiion that now increases four times as fast as does the food-bearing 
area. 

This problem involves an inquiry as to the measure in which the 
unit power of production has increased this century, and in such con- 
sideration the 5z# of the United States of America advances some 
highly instructive data and able arguments which are reproduced in 
Invention. Adam Smith, we are reminded, died without a know- 
ledge of the condensing steam engine, the cotton gin, or the 
electric telegraph. He had never seen a railway, steamship, or 

grain harvester, and knew probably little of the spinning jenny, 
power loom, or of 1 per cent. cf the many thousands of labour- 
saving devices brought into use during the last hundred years 
that have certainly multiplied the unit power of production, in the sum 


* 


Jone r. 1894. 


of all manufactures not less than fiftyfold—and probably more than a 
hundredfald. In cotton spinning, one man and two boys now pro- 
duce as much yarn as did 1,100 spinners using the single-spindle hand 
wheel ; and one operative employed in weaving turns out forty to 
fifty times as much cloth as did the hand-loom weaver: It is-doubtful 
that there ever can be an equivalent increase of the unit power to 
consume cotton goods. 

In the case of woollen and other superior textiles, the increase of a 
unit productive has been less, yet it has been far in excess of any 
possible increase of the unit power to consume. Moreover, in most 
textile manufactures, the robust hand-loom weaver has given place to 
the female and child, and this sends the male descendants of the hand- 
loom operative to the recruiting field in-increasing numbers. 

Formerly, lace-making was a household industry of great importance 
in Western and Central Europe, but machine-made Ja e has displace | 
the greater part of the hand-made ; and while it is impossible closely 
to approximate the amount of labour thus displaced, it is very great, 
as has been the distress thereby brought to villager and peasant, whose 
meagre incomes have been cut in twain, with much of their purchasing 
power destroyed. Lace is a luxury, and while cheapened production 
has extended its use, this extension bears but a slight proportion to 
the labour displaced. 

Swiss watchmakers were able to turn out an average of forty watches 
a year. Each operative in an American factory turns out, we are told, 
from 250 to 300 watches yearly, machinery displacing fully 80 per 
cent. of the labour. While the lessened cost of watches has greatly 
extended their use, such extension is far from being commensurate 
with the increase of each Jabour unit’s productive power. When the 
whole population shall be fairly well supplied with an article so 
durable, and the cost of food shall absorb an increasing proportion of 
Ciminishing individual revenues, the power to consume watches will 
decline, and the displacement of labour will be severely felt in such 
communities as that of Switzerland. Even now the power to produc: 
is so excessive that prices are maintained only by combinations to 
restrict the number of watches made. With the multiple forms of 
wood-working machinery, the labour of one man now equals that of 
too in the days of Adam Smith, except in the finest cabinet and 
carriage work. Similar reductions have been made in the labour 
involved in the production of articles made of both wood and metal, 
and in all such forms the lessened cost of production increases con- 
sumption in only a small degree. 

In the paper-making and leather industries the labour displaced by 
improved processes averages, we understand, quile 95 per cent. 

The amount of labour displaced by machinery in the boot and shoe 
trade is a fairly well kept trade secret, but the proportion is very great, 
although the retail price of the product falls but slowly ; and th: 
increase of unit consumption 1s so slight as to afford no compensation 
for the increase of the unit power of production. In the very 
nature of the case there can be no great increase of the unit power to 
consume. 

Telephones are machines which have displaced labour by the 
elimination of the messenger, but they enable no one to consume 
the product of labour except as a result of their construction and 
maintenance. 

On the other hand, while the telegraph may be called a machine, it 
appears to have added to rather than diminished employment. This 
cannot be said of the general applications of electricity, which are 
daily displacing more and more labour. 

Railways have displaced the stage coach, the canal boat, the carter, 
and lake and river craft of every description ; still it is questionable 
if their construction and. equipment have not, till this time, added to 
the sum of employment ; but for the most of the civilised peoples 
the work of railway construction and equipment has largely been 
accomplished, and yet they may be looked upon as wholly beneficent, 
as aiding the labourer by increasing his mobility and distributing his 
products, which otherwise, in some cases, would decay at the place 
of production. In fact, railways and telegraphs differ radically from 
productive machinery, although they so greatly facilitate productio t 
by speedy communication and transport, and by bringing material 
with regularity to the place of conversion. Yet the sum of labour 
now employed in transporting by rail a given quantity of commodities 
is not more than half—if more than one-third—of what it was thirty. 
years since, and the power of the labour unit to transport increases 

early. : 

‘ A most notable instance of the increase of unif productive power 
is found in the latest forms of the printing press, which turns out 
hundreds, and probably thousands, of times as many square feet of 
printed matter for each pressman employed as did the hand-press of 
Franklin’s day. The type-setting machine is sending the compositor 
to the rear with great celerity, as other machines are sending to the 
rear the makers of the cheaper books, while diminishing the labour 
required on the higher priced. Unlike wheat, shoes, and such like 
indispensables, the lessened cost of printed matter increases the unit 
power to consume, but even here such increase is relatively small as 
compared. with an enormous increase of the unit power to produce. 

It is impossible to even approximate the increase of unit power of 
production in such employments as quarrying, mining, and the carriaze 
of sea-borne commerce, by reason of the application of labour-saving 
devices and the substitution of large steam craft for the smaller sailing 
vessels. The steam engine, electric lighting of mines, the diamo 1d 
drill, compressed air, coal and rock cutting machines, and an innu- 
merable array of other devices have lessened in an extraordinary 
degree the labour force required to accomplish a given end; just as 
the enlargement of the water craft and the railway vehicle and the 
substitution of steam for sails have increased immensely the unit 
power to move commodities and people by land, lake, river, 
and ocean. This displacement of labour, increasing now at a pro- 
gressive rate, has been accompanied by not the least increase of the 
unit power of the labour employed to consume the products of ovher 
labour, except in the measure of the reduction in. the “price of such 
products. 

In the conversion of ore and metals into useful forms, machinery 


‘and labour-saving processes have effected nearly as great an increase 


of the labour unit’s productive power as in the case of textiles, although 
the ratio of increase varies with every product. Still, each workman 


“JUNE 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. a5 





now employed in such industries has quite as great an average pro- 
ductive power as had 100 in the days of Adam Smith. ‘ 

For each operative employed, the Burden horseshoe machine turns 
out as many shoes as 500 blacksmiths can make with anvil and 
hammer: and a single nail-making machine turns out for each labour 
unit employed more nails than 1,000 men could shape by hand. — 

Although in agriculture the displacement of labour by machinery 
has been relatively much less than in other forms of production, even 
in the United States, Canada, Australasia, and Great Britain, where 
alone it has come into general use, yet so great has been its effect 
that Mulhall estimates the productive power of one unit of American 
agricultural labour as equal to that of nine in Europe. If the small 
size of most European holdings did not preclude the use of machinery, 
there can be no doubt that the displacement of agricultural labour 
upon the Continent would be nearly as great as in the United States. 
In America, notably in the northern and western States, the use of 
farm machinery has been stimulated by scarcity of labour in recent 
periods and by the size of farms. Large farms render profitable the 
use of appliances that the occupier of the small holding can afford 
neither to buy nor to operate, and this, again, has a very pronounced 
tendency to increase the size of farms. 

Probably the use of labour-saving devices and the cessation in large 
part of forest removal, have, since 1850, quintupled the productive 
power of each labour unit employed upon American farms; but it is 
certain that this increase of the unit power to produce has, so far as 
the whole food-consuming populations of the temperate zones are 
concerned, been off-set by but slight increase of the unit’s power to 
consume farm products; and the excessive production of food by 
reason of the cultivation of too many acres, facilitated and made 
possible in some degree by machinery, has greatly reduced the power 
of the labour units employed on the farms in the United States, as 
elsewhere, to buy of the products of the fabricant’s labour. So far as 
food staples are concerned, machinery, from the very nature of things, 
exerts a most disastrous effect upon the agricultural wage worker by 
lessening his employment without the possibility of compensation for 
the community by increase of unit consumption of farm products. 
Machinery has driven the farm labourer out of the field and to the 
crowded railway, mine, and factory, where he competes with others for 
employment rapidly growing relatively less. 

Had it been possible to reduce to the American ratio the labour 
required to cultivate a given number of acres in Europe, India, China, 
and Japan, and had the displaced workers been forced into the ranks 
of those fabricating and distributing wares, as they necessarily must 
have been, what a frightful condition would now be that of the wage 
earners of all lands! Yet this would have been but a further exhibi- 
tion of ‘‘ the progress of the race and the march of improvement.” 
When we contemplate the possibility of such conditions, we can heartily 
commend the wisdom of the Chinese ruler who, legend hath it, 





OUR TRADE 


caused all the farm machinery in the Empire to -be destroyed 
and its reconstruction prohibited upon pain of death, because 
it robbed the people of the employment necessary to their very 
existence. Riis ; 

Were it possible to substitute machinery for hand labour in India 
in the same ratio to cultivated acres as in the United States, nearly or 
quite half of a population of 309,0c0,000 would, it is contended, thereby 
be deprived of the work and earnings absolutely necessary to their 
existence, as there is no other possible employment. 

The industrial equipment of the western nations is quite sufficient 
to supply the whole world’s population with much more of nearly 
every product of manufacture than can possibly be consumed. There 
are great aud rapidly increasing additions to the industrial equipment 
of India, China, Japan, and even of such countries as Afghanistan, by 
the adoption of western processes and the best machinery of European 
make. The cultivator’s power to purchase has been greatly diminished, 
the world over, by reason of excessive additions to the cultivated 
acreage, made mostly in the United States since 1870. The revenues 
and expenditures of artisan and labourer everywhere are steadily 
decreasing because of lack of work, due to the inability of cultivators 
to buy as largely as formerly of the product of others, and by reason 
of the enormously increaszd power of each industrial unit to pro- 
duce. Vast masses of labour are partially idle, and retain but little 
purchasing power, which have heretofore been engaged in the con- 
struction of steamships, railw.ys, and existing industrial equipments. 
All this being so, it would be wholly unaccountable had not activity 
and prosperity given place to stagnation, vanishing profits, lower 
wages, idleness, and distress, as well as to a constantly diminishing 
ability to consume wares for the production of which the available 
labour is as excessive as the equipment. 

Excessive power to fabricate has destroyed much of the powec to 
consume the products of manufacture ; and the low price of food and 
fibre, due only to an excess of cultivated areas and the resulting excess 
of agricultural production, intensifies this inability to consume by 
diminishing the landowner’s and the cultivator’s power to command 
the products of others. 

In short, the commercial and industrial world suffers from such aa 
excess of all furms of productive power as greatly to lessen the con- 
suming power of ay given population for everything except indispen- 
sable articles of food. And this is wholly due, according to our 
American contemporary, to an increase of the unit power to produce 
fabrics ; that is, machinery alone has produced this condition. 

Only in the directioa of soil production is there any great and, at the 
same time, lasting improyement probable, or even possible ; and here 
only because of man’s inability to multiply, with all the aids at his 
command, the acres which are actually or potentially productive, and 
which are now so nearly occupied as to not much longer make it 
possible to produce a plethora of grain, meat, and cotton, &c. 


DIRECTORY. 





SEWING MACHINES AND ACCESSORIES. 
Machines & Coudre. 


Baer & Rempeél, Bielefeld, the’ Phoenix.” 

Bradbury & Co., Ltd., Wellington Works, Oldham, and branches. 

Bradbury, C., 249A, High Holborn, London, W.C., Grimme, Natalis, 
& Co.'s machines. 

Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., 59, Holborn Viaduct, E.C , 
the Branston Two-reel machine. 

Bishop’s Cluster Co., 147, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C.,the Gloria 
machine and others. 

Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham, Lancs., the Eclipse machine. 

Jones Sewing Machine Co., Ltd., Guide Bridge, Jones’ machines. 

Kimball & Morton, Ltd., Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, the Lion machine 
and others. 

Lohmann, C., Aldersgate Street, London, E,C., the Electra machine and 
others. 

Murdoch, J. G. & Co., Ltd., 91, Farringdon Road, London, E.C., 
various machines. 

National Sewing Machine Co., Fetter Lane, E.C., the National 
machine. 

Patent Button Hole Machine Co:, 4, Newgate Street, London, E.C. 

Pfaff, G. M., 132, Wool Exchange, London, the Pfaff. 

Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C., the high arm 
Naumann machines and others. 

Singer Manufacturing Co., 39, Foster Lne, London, and branches. 

Gordon & Gotch, 15, Bride Street, London, E.C., the Domestic. 

Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., Lim., Albion Street, Birmingham, 
Daniel Jones’ Patent Two-reel machine. 

Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley, Yorks, the Cyclops machine. 

Vertical Feed Co., 24, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Vertical 
Feed Machine. 

Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. ; 4 

White Sewing Machine:Co., 48, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., the White 
machine. 

Wheeler & Wilson Co., 21, Queen Victoria Street, E,C., the Wheeler 
and Wilson machine. 


Webster, H., 442 & 444, Harrow Road, London, W., the New Home 

machine. 4 
Zschwinzscher, G., 102, Fenchurch Street, E.C.,-Biesolt & .Locke’s 

machines. : : ee . 
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 
Bell, W. and Co., 95. New Bond Street, Lofidon, W. 
Grover and Wood, 62, Glengall Road, London, S.E. 
Lohmenn, C., address given above. 
Murdoch, J. G. and Co., Ltd. (automatic, etc.), do. 
Peters and Co.. do. 84, Oxford Street, London, W. 
Whight, G. and Co., Regent Street. 
KNITTING MACHINES. 
Machines a Tricoter. 

Biernatzki and Co., 44, Mansfield Road, Nottingham. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Harrison Knitting Machine Co., Manchester. 
Rothwell & Co, Lim., Bolton. 
Stibbe, G., 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 


BEDSTEADS. 
Atlas Bedstead Co., Bilston, Staffs. 
WASHING AND WRINGING MACHINES. 
Machines a Laver. 
Acme Machine Co., Henrietta Street, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
American Wringer Co., 122, Southwark Street, London, S.E., 
rubber wringers. 
Cherry Tree Machine Co., Cherry Tree, Lancs., washers and mangles. 
Kimball & Morton, Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
Taylor & Wilson, Atlas Works, Accrington. 
BICYCLES. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Oxford Cycle Co.,-Oxford. ws sees 
St. George’s Cycle Co , Upper Street, London, N. 
Roberts, H. S., Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, Bucks. 
Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C. 
Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 





26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


LOOK! Agents wanted to introduce 
reliable cycles at popular prices on the easy= 
payment system. Dunlop Pneumatic Safeties 
from £10 105. Handsome commission paid 
< immediately the order is accepted. No further 
NS ea trouble; no risk —Address, Manager, Ivanhoe 
orks, Cas le Cary, Bath. 






Cycle Ww 


GENCIES. — CHARLES J. WEBB (ten years 

Manager for Bradbury & Co., Lim.), having opened Show 

Reoms in central position, wants good Agencies, either buying or 
otherwise.—Address, 75, Stokes Croft, Bristol. 








WANTED, ADDRESS of German firm making 
High-Arm C or Medium Machine fox the slidirg Face Plate, 
forming zig-zag stitch.— Belton, 58, Oxford Street, Wellingborou zh. 








ig we MANUFACTURERS.—A Merehant, with ten 

years experience in South American Markets, and dealing at 
J resent only in Sew ny Machines, intends adding a full line of domestic 
machinery, cycles and novelties, either comsignment or purchase. 
Send catalogues and prices to ‘‘ American,” care of Advertising 
Offices, 1€3, Queen Victoria S'reet, E.C. 





PTRAVELLER WANTED to appoint Purchasing 
* Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful invention in 
Knitting Machines before the Trade. Only serious men holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 
Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 


WANTED, AGENTS for the NEW ROTHWELL 

CIRCULAR AND FLAT KNITTING MACHINES. 
For terms, &c., apply to W. Rothwell & Co., Limited, Albert Works, 
Bridgman Street, Bolton. 








GT. GEORGE'S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 

Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1894 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, and stove -enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 


was the novelty of the National Show. 

£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 

ditch, London, or Birmingham. 








June 1, 1894, 
THE IDEAL KNITTER,.—The Machine, at last, 


which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere), 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented. —Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 





CY CLES.— Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 

pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 
your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 
wanted everywhere.—78 to 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. 


H ARPER TWELVETREES, 
1 aundry Machinery, wishes to appoint a 
SOLE AGENT 
in every Town not yet represented, Liberal Terms tothe Trade for 
cash, or quarterly accounts upon application.—Harper Twelvetrees 
8, City Road, London. 





Manufacturer of 





O!LS.— Our Cash Prices for Sewing Machine Oils 
are: 202. I4S., 3 0z. I16s., 4 oz. 18s. per gross, in panelled 
bottles. Oil guaranteed the best, or oils matched.—Address, The 


““Manager,”” Lady Bridge Oil Works, 54, Spring Stree:, Hull. 
S EWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 


first-class make of Machines to push, stould apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manuf cturing Company, 
Glasgow 


VV ANTED, ADDRESSES of Wholesale Traders in 
novelties of merit——F ancy Repository, 88, Cheetham Street, 
Rochdale. 


AGENTS WANTED, to sell Priestley’s Improved 


Charcoal Smoothing or Laundry Irons, and Coal Economisers, 
&c. Manufacturers, Priestley & Co., Gibbet Street, Halifax, Yorks. 














WANTED, First-class PURCHASING AGENTS 

for the Rothwell Knitting Machines. Will give sole agency 
and most liberal terms to good men.—Apply, W. R. & Co., Ltd. 
Albert Works, Bridgman Street, Bolton. 











A MEMBER of the H.T.P,A., having extensive show 

rooms in central position in a good town, is open to receive on 
consignment and to purchase for prompt cash, saleable lines in 
Domestic Machinery, Furniture, Cycles, Bassinettes, Musical Instru- 
ments, &c.—Address, ‘‘ Alpha,’”’ c/o Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





JOHN GOUGH & CO., 


| WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS, 
20 GROSS STREET, SWAN STREET, MANCHESTER, 








BASSINETTES, 


Ee 








SSINETTES, 


In Enmdiess Variety. 


PATENT RUN-STRAIGHT BASSINETTES. 
GOOD SALEABLE DESIGNS AT VERY LOW PRICES. 


Travelling Trunks from lis. per Nest of Four. 


PNEUMATIC TYRE CYCLES SS. 


FURNITURE OF EVERY DisSO ieleg 20% 


CARPETS, OILCLOTHS, LINOLEUMS, UPHOLSTERERS’ TRIMMINGS. 


_ CLEVELAND AMERICAN ORGANS. 
MEISSLER & ALBERT BROWNE PIANOFORTES. 


FULL LISTS ON APPLICATION. 





JUNE 1, 1804. and Sewing Machine Gazette.: 


BiG DISCOUNTS. Bi PROFITS. 


VACANCIES in a FEW TOWNS for LIVE AGENTS. 


27 





NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE, 








IF YOU WANT TO SEW 





NYTHING, 
NYWHERE, Ay 





NY SHAPE, 
NY TIME, 


“ATHE'NO,9” ISEVERREADY TODOIT.): 


It took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading machines of the world as the most advanced 
sewing machine mechanism. 


The rotary principle is the true one and wins every time. 
Agents wanted wherever not represented. Address for terms, 
WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CO., 
2!, Queen Victoria Street, London E.G, 





* 











The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JUNE 1, 1894. 


























The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 


Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., South Street, 


Finsbury, London, E.C. 


Patent Agents, 4, 


APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


7,641. L. E. Blackwell and P. R. Harrison, for improvements in 
sewing machines. 
7,831. J. Harrop, for improvements in or applicable to children’s 
mail-carts. 
7,852. W. A. Plunkett, for improvements in the mode of working 
sewing machines. 
8,196. J. Whitehead, for improvements in lubricators for cycles, 
bassinettes and machinery. 
_ 8,309. W. P.-Thompson, a communication from J. Ericson, of 
“Germany, for improvements in or appertaininy to baby carriages. 
' 8,323. J. A. B. Fraser, for impruved apparatus for driving sewing 
machines. 
8,347. R. Wallwork, for improvements in knitting machines. 
8,396. H. Sargent, for improvements in sewing machines. 
8,437. D. Neilson, J. Brodie, R. Neilson, forimprovements in and re- 
lating to sewing machines. 
8,522. W. Bowden, for improved means for sewing tucks on 
cloth. 





' §8,€08. W. P. Thompson, a ccmmunication from J. L. Branson, of 


United States, for improvements in kni!tirg machines. 


> 8,858. A. E. Parsons, Sidlesham, Chichester, for improvements in 


séwing machines. 


19,116. C. Coleman, for improvements in self-locking adjustable 





‘joints for attaching shafts to mail-carts, perambulators, and similar 


vehicles. 

9,131. H. H. Lake, a communication from Jones’ Special Sewing 
Machine Company, of United States, for improvements in sewing 
machines. 

9,142. W. H. Brickley, for improvements in sewing machines. 

9 202. W. H. Farmer and G. Taylor, for improvements in plaiting 
machines. 

9,312. G. Stibbe and J. Howie, for improvements in and relating to 
knitting machines of the ** Lamb ” class. 

9,381. H. J. Haddan, a communication from the Goodyear Shoe 
Machinery Company, of United States, for improvements in boot and 
shoe sewing machines. 

9,459. H. Kiddier, for improved apparatus applicable to straight 
bar knitting machines. 

ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 

9,516. Driving Mechanism for Sewing Machines. D. Jones and H. 
P. Trueman, both of The Two-Reel Lock Stitch Sewing Machine 
Company, Limited, of Birmingham. Dated May 12th, 1893. 

In hand driving mechanism for sewing machines a flexible band is 
employed, having holes formed therein adapted to engage with studs 
or pins on the driving and driven wheels respectively, to prevent 
slipping and ensure a positive motion. A folding crank arm is also 
employed, adapted to be fixed at varying distances from its centre. In 
some cases the folding crank arm has a spring wound abcut its pivot 
and a stop peg to limit the motion. 

11,99. Button-hole Sewing Machine. 
Dated June 17th, 1893. 

For the purpose of making button-holes of any desiyed shape or 
form, apparatus is constructed upon the following principle :—A needle 

’ capable of moving laterally while performing its vertical reciprocating 
‘motion is combined with a device adapted to retain in position the 
fabric or material in which the button-holes are to be made, and to 
move it in the direction.corresponding to the shape or outline of the 
button-hole in course of formation. 

24,086. Straight-bar Knitting Machine. W.S. Ward and H. F. 
Lancashire, of Nottingham. Dated December 14th, 1893. 

Relates to the employment of improved apparatus, to be used in 
conjunction with a straight-bar knitting machine. By employing nar- 
rowing point boxes fitted with jacks to carry extra points to make 
perforations, instead of the points being fixed as heretofcie, it is pos- 
sible when required by automatically lifting one of the points to cease 
making any given hole or to make perforations in the fabric with per- 
fect lines and salvages through the narrowings. 

24.893. Overhead Sewing Machine. W. Webster, of Germaine 
Works, Armley, Leeds. Dated December 27th, 1893. 

The improvements consist of a curved rotary needle, having curved 
recesses or notches formedin one or both sides; toothed driving 
wheels, the teeth of which are split or grooved and shaped so as to 
span and drive the needle at the same time ; also a method of driving 
by gear wheels the shafts upon which the toothed driving wheels are 
fixed. The thread cylinder has a conoidal end. either plain or with 
spiral screw threads of a left hand twist formed thercon. Inte1change- 
able loose ends airanged to fix on the end of the thread cylinder, 
cither plain or with spiral screw threads of a Jeft-hand twist formed 


J. Gutmann, of Berlin. 





thereon. Means of regulating the endwise movement of the thread 
cylinder and traverse rod, for the purpose of varying the tension on 
the sewing by applying tension to the traverse rod, such tension being 
obtained by a clip-hook lever and adjustable weight. A peculiar con- 
straction of presser foot is also described. 

2,938. Swiss Sewing Machine. J. Chirrey, of Glasgow. 
February roth, 1894. 

Consis ts of the employment in a Swiss sewing machine of a holder 
for holding the work in position without sewing or basting, while a 
monogram or other device is being sewn, made preferably with a V 
groove, into which the cloth or handkerchief is pressed and held by 
means of a spring exactly fitting the V grove. 

3,528. Sewing Machines. R. Appel, of Frankfurt, Germany. Dated 


Dated 


! February 19th, 1894. 


The hollow presser foot is so constructed that the piping or striping 
may be executed at one operation. 
UN TED Sa AD ES (RATE Nias! 
IssUED AND DATED APRIL IOTH, 1894. 
517,853. J. M. Farmer, Milwaukee, Wis., sewing machine needle. 
518,156. K. Necker, Berlin, Germany, machine for sewing beads to 
fabrics. 
ISSUED AND DATED APRIL 247TH, 1894. 
518,623. J. E. Oliver, Kansas City, Mo., work guiding device for 
sewing machines. 
518,836. H. A. Dodge, Boston, and W. T. Richards, Newton, Mass., 
wear compensating device for needle bars of sewing machines. 
518,911. H. Briggs, Hasbrouck Heights, N-J., take-up for shoe 
sewing machines. 
IssUED AND DATED May 1581, 1894, 
519,134. W. R. Parsons, Chicago, IIl., attachment holder for sewing 
machines, 
519,170. J. L. Branson and S. S, Cook, Philadelphia, Pa., circular 
knitting machine. 
519,227. J. T. Billman, Litchfield, II]., sewing machine fan. 
519,258. G. P, Hill, Richmond, Va., darning or embroidering 
frame. 
519,260. J. K. Hunter, Owensborough, Ky., snap slide for sewing 
machines. 
IssUED AND DATED May 81H, 1894. 
519,428. J. T. Jones, Utica, N.Y., cop holder for sewing machine 
shuttles, 
519,539. W. A. Mack. Norwalk, Ohio, thread gripping mechanism 
for sewing machines, 
519,676, J. T. Jones, Utica, N,Y., sewing machine, 
519,690. F, Chambers and T, Dodd, Camden, N.J., stop off motion 
for knitting machines. 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
4) Tron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Bassi- 
\ nettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
and best workmanship at low prices. for 
= cash. 


THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 








Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at 
WHOLESALE PRICES. ' 2 


Sk = Organette for GBS = Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 


Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 








3 Stops, 








B 
VYox-humana, y Royal 
E ssion Letters 
ae ‘ Patent. 
and Flute. ; 
Two 
C lete Mere 
aa f Child 
ets o 
can Play it. 
Reeds. y 


Wy 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., etc. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 


knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 





For PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD.,, 











who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc. in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Yan Wheels, 
a large quantity always in stock. 


SIMEPIECES 16/6 PHR DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE. 


JULY 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. : 3 


FAFF sou TT Le “MACHINES, 





made in two sizes, = —__ 

E and F,are speci- 
ally adapted for 
MANUFACTURING 
PURPOSES 10r all 
kinds of plain work, , 
for dressmakers, for 
linen, corset, hosiery, 
and boot Factories. 


HEADS ONLY, to be a 
driven by power for Made for Hand 'or Treadle. 
Factory trade. SIMPLE,DURABLE, and LIGHT-RU NNING. 


Manufactured by: i 


G. M. PFAFF, Kaiserslautern. 
















































































= 
































—_ | 


SOLE IMPORTERS FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM: 


WILHELM & G0, 132, Wool Exchange, LONDON, E.C. 
SPECIAL NOTICE—IMPORTANT T0 THE TRADE. 


THE “NEW BRANSTON” 


Va Ay 5 AA! Pe 
Tywo-Keel Sewing Machine Go, 
LIMITED, 

Having completed their factory, and the Machinery for producing their 
new Patent Two-Reel Sewing Machine, which makes a PERFECT 
LOCK-STITCH, WORKING DIRECT FROM TWO ORDINARY REELS 
OF COTTON, DOING AWAY WITH ALL WINDING OF SPOOLS, invite 
Dealers and Users to inspect same at their Showrooms: 


59, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 


The Company are ready to appoint responsible Agents in each 
district for the sale of their Machines, and invite applications for 
agencies. Thisis agood opportunity for any Dealer to combat with 
the competition of the present day. at | 


HAND, FAMILY, AND MANUFACTURING MACHINES, 








The Journal of Domestic Appliances JuLy 2, 1894. 


BIESOLT & LOCKE, Wifissin, SAXONY, 


1869. 





ESTABLISHED 


e NON- = pane WITHOUT 











































































































































































































































































































: , _ Perfected ictoee Hand and Treadle Sewing Machines for 
= Domestic and Trade use. 12 patentedi improvements, Working 































































































































































































B. & L. Machine re B. high-arm ‘Ge eee. use a New parts finest tempered steel. Appearance superb. Undoubtedl 
} ihe ) q y p Wale the best Machine in the market. Silent, uniform, rapid, ae 
and, movement. 


SPECIALITY-SACK-SEWING and is aS NORNE’ > SACK-CUTTING MACHINES. 


HOLESALE AG 


G. ZSCHWINZSCHER, 102, Fenchurch Street, LONDON, E.C. 


AGENTS WANTED. 


G. H. WELLS & CO.,/BENSON, LEES, & 60., 


Saber -END ae WORKS, 








MANUFACTURERS, 
PHENIX WORKS, BISHOP STREET, BIRMINGHAM. DUKINFIELD, near MANCHESTER, 
ESTABLISHED 1862. Makers of all kinds of Cycle Tyres, Cushions, and Solids, also 
= Bassinette Tyres and Cement, which cannot be equalled at the price. 
HAMMOCKS (The es Wonder. ”) WHOLESALE AGENTS— 
LONDON : - ScoTLAND ; BELFAST ; 
Mounted on four 20-inch Wheels, all complete. : . : 
Dd eR ok ace The American The Victoria B. Johnston & Co., 
iolesale Trade only 24s. each, or 22s. 6d. each for a F ‘ 
order of twelve. ite Wringer Co., Manufacturing Co. by 
29, York Street, 
122, Southwark Street, | 78 to 82, Hanover St., 
PARTICULARS and DRAWING ON APPLICATION, S.E. Glasgow. Belfast. 





ENTWISLE & KENYON’S 
Accrington Mangles 


Keishley Prices. 
DESIGNED FOR HARD USAGE. 


No BETTER SEASONED ROLLERS IN EXISTENCE. 
ee 


Write for List or send your Name on post card 
and Traveller shall call. 


OTHER SPECIALTIES IN 
Carpet Sweepers, Meat Choppers, Step 
Ladders, Draught Excluders, dc. 


ENTWISLE & KENYON, 


_ACCRINGTON. 











JULY 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 5 


BRADBURY'S SEWING MACHINES |BRANBURY & Co. 


Are the Simplest, and require least attention, 
J D, 
BRADBURY’S SEWING [JACHINES Sa 
OLDHAM, 


MAKERS OF 
BRADBURY'S SEWING MACHINES) GycuEs, 


Have more Patenicd aeons than any SMALL BENCH 

i DRILLING 
BRADBURY’S SEWING [JACHINES MACHINES, 
Are the quickest and simplest Lock-stitch Machines CAPSTAN LATHES, 


in the world. SLIDE LATHES, 
BRADBURY’S SEWING MACHINES HAND LATHES, 


Make a beautiful and perfect Lock-stitch on all 
materials. 





























Best Machines for Dealers. CUTTER GRINDING 
|2\ | BRADBURY'S SEWING \ACHINES| | MACHINES, 
WELLINGTON il} » EUROPEAN Have obtained the Highest Awards at all the] PUNCHING 
Oepaad s rR : > alain E Great Exhibitions. Over 200 First Prizes. MACHIN ES, 
BRADBURY’S SEWING [MACHINES | staMPING 
Have been awarded 13 Gold Medals since 1879, MACHINES, 
"| BRADBURY’S SEWING MACHINES | MILLING MACHINES, 


&ec., &e: 






Liberal Terms to Agents. 


ain | x ; BRADBURY'S § EWING MACHINES Estimates and Catalogues Free 
Machine Tools for Electrical Engineers, rea pgs apostate Districts, Oy seaicamon aa 





Bradburys Bassinettes. 


BRADBURY’S No. 34. BRADBURY’S No. 30. 







































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































=== 
Handsome Landau body, with oval ends and ornamental beading 
on the sides, elegantly painted in coach style, upholstered in the oest 
woollen carriage cloth. The body is suspended by strong straps to © 


Handsome Wood body, with square ends, handsomely painted in buff shackle see mounted on 25 in. tubber RES We Mo . 
in relief. Wheels, axles, springs, &c., painted to match the body. Fitted with twisted brass handle levers, China handle, well cover, t ee 
Suspended by straps to semi-circular springs, mounted on 23 in, loose cushions, cloth lined straps, and reversible hood with twisted 


wheels, fitted with two turned wood handles, &c, It is upholstered in 
ight coloured Crockett’s leather, with tan hood. 


BRADBURY & CO., Ltd, WELLINGTON WORKS, OLDHAM. 


brass joints, 











6 The Journal of Domestic=Appliances JULY 2, 1894 
cn ee 


JEPSON’S 


~ MBROANTILE DIRECTORY 


AND 


" MANUFACTURERS’ GUIDE, 


ESTABLISHED 1878, 








THE TIMES says :—“ Jepson’s Directory is indispensable to anyone engaged in a large business.” 





ORNER from any BOOKSELLER, or from the HEAD OFFICE, 17, COLEMAN STREET, E.C. 
For ADVERTISEMENT SCALE, apply to the Head Office, 


17, COLEMAN STREET, E.C., 
OR TQ 


-SBLL' ADVERTISING OFFICE, FLEET STREET,  &.C. 


MANUFACTURERS OF 


Washing, Wringing, & Mangling Machines 


OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 






Our Productions have cbtained 


00 Medals & First Awards, 





Turnout—000 MACHINES PER WEEK. 


WANTED—All Mangle Buyers to send Post Card for Catalogue and Reduced Lists. 


Jury 2, 1894 ~ and Sewing Machine Gazette 7 


LEON LHOLLIER, 


4,5, 6, 7, 8, BATH PASSAGE, 
BIRMINGHAM, 


Has great pleasure in informing you that his NEW ILLUSTRATED 
LIST for 1894 is now ready, and will be sent FREE upon application. 
It is a List of 96 pages, 
the most complete the 
Trade has ever seen, 
and full of all the recent 
Inventions. 
lt also includes 38 
Designs of the 


RENOWNED HAMMOCK 
(Patent No. 56). 
This is the same Ham- 
mock Patent that has 
caused such a sensation 
in the Pram Trade, and 
which was reinstated by 
Act of Parliament in June, 

1892, 

L. L’'HOLLIER is most 
happy to state that he has 
concluded a special ar- 
rangement with the Paten- 
tees of this valuable Patent, 
by which he has acquired 
the right (under a License) 
to make and sell this popu- 
lar article for the remain- 
ing term of the Patent. 

Infringements of this 
Patent have taken place, 
with the result that the 
infringing Firms have been, 
and are being, called to 
account, 

L.L’HOLLIER therefore 
cautions his numerous 
Friends and Sustomers 
that in future this Ham- 
mock can only be obtained 
from himself or from the 
Patentees, 


This wonderful Hammock is a most extraordinary success. L. L. is simply astounded 
at the large and numerous orders being received avery day. 





Le Se 


;lhe Journal of Domestic Appliances JULY 2, 1894. 


NOTHMAN N Sewing Machines. 










































































































































NOTHMANN’S Ee 
NEW SHUTTLE, NOTENARN'S 
WITH LID. PATENT 
NOISELESS 
TAKE-UP. 





With this New Shuttle ALL IMPORTANT PARTS ARE 



























































: A LE. 
the insertion of the Bobbin ADJUSTAB 

= FIRST-CLASS 
See ae = WORKMANSHIP. 



























































= SILENT MOTION. 
= GREAT DURABILITY. 


GEBR,. NOTHMAN, Sewing Machine BERLIN, 


ras HAGE EOS ou, E. RAUSNITZ, 184, Aldersgate Street, LONDON, E.C. 


Illustrated Price List free on application. Sub-Agencies for any town or district arranged. 


Missing CAPPIAgE «wo » THEMARVEL, 


Made in three Classes 
CLASS A. Papier-maché body, well 
painted and upholstered, wood 








is exceedingly ‘Simple. 






























































hammock handles, wheels, 20in.x20in- 


PRICE 24/- EACH. 


Or 22/6 each for an order of six. 


CASH WITH ORDER. 


























































































































SEE THE | 
CARTETTE, 


Circular wicker body, bent shafts, | 
21 in. wheels, | 
8/- each or 7/6 each per dozen order. | 


FULL JLLUSTRATED PRICE LIST on Application. | 








GH. WELLS & CO ssrunewrrnee BISHOP ae BIRMINGHAM 


Juny 2, 1894: 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 9 


MILNE’S IMPROVED NEW DESIGN 2-ROLLER MANGLE. 


: ENTIRELY NEW FEATURES. 


The old-fashioned bow-spring done away 
with, and in its place a Steel Spiral 
Spring, with two pressure levers. 

The gearing all to one end. 

No Star Wheels. The upper roller is 
driven through two stud wheels, so that 
the rollers may be re-dressed when required 
without altering the.gearing, as is necessary 



































vil < 
| 








= an with Star Wheels. 
eek. VERY EASILY DRIVEN. 


aT This is a STRONG, SUBSTANTIAL MANGLH, 
] the 24-inch weighs 294 lbs. 




















































































— Manufactured solely by — 
GEORGE MILNE, 
SHIELDS ROAD, 
GLAS G Ovw. 


DDIILAIIVS™ 





AUMNMIATINATT Te 






TTT 


ere esentative in London— 
MR. CHARLES WATT, 
23, BUCKLERSBURY, MANSION HOUSE, E.C., 


from whom Prices and all particulars may 
be obtained, 



























































































































































































AGENTS WANTED. Special Terms to those 
doing a Hire Purchase Trade. Write for List 


and Terms. 





MANUFACTURED BY 
EAR RWYW ss. ROBERTS, 
# CYCLE # WORKS, & 
DEANSHANGER, STONY STRATFORD, BUCKS. 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances Jury 2, 1894. 


JAMES LLOYD & CO. 


London Represp ntative : HORST sSsTREET, 


mt Bee BIRMINGHAM. 
i ‘ 





















































The ‘above t three out of our six leading lines, and are regular Goods, which can be 
: epeated all through the Season. 


Write fat once for our “ No. 4” LIST, containing over 100 designs of 
INVALID CARRIAGES, MAIL CARTS, and BASSINETTES, including a 
large variety of HAMMOCKS suspended by Straps. 


_ CHEAP BUT NOT CHEAP. 


WHERE are two values to a purchase—what it costs, and what it is worth. 
When one buys a poor article in store or market and it fails to please, the 
amount paid is forgotten or considered as thrown away. The dealer from whom it 
was bought is not forgotten and must bear the blame. But the best goods, 
Honght at a fair price, that never disappoint, afford lasting pleasure and satisfaction. 





Weare able to offer you the best, and, based on real merit, the cheapest. Not 
the lowest in price. No person could expect to get the best goods at the price 
charged for second or third best. 


el Det not compare our prices with those that may be offered for an inferior article 
without! giving due consideration to the difference in value, and remember that the 
success, ‘of your business depends on the satisfaction of your customers. 


Because you can buy other machines at a less price they are not cheaper. 
' You must sell them lower because others do. And above all you cannot 
afford ;to recommend or supply to your customers poor goods of any description. 
Certainly not a sewing machine, which if well made and ‘properly cared for should 
| last aflife time. 


the “Vertical Feed” is cheap at our prices. A poor machine is dear at 





ct 


The. Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Co., 


24 ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON,E.C. 


DPOSPPOHSOTOLH SSS SO HSOHOO OD SOPOSPOLO PHOS HOSS SOHHTHGOSSHOSSOOOSOOSOOOOE 





and Sewing Machine Gazette, 1f 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 


JuLy 2, 1894. 
SPECIAL. LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 




















London Agent — 
ifr. GEO. PEARCE, 


description 





and 
quality, 39, Holborn 
we Viaduct, 
suit 
E.C. 
all ‘i 
Trades. UNG. CU FS a 
tj S = 5 Kee : : AN is Q J oe 
== NARS \S “Galaloque AS 


' 





(= THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR C0., Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAW, 
TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE. 





TWH 
i is) Sey 
5 fel Oy ys] Ge} 
OSASSSS Lo. 
2S AIS sts sy evet A 
o s ew s Oo & 
a Na 6 SRapeesioaa) See Sl 
Si ase 8S eB es ss Ss Seo 
Qf Fssasgsr SSAS SP TOSS w 
SSsse28 ess 8 3 82's vs Ov” I) > Snein 
S Re SSeS SS Seles G5 G2 ES Sean 
DPS OO eS eS ey = 2 hy OPsto, 
Sa SoS 2), Saeeos Ono S > Sn Oo Se See LS os Oe 
yi ee) aac ~ & D Av) 5 CT oy uv OS “as 
STS FSEEM SSS Se eS ee o Se S55 OS ZIS STE § Oe 
Serres Pes, “SISTERS SE ew dss ze MVP esse 
. = 2 
See CSRS eS 2o 8 MESES SES wo EF Sne SSS 2 
SESS ausgsGSS os Sa S SB Sse sens ~ SSS 
o Pa wy ww Los aD tain icy oe 2S Ss 
SSE Seger Ss wWePxesavyos Se «a Sf SG Sees Sos 
S85 SFos.8 oe om $.s Gsas! as SSI. 5 8 TAO >) 
Sse o87 sg ao a | Soanr® ADH om Ss 
9 Gy} AS) IS} SOR) -.O 1S C2) iS) .o . 
"SESS se USSF SESS aes MEAS S VES PS ES 
Ses © 6.9 SoA sis. S & i QS SLs 
SESS SHO F 8048 SPSAS.,. DS. ws as 
®RC5s 2 Sy We patiswtris ger S) 2) 
WOES a GS SS ees SS So 
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SES sos we & em) 
Ae Say se SF eye 
SUS Som ol SS aas 
TSW ont Tay .. 
a © 229 Se 2 
SS Ss 
is) 


G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, SAMPLES, etc., Post Free. 





— 


Sewing Machi ne Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—3id. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 











KING'S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 18, 
Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 
terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 
Silver Watches, &c., &c. 


Se eee ee ————————— ee 
NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 

Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 


HUNTS AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 
LAMPS.—The ‘“‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 
Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 


Norwich. 


DHE NEW PATENT BRITANNIA PETROLEUM 

OIL ENGINE is the safest and most economical motive power 
yet invented.—Apply, Britannia Tool Factory, Colchester. Factories 
fitted up with engines, shafting, Kc. 


BELTS ! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 
lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Harvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 











Co OILS, Burning and Lubricating, Loose or 
Bottled. Knitting Machine, ‘Wringer, and Pram Oils. All 
kinds of Machinery Oils.—Lady Bridge Oil Works, Spring Street, 











BELTS.— Round Belts, assorted lengths, 44 in. to 

48 in., 14s. per gross; 54 in. to 57 in., 16s. per gross. Best 
material and finish. Also in 200 ft. lengths.—J. W. Cable & Co., 35, 
Clerkenwell Road, E.C. 


O!lLS—Refined Sewing Machine—warranted a superior 

lubricant, and not to clog. We are now putting up this Oil in 
specially attractive 4-0z. flat bottles, at 16s. 6d. per gross. Round 
bottles, 15s. 6d. per gross» Packed for country, 6d. extra. Samples 
free on receipt of stamps for postage.—J. W. Cable & Co., 35. Clerk- 
enwell Road, Londo.. 








AGENCY, Wanted, Sole Agency for Sewing Machines, 

Perambulators, &c., or would arrange to open branch depot. 
Excellent references and security.—Address, H. W., Sewing Machine 
Gazette Office. 





NEEDLES. Family and medium, 2s, per gross ; large 
quantities very cheap; Howe Bb, 3s. 6d. per gross. Every 
needle warranted perfect.—S, Cox & Co., Alcester. 


pDsrrRicr MANAGER of Depots (just resigned), 

open for engagement in any capacity over collector-salesmen. 
Twenty years’ varied experience in the ‘‘ Hire Trade” with Singers’ 
and other companies.—D., 11, Elford Terrace, Leeds. 


(Geen DOMESTIC MACHINERY BUSINESS to 

Dispose of in leading town, county Durham. Good connection 
railway men. Established 18 years. Rent low. Ingoing 
moderate. Rare opportunity for young, pushing man. _ If desired, 
stock at valuation. Declining business solely through ill-health.— 
Apply H. Robinson, 77, Parkgate, Darlington. 








with 





Hull. IVER ED) yOUAINTE Year ot om NaH Seb Sio 
x aa a REFINED AMERICAN SPERM SEWING MACHINE 

T° CANVASSERS and OTHERS.—Useful and sale- | OIL, well and neatly packed in square panelled bottles, in 
able articles to sell to any and everyone. Circular on applica- | clean and splendid condition, securely packed in gross cases; 2 oz, 


tio.—Editor, ‘‘Tool amd Machinery Register,” 101, Houndsditch, 
Loadon. 


15s., 4 0z. 19s. per gross, nett cash. Sample, 3d. stamps.— Egdell & 


Co.. Neweastle on-Tvne 





The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JULY 2, 1894. 





fHE JOURNALOF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscriptton.—35 6d. per. annum, or 1s. per quarter, post free. which includes 
a free copy of the Aire Traders Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—es. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 





Adzvertisements.—Tariffon Application, All changes in Advertisements to be 


notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 

Contributiors.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged, Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises &c., in their several towns. 


Trade Informatio 2 —We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. 
Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 
In Writing zo Us.—Please address all communications either ‘ Publisher,” or 
‘* Editor,” at the address given below. 


Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on.application. 


Listof Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 


Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 


Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would @// our readers do likewise? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 


























The paragraph we inserted in 
our last issue,to the effect that we 
declined to insert a complaint 
from acanvasser as to certain new terms insisted upon 
by his employers, has created an amount of hostile criti- 
cism. Few persons thoroughly appreciate the difficul- 
ties which beset the editor of a trade journal, particu- 
larly in reference to questions appertaining to agreements 
between employer and employés. In the first place, an 
editor can really not be expected to pull chestnuts out of 
the fire at the bidding of every person in the trade - and 
secondly, should he attempt to do so, in many cases 
his zeal would not only be misplaced, but positively 
injurious to the interests of those whom he desires to 
serve. 

Now, a more ably written letter than that of “ Two ex- 
Canvassers” we have rarely received, and we coneratu- 
late the writers on their choice of diction. But ‘when 
we closely examine the nature of their complaint we are 
compelled to charge them not only with narrow-minded- 
ness, but also with a display of animus and suspicion 
which is quite unwarranted. They write as thouch their 
employers were bent on imposing upon their canvassers 
impossible burdens entirely in their own interest. It is 
curious how conservative is the average Canvasser on the 
subject of his terms. He seems to resent every proposed 
change. Yet we know fora fact that every large canvas- 
sing firm fully realises that it is to their interest to en- 
courage and not discourage their employés. When 
then, a change is suggested, this is usually with a view to 
benefit both parties. The employers’ plans, however, ma 
not always disclose this fact, and the shortsighted ae 
vasser will not take the trouble to dispassionately think 
out the matter for himself or to calmly discuss his oriey- 
ance with his employer. a 

We are sometimes given opportunities of investigating 
the sewing machine canvasser’s position to-day as com 
pared with say ten years ago, and what do we find ? 
Why, that on the average his position has decidedly im- 
proved. Do not let it be forgotten that we are dealin 
with the average canvasser. It is highly probable ae 
fewer absolute ‘‘ windfalls” are realised to-day compared 
with a few years ago—it is, perhaps, the same in ever 
walk of life. But, given the amount of industr Ba 
ingenuity of the ordinary mechanic, the sewing ore 
canvasser, even under the most arduous terms now jn 
force in the trade, can quite equal, if not surpass, the 
skilled workman so far as regards his average earnings. 

Our advice to canvassers is, do not blindly grumble at 
your employers, but seek an interview with them, and 
have the whole question thrashed out. Ifthe proposed 


terms are unreasonable, they will, in all li t 
altered. y all probability, -be 


Canvassers and their 
Employers. 


























WHAT IT HAS DONE. 

At a recent meeting of the New Kilpatrick Antiquarian 
and Natural History Society an interesting paper, dealing 
more especially with the evolution of the sewing machine, 
was read by Mr. E. W. McCormick, of the Singer 
Manufacturing Company. The appropriateness of this 
subject for the meeting of such a society is seen in the 
fact that the history of attempts at mechanical or machine 
sewing extends back to something like 140 years, and 
that the machine as now perfected has been arrived at by 
a process of evolution or development. The author said 
that but few people knew or ever thought of the millions 
of pounds sterling that had been spent in bringing the 
machine to its present state of perfection. Many of the 
early firms that had been engaged in producing sewing 
machines had failed, and others had voluntarily wound 
up their affairs owing to the fact that they were unable to 
compete with the large manufacturers ; but though most 
of the original makers had vanished from our ken, the 
existence of each and every one of them had helped aloag 
the perfection of the machine, and the fruitful results of 
the many endeavours in connection with the great 
industry were nothing short of an exemplification of the 
law of “ the survival of the fittest.” With the knowledge 
gained of past events, combined with an appreciation of 
the wants of the public, the survivors, he remarked, had, 
from the chaos of ruined hopes, wrecked companies, and 
unsuccessful experiments, drawn the lessons which they 
had taught, and had applied them to their own pro- 
ductions and for the benefit of their customers, with 
steady improvement and careful experiment, the evolved 
result being the beautiful machine which we know to-day. 
That result was not to be considered in any other light 
than as a thing of very slow growth. _ An eccentric stud 
had been put in here, a new “ tension” there, a new cam 
somewhere else, a changed attachment had been added, 
and little by little the machine had grown to its present 
form and intricate construction. Very different was the 
present machine from that made by Isaac Merritt Singer 
forty-three years ago. The author specially mentioned 
Singer, because he was really the first who actually began 
the manufacture of .sewing machines that were really 
practical, and because he was undoubtedly the pioneer in 
the sewing-machine industry. Mr. McCormick did not 
for a moment pretend that Singer was the originator of 
the sewing machine. Many persons had advanced the 
claim for the honour of making the first machine that 
would sew, but a careful study of the Patent Office 
records of different countries, in connection with inquiries 
necessitated by numerous lawsuits, he thought, very 
clearly established the fact of originality or priority of 
invention. The author said that the first patent for 
mechanical sewing belonged to England and to the 
eighteenth century, but that as an idea of practical 
utility and application the invention belonged to the 
United States, and to the nineteenth century. In the 
course of his interesting paper Mr. McCormick indicated 
the various patents from 1755 down to the invention of 
1834, which was made by Walter Hunt, an American, 
but which was not patented. Hunt’s invention made a 
“lock-stitch ”’ similar to that now made by the Singer 
machine. That inventor had undoubtedly solved the 
problem of successful machine sewing ; the golden prize 
was fairly within his reach ; and the richest reward ever 
offered for any invention in the world’s history he let slip 
by him without attempting to graspit. The author also 
noticed other sewing-machine inventions, down to that 
of Elias Howein 1846,to Bladgett & Herron in 1849, to 
Allan B. Wilson (Wheeler & Wilson) in 1850 and 
another in 1851, and that of Isaac Merritt Singer in the 
year last mentioned. Singer’s interesting story formed 
the next portion of the paper, and that was followed by 
an account of his relationships with Howe. The Singer 
Manufacturing Company was incorporated in 1863, when 
21,000 machines had been made, and now the manufac- 
ture has risen to 12,000,000. Mr. McCormick devoted 
most of the remainder of his paper toan account of what 
the sewing-machine has done, and he concluded by 
giving lantern views to illustrate the subject of discourse. 





THE SEWING MACHINE : ITS ORIGIN, AND 


Juty 2, 1894. 


SEWING MACHINES ON INSTALMENTS IN 
THE UNITED STATES. 


As touching the troubles of sewing machine dealers in 
the United States of America, the Sewzng Machine Times, 
New York, supplies us with the following examples :— 

In a recent case in Canarsie, Long Island, where a 
sewing machine had been replevined by a deputy-sheriff, 
the magistrate ordered the machine to be returned, on 
the ground that none but regularly elected constables 
were authorised to seize property. 

* © 


A sewing machine agent supplied a new part to a man, 
who agreed to pay for same within a certaintime. When 
that period expired the agent called, but the purchaser 
both refused to pay or to give back the part supplied ; 
but the agent called a policeman, in whose presence the 
machine-man was allowed to remove his property without 
molestation, 


* *% 


. 

Deception in getting re-possession is not condoned in 
the States. An agent of the Martel Sewing Machine 
Company, under the pretext of wanting various parts for 
repair, took a machine away piecemeal and never 
returned it, for which he was fully committed. 

* * 


A committee of the Legislative Body of Indiana are 
formulating a Tax Bill. Fortunately it has not yet 
progressed beyond the “recommending” stage, for, 
among other things, they talk of assessing sewing 
machines, musical instruments, and furniture at 60 per 
cent. of their original cost for the first two years of use. 
This is true American tallness. 


* * 


* 

Judgment was given against an agent who had re- 
taken a machine without due process of law from a 
woman who had nearly paid for the machine. Damages 
25 dols. were awarded. 


« * 


* 

Another agent adopted more obnoxious measures. He 
called to take a sewing machine away in default of pay- 
ment, and on the refusal by the hirer, a lady, to give it 
up, knocked her down, and threw the machine on her. 
For this assault a warrant was issued, but the agent is 
missing and cannot be found. 








MACHINE DEALER CHARGED WITH 
ASSAULT. 


At the Borough of Shrewsbury Police Court, on June 
16th, 1894, before T. Corbett and T. P. Deakin, Esqrs., 
Mr. Henry Jones, sewing machine and general dealer, 
48, Wyle Cop, Shrewsbury, was summoned for unlaw- 
fully assaulting Robert Carter, a canvasser, in the employ 
of Mr. E. Gwilliam, another general dealer, residing at 
64, Mardol. Mr. Herbert Sprott appeared to prosecute. 
—On the case being called defendant applied for an 
adjournment, in order to bring up his witnesses.—Mr. 
Sprott : I object to that.—Defendant : I have no chance 
to defend myself. They have me entirely at their 
mercy. I only received the summons on Thursday night. 
—Mr. Sprott: I must object to an adjournment, as this 
is a most serious case, anda more serious and savage 
assault could not have been made on my client. He isin 
fear of his life, and if there is an adjournment he will 
have to go about in fear of an attack from this man.— 
Mr, Corbett : We cannot agree to the application for 
an adjournment. Weshall have to go on with the case. 
—Defendant : Iam very sorry. I could get plenty of 
witnesses to prove that he struck me first. | You under- 
stand what Mr, Carter has done for me in the past. He 
tried to ruin me in the perjury case. I have no chance 
whatever. I am at their mercy. I asked for a cross- 
summons, but it was not granted.—Mr. Sprott : A more 
sayage, more brutal and unprovoked attack could not 
have been made on Mr. Carter.—The complainant, who 
was directed by the Bench to be seated whilst giving 
his evidence, said on June 13th, about 3.30 p.m., he was 
walking along New Street, Frankwell, when he noticed 
the defendant inthe street. Knowing that the latter had 
been using threats towards him, complainant turned 
back. Defendant ran after him, shouting, ‘Carter, I 
want you.” Complainant ran towards Port Hill, and 
around a cart which stood inthe street, but the defendant 
overtook him. Defendant struck him on the head and 


. | 
_lae 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


13 


crushed his hat, and also kicked him twice in a brutal 
manner, saying, ‘“ [’ll kill you.” Complatnant screamed, 
and a young man named Price rushed up and drove 
defendant off. But for Price's interference he was afraid 
he would have lost his life. Complainant went direct to 
the Police Station, and from there he was obliged to go 
to the Infirmary on account of the injuries done by the 
kicks. He had been compelled to attend at the Infirmary 
each day since, and was stillin great pain, as he was black 
and blue. He never said a word to the defendant prior 
to the assault.—Defendant: You know you are telling 
stories. Isimply asked you what you were running our 
goods down for all the time, and saying I was a rogue. 
You called me a liar and struck me first.—Complainant : 
Nothing of thesort. I never opened my lips to you, and 
I hope I may be struck down dead if I did. I am 
astonished at you.—Mr. Corbett : Any more questions ? 
—Defendant : It’s useless, I’m entirely at his mercy.—- 
James Macnamara, butcher, rr, New Street, deposed that 
Jones kicked complainant twice onthe legs.—Thomas Price, 
blacksmith, 39, Frankwell, said he saw defendant attack 
Carter, and he pulled him away.—John Morris, 41, 
Severn Street, insurance agent, gave evidence that 
defendant had used threats towards complainant three 
months since.—Defendant said complainant struck him 
first with a stick about thirty yards lower down the 
street, but the witnesses called did not see it. He had 
simply asked complainant why he was turning his 
machines back, and Carter called hima liar. He told 
him that he could prove that he had been saying that 
defendant’s machines were of no good, and calling him a 
rogue. Complainant said he was a liar, and struck him 
with a stick. Defendant added: It’s quite true I did 
kick him, and it served him right. He struck me with 
a stick, and I did what “ any other Englishman” would 
do, I ‘kicked him.”’ I don’t wish the man any harm if 
he will leave me alone.—Mr. Corbett remarked that. it 
was not the action of an Englishman to kick anyone.— 
The magistrates, with complainant and defendant, retired 
to a private room, and on the magistrates’ return Mr. 
Corbett said they considered the charge was fully proved. 
They agreed with Mr. Sprott that it was a most diabolical 
and cowardly attack on the complainant, and it was 
certainly one of the worst cases that had come under his 
notice since he had the honour of sitting on the Bench, 
and it was fortunate for the defendant that he was not 
brought there on a more serious charge. Defendant 
could be sent to prison for two months for the offerce, 
but they did not wish to inflict such a disgrace upon him, 
though he richly deserved it. The full penalty would 
be inflicted, which was £5, to include costs and the 
advocate’s fee, and to remain in custody until the money 
was paid.—Mr. Sprott wished to have the defendant... 
bound over to keep the peace, but as he had béen-fined™ 
the full penalty this could not be done,,, ,~ 








ENGLISH v. AMERICAN NEPOLES {© - 
Anent the World’s Fair at Chicago, Yowrable.con- 
temporary, the Sewing Machine Times, of New York, has 
something to say on the sewing machine needle exhibit 
thereat and sewing machine needles generally. 

Years ago, rather than put up with the inconvenience 
and loss of time occasioned by the use of ‘“‘ the unreliable 
American-made machine needles,” housewives willingly 
paid a much higher price “for the high-tempered blue 
steel Milward needles from Redditch, near Birmingham, 
England.”’ yaya 

After describing the Milward exhibit in the English 
section of the Liberal Arts Building, and commenting 
upon the variety in size and shape of needles to be seen 
in the immense revolving pyramid, the S.AZ.7. says :— 
“There is an agency for these needles in New York, but 
‘no old operator’ wants any but American machine 
needles now.” 

This sounds very like one of three things—either brag, 

reater American excellence, or English deterioration. 

If the first, we can forgive the national failing ; if the 
second, we congratulate the pupil on getting ahead of the 
master ; whilst, ifthe last-mentioned be the reason, we 
are regretful that the cunning has left the fingers of our 
needlemakers, and would urge them to regain the 
supremacy which, it is alleged, they have lost. 





ae oa Re eee ete Se tare Duane CS rage ee acme The Journal of Domestie Appliances 


The needle is such an important factor in the sewing 
machine world that superiority is of infinite importance, 
and it is because of this that we venture to give expression 
to the views of our contemporary, with the hope, if the 
assertions are true, and either of the two latter of our 
assumptions as to the cause thereof correct, that sewing 
machine needlemakers may strive to reach a higher 
platform of excellence. 





CANV. ASSING.- IN THE STATES. 


Our American cousins have a reputation for a peculiar 
kind of humour, and judging from a report in the 
Musiéal Courter, ‘of New York, it certainly does appear 
to be somewhat quaint. 

As our readers are probably aware, canvassing for the 
sale of articles is carried on in the States to a far greater 
extent than in this country, being applied to every article 
required in the household. According to the Courter, 
Mr. Allen, of the W. B. Allen Company, Portland, 
Oregon, being desirous of working Tillamook, a small 
coast town of Oregon, sent his salesman, Mr. Hawbacker, 
and tuner, Mr. Martine, there. Ina day or two they let 
their first piano on the hire system to a Mr. Bowers, and 
in due course a note for the first payment was sent this 
gentieman. To Mr. Allen’s surprise this was shortly 
returned, together with a contra-account, as follows :— 

MONTHLY STATEMENT. 
Tillamook, March 28th, 1894. 


The Wiley B, Allen Company, Portland, Ore. 
To D. C. Bowers, Dr. 


Dols. 
March 7, Meeting Martine on dock me 360 ane 7 
5 8, Inviting Martine to house... 560 000 5 
i 9, Listening at Martine’s music . 5a0 oe 10 
» 10, Advising M. to keep quiet ... 00 300 8 
3, ly Hearing stalejoke ... ae oso : 25 
+, 12, Two dinners ... Sod 680 a0 nh 14 
», 12, Inflicting music.. fo C00 ond coo. SYel 
+, -13, Storage on square piano ie on0 op 
ag HB Being seen with Martine 000 000 coo XO) 
-, 14, Listening at M.tune piano ... 008 coo 
»» 15, Inviting M. and H. todinner .. 200 boo 1 EK) 

»» 15, Cr. by them not coming, 75 dols. 

221 
Cr. balance ... 50 BiG aie cco WE 
Balance due.. 5 eb noo. N2X8) 


Please remit andl save Gout: 





A DEAD SHWING MACHINE AGENT FINED. 

A sewing machine agent, says the Sewing Machine 
Advance, of Chicago, recently fell off a big bridge in 
Texas, and was, of course, killed. The county judge was 
brought from Langtry, the town nearest the bridge, to 
hold a ‘‘crowner’s quest.” The judge arrived with a 
great concourse of people, all anxious to serve on the 
jury. Proceedings were begun by examining the body of 
the agent. Upon this were found a loaded revolver and 
40 dols. in cash. Perceiving these, the judge said :— 
“There ain’t nothing to do about this case, gentlemen of 
the jury. This ere agent's dead, and it’s perfectly plain 
how he met his death. But what I want to know is what 
he is doing with that gun? That’s again the laws of 
Texas. He ain’t here to explain, but because an agent 
takes it into his head to put on wings and mount to the 
skies is no reason why the great State of Texas should be 
defrauded. Law is law, and justice is justice. I fine him 
40 dols. for carrying a deadly weapon.”’ It is needless to 
say that the fine was paid. 





“WADE IN GERMANY.” 


Commercial men who are interested at all in th 
Merchandise Marks Act and its operations will read with 
amusement an account of an incident brought to the 
notice of Her Majesty’s Counsul at Stettin, and mentioned 
by him in a report to the Foreign Office. It is a well- 
known fact, accepted by all classes in Germany, that 
English goods are supposed to be the best, and during 
the great feasts of Christmas and Easter thousands of 
country people flock to the cities to buy their presents 
and supplies for the coming holidays. These peasants 
know nothing of the English tongue, but seeing words 
in a foreign language stamped upon an article the 
naturally ask what language it is, and being told by the 
seller, who probably is as ignorant as the “purchaser in 





Jury 2, 1804. 
respect to the TGS Heelle ic such an importa neron inviehe tee winlg) | icepeemton aeebacea alge manner Glchepwormacaea meaning of the words, that it is 
English, they eagerly ouy it as such. Last summer this 
story was corroborated by the Consul. Being at a farm- 
house in the country, the good wife brought. on her best 
china for coffee, and with great pride pointed out to him 
that it was English ; ; but—alas ! for her cherished English 
ware—it bore the legend “Made in Germany.” 








STOPPING HOLES IN WOOD. 


Hard- stopping, for wood is often called “ Beau: 
mantique,’ and is used for filling in any holes that may 
be in the wood before commencing to polish. Put one 
tablespoonful of shellac, one teaspoonful of powdered 
rosin, and a piece of baer the size of a walnut into a 
cup or iron pot, and set on the stove or in the oven until 
melted. For mahogany add to ita little Venetian red 
to match up the wood; for oak add yellow ochre; for 
ebony or rosewood add lampblack. Mix it well up. It 
may be used while liquid, or it may be made into sticks 
like sealing-wax by pouring a little on a board, and rolling 
it with another board slightly warmed. When using 
melt it over alight, and run it into the place to be 
repaired ; level off with a chisel and smoothe down with 
glass-paper. LY fh 





AE UMINIUM AND ITS ALLO Y s. 


At the weekly meeting of the Balloon Society of 
Great Britain, held at 9,Conduit Street, Regent Street,W., 
recently, Mr. "Henry Leighton (Van Wart, Leighton, & 
Co.) read a paper on the above-named subject. A few 
years ago it was, the lecturer commenced, a popular idea 
that aluminium was a golden-coloured metal that looked 
very nice when made into pencil cases and watch chains, 
Its marvellous lightness and strength, and the difficulty 
of dealing with it, excited curiosity, apart from the fact 
that it was not found as or dinary minerals are, but was, 
so to speak, extracted by clay in the form of a grey 
powder, which was done by Wohler in 1827, though it 
was not really produced in a state of purity until 1854, 
and in 1859 the first aluminium works in England were 
started at Battersea, but did not prove successful. The 
first article made was a baby’s rattle for the young Prince 
Imperial. Jt is, perhaps, the most widely distributed of 
metals, though not found in a metallic state or condition. 
Many precious stones, such as rubies, garnets, sapphires, 
turquoise, and topaz, ‘contain the metal, but its reduction 
and production are so difficult that the price has prevented 
it becoming as plentiful asiron. It is produced from 
beaucite and cryolite, the former near Beaux, in France, 
and the latter in important quantities from the west 
coast of Greenland. Both are called ‘‘ clays” ; in colour 
they vary from snow. white to reddish brown, according 
to the amount of iron or cther impurities ‘contained. 
Various works and foundries have been erected for pro- 
ducing the metal for commercial use. 

Its weight i is, relatively, one-third of iron, one-fourth 
that of silver, and one-eighth that of gold. A gun 
metal casting on the table weighs 53 |b., stl the same 
casting in aluminium weighs only 16 ‘lb. Its melting 
point is about 700 C., and its tensile strength is 30,000 lb. 
per square inch. It is very malleable, and can be rolled 
as easily as goldor silver. It is a good conductor of heat 
and electricity, and air either wet or dry has no effect on 
it, Sulphur does not change its colour, and it is proof 
against dilute sulphuric and nitric acids and strong 
vinegar. 

Aluminium does not readily lend itself to soldering, 
which is much against its making the headway its other 
excellent qualities entitle it to. 

Pure aluminium is too soft to stand much wear and is 
too weak to stand severe strains, but it unites with other 
metals, and it is in this alloy state that its great value 
lies. | Small percentages up to 10 per cent. of silver, 
nickel, copper, tin, etc., make it harder, stronger, and 
better’ wearing without affecting its beautiful colour or its 
lightness. 

The powes of aluminium bronzes to resist oxidisation 
exceeds that of all similar metals. Ordinary acids have 
little effect, nor has ammonia or sea water, which should 
commend these bronzes to shipbuilders and to sanitary 
and other engineers in all cases where steel is unsuitable. 
There are many similar considerations which must lead 
gradually to its superseding al! other metals for these and 
many other purposes. 











Mees 














HINTS ON REPAIRING AND ADF USTING 
SEWING MACHINES. 


BY 0. N. E. IN THE Sewing Machine News. 


The idea that a man, to be a good, competent sewing 
machine repairer, must be a trained mechanic who has 
“served time” as a machinist or mill-wright, seems ridi- 
culous to me. What engine builder, machinist, or any 
other “skilled ’’ mechanic can you point out who could, 
without a certain amount of training (possibly by men who 
have never learned a trade), stop a sewing machine that 
skipped stitches, broke thread, wouldn’t feed, or any of 
the other ailments that are peculiar to these mechanisms ? 
Do you know of a single one? 

And if you do, is his success not due to his having made 
sewing machines a study? Well, then, I am ready to 
declare it as my opinion that, ifhe had had no knowledge 
as machinist or engineer, but had been simply endowed 
with a little natural handiness and some good common 
sense, he could have raised himself to the same excellence 
and been just as successful. 

Now I know this will be understood by many to mean 
that anybody could become a repairer of sewing machines 
without instructions from others. But that is not my 
intention, It is simply this—that a man’s knowledge as 
engineer or machinist is of but little account when applied 
to repairing sewing machines. And what are the 
machinists of the present day ? What does a man who 
has learned to run a planer know of mechanisms, or one 
who is proud to be called a lathe hand know ofeffect and 
its cause when speaking of or dealing with a refractory 
sewing machine? Nothing—absolutely nothing. 

The man who works in a machine shop as all-round 
bench-hand may turn some of his knowledge to account in 
repairing a worn sewing machine, but whether he will 
discover how that wear is influencing the machine for 
evil is very doubtful. If inthe case of a thread-breaker, 
for example, he be shown a scratch on the rotary hook or 
on the point of the reciprocating shuttle, and told that 
that may be the cause of its bad behaviour, he will know 
how to remove the cause; but would he of himself ever 
find it? Iam inclined to think not,and here is a reason 
for my belief. Machinists, as a rule, look upon sewing 
machines very much as they do upon watches and clocks. 
A man who thoroughly understands gears should be able 
to takeaclock to pieces, clean it, and put it together 
again as it should be, but how many can do so, or will 
even try? They merely tell you that that kind of work 
is out of their line and they ‘‘don’t know nothin’ about 
it.” Which is very true. 

And yet they are the stuff that our competent sewing 
machine repairers are to be made of. Such a machinist 
if he applied for a job as caretaker of a number of machines 
in a shoe shop even, would soon find out that he had 
“bitten off more than he could chew.” The forewoman, 
who had never learned his trade, could give him more 
points than the daily papers cangiveontheraces. Right 
here let me say that I have met one of them, and she was 
a comparatively young woman too, not over twenty-four 
or five years old, who was as skilful in adjusting and re- 
pairing the machines under her charge as most men would 
have been. Ofcourse she was an exception, but still proof 
of what I assert. 

Repairing sewing machines is a trade by itself, and the 
man who has acquired it and can practically apply his 
knowledge of it, should not be subject to any questioning 
as to whether he was a machinist, engine builder, lock- 
smith, or anything else, for the purpose of supplying him 
with a foundation on which to base his claim for ability. 
He is asewing machine repairer, and if he has given the 
matter his sober thought, used his common sense to reason 
out the ‘whys and wherefores’’ of sewing machines and 
their crankinesses, applying his self-gained knowledge in 
a way to achieve results, it will make no difference to the 
person or company employing him whether he was 
formerly a grocery clerk, a shoemaker, or an organ grinder. 
No man is hired or employed for whathe was. Has-been 
exerts no influence in that direction. Employers are after 


results, and the man who can repair a machine in the, 





“J. R. G.” thinks, and “C. Cook”’ seems to agree with 
him on this point, that ‘‘ Hints’ cannot teach any one to 
become a repairer. I don’t agree with these writers on 
that point. I claim they can. Whether they ever did 
or not I cannot say, as I am not in possession of any 
evidence. Still they could. I can think of no subject on 
which so little has been written or printed as that em- 
bracing the rey airing of sewing machines. One can find 
text and hand books on nearly or quite every trade, but 
none on sewing machines. Electricity, which in a 
mechanical sense is quite new to the world, can boast of 
numerous works that aid the seeker after practical know- 
ledge of that mysteri: us agent, but search the publishing 
houses of all the great cities and you will find nothing 
but a little pamphlet. published in England years 
ago, and which is utterly useless to the learner of the 
present. 

Again, looking at it from another side, what could be 
compiled that would give full information for repairing 
the many different sewing mechanisms? A rule that 
applies to one will not do for another, and still there are 
points that all possess incommon. Then what more does 
a man, who has the ability to use his thinking faculties, 
need than hints? They suggest ways and means to over- 
come difficulties, and if he will apply them with judgment 
he must succeed. Positive cast-iron rules cannot be given 
that will endure in allcasesor onalloccasions. Nor does 
he need them any mere than he needs that the person 
directing him to acertain place should go with him and 
show him the way—walk it for him, as it were—after 
giving clear, plain directions for him to follow. 

Nor do factory inspectors and adjusters make the best 
hands at repairing. It is quite another thing to adjust a 
new machine than to put an old one in order. On the 
former everything is new, and if no part be defective, is 
certain to work properly when adjusted according to rule. 
Bad pieces are discarded and good ones put in their places. 
Outside of the factory, with no stockroom to go to for parts, 
the repairer must depend on himself. Worn parts must 
be re tored to their original shape and condition before he 
can adjust the machine. What kind of a genius would he 
be who would need to be told that a feed was dull; thata 
shaft was loose or a spring had grown weak? Common 
sense should point out these things without the aid of a 
text-book, and if he does not know enough to look for these 
defects and has not the faculty of discovering them when 
they exist, it is of no use to tell him, ina book, that a 
machine will not feed when the feed-points are dull, or 
that it will skip stitches on thin goods if the presser-foot 
does not come clear down to the plate. 





A NEW SEWING MACHINE COMPANY. 

Under the title of the Double Reel Sewing Machine 
Syndicate, Limited, a new company has been registered, 
with a capital of £1,600 in £1 shares, which has for 
its object the acquisition and working of English Letters 
Patent No. 10,350 of 1891, relating to improvements in 
double reel sewing machines. 


A“NO SHUTTLE" SEWING MACHINE. 


Frederick Jacob, of 107, Springfield Avenue, is an 
inventor with intensely practical ideas and genius, 
which compels admiration. For twenty-eight years he 
has been selling and repairing sewing machines in this 
city, and raising a family of a dozen interesting children, 
while his spare moments have been given to ideas which 
he hoped in good time would relieve him of the necessity 
for hard work. r 

For several years he has been perfecting a novel sewing 
machine, which is now being manufactured at the corner 
of Lawrence and Hamilton Streets, by a company which 
one day may rival the largest sewing machine industry 
in the country. Since getting the sewing machine off 
his hands, Mr. Jacob has turned his attention to the 
requirements of a practical automatic car coupler, and 
has made and has patented one without a thought of the 
thousands who have met with discouragement and ruin 
in the overworked field. He has secured patents for 
both inventions in this and foreign countries, and has 

















10 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Jury 2, 1894 


= = = 5 —— 


made a perfect working model of the coupler, which he 
shows attached to a train of minature freight cars. 

His sewing machine is called the “ No Shuttle,” and it 
is constructed upon an entirely new principle, which he 
claims is far superior to any previous invention, because 
it makes a perfect lock-stitch without the use of a shuttle, 
shuttle-race, or bobbin, and stitches from two commercial 
spools, with a short, stout needle. One spool is put on 
the top of the arm of the machine in the ordinary man- 
ner, and the other is put upon a pin for the purpose and 
adjusted to the bottom of the machine, which presents 
itself to the operator on pulling the slide-plate on top of 
the machine. The advantages this machine has over all 
others explain the reasons why many sewing machine 
manufacturing firms for many years past have devoted so 
much attention to the subject of sewing from two 
ordinary spools. Every operator well realises what 
trouble it is, and how much time is lost in handling the 
ordinary shuttle machine, in winding bobbins, and in 
being obliged to stop work at times when the same is 
most interesting and important, because there is no more 
thread on the bobbin in the shuttles. There is no 
shuttle-race to oil, and consequently, no soiling of the 
fabric to be sewn. Best of all, however, is the fact that 
machine contains nearly roo less parts than ordinary 
sewing machines, and can consequently be made and sold 
much cheaper. 

Mr. Jacob’s principal is a radical departure from all 
previous methods of makingan elastic lockstitch, and yet 
the stitch is the same in every respect. Mr. Jacob has 
on exhibition in his store the first completed machine. 
It cost several thousand dollars for patterns and tools, 
and to all external appearances is much like any other 
high-arm sewing machine.—Vewark, NV./., Call. 








INFRINGERS ENJOINED.* 


For a period of nearly twenty years the names 
“Home” and “ New Home,” successively, have been used 
by the New Home Sewing Machine Company to 
designate machines manufactured and sold by it, and 
that company has spent hundreds of thousands of dollars 
in advertising its machines under these names in all 
quarters of the globe, with a result that a vast business 
has been built up inthe machines made by the company, 
and with the further result that the name ‘‘ Home”’ in 
connection with a sewing machine has long since come 
to be regarded by the public as a guarantee of value in 
the machine carrying such name. 

Things of value are liable to be counterfeited, imitated 
or stolen, and a sewing machine with the world-wide 
reputation of the New Home, has proved to be too 
tempting a bait for unscrupulous persons, who have 
never spent a cent to establish its name and tame, but 
who have coolly and unblushingly appropriated its name 
and applied the same to imitation goods which they thus 
palm off upon their deluded customers as articles of 
value. One of the concerns doing this sort of business 
is the Oxford Manufacturing Company, of this city, 
which, by the way, has never manufactured anything but 
its name and bogus advertisements. It buys cheap 
machines here and there, stencilled to suit its trade, and 
for some time past it has been trading freely on the 
names ‘‘Home ’’ and ‘‘New Home”; doubtless to its 
great advantage. 

The New Home Company has proved to be as energetic, 
however, in protecting its name as it was in making it 
famous, and the result has been a number of injunction 
suits brought against infringers upon its rights in various 
sections of the country. The decisions so far rendered 
have invariably been in favour of the New Home 
Company, and one against the Oxford concern will serve 
as asample of all. It was given on April 25th, in the 
U.S. Circuit Court, northern district of Illinois, and 
commands and enjoins “you, the said, The Oxford 
Manufacturing Company, its officers, shareholders, 
directors, agents, servants, clerks, workmen, attorneys, 
and all others acting under or for it, or them, or any of 
them, from either directly or indirectly, printed or 
causing to be printed, or otherwise forming, distributing 
or causing to be distributed or conniving with others to 
print, form or distribute circulars, advertisements, cards, 





* Sewing Machine Advance of Chicago, 








tags, labels, signs or other matter or thing containin 
the words ‘Oxford Home Machine,’ or ‘Oxford Home 


Sewing Machine, or the words ‘New Home Style,’ or 
the word ‘Home,’ either singly, or in connection with 
other words or characters, for use, or intended to be used 
in connection with the sale of sewing machines, and 
parts thereof not the product of complainant, the New 
Home Sewing Machiie Company, until otherwise 
ordered by this Court.” 

Let us hope that this will be the last of the brazen 
effrontery that so unblushingly appropriates the repu- 
tation of others to trade upon. 


OBITUARY. 
Nespit D. Stoops. 


Dirp—In Philadelphia, April 26th, Nesbit D. Stoops, 
aged 62 years. 

Again we are called upon to perform a duty, which this 
year has several times been ours. We have to announce 
tbe death of another member of the sewing machine 
trade, and one who has been connected with it from its 
infancy. Mr. Stoops’ death, while all were somewhat 
prepared for the calamity, was sudden, and friends who 
had seen him but a few days before were impressed with 
the idea that he appeared brighter than for some time 
past. He aad been, for quitea while, suffering with a com- 
plication of diseases, but.the immediate cause of his death 
was Bright’s disease. The end came peacetully, he being 
unconscious for eight hours before. Funeral services were 
held at his late residence on Monday afternoon, April 30th. 
The interment was private. 

As stated, Mr. Stoops was one of the pioneers in the 
sewing machine trade, and as all seemed to have a common 
interest at that time he was closely associated with those 
men who first put the business on its feet, started it off, 
and made it possible for the infant to grow into the power- 
ful giant it now is. In 1856 he and John Galt were run- 
ning a machine shop in Harvard Place, Boston, Mass. 
A.F. Johnson employed them to make a working model of 
a sewing machine which he claimed to have invented. In 
the fall of 1858 this Johnson became involved in an inter- 
ference case with the Grover & Baker Sewing Machine 
Company. Johnson claimed to have invented the machine 
in 1849, but O. B. Potter, then president of the Grover & 
Baker Company, discovered that it had been made by 
Stoops in 1856, and looked him up. The result was that 
he was called to testify in the capacity of mechanical 
expert, and was on the witness stand continuously for 
forty days. 

Having become impressed with his abilities in this line 
he was retained, at the conclusion of the suit, by Mr. 
Potter to act in the same capacity for the ‘‘ combination ” 
that had been formed between the Grover & Baker, 
Singer, Wheeler & Wilson, and Howe companies, to assist 
in prosecuting infringers. 3 
In 1863 he formed a partnership with John J. Sibly, 
and for a number of years handled the Singer machines in 
New York city. At the earnest solicitations of Elias Howe, 
jun., he went to Philadelphia in 1867 to represent the Howe 
machines in the territory comprising eastern Pennsylvania, 
southern New Jersey, Delaware, and the eastern shore of 
Maryland. He remained with the company until it ceased 
to do business, then took up—in 1880—the “ Household,”’ 
and has represented that machine and company ever since 
in the same territory. An allegiance once formed by him, 
he became immovable, and while representing these 
machines, at different periods, he was often importuned 
to handle others also, but as often remained steadfastly 
true to the company he represented. He handled the 
“‘ Household” up to the time of his death. 

His business methods were repeated in his private life, 
and his friends, and he had tuany, all remember him as 
one of the truest of men ; one who would lend a hand and 
give assistance whenever he could and doit willingly and 
without any desire or hope of gain. In his death the trade 
has lost a worthy member, one who had faith in the 
business and strove to keep it up to that high standard 
of excellence known and felt only by veterans in the 
ranks. 

He leaves a widow and a son, to whom the ews tenders 
its most heartfelt sympathy, the more sincere because the 
deceased was a warm personal friend, in which we are 
confident we are joined by all who knew him,—Sew7ng 
Machine News, New York. 








eager ERIE 


Jury 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. : 17 


SOMETHING WORTH YOUR ATTENTION. 


24 THE STAR 
s — | CATALOGUE 
is the most 
“practical” of 
all Catalogues 
issued this 
year. 











This is a great 
Point, 
and should 
commandyour 
serious 
consideration. 


A Catalogue is 
worse than 
useless if it 
isn’t 
‘* practical.”’ 


The STAR Baby Carriages still set the Fashion. 


A * Practical’ 
CATALOGUE 
enables one to 
practically 
understand the. 
Goods handled, | 
tacilitating the. 
desideratum of 
the 


Baby Carriage Trade, 


to wit— 
*“* Easy Sale 
and Handsome 
Profits.” 



















































































































































































CATALOGUE POSTED FREE, UPON APPLICATION, TO ANY PART 
OF THE WORLD. 


STAR Manufacturing Co., 


STAR WORKS, 


COODINGE ROAD, YORK ROAD, LONDON, N. 




















18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Juty 2, 1894. 











55 





THE STATE OF TRADE. 


There is little moving inthe perambulator trade ; the 
season opened badly, and, unless it soon improves, 1894 
will have to be ranked as one of the worst years on record. 
One feature of the season is the dearth of novelties. Most 
of the manufacturers appear to be disinclined to speculate, 
and we can well understand it considering what a bad time 
they have had of late. 

The sales of sewing rnachines and cycles have also been 
very unsatisfactory the past two months, and on all hands 
we hear complaints as tothe volume of trade. Dealers 
appear to be also suffering in many parts of the country 
from a lower percentage in their collections. 

The worst feature about the state of trade is that no 
silver lining is in sight. 








A NEW BABY CHAIR. 





We illustrate a baby chair of German invention now 
being imported by Mr. E. Rausnitz, of 184, Aldersgate 
Street, E.C. It isconvertible, so that it can be used 
as shown, or the chair can be placed on top of the table. 






































































































































On page 11 will be found particulars of a domestic machinery busi- 
ness in county Durham which is now offered for sale on reasonable 
terms. 


* 
* 

Messrs. J. J. Egdell & Co., 10, Newgate Street, E.C., desire us to state 
that they can offer cur readers some genuine bargains in lubricating 
oilsand cycles, as they are now realising their surplus stocks of the 
above. 

mre 

The Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Company have been exhibiting 
their machines at Belfast the past month, where they obtained a first 
prize. Visitors to the exhibition at Earl’s Court will find these machines 
on show in the main building. 

* * 

Messrs. W. Foster & Co., the well-known perambulator fittings 
manufacturers, of 46, Barr Street, Birmingham, have opened a new 
department for perambulator and mail-cart canopies. Dealers should 
write for particulars, as this firm have some excellent bargains in this 
seasonable line. 

Mae 

The extensive new premises, specially built for the Wheeler & Wilson 
Manufacturing Company, in Paul Street, Finsbury, are nearing com- 
pletion. It isexpected that within two months the whole of this com- 
pany’s business will be removed from Queen Victoria Street, E.C., to 
the above adaress. 

x & 
= 

The following offices of the Singer Company are now controlled by 
their Liverpool office:—Bangor, Blaenau Festiniog, Carnarvon, 
Connah’s Quay, Denbigh, Dolgelly, Holyhead, Llangollen, Mold, 
Oswestry, Portmadoc, Rhyl, and Wrexham. Welshpool will in future 
be controlled from Cardiff. 

* * 
* 

Mr. H. Garland, who for some years has acted as assistant to Mr. 
Johns, of the Cherry Tree Company, has just been appointed by Messrs. 
W.& S. Summerscales’ Sons their representative for London and 
the South of England. Mr. Garland will probably be calling upon 
many ofourreaders at an early date, and we can assure them that he 
isa highly trustworthy and genial man of business. 

* * 


a 

We are pleased to learn that Mr. Robert Gray, formerly head office 
representative of the old Howe Company, has returned to the Man- 
chester depot of the North British Machine Company. We congratu- 
lated Mr. Gray on his opening this depot in January, 1892, and have 
now to wish him success on his resuming its management. In the hands 
of Mr. Gray the interests of his company will be faithfully protected ; 
and in him the Buckingham & Adams Company (for whom they are 
wholesale agents) has an energetic representative. 

* x 


* 

We are informed by Mr. Charles L. Young that the partnership 
hitherto existing between himself and Mr. James Hodges, under the 
style of Charles L. Young & Co., machine dealers, &c., 21, High Street, 
Kingsland, N., &c., has expired by effluxion of time ; that Mr. Young 
has purchased the whole of Mr. Hodges’ interest in the concern, and 
that in consequence of the extension of his business necessitating the 
assistance of an active partner, he has entered into partnership with 
Mr. G. L. Roblin. The firn still continues to trade as Charles L, 
Young & Co. 








PRISON MADE GOODS. 
It will be remembered that a short time since we gave 


in these columns an extract from a new contemporary, 


which averred that one of the causes why the Germans 
were able to produce sewing machines cheaper than our-_ 
selves was by employing prison labour. 

We lost no time in stating that we knew of no such 


custom as being in vogue, and that the idea was simply 


preposterous that the employment of a few thousand 
convicts could be counted as a serious factor in the com- 
petition between Germany and this country. We have 
our own ideas as to why the cost of production is cheaper 
per machine in Germany than in this country, and the 
causes are threefold, viz., smaller wages, longer hours, 
and the greater willingness of the workmen to adapt 
themselves to improvements in machinery. 

It is interesting, however, to note that Colonel Howard 
Vincent has a Bill before Parliament the operative clause 
of which reads as follows :—“ All goods made or produced, 
either wholly or in part, in any foreign prison, gaol, house 
of correction, or penitentiary, are hereby prohibited to be 
imported into the United Kingdom, as if they were speci- 
fied in section forty-two of the Customs Consolidation 
Act, 1876.” 


HARRISON PATENT KNITTING MACHINE 
COMPANY, LIMITED. 


The business of knitting machine manufacturers, 
hosiery manufacturers, &c., carried on under the style ot 
The Harrison Patent Knitting Machine Company, at 48, 
Upper Brook Street, and 133, Portland Street, Man- 
chester, and 77, Oxford Street, London, W.., was registered 
on the 23rd inst., with a capital of £10,000 in £1 
shares. 








Failures and Arrangements. 


JOSEPH HAWTHORN, Sewing Machine Agent, Wellington Street 
Kettering. 
This bankrupt came up for his public examination at the North- 
ampton Bankruptcy Court, on June 12th, before the Registrar. The 
summary of accounts filed by the debtor showed liabilities amounting 
to £172 15s. 8d., and the assets were estimated to realise £167 qs. 7d., 
thus leaving a deficiency of 45 11s. 1d. The debtor in reply to questions 
said his business consisted of purchasing sewing machines on credit, 
and disposing of them on the hire system, to be paid for by weekly 
instalments, but he only had hiring agreements in one or two instances. 
If the person who supplied him with machines had only given him time 
he could have paid his creditors in full. The immediate cause of his 
filing his petition was through his being served with a writ. Out of the 
£172 owing by him, £104 was due to the party of whom he purchased 
the machines. The examination was eventually ordered to be 
adjourned. 
LLOYD & CO, Perambulator Manufacturers, Borough. 
A first and final dividend of 1s, 3d. in the pound is now being paid 
by the trustee in the above. 
SMITH & SONS, Washing Machine Makers, 
Keighley. 
The above have been adjudicated bankrupts, with gross liabilities 
422,629, of which £13,995 is expected to rank for dividend, against 
assets estimated at £3,113 1s. 9d. The debtor James Ellison Smith 
attributes his failure to the impossibility of his carrying out the terms 
of an agreement between himself, his mother, and sister. 
COYLE & CO., Jewellers and Machine Agents, 16, Bishop Street, 
Londonderry. 
The above have assigned their business to Mr. Edward Kevans, of 
Dublin. The liabilities are £4,100, and asse's £ 3,500. 
CHARLES PREECE, General Dealer, Uxbridge Street, Burton. 
The above has filed a deed of arrangement. The liabilities are 
4206, and the assets £134. One machine firm is a creditor, viz., 
Entwistle & Kenyon, for £17. 
ANDREW BATE, Roller Turner, late Sewing and Washing Machine 
Dealer, 493, Rochdale Road, Manchester. 
The above has been adjudicated a bankrupt. 


Royd Works, 


The following are 


creditors :— 
pensar 
Whittaker Bros,, Accrington Ss 15 12 10 
Summerscales & Sons, Keighley ... 000 soo 2b) ©) 
PARTLY SECURED CREDITORS. 
Summerscales & Sens, Limited, Keighley boo, BU @ 


(Estimated value of security, £5.) 

AARON MIDGLEY, Sewing Machine Agent, Malton. 
The above has been adjudicated a bankrupt. The public examina- 
tion takes place on the roth inst. 


MESSRS. WILLIAM BAIN, LIMITED, Machine Dealers, 
Aberdeen, have passed a resolution, which has been subsequently 
confirmed, to the following effect :—- 
“That the company be wound up voluntarily ; and that Peter Essle- 
mont, Henry Gray, John Webster, James White, all merchants, and 
William Rain, managing director, all Aberdeen, be liquidators.” 


and Sewing Machine Gazette 









UNPRECEDENTED SUCCESS. 


WORLD'S FAIR CHICAGO 


THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO. 


OBTAINED 






been brought together at any Exhibition. 


THE MANY IMPROVEMENTS IN 


SINGER’S 
NEW SEWING MACHINES. 






and Marvellous Production of Art Work, are 


\A be Of the Great est Surprise and Interest 
= LO THE USERS OF EARLIER STYLES, 


) MACHINES OF ANYBODY'S MAKE REPAIRED OR EXCHANGED. 


__THE SINGER MANUFACTURING C0, 


CITY SHOWROOM : 147, CHEAPSIDE, E.C., 
8 Offices throughout Great Britain and Ireland, 














20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Juty 2, 1894. 
a ee a ca 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS, 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON EEELICATION: AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


THE “BELL” ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD. 
95 NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W, 












== PATENT COMBINATION 


({ easy CARRIAGE 


AND 


MAIL GART. 


Convertible to 4 Positions, 















































































































































GREATEST TRIUMPH IN 


BABY COACH BUILDING. 


NO DEALER OR 
HOME SHOULD BE 
WITHOUT ONE. 








Carriage No. 111, 24 x 14 Wheels, £4 4s Hy A R R O Pp’ S, 


Provisional Patent No. 16502. 


55, TIB STREET (off Oldham Street), 


MANCHESTER. 





CANOPIES! CANOPIES!  —_‘GANOPIES! 
SPECIAL SUMMER OFFER. | 
BRASS and IRON CANOPY FRAMES 


For Mail Carts and Bassinettes. 


PLAIN ann FANCY CANOPY COVERS 


In a Variety of Patterns. 


WY. FOSTER ws COo., 
46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 
The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 








JuLY 2, 1894. 





THE 


American Writ 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE C0.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER, 




















































































Mi 


The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD”? WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hice-Purchase Dealers. 

The ‘HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSHHOLD” WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Consider’ng the quality of the materials used, the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


PROSSSSOLSESODSOSSEDOOOOHESOSOSOSOOOOO 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and indicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
Ve guarantee all 


ee 
tollers in our ma- 





<A 





chines to have an 


os 


equal thickness of 


a 


rubber to that shown 
n the sketch. 











PNISSS SANS SSI NSP NINS NSN NI NI NAS dd I 


ANOTHER POINT— 

The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Our new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application, 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER (0,, 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 


i 


’ GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The mest reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 















SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER, 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with specia 
automatic attachments, 


RIERNATZKI & CO., 


4 ELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





SWIFT GOLD MEDAs. 


RAT TER 


KNITS ccovessuce 


WOOL, SILK, or COTTOY 
TIONS FREE. Lists 2d 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PAl 
2 WINNER iu the WORLT> of 3 GG 
and @ other Honours. IAI RISON KNITTING Mi —2n& CO, 
Works: 48, Up:er Lrook St.. Matcbester. 


HEW HARRISON 





Ae The New 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


J is the only machine in the world 
( which can knit every garment 

= that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what could be done on the 









! «New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and taousands of ladies 


who have entirely abolished hand knitting are now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything in eitner sitk, wool, or cotton. 


Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 














Judgment'in the great tyre case—North British Rubber Company v 
Macintosh—was delivered on the 12th ult., particulars of which are 
given elsewhere. 


a * 
* 


The Palmer Tyre Company have issued a handy little pamphlet, 
entitled ‘‘ Tips on Tyre Repair,” which can be obtained gratis. 


* 


*. 
The Albion Mills Saddlery C ompany, Hertford Street, St. George’s, 
Birmingham, have purchased the business of the Rath Automatic 


Saddle Company, and are working same with considerable success. 
~ * 


” 
During last month the Macbeth Cycle Company, Limited, has been 
formed with £5,000 capital, a 
4 *= 
The ‘ Resilient ” is one of the latest tyres, and is made of a fabric 
which is unstretchable. The sides are very rigidly built, but the running 
surface yields readily. A syndicate—the Kesilient Tyre Syndicate, 
Limited—with a capital of 410,000, is being floated to work the tyre. 


~ 


* 

Mr. Warsop, a Lancashire man, has brought out a new automatic 
tyre inflating apparatus, in which a bracket is fixed on the wheel hub 
carrying a crank-shaft which actuates a small oscillating pump, also 
fixed on the bracket. A flexible tube connects this with the wheel, 
and thus the arrangement works a special spring preventing an excess 
of pressure on the tyre. a 

* 

A new chainless safety, ycelpt the ‘‘ Gleason-Branson,” has just been 
introduced by Mr. Branson, of Philadelphia,-U.S.A. The <lriving- 
gear consists oftwo light parallel rods used in conjunction with two 
small cranks. 

Lat 

A new ball brake for pneumatic tyres has been recently invented 
and patented by Mr. G. Harper, of 24, West Street, Coventry. The 
speciality is that, when applied, the brake does not “gather up” the 
tyre behind the point of contact as does the ordinary brake, 

~ * 


* 
A new idea has been brought into use by the Central Engineering 
Works of York, who have adopted the expedient in racing machines 
of continuing the forks upwards to the rider’s hands, thereby obviating 
the use of handle bars, and giving a gain in lightness and rapidity. 
-_* 


* 
A new repair outfit, at the remarkably low price of Is., has recently 
been introduced by the Beeston Pneumatic Tyre Company. 





22 


A new spring chain wheel has just been brought out by the Spring 
Chain Wheel Syndicate. 


a 








x 





To acquire the rights of Messrs. Starley, Goodman, & A. V. 
Spratley for the manufacture of pneumatic saddles, an d to carry on the 
business in sacdle, and tyre makers, the Spratley Pneumatic 
Saddle Company, Limited, has been registered with a capital of 
£10,0CO. 












ull 


\\ Ta H a) 









wo 
* 
The new electric pneumatic road-car, invented by Messrs. Blum- 
field and G. R. Garrard, and constructed by Messrs. Taylor, Cooper, & 
Bednell, Limited, Raglan Works, Coventry, has been completed during 










Messrs. A. Moritz & Co. are now fully established in their new pre- 
mises at Berners Street. Se 


the past month, and on the 14th ult. maa* - cessful trial trip 7 
of eighteen miles. A new catalogue has just been issued by Messrs. E. Hirsch & Co., 
Mee 59 to 61, Hatton Garden. 
A new tangent Trigwell tyre, on so lines, has been | a 

constructed by the Cycle Rubber ( yse Street, Bir- Messrs. Monington & Weston, Camden Town, have just bro ught 
.mirgham. The cover is held in toa ¢ amanner which, } out a new illustrated list of their pianos, which all dealers shoul] se e- 
it is claimed, does away with side rolling, tscup..__._ yr giving on the eas 

tread. A feature of the tyre is that, in the back cover, sixteen pairs E * 

~“{ tapes branch off diagonally from the centre to each side, and are During the past month Messrs. H. Klein & Co., 84, Oxford Street, have 


‘tioned from centre to end, whilst a band of solutioned canvas is | had on shew the new ‘“‘ Frogmore” model of their August G@ aad. It 
ed all round the ceritre of the cover. This arrangement is said to is a splendid instrument, grand in tone, and powerful ; stands 4 ft. 4 in. 
very successful. high, isa full trichord, and has iron frame ani check repetition action. 


IMPORTANT NOTICE! 


THE “ROYAL GEORGE” CYCLES 


BEAR THIS TRADE MARK. 
SADDLES, 


BAGS, 
LAMPS, 
BELLS, 
WRENCHES. 


Se 


CYCLES, 
FRAMES, 
WHEELS, 
TYRES, 
CEMENTS. 


REGIST. 120883" 










CS yy 


SZ 


NICKEL PLATING, 


STOVE ENAMELLING 


IN OUR FACTORIES 
FOR THE TRADE. 





ROUGH AND FINISHED PARTS. 
REPAIRS 


FOR THE TRADE. 





Hicleeraphic A cdress: Telegraphic ce 
“DIALLAGE, LONDON.” THE mirrm, | DIALLAGE, LONDON.” 


SEND TRADE CARD FOR LIST TO 


THEE St. GEORGE'S CWCLE Co.; 
297 & 298, UPPER STREET, LONDON, N. 


BEDSTEAD as drawn; 
inch Pillars; nine 4 inch 
Rods: Brass Rails ; 
4 ft. Gin. x 6ft. Gin. 


Price LS3/G each. 














Ditto, with seven 2 inch 
Rods, 
Price 11/6 each. 


ee ee 


PERAMBULATOR 
as drawn, Very Special 
Line, 20 x 20 Wheels, 


Ne i fica i . Price 24/= each. » Ls Ae 
WRITE FOR CATALOGUES, CHEAPEST HOUSE IN TRADE, 


LONDON BROS. Harford Street, BIRMINGHAM. 























Juty 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette: 


The Kingsland Manufacturing Co, 


MAKERS OF GOOD, SOUND, RELIABLE 


BICYCLES 


At a Low Price, 


1894 
CUSHIONS, DUNLOP 
£5 12s. 6p. | DETACHABLE, 
£8 10s. 





Other Tyres at equally Low Prices. 


SEND FOR OUR 1894 LIST. 














































































































































































































= S— 
aS = 
=—= 

















= = 












































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Zlem Works: 


3, DOCWRA’S BUILDINGS, KING HENRY’S WALK, KINGSLAND, 


LONDON. Ni. 


24 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Jury 2, 1894. 


ere 


THE CLINCHER” PATENT CASS. 
JUDGMENT FOR PLAINTIFES. 


Judgment in the case of The North British Rubber Com 
pany 7. Macintosh was delivered on the y2th ult., in the 
Chancery Division of the High Courts of Justice, by Mr. 
Justice Romer, as appended. 

As is well known, the case, which was heard in May 
last, was one in which Messrs. The North British Rubber 
Company, the manufacturers of the “Clincher” tyre, 
brought an action against defendant for an alleged in- 
fringement of Patent 16,783 -of 1890, relative to the 
above-named tyre. The infringement was denied, and it 
was denied that the N.B.R. Company were the actual 
inventors. 

His Lordship, in giving judgment, said: The only real 
question in this action is one ofinfringement. The objec- 
tions to the validity of the patent fail, and the patent is a 
valid one, and the invention a valuable and meritorious 
one. On the question of infringement I will first state 
what in my view is the essence of the invention. It isthe 
combination of an outside flexible tyre that can be easily 
removed, because it is not in itselfa complete tube, and of 
an inside complete tube capable of inflation, so that when 
the inside tube is inflated the flexible tyre is kept on to 
the grooved dovetailed metal tyre by the pressure of the 
sides of the flexible tyre against the groove. And the 
_ patentee shows that you may thicken the sides or edges 
of the flexible tyre, whereby obviously you increase the 
grip, and clearly the greater the grip the more difficult it 
will befor the inside tube, if made very elastic, to force 
the flexible tyre out of the narrow mouth of the grooved 
metal tyre. 

Now, in my opinion, what the defendants have done is 
substantially this—they have taken the patentee’s idea, 
and the essence of his invention. All they have done in 
substance by way ot alteration is to increase the size of 
the outside flexible tyre, and the thickening of its edges, 
and to exaggerate the dovetailing of the metal-grooved 
tyre, so aslo give a greater grip, and render it more diff- 
cult for the flexible tyre to be forced out of the mouth of 
the groove, and this enables them to emplvy, as they do, 
for the inflatable inside /tube, a more elastic tube than 
that mentioned in the body of the plaintiff’s specification. 
I think that the defendant’s tyre is an improved form of 
that invented by the patentee, but still in substance the 
patentee’s, andan infringement. Let me now say a few 
words in detail on the various grounds urged by the 
defendant against'the above view. The point which was 
chiefly relied on at the trial, and to which the evidenc 
of the defendant was chiefly directed, was that owing t | 
the way their outside flexible tyre was made (being mac 
partly of cloth cut on the cross), it was not held at all, or 
to any substantial extent, in the groove by the pressure of 
the inside inflated tube forcing its edges against the sides 
of the groove substantially, as described in the plaintiffs’ 
specification. The evidence on this point was consider- 
able and complicated. At the conclusion, if I had been 
bound to decide at once, I should have decided against 
the point, but I felt some doubt, and in hopes of having 
that doubt removed, I suggested that an independent 
expert should be appointed to examine into the matter, 
and report to me. The parties consented to this, and 
agreed in selecting Mr. James Swinburne as the expert. 
That gentleman has acted and reported, and most care- 
fully and ably he appears to have done his work. Any 
doubt I had has been entirely dispelled by his report, and 
it is clear to me that the defendant’s tyre cannot be dis- 
tinguished from the plaintiffs’ on the ground Iam now 
considering. 

Another point taken by the defendant is this, In the 
body of the specification the patentee describes his inside 
tube as made of cloth and indiarubber ; the defendant's 
inside tube is made of indiarubber only. It is said that 
cloth was essential to plaintiffs’, for, otherwise, their in- 
side tube would be too elastic and blow out the inside 
tyre—at any rate would do so if the sides or edges of the 
outside tyre were not sufficiently thickened. 

And the argument is put very ingeniously thus: Ifthe 
plaintiffs’ specification be construed so as to include an 
inside tube made wholly of indiarubber then it is bad, 
because the patentee has not shown in that case how to 
avoid the blowing off cf the outside tyre which would 
ensue, and which would make the tyre useless. But 


ingenious asall this is, it does not appear to me sound. 
The patentee has pointed out by his specification a per- 
fectly good way of carrying his invention into practice. 
The invention worked in the way stated in the body of his 
specification, with an inside tube made of cloth and india- 
rubber, works perfectly well, and no one, practically, 
could feel any difficulty in carrying it out. Ido not 
think he was bound to point out what would be obvious 
to any sensible person, thatthe less cloth you had, and 
the more elastic therefore the inside tube became, the 
more necessity there would be for increasing the grip by 
thickening the sides of the outside tyre, or exaggerating 
the dovetailing of the groove. Clearly, to my mind, the 
patent is not bad on any such ground. But take it that 
so far as the patentee is concerned he has indicated by the 
reference to the cotton that he does uot contemplate his 
inside tube being too elastic or being made wholly with- 
out cotton,and then suppose a man subsequently finds 
that by much increasing the grip referred to in the patent 
he can, without the risk of blowing out the outside tyre, 
make the inside tube more elastic than the patentee 
thought, and wholly drop the cotton, would this enable 
him with impunity, and without being considered an 
infringer, to take and use the whole of the patentee’s in- 
vention so long as he employed the increased grip and the 
more elastic insidetube? 1 think not. 

The next point taken by the defendants is that their 
inside tyre is essentially a complete tube and not an 
arched tyre like the plaintiffs. 

But I am satisfied that the defendant’s outside tyre is 
not a complete tube, but is in all substantial respects, 
though enlarged in size, the same as plaintiffs’ arched 
tyre, and acts in exactly thesame way, and has the same 
advantages as to speedy removal and otherwise of the 
plaintiffs’ tyre. Reference was. made to par. 11 of Mr. 
Swinburne’s report, and the experiment there mentioned 
as. tending to support the view that the defendant’s out- 
side tyre acted as a complete tube. But this suggestion is 
made on an understanding of Mr. Swinburne’s experi- 
ment. The strips which he put on were put not across 
thetube at right angles to the plane of the wheel, but 
lengthways. Mr. Swinburne himself, who was present in 
Court, corroborated this. Lastly, the defendants try to 
make out that their tyre is held in the groove by a diffe- 
rent kind of action from that by which the plaintiffs’ tyre 
is held. Thedefendants say that the plaintiffs’ tyre is 
held in exclusively by frictional action, and that in the 
defendant's case there is no friction. But on the evidence 
and report, I come to the conclusion that this contention 
of the defendant’s is not supported in fact. No doubt 
there is more direct frictional action in the plaintiffs’ case, 
especially in the example where there is no thickening ot 
the sides or edges of the outside tyre. But it is not all 
frictional pressure even in the last example. Youcannot 
have friction without pressure, and pressure of an elastic 
material against an edge, or anything in the nature of an 
edge, tends to thicken the adjacent parts of that material. 
Nor is the defendant’s action wholly free from friction. 
The truth, I think, is that the difference between the two 
is only one of degree, arising from the fact that the defen- 
dants have, as I before mentioned, increased the size of 
the outside flexible tyre and the thickening of its edges, 
and exaggerated the dovetailing of the metal-grooved 
tyre. In both cases thetyre is kept on by the difficulty 
caused in trying to pull a broad thing through a narrower 
opening. ‘The plaintiffs, therefore, in my judgment, are 
entitled to the relief they claim. 

Therefore judgment will be for the plaintiffs with 
costs. 

Mr. Fletcher Moulton: And there will be the injunc- 
tion and inquiry asto damages, and they will deliver up 
allthe infringing articles as usual. And your Lordship 
will certify when the validity of the action came into 
question. The costs will include the costs of the 
expert ? 

His Lordship: Yes. 

Mr. Fletcher Moulton : We will take an account instead 
of damages. 

Mr. Neville: We shall appeal within a fortnight. 

His Lordship: You wili undertake to keep an 
account ? 

Mr. Neville : Yes ; but we should ask that the in- 
junction shall stay pending the appeal. 

Mr. Moulton ; I never heard of it. 


JuLy 2, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 





Mr. Neville cited a case where this was done. 

His Lordship : I think a stay should be granted. You 
see the interests at stake are so very great that if the in- 
junctions were to go now, a serious injury might be done 
to the defendants if they were successful. 

Mr. Moulton : Very well, my Lord. 

Judgment accordingly. 





BENNOR PATENT SEAMLESS HOSIERY 
MACHINE AND BUILDING CO., LIMITED 


With the above title the business of a hosiery and knit- 
ting machine manufacturer and builder, carried on by 
Alexander Banks at Aberdeen Street, Nottingham, was 
registered cn June 21st with a capital of £30,000 in £1 
shares. 


A SEWING MACHINE PATENT CASE. 
THE ENGLISH AND AMERICAN MACHINERY COMPANY, LIMITED, v. 

THE UNION Boot AND SHOE MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 

LIMI1TED, IN RE IMPROVEMENTS IN SEWING MACHINES. 

This was an appeal from a decision of Mr. Justice 
Romer’s, of February 16th, 1894. The action was 
brought to restrain an alleged infringement of a patent 
(No. 4,430, of 1880) for an invention relating to improve 
ments in sewing machines, in which a hooked needle is 
used, such as are employed by bootmakers and saddlers 
in the sewing of leather. The invention consisted of a 
device for getting the thread into the hook of the needle. 
Tt was described in the specification as consisting mainly 
“in a novel form of looper, which ensures the unfailing 
placing of the needle thread into the hook of the needle 
by holding it straight across the path of the needle, thus 
preventing missed stitches being made, which is a very 
frequent occurrence with existing loopers.” 

Lord Justice Lindley said that Mills’ patent had been 
relied upon as an anticipation, but the difference bet ween 
the plaintiffs’ patent and Mills’ was perfectly plain. In 
Mills’ patent the mechanism was so worked as to pre- 
sent the thread to the point of the needle instead of to 





OUR TRADE 


the hook, and there was a danger of the thread catching 
the point. The result was that the patent was never 
worked. The essence of the plaintiffs’ invention was 
that the thread was presented to the needle in such a 
way as toawoid this difficulty. With respect to Ben- 
son’s patent it could not be right to use that against the 
defendants as part of the common knowledge relating to 
the subject-matter without giving them notice of it. 
It had been held that it was not always necessary to 
‘mention in the particulars everything relied upon as 
common knowledge, but if it was sought to rely upon a 
particular specification which was not necessarily common 
knowledge, notice should be given of it. With regard to 
the infringement, it had been ingeniously argued that 
the defendants’ invention might be an infringement of 
Mills’ patent, or of Benson’s patent, but was not an in- 
fringement of the plaintiffs’, but in his Lordship’s opinion 
the infringement was clear. Tie appeal should be dis: 
missed. 
Lords Justices Lopes and Kay concurred. 


THOMAS SEWING MACHINE CO., LIMITED. 


This company was registered on the roth ult., with a 
capital of £20,000 in £5 shares, to acquire and carry on 
the business of sewing machine manufacturers and general 
engineers, now carried on at 30, Aldersgate Street, E.C., 
and elsewhere, by the Thomas Sewing Machine Com- 
pany, Limited, and to continue this business in all its 
branches. The subscribers are :— 


6 Shares. 
FE. Broderip, J.P., Coppington Manor, near Bridgwater... I 


R. L. Townsend, Scotsborough, Queen’s Road, Weston-super- 


Mare, engineer ... aan I 
H. H. Mills, Stroud, solicito nue Res me mee coe I 
D. Hamilton, 30, Aldersgate Street, E.C., sewing machine 

manufacturer es ot 058 on Se I 
R. C. Carpenter, 30, Aldersgate Street, E.C., secretary ... I 
R. Poore, 33, Chaucer Road, S.E., stove manufacturer ... I 


F. H. A. Bell, 15, Queen Street, E.C., solicitor ... a0 600 I 

Many of the regulations of Table A apply. Registered 
by Waterlow Brothers & Layton, Limited, 25, Birchin 
Lane, E.C. 





DIRECTORY. 





SEWING MACHINES AND ACCESSORIES. 
Machines a Coudre. 


Baer & Rempel, Bielefeld, the Phoenix. 

Bradbury & Co., Ltd., Wellington Works, Oldham, and branches. 

Bradbury, C., 249a, High Holborn, London, W.C., Grimme, Natalis, 
& Co.’s machines. 

Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., 59, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., 
the Branston Two-reel machine. 

Bishop’s Cluster Co., 147, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C.,the Gloria 
machine and others. 

Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham, Lanes., the Eclipse machine. 

Jones Sewing Machine Co., Ltd., Guide Bridge, Jones’ machines. 

Kimball & Morton, Ltd., Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, the Lion machine 
and others. 

Lohmann, C., Aldersgate Street, London, E,C., the Electra machine and 
others. 

Murdoch, J. G. & Co., Ltd., 91, Farringdon Road, London, E.C., 
various machines. 

National Sewing Machine Co., Fetter Lane, E.C., the National 
machine: 

Nothmann, Gebr., Berlin. Agent: E. Rausnitz, 184, Aldersgate Street, 
E.C., the Nothmann. 

Patent Button Hole Machine Co., 4, Newgate Street, London, E.C: 

Pfaff, G. M. Agent: Wilhelm & Co., 132, Wool Exchange, London, the 
Pfaff. 

Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C., the high arm 
Naumann machines and others. 

Singer Manufacturing Co., 39, Foster Lne, London, and branches. 

Gordon & Gotch, 15, Bride Street, London, E.C., the Domestic. 

Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., Lim., Albion Street, Birmingham, 
Daniel Jones’ Patent Two-reel machine. 

Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley, Yorks, the Cyclops machine. 

Vertical Feed Co., 24, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Vertical 
Feed Machine. b 

Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 

White Sewing Machine Co., 48, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., the White 
machine, 


Wheeler & Wilson Co., 21, Queen Victoria Street, E,C., the Wheeler 
and Wilson machine. 
Webster, H., 442 & 444, Harrow Road, London, W., the New Home 
machine. 
Zschwinzscher, G., 102, Fenchurch Street, E.C., Biesolt & Locke’s 
machines. 
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 
Bell, W. and Co., 95, New Bond Street, London, W. 
Grover and Wood, 62, Glengall Road, London, S.E. 
Lohmann, C., address given above. 
Murdoch, J. G. and Co., Ltd. (automatic, etc.), do. : 
Peters and Co.. do. 84, Oxford Street, London, W. 
Whight, G. and Co., Regent Street. 
KNITTING MACHINES. 
Machines a Tricoter. 
Biernatzki and Co., 44, Mansfield Road, Nottingham. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Harrison Knitting Machine Co., Manchester. 
Rothwell & Co., Lim., Bolton. 
Stibbe, G., 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 
BEDSTEADS. 
Atlas Bedstead Co., Bilston, Staffs. 
WASHING AND WRINGING MACHINES. 
Machines a Laver. 
Acme Machine Co., Henrietta Street, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
American Wringer Co., 122, Southwark Street London, 
rubber wringers. 
Cherry Tree Machine Co., Cherry Tree, Lancs., washers and mangles. 
Kimball & Morton, Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
Taylor & Wilson, Atlas Works, Accrington. 
BICYCLES. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Oxford Cycle Co., Oxford. 
St. George’s Cycle Co. .Upper Street, London, N, 
Roberts, H. S., Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, Bucks. 
Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C. 
Victoria Manufacturin Co,, 78, Hanoyer Street, Glasgow. 


Sk bg 


26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Jury 2, 1894. 





LOOK! Agents wanted to introduce 
reliable cycles at popular prices on the easy- 
payment system. Dunlop Pneumatic Safeties 
from £10 10s. Handsome commission paid 
UIST he = immediately the order is accepted. No further 
So Ss trouble; no risk.—Address, Manager, Ivanhoe 
‘Cycle Works, Castle Cary, Bath. 








AGENCIES. — CHARLES J. WEBB (ten years 
< Manager for Bradbury & Co., Lim.), having opened Show 
Rooms in central position, wants good Agencies, either buying or 
otherwise.—Address, 75, Stokes Croft, Bristol. 





OLLS.— Our Cash Prices for Sewing Machine Oils 
are: 20z. I4s., 3 0z. 16s., 4 0z. 18s. per gross, in panelled 
bottles. Oil guaranteed the best, or oils matched.—Address, The 
“Manager,” Lady Bridge Oil Works, 54, Spring Street, Hull. 





MpRAVELLER WANTED to appoint Purchasing 

Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful invention in 
Knitting Machines before the Trade. Only serious men_ holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 
Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 





WANTED, AGENTS for the NEW ROTHWELL 
CIRCULAR AND FLAT KNITTING MACHINES. 
For tenns, &c., apply to W. Rothwell & Co., Limited, Albert Works, 


Bridgman Street, Bolton. 





T. GEORGEH’S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 
Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1894 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, and stove - enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubb er pedals 


was the novelty of the National Show. 

£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 

ditch, London, or Birmingham. 














THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 

which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. . 





YCLES.—Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 

pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 

your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 

wanted everywhere.—78 t> 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. 





EWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 
first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. 








VV ANTED, ADDRESSES of Wholesale Traders in 
novelties of merit.—Fancy Repository, 88, Cheetham Street, 
Rochdale. 





AGENTS WANTED, to sell Priestley’s Improved 
Charcoal Smoothing or Laundry Irons, and Coal Economisers, 
&c. Manufacturers, Priestley & Co., Gibbet Street, Halifax, Yorks. 





\ K JANTED, First-class PURCHASING AGENTS 

for the Rothwell Knitting Machines. Will give sole agency 
and most liberal terms to good men.—Apply, W. R. & Co., Ltd. 
Albert Works, Bridgmai Street, Bolton. 





A MEMBER of the H.T.P,A., having extensive show 

rooms in central position in a good town, is open to receive on 
consignment and to purchase for prompt cash, saleable lines in 
Domestic Machinery, Furniture, Cycles, Bassinettes, Musical Instru- 
ments, &c.—Address, ‘‘ Alpha,” c/o Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





Anyone receiving a free copy of this issuers respectfully asked 
to take it as a courteous invitation to become aregular reader, either 
as a subscriber or by ordering the paper from his nearest newsagent, 


making use of the proper form provided on another page. 











JOHN GOUGH & CO., 


WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS, 
20, GROSS STREET, SWAN STREET, MANCHESTER. 








BASSINETTES, 


BASSINETTES, 





In Endless Variety. 


PATENT RUN-STRAIGHT BASSINETTES. 
GOOD SALEABLE DESIGNS AT VERY LOW PRICES. 


Travelling Trunks from 11s. per Nest of Four. 


PNEUMATIC TYRE CYCLES 45S. 


FURNITURE OF EVER) Deh Ween) 


CARPETS, OILCLOTHS, LINOLEUMS, UPHOLSTERERS’ TRIMMINGS. 


CLEVELAND 


AMERICAN ORGANS, 


MEISSLER & ALBERT BROWNE PIANOFORTES 


FULL LISTS ON APPLICATION. 


, JULY 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. a” 





BIG DISCOUNTS. BIG PROFITS. 


VACANCIES in a FEW TOWNS for LIYE AGENTS. 


NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE, 








YOU WANT TO SEW 
ot a 





NYTHING, 
NY WHERE Vrur “wa o” 1s EVER REANVT B 
NY SHAPE, \THE‘NO.”ISEVERREADYTODOIT,.<“ 
NY TIME, 














It took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading machines of the world as the most advanced 
sewing machine mechanism. 


The rotary principle is the true one and wins every time. 


Agents wanted wherever not represented. Address for terms, 


WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CO.,, 
21, Queen Victoria Street, London E.G, 





28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JULY 2, 1894. 























The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 


Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., South Street, 


Finsbury, London, E.C. 


Patent Agents, 4, 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT 

9,579. W. P. Mason and D. L. Aspinwall, for a pleating machine 
for making all kinds of pleating, kilting, flutings and trimmings of 
various kinds. 

9,758. J. C. Combes, for improvements in and relating to knitting 
machines. 

10,076. J. R. Sykes, for improvements in apparatus for sewing 
machines. 

10,446. V. A. P. Louis, for improved means or arrangement of 
mechanism to facilitate the rock motion of children’s cots and cradles. 

10,493. G. Sowter, for improvements in circular knitting machines. 

10,527. W.L. Wise, a communication from R. Theiler, of Switzer- 
land, for improvements in orin connection with sewing machines. 

10,551. H. Bean, for a combined mail-cart perambulator and lug- 
gage carrier. 

10,697. C. A. Haupt, for an improved button-hole attachment for 
sewing machines. 

10,804. E. E. Evans and W. W. Tonkin, for an improved machine 
for sewing cloths in the piece. 

10,903. H. H. Lake, a communication from S. H. Wheeler, of 
United States, for improvements in sewing machines. 

10,937. H.J. Haddan, a communication from G. W. Baker, of 
United States, for improvements in tension devices for sewing 
machines. 

11,031. L. Lindley, for improvements in sewing and in machines 
employed therein. 

11,203. J. Harrop, for an inproved convertible mail-cart and 
bassinette. 

11,228. P.R. J. Willis, a communication from N. Braddish and 
J. Wilcox, of United States, for an improved baby walker and chair 
combined. 

11,257. W. Bowden, for improvements in tuck sewing machines. 

11,351. J. A, Claringburn, for improvements in knitting machines. 

11,383. B. Dukes, a communication from Fuchs and Rosenberger, 
of Germany, for improvements in apparatus for holding fabrics, 
garments, or the like, whilst sewing, stitching, or similarly working the 
same. 

11,638. J. B. Braun, C. Clerc, and C. Leriche, for improvements in 
embro idering machines. : 

11,699. J. Hill, for an improved perambulator joint. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUB!ISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 


No. 12,755. Lockstitch Sewing Machines. 
Saxony. Dated 29th June, 1893. 

The principal object of this invention is to unite by a butt-joint the 
edges of a rolled-up piece of fabric, and, after a hose has been thus 
formed, to sew the double border with back-stitching by simply 
changing the direction of the seam 90per cent. The machine is 
applicable also for producing ornamental designs on tubular fabrics, 
as both the width of the seam and the length of the stitches are 
adjustable. 

No. 4,149. Sewing Machines. R. Haddan, a communication from 
the Scott Shoe Machinery Company, of New York, U.S.A. Dated 
17th February, 1894. 

Relates particularly to the construction of the bobbin holder, 
together with its non-rotary support, and the construction and opera- 
tion of the loop carrier, which serves to spread the loop of the sewing 
thread, and to pass the same over the bobbin holder and the bobbin, 
which are placed loosely into the fixed support, so that the loop 
of the sewing thread gan be finally drawn up by the take-up 
mechanism. 

No. 4,438. Lockstitch Sewing Machines. 
on-Thames. Dated 2nd March, 1894. 

In two-reel lockstitch sewing machines a take-up lever formed with 
a hook, and operated by means of a special cam, is employed to take 
up the thread between the point of the needle and the material being 
sewn aftereachstitch. A pivoted thread carrier is combined with the 
reel holder, the hooked end of the thread carrier being kept in contact 
with a groove on the shuttle by a spring, in order to carry the thread 
loop over and free of the shuttle, as the latter is reciprocated below 
the bed plate of the machine. 

No. 5,224. Sewing Machine. W. Kempton and D, Macrae, of 
Belfast. Dated 13th March, 1894. 

The main object is to provide mechanism wherely plain or zig-zag 
stitching and also button-hole stitching can be done on the same 
machine without the addition thereto of attachments, and the like or 
the alteration of any of the parts. 


B. Kohler, of Chemnitz, 


J. Graham, of Kingston- 





UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IsSUED AND DATED May 157TH, 1894, 


519,897. R. J. Woodward, Waukegan, presser foot for sewing 
machines. 

519,909. E. C. Holland, Austin, Ill., end cap for cylinder sewing 
machines. 


IsSUED AND DATED MAY 22ND, 1894. 


520,208. J. Kohler, Limbach, Germany, for a machine for sewing 
looped fabrics. 

520,209. J. Kohler, machine for sewing looped fabrics. 

520,292. J. W. Betz, Brooklyn, N.Y., felling attachment for sewing 
machines. 

520,303. W. Cutts, Tabernacle, N.J., warp-frame attachment for 
knitting machines. 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit. the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Tron and Steel Work for Bath Chairs, Bassi- 
aettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
ane best workmanship at low prices for 
> cash. 








THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 


Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at : 
WHOLESALE PRICES, ,°RRY 


S41 = Organette for GBS /= Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 


Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 















3 Stops, 
VYox-humana, By Royal 
i Letters 
Expression, on 
and Flute. — Z a atent, 
Bt iuiaae AHR a aS A 
Two ial vl HAA ep gf 7" 
Complete i (9 (ea ~ iS ere 
| Child 
Sets of ee 2 ; 
Reeds. n Play it. 














Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., etc. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 


FoR PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE _IRONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD., 
who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. 


Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, 


a large quantity always in stook. 


TIMEPIECES 16/6 PER DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE, 


JULY 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 29 


BENJAMIN POOLE, 


ESTABLISHED 1860, 





} BQ 


















































































































































































































THE LARGEST 


BASSINETTE (ites WANUPACTURER 


and 







































































R = 
a SO MIDLANDS. 
MAKER. Tee 58 








PATENTEE OF THE 
DETACHABLE 


= ss wl nest SHAFT, 
40; BRISTOL STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 


S= SEWING MACHINES 


tte BOUDOIR, FAMILY USE, & MANUFACTURING purposes. 
az Are the BEST and MOST COMPLETE MACHINES in the Market. 22 
MAKE A PERFECT LOCKSTITCH. WILL SEW FROM THE 
FINEST MUSLIN TO THE STOUTEST CLOTH. 
Are the most Simple in Construction. The most Silent in Action. 
WOODWORK TASTEFULLY INLAID WITH MOSAIC. 


SEIDEL & NAUMANN, 
28, MOOR LANE, LONDON, B.C. 


RELIABILITY ! 


SUPERIOR FINISH! © 
WARRANTED QUALITY! 


LATEST PATTERNS! 
SUPERIOR WORKMANSHIP! 
ELEGANCE & LOW PRICE! 
COMPETITION DEFIED! 

INSPECTION INVITED! 


i 


aN 


—— <a 


PRICE LISTS 


ON APPLICATION. 
















































































’ 1,600 Workmen. Yearly Production: f j j 7 
NAUMANN’S FACTORY —Sic0o sewing "itacnines. 10,000 Gyetes, Buy NO Machine without seeing the Trade Mark. 
SEIDEL & NAUMANN’S CYCLES were Exhibited at the National Cycle Show, Crystal Palace, and gained the Highest Notice of all Cycle Papers, 
Wholesale Department :—Pianos, Musical {nstruments, Musical Albums, Etc., Htc. 
ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST AND FULL PARTICULARS FREE ON APPLICATION. 





° 
5 


We also 


ines at the samerates 


JULY 2, 1894 
inting his 


1,000 7/6 


,000. 


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4/9 perl 


3; and 10,000, 


1,000 


3,000, G/- per 


to Sewing Mach 


ing 


publish a Pictorial Circular relat 


Pn en nn eee 


SEWELL & Co., 28, 


LONDON. 


Paternoster Row, 

















Youvingwisd Y 
asn S300, OHM 
O7 40 YSHLOW VW GN 











WoLwIndWyYad Y 
3SNM LON S300 OHM 


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Juny 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 4i 





THE “SPRAY” WASHER. 


Gold Medal awardea at the Lancashire Industrial Exhibition, 1893. 


GO 


The “SPRAY” is a : 
It is the most perfect 


Wringer and Mangle, 
Washer ever offered, 














with Washing Machine 





























and dealers have a 

















attached, and takes up 












































splendid opportunity 




















no more room than the 
to make money by 
ordinary Mangle, It 
introducing it to their 





works well, quickly, 
customers. 

and very easy, and : 

| Catalogue and trade 

is as easy to work full 

terms on application, 








as ay eas 
ed 














as empty. 


Sole Manufacturers—THE CHERRY TREE MACHINE C0., CHERRY TREE, near BLACKBURN, 
London Showroom, &.—R, J, JOHNS, 59, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C. 


BAER «<& REmwPrpreEt, 
Bielefeld, Germany. 








































































































































































































































































































































































































= SSN = = == SS = = A 

Rotary Motion Triumphant ! . THE PHQINIX SPOOL MACHINES, for Family Use and 

Manufacturing Purposes, are the most SILENT, the most RAPID, and the most DURABLE 
Sewing Machine in existence. WRITE FOR PARTICULARS. 

gar SOLE AGENCY for Unoccupied Territory in England, Scotland, and Ireland will be given to responsible parties, 


General Wholesale Agent for the United Kingdom: C, LOHMANN, 386, Aldersgate Street, FC, 





















































32 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JULY 2, 1894). 


CAND rae 









(uw 
4 casy) 









ET AIN MACHINE 
SWIFT SILENT 











1m 












































































































































































































































































































SIMPLE ;\) STRONG 


2 Wl : ze 
The Eclipse Hand Machine is the BEST and CHEAPEST in the Trade. 
It pays AGENTS and SHIPPERS much better to handle this machine in 
preference to any other, and no dealer's stock is complete without it. 
Once tried always bought. 
SHIPPERS specially invited to write for sample Machine and terms. 


Manufacturers and patentees of the “ECLIPSE” MEDIUM FAMILY 
OSCILLATOR AND FAMILY HAND SEWING MACHINES, 


THE “ECLIPSE” KNITTING MACHINE. The QUICKEST and BEST 
Machine in existence for MANUFACTURING AND DOMESTIC USE. 
SIMPLE IN CONSTRUCTION, EASY TO LEARN, and LIGHT RUNNING. 


Send for Mlustrated Lists and Wholesale Terms to the 


Sole Manufacturers: 


Tue “ECLIPSE” MACHINE €0., OLDHAM, 


(LATE SHEPHERD, ROTHWELL, & HOUGH.) ~ 























JULY 2, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 


VARLEY & WOLFENDEN, 


KEIGHLEY, ENGLAND, 



















SOLE 
MANUFACTURERS | 
OF THE 


CYCLOPS 
=. — Lockstitch 
iy Sewing Machines‘ )) 


FOR 
Domestic 
and Manufacturing 
Purposes 
Also Manufacturers 
of Wringing an 
Mangling Machines. 


























































































































‘These Machines are 
made from the Best | 
Materials, and cannot £ 


durability. 





SHIPPING ORDERS : 
EXECUTED ON THE 


SHORTEST NOTICE. oe 








THE 


Vietoria Manufacturing Co, 


Head Office and Works— 
18 to 82, HANOVER ST., and 71, CATHEDRAL ST., GLASGOW. 


CYCLES, 


The Best and Cheapest in the Market ; up to date in every respect, with Dust Proof Barrel Brackets. Light 
Weight and High-class Finish a Specialty. Good Discounts to Agents. Write for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms ; 
you will find it to your advantage. 


SEWING MACHINES. 


Unequallea for Easy Running. Handsome Appearance and Perfect Stitch. Cheapest in the Trade. 
Special Machines for all Classes of Work. Agents are invited to Write for Prices and Terms. 





THE “ACME” ICE CREAM FREEZERS 


ARE THE BEST. 


Illustrated Catalogue and Trade Prices on Application to the Sole Makers, 


“ACME” MACHINE COMPANY, 


Manufacturers of WASHING MACHINES, WRINGING MACHINES, 
MANGLES, TUB STANDS, CARPET SWEEPERS, KNIFE and FORK 
CLEANERS, PERAMBULATORS, MAIL CARTS, &c., 


HENRIETTA STREET, GLASGOW, 





34 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 









































JULY 2, 1894. 
SPECIALITIES. 


SACK, SAIL, 


SS JARPAULIN, & 
BELT SEWING MACHINES. 


OSCILLATOR, 
MEDIUM, 
FAMILY, & 

















HAND Sewing Machinas, 



















































































KILTING, CASING, AND 











WRINGING MACHINERY. 
































I Seva === 







































































Liberal Terms to Dealers. 





(ESTABLISHED 1867. 


SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS, 


BOJHWELL CIRCUS, GLASCOW. 


Branches— 


62, Reform St., DUNDEE, and iia, Norfolk St, MANCHESTER 
56, Aldermanbury, LONDON, E.C. 


PRAM RUGS, GOAT SKIN. 


From 16s. per dozen. 


White, Grey, Black or Brown Skins, mounted on different colour 


Cloths with pinked borders. 
Send 21s. for assorted sample dozen, and four sizes, 


SPECIAL TERMS TO FACTORS. 
WHOLESALE ONLY. 


HANDEL WHEATLEY, EVESHAM. 
TO INVENTORS. 


General Patent Office. Established 1830. 
G. F. REDFERN & CO. 


4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBURY, 


LONDON. 

ROVISIONAL PROTECTION for 9 months under the 
new Act, £3 3s. ; to complete the Patent for 4 years, 
47 7s. French Patent, including first year’s tax, £8; 
Belgian Patent, £4; Imperial German Patent, £10 10s. ; 
United States Patent, including all expenses for tlie whole 
term, 417 10s. Circular of information as to the mode of 
proceeding in applying for Letters Patent, cost of European 
Patents generally, and also of Colonial Patents, forwarded 
upon application, Trade Marks and Designs registered in 

England and Abroad. [Telephone No. 169. 


REGISTERED TELEGRAPHIC ADpRESS:— “‘ INVENTION, London.” 


PRAM RUGS, GOAT SKIN. 

























































































Hire Agreemant Forms for 
Perambulators on Easy Terms. 


SEWELL & Co, 


28, Paternoster Row, London. 


HIRE AGREEMENT FORMS. 


The best form compiled, used by most of the trade. 
Price 6d. per dozen, 3/9 per 100. 


HIRE INSTALMENT CARDS. 


Strongly: bound instalment cards with the hire 

terms at the back. Price 1/- per dozen, 7/6 per 100. 

Dealer’s name and address printed if required, 
extra charge, 2s. 


Sewell © Co., 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


THE LATEST & BEST PRAM. 


YET INVENTED IS THE 


“ECLIPSE PATENT,’ . 


Aud any Maker can be supplied with the Patented Parts. 


Write for prices and drawings. 


G. R. PRICE, Perambulator Works, 


GOOCH STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 





=" 


gee§ Wim ae 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. : ple apaivtcanc a0s (1 
Send 


AuG. 1, 1894 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS « 
MAIL CARTS 





a Post Card for cur 
New 76-page Price 
List. ae 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 
















of every 
deceniption London Agent — 
Mr. GEO, PEARCE, 
and 
quality, 09, Holborn 
to Viaduct, 
suit 
E.C. 
all 
Trades. <= 


¥ ‘ 






D SOWEN, near BRWINSHAM. 


(<> THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR C0., Limited, HALE 
TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE. 








G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 
ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, SAMPLES, etc., Post Free. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C* 
RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


AGENCY — Wanted, Sole Agency for Sewing Machines, 

Perambulators, &c., or would arrange to open branch depot® 
Excellent references and security.—Address, H. W., Sewing Machine 
Gazette Office. 








1 


ING’S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 18, 

Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 

terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 
Silver Watches, &c., &c. 





EEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 
Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W. 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 





HUNTS AUTOMATIC -LIGHTING CYCLE 
LAMPS.—The “‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 


Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 








pDSrRicT MANAGER of Depots (just resigned) 

open for engagement in any capacity over collector-salesmen. 
Twenty years’ varied experience in the ‘‘ Hire Trade” with Singers’ 
and other companies.—D., 11, Elford Terrace, Leeds. 





OOD DOMESTIC MACHINERY BUSINESS to 

Dispose of in leading town, county Durham. Good connection 

with railway men. Established 18 years. Rent low. Ingoing 

moderate. Rare opportunity for young, pushing man. _ If desired, 

stock at valuation. Declining business solely through ill-health.— 
Apply H. Robinson, 77, Parkgate, Darlington. 


A 





LIMITED OUANTITY of NYE'S BEST 
REFINED AMERICAN SPERM SEWING MACHINE 


Mopwieh: OIL, well and neatly packed in square panelled bottles, in 

clean and splendid condition, securely packed in gross cases; 2 0Z. 

BEES! BELTS) BELTS MG — Bor Sewing Pe eg 195 Beets nett cash. Sample, 3d. stamps.— Egdell & 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted SE ese 


lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—larvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 





HE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY |} 


require a gocd salesman-collector for the S.E. and S.W. London 
Districts.—Apply by letter only to White Sewing Machine Company, 
48, Holborn Viaduct. 





CYCLE AGENT in large Yorkshire town, having 

shop in leading thoroughfare, is open to take up agencies on com- 
mission during the winter.—Acdress ‘“‘ Business,” care of Sewing 
Machine Gazette Office. 


4 





EEDLES.—Family and medium, 2s. per gross ; large 
quantities very cheap; Howe Bb, 3s. 6d. per gross. Every 
needle warranted perfect.—S. Cox & Co., Alcester, 


Our cash prices for finest Sewing Machine Oils are: 
—2 0Z,, 148.; 3 0%, 16s. } 4 02, 18s. per gross, in 
panelled bottles. Oil guaranteed the best ; oils 
matched. Every kind of oil loose—Sewing 
Machine, ts. 6d. per gallon; Cycle Burning, Is. 9d. 
per gallon; Cycle Lubricating, 1s, 6d. per gallon, 
&e. Correspondence solicited.—Isaac Spencer & Co, (late Lady 
Bridge Oil Works), High Street, Hull. 
(See page 26 for other advertisements.) 











The Journal of Domestic 


: i bs 


Appliances Aue. 1, 1894. _ 


a 
t 


fHE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1s. per-quarter, post free. which includes 
af free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—as. 6d. per annum, or 9d. per quarter, post free. 


» Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 


Coniributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjectsinvited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises, &c., in their several towns. 


Trade Informationi—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
Stamp. for reply. z 


Replies to Advertisements,—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 


In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘¢ Publisher,” or 
‘* Editor,” at the address given below. 


Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application, 


List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 


Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 


Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would @// our readers do likewise? 


% SEWELL & Co., Publishers, 
28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
R London, E.C. 


























_ trader will sink in order to gain his ends. 


On another page will be found an article, 
taken from the Drapery World, dealing with 
the methods of trading adopted by a certain 
section of the drapery trade. It is really time that a full 
disclosure was made as to the tactics of these gentry. 
Our readers well know the position we have taken up on 
this subject. We hold, firstly, that the draper has no 
moral right to treat the wares of distinct trades as ‘call 
birds” by exposing them in his window ticketed at cost 
price, or even less, with the deliberate object of giving 
the public the impression that all the articles sold at the 
establishment are equally cheap. Our contemporary 
very happily uses the phrase of lifting the bait from the 
hook, and it is undeniable that if the public would only 
purchase from the “cutting draper”’ just such goods as 
are shown in the window, aud znszsted upon having the 
actual article bearing the ticket, the modern mammoth 
draper would soon be as extinct as the dodo. We have 
‘before remarked, and in all truthfulness, that the 
“cutting draper 2 has made more enemies than any other 
tradesman. Unfortunately, his methods appear to have 
paid him handsomely, judging from such insight into his 
business as recent company prospectuses allow. It is 
surprising, however, the depths to which this-class of 
Our readers 
may have noticed that the remarkable success of such 
businesses is often said to bé due to selling at a small rate 
of profit ; yet a met dividend of from 7 to 10 per cent. is 
said to be certain to all investors ! 
traders generally has, we fear, of late been on the down- 
grade, but it has been left to the draper to touch a lower 
depth in this respect than any of his fellow traders. 


The Wily 
Draper. 


What is the matter with trade? On all 
hands we hear the most distressing reports. 
At this time of the year the sales of sewing 
machines generally show a decline ; but perambulators, 
mail-carts, and cycles should be in brisk demand. Almost 
every manufacturer of carriages and cycles, however, is 
complaining of trade being the worst on record. We 
have before us a letter from a perambulator manufacturer, 
who is generally busy even when others are slack, yet he 
gives a most pitiful account of trade. It is but poor 
‘solace to know that other nations are now haying a bad 
time, but such is the fact. Trade in Germany, Austria, 
France, Switzerland, and Belgium, we are told by a recent 
visitor to these countries, is most unsatisfactory ; and as 
to the United States—well, it is simply awful. There is, 
however, a silver lining to the black cloud ; our harvest 
is certain to be phenomenally good, and this will surely 
mean better trade next year 


The State 
of Trade. 


The morality of- 


AN IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER. 


Mr. William Bain, the well-known sewing machine 
and cycle dealer, of 9, Bridge Street, Aberdeen, writes us 
that the William Bain, Limited, of Aberdeen, referred to 
in our last issue as having been voluntarily wound up, 
are coachbuilders, and that this dissolution has nothing 
whatever to do with his own business. _ : 

Our correspondent informs us that our insertion of the 
note.ve William Bain, Limited, might have a prejudicial 
effect on his business, which we should deeply regret. 
We therefore hasten to explain to our readers that 
curiously enough there are two William Bains in Aber- 
deen, and that no reference to “ William Bain, Limited,” 
must be taken as concerning “ William Bain” without 
the affix, as the two businesses have nothing whatever in 
common, = 2 














ON RETAILING SEWING MACHINES. 


We have received a copy of the special supplement to 
the Sewing Machine Times of New York, giving a reprint 
of the prize essays on the above subject. To Mr. Martin 
iL. Wilson, a machine dealer at Attica, Indiana, was 
awarded the first prize for the following essay:— 

My contribution for the instruction and encourage- 
ment of agents and dealers and their employes in the 

* selling of sewing machines will be from an experience of 
twenty-two years. 

1st. The proper way to begin the business is to secure 
the best machine made, one that has standing as well as 
practical value. Get exclusive control of as much territory 
as you expect to work thoroughly. 

2nd. Buy in small lots, and pay cash. You can do 
better this way, even if you have to borrow your capital. 
Better have a shipment of five machines coming in at 
your front door every week for ten consecutive weeks 
than one shipment of fifty. every ten weeks ; it is certainly 
a better card for you, as your stock is fresh all the time. 
People notice the arrivals and talk about you. 

3rd. By all means handle dwt one machine. I urge 
this strong. Your old machines that you trade in and 
refit, which you should do, together with your ‘re- 
possessions, will make all tne low-priced machines you 
cap use at a better profit to you, and more satisfactory to 
your customers than cheap new machines. _—___ ._. 

4th. Geta nice show-case, at least six or eight feet 
long, and fill it nicely with all kinds of needles, oil, parts 
and attachments, and be ready to catch all repair trade, 
which will be large and profitable 1f you work-for it. I 
make from twenty-five to forty dollars a month out of it. 
Charge a good price for your repairing, but doit thorough 
and prompt. Never let a slighted job go out of your 
office. This business alone will bring you before the 
public better than any other scheme you can devise. Be 
prompt in your promises on your work and warrant it. 

sth. Keep your officeand shop, howeyer small, clean 
and inviting, carpet or matting on the floor, adorn tthe 
walls with sewing machine products of some kind, have 
everything comfortable and convenient without extrava- 
gance. If possible (and it is) have your room deyoted- 
to your business alone. You will have enough work re- 
pairing and adjusting to keep it open all the time, and be 
there yourself always. Let folks come in to your repair- 
ing department and see you with your sleeves up and at 
work. They will have more confidence in you if they see 
with their own eyes that you can master your business. 

6th. Get young men for your assistants ; they can 
endure more, and take much better than old men. The 
business is undergoing a change in this respect just now. 


| Pick up a bright young man or two-—as many as you 


need, out of your own town. Send them tothe general 
office for a week or ten days, help the company to pay the 
‘expense to start them right, and you will have better 























AvG. 1, 1894, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 13 





results than to hire old men ‘with a record.” You can 
teach them the adjusting and repairing of old machines 
yourself, during odd hoursand rainy days. You need not 
resort to old time “trickery” and “schemes ” to sell 
machines now—better that your men know nothing about 
it. : 2 
7th. Buy a small space in your weekly paper, if in the 
country ; tell the people ina plain way what machine 
you sell, and that you adjust and repair all kinds of 
machines, and have for sale needles, oil, and supplies. 
Keep the ‘‘ad” in the same place in the paper each-week, 
and change the wording every month. Ifin the city use 
circulars, dodgers, ‘&c.,and put them regular once a month 
in the homes of as many as you can. : 
8th. Let politics and all ‘* outside snaps” alone; you 
have plenty to do inside of your office to keep you profit- 
ably employed. Get your name before the people as a 
Sewing machine man, as a prompt and reliable one, and 
keep it there. 
accommodate ir the little things pertaining to the 
business. 2 
gth. Pay your help all they are worth. For twenty 
years I have paid salary, and find it the best way. Ihave 
never had a man leave me but what he would come back 
and work for me again if circumstances favoured it. No 
-need of trouble on this line. Be free with your help in all 
the details ofthe business. Have them know what you 
want done, how you want it, and when ; furnish the best 
material and tools youcan get for them to work with. 
Don't allow them to make any promise that you cannot 
fill cheerfully and promptly ; set the example of honesty, 
integrity, and. hard earnest work yourself, and your 
employes will soon fallin with you and make you money, 
Raise their wages whenever ycu see they are meriting it. 
Surprise them in this way ; it will pay you. When one 
of your help is doing you no good, don’t cut his wages. 
Just tell him firmly his trouble or fault,and pay him off 
and let him go. 
1oth. Cultivate acquaintances ; be sociable, be gene- 
rous, people like to be called by their names. When 
called on by solicitors and committees to contribute for 
various expenses in your circle of friends, don’t argue a 
minute. Give them something if it is ever so small. You 
can sow good seed in this way. Contract debts with your 
grocer or tailor if you wish, but pay every time you agree 
to. This is worth dollars to you. 
11th. The best advertisement, for the cost, I ever used 
in this country is to paint the fences. I know whereof I 
speak. You cando this yourself. Takea bucket of white 
and one of black paint, and a large and small brush, and 
follow every road out of your town for at least eight miles. 
Put two signs close together, say fifty to one hundred feet 
apart, always on the right hand side of the road as you 
drive in town. Paint the board white and letter in black 
something like this: ‘‘Jones sells the best sewing 
machine.”’- “Buy your needles and oil of Jones.’’ Place 
two signs similar to these every half-mile on the road. 
You can do one roadeach day. This gives you a lasting 
sign and will be read every time a farmer passes. Make 
the signs of good white lead and oil, and the letters as 
deep asthe fence board is wide, and you will find it very 
attractiveand profitable. 
12th. Keep your books, notes, and accounts correct, as 
plain a system as you can adopt, but have “a system.’’ I 
use a lease note like one enclosed for everything I sell on 
time. Itis plain, short, and has stood the test of the 
Courts. Ihave arecord book in which I record every note 
as it comesin, This note is read to the customer and 
every detail explained before the saleis closed. It is the 
best paper between the seller and purchaser I ever used. 
Don’t let payments lapse. Get to your customer or write 
them at once and you will have less trouble. Let them 
kuow you are in the business for money, and that they 
must meet their obligations. They wiilstand all of this. 
Don’t let your office work get behind. Keep everything 
uptodate. As your business increases put on more force ; 
‘don’t try to do four men’s work with three ; it won’t pay. 
Keep moving. 
13th. Look well after the old machines. We make 
good profit out ofthem. We take them all down, supply 
worn-out parts, adjust all lost motion, clean and repair 
woodwork, paint the stands with bright, black coach paint, 
give wood two coats of varnish, gild all letters, supply each 
machine with accessories. All this costs about one to two 


Make your word good and be ready to 


dollars each machine. 


a 


We then get from ten to twenty 
dollars for each one, so yousee the profitis good. We 
warrant them to sew for five years, with the privilege of 
trading them ona new one at any time in the five years 
at five dollars less than they paid forthem. Our profits 
on these alone run from fifty to one hundred dollars a 
month. I doall this withthe aid of one man, and: sell 
from eighty to one hundred new machines each year. 

14th. Never trust to memory ; always keep a book for 
pointers, itis necessary. If Mrs. Smith’s machine needs 
attention. and shesends for you ina hurry to help her out, 
don’t keep her waiting, but get to it as soon as possible. 
You can please her so much easier, and she will remember 
the accommodation. If you put her off, and she has to go 
to the party in her oid dress, when, if you had responded, 
she could have worn her new one, rest assured she cannot 
speak a good word for you to her friendsand neighbours. 
Everybody has influence—secure it if possible in your 
favour. 

15th. Be sure to getup and out early. Start your help 
out in the morning in good time; have a kind word for 
all of them ; let them know that you are interested in 
them and want them to succeed and prosper. Keep your 
horse and wagon in good shape; never let anything grow 
rickety around you, impress the people that you are in it 
to stay. A stylish horse, a nice-lettered wagon, and a 
good driver, is a winning card alone. 

r6th. Subscribe for and read all the sewing machine 
papers. Keep well posted in your line of business, don’t 
bother any competitor, conform to no iron-clad rule, fit 
the demands to meet the case. 

17th. In every case where there is an old machine in 
the trade, and you make the allowance for it, be sure and 
haul it away from the house. Don’t tell your customer 
that you can give her ten or twelve dollars for it, and then 
after the trade is made tell her to keep it, as you don’t 
want to be bothered with hauling it back. This will ruin 
you. If it is worthless, take it off with you and dump it 
in the river or give it to the junk-man, but get it out cf 
sight. Keep prices up on your machine. Ifyou don’t you 
had better close up and discharge your men. Keep down 
expenses, keep cool, and you willsucceed. A man witha 
small capital can do as well in the sewing machine trade 
as in any other ; a man with brains and money can make 
a fortune out of it. 








CURIOUS VANKEE NOTION. 

Mr. Day, formerly of finishing B., and Mr. Pepper of 
the plate department, are about to start out on a unique 
tour throughout the Northern States. They go pre- 
pared for repairing watches, clocks, sewing machines, and 
musical instruments. In striking a Swedish community 
they will be known as Mr. Dayson and Mr. Pepperson 
and on reaching an Irish settlement as Mr. O’Day and 
Mr. O’Pepper. Surely success awaits them providing 
they carry out their original ideas.— Ale, 1//., News. 





THE USE OF THE NAME SINGER IN 
CEYLON. 


An important judgment on the vexec tradename 
question was delivered by his Honour Judge Browne, in 
the District Court, Colombo, Ceylon, on June 15th. The 
following is a verbatim report of same, and explains 
itself :— 

When on the filing of the plaint in this action in March, 
1893, the plaintiff company obtained an ad znterim 
injunction against the defendant company restraining 
them from using and maintaining the sign-board objected 
to, the defendant company petitioned for a dissolution of 
the injunction, but I had to rule that the petition was not 
properly before the Court, in that there was no proper 
appearance entered for the defendant company. No 
application was thereafter made for a dissolution of that 
injunction, save that at the commencement of trial it 
was, on the argument of the first and second issues agreed 
to and filed, contended that the action was not maintain- 
able, wherefrom had I upheld the contention it would 
have followed that the injunction should be dissolved, I, 
however, ruled that the plaint did disclose a sufficient 
cause of action, and the case proceeded to trial. I have 
now to determine whether the plaintiffs have sustained 


the other issues. 


} 
{ 


_ 

















14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Aue. 1; 1894. - 





Tt appears to me that the fourth issue would properly 
fall to be considered before the third, inasmuch as no 
separate claim arises thereout, but it is framed solely for 
the ascertainment of facts which, if found in plaintiff’s 
favout, would probably be a material element to be taken 
into consideration in determining the third issue. That 
fourth issue is whether the three alleged successive pro: 
prietors of the business carried on at No. 18, Main Street, 
Pettah, viz., R. N. Rustomjee, the (old) Sewing Machine 
Company, Limited, and the defendant company, regularly 
and dona fide stocked and sold the plaintiff company’s 
machines, or only occasionally purchased and kept a few 
such machines to give colour to the representation made 
on the sign-board. ei ; 

In their discretion the defendant’s counsel considered 
there was no sufficient case made out by plaintiff company, 
and refrained from adducing any evidence. ‘There is, 
therefore, an absence of all such prcof upon this issue, as 
cross-examination by plaintiff company’s counsel might 
have elicited if it were not voluntarily given by those 
who were most competent to depose thereto, and we are 
left with but scant material upon which to decide this 
issue. 

That material is as follows:—Mr. Patel, the chief 
manager of all plaintiff company’s agencies in India and 
Ceylon, controlling them from the head office in Bombay, 
deposes that in the regular course of business all machines 
of plaintiff company’s manufacture supplied to the trade 
in these countries must pass through or under the control 
of the head office, for offices in England and other 
countries would not supply Ceylon direct to the interfe- 
rence with and loss of profit by Bombay, and Mr. Patel in 
effect deposes that the supplies of plaintiff company’s 
machines received at No. 18, Main Street, since 1889, so 
far as he knows, have been (as I understand his evidence) 
seven direct from Bombay, three purchased (the date is 
not given) by a subterfuge at Poona, and possibly six 
then acquired and taken first to Bombay, and four 
machines which were scold in 1889 by the Customs in 
Ceylon, but, says the witness Pestonjee, were in an 
incomplete state as wanting the wooden board. This 
witness, therefore, would limit the number of machines 
certainly received for sale to 7x 3x4 equal 14 in the 
four year’s existence of Rustomjee’s business and of the 
old Sewing Machine Company (for though they may 
have taken over old stock, he says none were supplied to 
the defendant company), there being, of course, also the 
possibility that machines otherwise coming into Ceylon 
as in private hands may have been purchased and placed 
in stock. 

It was also desired by plaintiff to prove by examination 
of the Customs entries how many machines had been 
received, but the attempt failed, both because the search 
had been made for importations, not by the defendant 
company but by R. N. Rustomjee, and because it was 
not certain, though 108,000 entries had been searched, 
that these exhausted all the importations. 

It was attempted, in cross-examination, to show that 
some other machines seized. at the Customs had also 
passed by public sale into the open market, but plaintiff’s 
manager asserted positively that they had all been 
retained in plaintiff company’s possession by the purchase 
for them by one Guzdar, and the loan of money by 
Messrs, Framjee Bhikajee & Co. for that purpose. 

There is no more evidence than this on the issue. If 
plaintiffs theory founded thereon is correct, that 
defendant company and their predecessors passed into 
stock in all their business transactions not more than 
fourteen machines in four years, it contrasts very forcibly 
with the other evidence adduced that the actual sales in 
Ceylon by plaintiff company of their own machines have 
been in 1889 61, in 1890 90, in 1891 123, in 182 160, 
andin 1893 280, such figures showing what is the possible 
trade with one head establishment in the Island. If it 
were necessary fer se to rule whether the plaintiffs had 
proved their affirmative averments in relation to this 
issue, 1t would possibly be held that this evidence was 
not absolutely conclusive that defendant’s company and 
its predecessors had purchased and kept only a few of 
plaintiff company’s machines to give colour to the repre- 
sentations on their sign-board ; but in view of the system 
of plaintiff company’s business being a gauge to a certain 
extent of the trade done by the defendant’s company 
directly with them, I certainly consider the plaintiff's 


company had ground for their belief in the charge which 
they advanced until the defendant company so challenged 
with reason should disprove the same. j 

The main issue in the whole action is that which has 
arisen out of the averments in the tenth paragraph of the 
plaint. In the eighth paragraph plaintiffs had referred 
to the fact that the defendant company had kept suspended 
from the beam of the verandah a covered footpath in 
front of their shop, so as to hang down facing the carriage- - 
way and with its back to the footpath, the sign-board 
(which afterwards was preduced in Court) bearing the 
inscriptions ‘‘Singer’s Sewing Machines of the Singer 
Manufacturing Company of New ° York, London, 
Bombay, &c.,” the proportionate sizes of the lettering 
being fairly shown in the photograph of the shop front, 
with, however, the windows and doors closed as at night, 
which was filed with the plaint. And the plaint, after 
making in the ninth paragraph the averments the subject 
of the issue already considered, averred that the use of 
the said sign-board had caused loss and damage to the 
plaintiff company in (as I read the paragraph) three ways, — 
in that it (r) was calculated to deceive, and (2) had, in 
fact, deceived persons desirous of purchasing the machines 
of the plaintiff company into the belief that there was and 
is an agency of the plaintiff company at the defendant 
company’s said shop, and that the machines sold by the 
defendant company at their said shop are such machines 
of the plaintiff company, and (3) has induced such persons 
to purchase of the defendant company at their said shop 
Seidel and Naumann’s machines in the belief that they 
were such machines of the plaintiff company. 

It then set out what progress of events followed upon 
the use of the sign-board. It was calculated in its posi- 
tion and wording to deceive passers-by into an erroneous 
belief ; it did, in fact, so deceive them; and by this 
deception it induced the purchase of machines as of 
plaintiff company’s own make when they were made by 
others. The ayerments in the earlier paragraph of the 
plaint as to the continuous succession of Rustomjee, the 
old Sewing Machine Company and the new (defendant) 
company in this shop are, no doubt, suggestive of a 
purpose and design inimical, and possibly fraudulent, 
towards the plaintiff company, but I cannot hold there- 
from that any acts or practices of the defendant company’s 
predecessors in business are admissible in evidence against 
the defendant company itself, or that conclusion adverse 
to their dona fides, &c., should be drawn from the fact 
that Rustomjee is their manager. It has not been shown 
that the new company is but a change in name of the old 
company or of Rustomjee himself, so that the conclusions 
adverse to them should be drawn from the existence of 
any. facts or conduct prior to their own commencement 
in February, 1893. Mr. Grenier, in my opinion, is right 
in his contention on this point, which rules out of con- 
sideration the evidence of what occurred in November, 
1892, now that the trial has closed, and it has been proved 
of the defendant company only that they are the 
successors in trade of a guondam agent of the plaintiff 
company, and have retained his services as manager. 
Reading against the defendant company, therefore, the 
evidence only of what has occurred since February 1st, 
1893, I must hold there is not sufficient evidence to prove 
the use of the sign-board has, in fact, deceived into the 
alleged belief, or did induce purchase since that date. 
There was evidence put before me thereof when I issued 
the ad interzm injunction, viz., in the affidavit of Henry 
de Costa, who deposed that on February roth, 1893, 
being desirous of purchasing a Singer’s sewing machine, 
he went to the Pettah, and, seeing the sign-board, 
believed it to be plaintiff company’s place of business, 
and went in to buy, and that but for the sign-board he 
would not have gone into the shop, and that it deceived 
him into the belief. But his evidence as a witness that 
he walked up the left-hand side of Main Street when 
going from the Fort and his absence of all reference 
therein to the sign-board leads me to doubt if he ever saw 
it there (as his affidavit represented) from either the 
carriage road or the opposite footpath, whence alone it 
would be visible, or was induced by it into the belief that 
the agency of plaintiff company was there. Excising, 
therefore, those two parts of the averments of paragraph 
ten, there remains for consideration only the question, was 
the display of that sign-board in its position and wording 
calculated to induce a belief injurious to the plaintiff 















company in the minds of intending customers that that 
shop was a dona-fide agency of the makers, where un- 
dubitable machines of their make could be purchased ? 
In the absence of all evidence by defendant company, and 
from the fact that the photograph produced was evidently 
taken at an hour when the shop was closed for business, 
we have but little information here also as to what else 
the defendant company may have displayed along with 
this sign-board so as to show it was not such a prominent 
notification and likely to attain such results as the plaintiff 
company has averred. Mr. Patel tells us in his cross- 
examination that defendant company advertise themselves 
to sell five kinds of machines, and-one might have 
expected that the wares of these five manufactures might 
possibly be equally advertised cr displayed on their shop 
front. We know, however, only that on the wall of the 
house over the shop door is the name ‘‘ Sewing Machine 
Company,” as the photograph A shows, and from Mr. 
Patel that at the institution of this action a leg of one of 
the plaintiff company’s treadle machines, showing their 
trade mark, was hung on one of the front doors when 
folded back against the outer wall, with one of plaintiff 
company’s advertising placards hung over it. These two 
' the foot passengers past the door could’see. This is the 
only evidence of what the defendant company displayed 
in front of their own premises, and it is evidence of only 
their own company’s name and of reference in one way 
or another to tne plaintiff company and its manufactures. 
Of the repute and business of the latter in India there is 
some evidence, but of the other firms whose machines are 
preferredly sold we know nothing from the evidence. In 
the report of the litigation in England between the 
plaintiff company and Spence & Co., of which a copy was 
handed me by counsel, Mr. Justice Romer is responsible 
to have expressed his views as to the duties of those who 
advertised names of articles which possibly may be 
mistaken fer those of others to which the advertisers are 
not entitled when read by passers who have no special 
trade acquaintance with or experience of them so as to be 
enabled to discern between the two. It was there pointed 
out that machines made on the Singer system should not 
have been advertised as ‘‘Singer Machines” or ‘‘ Improved 
Singers,’’ more“especially if the words were so displayed 
on a boarding which the plaintiff company. had lately 
used, that the names of all other machines also advertised 
would not be seen as leading features in the posters by 
those by whom it was intended they should be seen—the 
passers-by in a crowded thoroughfare who have to pass 
by quickly and would only be attracted by those leading 
features. There being the possibility of deception 
thereby, care should have been taken that the display 
ought to have been such that the possibility was 
precluded, That possibility in the present case is averred 
to be that intending purchasers might be induced to 
believe that there was and is an agency of the plaintiff 
company at No. 18, Main Street. There could not have 
been such a possibility had the sign-board displayed the 
names of all five makers on their machines, or even if 
prominence were given to the one as the leading article, 
had the prominence not been so special as to dwarf all 
the rest into insignificance or (as here) to make no mention 
of them at all. Icannot but say that such possibility did 
exist when this sign-board of the name of the machine 
and of the name and address of the company are exhibited 
supplemented by a sample with trade mark anda placard, 
and that the plaintiff company are entitled to have the 
possibility terminated. The defendant company will not 
be precluded from selling the plaintiff's machine in a 
legitimate manner, the plaintiff company does not desire 
that. But when there is subsisting here an agency of 
the plaintiff company, to which properly belongs the 
prestige and benefit resulting from direct communication 
with the plaintiff company itself to the advantage of the 
latter who conducts it, others cannot be permitted to 
induce a belief for their own trade beuefit that they, too, 
are on the same advantageous position. So faras I know, 
it is not usual in trade here to find one dealer advertising 
or selling the products of but one manufacturer, and to do 
so with prominent mention of the manufacturer’s name 
and the places where his trade extends, would, in. my 
opinion, indicate to the general public that the dealer 
was an agent of the manufacturer. I have, therefore, to 
hold that the plaintiff company are entitled to the 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 


AuG. 1, 1894. 
ee Ee ee eee 


15 


perpetual injunction restraining the defendant company, 
their servants, and agents from using the sign-board 
mentioned in the piaint. It is unnecessary to order its 
removal, as the defendant company very properly removed 
it from the front of their shop on the issue of the ad 
interum injunction. Thereby they effectually precluded 
the plaintiff company from recovering more than nominal 
damages against them, since there could not have 
been computed any for the period prior to their 
incorporation. 

I therefore enter judgment for the plaintiff company 
for the injunction, with R, to damages and for costs 
of suit, 

SUMMARY OF THE ABOVE, 
The Singer Manufacturing Company have issued a 


poster referring to the above law suit, of which the ~ 


following is an exact. copy :— 
THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY 
BROUGHT AN ACTION 
In the District Court of Colombo (before D. F. Browne, 
Esq,, the District Judge), 
AGAINST 
THE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY (LIMITED). 
The Plaint stated among other things that one 
Rustomjee N. Rustomjee, who was in their service on a 
salary of Rs. 30 and 2 per cent. Commission, Was now 
the Secretary of the Defendant Company, who hada 
shop about 100 yards from the Plaiatiff Company’s’ 
Shop, and had imported and sold principally German- 
made Sewing Machines, embodying the principle of The 


Singer Company's Machines, and exactly resembling 


them, save in the name inscribed thereon, but greatly 
inferior in material and workmanship. 

The Plaintiffs further stated that the Defendant Com- 
pany had put up a Signboard with the inscription 
“SINGER’S SEWING MACHINES, OF -THE 
SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY,Of NEW 
YORK, LONDON, BOMBAY, M&c.,” at their place of 
business, whereas they had never regularly or dona-fide 
stocked or sold the Plaintiffs’ Machines, but had occa: 
sionally kept in stock a few of them to give Colour to the 
representation of their said Signboard, and the Plaintiffs 
further stated that “the said Signboard used bythe 
Defendant Company as aforesaid was calculated to 
decerve, and in fact had deceived persons desirous of pur- 


chasing Plaintiffs’ Machines into the belief that the ~ 


German Machines sold by Defendants were such 
Machines of the Plaintiff. Company, or those generally 
known as Singer’s, and the Plaintiffs therefore prayed 
for a perpetual injunction against the Defendant Com- 
pany to restrain them from using the said Sigaboard.” 

On the rsth day of June, 1894, Judgment in the case 
was delivered, by which the Defendant Company were 
restrained, as prayed by the Plaintiffs, and the Defendants 
were further directed to pay Rs. 10 for damages and the 
Plaintiffs’ costs of the suit. ; 

We make this known so as to apprise the public not, 
so much of the. said suit, as of the deception which is 
being practised upon them by unscrupulous dealers in 
Sewing Machines, and to warn them against dcaling 
except with first hands. 

We have 80 Shops all throughout India under our own 
name, and managed by our Special Agents. 

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 
5, Church Gate Street, 
BOMBAY. 

(The defendants in this action write us that the plain- 
tiffs claimed 1,000 rupees as damages, but were only 
awarded ro rupees. Defendants further state that they 
have entered an appeal.—Eprror, Sewing Machine 
Gazette.) 








AINTS TO BEGINNERS. 


Another point that may be dwelt on is the manner 
of introducing yourself and your business to a customer. 

Assuming that you have called at a door at a suitable 
time, when you have no reason to feel that you are an 
intruder, and when youmay fairly expect that you will 
get a hearing, there is still a mecessity for caution and 
judgment in opening up business. 



























e 


~ 


16 





You may meet a child, a servant, or the lady of the 
house. Until you know who answers your knock you 
cannot tell what you are going to doortosay. If it isthe 
child, a pretty picture handed out is very likely to make 


_ afriend at once, and to result in bringing the mother to 


the door with a smile on her face and ready to listen to 
you. But ifthe mother comes first, and happens to have 
dough on her hands and fire in her eyes, you had 
better. keep the picture back until the clouds 
blow over. If you get no hearing, and are to call again, 
hand the picture as you are leaving, and along with it a 
neat: circular. sae 

Asa tule, I would not give out the cards or circulars 
until some talking was done, as they will take attention 
from what you are saying, and yet will not be read while 
you arethere. Always look and speak pleasantly, and 
give the lady a chance to talk allshe wants to. Listen to 
what she says and catch clues as to how you shall answer. 
When some question is asked for which the circulars 
furnish an answer is a good time to hand them 
out. 

Whether you shall say, “ I am representing, &c.,” or 
“have you got ?”’ or “ do you want ?”’ must be left to your 
judgement of the individual case, but I like, in all cases, to 
get a word or two before reaching either of those an- 
nouncements. The longer a door is kept open before the 
object of your visit is known, the more likely it is to 


remain open until your story is told.—H. B. M. in the 


New York Sewzng Machine Times. 








WHAT TS LEGITIMATE COMPETITION? 


The question at the head of this article might easily 


afford a text for many learned treatises, but for the moment 
we need -not discuss the whole of the subject which it 
raises. There are, however, certain aspects of the matter 
which are of daily interest to drapers, perhaps, more than 
to any other class of tradesmen. 

In former times competition in the sale of goods of 
nearly all descriptions was often limited by Act of Parlia- 
ment. In London, particularly, the Companies and 
Guilds exercised powers which were sanctioned by law 
and which limited the number of persons who might 
either make or sell all kinds of commodities. The history 
of these Companies and the laws which existed even within 

“the last two hundred years show that our forefathers had 
very clearly defined, though doubtless erroneous views, as 
to the necessity of checking unfair competition with the 
strong hand. Nobody wants to go back to the days 
when drapery goods could only be sold in Wood Street 
or Cheapside by permission of a City Company, and the 
people who would be willing to revive the work 
once performed by the Companies, and place it under 
control of, let us* say, the London County Council, 
are few and unimportant. We have broken free from 


all the shackles that formerly limited the enterprise of — 


the individual trader. Every man is, nowadays, a law 
unto himself. He buys and sells at a profit or at a loss, 
as his fancy or his interest dictates. And sometimes it 
may happen that in the exuberance of his freedom he 
exercises his own rights to the detriment of those of his 
fellow-citizens, without sufficiently reflecting upon the 
injury which his conduct inflicts. Human society isa 
complex thing, and the average commercial conscience 
gets rid of the complexity by asserting in the boldest 
fashion the right of the stronger to drive the weaker 
to the wall. But without going deeply into the ethics 
of the right which is thus assumed it may, never- 
theless, be well to consider in a general way how far the 
exercise of individual freedom in business makes for the 
commonweal. 

Let us take an illustration. There is a draper, let us 
say,inacountry town whose ordinary business is of the 
ordinary kind. But as Christmas approaches it occurs to 
him to clear out a window, fill it with Christmas cards, 
and sell them at cost price, or less, for the sake of the 
advertisement. He does not stop to consider that his 
neighbour, the stationer, regards the sale of cards as a 
department of the stationery trade, and that their sale 

-snould involve a profit. The draper has no intention of 
starting a permanent stationery department. If he had 
he would want a profit on his capital outlay besides some- 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


thing for his extra trouble. All he wants at the moment 
is an advertisement that will bring the people to his shop, 
in the hope that when there they will buy his ordinary 
goods, and that he will thus make an increased return 
for the business by which he lives. Why should he not 
adopt this policy? ‘There is no law against it, and public 
sentiment does not condemn him. Yet, to all intents and 
purposes, the advertisement he obtains is at the expense of 
the stationer, just as much as though the stationer’s win- 


dow had been blocked by a hoarding covered with the - 


draper’s bills. Take another case. A draper in a larger 
way of business, who has numerous departments, decides 
one fine day that he will run one of them at a loss asan 
advertisement for the others. Let us say there is, in the 
same street, a fancy draper who has gained for years an 
honest livelihood without attacking the fancy department 
of his more powerful neighbour, save, perhaps, that by 
diligently attending to the one business he may have a 
great advantage over the big man who has many irons in 
the fire. But the big man has found himself overstocked 
say, in his mantle department. Perchance a London 
house, specialising mantles, has opened a branch in the 


neighbourhood, and has divided the trade. What does— 
Instead of fighting the interloper by ~ 


the big man do? 
lowering his prices for mantles, he decides to fill a 
window with ribbons, flowers, and so forth, marked at 
figures which are sure to bring the ladies of the town in 
swarms. When he has got them in his shop he will sell 
them mantles at a swingeing profit; and the speciality 


mantle house, having no equivalent bait to offer, is placed. 


at a disadvantage. Meanwhile, what about the hard- 
working fancy draper whose season has been spoiled 
because of the fight between two leviathans whose 
quarrels do not interest him, and neither of whom has he 
ever injured in any way? He is obviously ground 
between the upper and nether millstone, and is at least 
deserving of our respectful sympathy. And_ yet there is 
no recognised standard, either of ethics orlaw, which 
condemns the big draper for crushing his humble neigh- 
bour. It is all in the rules of the game, and whoever 
embarks in the business must take his chance of rough 
treatment, and if he would make money must be pre- 
pared to hold his own by giving back harder knocks 
than he receives. Such, at least, 1s the modern 
philosophy. : 
Those who complain of the hardships so often inflicted 
under the name of competition may best be comforted by 


the reflection that in the long run the individual cutting - 


of prices does not pay. There wasa time, and not so long 
ago, when the public was impressed by such ingenious 
devices as are instanced above. But their repetition in so 
many forms has had a damaging effect in several ways. In 


the first place, the cutting of prices by Jomes in one 


department leads to similar cutting by Smith in another, 
to say nothing of such reprisals as have caused the sale of 
certain goods to be systematically done without a profit 
by every draper in the districts affected. And in the second 
place, ladies soon come to understand that a sprat is 


thrown to catch a mackerel, and as they have ample 


leisure they utilise it by selecting the sprats and leaving 
the mackerel alone. In the wholesale it is just the same. 
The salesman who has a cheap line finds that he can sell 
plenty of it, but that his other samples are left severely 
alone. The modern woman is almost as keen on bargains 
as the wholesale buyer, and quite as difficult to deal with 
when it is sought to sell her goods which are the reverse 
of cheap. The almost universal practice of ticketing prices 
and making elaborate window displays enables any woman 
of intelligence to take the bait from the hook, so to speak, 
and leave the angling draper to wonder at her cunning. 
In short, she knows too much to be deluded by the simple 
arts which formerly sufficed to attract her confidence, 
and it becomes every year more obvious that the way to 
make a good business is to study the wants of the public, 
to serve them well all round, but to sell nothing that will 
not show a reasonable profit. This being the tendency, we 
-are likely to hear less and less of the form of competition 
which is now described, and the question of whether it is 
legitimate or otherwise does not, therefore, press for an 
immediate answer. It is enough to know that in the end 
it does not pay. Perhaps that is a sufficient reason for 
describing it as illegitimate. In business, as in other 
things, that which is unfair seldom does pay in the long 
run.——he Drapery World. = ; 


eT Ont eT RT eT eee 


sistent alata ee et od 


OE ee ee ee ee Te 





en ee ee ey fe See - - a zit pest igs Sa iy Sey E ¥ ee me aaa a & . Pa ~ “ 


AuG. 1, 1894 : and Sewing Machine Gazette. 3 17 


THE STAR 
CATALOGUE 
is the most 
“practical” of 
all Catalogues 
issued this 
year. 
This is a great 
Point, 
and should 
commandyour 
serious 
consideration. 
A Catalogue is 
worse than 
useless if it 
isn’t 

‘¢ practical.”’ 


The STAR Baby Carriages still set the Fashion. 


KB “Practical” 
CATALOGUE 
- enables one to 
practically . N : =f SY 
understand the Se 
Goods handled, 
tacilitating the 
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to wit— 
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and Handsome 
Profits.” 


























































































































































CATALOGUE POSTED FREE, UPON APPLICATION, TO ANY PART 
OF THE WORLD. 


STAR | Manutacturing Co., 


STAR WORKS, 


~GOODINGE ROAD, YORK ROAD, LONDON, W. 




















ers Tea Far as tl NT 





agents, as a token of esteem! and respect, July rq4th, 1894,” on a 


astically received, said he couldn’t find words to thank them for the 


' there was Mr. Howell; he was sure they were all glad. to see his 


18 . The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


RE 


W. J. HARRIS & COVS ANNUAL OUTING. 


The eleventh annual outing of the ev:Alcyes of W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited (perambulator manufacturers, &c.), of 219, Old Kent Road, 
London, S.E., and 9, Bernard Street, Southampton, was held on 
Saturday, July 14th, 1894, when a thoroughly enjoyable day was 
spent.» The staff, tothe number of about seventy, accompanied by Mr. 
W. Jj. Harris, Mr. H. Harris, junr., Mr. R. J. Johns, and Mr. 
Howell, left Waterloo in special carriages attached to the 9.15 a.m, 
train, and arrived at Southampton Docks at 11.45 a.m. aii fell 
several times on the way down, and continued until shortly before one 
o’clock, when the sun broke through the clouds, and it cleared up for 
a lovely afternoon. The party were met at the station by Mr. Thomas 
Howard (Southampton manager) and the local staff, and after a 
pleasant ramble through the town cressed the Park to the Kingsland 
Tavern, where they partook of a well served. dinner, under the genial 
presidency of W. J. Harris, Esq., Mr. E. Lowe (Greenwich) being in 
the ‘‘vice.’’ We may mention that the menu cards, kindly presented 
by Messrs. Shaw & Co., of Dockhead, S.E., were very tastefully got 


up, and gave the visitors some very useful information about the . 


steamboat traffic to and from the ancient town to the Isle of Wight, 
&c., also giving the places of interest inthe immediate neighbourhood. 
Dinner over, the Vice-Chairman said he had to ask the company to 
drink the health of the chairman—their worthy and most esteemed 
employer, Mr. Harris (applause), who was always the same, kind and 
genial, whether it was in the factory, the office, or at the outings ; in 
fact, he could not find words to express his feelings with regard to Mr. 
Hairis. He had werked many years for Mr. Harris, and he neyer 
wished to have a better master, and he thought when he said this he 
was only echoing the sentiments of every one present. (Cries of “ Hear, 
hear.”) They had that day decided to show their esteem in a more 
permanent and practical form than mere words, and it was his pleasing 
duty to’present Mr. Farris (on behalf of the managers, &c., of the 
firm)’ with a small token of their regard. The gift- was then brought 
into the room and presented amidst a perfect storm of cheering, and 
turned out to be a handsome solid mahogany smoking and game 
cabinet, filled with liquer. bottles, and a gentleman’s travelling bag, 
fitted with all the requisite articles. The cabinet bore the inscription, 
“Presented to W. J. Harris, Esq., by the managers, clerks, and 


silver plate, whilst the bag had the recipient’s initials stamped on 
the side. Rising: to respond, the Chairman, who was most enthusi- 


handsome present, and he had much pleasure in accepting it in the 
Same Spirit as it was given. He expressed his pleasure at the existing 
relations between the evzp/oyes and himself, and said that there was 
one thing he was proud tu boast of, and that was that there were a good 
many men with the firm that day that hehad seen grow from boyhood 
with the firm, and he was pleased to keep such men, and he hoped he 
should see them with him for many years to come. Continuing, he 
said he didn’t think he was ever so surprised in his life as he had 
been that day, and he was sure it was very’ gratifying to him to know 
that the employes and himself were on such good-terms, and such 
tokens as they had presented him with that day greatly tended to 
cement the good feeling existing between master and men. In conclu- 
sion, he expressed the hope that they would all enjoy themselves that 
day ; it was their eleventh outing, and up to the present time it had 
certainly beat the record. (Applause, and a voice, ‘Good old South- 
ampton.”) Mr. Harris continued, and said he had an important toast 
to propose, that of ‘ The Visitors”’—Mr,. Johns and Mr. Howell. 
(Applause.) He then said that Mr. Johns was a countryman of his, 
and that they had both come up to London to seek their fortunes, 
and he was glad to say that he thought Mr. Johns had found his; 
at all events, his appearance was. greatly in his favour;if that went for 
anything (laughter), and he had great pleasure in seeing him there, Then 


jovial face amongst them, as he was rather afraid that owing to his 
(Mr. Howell’s) ill-health he would have been unable to attend, in fact, 
Mr. Howell had written a note saying he didn’t think he should be 
well enough to attend. However, he had done so, and he was pleased 
tosee him, and was sure every one present was just as pleased as him- 
self. The health of Mr. Johns and Mr. Howell was then drank with 
musical honours. Mr. Harris then announced that Mr. W. L. [loward 
would sing ‘Luxuries,’ by special request. The song over, for 
which Mr. Howard was deservedly applauded, Mr. Johns rose to 
respond, and said_he scarcely knew how to reply; however, he was 
obliged to the company for drinking his health, and said he had 
known the chairman for many years, and had dune much 
business with him, and hoped to do much more in future. As for 
his success with regard to the goddess Fortune, he thought that 
Mr. Harris had got the cream of that. (Laughter). He was sure that 
the success of the firm was due to Mr. Harris’s energy and hard work — 
(cries of “ Hear, hear”); he only hoped they would do four times the 
trade, and he knew that the firms he represented would only be too 
pleased to give them four times the credit. It was very pleasing to 
see so many old faces around the festive board, and it only went to 
show and testify to the manner in which Mr. Harris studied his men. 
He then said that he had had to struggle hard to exist (cries of‘Oh, oh”), 
and he expected that the reason he looked so wellwas that the hard work 
agreed with him. (Laughter.) Inconclusion, he hoped he should have 
the pleasure of seeing them for many years to come. Mr. Howell 
then rose, and said he thanked them for the honour they had done 
him, and he thought that as the boat was on the. wayes he 
had better go. (Mr. Harris: ‘‘ No, no, bedad, that won’t do.”) Mr. 
Howell then continued: There was not the slightest doubt about trade 
being good when he looked around the room and thought about the 
grand dinner they had just finished. However, he was only too pleased 
to be with them, and hoped he should be with them for many years to 
come ; he couldn’t think of anything else to say, for Mr. Johns had 
fairly taken the sails out of his wind (laughter), and he would sit 
down thanking them. A selection was then given by the ‘Bar- 


nards” onthe concertina and harp, for which they were deservedly 4, 





AuG. 1, 1894. 


i RE REE 


applauded. Mr, Harris then proposed the health of Mr. F. C. Carter, 
the steward, and said he thought there must be an enormous amount 
of work, &c., attached to stewardship of this kind, and he thought 
that they ought to show some gratitude to him for the excellent trip 
he had arranged for them, and he hoped he would be spared to . 
arrange a great many more such trips. Mr. Carter’s health was then 
drank with musical honours, after which he rose to respond, and said 
he thanked them most heartily for the manner they had appreciated 
his small services in the matter of arranging the trip. He took great 
pleasure in doing all that lay in his power -to rnake the outing a 
success ; he also said he had not had so much trouble this year as in 
the past, as he had been assisted both by his fellow-clerks.in the office 
and by Mr. Howard at Southampton, for which he thanked them, and 
he would be only too pleased to do a like service next year in 
arranging the annual trip if he was spared todo so. In conclusion, he 
said time was on the wing, and he didn’t want to keep them from 
outside pleasure, so he would sit down thanking them all for the 
manner they had responded to the toast of “The Steward.” Mr. Harris 
then proposed a vote of thanks to the host, Mr. King, 
and thanked him for the excellent manner in which he 
had served the dinner. Mr. King being called in, said he 
was glad to find that he had been able to suit them, and it would give 
him great pleasure to provide for them in some future year. Mr. 
Harris then said that he understood that Mr. Thomas Howard 
(Southampton) had arranged a trip to West Cowes, and as the boat 
left the pier at 3.45 p.m. they had better Le on the move; he thought 
the trip up the river would do them good, and he wanted them all to 
enjoy themselves. A moye was then-made for the Royal Pier, when 
a large number of the party embarked for West Cowes, where on 
landing they were shown round by the Southampton manager, who 
spared no pains in trying to make jt a thoroughly enjoyable day. 

The majority left Southampton for Waterloo by the 7.25 p.m.- train. 


“ONE OF THE PARTY.” 





Failures and Arrangements. 





AARON MIDGLEY, hosier and dealer in sewing machines, 54, 
Wheelgate, Malton, 3 Z 
A meeting of creditors was held at the offices of the Official Receiver 
(Mr. W. Drawbridge), Scarborough, on June 28th, when it was reported 
that bankrupt commenced business in September, 1899. Prior to that 
date he had acted as agent for various sewing machine manufacturers at 
Otley and Hornsea. He possessed a capital of £50, the result of his 
savings, and this he laid out principally in the purchase of machines. 
At the end of Jast May he was sued by a trade creditor, and finding 
himself in/difficulties he offered a composition of 7s. 6d. in the pound. 
The creditors not being unanimous he commenced bankruptcy pro- 
ceedings. The statement of affairs showed that there was £241 9s. 11d. 
owing to twenty-six trade creditors, and the assets, exclusive of book 
debts, were estimated to realise £157 19s. 6d- The book debts are 
stated to be £114 18s., and are all returned as good. The Official 
Receiver thinks it is hardly likely that they will realise 20s. in the 
pound, but he anticipates a very good dividend. The following is a 
list of the principal creditors :— 


eons outs 
Anderson Bros. & Co., Keighley tity aL LeO10 
Baer & Rempel, Bielfeld, Germany .. Soc se) teh 0) 
Wclipse Machine Company, Oldham... Bion 22K) (0) = 10) 
Harrop Bros., Alverthorpe ae wae) 4 Ope) 
Jones Sewing Machine Company, Manchester 16 © 0 
Manley, F., Skipton 380 Gi0 a5, 208 Gy 7) 
Petty, F. W., Bradford dap ee -. IO 0 O 
Swain, J., Halifax son ta see Geil 2aOes0) 
Wheeler & Wilson Company, London tei 8. 20! 50 
White Sewing Machine Company ... saci) LOMO 


“JOHN HENRY GREENWOOD, hosier and dealer in sewing 


and knitting machines, 10, Trinity Street, Hanley, : j 
The above has executed a deed of assignment, under which there is 
to be a composition of 7s. 6d. in the pound, payable by three equal 
instalments, at four, eight, and twelve months from June 22nd ult. ; 
secured by assignment dated July 5th; filed July 12th, Liabilities, 
secured, £153; unsecured, £1,187 18s. 11d. Trustee, Thomas S. Green, 
Nile Street, Burslem, grocer. Tne following are creditors ;— 


s. d. 
Bailey, J., Hanley .., a08 te dab 6) CO) 
Bankers’ claims oH 980 oc +. 75 0. 0 
Cooper, John, Hanley es 300 <60 LOO) ©) 
De Vanney, M., Hanley ao Ss Sa 17 0 oO. 
Fleming, Reed, & Co., Greenock ...- Leeder 2 Our O! 
Granville, John, Hanley... Bod S090 Vf}. SOR) 
Green, T. S., Burslem ee fiese aX 100) 0) O= 
Harrison, W., & Co., Manchester ... ee Ok OREO) 
Harrop Bros., Wakefield... v0 pad yh U9) <0) 
Hartley, Binns, & Co., Halifax... ee a4 OZO) 
Hollingdrake & Co. Shipley... aad poo OG: OC 
Lee, G., & Sons, Manchester a0 eeeell5 Ol OlO) 
Sharp, J., & Co., Halifax... abo soo YP O@ 
Staffordshire Sentinel, Hanley — -.. ee 3 OR OMNO) 
Swaine, John R., Halifax :.. ES a. 24012 01.0 


THOMAS RUSSOM, furniture and domestic machinery dealer, 42, 
Park Lane, late 34, North Street, Leeds. Boe 

_ A receiving order was made in the above, and the debtor adjudicate 1 
bankrupt, on July 2nd. 


THE HIGHTOWN © FURNISHING COMPANY, (Nathan 


* {olomer), 251, Watecloo Road, Hightown, Manchester. : 
A deed ofarrangement, dated July. 7th, was filed. on July oth in the 


above. Unsecured liabilities, 4537 8s. Sd. Assets, after deducting 


secured claims, £210. Among the creditors are the Midland Peram- 
pbulator Company for £16, 








Ceara t ee | i, 


Aue. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 3 2y 


THE 


American Wringer 1 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE C0.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
Ci OTHES WRINGER. 
































aT TU i WN 
uu Ny 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 

The “ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
lest materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘‘HOUSHHOLD” WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. = 

Considering the quality of the materials used, the ‘““ HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


WHAT IS THIS? wa 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
We guarantee all 




















rollers in our ma- 





rubber to that shown 


in the sketch. 





OPP INI LD III I IDI I ID PDI I 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
mde of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Onr new Catalogue is now ready and will he sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER C0., 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, 8.E. 


GENUINE AMERICAN 
\ LAMB KNITTING MACHINE, 


The most reliable and most easy runuing Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 









SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER, 


For all kinds of Garments, with speciil 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





Ab HEW HARRISON SWIFT GOLD MEDAL 


TTER 


KN iS Stockings ribbed or plain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING 1 
WOOL, SILK, or COTTON. INSTRUC 
TIONS FREE. Lista 2d. per post 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PALIS. The on'g 
WINNER in the WORLD of 1 GOLD MEDAIS 
gnd 22 other Honours, MAMRISON KNITTING MACHINE Co. 
as Works: 43, Uprer Brook St... Ma:cbester. J 








The New 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


J is the only machine in the world 
which can knit every garment 
~ that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what eould be done on the 
‘‘New Rothwell Knitter” in au hour, aud thousands of tadies 
who have entirely abolished hand knitting are now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything, in either silk, wool, or cotton. 





Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St. , Bolton. 














Our readers will please note that Mr. H. M. Scott (known through- 
out the country as Mr. Clincher), who was for some years with the 
Howe Machine Company, has left the North British Rubber Company 
in order to take up the appointment of general manager of the Inter- 
national Pneumatic Tyre Company, Limited, of 18, Victoria Buildings, 
Manchester. Mr. Scott, it will be remembered, was identified with 
the “‘ Clincher” tyre from its birth, and by dint of great energy and 
perseverance he secured for it front rank in the estimation of the cycle 
trade. The ‘‘Seddon” tyre, which is the sfecia/z¢e of the International 
Company, is not so well known as the “ Clincher,” but it will not be 
Scott’s fault if, during the coming season, it will not be found in eyery 
cycle depot. At the outset Mr. Scott has set himself the task of im- 
proving Utis tyre, and in a few days time he expects it to be absolutely 
faultless. His company, we may add, have ample capital at their 
command, and a well-appointed factory for the manufacture and 
sale of the ‘‘ Seddon” ar other tyres. Thus they hope to keep well 
abreast of the times. Our readers not acquainted with the ‘‘Seddon” 
should understand that it is a red rubber tyre, and that it is at once 
light ana fast, and as to price it is one of the cheapest tyres on the 
market, 

* * 
* 

The Dunlop Company are abcut to have the validity of their patents 

tested in the French Courts. Among the six defendants are Michelin, 


Decourdemanche, and Peugeot. 
- * 


* 

During the past month the patent infringement case, Singer v. Rudge, 
was decided. His Lordship gave judgment without calling on the other 
side. He said the case appeared to him to be a very simple one. Vears 
ago it was pointed out that if you wanted to lock a steering apparatus 
of the front wheel of a bicycle you could do so by a locking bolt or 
catch, as well as by other means. What was pointed out by Cooper 
in his provisional specification, and by Russell in his complete specifi 
cation, was a case, in some respects, of doing it in a slightly more special 
form. Those lockings were for the purpose of keeping the front wheel 
locked while the cycle was being propelled. No doubt it was soon 
found that tiey could not ride a bicycle, for any distance at any rate, 
with the steering apparatus locked in the way he had indicated, so very 
little use could have been made of what Cooper and Russell had pointed 
out. But when the safety bicycle caine into general use it was found 
advisable to lock the front wheel as before—not for the purpose of riding 
it so locked, but for the purpose of resting it against the wall; and 
accordingly the plaintiffs had used the simple means of effecting this 
locking. And they had patented it. On looking at the patent one 
found that the locking was of the most obvious description, one of the 
two forms shown in the specification being in substance nothing more 
than alock and bolt of the simplest kind. So what the patentees were 





. 











22 y TLe Journal of Domestic Appliances AuG.1, 1894. 





works in Upper Street, Islington, the party visite St. Albans, where at 

one of the principal hostelries a first-class dinner was provided. Un- 
fortunately, although both in going and returning the weather was 
delightful, it rained very heavily during the middle of the day, but this 
did not seem to trouble the excursionists to any considerable extent, 
all of whom bore testimony to having a good time. Mr. Kent, thz 

| proprietor, and Mr. Bennett, the manager, are to be congratulated upon 

| 

| 


really trying to do was this: They were trying to take the well-known 
and most obvious form of locking which had been 'thought useful for 
the purpose of locking the cycle when ridden, and applying it for the 
purpose of locking the cycle when it was resting, and they seemed to 
think theycould do this and make it the subject ofletters patent. The 
question of such an alleged invention was—could that be the subject of 
letters patent? He thought not. The locking, as he had pointed out, 
was, in substance, a simple and old well-known form of locking, merely 
applied for the purpose of resting the machine, and in his opinion it 
could form no good subject of letters patent. He thought to make an 
alleged invention of that kind the subject of a patent would be to inter- 
fere in the grossest possible way with a trade of this kind. He was : : sedate z ss 
satisfied here was eral invention in this case, neither was there any is Sasa cine cae and wet reece se combined with con- 
subject matter or noyely. The plaintifftherefore failed. An application | *'“ QE 1H IS CHS RIS convenience ene eduirenlents: 

was made under the Patent Act that he might order that the patentee 
should be at liberty toapply at the Patent Office for leave to amend his 
specification, | Having regard to the circumstances, this he was bound to 
refuse. The action would be dismissed with costs, Judgment accord- 


ingly: 





the sober and well-behaved staff they have managed to get together, 
| further upon its rapid increase. We remember the time when the St. 
| George’s works only give employment to eight hands, but in three 
| years that has increased to about fifty, and Mr. Kent is looking for- 
ward to doubling that number in two or three years time. He owes 


* 

Mr. F. Jones, of Clapham, is introducing a new method of Iubricat- 
ing cycle chains. His plamis to cause the chain to pass oyera block 
of graphite fitted in a frame. 

* * ~ 
“ = Messrs. Ridings & Burns, of Weaste, Manchester, have made a cycle 
: frame by depositing aluminium by electrolysis on a core of fusible 
‘The St. Georges’s Cycle Company had their annual beanfeast on the } material, such as lead or wax, the latter being easily destroyed when 
14th ult. Starting ina Jarge break and a landau at 9 a.m. from the | jt has served its purpose. > 


ae | IMPORTANT NOTICE 


THE “ROYAL GEORGE” CGYGLES 


BEAR THIS TRADE MARK. - ah 
SADDLES, 
BAGS, 
LAMPS, 
BELLS, 
WRENCHES. 





CYCLES, 
FRAMES, 
WHEELS, 
TYRES, 
CEMENTS. / 


REGIST. 12.06%, 














No. 200. 





NICKEL PLATING, 


STOVE ENAMELLING 


IN CUR FACTORIES 
FOR THE TRADE. 


ROUGH AND FINISHED PARTS. 
= REPAIRS 


FOR VHE TRADE, 


—_—— 


Telegraphic Address ; 


“ DIALLAGE, LONDON.” 


Telegraphic Address; 


‘“ DIALLAGE, LONDON. ii 





"i Et IES MITE. 
SEND TRADE CARD FOR LIST TO 


THE sT. GEORGE'S CYCLE Co., . 
297 & 298, UPPER STREET, LONDON, N. 





BEDSTEAD as drawn ; 
inch Pillars; nine 4 inch 
Rods; Brass Rails ; 
4 ft. Gin. x. 6ft. Gin. 
Price 13/G each. 


= 


pt 
A 
Sa 
= 

















Ditto, with seven 2 inch 
Rods, 
Price 2 X/G each. 


























PERAMBULATOR 
as drawn, Very Special 
Line, 20 x 20 Wheels, 


Sane = Price 2&/~ each. g : 
WRITE: “FOR CATALOGUES. CHEAPEST HOUSE I IN TRADE. 


LONDON BROS. Harford Street, BIRMINGHAM. 























ee ye De ae ee 





“Ave. 1, 1894. x 
ELIAS HOWE’S DREAM. : 

James M. Howe, formerly a resident of Springfield, 
Mass., and now of Chicago, is a descendant of Elias 
Howe, the inventor of the sewing machine. He recently 
related a curious incident concerning his relatives 
struggle for success, and which is recorded in the Sewing 
Machine Advance. : 5 : 

“Elias Howe almost beggared himself,” said he, 
‘‘ before he discovered where the eye of the needle of a 
sewing machine should be located. Itis probable that 
there are few persons who know how it.came about. His 
original idea was to follow the model of the ordinary 
needle and have the eyeatthe heel. It never occurred to 
him that it should be placed near the point, and he might 
haye failed altogether if he had not dreamed he was 
building a sewing machine for a savage king in a strange 
country. Just asin his actual waking experience, he was 
perplexed about the needle’s eye. He thought the king 
gave him twenty-four hours to complete the machine and 
make it sew. 
be the punishment. 

“ Howe worked and worked, and puzzled and puzzled, 
and finally gave it up. Then he thought that he was 
taken out to be executed. He noticed that the warriors 
carried spears that were pierced at the head. Instantly 
came the solution of the difficulty, and while the inventor 
was begging for time he awoke. It was four ‘o'clock in 





the morning. He jumped out of bed, ran to his shop, 
and by nine o’clock a needle with an eye at the point had 
been rudely formed. After that it was easy.” 

















1 
I y nit 





Messrs. Erard have now finished the extensive alterations to their 
premises in Great Marlborough Street, W. The result is one of the 
most magnificent blocks of buildings we have eyer inspected. The 
interior is well worthy of the exterior, its appointments being really 
superb. sey 4 ; 

Mr. Edgar Brinsmead recently told an interviewer for The Sketch 
that his firm produce about 2,000 pianos per annum. Heestimates the 
output of London as 35,000 pianos annually, and credits Germany 
with something under 75,000, France with 20,000, and to the States he 
awards 25,coo. Mr. Brinsmead says that the German makers of 
pianos are losing ground in this country. He further says thatit takes 
from three to five years to season wood for piano manufacture. 

\ = * 

According to an American piano manufacturer, 35 per cent. of the 
cost of making a piano ’in the States goes for material. We believe 
that English manufacturers consider that 50 percent. goes for material 
and an equal percentage for labour. | 


Messrs. Monington & Weston have just finished the erection of 
extensive showrooms near their factory in King Street, Camden 
Town. This will enable dealers the better to examine this firm’s 
assortment of pianos. M. 

, 

An American contemporary having been asked for advice as to the 
best way of showing off a piano replied as follows :—‘ To play set 
pieces is certainly not the best way to show off a piano to a customer ; 
it takes up too much time, and does not usually bring out the best 
points of the instrument. A far better plan is to play a few easy 
arpeggios with the right hand alone ; for instance, place the thumb on 
G, and the first and third fingers on B flat and E flat, and scamper up 
and down the keyboard. Then place the thumb on C and the fingers 
onE flat and A flat, and proceed as before. When you can play these 
easily, find others, and learn by your knowledge of harmony how to 
connect them. Then play a rapid chromatic scale. If the instrument has a 
good bass, strike the lowest notes successively, rather slowly,’ and 
heavily. If the very lowest notes have a * tubby 2 tone, be cautious, 
and stop in time, so as not to display this undesirable quality. Any 
plan founded on these lines is undoubtedly the best for showing off a 
piano. Even less will suffice under favourable circumstances. The 
best salesman the writer ever knew could not play a note, either by ear 
or otherwise. He tried the instrument by striking all his fingers at 
once at random on the keyboard ; but he sold the piano, which is after 
all the chief thing. For harmoniums and American organs playa series 
of rambling chords and modulate frequently. The diminished seventh 
will be fourd of great service. Draw several stops, including one of 
16 foot tone, if possible, play octaves with the left hand, moving down 
the keyboard by semitones, and let the right hand have full chords. 
Never mind about forbidden consecutives. This is, by the way, a very 
fair description of the usual extemporisation on the church organ if 
pedals are substituted for left hand. For showing off solo stops and 
interesting combinations, special knowledge is required. The above 
directions apply to the average customer; one whois musically gifted 
will try the instrument for himself,” 


i 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 24 





‘ 


TRADE MARKS AND TRADE NAMES. 


The sewing machine trade, small though it is com- 
pared with many other industries in this country, has had 
its full share of litigation on the above subjects. We 
have, therefore, read with .great interest the leading 
articles on ‘‘ Trade Mark Infringement” and ‘‘ Trade 
Names” which have appeared in Kemp's Mercantile 
Gazette the past month, and consider them well worthy 
of the attention ot our readers. We therefore reproduce 
them hereunder :— 

To constitute an infringement of a trade mark, there 
must bea use of it by the defendant for trading purposes 
in connection with goods of the kind for which the plain- 
tiffs right to exclusive use exists, and, of course, not being 
the plaintiff’s goods. This may be done by using a mark 
identical with that of the plaintiff, or comprising some of 
its essential features, or colourabiy resembling it, and so 
as to be calculated to make ordinary buyers think they 


| are purchasing the goods of the owner of the mark in- 


If not finished by that time death was tc , 


friuged. There 1s not usually a copy of the exact mark, 
and.amore or less close imitation of its most prominent 
features or general effect is more frequent. It is not 
necessary to prove, when bringing an action for infringe- 
ment, that the defendant’s goods, sold under the plaintiff's 
mark, were, in fact, inferior to his, for this is no part of 
the wrong done. Itis, of course, generally so, because of 
the extra profit obtainable on the sale of inferior articles 
at the price of goods with an established reputation. 
Again, this point of inferiority may be used when a claim 
is made for damages, because it obviously tends to injure 
the plaintiff's reputation the more inferior are the goods so 
sold under his mark. Nor would the Court always inter- 
fereif only a single act of infringement could be proved, 
especially where, as in one case, only an isolated act was 
proved, and this had actually been dune at the instigatior 
of the plaintiff's agent, really laying a trap for the de- 
fendant. But still, evidence of one act of infringement is 
all that is generally needed by way of formal proof to 
support a claim, although it is well known that many 
others have occurred. 

It is rare to find the whole of a plaintiffs trade mark 
copied, and, more frequently, only one or more of its 
essential features are taken. Such an imitation would 
generally be an infringement, and it would, at all events, 
throw upon the defendant the ovws of proving that hehad 
no intention to get the benefit of the mark in question, 
and had acted quite innocently in the matter. The way 
in which an infringement generally occurs, is by getting 
up a colourable resemblance toa well-known mark, which, 
without really copying any one of its essentials, has the 
same general effect uponthe eye and mind of ordinary 
purchasers when seen upon similar goods, and under 
similar circumstances. ‘That is, indeed, the true test of 
an infringement of this class, for, if the defendant’s mark 
is so arranged as to cause his goods to be taken for those 
of the plaintiff, then he will be lable to an injunction and 
damages, even if hecan show, upon examination, numerous 
differences in drawing or colouring, or other details. The 
thing to go by is the general effect. It has often been.said 
upon this head, that it is not a question whether the mark 
attacked is necessarily deceptive, but whether there is, or 
is not, a stroug probability of its causing deception. In 
the practical application of this principle, it will be no 
answer for a defendant to show either that the mark he 
uses is ambiguous, or that, if 1t were carefully examined 
and compared with defendant’s trade mark, no ordinary 
buyer would be misled. This is an obviously business- 
like way of regarding the subject, and it is the rule by 
which judges are guided in granting or refusing in- 
junctions, and juries in finding whether or not there has 
been any infringement, and also what damages should be 
awarded to a successful plaintiff. 

It should always be remembered that in this class of 
cases fraud has neither to be alleged nor to be proved. 
Actual deception need not be made out, nor an intention 
to deceive. The true point is, whether the resemblance 
is such as to be calculated to deceive, and, ifit is, that will 
be sufficient. To get at the answer to this question, it has 
been said, we have to consider the “‘ main idea left on the 
mind” by the marks that are to be compared, or, in other 
words, the net result of the impression produced upon 
those who see them. We have, in fact, to apply the 
judgment ofcommon sense to this matter upon a broad 














24 





and business-like view of the whole thing. If the leading 
idea of a trade mark consists of certain words, then the use 
of those words by a defendant, although he adds his own 
name, which is different to that of the plaintiff, will be- 
come an infringement ; suchas “ L.L. Whiskey,” “ Eureka 
Shirts,’ and the like. Sometimes words are added to the 
marks imitated, which, if read by the buyer, would pre- 
vent his beingin any way deceived. But such ingenious 
additions are rather taken by the Court as evidence ot 
fraud than as any answer to the infringement. They 
occur when a mar printsthe name and mark of a well- 
known firm on his own goods, adding in small print 
“‘ agent for,” or “ late of,” or something of that sort. In 
truth, all these artifices come to nothing, and the Courts 
of Law are quite able to protect the owners of trade marks 
or trade names against any infringements of an actual or 
colourable character. This branch of our law increases 
in complexity with the growth of commerce, but the 
principles upon which it is based are clear and equit- 
able. 

Besides the forgery or infringement of trade marks, 
there are various ways by which one trader may deal 
unfairly with another in seeking to take away his busi- 
ness. ‘This is usually done by trying to pass off his own 
goods, probably inferior, as being the goods of another 
man, and for which he had obtained a reputation. 
Registered trade marks have given rise to a mass of liti- 
. gation, with which we are not now concerned. But this 
passing off of articles as if made by another, is also an 
actionable wrong, in regard to which there have been 
numerous decisions. It is done sometimes by direct mis- 
representation, as where a person of the same name 
untruly states that his business is a branch belonging to 
a well-known trader, and so gets orders. Here, of course, 
the fraud is obvious, and an action for damages would 
succeed as soon as the fact was proved. So, where a son 
quitted his father’s business, and put up his own name as 
“late of” his father’s address, thus leading the public to 
suppose that he carried on the old trade, which was 
untrue, an injunction was -granted to restrain this being 
done. But, as a rule, a partner or servant who has left a 
well-known firm is. entitled to announce his former con- 
nection with it, unless, of course, he has agreed not to do 
so, provided he does it fairly, and not in a way to sug- 
gest either that he is still connected with their business, 
or that he is carrying it on as their successor. ‘The 
words “late of,” or “formerly with,” may thus be used, 
if done dona fide, and without any attempt at passing off 
or with a false suggestion. 

The usual form of fraud or of sharp practice is to 
imitate the trade name or the get-up of the goods in such 
a way as to deceive the buying public. Without any 
trade mark, or any sort of registration, a trader has a 
right to the name in which he trades, and by which his 
goods are known, and, as such, he will be protected in 
its use. The ground upon which the Court acts in these 
cases, by granting an injunction or damages, is that, 
where a person has established a business reputation 
under a particular name, he has a right to prevent any- 
one else from injuring his business by using that name, 
or any colourable imitation of it by which the same 
result would follow. It need not, of course, bethe true or 
family name of the party suing, so long as it is his trade 
name; and, in fact, the name in which a business is 
carried on, or by which a certain article has become 
known in the market, is obviously a valuable asset, and is 
really apart of the goodwill. Broadly speaking, any man 
can trade in any name he likes, so long as he does not 
interfere with the trade name of anyone else, and, in 
England, there is absolute freedom to trade in an assumed 
name, Or aS a company, or under any fancy title or 
designation whatever, and this, too, without any regis- 
tration anywhere. It is often a matter of some difficulty 
to find out who isthe individual trader carrying on a 
business, although it is not now so material, because 
actions can always be brought against the firm or concern 
in the name or style under which the business is con- 
ducted. Again, a man can always use his own name, 
but he must do so in such a way as not to seek to injure 
the trade of another with the same name. 

Trade names of goods, apart from all questions of their 
registration as trade marks, are also important, and will 
be protected by the Courts. There was a good example 





The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


AUG. 1, 1894. 





of this in what is known as the Stone Ales Case, where 
the House of Lords held that, although the defendant 
could say, as was true, that his ale was brewed at the 
place called Stone, still he must not do so in such a way 
as to make purchasers believe that it was the same ale as 
that for which the plaintiff had established a reputation 
under the name of Stone Ale. Another important and 
interesting class of cases arises upon the imitation of the 
‘““get-up ” of goods, which have obtained a large sale in 
packages, bottles, boxes, or the like. Tosupport an action 
for passing off, by means of an imitation get-up of goods, 
it is usually esséntial to prove a fraudulent inten- 
tion on the part of the defendant, because, if the 
get-up is so closely copied as to resemble that of the 
plaintiff’s goods, it cannot have been done unintentionally, 
and must, therefore, be presumed to have been imitated 
for the purpose of injuring his trade. In a case about 
some stuff called Self-washing Soap, the defendant sold 
his goods packed in parchment paper, and with the words 
“Self-washing”’ printed in the same type. The Court 
of Appeal held that the defence as to there being no trade 
mark in the words, and no monopoly in the paper or 
print employed, was an obvious fallacy, for, if these things 
were so combined as toimitate the plaintiff’s get up, and 
thus to pass off the defendant’s goods as those of the 
plaintiffs, there was a wrong done to which the Courts 
would grant a remedy, not only by means of damages, 
but also, ifnecessary, by an injunction. 























































































































Messrs. Isaac Spencer & Co. are now the proprietors of the business 
formerly known as the Lady Bridge Oil Works, and are open to supply 
our readers with lubricating oil on most favourable terms. Their 
address is High Street, Hull. 

* * 
= 

Mr. A. List, late of Norwich, who has had a very successful career 
with the Singer Manufacturing Company, has opened a shop on his own 
account at 134, King Street, Great Yarmouth, as dealer in sewing 
machines, baby carriages, wringers, mangles, &c. 

x * 


* 

Messrs. Caporn & Haubury, dealers in cycles; sewing machines, &c., 
have dissolved partnership. Mr, W. H. Haubury continues the busi- 
ness and will pay the debts. 

* * 
2 5 

The sewing machine factory of the Vogle Machine Company, at 
Saalfeld, a.d. Saale, has been purchased by Mr. F. @tto Muller, of 
Berlin, who has taken a partner, and will henceforth trade as F. Otto 
Muller & Co. This firm will bring out machines constructed on new 
models, and the machinery and tools have been extensively restored 
and increased for this purpose. 

x O* 
* 

A company has been formed in Paris, with a capital of one million 
francs, to exploit a sewing machine called the “ Avrial,” which is said 
to solve the problem how to sell a treadle sewing machine for £2, 
whereas, say the company, the ordinary price is £6 to £8. M. 
Desliniéres, the promoter, talks of building a factory at Montlucon, 
with a daily output of 309 or 490 machines. It is stated that 200,000 
sewing machines are sold annually in France, of which only from 23,009 
to 30,000 are produced in that country. The address of the ‘“‘ Compagnie 
Francaise des Machines a Coudre” is 29, Boulevard St. Martin, Paris, 
but for obvious reasons we do not expect them to remain there for 
ong. 


x * 


= 

Mr. G. W. Ash, the well-known machine dealer and house furnisher, 
has just opened extensive additional premises at Southsea, in order to 
cope with the large increase in his trade. 

x * 
* 

Mr. A. W. Spencer, the successor of Mr. Henry Thomas, sewing 
machine dealer, Cardiff, has found his business increase so much of late 
as to necessitate the increase of his showrooms. His skop is now 
100 ft. long. ; 

ee 

Among the Singer Manufacturing Company's recent changes we 
notice that Huddersfield and Halifax have been attached to the com- 
pany’s Leeds district, and that the Wigan and Warrington offices are 
now controlled from Manchester. Further, that the Chester district 
is now incorporated with the Liverpool district. 

* * 


‘ 2 * 

The Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company will very shortly 
remove their retail depot from 21, Queen Victoria Street, to 128, 
Cheapside, E.C. 

a 

The partnership heretofore subsisting between Messrs. Benjamin 
Benson, Isaiah Lees, Silvester Lees, Clement Lees, and Walter 
Lees, carrying on business as india rubber manufacturers at the 
Bridge End Rubber Works, Dukinfield, in the county of Chester, 
under the style of “ Benson, Lees, & Co.,” has been dissolved by mutual 
consent. All debts due to and owing by the said late firm will be 
received and paid by the said Isaiah Lees, Clement Lees, and Walter 
Lees, by whom the said business will in future be carried on, at the 
Bridge End Rubber Works, Dukinfield, aforesaid, under the style or 
firm of ‘* Isaiah Lees-& Sons.” § 














“AUG. <1, 1894. *3 





DEATH OF ANOTHER PIONEER. 


William G. Wilson, formerly president and proprietor 
of the long since defunct Wilson Sewing Machine Com- 
pany, of Cleveland, Chicago, and Wallingford, Conn., 
respectively, died on the 4th inst., at the residence of his 
son-in-law, Mr. Frank E. Coykendall, at San Jose, Cal., 

‘where he had been on a visit, with his wife and young 
daughter, for some montis past. ‘The cause of his death 
was the bursting of a blood vessel in the brain, which 
resulted in his death in about three hours. His remains 
were brought to Chicago for interment in his family lot 
in-Rosehill Cemetery. 

William G. Wilson was born at Fayetteville, Franklin 
County, Pa., April 2nd, 1841. His father was a shoe- 
maker, and young Wilson was taught the trade. He 
received a common school education, and was thrown 
upon his own resources when but fifteen years old. In 
1864, at the age of twenty-three, with an accumulated 
capital of 65 dols., he entered the sewing machine trade; 
starting in peddling one of the prevailing makes of cheap, 
chain-stitch hand machines of that day. He did well, 
and presently established an office in Cleveland, Ohio, for 
wholesaling the machines which he bought froma factory 
in Winchenden, Mass. His business throve apace, and 
it was not long before he had arranged with the pro- 
prietors of the factory to remove their plant to Cleve- 
land and manufacture machines there for him, he taking 
the entire produce of the factory. In the course of time 
he brought out the Star Shuttle machine, a lock-stitch 
needle-feed machine, the Buckeye,an under-feed machine, 
and then the Wilson machine, which latter was improved 
from time to time, and with which he did a profitable 
business for several years. 

He finally concluded to cut Jeose from the Cleveland 
plant that had been manufacturing for him, and having 
bought the property of the Cornell Watch Company, at 
Grand Crossing, Ill., a suburb of Chicago, he established 
there a manufacturing plant in 1876, and opened a 
magnificent wholesale and retail establishment at the 
corner of Stateand Madison Streets, in this city, occupying 
the entire four-story building. It was the finest sewing 
machine establishment in the West, and doubtless in the 
country. After the establishment of his own plant he 
essayed a new machine, the Wilson Oscillator. This 
machine was not a success, and his experience with it 
was tersely described by himself to the writer in the 
epigrammatical expression: ‘‘I spent the first year in 
sending out samples of the machine, and the second year 
in taking them back.’’ The introduction of the new 
machine was the beginning of the downfall of his business, 
He struggled along with it for three or four years, 
endeavouring to improve it into a satisfactory machine, 
but at length gave up the fight with fate, and in the 
summer of 1882 managed to unload the plant upon a 
Wallingford, Conn., syndicate, receiving from them, it 
was said at the time, the sum of 175,000 dols. for the 
machinery, tools, patents, and stock on hand. Heretained 
the Grand Crossing property, consisting of the factory 
buildings and some 800 lots surrounding it. Some three 
yearsago he traded this property for wild Tennessee lands 
and other property, and a year or so afterward filed a bill 
in court complaining that he had been swindled in the 
trade, and praying that it be cancelled. This suit is 
still in court. 

After his retirement from the sewing business, Mr. 
Wilson built a fine block of ten houses at the corner of 
Lake and Oakland Avenues in Hyde Park, in the finest 
one of which he took up his residence, and thereafter 
devoted himself to looking after his property, and in 
evolving schemes of various kinds, which included many 
objects in various parts of this country and Mexico ; so 
many, indeed, and in such widely separated localities, 
that it was impossible for anyone not especially interested 
in the subject to keep tab on them. He would be heard 
of one year as connected with the organisation of a rail- 
road somewhere; another year he would be organising a 
real estate and building scheme in some southern city, 
and then he would have in hand a gold mine in Mexico, 
and so on andso forth. None of his schemes ever 

_ materialized, it is said, but they probably did him good 
_ by. keeping his scheming brain at work. eo 

Mr. Wilson was popularly esteemed to be a millionaire, 

- but the estate will inventory only 250,000 dols. to 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 


300,000 dols. ; about the only income producing portion 
of which is the block of houses above mentioned. . The 
property is entailed for a term of years for the benefit 
of the widow and two daughters and the mother of 
deceased, the Illinois Trust Company being the executors. 
Under the will the estate eventually goes to thedaughters 
and their children, if any, and failing their progeny, to 
distant relatives of deceased.— Chicago Sewing Machine 
Advance, June 15th. 





THE CHERRY TREE MACHINE COMPANY. 


The well-known business of mangle manufacturers, 
known as the Cherry Tree Machine Company, carried 
on by Messrs. T. T. Mercer & T. Woolfall for 14 years, 
has been formed into a private limited liability 
company. 

We understand that the change is made solely for the 
convenience of partnership, and ‘the business will not 
be interfered with in any way.’ The Cherry Tree 
Machine Company, Limited, is now constituted as 
follows :— 

DirEcToRS. 

Thomas Turner Mercer, Esq. (Chairman). 

Thomas Woolfall, Esq. 

Thomas A. Aspden, Esq. 

John Hocking, Esq. 

Richard Joseph Johns, Esq. 

Robert Mercer, Esq. 

SECRETARY. 


Thomas Turner Mercer, jun. 
We might add that the “Spray ’’ Washer introduced by 
this company two years ago has now become an estab- 


lished favourite, and sells so readily that extensive plant 


has been put down for its manufacture. 


TRADE IN GERMANY. 


British manufacturers who are sufiering from trade 
stagnation will find some comforting reading in the 
annual report of Consul Ladenburg on the commerce and 
industry of Mannheim and the surrounding district. It 
shows, according to the G/obe, pretty clearly that Ger- 
many has been having quite as bad atime as England. 
Further, it is said that a large plate glass factory at 
Waldhof can no longer supply English customers, by 
reason of the prices they are willing to give being unre- 
munerative. German rags for paper-making are also 
mentioned as being no longer imported by the Britisher 
on the same scale as formerly, He has also, according 
to our contemporary, learned the trick of supplying him- 
self with tapestry and wall papers. In cheap jewellery 
our kinsmen, adds the consul, are being sorely pushed by 
English manufacture-s. Germany used to doa fine trade 
in these goods with British India, but Birmingham now 
supplies more substantial trinkets at much lower prices. 
German clocks are similarly being pushed out of the 
English market by native goods; in short, the report 
contains abundant evidence that ovr manufacturers are 
freeing themselves from the trammels of use and wont, 
and are slowly regaining the ground they lost when they 
refused to regard Germany as a formidable trading 
antagonist. 


GEO. TOWNSEND & CO., 
SEWING MACHINE 


NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS, 


GIVRY WORKS, REDDITCH, 


Adyise the TRADE that they Manufacture none but first quality needles 
for every description of work, Muy no others but those bearing our TRADE 
mark, a WHITE ring on BLUE shank. None genwine but our make. A 
quantity of Shuttles and Fittings in Stock at PRESENT DAY prices. 


London Agent: J. P. ALLEN, 12, WALBROOK, E.C. 
SEND FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES 


























26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


LOOK! Agents wanted to introdtce 
reliable cycles at popular prices on the easy- 
payment system. Dunlop Pneumatic Safeties 
\ from £10 10s. Handsome commission paid 

See ~ immediately the order is accepted. No further 
_ trouble; no risk.—Address, Manager, Ivanhoe 


2 Me eee 
Cycle Works, Castle Cary, Bath. 





=> 





"TRAVELLER WANTED to appoint Purchasing 

Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful invention in 
Knitting Machines before the Trade. Only serious men holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 
Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 





ALESMAN-MANAGER.—Domestic Machinery and 
Perambulator Trade ; 15 years’ experience. First-class references. 
—‘ Ambito,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





SEWING AND DOMESTIC MACHINE TRADE. 

A good Canvasser and Collector is offered a Partnership on 
favourable terms.—Apply by letter, stating previous experience, &c, to 
“W.H.,” care of Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 





TP RAVELLER WANTED, for London wholesale and 
retail trade in Sewing Machines and cycles.‘ Alpha,” Sewing 
Machine Gazette Office. 








ST. GEORGE'S CYCLE COMPANY, 208, Upper 

Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1894 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, and stove - enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 


Aue. 1, 1894. 


THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 

which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 





CYCLES.—Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 

pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 
your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 
wanted everywhere.—78 to 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. , 





SEWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 

first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. 








AGENTS WANTED, to sell Priestley’s Improved 
Charcoal Smoothing or Laundry Irons, and Coal Economisers, 
&c. Manufacturers, Priestley & Co., Gibbet Street, Halifax, Yorks. 





WANTED, First-class PURCHASING AGENTS 

for the Rothwell Knitting Machines. Will give sole agency 
and most liberal terms to good men.—Apply, W. R. & Co., Ltd. 
Albert Works, Bridgman Street, Bolton. 





TRAVELLER, with good connection, Perambulators, 
Mail Carts, Toys, seeks engagement.—-Traveller, Sewing Machine 
Gazette Office. 





Anyone receiving a free copy of this. issue is respectfully asked 








to take vt as a courteous invitation to become aregular reader, either 
as a subscriber or by ordering the paper from his nearest newsagent, 
making use of the proper form provided on another page. ‘ 





was the novelty of the National Show. 

£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 

ditch, London, or Birmingham. 


JOHN GOUGH & CO., 











WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS, 


» 


20, GROSS STREET, SWAN STREET, MANCHESTER, 








BASSINETTES, BASSINETTES, 


Im Endless Variety. 


PATENT RUN-STRAIGHT BASSINETTES. 
GOOD SALEABLE DESIGNS AT VERY LOW PRICES. 


Travelling Trunks from lls. per Nest of Four. 


PNEUMATIC TYRE CYCLES 3. 


FURNITURE OF EVERY DES@air iON 


CARPETS, OILCLOTHS, LINOLEUMS, UPHOLSTERERS’ TRIMMINGS. 


CLEVELAND 
MEISSLER & ALBERT 


AMERICAN ORGANS. 


BROWNE PIANOFORTES. 


FULL LISTS ON APPLICATION. 


SS eet eee 


2, 


ete ade ee Cp eeNC RES 





SEI sii pepe 


i ae hia RENEE CLS ae Tan RR eae PG Ny ny SN Se ee ee eR oo t: , 3 - wa ate 









AUG, antes e and Sewing Machine Gazette. 2” 
BiG DISCOUNTS. BIC PROFITS. 


VACANCIES in a FEW TOWNS for LIVE AGENTS. NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE, 







a 
a Jk, fu 
i SW HEE LE 
& AN) “at 








are) 


Se 


NYTHING, 
NY WHERE, 
NY SHAPE, 
NY TIME, 








KS 


~~) 


It took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading michines of the world as the most advanced 
sewing machine mechanism. 


The rotary principle is the true one and wins every time. 


Agents wanted wherever not represented. Address for terms, 


WHEELER & WILSON MFC. CO., 
21, Queen Victoria Street, London E.G, 

















"28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


a RS SR EE 

















The follcwing list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LUTTERS PATENT 

11,257. W. Bowden, for improvements in tuck sewing machines. 

11,351. J. A. Claringburn, for improvements in knitting 
machines. 

11,383. B. Dukes, a communication fram Fuchs & Rosenberger, of 
Germany, for improvementsin apparatus for holding fabrics, garments, 
or the like whilst stitching, sewing, or similarly working the same, 

11,638. J.B. Braun, C. Clerc, and C. Leriche, for improvements in 
embroidering machines. 

11,699. J. Hill, for an improved perambulator joint. 

11,795. L. Lublin, for improvemetts in apparatus for sewing or 
forming loops on cloth and the like. 

11,863. G. F. Grosser and J. Foster, for improvements in, or con- 
nected with, knitting machines. 

11,876. Hope Street Factory, Limited, and J. Laird, for improve- 
ments in button-hole sewing machines. 

17,029. D. M. Gerbaulet, for improvements in connection with 
sewing machines. 

12,091. H. Verges, for improvements in knitting machines. 

12,316. D. Flanagan, for improvements in tension devices to be 
applied to the reel-carriers of sewing machines. 

12,424. J.Schmitt and J. B. Ccblenzer, for improvements in and 
relating to knitting machines. 

12,726. L. H. Smith, for improvements in ruffling, plaiting, or 
gathering attachments for sewing machines. 

12,769. The Hosiery Machine Building Co., for improvements in 
apparatus applicable to knitting machines, and in the method of work- 
ing the same. 

12,826. R. Wallwork, for improvements in knitting machines. 

12,833. G. Moore, jun., for improvements in perambulator or similar 
hood fittings. 

12,951. W.S. MacLennan and T. Morton, for improvements in child’s 
carriages. 

12,962. J. Kohler, for improvements in machines for crocheting the 
edges of textile and other fabrics. 

13,097. G. Worsley, jun., J. Brelsford, A. E. Worsley, and F. Cree, 
jun., for improvements in or applicable to sewing machines. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
Price 8d. each. 
8,378. Button-hole sewing machines. G. Benson and J, Laird, of 
Belfast. Dated April 26th, 1893. 

 Consisis of an improved method of sewing batton-holes by sewing 
the two sides of a button-hole simultaneously and at one operation. 
The machine employed is of the kind in which a clamp is used for hold- 
ing the fabric, the clamp travelling up and down the cloth plate the 
distance required for the button-hole, the needle being stationary 
except so faras is required to make the button-hole stitch. Hitherto 
the fabric has been moved forward to make one side of stitching, and 
then back to make the other side, only one shuttle and one needle 
being employed, but according to this invention two needles and two 
shuttles are used, working simultaneously and sewing both sides of the 
hole at the same time. 

11,822. Attachment for Sewing Machines. P. R.J. Willis, a com- 
munication from W.M. Webber and L. E. Webber, both of Parkens- 
burg, West Virginia, U.S.A. Dated June 15th, 1893. 

By meansof this attachment large and small hems can be made. It 
comprises a curved arm fixed to the presser-bar by a set screw. A 
plate or bar bent at right angles has a slot at one end, through which 
a set screw is passed to adjustably secure it to the curved arm, its 
other end depending downwardly, and carrying 2 double and inverted 
hemming device. Another plate, having a slot at one end, is also 
adjustably secured by the set screw to the curved arm, and carries 
adjustably a hemmer gauge. 

14,216. Flat or Rotary Knitting Machines for making rib tops and 
the like. C.H. Aldridge, of Pinfcld Gate, Loughborough. Dated 
July 22nd, 1893. 

The object is to provide arrangements for readily and quickly 
altering and adjusting the stiffness of fabrics in cases where fabric 
has to be produced by different stiffmesses, such as rib tops and the 
like. The invention is designed more especially for use in frames built 
upon the principle known as ‘‘Coiton’s Patent,’ and where the cam 
shaft is ** shogged”’ endwise in order to bring two or more sets of 
cats into use as required. 

15,196. Sewing Machines. WH. Cousland, of Glasgow, & L. H. 
Smith, of Kilboure. Dated August 9th, 1893. 

Consists firstly of a method of elastically attaching the needle bar 
foot or needle guide to the needle bar, so that after the bar foot or 
needle guide has reached the extremity of its downward motion, the 
needle has a further movement through the fabric. Secondly, in pro- 
viding an improved combined presser-foot and holder for sewing per- 
forated buttons to fabrics. 5 





AUG. 1, 1894. 


15,301. Anitting Aachines. 
Dated August 12th, 1893. 

The object of the invention is to construct cams and mechanisrn to 
operate the same, so as to obviate the necessity of having stops at each 
ead of the machine for operating the centre or upthrow camas usually 
used. 

15,858. Anitting Machines. 
Dated August 22nd, 1893. 

In order to prevent the cam carriage from lifting or rocking, which 
occurs to a greater or less extent in machines of the ordinary construc- 
tion when working, and to permit the cam carriage to be disconnected 
if either of them require to be removed for any purpose, the rails upon 
which the carriages slide are formed with grooves arranged in 2 particu- 
lar manner, whereby the effects of vertical and horizontal thrusts are 
neutralised, and the carriages may be worked either quickly or slowly 
with perfect steadiness. 

The cam carriages are connected on each side of the machine by 
constructing them with a boss through which a bolt is passed, the 
intermediate space being filled by a ferrule whereby the carriages are 
regularly connected, but may be easily disconnected. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 

IssuED AND DATED May 29TH, 1894. 
520,452. L. E. Salisbury, Providence, R.I., knitting machine. 
520,622. O.Thielemann, Freiberg, Germany, baby carriage. 
520,657, J. Reece, Boston, Mass., sewing machine. 
520,759. HH. Moore, Wellingborough, England, actuating mechanism 

for sewing machine shuttles. 
IssUED AND DATED JUNE 12TH, 1894. 


Ne Higham, of Hulme, Manchester. 


J. Higham, of Hulme, Manchester, 


521,190. E. Tiffany, Bennington, Vt., stop motion for knitting 
machines. 

521,191. EE. Tiffany, Bennington, Vt., quarter saver for flit rib knit- 
ting machines. : 

521,197. R. Weiss, Nottingham, England, embroidering machine. 

§21,248. L. E. Salisbury, Providence, R I.. knitting machine. 

521,277. E. Tiffany, stop motion for straight knitting machines. 

521.284. E. W. Gourd, (Juincy, Mass., circular knitting machine. 

521,301. R.W. Thomson, Lynn, Mass., sewing machine. 

521,308. C. A. Dahl, Lynn, Mass., sewing machine. 

521,307. G. H. Gilbert, Philadelphia, Pa., cam for knitting 
machines. 

521,372. J. Holroyd, C. B. Hunt, & R. J. Johns, London, England, 
sewing machine. i 

521,377. C.F. Littlejohn, Bridgeport, Conn., sewing’ machine. 

IssuED AND DaTED JUNE 26th, 1894. 

521,855. P. Gohring, Ober Ursel, Germany, sewing machine. 

521,856. _ P. Gohring, sewing machine. ; 

521,860. H. A. Houseman, Philadelphia, Pa., needle actuating 


cam for knitting machines. 


COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
=) favour of your inquiry for any description of 

. Tron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Rassi- 
nettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
and best workmanship at low prices for 
cash. 


THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 


Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at | 
WHOLESALE PRICES. § PS 


Si= Organette for GBS/=— Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 





Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
dnd full particulars. 









3 Stops, 







Yox-humana, Tae 
Expression, Patent. 
and Flute. A 

Two hi We) = Mere | 
couplets a : - : Child 
ae ll can Play it. 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., ete. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required.. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 





For PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE Lists To. : 


R. WOOD & SONS, 


WHOLESALE iIRONMONGERS, 





BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD.,, 
who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. 


Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, 


a large quantity always in stock. 


TIMEPIECES 16/6 PEK DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE. 




















ih 





Sepr. 1, 1894, 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 
description 
and 
quality, 
to 
suit 
all 
Trades. 


NG. New 
I) Catal 
y \0) QULLOLIlZ 


The NEW ‘IDEAL’ KNITTER. 


INCREDIBLY 
SIMPLE, 





SPEEDY, AND 
PERFECT. 







Patent Automatic 
Cams and 
Latch Openers. 


Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


K NG's UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 17 & 18, 
Railway Approach, London Bridge, are offering the best 
terms to Agents for the sale of their Sewing Machines, Gold and 
Silver Watches, &c., &c. 








NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 
Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W. 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 





HUNTS AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 
LAMPS.—The ‘‘ Norfolk ” was admired by everybody at the 


Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Steet, 








Norwich. 
BELTS 1 BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 


lengths from 54 to 60 in. ; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Ilarvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 





Cycle AGENT in large Yorkshire town, having 

shop in leading thoroughfare, is open to take up agencies on com- 
mission during the winter.—Acdress ‘‘ Business,” care of Sewing 
Machine Gazette Office. 








5 WEEDLES.— Family and medium, 2s, per gross ; large 


quantities very cheap; Howe Bb, 3s. 6d. per gross. Every 
needle warranted perfect—S, Cox & Co., Alcester, 


= 
yo - e , a 













Various other New Features in 


, 
Hand and Power Knitting Machines. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. : 1¢ 





ferd a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. Sis 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 





London Agent — 
Mr. GEO, PEARCE 


39, Holborn 
Viadcct, 
E.C. 





(cE THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR CU, Limited, HALESOWBN, near BIRMINGHAM 
THE NEW PATENT “J” MACHINE, 





For Scotch Knickerbocker Hose, in Checks, etc. 





Testimonials from leading Houses—Home and Export. 





¢. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica St., Glasgow. 


Leicester Showrooms: 34a, HIGH CROSS ST. 





PT RAVELLER, with good connection, Perambulators, 
Mail Carts, Toys, seeks engagement.—Traveller, Sewing Machine 
Gazette Office. 





EWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 


first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. 








AG ENTS WANTED, to sell Priestley’s Improved 
Charcoal Smoothing or Laundry Irons, and Coal Economisers, 
&c. Manufacturers, Priestley & Co., Gibbet Street, Halifax, Yorks. 





VW ANTED, First-class PURCHASING AGENTS 
for the Rothwell Knitting Machines. Will give sole agency 
and most liberal terms to good men.—Apply, W. R. & Co,, Ltd. 


Albert Works, Bridgman Street, Bolton. 
£5 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 


ditch, London, or Birmingham. 











Our cash prices for finest Sewing Mechine Oils are : 


—2 0Z., 148.; 3 0Z., 16s. ; 4 0z., *8s, per gross, in 
panelled bottles. Oil guaranteed the best ; oils 
matched. Every kind of oil loose—Sewing 
Machine, Is. 6d. per gallon ; Cycle Burning, Is. 9d. 


per gallon; Cycle Lubricating, ts. 6d. per gallon, 
&c. Correspondence solicited.—Isaac Spencer & Co, (late Lady 
Bridge Oil Works), High Street, Hull, 
(See page 26 for other advertisements.) 








a eee Pe ee ee ee ee Pe ety eS tae et em 


12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 








fHE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—35, 6d. per annum, or 1s. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the ive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—es. 6d. per annum, or 9d. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application, All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 


Coniributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises, &c.;in their several towns. 


Trade Information. —We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c, All we ask is that they enclose 
Stamp for reply. 


Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of _their-information. 


Tn. Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
“Editor,” at the address given below. 


Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application. 


List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 


Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? I: 


Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a// our readers do likewise? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Raw, 
London, E.C. 





























Those of our readers who are partial to 
large’signs should take note that the 
London County Council are now 
trying to enforce the London Sky Signs Act with 
vigour. Last month they prosecuted a well-known trades- 
man for exhibiting over his premises a sign extending 
21 ft. over the parapet ofthe shop. Mr. Shiel, the magis- 
trate who heard the summons, said that everything was 
governed by the words “‘ visible against the sky.” He had 
seen the board himself, and to call it a sky sign was simply 
absurd. He should find as a fact that it was not visible 
against the sky. It covered the front of a skylight, and 
its absence would not even be anesthetic advantage. He 
dismissed the summons with five guineas costs. The 
London County Council, however, do not intend to let 
the matter remain where it is at present. 


Sky Signs. 


The Cycle Agents’ Union is the title 
of a new association. At the meeting 
to consider the question of its for- 
mation, Councillor W. H. Casley, of Exeter (well known 
to our readers as one of the largest cycle dealers, also as 
president of the Exeter branch of the H.T.P.A.), took the 
chair, and Mr. Mason was elected secretary. It is 
proposed to hold a meeting of the agents during one of 
the forthcoming cycle shows. In the meantime, bona-fide 
agents can communicate with the secretary at Clarence 
Road, Manor Park, London, E. The-object of the 
Union is, as we understand it, to attempt to stop the 
supply of machines to the public at wholesale prices and 
to generally serve the interests of the dealers. It will be 
interesting to note how the scheme works, but, unfortu- 
nately, combinations of traders for regulating prices or 
conditions of trade havea habit of falling to pieces just 
when they would the most useful, viz., when trade 
is bad. 


Union of 
Cycle Agents. 


As was naturally to be expected, considering 
how depressed the sewing machine trade has 
been of late, Jones’ Sewing Machine Com- 
pany have declared no dividend on their ordinary shares 
for the year ending May 31st last. The shareholders, 
however, have no real cause for complaint considering 
their investment asa whole. The first and second year's 
dividend on the ordinary shares were 10 per cent., fol- 
lowed by two years at the rate of 6 per cent., and the 
fifth annual report, given elsewhere, clearly shows that 
during the second half of the year trade had decidedly 
improved, As sound investments go, an average dividend 
of 6 per cent. is by no means unsatisfactory, but Jones’ 


The State 
_ of Trade. 


exceeded this, as during their five years’ career theyhave , 


paid 32 per cent. to their ordinary shareholders. 














SOME MISTAKES 


THAT PREVAIL TO A LARGE DEGREE AMONG SEWING 
MACHINE DEALERS, 


The periodical called the Mawon's Prede, issued by 
the Standard Sewing Machine Company, contains, 
under the above heading the following :— 

We take the liberty of calling attention to a few, 
in the hope that they may be corrected, and that the 
thinking of sewing machine men may become more in 
accordance with true business principles than has often 
been the case. 

One mistake is that sewing machine companies should 
furnish the retailer his capital ; in other words, that the 
time and ability and effort of the dealer should offset the 
stock furnished by the company. ‘This is the co-opera- 
tive theory of many of our writers and speakers on labour 
questions, reduced to the individual, instead of the mass 
of factory or other employes, and it is subject tothe same 
criticism, viz., that the working partner, the labourer in 
the one case and the dealer in the other, is a partner for 
profits and for profits only. He has no capital, and he 
‘Chas to live,’ hence he is allowed to “draw” a definite 
amount weekly, or to have a certain percentage of col- 
lections without any security on his part, that in case of 
ultimate loss the company is to be made good for cash 
advanced. This criticism applies primarily to consign- 
ment and commission deals, but is equally apropos of 
regular purchasers who have no capital, or at best only 
sufficient to buy an outfit—horse, waggon, office furniture, 
&c., and who expect to get money enough for the 
sale of machines to pay for them before the bill 
becomes due. Many hustling, wide-awake, able sewing 
machine salesmen make this mistake, and it is a serious 
one. They say honestly, the company is sate and should 
be glad to get such a chance to dispose of its goods. They 
know that their intentions are all right, and resent 
oft times any hesitancy on the part of the manufacturer to 
give them all the machines they want on their simpie 
promise to pay. 

Now, pray, think a moment. If they have no cash 
capital for the purchase of machines, nor for the payment 
of expenses until the “turn” comes, they will use the 
money that comes in from sales to pay such expenses: 
they can't help themselves ; they must eat or die, and if 
they die they can’t sell sewing machines ; the children 
and wife must eat and they will use the money that comes 
into their hands to buy food, always hoping and intend- 
ing that it will be made up before the bill is due; but 
where does the company come in ? 

The use of cash received from sales made by dealers 
who have no capital is exactly the same as cash advanced 
on commission—the dealer is the party to the contract 
who is absolutely safe—the company runs all the risk. Is 
this business ? Is it fair? The sewing machine business 
is the only one that we know of where the dealer has such 
notions. In all other kinds of business it is expected that 
the dealer will have at least cash enough to partly pay for 
his goods—no wholesale dry goods, hardware, or grocery 
dealer thinks of selling a bill to a man with no cash in 
the business—no would-be purchaser expects to buy wholly 
on credit. This peculiar view of things on the part of so 
many sewing machine men (not all ‘of them are so, nor 
even a majority) is due to the loose methods heretofore 
prevailing in the sewing machine business. It is the out- 
growth of the company retail offices and the advance com- 
mission plan, and is pernicious in the extreme. It is demo- 
ralising to the dealer, for it blinds his eyes to the fact that 
there is a thine as well as a mine to property, and makes 
him an unconscious communist. He becomes aggrieved 
when the company wants its share of the proceeds, and 
complains of hardship and unkindness of treatment, for- 
getting that he is the violator of a contract and that he 
has used the money that belonged to another. 

Truly, this is a mistake. 

Another mistake that is really the root out of which 
the first mistake mentioned has its growth, is that there 
is only one party to a sewing machine: dealer’s contract 









ailment sciatic rheumatism, 


SEPT. 1, 1894, 


with his company, Pie atid that panmeelene combat Many | examine the -discasedi [Gn MNGU prescribed tor MENGee that party is the company. Many 
a dealer seems to think there is no obligation whatever on 
his part, and that a sale places the company entirely at 
the service of the buyer. If the machines do not comeas 
promptly as the dealer wishes, the company gets a scor- 
ing: if the least defect appears in the machines when 
they arrive, the next mail carries the grievance, oft times 
couched in no gentle Janguage ; if the billed prices are not 
right the company is specdily reminded of its contract ; 
but when settlement day comes and there is something 
to be done by the second party, the company is treading 
on very dangerous ground if it even reminds the deale1 
that he has an obligation to perform. This is not always 
the case, nor is it frequently the case, but such things 
do occur, and they are the result of a serious mistake on 
the part of the dealer, viz., that there is only one side to 
a contract. 

One other mistake, and it is more general than those 
previously menticned, is that a sewing machine company 
is a bank, and that renewals of notes should be granted 
ad libitum, provided interest is kept up. In other words, 
that the company should loan money to its customers. 
That is just what the renewal of a note means—the loaa 
of so muchcash. The contract was based on the expecta- 
tion of cash at the expiration of a certain time ; the time 
for payment arrives, and if the cash is not forthcoming 
the company must put up justso much. Every overdue 
note or account represents so much more capital than is 
required to carry on the business legitimately, and is 
just so much invested in the banking business with this 
difference, that banks loan voluntarily on the best 
security, the company loan is forced and without security. 
Wholesale dealers and manufacturers are not bankers, 
and they have to meet their bills when due, Salesmen 
and men in the factory have tobe paid weekly ; there is 
no extension in their case ; it is cold, spot cash. 

The hard times are teaching hard lessons, but they are 
sorely needed ; they are creating a sentiment among busi- 
ness men more in accordance with true principles, and the 
tendency is rapidly growing toward a recognition of both 
sides to a contract. Mistakes are being rectified ; dealers 
are acting nobly in keeping within their i incomes, and in 


~ shaping business upon true economic principles, and the 


outlook for a good, healthy, honestly conducted trade is 
indeed bright. 
Rectify the mistakes. 








CANCER THROUGA CARRYING MACHINES. 


Our Chicago contemporary, Zhe Sewing Machine 
Advance, shows in its last issue how disease is produced 
through causes the most trivial. Mr. C. F. Goss (it 
writes), a sewing machine agent of Versailles, Ky., recently 
underwent the rare operation of amputation of leg at the 
hip joint, and the cause of the disease that rendered the 
amputation necessary was as unique as the operation 
was rare. 

For several years past Goss has been in the employ of 
the Singer Company. He was in the habit of leaving his 
home in Versailles every morning with his waggon, in 
which was loaded a sewing machine. When he would 
stop at a house he would be compelled to carry his 
machine from the waggon into the home of his prospec- 
tive customer. In doing this he would invariably carry 
the machine on his right shoulder. The pedal would 
strike against his right leg. He would be compelled to 
make a great many such trips in course of a day, and he 
always carried the machine in the same position. For 
seven years he engaged in this work, and finally began to 
feel intense pain in his right leg. 

At first he thought he was suffering with rheumatism, 
and paid no further attention to the darting pains. 
Sometimes. he would be attacked at night, ‘but the 
application of a stimulating liniment served to give him 
temporary relief. Finally the pain became more acute, 
and Goss was compelled to employ a coloured man to 
accompany him on his trips to carry his sewing machine. 
He still neglected to go toa physician, but tried a large 
number of domestic remedies in search of relief. He grew 
rapidly worse, and was compelled to use a cane to walk 
with. He even had much difficulty in walking with a 
cane, and finally went to see a doctor. The physician 
was told of Goss’s symptoms, and at once pronounced his 
The physician did not. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. ~ I SUBIR Uy Geile RSs 2 ACC CL Eeeete eens 0S 


examine the diseased leg, but prescribed for Mr. Goss 
notwithstanding. He was given medicine internally, but 
continued to grow worse. At night the pain would 
occasionally be so excruciating that he would jump 
from his bed and fall to the floor, yelling with 
agony. Failing to get any better as time went 
on, Goss went to see another physician. Like his brother 
disciple of Esculapius, the last doctor called in also said the 
sewing machine agent was suffering with rneumatism., 
More remedies, internal and external, were prescribed, but 
the patient grew steadily worse. 

Froma fine-looking muscular man of 165 pounds, Goss 
dwindled away to 90 pounds. He lost his appetite and his 
emaciated countenance alarmed his friends. The pain in 
the meantime had become so intense that he could not 
bear for any one to even bathe his leg. The menrber 
began to swell, and he called ina third physician, who pro- 
nounced his ailment white swelling. This diagnosis did 
not satisfy Mr. Goss, and he sent for Dr. Thompson, his 
family physician. The last-named doctor was 
frank enough to admit that the disease of Mr. — 
Goss could “only be determined by some eminent 
surgeon. It was then determined to take the 
suffering man to the Good Samaritan Hospital at Cincin- 
nati. Dr. Ransohoff was called in and made an examina- 
tion of the troublesome leg. After carefully looking at 
the member, the eminent surgeon put Goss through. 
a series of questions, and was told about the latter’s 
habit of carrying a sewing machine daily for seven years. 
Tt was then approxitnated that no less than 10,000 pedals 
had hit against Goss’s leg. This continuous beating — 
against the bones inthe leg had caused a cancer. The 
fibrous growth, which proved to be extremely malignant, 
had spread to such a degree that nothing could be done 
for the patient save to amputate the injured member. — 
Goss was informed of the true nature of his disease, and 
was also told that he would have to submit to the above 
named operation to get relief. He was also informed 
that, on account of his emaciated condition, he might 
not survive the ordeal. .Goss resigned himself to his fate, 
however, and agreed to sacrifice his diseased leg. Hewas 
given tonic remedies for a few days, and everything was 
then made ready to amputate the troublesome leg. Dr. 
Ransohoff selected Dr. Frieberg and Dr. Gilbert, one of 
the internes at the hospital, to assist him. Goss was given 
anesthetics and placed upon the operating table. 

The rare operation of amputating the leg at the hip 
joint took place. The physicians are greatly pleased 
over the outcome of the operation, as very few of the kind 
have ever been performed in this country. Goss is forty 
years of age ani has a wife and four children at Versailles. 
He has always been abstemious in his habits, which fact 
has been much to his ads ace in his present trouble, 
roaily, atalthough he will 
[ C a atters are no 


> 


SEVERE STRICTURES BY « COMMISSION. 


The report of the Royal Commission on the. Chicago 
| Exhibition was recently issued. The Commissioners, 
while admitting that the people of Chicago produced a 
display unequalled i in many characteristics, and in many 
respects distinctly superior to any previous similar 
attempt, pass some rather severe strictures, especially 
upon the system of awards adopted at Chicago. The 
system of individual judges instead of juries was most 
unsatisfactory. Some judges took a high standard 
and refused to make awards except to a small proportion 
of selected exhibits, whilst others took alow standard and 
gave medals to practically all the exhibits they were 
sent to examine. It was a mere accident whether an 
exhibitor had his goods examined by a single judge and 
received a medal, or whether he was lucky enough to 
get half a dozen judges to his stand and got half a dazen 
medals. In some cases medals were granted to each 
_ specimen in a collective exhibit, and in others a medal was 
given for the collective exhibit itself. Nor was the system 
satisfactorily worked. A definite promise was made that 
every exhibitor should have at least seven days’ notice 
of the visit of the judge, which would have been difficult 
to carry out under any circumstances. Asa matter of 

| fact, most exhibits were visited without any notice at all, 





be crippled for life, h 
worse. 


% 





T4 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


and many in the absence of the exhibitors. The result 
of the system and the way in which it was worked was 
shown by the fact that instead of awards being announced, 
as had always been the case up to that time, some time 
before the close of the exhibition, the official list was not 
published until six months after the exhibition was closed, 
thus causing great hardship to exhibitors. The delay in 
announcing the awards was unprecedented, for it was not 
until the middle of April this year that a complete list 
was received by the Commissioners. Moreover, 
there were many discrepancies between the first and 
final lists, and the final list does not clearly indicate the 
- number of awards made to each exhibitor in those cases 
where more than a single award has been made to the 
‘same firm. As far as can be ascertained, however, it 
appears that eleven hundred and eighty-three awards have 
been made in the British section, exclusive of the Colonies 
and India. The arrangements for the storage of empty 
cases and the payment of Customs duties were not entirely 
satisfactory. The exhibition buildings were impressive 


and magnificent in appearance, and enormous sums were _ 


lavished upon them, but they were not by any means 
particularly well adapted for their ostensible purposes. 
Hardly any of the Chicago buildings, except the fine arts 
building, were suitable for exhibition purposes. As tv 
the benefits resulting from the exhibition, the Commis- 
sioners are of opinion that it cau hardly be doubted that 
the evidences afforded at Chicago of the vastly cheaper 
rates at which many classes of goods could be obtained 
were they imported instead of being produced in the 
country made a profound impression on many shrewd 
observers, and from that one cause alone we may expect 
a considerable advantage to our trade. 


UNFAIR TRADING IN THE STATES. 


Our Chicago contemporary reproduces from a local 
paper the following instance of trading, which, to put it 
mildly, is not fair :—“ A Lewiston sewing machine agent 
who has been schooled in his business for several years in 
Boston, is showing at least one of his rivals his cleverness 
in the art ofselling his sewing machines. He visitsa house 
to sell a machine, and if he finds his competitor has got 
ahead of him, he at once proceeds to find how much has 
been paid on the one already there, which, if not over 
five or ten dollars, he allows a discount of that amount on 
his machine, and moreover agrees to return the one 
belonging to his competitor, which scheme has worked to 
acharmin a great many instances. Upon getting the 
other man’s machine in his possession he drapes it with 
black crape, puts it in his waggon, and hauls it home to 
him, opens the door, sets it inside, and remarks, “ Here is 
one of your machines that I took out of Mrs. J.’s,” then 
walks away and leaves his rival to mourn with the 
machine. Cwsarsaysall Gaulis divided inthree parts, 
and the competitor says that this fellow who bothers his 
business so has them all.”—Lewzston, Me., Sun. 














A JUDGE ON CANVASSING. 


In the report of the House of Lords Select Committee 
to inquire into the Debtors Act complaints are made 
by County Court Judges and others as to husbands being 
forced into debt by reason of indiscreet purchases by their 
wives. It would appear from the evidence there set forth 
that travelling drapers, commonly known as ‘‘ tallymen,”’ 
are the chief offenders. It behoves the sewing machine 
trade, however, to weigh very carefully the cpinions of 
the Judges on this subject, which were very well voiced 
by his Honour, Judge Edge, at the Stonehouse County 
Court last month. These remarks originated through 
the wife of a labourer applying to the Judge to reduce 
seventeen orders which had been made against her husband 
on judgment summonses to 3d. per month each. His 
Honour said he was astounded that the defendant should 
have been able to obtain credit from seventeen different 
drapers. He asked the defendant’s wife how she ever 
managed to baffle and blind all those travelling drapers. 
What representation did she make to them to get their 
goods? The woman replied that some of the tallymen 
came and asked her to take the goods. His Honour said 
he was informed by the Registrar that the husband, 
when he came to the Court, said he knew nothing what- 
ever about the debts. Mrs, Smith said her husband 


SEPT. a 1894. 


knew of twoof the debts. His Honour remarked that 
the woman, on her own admission, kept her husband 
ignorant of fifteen of the debts. It was absolutely shock- 
ing that a man earning £1 per week should be put so 
heavily in debt by his wife, and it was a great pity wives 
who contracted debts without the knowledge and con- 
sent of their husbands could not be sent to prison instead 
of the husbands. In this case the defendant would never 
be able to pay his debts. Ifthe plaintiffs had made the 
slightest inquiry they would have soon learnt of the 
defendant’s position, and known that if they parted with 
goods they were practically giving them away, that they 
would never be paid for them, and they must not use 
the powers of the Court to attempt to squeeze the money 
out of the people. He reduced the orders in each case to 
4d. per month. 

His Honour then observed that he thought it would be 
an appropriate occasion to make the few remarks he 
intended to make on the tally cases, His attention had 
been called by the officers of the Court to the great increase 
in the number of persons who were sent to prison, and 
particularly as tothe class of debts for which they were 
sent to prison. The Chief Clerk of the Court was good 
enough to prepare him a return of the number of persons 
sent to prison, and were actually in prison in the year 
1892, and on which he (the Judge) gave evidence on the 
Committee of the House of Lorés, which sat to consider 
the question of imprisonment for debt. Out of the ninety- 
two persons who actually suffered imprisonment from 
that Court for debt during the year 1892, fifty-seven were 
for debts owing to what were generally called tallymen, 
whilst all the other suitors in the Court only applied and 
enforced their warrants in thirty-five cases. Although 
the number of tally cases was one-third of the total num- 


ber of the plaints issued by the Court, yet thetallyimprison- 


ment formed two-thirds of the total. The Committee of 
the House of Lords did not abolish imprisonment for debt, 
and he thought they acted rightly, because in the great 
majority of cases persons obeyed the orders and paid the 
debts by instalments. Thus creditors got in a vast 
amount of their debts. In the first quarter of this year 
there were twenty-five persons sent to Bodmin, and of 


these twenty-one were tally cases, whilst only four . 


were sent by all other trades, including many travelling 
drapers who conducted their business in a very respect- 
able and reputable manner, so far as he knew. For the 
quarter ending June 25th this year, forty-one 
persons were sent by order of the Court to Bodmin for 
debt, and of this number thirty-eight were tally cases, 
and only three committed at the instigation of the 
ordinary suitors of the Court. Out of the sixty-six persons 
actually conveyed to prison only seven were sent by all the 
tradespeople and suitors other than tallymen. From 
inquiries which he had instituted, he had ascertained from 
the Governor of Bedmin Gaol the names of the various 
plaintiffs, and he found that all these people had been sent 
to Bodmin at the suit of about six travelling drapers 
alone. He found that some tally drapers, although they 
had money owing to them personally, and had assigned 
debts which they could not recover, went on trusting the 
same people as before. They watched the lists,and if the 
debtors made default then a warrant was issued, and in 
many cases the plaintiffs obtained their money, whilst in 
others the debtors suffered imprisonment. There were 
some tallymen—he did not use the word offensively, but 
beczuse they were commonly known by that term—who 
conducted their business without having resort to these 
very extreme measures. He was quite satisfied that if 
these half a dozen men who were repeatedly sending these 
people to prison bad made the slightest inquiry before 
giving them credit they would have learnt that they were 
already over head and ears in debt. In all probability 
the husband in the majority of the cases knew nothing 
whatever about the debts ; whilst in others the husband 
knew that the wife was dealing with tally drapers, but 
took no steps tocheck them. He found that in many 
cases the same debtor went to prison several times. One 
debtor had been to prison seven times, two others five 
times each, and others four times, three times, and twice 
for debts due to different traders. These were all tally 
cases. The ordinary shopkeepers found that they could 
carry on their business without resorting to these extreme 
measures, It was evident that there was something radi- 
cally wrong with the way in which these half a dozen 
tallymen carried on their business, and he was deter- 

















mined to ae a top to it. Te: men must not be § 
allowed to come to the Court and use it as a collecting 
machine for this reckless and indiscriminate giving of 
credit. He gave fair warning to all concerned that he 
intended to lay down some rules in all cases where tally 
drapers gavecredit to the wives in the absence of the 
husbands or without their sanction, and in cases where 
people who were sent to prison time after time owing 
debts it was utterly impossible for them to pay. Heshould 
suspend all warrants on all commitment orders which 
were more than three months old. If a plaintiff desired 
to issue a warrant after the September Court he must 
apply to him ex parze, and need not summon the defend- 
ants. But he (the Judge) would require to be satisfied 
that the debtor had at that time the means of payment, 
and he should insist on ihe observance of the same system 
which was in vogue in the Birmingham Court, and which 
would check this serious state of things. In all these 
cases where travelling drapers gave credit to the wife, he 
should require, before the judgment summons was issued, 
that plaintiff should see the husband personally and ex- 
plain the debt to him. That would haveto be proved on 
oath. The husbands ought to be made fully aware of the 
whole of the facts befcre a judgment summons was issued. 
He should also require full particulars of the earnings of 
the defendants, and their place of work. He proposed to 
have a note taken of every case, and then occasionally 
direct inquiries to be made in certain cases so as to ascer- 
tain if the facts stated were true. He had found in many 
cases when the defendant was absent the plaintiff said he 
wasearning 253. per week, that the man wasearning nothing 
like it ; in fact, 14s. per week was about the truth. Before 
he committed any defendant the plaintiffs would have to 
satisfy him that the man could pay, If, on inquiry, he 
found the statements as to the defendant’s position and 
-means were not true he should adopt some very stringent 
measures. It was becoming almost a public scandal that 
so many people should be committed to prison for debts 
which had been contracted by their wives. He hoped 
that statement would have the effect of stopping this in- 
discriminate credit, and of checking any injustice which 
might arise from the defendants not ous in Court. 


RECENT CHANGES IN THE TRADE. 


The firms named below havegiven up - business at the 
addresses stated since our last list of changes : 

Amersham. — Joseph Hatch, cycle and domestic 
machinery dealer, High Street. 

Arbroath.—Lewis Nicol, eycle and domestic machinery 
dealer, 1, Maule Street. 

Banbury.—E. Urbson, cycle dealer, Market Place. 

Belfast.—Gallagher Bros., cycle dealers, &c., 15, Old 
Lodge Road. 

Birmingham.—J. Ridgway, cycle and musical instru- 
ment dealer, 27, Newtown Row; George Vann, cycle 
dealer, &c., 245, Stratford Road. 

Bishops Stortford.—TV. Collis, dealer in sewing machines, 
&c., North Street. 

Bolton.—W. YT. Fowweather, dealer in cycles, prams, 
&c.,16, Boston Street; H. Ramsden, dealer in cycles, 
musical instruments, &c., 50, Bradshawgate. . 

Bootle.—Webster Bros., cycle dealers, 302, 
Road. 

Bromsgrove-—V. Elias, laundryman and cycle dealer, 

Burnham, Somerset.—C. E. Pountney, Oxford Street 
Machine Depot. 

Burslem.—Corps, Smith, & Co., cycle and domestic 
machinery dealers, 39, Price Street. 

Bury, Lancs.—G. H. Southwell, 
dealer, Heap Bridge. 





Stanley 


domestic machinery 





Chesterfield.—C. Blake, cycle dealer, &c., Holywell 
Street. 

Chiswick.—A, Batty & Co., domestic machinery dealers, 
High Road. 


Crawley. —F. M. Kenning, cycle and domestic machi- 
nery dealer, The Archway, High Street. 

Crewe. Bic Maybury, cycle agent, 2, Beech Street. 

Dorchestery—W . Brown, cycle dealer, 2, South Street. 

Dundee.—W. Roxburgh, draper and "domestic machi- 
nery dealer, 93, Haw “hill, 

Fenton, Longton.—A. C. Smith & Co., dealer in cycles, 
&c., Victoria Place. 

Finchley” (Zast).—E. Geasby, dealer in cycles 
domestic machinery, 14, Cavendish Terrace. 





and 


“and ‘Sewing Machine Gazette, 


15 


Forest Gate.—Leggett Bros., cycle and perambulator 
| dealers, 1, Sebert Road. 


se 


4 


fraser burgh. —Geo. Robertson, cycle manufacturer, 63, | 


Cross Street. 

Gateshead. — Richard Spoors, 
machines, &c., 24, Alfred Street. 

Glasgow.—The Cathkin Cycle Co., Caledonian Road ; 
J. J. Rae, cycle agent, 123, Sivord Street, Dennistoun ; 
Geo. Wilcox, aomestic machinery dealer, &c., 56, Cowlais 
Road, Springburn ; Robert Potter, sewing machine repairer, 
156, James Street, Bridgeton. 

Ffalifax. aiieina Rhodes, Sons, & Co., house furnishers 
and sewing machine dealers, 2 2, Broad Street. 

Hammersmith —Moorhouse, cycle agent, 97, Dalling | 
Road. 

flolyhead. —Gunn Bros., drapers and sewing machineg 
dealers, Commerce House. 


dealer in wringing 


Hfounslow.—W. Maslin, dealer in cycles and domestioa ¥ 


machinery, High Street. 


Innerleithen, N.B.—J. & W. Freer, drapers and sewing — 


machine dealers, High Street. 
Kidderminster.—Robinson & Greaves, ironmongers, 7, 
Oxford Street. 


Kilmarnock.—J. Farquhar, ironmonger, 61, Portland 


Street. 


Kirkburion, near Huddersfield.-—Earle, Brook, & Co., 
domestic machinery, &c., Beehive — 


dealers 
Works. 


in cycles, 


Leicester.—E. Sibson & Co., cycle manufacturers, Rut-— 


jand Street. 
Lincoln,—J. J. Mason, cycle dealer. 


London.—Dodds & Co., cycle manufacturers, Charles 


Street, Oakley Street, S E. 
Morley, Leeds.—G. E. Jowett, 


, cycle dealer, 
Street. ‘ 


High | 


Mountain Ash.—J. Bosher, cycie and sewing machine — 


dealer, &c., 61, Oxford Street. 


Newry.—. Macdonald & Co., ironmonger and cycle | 


agents, 43, Hill Street. 
Perth—Hugh McLardy, domestic machinery dealer, 
&c., St. Leonard Street. 


i Gis 


Ripley, Surrey.—Lewis Bros., cycle dealers, High ~ 
Street. 
Rotherham—W. H. Oates, cycle dealer, Thatched 


House, Rawmarsh Road. 


Runcorn.—M. Blank, house furnisher and perambu- | 


lator dealer, 17, Bridge Street. 


Salisbury.—R. H. Rebinson, cycle maker, Fisherton 


Street. 
Spennymoor.—Witham & Fletcher, 


Tudhoe Grange. 


cycle agents, 


St. Helens.—Price & Co., cycle and domestic machinery — 


dealers, 46, Duke Street. 
St. Zves.—R. R. Harris, dealer in domestic machinery, 
cycles, &c., High Street. 


Stockport. S. Turner, domestic machiuery and cycle — 


dealer, 13, Middle Hillgate. 

Stockton-on-Tees, A. Lazenby, cycle dealer, &c., 8, 
Hardmouth Terrace, Norton Road; Dunn & Mott, 
cycle agents, Hind Street. 

Stratford, E.—J. Gentry, dealer in wringers, &c., 112, 
The Grove. 

Wanstead.—- A. Sands, cycle agent, High Street. 

West Bromwich.—Hale & Co., dealer in cycles, musical 
instruments, &c., High Street. 

Worcester.—W.H. Hughes, ironmonger, cycle agent, 
&c., High Street. 


REMOVALS. 


James Hindle, cycle maker and 
has removed from King 


Bury, Lancs.—Mt 
domestic machinery dealer, 
Street to 12, Rochdale Road. 

Dudley.—Mr. James Parkes, cycle and domestic 
machinery dealer, late of 14, Lower High Street, Stour- 
bridge, is now carrying on business at 7, New hall Street, 
Dudley. 

Edinburgh.—Mr. P. Scott’s domestic machinery busi- 
ness is now being conducted at 4, Nicholson Street, 
instead of No. 43, as formerly. 

Grunsby.—Messrs. Taffender & Co., cycle manu- 
facturers, late of Cleethorpe Road, are now to be found 
in Freeman Street ; Messrs. Ockenden & Sharpe, dealers 
in prams, sewing and washing machines, &c., have lately 
remoyed from 118, Cleethorpe Road to Strand Street. 











FONES’ SEWING MACHINE CO., LTD, 
i FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT, 


The fifth annual meeting of the above Company was 
| held at the works, Guide Bridge, on the 16th ult., when 
the following Report was presented :— 


DIRECTORS’ REPORT. 
To THE SHAREHOLDERS, 


The Directors present their Fifth Annual State- 

_ ment of Accounts, which shows that, after allowing the 

' sum of £1,986 8s. 6d, for depreciation, the profit on the 

| year’s trading amounts to £2,577 6s., which, with the 

- balance of £1,048 gs. 9}d. brought forward from last 
year’s account, gives a total of £3,625 15s. ghd. 

The Debenture Interest and Directors’ fees absorb 
£2,750, leaving a balance of £875 15s. 94d., which 
_ your Directors propose to carry forward to next year’s 
accounts. 
| The Directors beg to inform the Shareholders that 
| the first half of the year’s working was most disastrous 
__ on account of the cotton and coal strikes, and at the end 
_ of November the figures showed a loss of £3,010 13s., 
_ but they are glad to state that during the latter half 
of the year they have been able not only to wipe off 
the £3,010 13s. loss, but to make a profit of £2,577 6s., 
_ showing a total profit of 45,587 ros. made on the last 

half-year’s working. 

_ Under these circumstances the Directors trust that 
the Shareholders will consider the result of the year’s 
: working satisfactory. 

The Works have been maintained and are in the most 


I 
































_ efficient condition. 
& For the Directors, 
a: WILLIAM JONES, Cuarrman. 
“ Dr. BALANCE 
es CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES. 
se Less ss ese. 
~ Nomina Capirar-— 
13,000 Six per cent. 
Cumulative 
Preference 
Shares of £5 
caches. Be 65,000 0 Oo 
19,000 Ordinary 
Ra Shares of £5 
: eachinees pee n9)5, 000) OO) 
32,000 Shares 160,000 0 O° 
SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL— 
13,000 Six per cent. \ 
: Cumulative 
‘ Preference 
\ Shares of £5 
ne each ... Seek 05,000" O10 
15,000 Ordinary 
f Shares of £5 
ie caches: 75,c0oo 0 O 
28,000 Shares 140,000 0 O 
Five per cent. First Mortgage Debentures 
E 800 of £50 each ... 40,000 0 Oo 
Reserve Fund ... se 10,000 © 0 
Creditors : uss ee Se 20,050) A 2 
Balance of Profit and Loss Account 875.15 oF 











£220,735 9 114 








Be Praise ide GGL a se cid: 
_ Interest on Debentures 2,000 O O 
Directors’ Fees 750 0 0 
2175 Oo OnO 
_ Balance as per Balance Sheet carried 
forward : 875 15 oF 








£3625 15 9% 











“26th July, 1894, 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


' Halesowen Perambulator 


t 


> 


SEPT, 1, 1894. 





We hear of an innovation which is likely to cause 
quite a radical change in the construction of perambu- 
lators. We are not yet at liberty to give the matter in 
detail, but of this we are certain, that, if the idea is given 
effect to, the perambulator trade may make up its mind 
fora practical reconstruction, very likely affecting the 
designing and manufacture of perambulators. We can 
only say that the example tried has given rise, in the 
district where it was seen, to a request to have the novelty 
put on the market. Wehopein our next issue to be able 
to fully explain the innovation. 

* * 

* 

As is well know», a short time ago there existed much 
prejudice against Birmingham-made perambulators. The . 
and Carriage Company, 
Limited, send us a copy of a letter, given hereunder, 
which they consider is evidence that the old prejudice is 
on the decline :— 

[Copy.] 
Exchange Furniture Stores, 
71, Pasture Street, Grimsby, 
August 25th, 1894. 

Dear Srrs,—I have had a large number of your bassinettes and 
mail carts during the season, and have great pleasure in stating that 
they have all been quite up tothe mark in every respect, and haye | 
turned out wonderfully well in wearing qualities. 

You are at liberty to publish this entirely unsolicited testimonial at 
any time. 

Respectfully yours, EDWARD AINGER. 

The Halesowen Perambulator Company, 














PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT. 


Halesowen. 
SHEET. CR. 
PROPERTY AND ASSETS. - 
Sh 
Land, Buildings, Machinery, Plant, 
Fixtures, Furniture, Tools, and 
Goodwill ... oe deo Shee OSh3 3 Aun Ola) 
Stock-in-Trade, Book Debts, and Cash a 
in hand ~-... La G00 155,40 1 95 
£ 220,735. 9 11¢ 
Cremer 
Balance brought forward from last year’s 
account 300 3p ee w= 1,048 9 9% 
Net Profit of the Working from the rst 
June, 1893, to 31st May, 1894 Dass hypee 10) (0) 











£3,625 15 of 











ie : Examined and found correct. 


SAMUEL ASHTON & SONS, Chartered Accountants, Auditors. 


WILLIAM JONES, \ Die fas 
JOHN EDWARD MELLOR,J~17ectors: 


EDWIN SLANEY, Secretary. 














SEPT: 1, 1892. and Sewing’ Machine Gazette. 17 


SUMETHING WORTH YOUR ATTENTION. 


THE STAR 
CATALOGUE 
is the most 
“practical” of 
all Catalogues 
issued this 
year. 





This is a great 
Point, 
and should 
commandyour 
serious 
consideration. 
A Catalogue is 
worse than 
useless if it 
isn’t 

“6 practical.” 


The STAR Baby ee still set the Fashion. 


A “Practical” 
CATALOGUE 
enables cone to 
practically 
understand the 
Goods handled, 
tacilitating the 
desideratum of: 
the 


Baby Carriage Trade, 


to wit— 
“Easy Sale 
and Handsome 
Profits.”’ 













































































































































































CATALOGUE POSTED FREE, UPON APPLICATION, TO ANY PART 
OF THE WORLD. 


STAR Manufaci 








uring Co., 


STAR WORKS, 


~— GOODINGE ROAD, YORK ROAD, LONDON, ¥. 


















































~ premises. 





As many of our readers know, Mr. James Robertson, of the North 
British Machine Company, the old-established sewing machine and 


cycle merchant, wields avigorous pen. The last number of the Cyclist 
contains a letter from him, which is quite characteristic, It reads as 
f lows :— : 

“Sour dark days have come upon those engaged in the 
cycle trade. Failures and arrangements with creditors are the order of 
the day. The truth is we are all awry, and the wheel which is awry in 
the head will not work true in the machine. Commercial methods as 
practised in other branches of industry are seemingly often unknown in 
the cycle trade. Good sense does not seem to be applied, and misfortune 
i; evidently needed to whip usinto proper methcds. An industry which 
is comparatively new, and which might have proved profitable for many 
years to come, now only yields the most barren results. ‘ Beggar my 
neighbour’ is the policy which has been pursued. The goods made 
have been largely in excess of the demand; few firms weighed up where 
a market, if any, was to be obtained, but an output must be made. 
Hence right over the country cycles and accessories have been literally 
given away to those who never considered what -would be right and 
fair, but only how far they could go and not be caught up by the 
sheriff ; while many others, honest enough traders, have entered 
into wild competition with this class, sold goods without a fair profit, 
and are now tottering in the balance. In other branches of business, 
well-meaning people do not find it easy to get into credit with houses 
of repute, but, in the cycle trade, persons whom it would be risky to 
trust with a quastern loaf often get credit for hundreds of pounds. ‘The 
rule of the cycle trade has not been to inquire into the antecedents of 
their customers ; thoughtful care has been thrown to the winds. Each 
scrambled to participate in the lottery, and lived in the hope that it 
would all come right. Unfortunately, you cannot be a fool buta hun- 
dred others smart for your folly, and so all down the line the smart has 
been felt. It looked as if commerce had been some new experiment, 
wherein system and forethought had no place. A tremendously heavy 
price will have to be paid for all this, but the question is, will what 
has taken place this year be sufficient to clear the ground of these 
rotten stumps? Can more money be got from a gullible public to 
start new firms, and give these people a chance of still further per- 
peinating mischief, or will careful methods be adopted in the future. 
Ina certain city within the present year a crowd of new people entered 
upon this thriving and successful cycle business,but already the bulk 
have come to grief, for the simple reason there was little 
experience and less capital. The loss to them has been 
slight, but to makers great, while other agents, not liking to see 
trade go by them, entered into foolish competition, and suffered greatly 
from the new methods of trading (?). A firm of wholesale traders, 
according to their public examination, started this season with a borrowed 
capital of £200; scarcely an important firm in London, Birmingham, 
and Coventry but were favoured with their orders. Numerous adver- 
tisements were inserted in newspapers that gave credit, the goods were 
supplied without inquiry as to whether there was capital or character 
behind the concern, and, of course, they still wait. The statements of 


- Mr. Fair Speech and partners that all would be right were considered 


sufficient guarantee. Another opening was made in February this year, 
the only capital being the credulity of makers and agents. This soon 
blossomed into three separate shops. Some traveller, no doubt hungry 
for commission, would write to his house about the virtuous complexion 
which was painted on Mr. Hifalutin, and a few cycles would besent. The 
next whocame along would be an accessory man, who laid down hisshare, 
andhis fellow, seeing stock, followed suit. Andsothe game went on 
till the inevitable bankruptcy. -Had the firms who sent on 


goods adopted the most ordinary precautions, inquired at 
a. Trade Protection Society, the chances are their goods 
would have been saved, and the ~ competitor would have 


had ne chance of carrying on his work. The public exami- 
nation revealed the fact that he started the profitable game of 
pawning cycles. One month after opening he had found a ready out- 
let, and so the largest asset left for his creditors were the said pawn- 
tickets. These two casesare perhaps small fry, but area fair sample 
of what has been done all down the line. “But as bad astate of matters 
has been perpetrated by firms with higher pretensions. A limited 
company, organised anew less than twelve months since, which has 
several branches, and a directorate having the names of more than one 
person eminent in the cycle world, have produced more havoc by their 
reckless methods of conducting business than the smaller fry. These 
mien had some claims to experience, and should have known before- 
hand how their work would look when finished. At regular periods 
auction marts have been crowded with supplies from this firm, they 
even going the length of conducting auction sales in their own 
From the prices obtained it was clearly evident there was 
no margin of profit, no gain to them, and great loss to everyone else in 
the business. Not satisfied with the auction trade, which after all 
is scarcely legitimate, pawnshops have held immense stocks 
from the same source, and private persons have been able to get 
ce cles of a good brand (the makers would blush to see the name in 
ptint) at £3 to £4 less than they could be bought in the wholesale 
market. Borrowing money at 60 percent. asa rule only ends in 
bankruptcy and disgrace; selling goods at less than cost has the same 
ending. Those who have carried on this game are scarcely worthy, ene 
would think, of a post of honour, and yet the nature of the business 
allows the genial Mr. Spending Tall ‘Valk to shift his management 
from place to place. The public, with their readiness to subscribe 
money to concerns about which they know nothing, contented with 
plausible prospectuses, have done not a little to ruin the trade. The 
individual seeks to protect his own, a limited concern often carries on 
unprofitable werk till the shareholders’ money has gone. If ever the 
history of the cycle trade is written, it will be a strange record of folly, 
credulity, and concerns floated with £20,000 and £30,000 capital, 
without a single asset but ‘ plausibility.2 No wonder the swift feet 
of Justice have stepped in. _ We want new methods, in which fairness 
and honesty will have some share in the game, the lottery of honest 
labour, diawn by time, is, after all, the only one whose prizes are worth 
taking up and carrying home. There are surely ren in the trade who, 





Great results are not to be accomplished by small efforts. 
future, ifthe higher instincts come uppermost, and each works to con- 
demn the recklessness which has prevailed. If we are taught by the 
past, this year’s disasters may not alter all be in vain. 
“JAS. RoBERTSON, 
““Maneger The North British Machine Company, 
- “Glasgow and Manchester.” 


Failures and Arrangements. 


SCOTT, WALKER, & CO., Baby Carriage Manu- 
facturers, &c., 222, Leith Walk, Leith. 
The above estate has been sequestrated. Liabilities, 
£621 7s. 10d, ; assets, £208 11s. 8d, The following are 
the principal creditors :—- 


ji Lo seeds 
Alexander, H., & A G:& Co, Ltd., Glasgow... 13 7 © 
Brooks, W., & Son, Walsall... se bod Tr 2 O. 
Campbell Gas Engine Co., Ltd., Glasgow Seo Ono 
Finlayson & Stuart, Edinburgh .. ct Boece eyed tiara | 
Fastie, W..... Be Bee one 500 sey i720 
Gritzner Machine Co., Durlach_ ... a ST Oreo) 
Henderson & Adam, Edinburgh ... oo -. 30 611 
Hughes, George, Birmingham aa eee Fae OROMEO. 
Hutton, A. & J., Edinburgh eA oh Cae ON 
Horsfall, Ro & J... sae ba 500 Papeete) slits) at! 
Littlewood, George, Birmingham ... sae Vale Lay eaO, 
Low. W. M: ves oe Ba aS Pees 1 
McDonald, — ane Be as ye os AOA NSO 
Robinson, H. A. ... ae a5 to: seo Dee 2 
Rogerson, Thomas, & Lawson ces 300 LOMO 3 
Wishart, D. F:, & Co., Edinburgh... Sa USOT aan 
Williamson, — - 21 6 4 


ALFRED BROWN, Ironmonger, &c., 55, Coplestone — 
Road, Avondale Road, Rye Lane, Peckham, late 56, 
St. John’s Road, Clapham Junction. 

A receiving order was granted in the above on July 
31st. Liabilities, £1,704 16s. 3d.; assets, £23 4s. 2d. 
Ami g the creditors are Messrs. Holmes, Pearson, & 
Midgiey, Keighley, for £24. 

PH@BE WOODALL, Furniture Dealer, &c., 
Street, Dudley. 

A deed of arrangement was filed herein on July 27th, 
under which a composition of 12s. ix the pound is to be 
paid by four equal quarterly instalments, commencing 
October roth. Unsecured liabilities, £707 18s. 4d. ; 
assets after deducting secured claims, £360 4s. 9d. 
Among the creditors are Messrs. Seidel & Naumann, 
London, for £16. : 


THOMAS RUSSOM, Furniture Dealer and Manufac- 
turer of and Dealer in Sewing and Wringing 
Machines, 42, Park Lane, late 34, North Street, 
Leeds. , os 

In the above bankruptcy, the Star Manufacturing Com- 
pany are creditors for £10, and Messrs. Summerscales, 
Limited, Keighley, for £17 2s. 4d. Liabilities, 
£700 38. rod. Assets, after deducting preferential claims, 
£657 17s. 8d. ; 

WILMOT HOLLAND, trading as SO-ALL LOCK- 
STITCH SEWING MACHINE COMPANY, 3, 
Oxford Street, London, W. 

It is proposed to announce a dividend herein shortly. 
AARON MIDGLEY, Sewing Machine Agent, 

Malton. 

Mr. W. Richardson, C.A., of 13, John William Street, 
Huddersfield, has been appointed trustee of this estate. 
JOHN SINCLAIR, Peram bulator Manufacturer, 52, 

Church Street, Liverpool. 

An order was made on June 29th that the discharge of 
the above debtor be suspended for three years. The 
trustee, Mr. F. Gittins, has been released. 


EGDELL & CO., Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers, 
Newcastle-on-Tyne. 
A first dividend of 2s. 6d. in the pound will be paid on 
September 3rd at Official Receiver’s offices, Pink Lane, 
Newcastle-on-Tyne. 


R. H. ROBINSON, Dealer in Cycles, Prams, and 
Mangles, late of Fisherton Street, Salisbury. 
A first and final dividend of 3s. 11d. in the pound is 
now payable at Official Receiver’s, Salisbury. 
J. W. LAYTON, Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealer, 
Newmarket. 
The above has been adjudicated a bankrupt. 


New 





Sep, T, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 21 4 


GENUINE AMERICAN { 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 






THE 





SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with specizl 


American Weinger 0 er 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE C0.) BIERNATZKI & CO.. 
beg respectfully to call the attention of the 44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 
Trade to their improved a 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 





HEW HARRISON 


SWIFT GOLD MEDAL 


TER 


KNITS Stockings ribbed or plain 

GLOVES and CLOTHING in 
VOOL, SILK, or COTTON, INSTRUG 3 
TIONS FREE. Lists 2d. per post. 

TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The only 

WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 

and 22 other Honours. IARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CO 




















































































































The ‘““ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
Dest materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘‘HOUSKHOLD” WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Ghederine the quality of the materials used, the ‘“ HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


SESESSESESSSHSHOSTESHHOHHIOHOOHHOHO OOD 


WHAT IS THIS? 





This is a section of 


and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle 
We guarantee all 





rollers in our ma- 





chines to have an 





equal thickness of 





rubber to that shown 





in the sketch. 














The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
mide of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 


Onr new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER 60,, 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E, 





Works: 48, Uprer Brook St.. Mazcbester. 








The New 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


J is the only machine in the world 
which can knit every garment 
Ss that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what could be done on the 
“ New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, avd thousands of !adies 
who have entirely abolished hand koitting are now earning gocd 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything, in eitaer silk, wool, or cotton. 





Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 




















Seidel & Naumann haye declared a dividend of 20 per 
cent., an increase of 2 per cent. on last year. They have 
largely increased theircycledepartment, untilits capacity is 
now 13,000 machines per annum, without diminishing 
their sewing machine business. Another sewing machine 
firm, Durkopp & Co., Bielefeld, have increased their cycle 
trade to an output of 8,000 machines a year, ‘Their last 
dividend was 11 per cent. 

= * 
* 

Adam Opel, sewing machine and cycle manufacturer, 
Ruddelsheim-on-the-Rhine, has now an output of 7,000 
cycles per annum. 


* * 
* 

Bicycle locomotives are coming to the front according 
to Dr. Mahana, of Sunnyside, U.S.A., the inventor, who 
‘s making ready for the trial trip shortly to be made 
on the Mount Scott and Portland Railway. The engine 
rests close on the track, all the bearings being onacentre 
rail, and is altogether different from any other traction 
machine. The engine consists of a tender and a driving 
portion. The centre wheels on either side of the middle 
rail press the rails in such a way that derailment is 
impossible, while the weight is carried by the drive and 
one rear and one front wheel. The whole locomotive is 
balanced on these centre wheels. There is also a set of 
wheels on either side of the locomotive, which act as a 
balance, preventing the engine from upsetting. The 
weignt of the locomotive, equipped with water and fuel, 
is 15 tons, and it is expected to develop a speed of 100 
miles an hour and have the power of a 75-ton engine. 
About half a mile of track on the Mount Scott line has 
been prepared by laying a third railin the centre of the 
roadbed. The bicycle engine is constructed so that it can 
run on any standard gauge road by simply laying down a 
middle rail. 


~ * 
In this country also the cycle is being adapted to rail- 
way travelling. The G.W.R. Company are now using 
between Bala Junction and Bala Town a cycle carriage 








worked by four men, who propel it over the rails with 
their hands and feet at the rate of 15 miles an hour. 


 * 

Messrs. R. M. Wright & Co., of Water Lane, Lincoln, 
announce that they have now the Humber agency as 
well as other important agencies, and hold the largest 
stock of cycles in Lincoln. They also sell prams and 
mangles. 


x * 


During the past month there have been two trade name 
prosecutions inthe cycle trade. In one case the name 
“ Dunlop” was applied to other than tyres made by the 
Dunlop Company, and in the other a label was attached 
to a cycle falsely representing that it was made by the 
Whitworth Company. In the latter case the de- 
fendant was fined 4os. and costs, and fin. the former 
case the defendant did not appear at the Sessions 
and answer to the charge, but Sir Peter Edlin, 
the Judge, stated that the Dunlop Company were quite 
right in their action, and went on to say that inventors and 
patentees should protect their interests against infringe- 
ments, not merely of registered trade marks, but of recog- 
nised trade names. 

bine 

At the annual meeting ‘of the Cycle Manufacturers’ 
Association, the secretary reported that in a recent case 
which the Tower Cycle Company brought against a 
firm of cycle dealers in Ireland for the recovery of moneys, 
and in which case the defence was raised that they were 
merely agents, and that the machines sent were on sale or 
return and returnable at will, the association had taken 
up the case, carried it to the Court of Appeal, and won, the 
result of the action being to clearly show that the cycle 
agent, as generally understood, is a cycle dealer, and that, 
unless specific arrangements have been made, any 
goods sent him in the ordinary course of business are pur- 
chases from the firm sending, and are not returnable. 


Two new patents are being vigorously pushed at the 
present moment, viz., the Boudard Gear and the Cycle 
Spring Speed Chain-wheel. There appears to be much 
difference of opinion as to the actual value of these inven- 
tions. It is contended by some cycle authorities that any 
ordinary high-geared machine is as good as the Boudard. 
Then asto the Spring Chain-wheel, some incline to the 
opinion that the spring acts with.a storage of power given 
off by the rider at the early part of the stroke. 

es * * 


* 

Our readers will be pleased to hear that Messrs. Brad- 
bury & Co, Limited, have good cause to be well satisfied 
with their first season’s experience of the cycle trade, not 
only as regards their output, but also as to the perform- 
ances of their cycles. Wehave before us a list of the im- 
portant races won by Bradbury’s cycies during July and 
August, and they exceed 40 in number, among them being 
the 50 miles championship at Liverpool. 


Fleetwood, for £19 16s. sod, July 18th, and John D. 
Aarcn, machinery dealer, Halifax, for £29 11s. 11d., 
July zoth. é 








22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


eh we 
LIP Ie as 


SEPT. 1, 1894. | 





ON WHEEL MOVEMENTS. 

The question whether the top of a wheel in motion 
moves taster than the bottom is often discussed: by those 
inclined to technical investigation. An exchangeanswers 
an inquirer in the affirmative and offers the following 
demonstration of the fact: The top is moving in the 
direction of the wheel’s motion of translation : the bottom 
is moving directly opposite. Here is a practical and 
easily understood demonstration of the fact. Take a 
wheel, or, 1f none be at hand, a half-crown ; mark points 
at the top and at the bottom, and call these points A and 
B. Now make a mark at the starting point, directly 
beneath A and B (A at the top and B at the bottom) upon 
whatever surface the wheel is to be rolled over. Now roll 
the wheel or coin for one quarter of a revolution, which 
brings A and B upon the dividing line between what 
were the upper and lower portions of the wheel at the 
time it was started. It will then be seen that A and B 
move upon a radius equal to the diameter of the circle, 
aud that by actual measurement A has moved a much 
greacer distance and described a much longer curve than 


B, consequently it must have moved considerably faster. — 


Both points, however, have described what are knowr as 
cycloidal curves. Now, if another quarter revolution be 
made, which will bring B tothe spot occupied by A at 
the start (or at the top), it will be found that B has 
travelled the greater distance and described the longer 
curves. It is said that in instantaneous photographs of 
carriage wheels in rapid motion, the spokes at the upper 
part of the wheel are blurred and indistinct, while at the 
bottom they are plain and clear cut. 








THE STANLEY CYCLE AND SEWING 
MACHINE SHOW. 

As announced inouradvertisement pages, the eighteenth 
annual Stanley Show, which will be held at the Agri- 
cultural Hall, Islington, from November 23rd to December 
1st, inclusive, will not be confined to cycles as heretofore. 


~The Committee of Management, we are told- by Mr. 


FE. A. Lamb, ‘he secretary, haye, at the request of several 
large agents, decided to devote a portion of the Hail for 
the exhibition of sewing machines. Applications for 
space should be made at once, as a large amount of the 
booking is already completed, and the entries close on 
November ‘tst. 


As our readers well know, the ‘‘ Stanley” is essentially 


a business show, attracting as it does cycle and sewing 
machine agents not only from all parts of the kingdom, 
but from almost all civilised countries. We hear that no 
expense will be spared in thoroughly advertising the 
exhibition and in consulting the interests of both 
exhibitors and visitors, 








—_—__ 


In cur June number we announced the retirement of Mr. Sydney A. 
Bennett, who for scme years cccupied a Jeading position in the 
Singer Company, latterly taking charge of their trade in this country 
During the past month he, it is alleged, attempted to murder a girl’ 
with whom he had been cohabiting, and then shot himself in the head’ 
Now that the bullet has been extracted, he is expected shortly to figure 
in the police-court. Z 

















ROS. rox BEDSTEADS. 


HARFORD STREET, 


BIRMINGHAM. 





































































































































































































































































SS 
























































SS === = 



































FENDERS, WOO 








ant 





and Sewin SE Sas We chine Gaz Zette, 


STANLEY SHOW, 


. fe 


~The (8th ANNUAL \UAL EXHIBITION 


Cycies, Cycle Accessories, 
Cycle-making Machinery, 





Photographic Appliances, 


AND 








SEWING MACHINES, 


WIEE BE HELD Al. THE 


ROYAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, 


ISLINGTON, WNr., 


Nov. 23 to Dec. 1, 1894, 


INCLUSIVE. 
EIGHT DAYS AS USUAL, 
Recognised by the Press, Public, Agents, Buyers, 
and Cyclists, all over the World, as 


THE TRADE EXHIBITION 


and promises this year to eclipse all previous 
_ STANLEY SHOWS, 


The Ce eitice have set ee the East End of 
the Main Gallery specially for the Exhibition of 


SEWING MACHINES. 


Applications for Space, which is limited, should 








Serpe eeeoe es 


bemade at once, and all particulars to be had of 


EK, A. LAMB, Secretary, 


57, CHANCERY LANE, W.C, 























AN INSTRUCTIVE EXPERIMENT, 


There were many strange things on exhibition at the 
World’s Fair, and there was one in particular that seemed 
so impossible that many visitors would not believe in its 
reality, and came away with the impression that they had 
seen a Clever feat of legerdemain, whereas the fact is it 
was a genuine natural phenomenon, which will doubtless 
be put to use in the arts. ‘We refer to the experiment 
shown in the electrical building, where a bar of iron was 
raised to a welding heat by plunging it into a bucket of 
water, and perhaps an explanation of it would be 
interesting. 

Most of our readers know that water is composed of 
two substances—oxygen and hydrogen—which are both 
gaseous when they exist separately, but which condense 
and praduce that familiar liquid when they are united 
chemically. This may be proved by mixing one yolume 
of oxygen with two volumes of hydrogen, and applying a 
light to the mixture. It explodes violently, and for this 
reason the experiment must be performed in a strong 
vessel. When proper precautions are taken it is found 
that there is nothing in the vessel after the explosion but 
water and steam. The original gases have entirely 
disappeared, and the new substance (z.c., the water) does 
not bear the slightest resemblance to either of them. 

The composition of water may also be proved by 
analysis. For example, if the two terminal wires of a 
galvanic battery be dipped into a glass of water it will be 
found that bubbles of gas are given off at the negative 
wire (¢.e., the one connected with the zinc end of the 
battery), and if these bubbles are collected they will be 
found to consist of hydrogen. If the positive wire 1s of 
platinum or gold, or some other non-oxidizable metal, 
bubbles of gas will appear there too, and upon collecting 
them we shall find*that they consist of oxygen. (If the 
positive wire is copper the oxygen bubbles will not be 
obtained, for the oxygen will unite with the copper as 
fast as it is liberated, forming oxide of copper.) 

In the experiment referred to above, the bar of iron 
was connected to the negative pole ofa powerful dynamo, 
the other pole of which was connected with the bucket 
or with a plate of copper in the bottom of it. The water 
in the bucket immediately began to decompose, and 
hydrogen was deposited all over the submerged surface 
of the iron bar. In a few moments the bar became 
covered with a film of hydrogen that protected it from 
contact with the water around it. If the dynamo were 
not very powerful the electric current would then cease 
to flow, because the continuity of the circuit was broken. 
But as the experiment was arranged at the Fair, the 
dynamo was so powerful that it overcame the great 
resistance of the film of hydrogen, and sent its current 
right through it. Now, it is a general fact that heat is 
produced wherever an electric current encounters a 
resistance, just as heat is produced in the bearings of an 
engine when the journal resists the motion of the shaft, 
owing to roughness or grit or bad alignment. Hence the 
electric current from the dynamo generated great heat in 
passing through the resistant film of hydrogen that was 
deposited on the surface of the iron bar, and the dynamo 
used in the experiment was so powerful that it could 
produce heat enough to make the bar white hot in a few 
moments. The water did not quench the bar, because 
the hydrogen film prevented the two from coming into 
actual contact with each other. 

It was a remarkable and instructive experiment, and 
will never be forgotten by those who saw it performed. 








ALCULATING CHECK TILL. 

A few months ago we gave in these columns particulars 
of the Brunsviga Calculating Machine, made by Messrs. 
Grimme, Natalis, & Co., the well-known sewing machine 
manufacturers. This firm’s London wholesale agent, 
Mr. Charles Bradoury, of 249, High Holborn, W.C., has 
recently shown us a new invention which they are 
making, viz., a Calculating Check Till, as illustrated. 

_ This apparatus is aptly termed the “ Securitas,” for not 
only does the money pass into a drawer to which only 
the principal has access, but each customer can see his 
identical coin in the drum of the machine as it slowly 
falls into the upper drawer ; further, the amount of his 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


EEE eee Soon ee 


SEPT. 1, 1894. 





purchase is displayed by the machine. Lastly, the 
machine adds every successive farthing put into it, and 
at any moment the total contents can be ascertained. 
We might add that the lower drawer (which is self 
acting) is provided for change, and that the mechanism 
can be secured against interference during absence ; also, 
that a moving scroll is provided for notes if required. 





























































































































































































































































































































It is clear from the foregoing that the “ Securitas” 
possesses advantages over existing machines from the 
average shopkeeper’s point of view, and we can answer 
for its being durable, moderate in price, and elegant in 
appearance. Mr. Bradbury will be pleased, we under- 
stand, to appoint good buying agents, or to forward full 
details and make arrangements for showing the machine 
to any of our readers who care to interest’ themselves in 
this new and progressive branch of commerce. 











































































































Messrs. Brown & Charters, drapers, Whithorn, N.B., have added the 
sale of cycle and sewing machines to their regular business, 
*  * 


The drapery and sewing machine business formerly carried on by 
Mrs. Latham at 43, Whalley Range, Blackburn, 1s now owned by Mr. 
A. W. Dawson. : 
sts 
A correspondent of the Mechanical World jin England, claims that 
the American machine-made watches are much better than either 
English or Swiss watches at the same price. 
° 


* 
Last month there was laid to rest Mr. Peter Esslemont, of Aberdeen, 
a well-known draper and dealer in sewing machines. Starting life as 
a: draper’s assistant, he worked his way up to a position of renown, and 
at one time was a M.P. G : 

* 

_ * 

The Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company have not yet closed 
their Queen Victoria Street premises; but during the present month 
they expect to remove to their two new premises, viz. 128, Cheap- 
side, and 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, Paul Street, Finsbury, E.C. 

* 


A subscriber to the American Mail and Export Jowrnal, residing 
at Guadalajara, Mexico, requests in the columns of that journal 
catalogues and prices of machinery for making knit goods. Replies 
will be forwarded to this gentleman if addressed care of Zhe JdZail, 
126, Duane Street, New York. : 


GEO. TOWNSEND & 60., 
SEWING MACHINE 


NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS, 


GIVRY WORKS, REDDITCH, 


Advise the TRADE that they Manufacture none but first quality needles 
for every description of work. Buy no others but those bearing our TRADE 
mark, a WHITE riog on BLUE shank. None genwine but owr make, A 
quantity of Shuttles and Fittings in Stock at PRESENT DAY prices. 


London Agent: J. P. ALLEN, 12, WALBROOK, E.C. 
SEND FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES wena 











Ce ee 


——— 


SEPT. 1, 1894. 


- and Sewing Machine Gazette. 





BiG DISCOUNTS. BiG PROFITS. 


NEW AGENCY TERMS—DEALERS PLEASE WRITE 





i, 


d Sie aa iN Nee at 











- ma SEG COE 
NYTHING, 

NY WHERE, 
NY SHAPE, 
NY TIME, 








It took the GRAND PRIZE at Paris, 1889, over the leading machines of the world as the most advanced 
sewing machine mechanism, 
The rotary principle is the true one and wins every time. 


Agents wanted whereyer not represented. Address for terms, 


WHEELER & WILSON MFG. CO.,, 


21, Queen Victoria Street, London E.G. 





i 
f 
} 





26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


SEPT. 1, 1894. 





Owing tothe immense size of the country and the 
ramifications of the canvassing trade, the American 
sewing machine agent meets with experiences absolutely 
unknown in the United Kingdom. This is well shown 
in a letter, which we give at foot, in the last number of 
the New York Sewzue Machine Times. Our readers 
will note that the American sewing machine canvasser 
appears to be without much honour im his own country :— 

I want to present to thereaders of Sewzng Machine 
Trnies a picture of the country agent as he goes his weary 
way from early morn tolateat night. This isa feature of 
the trade that is less often mentioned in print than some 
of the more attractive ones, but one quite as worthy of 
attention, and I can best do this by giving my own ex- 
perience. It’s lots of difference from being a city agent, 
because Lused to put oncity airs. Now I am a full 
fledged granger, and the wind whistles through my 
whiskers as I pen this letter. 

Inthe city you have your ups and downs, but when 
night comes you are with wife and little ones, if you have 
them, but how isit inthe country ? Oh, what a differ- 
ence in the morning, as the bedbug escapes after having a 
night’s reverie at your expense, or you areawakened bya 
dull thud, asa nice plump one tumbles off onto the floor. 
You start out with a machine on your waggon and get 
back that night—or in a week—just as luck will have it. 
Well, now, the thing I want to write is my own experience, 
of which I will give a chapter. 

I had just received a letter from the manager in regard 
to a man wishing to work fcr the company, and that he 
wished me to see the man at once. Well, it was nothing 
but go, and sol started. I left that evening at four o’clock 
witha machine on my waggon, on my trip of thirty miles. 
It was a new country to me, and of course I did not know 


where night would catch me, but I plodded onward, and 


as darkness overtook me I began to look for a stopping- 
lace. 

“ Hello, there, can’t you let a fellow stay at your house 
all night ?” 

Wall, I don’t know about that.” 

And as he meandered out and eyed the outfit, and saw 
that I wasa machine agent, then he shook his tangled 
locks and said :—“ No, I can’t keep you. Their ole gal 
an’ ther baby aresick. I can’t keep yer.” 

Well, after pleading with him, but in vain, I was told 
that Imight get achance to stop up further. ‘‘ How much 
further ?’’ lasked. ‘‘Oh, about ther rise of three miles,’’ 
and that meant four. I looked at my jaded horse and 
then at ny watch—8.30 p.m., pulled down my hat, set 
my teeth, and cursed under my breath. Sand knee deep, 
out ina strangecountry, and the night before me. But 
go it, Brother Bill, and we moved up on our journey. 
Well, after sometime I got a place, and after some big 
talking on my part I got to stay with his nibs. And such 
astay. Well, it was 11 o’clock when I looked over the 
bill of fareand saw on it: White meat (bacon), corn 
bread and sop. Great Scott, what a changeand a variety 
Thad. ‘Just help yerself, stranger.” Oh yes, don’t 
worry about us sewing machine agents, we will get there. 
But that was tough. However, I waded into it and lay 


THE AMERICAN COUNTRY MACHINE 
AGENT. 


in a store, with wheat coffee, with lasses to season it, and 
no milk. As Isat there partaking of my evening meal 
I thought of that chronic kicker and wished himin my 
place. Butsuch is life. ‘‘ Now, stranger, when yer want 
to turn, thar’s yer bed,” and he showed me into a room 
two by four; I went in but had to back out to turn around} 
As I lay at midnight gazing out through the shingles at 
the binking stars I thought of ‘‘home, sweet home,” and 
wished I was there. I took an invoice of the room, and 
this is what it had : One chair, one bedstead, one old army 
musket, and one lone water-melon. There was one 
window, but that was made of boards, and as it was then 
raining, I had to shut it up, and almost smothered. Some 
time inthe night I must had the nightmare, for that water- 
melon was done clean gone, and of course I didn’t do it. 
But as I was awakened early in the morning by Sol’s 
screeching voice singing Annie Rooney, I felt somewhat 
refreshed. The breakfast was somewhat better, as we had 
an addition, and that was cabbage. But it’s all over now. 
I took my departure frou: my aost and was again on my 
way rejoicing. 

I was right amused. I met an old man and he mistook 
me for some one of his friends. ‘‘ Well, I declare, Frank, 
yer ain't got down tersellin’ sheens, has yer?” I told him 
yes, and went on. Some people think it is a terrible thing 
ter sell sheens. 

I stillhad my machine on, and as I was nearing my 
destination I began to be getting anxious, but it was not 
long before I had a prospective customer, and after a little 
talking I had it sold. 

I got to my destination at noon that day, and put up 
for dinner, and here I saw something that I had never 
before set eyes onto. It was a round dining table—in 
fact two tables, one above the other—our plates on the 
under one and what we were to eat on the otherone. It 
was a wheel of charce3, and as it come around you helped 
yourself ter tallar, ‘lasses, corn bread, white meat or sop. 
Well, I was with this, like the Irishman was with the 
candle snuffers—it was a nate invention, indade. It saved. 
a waiter and reaching your arms after things. 

Isaw my man, got him on a contract and put him to 
work, and the next morning I was up at 3 a.m., and on my 
way home. But as the day was terribly hot, I was not 
able to reach home before night, and I took dinner out. 
I stopped at the place and did not have any trouble in 
getting dinner, and it was a very good one, considering 
a chicken lost its life by my stopping. But Bill, he runthe 
chicken into the kitchen, and it wa’nt no time before it was 
on the table ready for eating. Now, you may think this 
is a rather tame letter, and that you don’t see any hard- 
ships init. There ain’t much, but they are coming, 


Tar HEEL 2p, 








Truth says:—I have received in my time some queer epistles, but 
few more funny than the enclosed, lately addressed to a firm at Liver- 
pool by a customer. Not the least ludicrous point in this composition 
is the use ofthe phrase, “ Your respectful servant.” If this is the lan- 
guage of a respectful servant, what is to be expected from a master ?— 


“* B——, 24th February, 1893. Gentlemen. Wherefore have you not 
sent me the sope. His it bekawse you think my money is not so gooa 
as nobody elses. D—— your —— Co wherefore have you not sent the 


sope. Please send sope at cnce and oblige your respectful servant 
Richard jones. P.S. Since writing the above my wife has found the 
sope under the counter.” 





LOOK! Agents wanted to introduce 
reliable cycles at popular prices on the easy- 
payment system. _ Dunlop Pneumatic Safeties 
from £10 10s. Handsome commission paid 
~ immediatelygthe order is accepted. No further 
_ trouble; no risk.—Address, Manager, Ivanhoe 
Cary, Bath. 








TPRAVELLER WANTED to appoint Purchasing 
Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful invention in 
Knitting Machines before the Tiade. Only serious men holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 
Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 3 








T. GEORGH’S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 
Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1894 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade, 
All repairs, nickel-plating, end stove - enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 
was the novelty of the National Show. 


THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 

which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 





YCLES.—Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 

pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 

your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 

wanted everywhere.—78 t» 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. 





TT RAVELLER WANTED for the United Kingdom, to 


represent a wholesale firm of Sewing Machine and Cycle Manu- 
facturers —Address, stating salary, reference, and experience, S., c/o 
Sewing Machine Gazette Office. : 





WANTED, a thoroughly experienced Sewing Machine 
MECHANIC, to take charge of repairing shop. Must have 
experience of Singers’ Sewing Machines, with all kinds of power. 
Permanent situation to a good man.—“ Mechanic,” Sewing Machine 
Gazette Office. 








SEPT. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. &7 
a eee 
IMPORTANT NOTICE! 


THE “ROYAL GEORGE” CYCLES 


BEAR THIS TRADE MARK. 


CYCLES, SADDLES, 
FRAMES, BAGS, 
WHEELS, LAMPS, 
TYRES, BELLS, 
CEMENTS. 


WRENCHES. 


Zj@—~~ 











ROUGH AND FINISHED PARTS. 
REPAIRS 


FOR THE TRADE. 


STOVE ENAMELLING 


IN OUR FACTORIES 
FOR THE TRADE. . 








Telegraphic Address: Telegraphic Address : 


“DIALLAGE, LONDON.” se', 05, ‘“DIALLAGE, LONDON.” 


SEND TRADE CARD FOR LIST TO 


THE ST. GEORGE’S CYCLE Co., 
297 & 2geeUPPER STREET, LONDON, N: 


JOHN GOUGH & CO., 


WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS, 
20, GROSS STREET, SWAN STREET, MANCHESTER. 


BASSINETTES, BASSINETTES, 


In Endless Variety. 


PATENT RUN-STRAIGHT BASSINETTES, 
GOOD SALEABLE DESIGNS AT VERY LOW PRICES. 





Travelling Trunks from Ills. per Nest of Four. 


PNEUMATIC TYRE CYCLES 4S. 


OUR EO EVERY . DE SGP CON: 


CARPETS, OILCLOTHS, LINOLEUMS, UPHOLSTERERS’ TRIMMINGS. 
CLEVELAND AMERICAN ORGANS. 
MEISSLER & ALBERT BROWNE PIANOFORTES. 


FULL LISTS ON APPLICATION. 








28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


SEPT. 1, 1894. 























The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 

13.296. H. Trctman, for improvements in goffering or creasing 
machines. 

13,449. W. Andrew, for improvements in and relating to peram- 
bulators. 

13,525. W. Ross, for improvements in sewing machine attachments 
for button-hole working. 

13,668. W.E. San Garde, for sewing and other machinery to be 
used in compressing and sewirg layers of jute and other braids for 
sandals, xc. Y 

13.694. N. A. Newton, a communication from the Keats Maschinen 
Gesellschaft of Germany, for improvements in sewing machines. 

13,9€2 W. Legge, for improvements in children’s mail-carts and 
perambulators. 

14,206. J. C. W. Stanley and W. W. Hughes, for improvements in 
covers for type writers, sewing machines, and the like. 

14,225. W. Webster, for improvements in overhead 
machines. - 


sewing 


14,230. J. White, for improvement in feed mechanisms of sewing | 


machines. 

14,231. J. White, for improvement in spool holders for sewing 
machines. 

14,250. H. F. Nason, for improvements in wax thread se wing 
machines. ; 

14,348. A. Anderson, a communication from the Singer Manufactur- 
ing Co., of United States, for improvement in sewing machines. 

14,438. A. Anderson. a communication from the Singer Manvfactur- 
ing Co., of United States, for improvements in sewing machine 
shuttles. 

14,439. A. Anderson, acommunication from the Singer Manufactur- 
ing Co., of United States, for improvements in sewing machines. 

14,480. J. White, for improvements in transmitters for sewing 
machines and the like. 

14,517. H.J. Humphry, for certain improvements in children’s mail- 
carts or carriages. 

14,526. J. Nasch and W. Nasch, for improvements in sewing 
machines. 

14,725. W. J. James and §, Clarke, for improvements in circular knit- 
ting machines. 

15,278. H. Manning, for improved pocket lock-stitch sewing 
machine. 

15,329. C. Ellsworth, for improved devices for locking or preventing 
perambulators, mail-carts, and the like running away. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
Price 8d., postage 1d. each extra. 


16,502. Mail-carts and Bassinettes. J. S. Hodgson, of Old Traf- 
ford, Manchester. Dated September 2nd, 1893. 

The body of a child's mail-cart is provided with a detachable seat 
capable of being detached and reversed, or inverted and fixed in either 
position or entirely removed so as to form five distinct vehicles. 

16,753. Children’s Mail caris. WW. Mason, of Birmingham. Dated 
September 6th, 1892. 

Consists of improved means for locking the shafts in their extended 
position ready for use, and for allowing the shafts to be folded back 
when required, so as to occupy but little space. 

19,616. Perambulators. W.H. Dunkley, of Birmingham. Dated 
October 18th, 1893. 

Mail-carts are so constructed that they may be readily converted 
from a double-seated vehicle to a single-seated vehicle, and the same 
vehicle may also be arranged, by altering the position of certain of its 
parts, to form an extended flat surface upon which a child may be laid 
down. 5 
19,629. Sewing Machine. G. Sawyer, a communication from the 
White Sewing Machine Company, of Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A. Dated 
October 18th, 1893. 

Relates to improved means or appliances for regulating and 
determining the tension of the thread from the head of a sewing 
machine, the tension being removable by the pressure foot left lever. in 
order that the thread may be readily drawn from the reel when a piece 
of work is completed, the tension not being otherwise affected, such 
as when the presser rises while seams or extra thickness of fabric are 
passing under it. 

6,483. Sewing Machines. C. T. Neumann, of Dresdenerstrasse, 
Grossenhaw, Germany. Dated March 31st, 1894. 

The slot in the needle-groove, which has hitherto usually been made 
to coincide with the centre of the needle, is now placed on one side of 
it, the surface towards the needle being rounded off. 


10,937. Sewing Machines. H.J. Haddan, a communication from 
G. W. Baker, of Cleveland, Ohic, U.S A. Dated June 5th, 1894. 

Is a tension device for sewing machines, the combination with a 
section of the arm of the machine, and an inner tension disc or plate 
secured against the outer side of the lower portion of the casing, of a 
yielding lever located with the casing, and pivoted thereto at a point 
between its ends, another tension disc or plate adapted to co-operate 
with the inner disc, the outer disc being connected to the lower end of 
the pivoted lever bya pin passing through the inner disc, a cam 
located within the casing and engaging the upper end of the pivoted 
lever, a dial fixed to the outer face of the casing, anda finger piece 
connected to the cam for actuating it. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IssUED AND DATED JULY 3RD, 1894. 
522,210. H. A. Houseman, Philadelphia, Pa., circular knitting 
machine. 
522,289. W. M. Cuthbert, Brooklyn, N.Y., sewing machine table. 
IssUED AND DATED JULY torn, 1894. 
522,828. E. Cornely & R. Cornely, Paris, France, sewing machine. 
522,928. F. R. Austin, Lynn, Mass, sewing machine for stitching 
and barring button-hcles. 
IssuED AND DATED JULY 17TH, 1894. 
523,111. J. L Eck, Reading, Pa., circular knitting machine. 
IssUED AND DATED JULY 241TH, 1804. 
523,332, P Deh), Elizabeth, N-J., cscillating hi ok for sewing 
machines. 
523,333: P. Diehl, Elizabeth, N.J., oscillating hook for sewing 
machine. 
523,334. P. Diehl, Elizabeth, N.J., loop taker for sewing mach’nes. 
523,301. F. Lichifeldt, Milwaukee, Wis. sewing machine. 
523,522. J. Haas, Eibenstock, and R. Lintz, Berlin, Germany, sewing 
machine. 
523,589. H. F. Nason, Natick, sewing michine. 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
— favour of your inquiry for any description of 

. : \) Tron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Rassi- 

Saal = nettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
S and best workmanship at low prices for 
“= cash. 








THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 


Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at ; : 
WHOLESALE PRICES. PRAY 


S= Organette for SS = Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 


Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 







3 Stops, 








Vox-humana, ae : 
Expression, Patent. 
and Flute. A 

Two Mere 
Complete Child 
Sets of can Play it. 
Reeds. 





Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., etc. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 





For PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CARJ FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, 


WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 





BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD.,, 
who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc. in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. 


Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Yan Wheels, 


a large quantity always in stock. 


TIMEPIECES 16/6 PER DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE. 


—- 


a 


Oct. 1, 1894, 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS « 
WAIL CARTS 














ani Sewing Mach ne Gazette, It 





Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 








of every 
oars London Agent — 
description 
Mr. GEO, PEARCE 
and 
quality, 39, Holborn 
te Viadeet, 
suit 
al, E.C. 
all 
Trades. é ae 
= natal i 2A Heady aS —_ 
** ie Al AIS PERE 






ce THE HALESOWEN TERAMBITLAT 
The NEW ‘IDEAL’ KNITTER. 


INCREDIBLY = * | 
SIMPLE, 


OR 











SPEEDY, AND 
PERFECT, 


Patent Automatic 
Cams and 
Latch Openers. 





Hand and Power Knitting Machines. 


CO, Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAN, 
THE NEW PATENT “J” MACHINE, 





For Scotch Knickerbocker Hose, in Checks, etc. 


Various other New Features in 





Testimonials from leading Houses—Home and Export. 





(. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica St., Glasgow. 


Leicester Showrooms: 84a, HIGH CROSS ST. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 
RATE.—id. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


NEEDLES, Sewing Machine. Very highest quality. 
Very lowest price. Samples and price with pleasure.—W. 
Heath, junr., Web Heath Works, Redditch. 


HUNTS AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 
LAMPS.—The ‘‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 
Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 











Norwich. 
BELTS ! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 


lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Harvie ’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 


NEEDLES.—Family and medium, 2s. per gross ; large 
quantities very cheap; Howe J, 3s. 6d. per gross. Every 
needle warranted perfect.—S. Cox & Co., Alcester. 


A THOROUGH PRACTICAL Sewing and Button- 


hole Machine Mechanic requires a Situation. Grand experience. 
— Address, ‘‘ Power Fitting,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 


£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ “Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 
ditch, London, or Birmingham. 


THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 

which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 


YCLES.—Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 
pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 
your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 

















wanted everywhere,—78 to 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. 


SEWING MACHINES,—Agents on the look-out for a 

first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. 


AN ENERGETIC MANAGER desires change of 
Situation in Domestic Machinery, Prams, &c. Practical and 
well up in the Hire Trade. 10 years’ experience, 34 years’ in present 
position as manager. Would not object to travel the Midlands and 
South.—Address, “ S. H.,” care of Sewing Machine Gazette Office 


BUSINESS FOR SALE.—Bassinettes, Mail Carts, 

Sewing Machines, and Musical Instruments. For immediate 
disposal, through illness of owner. Well situated, main thoroughfare, 
North London. Stock hire accounts, workshops, and Sittings, and 
fixtures to be sold. A genuine bargain—Address, “X,” Sewing 
Machine Gazette Office. 


VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 

represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical- 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 
London, E.C. 


TT RAVELLER WANTED to appoint - Purchasing 


Agents for the Ideal Knitter, the most wonderful invention in 
Knitting Machines before the Trade. Only serious men holding 
other first-rate representations need apply.—Address, G. Stibbe, 25, 


Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 
Machine, Is. 6d. per gallon; Cycle Burning, Is. 9d. 


per gallon; Cycle Lubricating, 1s. 61. per gallon, 


&c. Correspondence solicited—Isaac Spencer & Co, (late Lady 
Bridge Oil Works), High Street, Hull. 


(See page 26 for other advertisements.) 














Our cash prices for finest Sewing Machine Oils are : 
—2 02., 148.; 3 0Z., 16s. ; 4 0z., 18s. per gross, in 
panelled bottles. Oil guaranteed the best ; oils 
matched. Every kind of oil loose—Sewing 











12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 






fHE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription,—3s 6d. per annum, or 1s. per quarter, post free, which includes 
@ free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Sybscription.— as. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 5 





Advertisements.—Tariff on Application. 
notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 

Contributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
Supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
Stamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertisements.—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our'columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information 


In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
" Editor,” at the address given below. 


Hire Agreements and Payment Cards—We supply these to most hire traders, 
Particulars on application. 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 

Non-subscribeys.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would @// our readers do likewise? : 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


All changes in Advertisements to be 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 














aT 
oll eye 








Since the recent Trades Union Congress 
carried by a large majority the proposal 
that all the means of production, dis- 
tribution, and exchange should be owned 
‘in common,” we appear to be face to face with serious 
industrial troubles which will put quite in the shade all 
previous disputes. W’e do not wish to rank as alarmists 
nor to overrate the importance of the resolution:of the 
Congress, but it is well to recognise that as the franchise 
now stands most of those present have votes, and if they 
only succeed in organising their fellow-workers to support 
their views they can assuredly completely swamp oppo- 
sition from the rest of the community. The strength of 
the position cf these “Socialists ’’ or ‘‘ Collectivists ”” is 

not only due to:numbers, but also to an idea that the 
question so far as they are concerned is ‘‘ heads we win, 

tails we can’t lose.” Not to gotoo deeply into this ques- 
tion, it is undoubted that the constant displacement of 
manual labour by machinery and the continuance of bad 
trade have brought about an amount of suffering which 
it is the duty of every statesman to try andremove. There 
has grown up of late a widespread feeling that the worker 
does not at the present time get his fair share of the 
results of his efforts. We believe that this is inthe main 
a mistaken notion, but it exists and must be counted 
with. Strange to say, the trade unions appear to be bitterly 
antagonistic to any and every system of profit-sharing, or 
the extension of such a system would soon eradicate the 
idea that an employer is able to fix his scale of wages for 
labour independent of its real market value. The method 
adopted by the canvassing trade of paying a small salary 
and a commission on business done practically amounts 
to profit-sharing, but the whole subject isso interesting 
that we give elsewhere an articie thereon. 


Profit 
Sharing. 


So many of ourreaders deal in jewellery, 
Plate Licenses. that we have always reported any 

important incidents in connection with 
Plate licenses. At the meeting of the Associated 
Chambers of Commerce last month, Mr. Skarratt (Worces- 
ter) moved, Alderman Brittain seconded, and it was 
carried :— 

“ That, inthe opinion of this meeting, the time has arrived for the 
abolition of the licence at present required from retail dealers for selling 
gold and silver plate, the licence being an obstacle to the distributing 
power of the metal, especially of silver as a manufactured article, and 
thus helping the depression which exists in silver for want of a larger 
consumption of it, besides curtailing British labour in the manufacture 
of a great variety of silver articles that enterprise would invent for its 
use and adoption if free trade were established in its distribution.” 

It is interesting to note that the regular dealers are 
forming a Jewellers’ Association, whose object is the 
retention of the existing plate licence. They fear, we 
presume, that the canvassing trade will profit the most 
from the abolition of the licence, 











THE ART AND FEATS OF MACHINE 
WORK. 
By Lewis Lyons, in the Zazlor and Cutter. 


The descriptive account of what can be accomplished 
by the sewing machine, published in the Zailor and 
Cutter, by the editor, after his recent visit to Chicago, 
ought surely to arouse the spirit of enterprise among 
tailors at home. We have certainly been at fault and 
neglected our own interests in not recognising long 
before now the sewing machine as a scientific branch of 
the tailoring trade. It has, no doubt, been recognised as 
a very great aid in the product of garments. But as an 
instrument of art and science combined, we have so far 
failed to understand it, or apply it, to anything like the 
full extent of which it is capable. We must congratulate 
the editor for having so successfully directed attention to 
this subject. Now the sewing machine has been dis- 
covered, let us examine it and see what can be made of it 
for universal adoption. If I may here make a Bible quota- 
tion, I would say: “Take fast hold of instruction, let 
her not go ; keep her, for she is thy life,”’ 

While the introduction of machinery into the various 
industries has largely superseded hand labour, it 
has reduced its mechanical operations to a mere 
system. Everything done by the machine is in a 
uniform style, and that which is uniform is well. In 
this the tailoring trade is no exception, as, for a period of 
thirty years, the sewing machine has been a recognised 
aid in tailoring. Slowly, indeed, did it find its way 
into many good-class trades ; it is now an indispensable 
adjunct in all classes of trades. It began with plain 
sewing, and few dreamed of its ever getting beyond 
that. No one anticipated the sewing in of sleeves, - 
or the working of buttonholes by the machine. Quite an 
evolution has taken place, both in the construction of the 
sewing machine and in what it can accomplish. It was - 
this which first led to the introduction of the sub-division 
of labour, which is but in its infancy in tailoring ; and 
which will, doubtless, in time be introduced into high- 
class bespoke trades. More and better work could doubt- 
less be produced under this system. In the pushing be- 
spoke and ready-made trades, there are no less than nine 
sub-divisions, which is the keynote to the cheap trade, 
which at the present time is appalling the better-class 
trades. We might well read the old “saw” thus:- 
“Competition is the mother of invention.” It was ‘ ne- 
cessity,’ however, which led to the sub-division of labour 
in connection with the sewing machine. The monotony 
of doing one particular thing all day long led to a neces- 
sity for variation, so the machinist took up one piece of 
work after another which had previously been done by 
hand, which he found a success—not perfect at first, but 
experience has made well nigh perfect. So that there are 
few parts indeed of a garment to which the sewing 
machine may not be applied. This may not, indeed does 
not, apply at present to most bespoke trades, as they con- 
sider that for some seams of a coat to be turned out in 
good style hand-sewing is still a necessity. Therecan be 
little doubt, I think, that before very long, even in high- 
class trades, this necessity for hand-sewing will have 
ceased. 

Here, ther, has grown up amongst us an art, which even 
those engaged in it have hitherto failed to recognise in its 
beauty and magnificence, Many, it may be, will be unable 
to agree with me that machine work is an art, because 
hitherto it has been chiefly employed upon the cheaper 
class of goods. But those who entertain this idea may be 
assured that it isquitea mistake, as the sewing machine 
is very largely applied to the better class of goods, with 
very excellent results, the only difference being that high- 
class work on the better class of goods requires more care 
and attention. So far from the sewing machine having 
deteriorated the art of tailoring, it is justthereverse. It 
has materially reduced the cost of garments. The quality 
has not of necessity been deteriorated, and the more this 
new art of sewing is developed, and artistically applied, not 
only will garments become cheaper, but more excellent in 








Oct. 1, 1894, 


finish and artistic in appearance, Charles Kingsley, in his 
famous work, pronounced the clothes got up in his day 
under questionable conditions as “ cheap and nasty,” a 
phrase which took large hold upon the public. ‘The con- 
ditions of to-day have been materially altered, and with 
our new Factory and Workshops’ Acts will be still more 
improved, It does not follow now that because a gar- 
ment is “cheap” it is ‘‘ nasty.” The material of cheap 
garments may be inferior in quality ; but the machine work 
put into such a garment does not render the garment 
nasty, even though it is sold cheap, It must be admitted 
that not all the machine work put into such garments is 
artistic ; but this is not the fault of the sewing machine, 
or any reason why its work should be under valued. 
Defective machine work is due only to incompetent 
machinists—those who have not acquired the art of turn- 
ing out artistic work. 

Let me illustrate by one or two cases of what I see daily. 
Give to any competent machinist a welt to put into the 
outside breast of acoat, stitched, bound or corded edge, 
and, without any basting whatever, you will have re- 
turned in less than seven minutes a complete and very 
nicely finished pocket—so smooth and perfect as to look 
as if it had been painted upon the forepart. It may, 
without fear, pass into the hand of an expert tailor for 
criticism, This is surely both a piece and a feat of art, 
the fullsignificance of which has not yet been realised, 
either by employers or workmen. 

One more illustration. Give to a skilful machinist— 
male or female—a morning or frock coat back, and back 
skirt lining, and it will be returned within ten minutes, 
completely finished, without any basting, whether the back 
have stitched, bound, or corded edge. As the hook of the 
back is included, the genius is found in its regularity and 
good shape. In subsequent articles I will give many more 
illustrations, these will suffice at present. I will show as 
I proceed iow the work is performed, which may astonish 
many of your readers as to the possibilities of machine 
work. Very great advances have been made during 
recent years in scientific cutting by means of Cutting 
Academies and the trade press, 
sewing machine is accepted as a science, no difficulty will 
be found in its full development, and the prope- training 
of machinists to turn out good, artistic, and beautiful 
work. Thesewing machine with its various adaptations 
must be thoroughly understood,las it relates, for example, 
to different thicknesses of material. Why should not 
classes be formed for such instructions, or lessons given, 
the same as lessons are given in cutting ? And why should 
not the art ofmachining find its place in our trade litera- 
ture the same as cutting does’? Are we not asa trade to 
blame for such neglect hitherto ? 

A notion preyails that the sewing machine is more fit 
for women than men, After twenty years as a machinist 
I must dissent from that notion. 

(To be continued.) 


BLOWS BELOW THE BELT. 

Competition is desirable, in fact essential, to a vigorous, 
healthy trade. The day of successful “ still hunts” for 
customers has gone. The canvasser, in retail, or the 
traveller, in wholesale lines, must be prepared to work in 
the light and to win in competition. The people who 
were waiting to seize the first sewing machine that should 
be offered to them have been supplied. 

It is also too late a day to imagine that competition is 
baby play or a polite exchange of courtesies. Competi- 
tion is war; it isa test of merit, of skill, knowledge, 
ingenuity, industry, and alertness. But competition is 
honourable, though it be war, if the warfare is conducted 
on the principles which are approved by the mercantile 
community. It is unfair, dishonourable, and criminal, 
when it departs from the legitimate standards of com- 
mercial integrity. 

Wearesorry tosee occasional evidence of blows that are 
clearly belowthe linethat marks honourable rivalry intrade. 

We are quite aware that a salesman cannot show the 
superiority of his machine without contrasting it with 
others. And the same with the advantages that his com- 
pany may be prepared to offer. We expect him to point 
out the cams, and levers, and springs that are weak, when 
he has stronger ones to offer. If this is done fairly and 
honestly no one is likely to complain, though they may 

' be worsted. 











Once the art of the! 


this a fair scheme to work on ? 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 13 


What we want to condemn now is the practice reflect- 
ing on the rival’s responsibility ; of making, statements 
or throwing out insinuations of financial embarassments. 
This practice is probably not very common, still it comes 
to our notice, and we want to protest against it. It is 
not fair, it is not just. It is unjust because the statements 
are based on a superficial knowledge of the facts. Any 
conclusions that may be drawn by others regarding an 
embarassed business must be very uncertain, and to use 
them to the disadvantage of a competitor is a great wrong. 
The impressions created by the statement that’ a com- 
petitor has failed or is going out of business may be: cor 
rect, they may be erroneous. Whether correct or not the 
injury is done. This, we say, is unjust. 

And even were the facts known, and a company was 
beyond doubt in financial straits, will any honourable, 
high-minded salesman dare to say that he will use such 
facts to influence trade? No! the men who do such 
work do it thoughtlessly or else very quietly. Nomanly 
man will own up to such meanness. 

The lesson of the hour is economy, and it, is a poor 
business management that does not learn that lesson and 
profit by it. c 
in the sewing machine trade alone. To a thoughtless mind 
such changes may appear to be evidence of weakness ; the 
wise man knows better. Caution is a sign of strength 
rather than weakness; it will pull one through dull times 
when a reckless course would lead to: disaster. 

Tt is thought the volume of manufactures, the country 
over, is about one-half, or less, of what it was two years 
ago. The sewing machine trade is well on the safe side of 
that average, and that it is so is due to the conservative 
course that has been misinterpreted or misrepresented by 
the parties whom we are criticising. 

Whether other companies are prosperous ought not to 
concern a salesman as much as the responsibility of his 
own customers. But, if he thinks it necessary to assail 
the credit of his competitors, let him confine himself to 
known facts. Rumours are quite apt to be lies, and even 


“jmpolitic to lie— Sewing Machine Times of New York. 
4 ° 








——————— 


COMPENSATING TRAVELLERS. 


WI Have \thoiight “some about the compensation of 
travellers;-and-cannot see that there is anything in that 
question but the element of human nature. To my 
blind eye it looks like the general problem of commission 
wages. The traveller is hired just as an indoor man is— 
to do certain work. If he hasa fixed salary, as an honest 
man he faithfully performs what custom determines to be 
a fair amount of work. He will have a pride in seeing 
this work bring results. eee 

Now, give this man acommission instead, and what are 
the influences that prompt him? Why, all that existed 
in the first place and an additional one—that of greater 
profit to himself. He will work harder to increase his 
gain. To increase /zs gain. He treats his employer 
honestly as before, or he is not an honest man, but he 
makes noextra effort for the employer. The extra work 
is for his own benefit alone. If the commission is based 
on sales he will make all the sales he can, and if allowed 
discretion in fixing prices he will naturally sell some at 
the lowest limit of price. Then there is a strong proba- 
bility of all his sales getting down to the limit, as they 
can be more easily made there than at higher prices. He 
is working for himself, with no intention of wronging his 
employer, but, nevertheless, for himself. | 

Now change again, and base the commission on net 
profits. All the influences that operated before continue, 
except the inducement to cut prices. He is just as 
anxious to makea sale, but he has an additional incentive 
to make it a good rather thana poor sale. 
It is the fairest 


party ? Does it not tend to benefit both ? 


condition on which wages can be based in a strictly business ! 


view. Competition may drive employers to give greater 
inducements for trade, and a generous | spirit may 
deal less strictly with the salesman, but for absolute 
fair play and justice there is no other way of determining 
wages. é 

In the case mentioned by Mr. Brown, to which reference 


Retrenchment is going on eyerywhere—not ~ 


theman_who would give a secret blow below the belt finds | 


Now, isn’t | 
Does it impose on either 


has been made in your journal, I can see only the dollars | 


and cents view. The salesman’s interests were served by 






































14 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Ocr. 1, 1894. 





getting better prices, and so he got them. He did not get 
them because he was in any way recognised as a factor ot 
the business. He worked that way because that brought 
the best pay. 

R. has a good idea—a sound one, based on human 
nature, but he is mistaken in identifying it with the 
kernel of this subject. Men are not machines, and any 
attempt to make them such lessens their value as sales- 
men, The traveller, of all employes in this business, needs 
be a man ofthat stamp which needs be treated as a man. 
You are on a good trail, Friend R., only remember that 
the traveller isa“ hired man.”” Treat him as such—but 
as a manly man—if you want good work fromhim. This 
is my advice to employers.—Aup—Rr, in the Wew York 
Sewing Machine Times. 





A NEW LINE FOR MACAINE DEALERS. 


The Britannia Company, of Colchester, well-known to 
our readers at one time as sewing machine manufacturers, 
but the last eight or ten years as lathe and tool makers, 
have a speciality which they think our readers might 
sell with advantage. This novelty is the Britannia 
Domestic Oil Engine, which with a consumption of only 
one pint of oil per hour yields $-horse power, and the 
engine complete weighs 200 lbs., and costs but £30. The 
cheapest kind of paraffin or kerosine oil can be used, and 
the engine will run at full power within ten minutes. 

The Britannia Domestic Oil Engine is suitable for 
driving almost any light machinery, and answers capitally 
for dynamos. The makers are prepared to offer handsome 
terms to agents. 











DEATH OF MR. W. R. FISHER. 


We regret to have to announce the death of William 
Richard Fisher, a well-known “ Singer ’’ man, although 
lately in business on his own account. The painful cir- 
cumstances of his death are briefly as follows :—For some 
years past he has been suffering from a cardiac affection 
which rendered him susceptible to apoplexy under any 
abnormal excitement. On July 25th he was persuaded 
under advice to go for a pleasure trip in the North Sea, 
and being then in fairly good health no fears were enter- 
tained as to any possible ill effects from the voyage. A 
somewhat rough sea onthe 27th July was encountered, 
and an attack of sea sickness ensued. The weak heart 
already referred to succumbed to the violence of the 
attack, and Mr. Fisher died before a return to shore was 
possible. 

The deceased was forty-three years of age, born at the 
coastguard station, Portland, in 1851. His parents 
shortly afterwards removed to Grimsby, from which town, 
in 1865, he started for Manchester, and obtained an 
engagement with Messrs. Rylands, where he cemented 
many lifelong friendships. In 1874 he opened a small 
sewing machine shop in Salford, selling principally 
Singer’? machines. The Singer Company, after noting 
his successes as an independent agent, approached him in 
the following year with a view to securing his services as 
their direct representative, with the result that the Sal- 
ford shop became the Singer Company’s property, and 
Mr. Fisher joined the company ata small salary and com- 
mission. ; After six years of highly successful work an 
important vacancy was offered him, and the Singer Com- 
pany showed their appreciation of his services by appoint- 
ing him in 1881 as district manager for the West of 
England, and head of a large staff at Bristol. Here 
followed eight years of singularly active work. In 1887 
it was Mr, Fisher’s boast that: he had hire accounts in one 
out of every twenty dwelling-houses in Bristol, and one 
in every thirty-nine houses in the entire West of England 
district. Besides abundant evidences of the esteem in 
which he was held by the Singer Company, it is interest- 


ing to know that he received many tokens by 
public presentation and private friendship of the 
regard in which he was held by his entire staff. In 1889 


one of the most important agencies of the Singer Com- 
pany fell vacant, and it was agreed on all hands that Mr. 
W.R. Fisher was the best man who could possibly be 
selected forthe post of manager for the North of Eng- 
land. At Newcastle-on-Tyne, as at Salford and Bristol, 
he improved the receipts of the company by leaps and 
bounds. Unfortunately the great coai strike, as well as 
several other local labour disputes, made themselves felt 
in the sewing machine asin all other branches of trade in 


the North, and it was found impossible in the last one or 
two years for the same rate of progress which hitherto 
characterised Mr. Fisher’s work, and he resigned his 
appointment about two years ago. 

Quite recently he opened a business of his own in 
Grimsby, where ina few years time he would doubtless 
have had in his own hands the nucleus of a big sewing 
machine and cycle business rivalling in extent some of 
the important concerns of mote venerable history. 

In private life Mr. Fisher had the reputation of a par- 
ticularly loveable disposition. He was attached to 
music, and was an Omnivorous reader. In recent years 
considerable domestic misfortune had overtaken him, 
which saddened and aged him, but never embittered his 
views. 





THE PROTECTION OF TRADE MARKS IN 
GERMANY. 


TO THE EDITOR OF ‘‘ THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.” 


Sir,—A new law for the Registration and Protection 
of Trade Marks has been promulgated in Germany, and 
comes into force on the rst October next. This law in its 
main provisions as to what constitutes a trade mark and 
is registerable as such conforms very nearly to the trade 
mark section of the English Patent Law of 1883. It also 
embodies provisions analagous to some inthe Merchandise 
Marks Act of 1887, which traders who send goods into 
Germany would do well to make themselves acquainted 
with: Any person who knowingly or through gross 
carelessness applies the name or firm of another party, or 
a registered trade mark, is liable for damages, and 
further to a heavy fine or to six months’ imprisonment. 
Any one who wrengfully applies a State Coat of Arms, 
or Coat of Arms of a district, or of a municipal or 
corporate body, for the purpose of creating confusion 
regarding the nature or value of the goods, or 
any person who offers for sale goods bearing such marks, 
will be punishable by fine or imprisonment. Foreign pro- 
ducts which wrongfully bear the name and locality of a 
German firm, or a registered trade mark, on entering 
Germany as imports, or for transit, are liable to seizure 
by the Custom House authorities and confiscation. 
When an illegal mark on the goods cannot be removed 
the goods may be destroyed. Where German goods 
must bear a certain mark or signification on being 
imported into a foreign country, to indicate that they 
are of German origin, or if such goods are not so favour- 
ably treated at the Custom House in respect of the trade 
marks as the goods of. other countrie’, the Federal 
Council is empowered to subject goods imported into 
Germany from such, foreign countries to the same 
restrictions, and in case of violation thereof to seize and 
confiscate the goods. All trade marks at present regis- 
tered in Germany must be re-registered under the new 
law within the next four years, 7.e., before the ist 
October, 1898; there is no necessity, however, for any 
immediate action on the part of the proprietors of such 
marks, but at the same time no advantage is gained by 
postponing it. : 

Yours truly, 
W.P. THomeson & Co., Patent Agents, 

6, Bank Street, Manchester. ; 








MR. SPENCER'S SIX-WHEEL PRAM. 


The lady correspondent of the Cardiff Hvening Hxpress writes as 
follows :-—A visit to Mr. A. W. Spencer’s new premises in St. John’s 
Square, Cardiff, was pail by me this week. I had been asked by a 
friend in the country to ‘interview ” the nicest and newest peram- 
bulator for a newly-arrived son and heir. I was shown a great many, 
but the one that took my fancy most was one called the “ Simcott,” 
1t appeared to me to be a very nice, well-finished, handsome mail-cart, 
but, hey presto! a spring was touched and the footboard flew up and 
turned it into a double perambulator! and then, like our friend, 
“ O’Hooligan,” at the theatre this week, it seemed to say, “ They 
won’t know me now,” for a little panel slid out, and a cushion rose up 
and made it into a comfortable bed for an infant; and then Mr. 
Spencer showed me how the shafts, by turning a handle, turned back, 
and in some came off, thus taking up very little room ina hall. ‘A 
perfect perambulator,” he said, “ for any nursery, as long as there are 
not more than two babies at a time!” The prices seemed to me very 
moderate, from £2 10s. to £3 15s... or about. Then, as I was 
there, I looked at some sewing machines. The “Gloria” was one I 
had not seen before; beautifully got up, very noiseless, and with 
several new cunning little patents which facilitate and help the sewer. 
One very curious machine caught my eye. ‘* What is that machine?” 
T asked, and was told 1t was for stitching boots. The boot was lite- 
rally put on a long foot, and instead of the boot having to be twisted 





Phen 
i aaa 


Oct. 1, 1894. 





and turned round and round, the needle arrangement dodged and 
twisted about into every necessary position, while the boot sat calmly 
looking on. There was a piece of leather half an inch thick in it, 
through which I sent the needle with as liitle exertion as if it had been 
linen. To revert to perambulators again, I saw some with six wheels. 
The small wheels are at a short distance from the ground when the 
perambulator is in a horizontal position: the carriage is thus capable of 
being wheeled on the centre or main pair of wheels, and, as the centre 
of gravity is above or near the central axle, but little exertion 1s neces- 
sary to keep it on this one pair of wheels, thus the steering is most 
readily effecte1. The perambulator, when in use, will run upon the 
central pair of wheels in combination with either the front or hind 
pair of auxiliary wheels, according to the position of the child or 
children, to which position the carriage will automatically adapt the 
running wheels, or the nurse may wheel it on the centre pair of wheels 
alone, and thus save labour. It will be seen that we gain‘all the 
advantages without the disadvantages of the four-wheeled peram- 
bulator. The children are equally as comfortable, and have as much 
room as in the previous style of carriages, and for the nurse it is a 
revolution in her favour, being so easily propelled and steered. Mr, 
Spencer’s premises are very roomy and well fitted up, and I made 
quite an interesting visit. 





THE SAINT SEWING MACHINE. 


Our readers will be interested in knowing that the 
model of the sewing machine patented by Thomas Saint 
in 1790, and constructed by Mr. Newton Wilson, is 
now safely placed among the valuable collection of 
historic sewing machines at South Kensington, as 


explained below :— 
[Cory.] 
Science and Art Department, 
South Kensington, 
Ist September, 1894 
MapAmM,—I have the honour to convey to you the thanks of the 
Lords of the Committee of Council on Education for the trouble 
which you have been so good as to take in connection with the 
delivery to this Department of the interesting reproduction of the 
“Saint ’? Sewing Machine of 1790, constructed by your brother the 
late Mr. Newton Wilson, and bequeathed by him to the South 
Kensington Museum. 
I have the honour to be, Madam, 
Your obedient servant, 
Miss Wilson, A. J. R. TRENDELL. 
27, Hilldrop Road, Camden Road, N. 








MACCHINE DA CUCIRE. 


Bearing the above title (which is Italian for “ sewing 
machine’’), we have received a copy of a handbook written 
by Signor Alfredo Galassini, professor of mechanics of 
the Technical Institute of Torino, and published by 
Ulrico Hoepli, of Milan. It is excellently printed, con- 
sists of 250 pages, and contains about too illustrations, 
Its cost, too, is moderate, ‘‘lire 2.50’—say two shillings 
in English money. 

This is, we believe, the first book on the sewing machine 
published in Italy, which, by the way, boasts only one 
sewing machine manufacturer, Signor Prinetti, of Milan. 
Not that Italy is far behind other countries as regards 
this class of literature, as we know of no handbook to the 
sewing machinein other countriesthan England, America, 
France, and Germany. Our ownmanual, that by Mr. J. 
W. Urquhart, was issued as far back as 1880, and so many 
changes have occurred since then that “ Sewing Machi- 
nery”’ is now little more than ancient history. 

We do not know anything of the antecedents of Signor 
Galassini, but judging from his little book he has not been 
practically engaged in the sewing machine trade, or if so 
has long since retired from thesame. The natural result 
follows: the manual is very much behind the line of pro- 
gress. The author appears to consider that the Wheeler 
& Wilson Company have not invented any machinesince 
their No, 8 ; and as to Singers, well, he refers to their 
““Oscillator”” but not to the “ V.S.” Then in his chapter 
on two-reel machines he only mentions that of Junker & 
Ruh, although a number of other machines have since 
been patented. 

We obserye that most of the departments in manufac- 
turing in which the sewing machine is used, are referred 
to, including shoe repairing, where Bradbury’s “Elastic ”” 
is described and illustrated ; also sack sewing, in which 
Laing, of Dundee, comes in for commendation. One of 
the most notable features in the book is the abnormal 
number of errors in spelling. We never remember to have 
met with such gross carelessness before. What do our 
readers think of such errors as this journal being called 
the “Sawing Machine Gazette,” not tomention “ Kilbow, 
Heberhing, Wheeler and Whilson, Dunhopp,” &c. 
Numerous statistics of the trade are appended, but they 
are merely guesses and not worth quoting. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 


ws 
RECENT CHANGES IN THE TRADE. 


COMMUNICATIONS FOR THIS COLUMN-SOLICITED FROM ANY 
PERSON IN THE TRADE. 


Aberdeen.—The Northern Cycle Manufacturing Com- 
pany, of 166, King Street (Mr. J. McRae, manager), are 
now selling prams and sewing and washing machines, 

Ballymena.—R. Allen & Son have ceased to stock 
mangles. _ 

Bathgate.—A. Campbell & Co. have ceased to sell 
cycles. 

Gelfast.—Mr. John Stanard, ironmonger, 37, Church 
Lane, has given up the sale of mangles. 

Bournemouth.—Mr. S. Smith, sewing machine dealer, 
has removed from rog, Wyndham Road, to 288, Holden- 
hurst Road. 

Brighton.—Mr. Mace has removed from No. 10 to No. 
21, George Street, Hove, which are larger premises, for 
his display of musical instruments, prams, and sewing 
and washing machines. 

Carrick-on-Shannon.—Mr. James Kelly, Irish House, 
has giyen up the sale of prams, and now confines his 
attention to the drapery trade. 

Castlebar.—Mr. Wynne, fancy dealer, has given up 
the sale of cycles and prams. 

Clones.—Mr. W. Earls, general dealer, has given up 
the sale of sewing machines. - 

Cork.—Richard Perrot & Sons, hardware dealers, 
have given up the sale of cycles and mangles ; Mr. J. F, 
Murphy, of 32, George Street, has ceased to sell cycles ; 
T. Lyons & Co., Limited, the big drapers, now sell cycles 
in addition to prams and wringers. 

Cowbridge—The old-established ironmongery busi- 
ness, formerly known as W. Bird, is now carried on by 
Harold Bird & Co., who sell cycles, prams, and sewing 
and washing machines. 

Dalbeattte—Mr. James Paterson, draper, High Street, 
has given up the sale of sewing machines. 

Dunfermline—W. & J. McLaren & Co, drapers, 
Bridge Street, have given up the sale of sewing and 
washing machines. 

Dundee.—Mr. W. H. Malcolm has gone out of the 
cycle trade ; so, too, has Mr. E. Anderson. 

Dumfries.—Mr. W. T. Henderson has ceased to sell 
sewing machines, and is confining his attention entirely 
to the hosiery trade. Mr. James Wilson, ironmonger, 
146, High Street, has given up the sale of sewing 
machines, but still stocks prams and wringers. 

Edinboro’.—G. Cruttenden & Son have given up the 
sale of invalid furniture and- prams but continue as 
house furnishers; Mr. W. Jackson, sewing machine 
repairer, has left 285, Leith Walk; W. Small & Son, 
outfitters, have ceased to sell prams. 

forfar.—Mr. James M. Arnot, ironmonger and dealer 
in prams and wringers, has removed from the Cross to 
Castle Street. 

Glasgow.—Mr. D. Harrower now carries on the 
knitting machine agency formerly owned by Mr. A. R. 
Farm, but has ceased to sell sewing machines; J. S. 
Spencer & Co., of Paisley Road, have ceased to sell 
cycles. 

Gateshead.—Mr. Richard Spoors, dealer in mangles, 
&c., has left 24, Alfred Street. 

Greenock —Findlay & Co., ironmonger, 27, West 
Burn Street, have ceased to stock sewing machines, but 





| continue to sell wringers. 


Grimsby.—The cycle and domestic machinery store of 
W. R. Fisher & Son is closed, Mr. Fisher being 
deceased. 

Aolyhead.—Gunn_ Bros., drapers and sewing machine 
dealers, Commerce House, have closed their shop. 

Flounslow-—Mr. W. Maslin, dealer in cycles and 
domestic machinery, has left this town. 

Kelso.—Frazer & Wight, cabinet makers, Crawford 
Street, have ceased to stock prams. 

Kilkenny.—Vhos. Power & Sons, ironmongers, &c., 
High Street, now sell cycles, in addition to pianos, 
prams, and wringers. 

Kingston.—Coal & Son, estate agents, have ceased to 
sell prams. and wringers. 

Kinross—The ironmongery and grocery business, 
formerly carried on by Roxburgh & Son, in High Street, 
is now owned by Mr. John Summers, who continues to 
sell wringers. 


Oy ee en ta a ee 

















t 


16 | The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Oct. 1, 1894: 





Kerviemur.—Mr. R. Davie has succeeded to the 
cabinet-making business of the late Mr. McGlashan, and 
continues to sell, pianos and prams. 

Leigh.—Mr. Peter Jackson has closed his cycle and 
domestic machinery business in Bradshawgate. 

Lesmahagotw.—Mr. John Wilson, ironmonger, now sells 
sewing machines in addition to wringers. 

Lisburvn.—J. Donaghy & Sons, shoe manufacturers, do 
not row sell sewing machines. 

Llandrindod Weills.—Mr. Rees Rickards, of 3, Station 
Crescent, is now selling cycles, as well as sewing 
machines. 

Llandudno.—The ironmongery business formerly 
known as Edge & Fisher is now carried on by Mr. Ralph 
Fisher, who has given up the sale of cycles, but continues 
to: sell prams and sewing and washing machines. 

Lockerbige.—Mr. John Sanders now confines his busi- 
ness to general drapery, and does not sell sewing machines 
as formerly. 

- Lurgan.—Mr. John Gilchrist, draper, Market Street, 
has ceased to sell sewing machines. Mr. Charles 
Fleming, cycle dealer, &c.,14, High Street, has taken up 
the sale of prams and sewing machines. 

Mansfield.—Through the decease of Mr. C. Caddy, his 
late business of a dealer in furniture, prams, and mangles 
has been ended. 

Musselburgh.-Mr. J. Hurry, who a. short time 
ago retailed cycles in White Hart Street, Dalkeith, is now 
in business in this town. 

Netth.—Messrs. M. Power & Co., late dealers in 
cycles, domestic machinery, &c., of 216, High Street, 
Swansea, are now to be found at Car Grass House, 
Cadoxton, Neath. 

Newry.—The business of drapers and sewing machine 
dealers, formerly carried on by A. Byrne & Co., in this 
town, has been closed. 

P2xisley.—Messts. Munro & Paul, cycle dealers, have 
removed from High Street to Old Snedden, Paisley. 

Pontypridd.—Mr. M. Keating, domestic machinery 
dealer, 5, Tyricu Street, has closed his premises. 

Prestwich.—Mr. James Boyd, shoemaker and dealer 
in knitting and| sewing machines, has started a cycle 
department. 

Puwliheli.—Mr. J. E. Jones, draper, 76, High Street, 
has given up the sale of sewing machines. 

Ramsey (£. of M.).—Mr. William Storey, cabinet- 
maker and dealerin prams and mangles, has added 
cycles to his''stock. 

Redhill.—A, E. Jones & Co., house furnishers and 
domestic machinery dealers, 3, London Road, have closed 
their shop. 
 Selkirk.—Mr. Wm. Scott, draper, 2, Castle Street, 
has ceased to sell sewing machines. 

Shepherds Bush.—Mr. A. McFarlane, dealer in cycles 
and domestic machinery, has removed from to to 18, 
Askew Road, W. 

' St. Andrews.—Melville Fletcher & Son now confine 
their attention exclusively to musical instruments, having 
given up the sale of sewing machines. 

Stamford Aill.—This morning the Reliance Machine 
Company, of Tottenham, opened a domestic machinery 
depot and pram factory at 114, High Road. 

Swansea.—Mr. J. Bloom, house furnisher and 
dealer in prams and mangles, has closed his premises in 
High Street. 

Tralee.—Mr, R: Cromer, jeweller, Castle Street, has 
given up the sale of cycles. 

Turrif.—\mlach & Walker, house furnishers and 
dealers in prams and sewing and washing machines, 
havé given up the sale of cycles. 

Winchester—Mr. Albert Parfitt, of 74, Parchment 
Street, has taken Mr. H. J. Leate into partnership, and 
as the latter is experienced in the saddlery and harness 
trade the firm will trade in that line as Parfitt & Leake, 
in addition to continuing the original domestic machinery 
business. c 

Wolverhampton.—Mr. Z. G. Rudelsheim, jeweller and 
dealer in furniture, prams, and wringers, late of Coleford, 
Glos, now occupies premises at 99a, Tettenhall Road, 
Wolverhampton. 








A NEGLECTED STUDY. 

You would have to look carefully to find any branch of 
study that is of so great importance to every human being, 
and that is so sadly neglected, as natural philosophy. 

Perhaps in the higher branches sufficient notice is taken 
of it in some cases, but why should it not be a common 
school-study as weil as geography ? Is it not of as great 
importance to know a little about the action, and the 
reasons of action, in nature before our eyes every day of 
our lives, as to know that the world is round, and that 
people have sailed round it? There are thousands of 
simple things taught by natural philosophy that can be 
made good use of by common people, and would be made 
good use of if they were only known. ; 

Just imagine, or suppose, that fishes possessed human 
intelligence, and that for thousands of yearsand up to date, 
they were not aware that they were living in a fluid and 
under pressure ; but this is exactly the case with millions 
of commonly considered intelligent people to-day. They 
do not know that they are living in an atmosphere of air 
in exactly the same way as a fish lives in his atmosphere 
of water, and under pressure as well. 

When such a thing is known, as it should be, there -is 
nothing mysterious in the action of a suction pump, and 
lots of other things, for a reasoning mind can easily find 
the cause, ; 

There area few fundamental principles which, if known, 
the reason for thousands of things, to a reasoning mind, 
becomes.as ‘‘ transparent as glass,” and not only this, but 
very interesting. 

I can find thousands of machinists, who are good work- 
men, but who know just as much of the laws of motion 
and force as they do of the inhabitants of the planets, 
although they have had what is called a common school 
education. 

As you, Mr. Editor, have suggested, men who have lived 
long lives amongst machinery, itseems, should have found 
out something about power ; but a workshop is, I think, 
the poorest place in the world to learn such things. 

I think the workshop is the best place in the world to 
learn many things, but natural philosophy can be taught 
better in schools. 

- Ifnatural philosophy was taught, as it should be, in 
common schools, I doubt very much if it would be neces- 
sary often to criticise perpetual motion inventors. 

It is a lack of knowledge of natural philosophy that 
leads a person to undertake to produce a machine to 
actually make power out of nothing. If not, why should 
not a person undertake to produce a machine to make 
sugar out of nothing? There is too much of a literal 
meaning put to the word “ make.” : 

If you mean by the word “make,’’ to actually create 
(which is one definition given by the dictionary), then 
you need to be very careful where you use it.. 

Machines do well when they alter the forms of material 
as they were planned to do ; to expect a machine to create 
its own material to operate on is expecting too much. If’ 
all people were well acquainted with the laws of natural 
philosophy, a great many projectors of ‘‘ wild cat”! 
mechanical schemes would find it advisable to look for 
some other eccupation, and many men would be left 
with more of their own money for their own uses than 
at present. 

Perpetual motion machines, when called by that name, 
are at present at quite a discount; not because people 
generally know the reason for their failures, but because 
they know that such things ave been failures, and that 
such schemes are risky. This prejudice does not stop at 
the perpetual motion inventor, but works about as well 
against the inventor with a really practical and valuable 
invention. It ought not to be necessary for people to 
govern their actions by prejudice, and it would not be 
necessary, in many cases, if the laws of natural philosophy 
were better known. 

Perpetual motion inventors and perpetual motion 
frauds are now finding a satisfactory field to work in in 
electricity, 

The frauds do not, of course, call their contrivances 
perpetual motion machines, but manage to find other 
names that have not been heard before, so they keep 

















Oct. 1, 1894: 


Eee eee cdma ne he [Me One then Gucilay theeimeeminctinonials, Homies of a large amount of prejudice, and with the mys- 
terious electric current they pretend to work wonders. 

Not long ago a party advertised stock in a company 
that pretended to own the most wonderful invention ever 
conceived. In answer to a letter of inquiry, intelligence 
was received that it was a scheme for magnifying power 
to any extent by the use of electricity, and that it was 
tried and proven to be a complete success. 

Perpetual motion inventors have claimed a good deal 
when they claimed to produce a machine that would 
create power to run itself, but this new electrical fraud 
pretends thousand of times more than this. To make the 
matter more plain, the chief fraud pretends that each 
magnifying machine will multiply the power by four, 
and also that the machines are light, cheap, and not 
liable to get out of order. [think the chief projector does 
not quite understand his scheme, for in the same minute 
that he tells of being able to ‘magnify power to amy 
extent, he tells of moving from a building because he 
could not get steam power enough. 

Itseems to be evidentthat a door-bell batteryand a few of 
these multiplying machines would give him all the power 
he could possibly want. This wonderful scheme did not 
originate in the wilds of Africa, but in this glorious 
country that we sometimes brag of, and it is now being 
operated in a city noted for the culture and general 
intelligence of its people. 

If natural philosophy was better understood, I believe 
stock in such ahumbug would sell very slowly. You 
cannot teach such things in workshops. Schools are the 
places to teach such things, and every person with a 
common-school education should be familiar with the 
laws of natural philosophy. Not familiar only with the 
language used in the text-books, but familiar with the 
principles which the text-books in their feeble way under- 
take to make plain. 

I say feeble way, for a text-book, no matter how well 
coinposed, is a feeble way of teaching natural philosophy. 

Schools should be provided with suitable contrivances 
for experiments in order to make things actually under- 
stood and interesting. 

It is useless to reason with a perpetual motion in- 
ventor, for whoever saw one that was not wholly sure that 
his contrivance was a success? It seems to bea trait of 
human nature to lie and then swear to it. In a Western 
town, not long ago, a party claimed to have invented a 
certain three-ply water-wheel which was claimed to 
develop 300 per cent. of the power. 


OUR TRADE 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. le ne ho me ene ACR Me Garelten | eet eT 


On their circular there were testimonials from the 
most influential men of the town,’ which certified to the 
correctness of this assertion. 

Acertain very quick Eastern inventor has got to work 
ina very quick field, and this is asample of his lightning- 
like work : 

He has discovered that it is not necessary to keep an 
electric current strictly in attendance on one motor, but 
has found that he can switch it into a great many other 
motors, and then get it back to the first before it is missed. 

He says that the first motor will run by momentum 
while the current is engaged somewhere else. 

This is about the way things go without a knowledge 
of philosophy. 

A Mecuanic, in American Machinist 
(reproduced in the Sewing Machine Times 
of New York), 








ON PROFIT-SHARING. 


British employers and employes entertain, Mr. Schloss 
explains in a report which is now receiving great publicity 
throughout the country, aconsiderable reluctanceto accept 
as applicable to the organization of industry i in this country 
a method of foreign invention. But the fact is that, though 
Leclaire, the Paris house- painter, is usually considered 
“the father of profit-sharing,” it was really introduced by 
Lord Wallscourt, probably in 1829, and not later than 
1832. The first. writer to advocate the system was 
Babbage, and there have been far more profit-sharing 
experiments in the British Empire than in any other 
country. Mr. Schloss continues: ‘“ An examination of 
the details in relation to 51 cases in which the method of 
profit-sharing has been adopted by British employers, but 
is not now in force, suggests the conclusion that ‘this 
system has not met with anything like universal success. 
It must, however, be borne in mind that the warmest 
advocate of the system would never maintain that profit 
sharing is an absolute panacea against commercial dis- 
aster, nor are we asked to believe “that, in all cases alike, 
the introduction of profit-sharing arrangements is 
invariably followed by an improvement in the industrial 
efficiency of the evployes, and by an amelioration in the 
relations between employers and employed. Turning 
from the past to the present, we find from the particulars 
stated in regard to those British employers by whom 
profit-sharing is at present practised that this system ‘is 


DIRECTORY. 








SEWING MACHINES AND ACCESSORIES. 
Machines « Coudre. 


Baer & Rempel, Bielefeld, the Phoenix. 
Bradbury & Co., Ltd., Wellington Works, Oldham, and branches. 
Bradbury, C., 249A, High Holborn, London, W.C., Grimme, Natalis, 
& Co.’s machines. 
Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., 59, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., 
the Branston Two-reel machine. 
Bishop’s: Cluster Co., 147, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Gloria 
machine and others. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham, Lanes., the Eclipse machine. 
ones Sewing Machine Co., Ltd., Guide Bridge, Jones’ machines. 
Kimball & Morton, Ltd., Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, the Lion machine 
and others. 
Lohmann, C., Aldersgate Street, London, E,C., the Electra machine and 
others. 
Murdoch, J. G. & Co., Ltd., 91, Farringdon Road, London, E.C!, 
various machines. 
National Sewing Machine Co., Fetter Lane, E.C., the National 
machine: 
Nothmann, Gebr., Berlin. 
E.C., the Nothmann. 
Patent Button Hole Machine Co., 4, Newgate Street, London, E.C: 
Pfaff, G. M. Agent: Wilhelm & Co., 132, Wool Exchange, London, the 
Pfaff. 
Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C., the high arm 
Naumann machines and others. 
Singer Manufacturing Co., 39, Foster L~ne, London, and branches, 
Gordon & Gotch, 15, Bride Street, London, E.C., the Domestic. 
Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., Lim., Albion "Street, Birmingham, 
Daniel Jones’ Patent Two-reel machine. 
Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley, Yorks, the Cyclops machine, 
Vertical Feed Co., 24, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Vertical 
Feed Machine. 
Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 
White Sewing Machine Co., 48, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., the White 
machine. 


Agent: E. Rausnitz, 184, Aldersgate Street, 


Wheeler & Wilson Co., 21, Queen Victoria Street, E,C., the Wheeler 
and Wilson machine. 
Webster, H., 442 & 444, Harrow Road, London, W., the New Home 


machine. 
Zschwinzscher, G., 102, Fenchurch Street, 
machines. 


E.C., Biesolt & Locke's 


MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 
Bell, W. and Co., 95, New Bond Street, London, W. 
Grover and Wood, 62, Glengall Road, London, S.E. 
Lohmann, C., address given above, 
Murdoch, J. G. and Co., Ltd, (automatic, etc.), do. 
Peters and Co.. do. 84, Oxford Street, London, W. 
Whight, G. and Co., Regent Street. 
KNITTING MACHINES. 
Machines a Tricoter. 
Biernatzki and Co., 44, Mansfield Road; Nottingham, 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Harrison Knitting Machine Co. , Manchester. 
Rothwell & Co., Lim., Bolton. 
Stibbe, G., 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 
BEDSTEADS. 
Atlas Bedstead Co., Bilston, Staffs. 
WASHING AND WRINGING MACHINES. 
Machines a Laver. 
Acme Machine Co., Henrietta Street, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
American Wringer Co., 122, Southwark Street London, 
rubber wringers. 
Cherry Tree Machine Co., Cherry Tree, Lancs., washers and mangles. 
Kimball & Morton, Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
Taylor & Wilson, Atlas Works, Accrington. 
BICYCLES. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Oxford Cycle Co., Oxford. 
St. George’s Cycle Co. Upper Street, London, N. 
Roberts, H. S., Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, Bucks. 
Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C. 
Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street Glasgow. 


S.E.; 



































18 ABE The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


being applied by 101 firms, employing between them a 
body of employes of which the aggregate number reaches 
a minimum of over 27,000, and attains in busy seasons to 
a maximum exceeding 29,000, and engaged in a wide 
range of business undertakings, carried on upon scales of 
various magnitude in different parts of the Empire. The 
ample details, which the courtesy of these employers has 


~ made it possibleto furnish,constitute an amount of evicence 


in respect to the character of the different profit-sharing 
schemes now in force, and to the results which the 
operation of these schemes is found to produce, which 


will readily be admitted to be entitled to carry great | 


weight.” Mr. Schloss urges that the facts and opinions set 
forth prove that profit-sharing, in one or another of its 
numerous forms, is considered by practical men to 
increase the efficiency of employes, and to establish more 
harmonious relations between employers and employed. 
The great difficulty he sees to be the jealousy and hos- 
tility with which the majority of trade unions regard 
schemes of profit-sharing. “It will be perceived,” he 


adds, ‘that many ofthe objections which have just been 


summarised have relation rather to the special features 
of particular schemes than to the profit-sharing system in 
general, and might, to a great extent at any rate, be 
avoided by suitable arrangements. Ontheother hand, some 
of the points raised by thetrade unions have reference to 
features inherent in the profit-sharing method in all its 
forms. With the validity or the invalidity of objections 
such as these we are not nowconcerned. ‘The important 
matter for our consideration is that these objections, 
whether valid or invalid, are entertained by organisa- 
tions, in the face of whose opposition the general exten- 
sion of this industral method, at any rate in trades in 
which their influence is powerful, must prove fraught 
with no inconsiderable difficulty ; and unless this 
difficulty can in some way be surmounted, the influence 
of the profit-sharing system asa means making for 
the promotion of industrial peace must necessarily 
possess a somewhat restricted character. At the 
same time, although profit-sharing may perhaps 
turn out to be a palliative applicable with 
good results only in certain industries and under certain 
circumstances, the notable measure of success with which 


_the introduction of this system appears, in numerous 


instances, to have been attended, must be held to justify 
its claim to be esteemed well worthy of careful examina- 
tion by those who desire to consider in what direction it 
may be possible to effect an improvement in the existing 
methods of industrial organisation. The materials for 
such an examination it is the object of the present report, 
so far as possible, to supply. 


GENERAL FORM FOR A SIMPLE PROFIT-SHARING SCHEM? ; 


Caso Bonvs.* 
(1) Method of Profit-sharing.—From and after January 
1st, ——, the surplus (if any) of the clear profits of the 


business beyond such definite sum as is for the time 
being reserved to the firm for their own benefit (herein- 
after referred to as the ‘‘ reserved limit ’’) shall be divided 
into two equal parts, cne thereof to be.distributed gratui- 
tously asa bonus tothe emp/oye in the manner defined 
by these rules, and the other to be retained by the firm. 

(2) The Reserved Limit.—Vhe present reserved limit} 
has been communicated confidentia!ly to 
chartered accountant, and will not be altered for the first 
three years, if the scheme so long subsists. ‘Thereafter it 
may be raised or reduced by the firm, but (unless altered 
during some month of January) not so as to affect the 
distribution of profits for the financial year current at 
the time of alteration. Notice of any alteration will be 
given to the 27floyes in such manner as to let them know 
how far such alteration would have affected the last pre- 
ceding distribution had it then been in force. 

(3) Accountants Certificate—The accounts of the 
business will be audited each year by a chartered account- 
ant, who will certify to the employes the bonus (if any) to 
which they are entitled. 

(4) Qualifications for Profit-sharing.—The employes 
entitled to share in the profits for any financial year are 








* Reprinted from “ Profit Sharing and the Labour Question,” by 
T. W. Bushill. 

+ It is very desirable that some intimation of the possible benefit to 
the employes should be given when the schemeis introduced. A simple 


‘style of communication would be: “It the profits during the present 


year equal the average of the past three years, there would be a bonus 
equal to weeks’ wages for each participant.” 





Ocr. 1, 1894. 





such only as were employed at the commencement of such 
year, and have furnished a request to be entered on the 
list of profit-sharers. The acceptance of the terms herein 
offered is not to be in any way a condition of employ- 
ment or of premotion. Profit-sharers will be free to 
Secome or remain members of any trade or friendly 
society. 

(5) Duration of Scheme.—The scheme is to continue 
in force only until the firm give notice to the employes 
putting an end thereto, but such notice, unless given 
during some month of January, will not take effect until 
the end of the financial year current at the time it is 
given. 

(6) Method of Diustribution.—The employes share of 
profits accruing in each financial year is (subject as after- 
mentioned) to be distributed among them in proportion 
to their respective salaries or wages at the commence- 
ment of such year, taken for one week, exclusive of 
premiums, overtime, or other variable allowances; In 
making any year’s distribution it shall be permissible to 
the firm to carry forward undivided to the credit of the 
following year’s employes share of profits any sum which, 
if divided, would have given to them less than one week’s 
wages, calculated as aforesaid. 

(7) Payment of Bonus.—Each employe’s bonus shall, 
within two months of the end of the financial year, be 
paid into his account at some savings bank, and will 
then become his absolute property. 

(8) Lmployes Leaving.—An employe whose service 
ends by notice given on either side, by illness, or by 
death, will have a right to bonus for the financial year 
in which his service ends, in proportion to the portion 
of the year elapsed to the end of the month preceding 
the end of his service. Any employe leaving under cir- 
cumstances other than before-mentioned shall lose such 
right. Any sum lost to an ef/oye under this rule does 


(9) Proviso in Event of Damage.—lf an employe ceases 
to be in the service of the firm by reason of any wilful act 
or default on his part causing loss or damage to the firm, 
or is at the time indebted to the firm, his bonus shall be 
applied to making good such loss or damage or to pay- 
ment of such debt. 

(10) Partiership not Conferred.—The employes ot any 
of them will have neither the rights nor liabilities of 
partnership; nor are they to intermeddle or be con- 
cerned in the management or the accounts of the busi- 
ness. 

(11) Alteration of Rules.—Alterations or, modifications 
of these rules, which experience may suggest as desirable, 
may from time to time be made by the firm ; but such 
changes, unless made during some month of January, are 
not to take effect until the end of the financial year current 
at the time they are made. 

(12) Definitions.—In these rules, words importing the 
masculine gender include also females: “ Firm ’”’ includes 
the present members of the firm, as also any person or 
persons succeeding to the business; ‘business ’” means 
the business of the firm, whatever changes may take place 
in the nature or branches of such business or places where 
the same is carried on ; “financial year ” means the year 
from January 1 to January 1; ‘scheme ” includes all 
relations between the firm and emloyes under these 
rules. 


Dated this day of 13 


(Signed) 








CANVASSER SENTENCED FOR CURIOUS 
THEFT, — 


At the South-Western Police Court, last week, Robert Roe, 42, a 
salesman, living at 1, Campana Rosd, Fulham, was charged with steal- 
ing a sewing machine, valued at £6, belonging to his employers, the 
Singer Manufacturing Company. The prisoner was employed by that 
firm at their depot in High Street, Wandsworth. He obtained a 
machine on the 14th September, representing that he had found a 
customer forit. He induced Mrs. Meadows, who resided at Putney, to 
take care of the machine for a few days, and subsequently sold it to 
James Lawrence, of 533, Fulham Road, for 42.—Detective Gough 
arrested the prisoner at his house at Fulham, he having left his employ- 
ment unexpectedly. When told the charge he said, “I have been ex- 
pecting you. I thought it would come to this.”—In defence, the 
prisoner said he had no intention of stealing the machine. He was 
supposed to sell a certain number of machines, and if he failed to do this 
he would be discharged. He took the machine to dispose of it in the 
ordinary course.—Mr, Rose thought the case was a very bad one, and 
committed the prisoner for six weeks with hard labour. 


Oct. t, 1894. 
THE 


American Weinger (0 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE C0.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 





























The “ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 

The ““ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Considering the quality of the materials used, the ““ HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


20099950000 00000059990500800005000008 


WHAT IS THIS? 





This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle. 
We guarantee all 
rollers in our ma- 
chines to have an 
equal thickness of 
cubber to that shown 


in the sketch. 




















MMIII YI 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed in iron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 








Our new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application, 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER (0., 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. BY 


GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter inthe Market. 











SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, “MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





NEW HARRISON SWIFT GOLD MEDAb 


a KNITTER 
TOT =F % : 


KN | T S Stockings ribbed or plain 


GLOVES and CLOTHING in 










zy 













WOOL, SILK, or COTTON. INSTRUG 
TIONS FREE, Lists 2d. per post. 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The onlp 
A “ WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and 22 other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CQ, 
Works; 48, Upper Brook St,, Manchester, . 


The New 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


v ~~ is the only machine in the world 
which can knit every garment 
Ss that can be done by hand. 


It would take three days by hand what c uld be done on the 
“New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and thousands of ladies 
who have entirely abolished hand knitting ave now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these maxhines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything in either silk, wool, or cotton. 


Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 


A 
































Miller & Co., of “ Lito” lamp fame, have started to 
make cycle parts of every description. 
* = 





The White Sewing Machine Company have taken up 
the agency for the Cleveland Machine Screw Compaay’s 
cycle balls. 

The exhibition (“ Salon’) of cycles to be held in Paris 
is now definitely fixed to open on December 5th, and to 
last a fortnight. 


x 2 


We understand that Mackintosh & Co. have not yet 
entered an appeal against the decision in the “‘ Clincher” 
tyre case. It looks as though they intend to peacefully 
submit to the judgment. 

Two new tyres have been patented. One of these was 
invented by Mr. W. H. Moss, cycle dealer, 161, Stratford 
Road, Manchester, and which is said to fit any rim, and 
the other is owned by Mr. A. McDougal. 


Nearly all the space at the Stanley Show is now let, 
and among the exhibitors in the sewing machine section 
will be the Singer, Wheeler & Wilson, and the Vertical 
Feed Companies. Bradbury’s will show in the cycle 
department, ae 

Wood rims appear to be coming to the front. The 
Birch Pneumatic Tyre and Wood Rim Company have 
started business at 49, Aire Street, Leeds, to exploit a 
new kind of cycle wheel made of English ash. Wooden 
rims have already become popular in the States. 


Although not yet on the market, it is stated that the 
new “Rudge” tandem tricycle is practically a safety 
tandem with two back wheels, and a balance gear plus 
axle bridge, and the necessary side struts. There seems 
to be something good in this notion. The great objection 
to tandem tricycles is their weight ; get over this, and they 
should enjoy a great sale in the future. 

**~* 


Probably the worst trouble with cycles the past year 
was associated with the chain, The tendency to reduce 




















2 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


weight as much as possible has led to the production of 
too narrow chains, which will not bear the necessary 
strain. The chain makers, however, state that one cause 
of breakage is often to be found in the fact that the chain 
is too slack, and another in riders not keeping the links 


. free from mud. 


x * 
* 

Messrs. Ronald Harrington and Arthur Anthony have 
started the manufacture of a novel cycle at Zoar Street, 
Wolverhampton. The framework and handle bars are to 
be of bamboo, and the lugs and joints of a new composi- 
tion, and the rims of bamboo. Thus constructed, it is 
expected by the patentee that their machine will be built 
more quickly and cheaply, also cost less and ride more 
comfortably. 


x * 


As showing how badly cycle companies have fared of 


- late, we might state that the Coventry Machinists Com- 


pany’s £10 shares are now only worth £4 10s. Thetyre 
companies are, naturally, ina worse plight. Here are a few 


= examples; in each case che shares are £1 paid. TheSydney 


and the McDonald are each quoted at ts. 9d., the Acme 
figure at 3s., the Grappler 4s. 6d., and the Preston-Davies 
rank highest at 5s. 


= * 


The Cycle Agents’ Union have now an office at 57, 
Chancery Lane, E.C. Some discussion has taken place 
the past month in the trade journals as to how the 
C.A.U. intend to discriminate between dona-fide and 
other cycle agents. It must not be forgotten, however, 
that the organisation is but a few weeks old, and that on 
the 28th November, at the Stanley Show, it intends to 
hold a meeting to discuss this and other important 
questions. 


* * 


Professor Everett, in a paper read before the British 
Association, stated that he found that a pneumatic tyre 
yielded in the radial direction, and that its lateral yield 
was much less than that afforded by spring spokes. The 
spokesrecommended consist of a small coil spring weighing 
4 oz., attached to a light spoke wire. The connections 
of the ends of the spokes to both hub and rim, as well as 
that between spring and wire, to be of the hook and eye 
kind. The attachment at the rim is not at the centre, 
but at the side of the rim. Messrs. Hughes & Sons, of 
Wolverhampton, are making the Everett wheel. 


* 

One of the principal sensations of the month was the 
resolution to amalgamate the Rudge and Whitworth 
Companies, to be called the Rudge-Whitworth, 
Limited, with a capital of £200,000, halfin £1 and the 
balance in £5 preference shares. At the Rudge Com- 
pany’s meeting to consider the proposal there was some 
opposition, but it was generally recognised that something 
was necessary to restore confidence in the concern, hence 
the proposal was agreed to practically unanimously. We 
might add that the Rudge £5 shares have of late only 
been valued at £3 10s., as compared with the Whitworth 
£1 which have figured at £1 17s. 6d. It is intended to 
allot to the Whitworth shareholders shares in the new 
company on the basis that their old shares are worth 


(Lie Tiss sols 












qui 
wm 





TU 
aINE 


Many of oui readers will now be considering the 
question of replenishing their stock of musical instru- 
ments in anticipation of the winter’s trade ; we shall, there- 
fore, give a few details as to the best markets. 

* 


J. & J. Hopkinson have slightly improved their model 
pianettes, specially as regards the fitting of the iron 
frames, without adding to the cost. 

The Karn organs are deservedly popular in this country, 
and in their showrooms in Newman Street, W., can be 
seen four new styles, 


The Smith American Organ Company, of 84, Oxford 
Street, W., have a new illustrated catalogue which dealers 
can have post free on application, 





Oct. 1, 1894, 


Mr. J. Higham, of Strangeways, Manchester, is an 
actual manufacturer of brass instruments, and can give 
valuable advice to any of our readers who desire to cater 
for local bands, &c. Cae 


Messrs. Wilhelm & Co., of 132,Wool Exchange, E.C., in 
addition to acting as wholesale agents for the Pfaff sewing 
machine, are importers of a good make of piano, of which 
details can be had on application. 


‘ 


* 

Messrs. Jas. Humphreys & Sons, of 35, Drummond 
Street, N.W., have a new catalogue, and are devoting 
special attention to some new artistic designs in reed 
organs of their own manufacture. 


mR 


Messrs. Seidel & Naumann, of 23, Moor Lane, E.C., it 
should not be forgotten, are also able to supply dealers 
with not only a first-class make of piano, but also 


automatic organs and musical poxes in great variety. 
. x ® 


* 

Messrs. Bishop & Son, of Belmont, Chalk Farm, N.W., 
ranking, as they do, among the largest piano manu- 
facturers in the country, have a new model, which they 
call the ‘‘ Antwerp,” and which they claim is one of the 
handsomest instruments ever designed. Its price, too, is 
moderate. Our readers can seeits photo on application to 
the makers. 


The Bell Organ Company, Limited, of 95, New Bond 
Street, are this year, as formerly, well ahead of their 
competitors as regards good sound organs of handsome 
design, but to sell at a popular price. It is remarkable 
what organs this Company supply to yield the usual profit, 
yet to sellaslowas twenty guineas. For full details we must 
refer our readers to the catalogue. We must not forget 
the new Bell piano, which is priced to retail at forty 
guineas. It is really splendid yalue. 


The Story & Clark Organ Company have now on show 


_at their new premises, 53, City Road, E.C., a full range 


of their instruments, and as they boast of making not 
less than 500 styles, dealers cannot complain of not being 
given a choice. One of their latest styles is the “Creation,” 
which is an organ constructed on entirely new principles, 
the principal feature being the adoption of a blast instead 
of suction as is usual. This company have also a new 
portable organ called the “Trunk,” which is well adapted 
for open-air proceedings. oe 
* 

One of the best and most complete stocks in the country 
is well-known to be that of Messrs. J.G. Murdoch & Co., 
Limited. Their variety ranges from grand pianos to con- 
certinas, and in qualities to suit all pockets. This year, as 
last, they are pushing the sale of automatic organs, two 
kinds of which are illustrated and described on another 
page. Dealers visiting town should not fail to inspect the 
huge stock kept at this firm’s showrooms, 91 and 93, 
Farringdon Road, E.C., and others might with advantage 
apply for their catalogue. 


= * 


Messrs. Henry Klein & Co., sole wholesale agents for 
H. Peters & Co., of Leipzig, are also to the fore with a 
choice selection of automatic instruments, all of which 
are described in their large illustrated catalogue, which 
can be had by our dealers on application. Several of this 
firm’s old styles have been remodelled or improved, and 
among their latest novelties is Lindemann’s ‘“ autoharp 
guitar,” and anew piano player. The latter is calculated 
to create a stir in musical circles, as it can be retailed 
for less- than two pounds, It is placed over the piano 


GEO. TOWNSEND & 60., 
SEWING MACHINE 


NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS, 


GIVRY WORKS, REDDITCH, 


Advise the TRADE that they Manufacture none but first quality needles 
for every description of work. Buy no others but those bearing our TRADE 
mark, a WHITE ring on BLUE shank. None genwine but ow: make, A 
quantity of Shuttles and Fittings in Stock at PRESENT DAY prices. 


London Agent: J. P. ALLEN, 12, WALBROOK, E.G. 
SEND FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES, 








' and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


STANLEY SHOW, 


ASOoOd. 


The (8th ANNUAL EXHIBITION 


Cycles, Cycle Accessories, 
Cycle-making Machinery, 3 
Photographic Appliances, 


SEWING MACHINES 


WHEL BE; HELD AT THE 


ROYAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, 


ISLINGTONRN, Wi., 


Nov. 23 to Dec. 1, 1894, 


INCLUSIVE. 
EIGHT DAYS AS USUAL, 
Recognised by the Press, Public, Agents, Buyers, 
and Cyclists, all over the World, as 


THE TRADE EXHIBITION 


and promises this year to eclipse all previous 
STANLEY SHOWS. 


The Committee have set apart the East End of 
the Main Gallery specially for the Exhibition of 


SEWING MACHINES. 


THE SINGER, WHEELER & WILSON, and VERTICAL FEED SEWING MACHINE CO.’S 
have already booked space. 

Applications for Space, which is limited, should 

be made at once, and all particulars to be had of 











EK. A. LAMB, Secretary, 


57, CHANCERY LANE, W.C, 











er ee 


Fh 


== 


ROS SSS 


























a 


eer 


‘ 


24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Oct. 1, 1894, 





keys and worked like a typewriter. We might add that 
to produce the chords a small knob is depressed. This 
ingenious invention must be seen to be thoroughly 
appreciated. 








































































































Among their recent changes Singers have abolished 
Hanley as a district office. 


* 
a 


An American system of Bad Debt Insurance is being 
introduced into this country. Policies, we understand, 
are not issued for less than £1,000, upon which amount 
the premium is £50. 

x * 

During the past month a Cookery and Trade Exhibi- 
tion has been held in Doncaster, at which Messrs. 
Parkin & Son had a fine display of Vertical Feed and 
Pfaff sewing machines. 

* 

The Berlin sewing machine dealers have decided in 
future to only charge £3 2s. for machines instead of £4 
as formerly, also to allow no more than 2s. for old machines 
as compared with ros. as heretofore. 

= * 

The Direct Cash Trading Company, Limited, a new 
concern, with offices at 132, Queen Victoria Street, E.C., 
are extensively advertising that they are open to supply 
the public with any household rcquisites at an average 
discount of 20 per cent ! 


ed 


The chief offices and warehouses of the Wheeler and 
Wilson Company are now located at 5, 6,7, 8,9, 10,and 11, 
Paul Street, Finsbury, E.C. The company haveso recently 
removed to these extensive premises that the whole of the 
departments are not yet in working order. By the time 
our next issue is due allis expected to be complete. 

ax x 


We are pleased to hear from Mr. Carl Petersen, trading 
as the Reliance Machine Company, 114, West Green 
Road, Tottenham, that his first year’s business experience 
is very satisfactory. Hehas just taken additional pre- 
mises at 114, High Street, Stamford Hill, not only as a 
dorzestic machinery store, but also as a perambulator 
factory. 


x« * 


The Cherry Tree Machine Company, Limited, are in- 
troducing a new form of mangle. It hasa flat top and spiral 
springs, and is constructed of wrought iron, similar in 
appearance to the tubular design, which it slightly exceeds 
in weight, but is superior in strength. We understand 
that there is no increase in price for this durable and 
handsome design. 


* * 

The Wheeler and Wilson Manufacturing Company only 
removed their new retail store to 128, Cheapside, E.C., 
last Saturday, and even yet it is not complete, so that we 
must defer full details until our next issue. We must say, 
however, that their new establishment promises, when 


complete, to be the largest and most handsome of its kind | 


in the United Kingdom. 


* 8 


* 

We referred last month to the death of Mr. Peter 
Esslemont, draper and sewing machine dealer, Aber- 
deen. A correspondent states that when made Provost 
he was expected, with the other magistrates, to attend 
church. Something, however, occurred to detain him 6 
and the congregation marvelled greatly whenthe minister 
gave out as his text: ‘‘ Now there was no small stir what 


_ had become of Peter.” 


* * 


Messrs. Hastings, Limited, the weil-known domestic 
machinery dealers and jewellers, of Queen’s Parade, 
Clapham Junction, have added another shop, No. 24, to 
their original address, No. 25, and have thus doubled the 
size of their premises. In going over the two shops with 
Mr. John B. Allpass, we observed that the older address 
was still devoted to the display of sewing and washing 
machines, perambulators, clocks, &c., but next door, which 
has a separate entrance, was entirely allotted to the display 
of pianos and organs, among the former being a number 


==] | situated shops in the metropolis. 


of the ‘‘ Spencer” make, and several of the latter being 
the famous Bell style. The whole of the two buildings 
are occupied by Messrs. Hastings, the upper floors being 
used as storerooms and offices. This firm always carry 
large stocks so as to give their customers a wide range for 
selection, and they are to be congratulated upon haying 
secured two of the best built and most attractive and best 


* 


* 

The French appear to be moving on lines parallel to 
ourselves as regards marks of origin on imported goods, 
But they go one better by insisting that articles be marked 
with the country of origin, whereas we.only insist on this 
if the goods bear marks calculated to lead the public to 
suppose that they are of home manufacture. 








A COUNTY COURT JUDGMENT was on August 
1st registered against Mr. Surplice, cycle and machine 
dealer, Old Christchurch Road, Bournemouth, for the sum 
of £10 ts. 

A COUNTY COURT JUDGMENT.—\ County 
Court Judgment was registered against J. P. Iley & Co, 
sewing machine dealers, St. James’ Hall, West Hartle- 
pool, on August 25th, for £16 12s. 6d. 








Failures and Arrangements. 





EMERSON & CO. (Newton Emerson), ironmonger, 
general merchant and dealer in cycles, peram 
bulators, and wringing machines, 29, High Street, 
Portadown. 

At a meeting of creditors held herein on August 27th 
an offer was made of 6s. in the pound, payable in four, 
eight, and twelve months, the last to be satisfactorily 
secured ; the debtor’s brother to allow his claim to 
stand over until the other creditors were paid. Liabilities, - 
£2,455 12s. ; assets, £683 gs. 5d. 

CULLINGWORTH & CO. (W. F. Cullingworth & J. 
Morgan), ironmongers. tinners, and wringing 
machine dealers, 9, North Lane, Headingley, Leeds. 

In the above bankruptcy Messrs. Summerscales & Sons, 
Keighley, are creditors for £12 2s. Liabilities, £133. 
Assets (after deducting preferential claims), £ 80. 
HENRY REDGATE, factor and dealer in furniture, 

perambulators, sewing and wringing machines, and 
musical instruments, Butts Road, Walsall. 

By a deed of arrangement filed herein on September 5th 
the debtor contracts to pay a composition of 7s. 6d. in the 
pound in one month from date of registration. 
Unsecured liabilities, £1,367 15s. 1d.; secured 


creditors, £30; estimated net assets, £500. Among 


the creditors is Mr. R. Brooksbank, Keighley, for £20. 


THE ATHLETIC AND GENERAL SUPPLY 
COMPANY, LIMITED, cycle and perambulator 
Dealers, Brompton Road, S.W. 

The above concern has been wound up, and their large 
stock was sold by auction last week. 


EVAN MORGANS, grocer, ironmonger, and dealer in 
perambulators and wringing machines, Cwmgorse 
_ _ Shop, Gwaencaegurwen. 

In this bankruptcy the Midland Perambulator Com- 
pany, Birmingham, are creditors for £10 6s. 6d. The 
liabilities are given at £1,934 10s. 9d., and assets (after 
deducting preferential claims) £611 13s. 11d. 


WILLIAM THOMAS PARKER, house furnisher and 
dealer in perambulators and sewing and wringing 
machines, High Street, Longton. 

A deed of arrangement was filed in the above on Sep- 
tember 4th, whereby the creditors. are to receive a com- 
position of r1s. in the pound payable in four quarterly 
instalments of 2s. 6d., and one of 1s., the first four pay- 
ments secured by a surety. Unsecured liabilities, 
£1,757 28. 6d; secured creditors, £740. Among the 
creditors are the following :— 


Lo isseid: 
Humphrey, Keates, & Co., Birmingham Ne 28 0 e 
Moore, Murton, & Varley, Keighley... ME ZOO LEG 
Smith, Marks, & Co. ... 300 on a 18 0 o 
Varley & Wolfenden ... So ioe ae 20 0 Q 





Oct. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 


THE LEADING FAMILY SEWING MACHINE. 


WHEELER & WILSON’S No. 9 


“A Thing of Beauty is a doy for Ever,” 













































































































































































































































































































gy 2 
TAR ahi AGENTS 
BEST \ \) WANTED 
‘i WHERE 
| NOT 
EVERY REPRE. 
SENSE, SENTED, 






























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































SSS y) ae 


: nae cl a Nie bei 
WHEELER @Ww WWJ ixLSOon, 
| Note the New Address: 


Chief Offices : 5, 6,7, 8, 9, 10, & 11, Paul St., Finsbury, London, E.¢. 






































26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


WALTER JAMES MATTHEWS, cycle manufacturer 
and dealer in perambulators and sewing and 
wringing machines, 5, Beaufoy Terrace, South Lam- 
beth Road. 

A deed of arrangement was filed in the above on 
August 22nd. Unsecured liabilities, £292 15s. ; esti- 
mated net assets, £35. 

HENDERSON & PATTERSON, ironmongers and 
dealers in perambulators and wringing machines, 
Stirling. 

The above estate has been sequestrated. Liabilities, 
£4,561 9s.; assets, £2,745. Among the creditors are 
the following :— 


JE Sle 
Humphry, Keates, & Co., Birmingham ... 10 6 3 
McEwen &Co., Stirling ... , ... 8 7 10 


McFarlane, J. & A., Glasgow = a0 Hae Qik Tat 0) 
Robertson, D. R., Kirkcaldy ao one B60 GOL BD 
HENRY WILLETTS ADSHEAD, house furnisher 
and dealer in perambulators, sewing and wringing 
machines, and musical instruments, High Street and 

Queen Street, West Bromwich. 

By a deed of arrangement filed in the above on 
September 6th the creditors are to receive a compositicn 
of 12s. 6d.inthe pound by five equal quarterly instal- 
ments. Unsecured ‘liabilities, £1,246 7s. 5d. ; estimated 
net assets, £1,150. 

WILLIAM HENRY PINCOTT, perambulator dealer, 

6, St. James Street, Brighton. 

- Areceiving order was made in the above on September 
3rd, and the debtor adjudicated bankrupt on September 
11th. His examination takes place in the Brighton 
County Court on October 4th at 11 am. Liabilities, 
£226 12s. 6d.; assets, £136 13s. 7d. The following are 
the principal creditors :— 


JES Gh 
Halesowen Pram Company, Birmingham ORS On 
Hardstaff, T., Nottingham... ad meld ei 1O O50: 
Harrop, John, Manchester... 080 366 Bad 12) 310) (0) 
Lines, G. & J., London~ ... Sis Sar Sh Ak Oye fo) 
Luckett, T., Birmingham ... fas bod abo WO Gee 4/ 
Rothschild & Baker, Birmingham... 600 soe WIE) 3} 
Simmons & Co., London ... oe 360 Be Ate OO 
Webb, Miss, Cardiff Ses Hea 200 Rete Ol OMI) 
White Sewing Machine Company, London... I0 0 O 


TOM W. BUXTON, bath chair manufacturer and 
perambulator dealer, 150, West Street, Sheffield. 

A deed of arrangement was filed herein on September 
gend. Liabilities, £573 8s. 4d. ; estimated net assets, 
£162 5s. ; secured creditors, £17 15s. The following 
are the principal creditors :— 


pas ands 
Andrew, J., Sheffield tat 0 con pon = Wah Oy) 
Baker, G. H., Birmingham we Sep rice LL OmsO nO. 
Bankers’ claims... oot aie sho ong = HEN (6) () 
Booker, W. H., Sheffield .:. 500 500 ee Ze ORnO) 
Brassington & Cooke, Manchester sod B00. 3%) Os 10) 
Campbell & Co., Manchester... et Bc 19 0 O 
Elste, Arno, & Co., Leipsic ce are cae 20s en0) 
Martin, J. W., Sheffield ... 600 ais sods UE Os O) 
Mole, J., High Wycombe... at 680 one-) 2i3) © @ 
Simmons & Co., London ... asd Be AEs 18 0 0 
Simpson, Fawcett, & Co., Leeds... Rae 2 19 0 O 
Wilson, Wm., Sheffield... non bd 20 0 0 


ANDERS & SONS (Wm. Anders), dealers in furniture, 
perambulators, wringers, &c., 69 and 71, Junction 
Lane, Sutton, St. Helens. 

A deed of arrangement was filed in the above on the 
12th ult., whereby the debtor assigns his estate with a 
proviso that if he pays the trustee six monthly instalments 
of £10 each, commencing October rst, and a further £15 
amonth from April ist, 1895, until sufficient to pay 
creditors in full, the estate shall not be realised. Unse- 
cured liabilities, 4,410 18s. ; estimated net assets, £927. 
Among the creditors are the following :— 


feos ak 
Cherry Tree Machine Co., Blackburn 92 0 0 
Kimball & Morton, Limited, Glasgow 15 0 0 


EDMUND CLEGG, cycle dealer, &c., Market Hall, 
and 9, Sur Street Rochdale. 

The above debtor, in his statement of affairs, ascribes 
his failure to bad trade, want of capital, and sickness of 
himsel fand family. The report of the Official Receiver 
is as follows :—- 

The bankrupt commenced business as a general dealer 
in the Market Hall, Rochdale, about April, 1887, with 
44, which he borrowed from a friend. His stock-in- 
trade has consisted of cycles, sewing and knitting 
machines, violins, pianos, and sheet music. The debtor 
alieges that he first became aware that he was in financial 





Oct. 1, 1894. 


difficulties about the commencement of June, 1894, and 
on the 15th of that month a private meeting of his 
creditors was held at the Crosby Hotel, Manchester, when 
a statement of his affairs wa: presented to the meeting. 
The statement showed the liabilities to be £324 7s. 11d, 
and the assets to be £155 12s.2d. The debtor states that 
he offered a composition of 10s. in the pound, payable in 
three, six, and nine months, but this offer was refused by 
the creditors. This was done, however, they consenting to 
his executing a deed of assignment of the whole of his 
estate in favour of Mr. A. P. Smith, an accountant in 
Manchester, in trust for the creditors. This was done, but 
Mr. Smith states that he has not acted under the deed. 
Assuming that all his financial embarrassments had been 
drawn to a close by the deed of arrangement, the debtor 
embarked at Liverpool in the Campania (s) for America, 
on June zoth, 1894, on a trip, as he states, ‘“‘ for the 
benefit of his health.” He arrived in New York on July 
7th, 1894, and remained in that city until the rrth of the 
same month, when he returned to Liverpool, arriving at 
that pert on July 18th. His holiday appears to have — 
cost him about £13. He alleges that when he started ~ 
out he had no money of his own, butthat a friend lent 
him £8. Hestates that he earned several pounds, both — 
on the outward journey and on the return journey, by 
playing selections of music on the violin, and that when 
he arrived in England he still had £6 left, which he paid 
to his friend. During his absence from this country, two 
companies who had supplied him with cycles joined ina 
petition to the Court praying for a receiving order to be 
made, on the ground that the debtor had committed an 
act of bankruptcy under section 4 of the Bankruptcy Act, 
1883, by executiag the before mentioned deed of assign- 
ment, and the Court accordingly made the order on the 
25th ultimo, and subsequently adjudged the debtor bank- 
rupt. The bankrupt has latterly been giving concerts in 
Rochdale and Rawtenstall for the purpose of assisting him 
in his difficulties, but these have proved to be a failure, 
and he has sustained a loss of £20 in consequence. The 
bankrupt accounts for his deficiency of £173 
12s. 6d. as follows:—Bad debts as per schedule “I,” 
£4 7s. 5d. ; expenses incurred since the 27th July, 1893, 
other than usual trade expenses, viz., household expenses 
of self and wife and five children, 4116 5s. 6d.; sickness, 
4#,20; accountant’s and solicitor’s expenses of private 
meeting of creditors, &c., £13 5s. ; loss on concerts, 
£19 148. 6d. ; total, £173 128. 6d. With the exception 
of the item of £13 5s., the charges for preparing the 
statement of affairs for, and convening and attending the 
private meeting of members, all the items are merely 
estimated amounts. According to the accounts he has 
now filed, there is a difference between the cost of his 
present stock-in-trade and the value of it. This item of 
£60 ought to have been brought into the above account. 
The debtor has kept a rough ledger, containing a record 
ofthe accounts owing by and due to him, but no cash 
book or any other books of account. He has no idea 
what his profits have amounted to during the last three 
years, but states that he has withdrawn about £130 a 
year from the business during the last three years for 
household and personal expenses, and this irrespective of 
the profits from the business. If this be so, he has been 
living at a rate exceeding his income. He thinks he was 
solvent three years ago, but is unable to show it. 

Subsequently, when publicly examined, the debtor 
stated that he used to work as a spinner ; then for a time 
worked fora Mr. Beale, machine agent, leaving him to 
work for the Singer Manufacturing Company, and in 
1887 started on his own account as a machine dealer. 
At first he kept no stock, merely ordering a single 
machine as required. The musical instrument depart- 
ment was afterwards added to his sewing machine busi- 
ness. The examination was then closed. 


a 
T. GEORGE'S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 
Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1894 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, and stove - enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 
was the novelty of the National Show. 


a 
rTP RAVELLER WANTED for the United Kingdom, to 

represent a wholesale firm of Sewing Machine and Cycle Manu- 
facturers —Address, stating salary, reference, and experience, S., c/o 
Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 








Oct. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


H. PETERS 4 Co. 


Largest Stock and Variety 
of Mechanical Musical 
Instruments and Tunes for 
same, 

Intonas, Ariosas, and Phoenix 
Victoria Orchestrionettes, 

Autoharps, Aristons, 
Lyraphones. 
Patent Piano Player on 
Autoharp Principle. 
’ Symphonions and Polyphons. 
Write at once for our 


NEW ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. 


H. PETERS & CO., Leipzig & London, 

















= Th A | LA Te rf { 
=j}* es ~ ‘(oes 

















Showrooms : 


oe 84, OXFORD ST., LONDON, W. 
Sole Agents: HENRY KLEIN &Co. 


JOHN GOUGH & CO., 


WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS, 
20, CROSS STREET, SWAN STREET, MANCHESTER, 


BASSINETTES, BASSINETTES, 


In Endless Variety. 


PATENT RUN-STRAIGHT BASSINETTES. 
GOOD SALEABLE DESIGNS, AT VERY LOW PRICES. 








Travelling Trunks from Ils. per Nest of Four. 


PNEUMATIC TYRE CYCLES £58. 


EO eg ie ot ot VERY DESCHT ET! ON 


CARPETS, OILCLOTHS, LINOLEUMS, UPHOLSTERERS’ TRIMMINGS. 
CLEVELAND AMERICAN ORGANS. 
MEISSLER & ALBERT BROWNE PIANOFORTES. 


FULL LISTS ON APPLICATION, 


























eyootee ess 


Pu 


pastiheniotien tom orate 




















28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 











The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


15,583. R. Wallwork, for improvements in knitting machines. 

15,813. F.A., Mills & J. Mundell, for improvements in sewing 
machines. 

15,974. E.J. Humphry, for improvements in children’s mail-carts 
or carriages. ; 
= 16,048 J. Fletcher & C. Brown, for improvements in sewing 
machines. 

16,288. W. E. Goodwin, for improved construction of joints for 
the folding shafts of handles of mail-carts, gigs, and like vehicles for 
children. 

16,354. J. Knox, for improvements in sewing machine attachments. 

16,385. J. Y. Johnson, a communication from the Wilcox & Gibbs 
Sewing Machine Company of United States, for improvements in 
thread-cutters for sewing machines. 

16,488. J. A. Claringburn & A. Banks, for improvements in and 
applicable to knitting machines, and in the method of working the 
same. 

16,527. A. Bucholz, for an appliance in sewing machines for 
simultaneously making and sewing on braids and edgings. 

16,730. W. Bowden, for improvements in sewing machines. 

16,780. H. G. Ashley, for improvements in sewing machines. 

16,866. G. F. Sturgess, for improvements in and appertaining to 
knitting machines and methods of knitting. 

17,201. J. Dowling, for a machine to imitate cording and stitching 
with or without inserted cords. 

17,220. H.C. Sheldon & W. Lockwood, tor improvements in or 
relating to embroidery machines. 

17,240. R. Potter, for improvements in and in the method of pro- 
ducing gathered or plaited garments and goods. 

17,267. G. Lacy, for an improved method of fastening instantly 
folding shafts of children’s mail-carts. 

17,540. L. D. Moyano, for improvements in the construction of 
perambulators. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 


(Price 8d. each.) 


15,959. Improvements in and connected with Button-hole 
Machinery. V. Witte, 4, Newgate Street, London. Dated August 
23rd, 1893. 

This invention has reference to machines for cutting and sewing 
pear-shaped button-holes, and forming the terminal fastening known 
as a ‘“ bar-lock ” stitch. 

The material in which the button-hole is to be formed is placed in 
and held by a work-clamp, while the hole is cut by a mechanical 
cutting device. The machine can produce either a lock or a locker 


STRONG TOYS, 


SUITABLE FOR COMING SEASON'S TRADE, 


SPLENDID SELECTION OF 


HORSES, ROCKINGS, SWINGS, 
TRIGYCLES, &e. 


Also TOY PRAMS, CARS, &c., 
ON SHOW AT FIRST FLOOR, 


9, FOSTER LANE, LONDON, E.C., 


9 a.m. to 6 p.m, 


LL.OYWD @& Co., 


MANUFACTURERS, 
BOROUGH, S.E: 


FoR 














Oct. x, 184. 


chain-stitch with two threads, or an ordinary chain-stitch with one 
thread, and after stitching around the edges of the button-hole the 
machine may be caused to produce a lock-stitch for the formation of 
the “bar lock.” 

14.433. Straw Plait Sewing Machine. G. Humphrey, 22, St. 
Peter's Street, St. Albans. Dated July 26th, 1893. 

This invention consists in improvements in that kind of machine in 
which two parallel needles, one eye pointed and the other having a 
hook, form work together and co-operate with looping devices to form 
a stitch in which only a very small portion of the thread is visible on the 
outside of the work. 

10,527. Improvements in Sewing Machines. W.L. Wise, a com- 
munication from R. Theiler, Lucerne. Dated May 3oth, 1894. 

This invention consists in an apparatus which can be readily applied 
to sewing machines for the purpose of automatically causing the 
machine to cease sewing on the completion of a seam containing a pre- 
determined number of stitches. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 


IssUED AND DATED AUGUST 7TH, 1894. 


524,063. K.S. Klogel, New York, N.Y. sewing machine. 
524,090. T. Kundtz, Cleveland, Ohio, sewing machine cabinet. 
IssuUED AND DATED AUGUST 14TH, 1894. 
524,340. F. A. Mills, Philadelphia, Pa., wax thread heating device 
for sewing machines. 
524,558. J. Ott, St. Louis, Mo., sewing machine. 
524,559. J. Ott, sewing machine. 


IssUED AND DATED AUGUST 21ST, 1894. 


524,739. W.S. Soule, Brockton, Mass., sewing machine attach- 
ment. 

524,815. C.E. Wilkinson, New Haven, Conn., shuttle for sewing 
machines. 


IssUFD AND DATED AuGusT 281TH, 1894. 


524,996. EE. B. Allen, Elizabeth, N.J., sewing machine. 

525,042. S. Borton, Brooklyn, sewing machine. 

525,043. S. Borton, thread cutter for sewing machine. 

525,047. Z. T. French & W. C. Meyer, Boston, Mass., sewing 
machine. 

525,091. W.R. Cartledge Guelph, Canada, knit fabric and method 
of and apparatus for producing same. 

525,142. T.R. Fischer, Baltimore, Md., threader for sewing machine 
needles. 

525,227. E. Murphy, New York, N.Y., sewing machine. 


COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Tron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Bassi- 
aettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
and best. workmanship at low prices for 
cash. 








THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 


Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at 
WHOLESALE PRICES. { 


S4t= Organette for GS/=— Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. 


<a 





Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 





3 Stops, 


By Royal 
Yox-humana, pe 
Expression, & Patent 
and Flute. A 
Two Mere 
Complete Child 
Sets of can Play it. 
Reeds. 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., ete. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 


PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD., 


who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. 


Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Yan Wheels, 


a large quantity always in stock. 


TIMEPIECES 16/6 PER DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE. 


Nov. I, 1894 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, V1 





SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 
description 
and 
quality, 
to 
suit 
all 
Trades. 













Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. eisaals 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 





London Agent — 
Mr. GEO. PEARCE 


89, Holborn 
Viadcet, 


E.C. 








The NEW ‘IDEAL’ KNITTER. 
4a 


| PERFECT. 


INCREDIBLY 
SIMPLE, 


SPEEDY, AND 








Patent Autom xtic 
Cams and 
Latch Openers. 





Various other New Features in 
Hand and Power Knitting Machines. 


THE NEW PATENT “J” MACHINE, 


For Scotch Knickerbocker Hose, in Checks, etc. 





Testimonials from leading Houses—Home and Export. 


¢. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica St., Glasgow. 


Leicester Showrooms: 34a, HIGH CROSS ST. 





-ewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


HUNTS AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING  CYCEE 
+ LAMPS.—The ‘‘ Norfolk” was admired by everybody at the 
Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Sweet, 





Norwich. 
BELTS ! BELTS!!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 


lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Ilarvie’s, 1:0, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 








THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 

which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement. elsewhere’. 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not -represented.— Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 





C,YCLES.—Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 
pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 
your advantage.- Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 
wanted everywhete.—78 t» 82, [lanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. 





EWING MACHINES.—A events on the look-out for a 
first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. 





TRAVELLER for Sewing Machines wanted at once. 





Address -‘* Traveller,” care of Sewing AZachine Cazetle, 28, 
Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 
VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 


: represented. 32st terms and sole agency.—Apply to th Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 
London, F.C: 


— 











WIPEEDLES for every make of Machine, cheap,—s. 
~* COX & CO., Alcester.—-Established 1840. 





THOROUGH PRACTICAL Cycle and Machine 

Repairer requires Situation. Efficient in every branch, Braizing, 
Turning, and every kind of Tyre. Fifteen years’ exp2rie 1ce.—Address 
“ Cycle,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 


. 








£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 


ditch, London, or Birmingham. 





Our cash prices for finest Sewing Machine Oils are : 





: —20Z., 148.3 3 0Z., 16s. ; 4 0z., 18s. per gross, in 
panelled bottles. Oil guaranteed the best ; oils 
: matched. Every kind of oil loose—Sewing 


Machire, Is. 6d. per gallon; Cycle Burning, ts. 9d. 

: per gallon; Cycle Lubricating, 1s. 6d. per gallon, 

&c. Correspondence solicited.—Isaac Spencer & Co, (late Laly 
sridge Oil Works), High Street, Hull. 


7M 


(See page 26 for other advertisements.) 





























12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 








CHE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum. or 1s ner quarter, post free. which includes 
ag free copy of the ive Traters’ Guide and Recorl. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


_ Sxbscription.—as. 6d. per annum, or gd per quarter, post free. 





Adu rtisements.—Tariff on Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 

Contributions.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for if so arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
Supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All-we ask is that they enclose 
Stamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information 

In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,’ or 
“‘ Editor,” at the address given below. 

Hire Agreements and Payment Cards——We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application. ‘ 

_ List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 

Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy aS an invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers Whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. - Would a// our readers do likewise? 

SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 
28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, + 
= : London, E.C. 


























We desire to make an appeal to firms 
who supply articles to dealers which are 
let out on the hire system. The security 
under the hire system has been seriously impaired owing 
to the last decision in the Test Case of Helby v. Matthews. 
This case, having already been in three Courts, has been 
very costly, and it is absolutely necessary that it now be 
taken tothe House of Lords. This means a further con- 
siderable cost—£ 600—and towards this only £400 has 
as vet been subscribed. This matter, we know, 1s not of 


To Wholesale 
Firms. 


such direct interest to wholesale as to retail firms, but | 
anything which concerns the latter’s security is of no | 


small interest to the wholesaler. 2 
Now we want to appeal to every wholesale firm to give 
a trifle to this Test Case Fund. There is not a single 


sewing, knitting, or washing machine manufacturer, nor | 


a perambulator or cycle maker, who reads this article but 


could spare say half-a-guinea or a guinea if the credit of 


the retailers, who are his customers, was improved, and 
that is what the question really amounts to. As the 
decision now stands dealers all over the country are 
losing money daily, and will continue so to do unless 
Helby v, Matthews is upset in the House of Lords. 

We therefore appeal to every wholesale firm to senda 
donation to the Test Case Fund of the Hire Traders’ 
Protection Association at once, so that it can be included 
in the list of subscribers, which will be published on 
December 1st. 


It is rather funny to read inthe Warehouse- 
man and Draper an objection to the com- 
petition of thestores. The sewing machine 
trade have for the last few years had to withstand the 
unfair competition of both stores and drapers—untfair 
because the sewing machine has been used by them not 
as an article of profit but asa “‘call-bird.” It strikes us very 


Biters Bit. 


much that for drapers to object to stores is very like the | 


pot calling the kettle black, and we really haye no sym- 
pathy for either party. Of the two, we think drapers 
are the most blameworthy, as they are able to give the 
ereater publicity to the fact that they are open tosupply 
the articles’ of other trades at cost price. Suppose thie 
sewing machine trade were to treat the drapers’ fancy 
goods in the same way as the drapery trade treats sewing 
machines, viz., sell them below the standard price, what 
wouid the drapers say? Why, weshould be treated to a 
complaining paragraph in our worthycontemporary aboye- 
named like the stores have received, and although it might 
not disturb our rest 1c would not be pleasant reading. 
Let our contemporary tell the drapers that they do not 
act fairly tothe sewing machine trade in selling these 
goods at astandard of profit lower than the regular trade 
can subsist upon, and appeal to the sense of honour af the 


- dvaper to desist from so doing. 




















By A. V. ETEeRAN.” 


The young fellow who is just learning the business is 
the one who longs to meet a rival representative of some 
prominent sewing machine, feeling fully assured that he 
can vanquish him on the spot. Considering the con- 
fidence he has in his machine and his ignorance of all 
other machines, it is not strange that he desires a 
competition in order to show the rest of the boys what he 
can do. He has heard the old members of the profession 
telling how easy they have “done up” every one with 
whom they ever had a competition, and from their 
uniform success and their nonchalant way of telling 
about it, he imagines that it will be an easy task to 
accomplish. 

His anxiety to show his abilities leads him into many 
questionable and unnecessary situations in order to get a 
chance at them. Frequently he follows the delivery 
wagons of the rival concern until he is completely worn 
out, only to find them delivering machines to people who 
have already bought or who will not take another 
machine on trial. In his efforts to get into a competition 
he loses much time, which, if used in canvassing, would 
probably have put him in possession of several good 
orders of hisown. At last his search is rewarded, and he 
finds a place where two or three machines are on trial 
with a lady who says that she wants to buy the best 
machine in the market. She is just the person he has 
been looking for,and he confidently assures her that he 
has the sewing machine that will leave the others in the 
shade. She very graciously gives him permission to put 
in a machine on trial, and he hurries back to the office to 
put in an order for a machine “to go out the first thing 
after dinner.” ? : 

The machine goes out in the afternoon, and he goes 
with it. In his anxiety to make an impression he tries 
to show up the machine, but being only slightly 
acquainted with the attachments or the manner of 
operating them, he succeeds in making a failure out of 
everything that he attempts to show up. He wonders at 
his stupidity, for he has seen others working them, and it 
did not appear to be any trouble at all, but now he has 
demonstrated to himself and the customer that it takes an 
expert to operate his machine, and that the mottoes about 
simplicity and all that are out of place. Next day the 
teacher is sent around to show the lady what the machine 
will do, and to apologise for the ignorance of the man 
who has the assurance to hunt up a competition without 
being able to enter intelligently into it. The teacher 
gives the ordinary lesson, and the lady promises to give 
the machine a trial, after which she will decide whether 
or not it is in any way superior to the other machines 
that she has already tried. Meantime the canvasser is 
depending upon the teacher to take care of his interests, 
and imagining that the other fellows are also waiting for 
the lady to make up her mind. In a week or two he 
calls again, and finds that the lady has bought one of the 
other machines, and he has had all his trouble and a 
defeat for nothing. Now the other fellow has something 
to brag about, and he relates to his friends how that 
“ oreener ”’ tried to sell the lady a machine, but when she 
came to compare the work of the two machines she soon 
saw which was the best, and he made the sale too easy to 
talk about. He doesn’t say that in reality the y sung 
fellow ‘wasn’t in it” at any stage of the game, but. lays 
the blame on the machine, because he knows that by and 
by the young fellow will begin to understand how to play 
his cards, and then it won’t be any use to try to down 
him ; but the machine is what he is fighting, and he 
knows that one such defeat will do more to injure the 
sale of a machine than all that half a dozen rival agents 
could say in a half a dozen months. 

There is scarcely a sewing machine canyasser but has 
had, at one time or another, the unpleasant experienc? of 
being beaten in a competition, and there are very few 





* Chicago Sewing Machine Advance. 


Novy. 1, 1894. 





experienced canvassers to go into a 
competition unless they have some assurance, 
beyond their confidence in the machine and _ their 
own eloquence, that they will be victorious. If a 
salesman has the good fortune to sell his machine 
for the full price, and to make no discounts, he makes the 
victory complete and satisfactory in the extreme, but my 
experience is that notwithstanding the assurance of the 
victorious salesman that he didn’t cut a cent, the proba- 
bilities are that he doesn’t count the excessive amount 
that he allowed for the old machine, nor the commissions 
he has paid in advance for sales that this customer will 
make for him to her frieads by and by. And this is not 
all, for it not infrequently happens that things are said 
and done in the heat of competition that are afterwards 
deeply regretted by all concerned, and not only hard 
words but hard knocks are sometimes introduced to 
settle the question as to who has the best machine. For 
these and other well-understood reasons, I think it 
unwise to seek out a rival, with the sole object of enter- 
ing into competition, unless in cases where the salesman 
has special assurance that he will make the sale. I do 
not believe in running away from a competitor, but the 
salesman who has his machine in the house should hold 
his ground and endeavour to make the sale by every 
means in his power. 


lady for allowing it to come into the house, and plainly 


shows her that he considers himself very ill-treated if | 


anyone else is allowed to compete with him. And, 
again, when a salesman leaves a machine on trial without 
making any effort to sell it, and get a payment or the 
old machine on delivery, he makes a mistake which has 
to some canvassers become a habit. If there is a pay 
ment made and the papers signed, the probabilities of 
the customer taking another machine on trial are greatly 
lessened, because they believe, nine times out of ten, that 
they will be held responsible for the fulfilment of the 
contract that they have signed. A salesman can almost 
always tell whether the prospective customer wants a 
machine, and whether, having the disposition to buy, 
they have the means wherewith to pay for a machine. 
Sometimes a salesman, in his anxiety to make a sale, will 
leave a machine for several weeks with a customer who 
has not the means to purchase anything to sew on the 
machine; hoping that some lucky evezt may occur by 
which they will be enabled to make a payment, but as 
time rolls on he finds them financially in the same _posi- 
tion he found them at first, and when, at last, he takes 
the machine away, scratched and dirty, perhaps, he 
realizes that when they told him that they were too poor 
to buy a sewing machine they were really telling the 
truth. 

Sometimes he makes the mistake of promising some 
one a few dollars for a reference, and having got the 
reference and made the sale, he imagines they will forget 
all about his indebtedness to them. But experience 
teaches him that exactly the reverse is the case, and that 
the memory of the givers of references. is exceedingly 
good, fur no matter how easily they might forget his 
name, if they were about to buy a sewing machine, they 
can remember it very easily when telling their friends 
how much he owes them, And it is a mistake to think 
that they will not work against him in case they discover: 
one of his machines in the house of a friend or acquaint- 
ance, for they seem to take an especial delight in break- 
ing up a sale for a canvasser because they failed to get 
two or three dollars out of him that they never worked 
for, nor are entitled to in aay way other than as a gift. 
If canvassers would rely more on their abilities as can- 
vassers, and less on the knowledge of some gossipy 
females, who, pretend to have a great influence amongst 
their neighbours, and to know the woes and wants of 
half the town, they would be many dollars in pocket, 
besides saving their reputation from some pretty hard 
knocks. : 

We all know the canyasser who works a certain class 
of houses and neglects all the others, and the one who 
won’t work a certain part of the town because it looks to 
have been worked pretty thoroughly before. He calls at 
three or four houses, and finds that they haye recently 
bought new machines, and from this he judges that the 

- man who sold these machines must have canyassed all 
_the rest of the town, , 








sell to them. 


But he makes a mistake if, the 
other machine having been forced in, he upbraids thet 


MR. LCOOG 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 13 





I knew another canvasser who went about taking down 
references, and then would go again in thirty or sixty 
days and try to get their order fora machine. He says 
he goes around the first time to get acquainted, and 
when he makes a second visit they will know him, besides 
having time to make up their mind to take a machine 
from him on trial. Every time that a canvasser calls on 
a customer without getting an order is that much time 
lost, and he makes a mistake in canvassing when he does 
not work his calls as though it were his last chance to 
If he don’t succeed, it will be time enough 
to put them on the list of references when he has satis- 
fied himself that they cannot or will not buy a machine 
till some future time. 

But the greatest mistake, and one whose effect reaches 
far into the future, is that which we make when we are 
doing pretty well, and imagine that we shall always be 
able to do as well. The salesman who has had and is 
having pretty good success, feels confidence in himself and 
his prospects of a bright future. The presence of money 
makes a man feel like spending it and enjoying life as he 
goes along, but with old age will come reverses that 
would break down a young man, and unless the successful 
canwasser*dfother days has a fund to fall back on, he will 


find, thaPispending his money as fast as he made it he 


N 


made the greatest_migtake of his life. 





SS Se 


¢ : 
ON. PRISTER AND ROSSMVANNS 
RS ALENT C8) CPRADE LN 1893. 
TO THE* BDITOR OF THE “SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.” 
DEAR Sir,—You have allowed me, in previous years, 
Space to supply you with what I deem to be interesting 
reading respecting a public sewing machine company, 
called Frister & Rossmann, Limited, and crave your per- 
mission to give you a few figures gathered from their last 
balance-sheet for 1893, conveniently published on May 
3rst, 1894, and again showing a loss of £24,265—with 
reference to which their original documents in my_pos- 
session contain again the amusing observation that this 
loss will be wiped out by the “‘ profit”—mark the word— 
by the “profit” they are going to make out of the cash to 
be screwed out of their confiding shareholders, or by 


| cancelling in the proportion. of six to one the shares of 


such unfortunate shareholders who cannot or will. not 
““dub up.” 

To call upon the holders of practically worthless shares, 
and say to them unless you invest a further amount of 
hard cash in our unpaying concern we shall cancel your 
shares, can fairly be compared with the demand of a cer- 
tain highway gentleman, who, one hand on the throat 
of his victim, the other holding a pistol, makes the polite 
proposal ‘your money or your life,” and then to refer to 
the plunder obtained by such an interesting operation as 
“ profit’ cannot well be more out of place. When, five 
years ago, they had to own to a loss of £168,389, even 
that result wassubject to the realisation of assets valued 
by them at £150,182, and although, since then, their 
trade has still further declined, they announce a loss of 
£24,265 subject to assets valued by them at £202,314 
bein realised in full. The only sound item out of this large 
amount is cash amounting to the magnificent sum of 
£179, or considerably less than one farthing in the 
pound. To dwell upon the other assets, represented as 
19s. 113d. in the pound, would be mere speculation. 
Time will show ! 

I will, therefore, content myself by referring to one 
little item of £33,000, representing cartridge tools and 
fittings, which it is to be hoped are carefully wrapped up 
to prevent their being eaten up by rust. As far back as 
October, 1889, I referred to these wonderful cartridges in 
the following terms :— 

Ofcourse the dreadful pill of /hree-asd-a-half millions deficiency was 
not administered in one dose--in 1887, when they administered the 
first dose, they said Sewing Machines arebad, but we hive taken up 
Automatic Scales, of the wonderful result of which nothing has since 
transpired. In 1888 the second dose was administered, and then 
sewing machines were still very bad, but Washing Machines would do 
such wonders as to make up part of the losses. ‘Lhe profits on Wash- 
ing Machines have, like the profits onthe Automatic Scales, not been 
heard of since, and in their last balance-sheet they announce that unless 
a change for the better takes place they will yive up the manufacture of 
Sewing Machines altogether, but they have taken up the manufacture 
of Cartridges, using the future profits (?) on these as the proverbial 
“red herring ” to draw across the path of their confiding shareholders 
to keep up their spirits, until they issue their next balance-sheet in 1890 
—with a result which anyone who cin read figures at all can very well 









































14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


foretell, and especially those who, like myself, have heard it whispered 
about pretty loud that these Cartridge Contracts have been obtained 
at prices which can only result in further losses as time will show. 

I am pleased to find my predictions of 1889 \ere 
not very far out, and as no one can afford to work 
at a loss for ever, these tools, &c., have been for 
years useless, yet they are carried forward as 
a good asset worth 433,000, until, I suppose, this 
little item has disappeared by rust or made up by fresh 
cash, which may (or may not) be screwed out of con- 
fiding shareholders. Last year this interesting and 
valuable item appeared as £36,800, they wrote off since 
£ 3,800 as loss, and no doubt by the time the rust. will 
have done its work completely this little item will have 
quietly and gradually disappeared, ‘that is to say, pro- 
vided the shareholders allow the concern to last long 
enough. 

So much on this one item, how far the remainder of 
this treasure of £202,000 represents full value remains 
to be seen. Strange it is that house and plant are 
now put at £10,000 more than in 1889, stocks also 
amount to £10,000 more, but then ‘stock is as good as 
money.” When they converted their shares from four 
to one and again converted these converted shares from 
six to one; in other words, when they cancel sovereigns 
and issue‘in their stead bits of paper with a face value of 
tenpence, with a real value of not ten farthings, 
they should also have converted ‘their name from 
Frister & Rossmann, Limited, to simply F. & R. Possibly, 
also, this craze for conversions is explained by the fact 
that one of the prime: movers in all this mischief is the 
worst of all Jews, a converted Jew! Such a change of 
name would also be fair to Mr. Frister and Mr. 
Rossmann, personally both estimable men. 

Lest some one not aware of the past may deem my 
observations spiteful, let me remind him that these people, 
who are indebted to me for the trade I established for 
them, and who in return for twelve years’ hard work, and 
also too much misplaced confidence on my part, took from 
me first my business, producing net not under £4,000 a 
year, then they relieved me of £20,000 hard cash and in 
the most heartless manner ; and last, and worst, they 
drove my wife to the madhouse ; and it will then be plain 
that with such a recollection I watch their downfail with 
satisfaction ; and it will in fairness be admitted that Iam 
justified to refer to it as further evidence of what has 
now been proved to the hilt, namely, that I have been 
made the victim of a concern which as a public com- 
pany has neither a body to kick nor a soul to save. If 
there is sucha thing as Nemesis it has so far done its work 
well, and I fervently pray it may continue to do so to the 
bitter end. And now to figures. Here is their balance- 
sheet for 1893 :— 











Dr. Lh o+ (Cm, fe 
Debenture creditors ... $4,828 | House and land -. 59,979 
Ordinary creditors 22,390 | Plant, tools, and fittings 40,104 
Shareholders 116,305 | Stocks ... Han B06 ORO) 
Workmen’s _ insurance Book debts and bills... 39,603 

still .o be deposited . 56} Cash ... Ere ee 179 
Reserve fund 1S 3,000 | Plant and tools 7e Car- 
tridgesiasemen-c, neseet3 2,900 
Share in Budapest Fac- 
tory ... S60 6 3,676 
Contribution to Associa- 
tion of Machine 
Makers 00 000 419 
Insurances paid in ad- 
vance... soe 60 82 
Sen Totalassets ~~ ... 
Total liabilities ... 226,579 Loss ee 
226,579 226,579 





With reference to the lengthy report attached to this 
balance-sheet it really contains little of interest. 

They say in it they are very pleased with their business 
in England and Colonies, for which they allege a 
turnover of 11,000 sewing machines, which is 
considerably less than what it used to be. But 
the satisfaction which they express about their 
English business is no doubt only introduced to 
cover over the pill which they wish their shareholders to 
swallow in the next sentence, in which thev refer to the 
lawyers’ bill which they had to pay for their last year’s 
dispute with the Singer Company, and which, although 
the taxed costs they had to pay the Singer Company 


Noy. I, 1894. 


were only about £1,400, are put down as £3,450. So 
that their own costs came to more than the costs. of the 
Singer Company. Of course, such a flourishing concern 
cau afford to be liberal with other people’s money. It is 
surprising how, in their reference to this action, they 
totally misrepresent the effects ofit ; they allege that the 
judge in the High Court decided against them in 
utter disregard of the judgment which I obtained 
against the Sicger Company in the House of Lords, 
and that as an appeal to re-establish the said House of 


Lords’ judgment would involve much great sacrifice in - 


time, labour, and money, they have decided to renounce 
the name Singer as worthless to them. This is what 
they allege in their printed report to their unfortunate 
shareholders, but what are the facts? Of course the 
judge could not and did not question the judgment of 
his superiors in the House of Lords, but whilst strictly 
obeying the decision then laid down for his guidance, 
he also held that in this particular case in dispute, 
Frister & Rossmann had used the word Singer 
with the distinct fraudulent intention to deceive an un- 
wary purchaser, and that part of the judgment is 
not even open to an appea!—because in a case of that sort 
on questions of fact the judge really decides the question 
in lieu of a jury, and it isa rare occurrence that an appeal 
is even allowed on a verdict of a jury on questions of fact. 

To return in conclusion to last year’s loss, &c., this is 
how it is made up :— 





Tes 
Loss carried forward from previous year...,.. one 7-427 
Trading expenses G0 aaa : 6,813 
Interests on debentures, &c. ... con 5,064 
Depreciation of house and plant au) 6 2,795 
Depreciation of patent, &e. ... we coe aes 1143 
Share of loss ve Cartridges G50 36H 5c 1,249 
Subscription to Association of Machine Makers .., 169 
Loss on exchange 500 100 300 590 200 45 
Costs of Singer action o8O sac 66 400 3,450 
Reserve account (and from there transferrel to 
Cartridge account) 2,203 
Total loss and expenses G00 Eee 2015S 
Gross profit... ... one cao £5,011 
“ Profit” (2) on canceliea shares 82 5,093 
Leaving net loss Pe hes 24,205 


So that the real net loss so far asthe books disclose it for 
the last. twelve months is £16,838. Z 

But I may still mention that the above item of depre- 
ciation of house and plant on the basis of former years 
would be £7,000 or more, instead of £2,795. No doubt 
other items in the whole affair are equally open to 
question. 

Tam much obliged to you for inserting the above parti- 
culars, which Tam very anxious to submit to my old 
friends, so.that they may judge the class of people I had 
to deal with. 

Yours faithfully, 
HERMANN .Loog. 

85, Finsbury Pavement, London, E.C., 

October 29th, 1894. 








FRISTER & ROSSMANN AND THE SINGER 
COMPAN Y. 


We have before us a copy of Frister & Rossmann's 
balance-sheet and report for 1893, which, like its prede- 
cessors for years past, is very unpleasant reading for the 
shareholders. The exact figures being given elsewhere, 
we shall here content’ ourselves with giving an extract 
from the report. 

The directors of Frister & Rossmann say :— 

Our export of sewing machines to Great Britain and 
the British Colonies was well maintained, our sales amount- 
ing to about 11,000 machines for the year. ‘We note also 


that our English connection includes some of the first 


and most trustworthy firms in the country. 

The trade results for the first three months of the cur- 
rent financial year lead us to expect an extension of trade 
in Great Britain for 1894, as the first quarter shows an 


_ increase. 


This favourable result was partly due to the special 
shows of sewing machines arranged at our customers’ 
shops in London chiefly, and at small proportionate out- 
lay, as many as 1,000 machines having been on public 
view. 


Dy eer ea 





Nov. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


15 





Unfortunately we could not avoid in the year previous 
becoming involved in an unexpected action with the 
Singer Manufacturing Company through the alleged 
application of the term ‘Singer ’’ to the sewing machines 
made on this system. Having obtained a judgment in the 
House of Lords in 1882 after a tedious lawsuit through 
several Courts, by which distinct authority was given us 
to mark the machines inade by us after the Singer system 
as such, the recent action by the Singer Manufacturing 
Company was determined against us by a single judge in 
the first instance without regard to the judgment in our 
favour of the highest English Court of Justice. 

On considering that, at the best, an appeal against this 
decision (iavolving great sacrifice of time, money, and 
labour) would merely have the effect of restoring the 
earlier decision, and seeing the excellent reputation which 
our sewing machines continue to enjoy in Great Britain, 
we havedecided in future to renounce the name “ Singer ”’ 
as worthless to us, and not to push the lawsuit with the 
Singer Manufacturing Company any further. 


JONES “ C. S.” MACHINE. 


We hear that the “C.S.’’ machine introduced by 
Jones’ Sewing Machine Company early in the present 
year has met with remarkable success. Our readers will 
remember that we referred to it in terms of great praise, 
and the experience of both the trade and the public has 
fully justified our remarks. The machine is light 
running and silent to a degree that must really be tested 
to be thoroughly appreciated, and we consider it a matter 
for congratulation that such a fine machine should 
emanate from an English factory, 

Jones’ have, by the way, received a gold medal for the 
machines they sent to the recent Lyons Exhibition. 








SHIDEL ANIL NAUMANN'S TRADE. 


Messrs. Seidel & Naumann, of Dresden, and 23, Moor 
Lane, London, E.C., have just issued a new illustrated 
catalogue showing their different classes of hand and 
treadle machines for family and manufacturing purposes. 
We notice that the treadle machines are fitted with a new 
ornamental stand, which has a very strong and artistic 
appearance, and this firm’s patent footrest, which isa very 
practical apparatus, can be fitted to the stand ; also they 
havea patent pincushion in the table of the machine. 
Seidel & Naumann’s machines are now too well known to 
our readers to require description or commendation 
either for quality or finish, and the same remark applies 
to both the heads and woodwork. 

In the catalogue now before us, there isalso given full 
particulars concerning this firm’s musical ins!rument de- 
partment, and we find some novelties; for instance, the 
“Gloriosa” self-playing musical box, which we should 
think is avery good and saleable article for the Christmas 
trade. On the cover of this box there can be fixed bowls 
for flower pots, and also stands with ivory, glass, or nickel- 
plated bowls for fruit, flowers, &c., or if required there can 
be asupport fora Christmas tree. made to fit into this. 
Another of the many novelties is a revolving motor, which 
can be had in various sizes for shop windows. When 
wound up it will revolve for about ten hours. This is a 
very good apparatus for advertising goods in shop 
windows. 

As to Seidel & Naumann’s cycles, we hear good reports, 
and we note that their production the past season was not 
less than 13,000 machines. ‘This firm’s cycles have beaten 
several records, notably the one between’ St. Petersburg 
and Paris. Mr. Steinfeldtrode the Naumann“ Germania” 
from the Russian tothe French capital, 1,9¢0 miles, in 
12 days 20 hours 42 minutes, without changing his 
machine, which is 35 hours less time than the cyclist 
Terront did itin last year. 

In another race, Bale to Clive, 400 miles, Mr. Gutknecht 
arrived at the point only + minute later than the winner, 
and he rode the whole distance without changing the 
Naumann “ Germania,” whilst the other cyclist changed 
several times. 

Previous to this Mr. Hausadel, a gentleman 56 years of 
age,,rode a Naumann tricycle through the whole of 
Germany and Italy as far as Naples, and returned through 
Switzerland and France back to Germany, the distance 
being 10,085 kilometres (6,310 English miles). 


Germany with 181 lbs. weight, and returned with 148 lbs. 
in very good health, and had never required repairs to his 
machine. 

Seidel & Naumann are now entitled to rank as the 
largest manufacturers on the Continent of both sewing 
machines aud cycles, 








DARNING ATTACHMENT FOR SEWING 
MACHINES. 

We notice in the last number of our Chicago contem- 
porary acutting from The Rechmond Times, of Richmond, 
Virginia, U.S.A., on the subject of a darning attachment 
for sewing machines. Unfortunately no details as to con- 
struction are given, so that we cannot form any opinion 
as to the merits of the invention. Mr. Hill should be 
told, however, that he is not the first inventor of a darn- 


ing apparatus for use with the sewing machine. Not to 
mention others, Messrs. Seidel & Naumann have 
supplied such an invention for several years. We are 


also able to state that Mr. James Robertson, the inventor 
of the hemstitch machine, was at work on a darning 
attachment just before his death a few months ago. We 
follow on with a reproduction of the article in the 
American papers :— 

It has been many years since anything has been invented 
to be used in connection with the family sewing machine 
that will be welcomed with more delight by the ladies in 
every land where the sewing machine is used than the 
simple, practical, useful and common-sense device recently 
invented and patented by Mr. G. Powell Hill, of Rich- 
mond, Va. It is a device, or, if you choose to call it, ‘‘an 
attachment,” for darning hosiery—z.e., socks and stockings 
—on the ordinary family sewing machine, matters not in 
what part of the sock or stocking the holes may be, and 
so simple and practical that even a child can use it 
requiring no special adjustment of the sewing machine 
other than to remove the foot. 

Ju:t think of it, ye mothers, wives, daughters and aunts, 
and ye old bachelors, too, who, for unnumbered years, 
have been hoping for deliverance from the wearisome and 
thankless task of darning by the old and slow method 
that has been in vogue for centuries. No more weary 
eyes, tired fingers, and dizzy heads. What has hereto- 
fore required many hours to perform may now be done in 
less than one-fourth the time, and far better than by 
hand. The Richmond Times of May, in alluding to Mr. 
Hill’s invention, humorously dubbed it ‘‘ {fo Civilize 
Jerry,” doubtless having in mind a certain distinguished 
representative from one of the North-western States 
known as the sockless Congressman, of whom it has 
been said, ‘‘He does not wear socks.” Why he 
abjures the use of such an indispensable part of the wear- 
ing apparel of all civilised nations is a question not 
explained, but may, perhaps, be attributed to the fact 
that he experienced so much difficulty in having his 
socks darned that he prefers to discard their use entirely. 

Mr. Hill’s inven‘'on has possibly suggested the idea to 
the Zzmes reporicc that it would enable ‘‘the’’ ex- 
Secretary and Congressman to darn his own socks, 
and by adopting the use of them thus place himself 
within the pale of civilisation. Be that as it may, Mr. 
Hill claims for his invention a higher mission than the 
civilisation of any one being. He claims for it the lessen- 
ing of the labours and deliverance from the bondage 
imposed on the mothers, wives, and daughters of our 
land, not forgetting the old bachelors, who are unable to 
find a helpmate to cheer their lonely hours and darn their 
socks. They can now do their own darning with one of 
these useful little attachments. 

Being asked how he happened to invent a darner he 
replied about as follows :— 

“Tt was a very distressing bereavement in my family 
that directed my attention and nerved my efforts to 
relieve my almost heart-broken wife of some of her 
domestic duties. For many years it has been her custom 
to mend the family hosiery on Saturday afternoons. 
Advancing age necessitating the use of glasses rendered it 
very difficult for her to thread her darning-needle. For 
several years past our only daughter would seat herself 
by her mother’s side and read aloud to her while she did 
the darning, the daughter threading the needle when 
needed. We had but recently lost our eldest son, and 
within a year thereafter the angel of death again entered 


He left | our family circle and took from us the light and joy 







































































16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


of our home, ‘ our only daughter,’ leaving my poor wife 
almost crushed. About six months after this last bereave- 
ment my wife resumed her accustomed Saturday after- 
noon work, z.e., the mending of the family hosiery. She 
was seated at a window back of where I was seated, but a 
mirror in front of me reflected her face as plainly as if I 
were facing her. Ihad beea reading a magazine, and had 
given but little attention to what she wasdoing. Casting 
my eyes at the mirror, I saw that she was vainly trying to 
thread the darning needle. At first I felt a little amused 
at her efforts, and waited to see how long it would take 
her to thread the needle. Finding that she could not 
thread it, I said to her, ‘Do not bother about that.’ 
She replied, ‘I want to mend these for him to wear 
to-morrow,’ meaning our youngest son. I told her I 
would go out and buy him a new pair if he needed them. 
She declined to put up the work. I resumed my reading, 
and about five minutes later looked up and saw that she 
was still trying to thread the needle. But I saw more 
than that—egreat tears were ccursing down her cheeks, 
and I knew at once she was thinking of our beloved 
daughter, upon whom she had so often called to thread 
the needle for her. Isprang to her side and took the 
work from her, and told her that she must not do it. 
She insisted that they must be darned for our boy to put 
on Sunday morning, and refused to let me buy a new 
pair for him. Then I told her I would darn them, or try 
to do so. She wanted him to have that particular pair of 
socks to wear. I took the foot off of her sewing machine, 
and after much difficulty I managed to darn up a hole in 
the heel of one of the socks. The greatest difficulty was 


to keep the leg of the sock out of the way, and I said to 


myself, ‘If I only had two more hands how easily I could 
accomplish the work !’ and wondered why something had 
never been invented for that purpose, and determined to 
try my hand at getting some kind of a device that would 
accomplish the purpose. Monday morning I commenced 
my experiments, and after several days succeeded 
in making a crude~ model. I 
it- answered beyond my expectations. Realising 
its great usefulness, and the extensive field for 
such an invention, I determined to apply for a 
patent, if such a thing had not already been patented 
(L. had never heard: of one). I went to Washing- 
ton, and with the assistance of an attorney, I found that 
no patent had ever been granted for such a device. I 
made my application, and in due course received my 
patent, and can see no reason why Ishould not reap some 
benefit from this heritage from the great bereavement 
that has fallen upon my once happy household.” 





A NEW WHOLESALE AGENCY. 


Mr. A. Mayer has just taken premises at 22, Paper 
Street, Red Cross Street, London, E.C., where he will 
keep on hand for dealers a stock of sewing machines, parts, 
needles, &c. He has been in the German sewing machine 
trade some ten years, and thoroughly understands the 
business. 

Mr. Mayer will specially concern himseif with the sale 
of machines made by Koch & Co., of Bielefeld, whose 
specialities are the “ Adler,” illustrated on another page, 
and the “ Colibri,” which is an elastic machine possessing 
several improvements.on other shoe repairing machines. 





THE W. & W. COMPANY'S NEW PREALLSES. 


The Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company are 
now in full occupation of both their new wholesale 
premises at 6,7, 8,9, 10, and ir, Pau! Street, Finsbury, 
and their retail shop at 128, Cheapside, E.C. The head- 
quarters in Finsbury were specially built to suit the Com- 
pany’s business, and consist of five capacious floors divided 
into numerous rooms or departments. The mechanics’ shop 
and the engine-room are in the basement. On the ground 
floor is the counting-house, together with two private 
offices and an extensive storeroom for stationery. The 
first floor is partly used as a showroom,where canbe tested 
either by foot or power any of the W. & W. machines, 
and is, in fact, a model factory. The rest of this floor is 
devoted to parts and accessories, and to a stock of power 
fittings. [he two other floors above are used as ware- 
houses, and are reached by means of a powerful lift or a 
stone staircase. 


tried it and found | 


Nov. 1, 1894. - 


These premises are admirably adapted for their purpose, 
and are supplied throughout with power and the electric 
light. We hope to illustrate the building and give further 
details in our next issue. 

This Company’s new retatl shop is not quite completed, 
but it bids fair to be not only the Jargest but the hand- 
somest in the country. Jt is really magnificently fitted 
up, and one end of it is intended asa parlour, which will 
be luxurious in its appointments. The finishing touches 
are now being given to the retail showroom, and we hold 
over a full report of same until our ext issue. 








THE STANLEY SHOW. 

Our readers will not forget that the Stanley Show 
opens on the 23rd inst., and closes on December rst. Mr. 
Lamb, its energetic secretary, informs usthat not only is 
all the space in the cycle department already taken, but - 
the sewing machine section, to which we have previously 
referred, will be occupied by nearly all the leading manu- 
facturers. He promises visitors numerous novelties well 
worthy of their attention, and is making every prepara- 
tion for their comfort. Excursion trains will run from all 
parts of the'country, and special travelling arrangements 
are being made for the benefit of Continental firms. 

During the show week a congress of the cycle trade 
will be held under the auspices of the newly-formed 
Cycle Agents’ Union. 

We cannot at present give a complete list of the 
exhibitors in either the cycle or sewing machine sections, 
but areassured that the exhibitors will be thoroughly repre- 
sentative, and that the Coventry Machinists Company 
are exhibiting at the ‘‘Stanley”’ in preference to the 
“National ’’as formerly. It is obvious that as the Paris 
show clashes with the latter, the ‘‘ Stanley’? may reason- 
ably expect to attract the bulk of the foreign visitors. 








COMMUNICATIONS FOR THIS COLUMN SOLICITED FROM ANY 
Pf£RSON IN THE TRADE. 

Bangor, co. Down.—Mr. Jas. H. Savage has dis- 
continued selling sewing machines. 

Buckie, NV.B.—Messrs. J. & R. Mortimer, ironmongers, 
and dealers in cycles, prams., mail carts, and wringing 
machines, have closed their shop in Baron Street. 

Curk.—Messrs. Cock Bros., ironmongers, do not now 


stock either prams., mail carts, or wringing machines. 


Dunfermline—Mr. J. McGhie, of 129, High Street, 
has discontinued selling sewing machines. 

Ennis.—Mrs. My. Clancy, stationer, Mill Street, has - 
given up the sale of prams, mail carts, and sewing 
machines, but still does business in jewellery and musical 
instruments. : 

Enniscorthy.—Mr. B. Murphy, woollen draper, Market 
Square, has given up the sale of sewing machines. 

Guernsey.—Mr. 1. C. Royle, stationer, Arcade Library, 
has discontinued selling prams. and mail carts. 

Inverness.—Mr. E. Todd, basketmaker, 5, Vennel, 
does not now sell prams. or mail carts. 

Lanark, V.B.—Mr. J. D. Morris, stationer, has ceased 
to sell prams. or mail carts. 

Mountain Ash, Glam —Vhe firm of Austin & Thomas, 
dealers in cycles, prams., and mail carts, 3r, Commercial 
Street, has ceased to exist, and Mr. Chas. Austin is now 
carrying on the business. 

Muirkirk.—The ironmongery business lately owned by 
Mr. Thos. Law at Main Street, is now carried on by Mr. 
Jas. Dale, who also retails prams., mail carts, and wring- 
ing machines, 

Newry.—Messrs. Thos. P. Ledlie & Co., drapers, &c., 
5, North Street, have given up the sale of furniture, 
prams., and maii carts. They, however, continue to 
supply sewing machines. 

S/zgo.—Mr. Francis Nelson, jeweller, ironmonger, and 
dealer in musical instruments, prams., mail carts, and 
wriuging machines, 42, Castle Street, has taken up the 
sale of cycles. 

Swansea.—Mr. B.D, Ward, house furnisher, 18 and 
29, Goat Street, has ceased to sell musical instruments, 
wringing machines, prams., and mail carts. : 

T'enbury.—The business of Messrs. Grover & Wheeler, 
drapers and dealers in furniture, sewing and knitting 
machines, prams., and mail carts, of Teme Street and 
Market Street, is now being carried on by Mr. G. E, 


Wheeler. 








- head is the smallest hitherto 


Ov. I, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


H. KOCH & CO.., Bieereld 


SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS. 


































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































THE “ ADLER ” SEWING “MACHINE 


FOR FAMILY AND MANUFACTURING PURPOSES. 


Rotary Motion, Latest Improvements, Very Hapid, Highly 
Finished, and most Durable. - 


4 EVERY MACHINE GUARANTEED. + 


SPECIALITIES— 


SEWING MACHINES FOR BOOTMAKERS, 


SADDLERS, &c., 


FOR LIGHT AND HEAWY WORK. 





The length of arm of the 
above machine is 16 in. ; the 


possessed by any other Elastic 
machine of older construction. 
The shuttle does not wear ont, 
produced, being smaller than a as it lies immovably in the 
sixpenny piece, thus enabling cylinder ; this is also a great 
repairs of the smallest shoes to feature, as other Elastic machines 
be done. The stitch is beautiful 


and uniform, feeding on or from 


are subject to great wear and 
tear of shuttles, shuttle drivers, 
the cylinder in any direction ; and cogs, causing frequent 


this is a great advantage not repairs. 





_ Sole Agent for Home and Export— 


A. MAYER, 


22, Paper Street, Red Cross Street, London, E.C. 






















































































































































































18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Nov. t, 1894. 





DEPOGLATION OF EBX-CANVASSERS re 
TRADES ‘CNLONT SIM: 


A deputation, consisting of Messrs. John Simmons, 
Byrne, and Ross, waited on Mr. Weaving, the representa- 
tive of the Singer Manufacturing Company in Dublin, on 
the 19th ult., in reference to some friction that had arisen 
about the dismissal of some of the employ2s of the com- 
pany. The superintendents were all present, and the 


deputation was introduced to them by Mr. Weaving, | 


who said he wished that they should-be present in con- 

sequence of some of the allegations that had been made. 
Mr. Simmons said that the Collectors and Salesmen’s 

Union had been recently affliated to the Trades Council. 


The grievance about which they had to complain was | 


that men had been dismissed on the grounds that they 
were trade unionists. The Government recognised trades 
unionism, and all the principal traders in the city as well. 


If these men had been dismissed by the Singer Company | 


on the grounds of their being trades unionists, it. was a 
serious grievance indeed ; if for other reasons, why, that 
would give a totally different complexion to the transac- 
tion. He would like to hear the manager’s explanation 
of the matter. 

Mr. Weaying said that he was only too happy to 
auswer Mr. Simmons. He 


company. In regard to the disemployment of the men 


about which Mr. Simmons and the deputation com: | 
plained, it had nothing whatever to do with their being | 


members of a trades union. Had an explanation been 


sought at the time those men were dismissed it would | 


have been forthcoming, and any necessity for a deputa- 


tion would, therefore, have been obviated. The nature | 


of the business necessitated their changing hands con- 
stantly, accordingly as they found them competent er 
otherwise. 


they were trades unionists. 
VW 


society man. 
Messrs. Doyle and Curhay, employes of the company, 


ledge of the dismissed men being members of the society, 
which they denied. 

The manager, Mr. Weaving, in continuing his remarks, 
said that dismissal depended on conduct or efficiency. 
Mr. Power, the gentleman objected to, had earned the 
highest tribute from the various superintendents. Mr. 
Power had raised: the weekly average of receipts from 
£28 to £46, which meant a substantial benefit to the 
employes all round. He could not undertake to interfere 
with 63 men at the dictation of five, nor could he take 
back the men who had left their employment. : 

The deputation then withdrew. 








A NEW V. fF. TWO-NEEDLE MACHINE. 


The Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Company have 
the past few years been very successful with their “A” 
manufacturing sewing machine. 
altered, whilst also supplying their single needle manufac- 
turing machine, so that it will produce two rows of sewing 
simultaneously or a single row as required, and their 
mechanism differs materially from other two-needle 
machines. 
at the present moment, but, briefly described, they make 
the bed-plate in two pieces, the dividing line being just 
on the left of the needle used for single seam sewing. 
The left-hand portion of the bed-plate is attached to 
the main part of the bed-plate in such a manner that 
the space between them can be readily widened, and the 
same remarks apply to the feed and needle bars, also to 
the additional shuttle which is used when both needles 
are employed. The second needle is set for the parallel 
rows of sewing to be one-eighth of an inch distant from 
each other, but by sliding the feed and needle bars, 
shuttle, and bed-plate annex to the left, the distance can 
be increased to three-quarters of an inch. It is obvious 
that this method of converting a single needle machine 


a 


was anxious to court the | 
fullest publicity, and therefore invited a gentleman of the | 
Press to be present, as well as the superintendents of the | 


There was not a scintilla of foundation for | 
the statement that those men had been dismissed because | 
No distinction had ever | 
been made between society or non-society men, and no | 
man had been dismissed on account of his being a | 
! machine can be lowered. 


: ) into two parts, the hind portion, to which the machine is 
were then questioned as to whether they had any know- | 


This they have now | 


We are not able to illustrate the machine | 





to a double seamer is very simple, and as a single 
take-up is used the top tension is uniform, and as to the 
bottom tension this can, of course, be easily regulated. 
Several manufacturers have already placed orders for 
this machine, and they will, we feel assured, find it give 


_them every satisfaction. 


Whilst referring to the Vertical Feed Company we 
might state that their new drop stand, which they intro- 
duced a few months ago, has met with uncommon 
success. We give illustrations showing the machine 
both exposed ready for work and let down out of sight, 
whereby the table has a flat top, and can be used for a 






















































































































































































































































































= 
— 
<A 


LEX 
PTET ey sr, 































































































































































































































































































variety of purposes. One of the best features about 
this form of drop stand is the safety with which the 
It has a wood base, divided 
To 


attached, resting on a ledge cut on the front portion. 


| retire the machine all it is necessary to do is to throw 


the belt off the balance wheei, slightly tilt back the 





































































































































































































































































































































































































machine, then fold forward the front part of the base, 
which will then permit the head to descend. In order, 
however, that the machine shall not descend too 
quickly a strong spring is used, which effectually resists 
a suddendescent. Both the“ V. F.’’ and the ‘ Advance ”’ 
machines can be had fitted to this new stand, and the 
additional cost over the ordinary cover is about 10 per 
cent. It can be seen in walnut, oak, &c., at the com- 
pany’s head office, 24, Aldersgate Street, H.C. 

Mr. Geo. W. Phillips, the company’s manager for the 
United Kingdom, &c., informs us that a goid medal 
has been awarded for the “‘ Vertical Feed” and‘‘ Advance” 
machines, shown at the recent Lyons Exhibition. 





Nov. 1 and Sewing Machine Gazet 


“SINGER’S 
SEWING MACHINES. 


POPSOSPS SOSH SPSSHHPSHHS SS HSOSOSS OS SO SHH H POOP O SOSH OOOH HSHOHOOOOHOOOS 


The Singer Manufacturing Co 


HAVE THE 


GREATEST RANGE OF SEWING MAGHINES 


FOR 


ALL CLASSES of SEWING, 


FROM 

DELICATE ART WORK, | 

AND PLAIN SEWING, 
TO 


THE HEAVIEST & THICKEST MANUFACTURING WORK. 











POPPPOOSO SHPO SOOO POSH SOSH OO OOOOH OOOO OHHOOOHOOOD 


OVER TWELVE MILLION 
MADE AND SOLD. 











Machines of Anybody’s Make Taken in Part Exchange. 


City Show Room 147, CHEAPSIDE, E.C. 


BRANCH OFFICES ALL -OvER THE WORLD. 





26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Nov. 1, 1894. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


Al) AS SUPPLIED 

i TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 
es Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
A AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 

CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON DEFRICATION, AND NS ETON INVITED. 


THE “BELL” ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD. 
5 NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W. 


- HARROP’S 
Greatest ole in baby Coachbuilding. 





































Patent a ee if 
Soe ‘= au) No Dealer 
Combination dey oa bi gee 
BABY i} cf nS should be 











CARRIAGE 


“AND 


MAIL CART. 


without one 


ais} GE) oe e0esseesnseegeese 
eo ye S| a 
i eo LISTS SUPPLIED 
ead ON 
ae b 
& aN APPLICATION. 
TX SP \7 


55, TIB | Esa (off OLDHAM STREET), 


ee eee ss 


| 
| = SPECIAL ‘SUMMER OFFER. — 
BRASS and IRON CANOPY FRAMES 


| For Mail Carts and Bassinettes. 


PLAIN and FANCY CANOPY COVERS 
In a Variety of PUESET: 
Ww. FOSTER « co., 
46, BARR STREET, Eerie oa 
' The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 


dy 
eee ee | 








Convertible to 


q pe celbions: 






































Nov, 1, 1894, 








THE 


American Wringer (0, 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE C0.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 






























































The ‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 


The “ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very | 


lest materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 


The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSHHOLD”’ WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 


The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 


Considering the quality of the materials used, the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” 
W RINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


BOO OOOO 0O9S99090056955000060000000008 


WHAT IS THIS? 











This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle, 
We guarantee all 


rollers in our ma- 








chines to have an 
equal thickness of 
rubber to that shown 


in the sketch. 





LIPID DADD LD DALAL SSS 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed in iron. They ave in themselves 

a - ree é . 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 


aa 





Onr new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER CO, 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 


a 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 


GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
a Glove Knitter in the Market. 









SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with specia 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





SWIFT GOLD MEDAb 


Noes tect 


WOOL, SILK, or COTTON, JNSTAUC- 


NEW HARRISON - 




















TIONS FREE. Lists 2d. per prst 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. Tbe on'g 
* WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and 22 other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINF CO, 
Works: 48, Up:er Brook St.. Matucbester. 


The New 


3 ROTHWELL KNITTER 


v —) is the only machine in the world 
( which can knit every garment 
> that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what could be done on the 
“New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and thousands of !aties- 
who have entirely abolished hand koitting are now earning go d 
incomes af their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything in eitner silk, wool, or cotton. 

Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell & Co, , Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 































There is little fresh in the cycle trade to report this 
month, except that the manufacturers are busy preparing 
for the forthcoming exhibitions. 

* * 

The Humber Company have not done so badly the 
past year. Their profit was £41,000, and their dividend 
Io per cent. 


* * 

Mr. R. L. Philpot has joined yet another leading cycle 
firm, that of the Coventry Machinists Company, Limited, 
as managing director. : 

* * 

The Quinton Cycle Company, Limited, have made a 
profit during their financial year of £4,572 1s. rod., and 
have paid a dividend of 74 per cent. 


: 

The Premier Cycle Company, Limited (Hillman, 
Herbert, & Cooper) announce themselves as the largest 
cycle manufacturers in the world. During the past season 
they made and sold 20,000 “ Premiers.”’ 


Dealers requiring cycle parts and fittings will note 
that Messrs. Phillips & Co. have greatly ealarged their 
premises at 49, Farringdon Street, E.C., and now keep 
in stock everything required by the cycle trade. 

~~ * 


* 

We have several times referred to the trouble caused 
through defective chains. The latest novelty in this 
department is the use of specially hardened knife-edged 
pivots instead of round rivets by the Cycle Components 
Manufacturing Company, of Birmingham. 


Humber’s will show at the “ National ” their new frame, 
which has been patented throughout the world. The 
diagonal tube which runs from the saddlelug to the 
crank bracket is continued in the same direction some 
three inches or so below the bracket, and from it an extra 
couple of very light tubular compression stays run to the 
centre of the back wheel. Two straight front bones are 
used, one runs from the top of the head to the diagonal 
above the crank bracket, and the other from the bottom 
of the head to the end of the diagonal delow the bracket. 
The ordinary horizontal bottom tubes start from either 






















































































22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Nov. I, 1894. 


Ce 


side of the back wheel as usual. After clearing the tyre 

' they come together, and one passes on either side of the 
diagonal and the top front bone being brazed to each as 
they pass by lugs, and continuing forward, the bottom 
stays finish their career in lugs brazed to each side of the 
bottom front bone. It is obvious that this frame is 
specially intended for ladies, but it is considered strong 
enough for both sexes. 


x OK 


* 

We should hope that no other dealer is in the habit of 
treating his customers as was disclosed in the Highgate 
Police Court last week. Charles Barmore, cycle dealer, 
North Finchley, then failed to appear to two summonses 
charging him with detaining bicycles.—George Dimmok, 
of Midland Cottages, Mill Hill, said that eight weeks ago 
he left with the defendant a bicycle; valued at £5 r5s., 
for repair, and had been unable to get it back. Defendant 
told him that he took the bicycle to a London firm to 
whom he owed money, and that the firm would not re- 
turn the machine uutil he paid the debt.—Walter 
Edwards, of Torrington Place, High Road, North Finch- 
ley, said he left his bicycle, worth. £8, with the defendant 
for repairs. That was as long ago as July 26th, and 
although he had gone for it time after time, he could not 
get it returned.—Mr. H. W. Milnes, solicitor, who ap- 
peared for Edwards, said the defendant had sent the 
bicycle to some firm in Farringdon Street, but his client 
had not been able to trace the place.—Mr. Homan (to 
Edwards) : When you took your bicycle to the defendant, 
did you expect him to repair it on his own premises ?— 
Edwards: No.—Mr. Homan: You knew he was going to 
send it elsewhere ?—Edwards: Yes.—In reply to the 
Chairman, both complainants said the defendant had no 
counter-claim against them.—Dimmok, in answer to the 
Bench, repeated his statement that defendant told him he 
had sent the bicycle to some place in the City in payment 
of a debt, and that he was unable to get it back.—The 
Bench in the case of Dimmok issued a warrant for his 
apprehension ; the other case was adjourned.—On the 
following day Barmore was brought up in custody, before 
W. P. Bodkin, Esq.,on a charge of converting to his own 
use, whilst bailee, a bicycle, the property of George Dim- 
mok.—The evidence given on the previous day was read 
over.— Mr. Forbes, for the prisoner, said his client had 
acted very foolishly. Prisoner was not a man of business, 
and forsome reason he did not return the bicycle, although 
he was perfectly willing to do so.—The magistrate dis- 
charged the prisoner, who undertook to return the bicycle, 
and pay the Court costs and Dimmok’s expenses. 



















aM 


{ 
‘sii 
SUID 


——— 


fr 





The musical instrument trade has opened well, and 
everything points to a satisfactory season. Most of the 
factories are now working full time. 

x * 


= 
Messrs. White & Hicks, of Birkbeck Road, Kingsland, 
N., are introducing a new pianette to sell at a popular 
price. : 
Messrs. John Strong & Co. have enlarged their premises 
in Seymour Street, Euston Square, N.W., and in addition 
to their own make of pianos keep in stock numerous other 


instruments by leading firms. 
* * 


* 

Messrs. B. Squire & Son have now completed their 
new piano factory in Stanhope Street, rendered necessary 
by their disastrous fire last year, and it is undoubtedly 
one of the largest and most complete in the country. 


* 


* 

The second Musical Exhibition at the Royal Aquarium, 
London, S.W., opens on December 12th, and closes on 
January 19th. Numerous firms have taken space, and 
the exhibits of modern as well as ancient. instruments 
promises to be interesting and instructive. 

- x * 


The new catalogue of the Kimball Organ Company 
can now be obtained of the agent, Mr. R. Marples, 7, 
- Cripplegate Buildings, London, E.C. Among its.contents 
we specially notice a range of portable pipe organs, which, 





although of too slow sale to be stocked to any extent by 
dealers, particulars should be kept on hand at least in 
catalogue form. 


“ * 


We referred last month to Messrs. H. Peters and Co,’s 
catalogue as being uncommonly useful to dealers. A 
second perusal confirms our first impression, and we again 
recommend our readers to obtain a copy from the whole- 
sale agents, Messrs. Henry Klein & Co., 84, Oxford 
Street, W. The book consists of close on 100 pages, and 
contains illustrations and descriptions of an almost endless 
variety of “small goods.” 








THE CHERRY TREE COMPANY'S NEW 
MANGLES. 


The Cherry Tree Machine Company’s “Spray” 
Washer, Mr. Johns informs us, has met with such 
remarkable success that his company are introducing 














































































ei 
Ws 
i 


two new forms of mangle, both of which we illustrate. 
One of these is called the ‘ May,” and, as our readers will 
observe, is a flat-top machine, with spiral springs. 

The other novelty is the ‘ York” mangle, and _ its 
special feature is a solid wrought-iron frame, which in 
































[ PATENT: 





appearance resembles the tubular, but is certainly stronger 
and more durable. Both these mangles can be seen at 
the company’s London address, 59, Holborn Viaduct, E.C. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


STANLEY SHO W. 


isOoc4d. 


The 13th ANNUAL EXHIBITION 


Cycles, Cycle Accessories, 
Cycle-making Machinery, 
Photographic Appliances, 
AND 


SEWING MACHINES, 


WIEE BE HELD AT THE 


ROYAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, 


ISLINGTON, WNi., 


Noy. 23 to Dec. 1, 1894, 


INCLUSIVE. 
EIGHT DAYS AS USUAL. 
Recognised by the Press, Public, Agents, Buyers, 
and Cyclists, all over the World, as 


THE TRADE EXHIBITION 


and pl promises this year to eclipse all previous 
STANLEY SHOWS. 


ee 

















The Committee have set apart the East End of 
the Main Gallery specially for the Exhibition of 


SEWING MACHINES. 


ALL THE LEADING SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS HAVE ALREADY 
BOOKED SPACE. 
Applications for Space, which is limited, should 
be made at once, and all particulars to be had of 


E. A. LAMB, Secretary, 


57, CHANCERY LANE, W.C. 


















































24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 
SBT kr Bats ai ais ak i ghee 


A NEW MANGLEH COMPANY. 


A new concern, called the Shefficld Washing Machine 
Company, Limited, has been registered by Taylor & Co., 
17, Thavies Inn, Holborn, with a capital of £5,000, in £1 
shares. Its objects are to adopt an agreement, made 
August 29th, 1894, between S. Skerritt and H. James, of 
the one part, and R. G. Berryman, on behalf of this 
company, of the other part, for the acquisition, by 
purchase, of certain patents relating to improvements in 
washing, wringing, and mangling machines, and to 
develop and turn to account the same. 








es 

Messrs. Lloyd & Co., of the Borough, S.E., have been 
holding a special show of strong teys. We were really 
astounded at the lowness of their prices for wheelbarrows, 
engines, cars, tricycles, dolls’-heuses, &c., &c., and these 
toys appeared to be well made, and they were certainly 
well finished. Any of our readers desirous ot brightening 
up their windows during Christmastide with seasonable 
presents, at popular prices, should get Lloyd’s list, or 
preferably see their samples, and we doubt not that they 
will give the irrepressible Borough manufacturer a line 
to their mutual advantage. 

* ok 

The pram. season of 1893 now being over, we 
are fairly at liberty to ‘size it up,” and in so doing we 
cannot forbear branding it as the worst on record. The 
percentage of carts to bassinettes was certainly the highest 
vet reached, and the trade have now made up their minds 
that the public taste has set in strongly for carts, not only 
for boys and girls, but also for mere infants. It is a 
curious commentary on human nature, but absolutely 
correct, that many persons who willingly propel a mail- 
cart refuse to be seen wheeling a bassinette. The former 
they consider a toy, Fut the latter as a mere nursery con- 
venience. It is astonishing that a pair of shafts should 
make so grcat a difference in the feelings of the public. 
Tt certainly must be the shafts which determine what is 
proper and whatis not,as the bodies of a mail-cart are 
become almost indistinguishable from those of a bas- 
simette. 

Mapes 

Mr. W. S. Gilbert, in his new comic Opera, makes one 
of his puppets aver that the mine of wit and humour is 
worked out. But judging from a conversation we over- 
heard the other day between a perambulator maker and 
his customer, there is still some humour to be extracted 
from commeicial enterprises :-— : 

The pram. dealer said to his wholesale firm, 
*T have come to see you with reference to that new mail- 
cart I bought of you. Well, I sold it, which was both 
fortunate and unfortunate. The two children for whom 
it was intended of course fell out and broke their necks. 
The insurance money came in very useful for the parerts, 
and their black suits their complexions admirably, and 


they havereccmmended me to their friends, so that I ex- | 


pect to do a good business in that cart. It was an unfor- 


‘tunate sale for me, however, as the local insurance agents 


are thirsting for my gore, and my life is becoming far too 
eventful to be pleasant.” 

The moral, so far as we can understand it, which the 
dealer wished to teach, is that the seats of mail-carts are 
often fixed too high for the safety of young children. 











































































































Mr. G. H. Hughes, the well-known pram. wheel manu- 
facturer, was last week again returned as a member of the 
Birmingham City Council, and without opposition. 

OOK 


Mr. Hughes, we might add, is chairman of the St. 
George’s Engineering Company, and recently had the 
pleasing news to impart to the shareholders that in spite 
of bad trade generally the profits for the year were 
£8,000, which enabled them to pay a dividend of 74 per 
cent, 





Nov. 1, 1894. 





The Singer Company haye divided their southern dis- 
trict into two parts, the inland portion being controlled 
from Chiswell Street, E.C., and the coast district from 
Portsmouth. 


Owing tothe failing health of his wife, Mr. H. Robin- 
son, domestic machinery dealer, of 77, Parkgate, Darling- 
ton, has decided to discontinue his business for the 
present. His address is now 18, Waverley Terrace, 
Darlington. 


*~* 


The Nor’-West Stores, late of Station Road, Willesden 
Junction, N.W., have been removed to 14, High Street, 
Harlesden, where Mr. C. J. Griffith, the proprietor, will 
continue to conduct his domestic machinery and musical 
instrument business, 


x % 


* 

Mr. J. Townsend, late manager of the Singer Com- 
pany’s Darwen depot, has commenced business as a sewing 
machine dealer on his own account at the shop formerly 
occupied by that company in the Circus, Darwen. Mr. 
Townsend will make a gpeciality of Jones’ C.S. machine. 

* ® 


* 

Another employe of the Singer Company, Mr. A. 
Blundell, late superintendent in Chelmsford and district, 
has gone into business for himself, he having taken pre-— 
mises at 14, Hatter Street, Bury St. Edmunds, where he 
willdeal in sewing, washing, wringing, and mangling 
machines, both for cash and on thehiresvstem. 

s * . z 

We have just been shown a new keyless watch, with 
Geneva movement and solid nickel silver case, splendidly 
finished, to retail at three half-crowns, and we consider 
it to be of marvellous value. As it can be sold without 
a silver licence, the firm who have centracted for its 
inanufacture intend offering it tec the sewing machine 
trade. : 


x * 


A 

The Domestic Appliances Company have opened pre- 
mises in Hart Street, Bloomsbury, W.C., and in addition 
tothe well-known Sun Knife-cleaner, they are pushing 
the sale of the ‘Octopus "sink strainer and other articles 
for domestic use. This is a wholesale firm open to 
appoint agents for their manufactures. 


x % 


In reporting the death of Mr. Newton Wilson, the 
New York Sewrng Machine Times says that the “ Story of 
the Sewing Machine” which appeared in our columns 
from his pen may be accepted as a standard authority. 
Our contemporary adds that it fears that there does not 
exist in the United States any person who could write a 
similar history. 

ae 

Both the New Branston Two-Reel Sewing Machine 
Company and the London Sewing Machine Company 
have removed their works into the provinces. The former 
have taken factory premises in Leeds, and are removing 
their plant to that city from St. Luke’s. The London 
Company have made arrangements for their machines 
to be manufactured in Birmingham. 

a x 


ss * 

Messrs. W. Sellers & Sons, of Keighley, are about to 
introduce anew hand machine, constructed after their 
oscillator patent. ‘They have also commenced the manu- 
facture of a new knife-cleaner. We are pleased to hear 
that Mr. William Sellers, the oldest living English 
sewing machine manufacturer, is hale and hearty,although 
approaching the “‘ allotted span.” 


The agents of the Vertical Feed Sewing Machine 
Company in this country and on the Continent, who 
have met Mr, L. A. Johnson, the manager ef the com- 
pany at headquarters, will sympathise with him in his 
sad bereavement on September 26th last. His son 
Edward had just arrived at Ithaca to enter Cornell 
University as a freshman, accompanied by a friend 
named Goodnow. Thetwo lads, on the day mentioned, 
went on the Cayuga Lake in a canoe, and failing to 
return a search was instituted, with the result that only 
on October 5th were the bodies recovered. The burial took 
place on the 7th ult. at Watertown, where the Johnson 
family reside, although since the removal of the Vertical 
Feed Company’s factory to Dayton, Ohio, the father is 
mostly to be found at the latter city. Young Johnson 
is said to have been of a particularly pleasing disposition, 
and an earnest worker in church matters. 





Nov. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


THE LEADING FAMILY SEWING MACHINE. 


WHEELER & WILSON’S No. 9. 


“A Thing of Beauty is a Joy for Ever.” 


25 





































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Teele Linke 
~ SS) ¢ ——— ant ~§ 


WHEELER @w WF'TILSON, 
Note the New Address: 


Chief Offices 5, 6,7, 8 9, 10, & 41, Paul St., Finsbury, London, E.6. 









































































































































26 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Noy. 1, 1894. 





Not having received a copy of Zhe Sewing Machine 
News of New York since June last, we were at a loss to 
know what had become of our worthy contemporary. All 
is now explained in its issue of last month. The Editor 
explains that at the close of the Chicago World’s Fair the 
paper was “thrown out of line,” and that the publisners 
have been more or less hampered aud delayed ever since. 
It was therefore determined, in order to get ‘straight 
to time, to publish ‘‘a trinity of the July, August, and 
September issues.” In. other words, - no papers 
published either in July or August. Mr. Handy 
says that the experiment of letting two numbers 
lapse has been a success, as it has clearly demon- 
strated how much his jourual is looked for by its readers ; 
all of which sounds strange to European ears. However, 
we must say that we have missed our old friend of late, 
and now that it is ahead of time, shall expect to receive 
it more regularly and punctually than during the past 
year. 








Failures and Arrangements. 


W. H. & M. ROBINSON, furniture and perambulator 
dealers, 34, Ardwick Green, Manchester. 
A deed of arrangement was filed herein on October rst. 


Liabilities unsecured, £376 6s. 84d.; assets, £280. 
Among the creditors are the following :— 
: penis wad: 
Midland Perambulator Company, Birmingham ... 17 0 Oo 
Rothschild & Baker, Birmingham 10 0 O 


ROWLAND CHARLES DAVIES, ironmonger and 
dealer in pianos and wringing machines, 26, Charles 
Street, Milford Haven. In the above bankruptcy 
the following are creditors :—- 


pamsoradts 
Cherry Tree Machine Company, Blackburn 10 0 9 
Twiggs, H. W., & Co., Bristol 10 0 Oo 


- JOHN PEARSON ILEY, trading as J. P. ley & Co., 
cycle dealer and general machinist, Sf. James’ Hall, 
Musgrave Street, West Hartlepool. 

A receiving order was granted in the above on October 
2nd, and the debtor adjudicated bankrupt on October 4th. 


ARTHUR REAVILL, perambulator manufacturer, 200) 
High Street, Deritend, Birmingham, 
A first ard final dividend of 1s. 6d. is now being paid 
inthe above at Whitehall Chambers, 23, Colmore Row, 
Birmingham. 


W. McCARTHY (Wm. Hy. Lloyd McCarthy), 
cart manufacturer, 54 and 56, Wood Street, 
thamstow. 

A deed of arrangement, dated October 2nd, was filed on 
October 9th. The unsecured liabilities are given at 
£1,733 10s. 6d. The deed provides for payment of a 
composition of 2s. 6d. in the pound, by two equal instal- 


mail- 


Wal- 


ments, at three and six months, from September 27th, 
1894, secured by the assignee and trustee, Mr. John 
McCarthy, gentleman, Bellair, High Beech, to whom is 
assigned the goodwill, stock, Ree as indemnity. Among 
the creditors are the following o 
JE Bae Gls 
Brown Bros., London Ii7 0 O 
Jackson, Ruston, & Keeson, Teondones 22 0 0 
Noble & Hoare, London : 125 Osmo) 
Pritchard & Englefield, London 60 0 O 
Swainson, Watts, & Co., London SRE (0) = ) 
Austen, Mrs., Canterbury 50 0 O 
Melville, A, Walthamstow ROMO NTO 
McCarthy, Jno. ... 1,300 0 O 
Gould, Ek. H. Hie @). 0) 


GEORGE W. WARNER, dealer in furmture, prams, 
&c., 58 and 58a, Rupert Street, Norwich. 

A deed of arrangement was filed herein on October 
12th. Unsecured liabilities, £862 14s. 4d.; estimated 
net assets, £380; secured creditors, £20. Among 
the creditors are the Midland Perambulator Company, 
Birmingham, £11. A receiving order was granted and 
the debtor adjudicated bankrupt on October 19th. 


HENRY SMITH, cycle agent, domestic machinery and 
hardware dealer, 17, North Street, Guildford. 

A deed of arrangement was filed in the above on 

October 17th. Unsecured liabilities, £620 7s. 6d. ; esti- 


Were 


mated net assets, £404 135. 2d. 


The following are the 
principal creditors :— 


ees 
Caswell, Hy., London : 18 0 Oo 
Joel Cycle Company, London B10). (6) 
Marriott & Cooper, London ; 65 0 0 
Murdoch, J. G. & Co, Limited, London. II 0 0 
White Sewing Machine C ompany, London 42 0 0 
Rippingill & Co., Birminghain 3b 42 0 0 
Smith & Sons, Birmingham 25 0 0 
Buckingham & Adams, Birmingham 14 0 O 
Centaur ‘Cycle Company, Coventry 59° 0) 0 
Raglan Cycle Company, Coventry 10 0 0 
Townend Bros., Coventry ... Bs 17 0 0 
Turner & Fellows, Dudley .. I5 0 O 
Tanner, C. Guildford eee Ome) 
Hardy, Guildford 15, 0-0 
Gammon, Guildford.. a 19 0 O 
Grimwade & Co., Stoke: on-Trent... 19 0 O 
Ford & Co, Surbiton 35 29 0 0 
Marston, J., Wolverhampton 17, 40h One 


‘CHARLES F. G. BOYES, ea instrument dealer 


and cycle agent, 78 and 78a, Darlington Street, and 
8, Brighton Terrace, Merredale Road, Wolver- 
hampton. 

A meeting of creditors herein was held on the 11th 
ult., at the office of the Official Receiver. The debtor _ 
was represented by Mr. G. M. Martin. The summary 
of debtor’s statement of affairs showed gross liabilities 
amounting to £980 15s. 9d., of which 4963 os. gd. was 
expected to rank as unsecured creditors. The assets 
were set at £994 4s. 7d., leaving a surplus, as explained, 
of £31 3s. 10d. <A resolution was passed adjudicating 
the debtor a bankrupt, and it was also stated that he had 
no offer tomake. A trustee and committee of inspection 
were duly appointed. 


ALEXANDER ADDISON & CO., cycle and domestic 
machinery dealers, Silver Grove Street, Glasgow. 
The above have offered 5s. inthe pound, but the 
creditors are demanding 7s. 6d., payable at once. 


COUNTY COURT JUDGMENTS were registered 
on September 20th against Charles Aukers, machine 
dealer, 22, Hospital Street, Nantwich, for £22 17s, 9d., 
and on September 25th against A. D. Crouch, sewing 
machine dealer, 85, Donnington Road, Reading, for 
£10 7s. 1d. 








DISHONEST SALESMEN. 


Durimg the vast month there have bsen several prosecutions of 
canvassers. At Bradford, John Kay, 30, was found guilty of 
embezzling £27 and was sentenced to 14 days with hard labour.— 
William Butterfield was sentenced at Leeds to three months with hard 
labour, and at the North Walsham Petty Sessions J. W. Starkey was 
sent to prison for six weeks with hard labour for embezz'ement. All 
the above were employés of the Singer Manufacturing Co.—John Scarfe, 
cinvasser for King’s Universal Supply Company, was fine] at Southamp- 
ton £2 for stealing a number of watches and rings va ue £18, the 
property of his employ ers. 


CONCERNING SCOTLAND. 


We beg to announce that we have appointed Mr. FRED. DICK50N, 
of 3, Morrison Street, Edinburgh, our Sole Wholesale Agent fixe 
Scotland for our Sewing Machine Needle:, and who will, upon receipt 
of post card, forward per return full list and lowest quotations for 
every kind of Sewing Machine Needle made. 

5. COX & CO;; 


Sewing Machine Needle Manufacturers, Alcester. 











or. GEORGE'S CYCLE COMPANY, 298, Upper 
Street, N., the Cheapest and Best house for cycles, cycle fittings, 
accessories, lamps, bells, saddles, &c., tyres of all kinds, pram. tyres, ~ 
cement, and pram. fittings. Send for our 1894 List which is now 
ready, and will be found the most complete and useful in the trade. 
All repairs, nickel-plating, amd stove - enamelling executed with 
despatch. Our new rubber mud-guard and toe-clip for rubber pedals 


was the novelty of the National Show. 
TT RAVELLER WANTED for the United Kingdom, to 

represent a wholesale firm 3f Sewing Machine and Cycle Manu- 
facturers —Address, stating salary, pelerencss and experience, S., c/o 
Sewing Machine Gazette Office. : 











BELTS. —Round Belts made from best quality 
Leather, 54 to 57 in. (assorted), 16s. per gross; 44 to 48 in, 
14s. - Other sizes equally low. Also in 200 fc. lengths. 
OILS.—Refined Sewing Machine Oil, attractively put up in 4 0z. | 
bottles, at 16s. 6d. per gross. 
J. W. CABLE & CO, 


35, Clerkenwell Road, Lordon. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


“STAR MANUPACTURIN ti 00. ; 


Baby Ca arriage and 
_ Mail Cart Exhibit. 














SALEABLE. 


POSSOSODOOOOO HOSES OOO HOSE DEOL OOOO SOOO OS OHOOOSOOOOOOOD HOO ODOOOOOOO SOE OO$OOOOOOH55 


AGRICULTURAL HALL, ISLINGTON, 


Nov. 23rd to Dec. Ast inclusive. 


OR FEF S : 


GOODINGE ROAD YORK ROAD, LONDON, N. 


























is 





028 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 




















The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 


Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 


Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 

17,638. J. W. Watts, for improvements in latch needle knitting 
machines and in appliances therefor. 3 

17,683. G.H. Scetrini and H. Kk. Bridger, for improvements con- 
nected with shoe sewing machines. 

17,707. A. Anderson, a communication from G. Neidlinger, of 
Germany, for improverents in hemstitch sewing machines. 

17,729. G. R. Peare, for an improved shoe sewing machine. 

17,807. W.S. McLennan and T. Morton, for improvements in 
children’s carriages or mail-carts. 

17,839. W. E. Tyrrell, for improvements in apparatus for use in 
sewing together or stitching parts of shoes and other goods similarly 
stitched. ; : 

17,956. G.L. Rothschild and H. V. Baker, for an improved mail- 
cart convertibleintc a perambulator. 

17,957. If. V. Baker, fcr an improved perambulator or mail-cart, 
htted with pneumatic cushions. 

18,029. F. H. Dodson, for improvements in or connected with 
sewing machines, for lettering, marking, or other fancy stitching. 

18,111. L. H. Smith, for improvements in multiple or gang needle 
sewing machines. 

18,194. J. Mills, for a convertible mail-cart. 

"8,213. H.-H. Lake, a communication from W. M. House, of 
United States, for improvements in sewing machines. Dated September 
25th, 1894. ° 

18,634. G.J. J. Hoffmann, for and on behalf of the Boas King 
Knitting Machine Company, fcr improvements in knitting machines. 


19,012. W. Legge, for improvements in mail-carts and other 
vehicles. . 

19,077. E. Buxtorf, for improvements in knitting machines. 

19,122. A. Anderson, a communication from the Singer Manu- 


facturing Company, of United States, for improvements in sewing 
machines, and feeding mechanism applied thereto. 


GEO. TOWNSEND & 60., 
SEWING MACHINE 


NEEDLE MANUFAGTURERS. 


_ GIVRY WORKS, REDDITCH, 


Adyise the TRADE that they Manufacture none but first quality needles 
for every description of work. Buy no others but those bearing our TRADE 
mark, a WHITE ring on BLUE shank. None genuine but owr make, A 
quantity of Shuttles and Fittings in Stock at PRESENT DAY prices. 


London Agent: J. P. ALLEN, 12, WALBROOK, E.C. 
’ SEND FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES. 


STRONG TOYS, 


SUITABLE FOR COMING SEASON’S TRADE, 


SPLENDID SELECTION OF 


HORSES, ROCKINGS, SWINGS, 
TRIGYCLES, &c. 


“Also TOY PRAMS, CARS, &c., 


ON SHOW AT FIRST FLOOR, 


9, FOSTER LANE, LONDON, E.C., 


9 a.m. to 6 p.m. 














LI.O0WD & CO., 
MANUS ACTIJRERS, 
BOROUGH, S.E: 





knowledge required. 


Noy. 1, 1894. 





19,125. G. W. Beach, for improvements in knitting machines, 

19,134. W. H. Harrop, for improvements in sewing machines. 

19,298. J. H. Smith and F. W. Pare, for improvements in and 
applicable to knitting machines. ~ 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 

16,396. Embroidery Machines. H.C. Sheldonand W. Lockwood, 
both of Nottingham. Dated August 31st, 1894. 

Consists mainly of a multiple embroidery machine, in which the 
tissue frame is automatically moyed for each stitch, and in which the 
direction of such movement may be changed as required to follow a 
pattern simultaneously with the adjustment of the cording or braiding 
guides. 

18,677. Sewing Machines. V1. More, of Wellingborough. Dated 
October 5th, 1894. é 

Relates to lock-stitch sewing machines, in which the babbin cr 
thread case is supported within a continuously rotating shuttle. The 
rotary shuttle is arranged to support a thread case adapted to hold a 
ball of thread, or a shield adapted to hold a cop, reel, or bobbin of 
thread. : 

11,865. Sewzng Machines. WH. Haddan, a communication from the 
Goodyear Shoe Machine Company, of Boston, Mass, U.S.A. Dated 
June roth, 1894. 

Relates principally to that class of sewing machines which employs a 
circular-curved awl and hooked circular needle, and which are 
intended for use in attaching welts to the insole and upper of shoes by 
means of thread, usually waxed thread, and the improvements ace 
specially designed to make use of two waxed threads, and to form what 
is generally known as a lock-stitch. : 

14,250. Sewing Muchines. HH. F. Mason, of Natick, Mass., 
U.S.A. Dated July 24th, 1894. 

Relates to improvements in wax thread Sewing machines, and is par- 
ticularly designed for the purpose of sewing soles to the uppers of boots 
and shoes, for sewing the welt and upper together, as well as for sewing 
and uniting other articles of leather. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IssUED AND DATED SEPTEMBER 4TH, 1894. 


525,661. Z. Lecaisne, Paris, France, circular knitting machine. 
—IssurD AND DATED SEPTEMBER IITH, 1894. 

525,705. F.C. Hannahs, Kenosha, Wis., child’s cart. 

525,879. J. H. Way, Philadelphia, Pa., sewing machine. 

525,585. W. S. Clark and M. H. Willis, Easton, Mass., sewing 
machine. 5 

525,964. G. Nadeau, Marinette, Wis., runner attachment for- 
children’s carriages. : 

526,012. W. E. Elliott, Marion, Iowa, button attaching machine. 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
-and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Streety Somers Fown, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Tron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Bassi- 
aettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
and best workmanship at low prices for 
cash. ; 








THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 


Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at } 

WHOLESALE PRICES. 


S4/= Organelte f 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
2 when first 10/- is paid. 


Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 











3 Stops, A Wiiiimas= By Royal 
Vox-humana, _ Letters 
Expression, & Patent 
and Flute. 2 ey. 

omplete ra le NH alll i 

Sete of SOR ae 

ets Oo : can Play it. 
Reeds. 


Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrilles, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., ete. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 








For PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD,, 
who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 
Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, 


a large quantity always in stock. : 
TIMEPIECES 16/6 PER DOZ SPLENDID VALUE. 





Wheels a Speciality. 





Dec. I, 1894, 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


















and Sewing Machine Gazette. II 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. Laer! 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 








of every 
ts London Agent — 
description Ur. GEO DE 
A r. GEO. PEARCE, 
quality, 89, Holborn 
to Viaduct, 
suit 
B.C. 
all 
Trades. == 


ee ‘lt HALHSUW A PEIRAMBULATO 
The NEW ‘IDEAL’ KNITTER. 


INCREDIBLY [ 
SIMPLE, 








SPEEDY, AND 
PERFECT. 


Patent Automatic 
Cams and 
Latch Openers. 





ROU, wilted, HALASUWEN, near BIK 
THE NEW PATENT “J” MACHINE, 








Speer 





MINGHAM, 


For Scotch Knickerbocker Hose, in Checks, etc. 


Various other New Features in 
Hand and Power Knitting Machines. 





Testimonials from leading Houses—Home and Baport. 





Illustrated Catalogue, Samples, &c., 


post free on application. 


G. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica St., Glasgow. Leicester Showrooms: 34a, HIGH CROSS ST 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


HUNTS AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 
LAMPS.—The ‘‘ Norfolk ” was admired by everybody at the 
Stanley Show. For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 








Norwich. 
BELTS ! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 


lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Harvie’s, 110, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 





SINGER'S, 2s. gross ; Bradbury Elastic, best mill 
grooved, 4s. 6d. per gross,—S. COX & CO., Alcester. 





CYCLES.—Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 

pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 
your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 
wanted everywhere.—78 to 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. 





SEWING MACHINES.—Acgents on the look-out for a 
E first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 

Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
_keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
_ Glasgow, 

eb a 


"TRAVELLER for Sewing Machines wanted at once. 
Address ‘“‘ Traveller,” care of Sewing AZachine Gazette, 28 
Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 





VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 

represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 
London, E.C. 





"THE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 

which will give you No Trouble (sé advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 
once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 








A THOROUGH PRACTICAL Cycle and Machine 

Repairer requires Situation. Efficient in every branch, Braizing, 
Turning, and every kind of Tyre. Fifteen years’ experiencee—Address 
“ Cycle,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





£50 OFFERE:D FOR PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 1053.”-—76, Hounds- 


ditch, London, or Birnaingham. 


TS 








(See page 26 for other advertisements.) 































=e 












Se a Pe ee ey 


at Et 








12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Dec, t, 1894: 





FHEJOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1s. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hire Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—as. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified by the twenty fifth of each month. 

Contributions.—Atticles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for if so arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information.—We are always pleased tobe at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All weask is that they enclose 
Stamp for reply. = 

Replies to. Advertisements.—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 


In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
‘‘ Editor,” at the address given below. 


Hire Agreements and Payment Cards——We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application, i 
SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 




















AVS SINT, 
Se AUR Nie 
an 2 


ine 











The Unfair We print elsewhere a short 

Trading Question. ‘eport of a meeting of the sewing 
: machine trade, lield in London 
last month. We do not know with whom the idea 
originated, but it would seem that a number of repre- 
sentative firms felt that some action was called for, 
judging from the signatures to the circular convening 
the meeting. Those present appeared to be absolutely 
unanimous in thinking (1) that a great evil exists in the 
trade ; (2) that it can be readily cured. 

Now, if it is really a fact, as several members of the 
trade aver, that there does exist a class of canvassers who 
make it their regular business to try and discover per- 
sons who have contracted to purchase sewing machines 
from other firms, and then to worry the purchasers until 
they send back the machines, all we can say is that 
the term “dirty” used at the meeting was by no means 
misapplied. 

How is it, then, that one of the most useful trades in 
the country should have fallen so low in the opinion of 
its own members? This is an interesting question, and 
one on which opinions may vary considerably. 

It is highly probable that the system of “‘ free trial at 
home,” which prevailed so extensively in the early days 
of the trade, has had something to do with the present 
objectionable practices. As many of our readers well 
know, in the old “appro.” days the ousting of a com- 
petitor’s machines was raised toa fine art. Is it unreason- 
able, then, to think that here is to be found the root of 
the present evils ? 

Another factor in the trade should not be overlooked 
—viz., the intense hostility which originated in the early 
days of the trade—hostility which, judging from the 
representative nature of the audience at the meeting— 
would, happily, seem to be on the decline. The friction we_ 
speak of has been largely due, we are convinced, to another 
cause—viz., the use by A of B’s name to sell A’s goods. 
We are aware, of course, that under certain circumstances 
A may be perfectly justified in mentioning B’s name, but 
there is, we are assured, a deep feeling among the B’s 


that their names are often used by the A’s for the pur- 


pose of deception, and to the detriment of the B’s. 
There is one other cause for the present state of things 
—viz., the fierce competition that exists in canvassing 
for sewing machines. It is practically impossible to 
employ canvassers on any other than a commission 
basis, and it is necessary that a certain amount of busi- 
ness be done every week. We can, then, readily under- 


~ stand that a canvasser may find himself at the week-end 


face to face with dismissal unless he ‘ plants” a machine 
within a few hours, and that a lazy and unscrupulous 
man may seea chance of gaining an order by turning out 
a competitor’s machine and supplanting it with his own 
firm’s article. 

All the speakers at the trade meeting agreed in stating 
that turning out another’s machine does not pay. Clearly 
it is wrong on ethical grounds, and if it is also unprofit- 
able on commercial grounds, we really fail to see why it 
should continue. We shall not at present go into the 
question of remedies, as the newly-formed organisation 


has not, so far as we know, yet decided upon any defini 
live course of action. We can only say that any plans 
which they can suggest, calculated to improve the moral 
tone of the sewing machine trade, should, and no doubt 
will, receive the hearty support of every firm in the trade. 











HOW TO OVERCOME SOME OF THE 
MISTAKES WE MAKE. 


By CuHartes H. PEACHEY (STAFFORD). 


Mr. A. V. Eteran is quite correct in his remarks in 
your valuable journal of November, and with your permis- 
sion I would point out a few facts. After twenty-five years 
of experience in the sewing machine trade he attributes 
it to over-confidence without practical knowledge. True ; 
now I will point to what I have experienced in many 
parts of #ngland. First, managers for different com- 
panies are in want of canvassers, and with some com- 
panies we read the advertisement, ‘Good opening for 
drapers’ and grocers’ assistants out of employment.” 
Here is a mistake, because, to be a qualified sewing 
machine man requires one almost made for the job. 
These men are coached by a superintendent, and in nine 
cases out of ten know little or no more than the draper 
or grocer. What are the results? They work like 
Britons, and in their way they secure orders on “ appro.” 
The machines are delivered, and, as, usual, the 
teacher takes it in her turn who to call upon, and in 
very many cases when she arrives to give the lesson 
she finds another machine there and the would-be 
customer quite handy with the one that arrived:first. 

‘“Howis this,” she willsay, ‘“‘I have come for the sole pur- 
pose of making you efficient with our machine.” ‘‘ But 


| what isthe use,” is asked, ‘‘ Il can work this very well, and 


don’tcare to bother myself further with any other ”—this 
is the result of the grocer or draper. The remedy is easy if 
manufacturers and dealers would-employ good practical 
men who, when they had obtained an order, would and 
could follow the machine along to its customer. Thus 
the evil would be overcome. I have practised this in 
Kent, Berks, Oxon, Yorkshire, and other counties with 
the good result that seldom did ever a machine get 
returned if it was a genuine “appro.” I have met many 
awkward customers in rural districts, where practical 
knowledge is put to its test. I will illustrate one. 

Some sixteen years ago I was calling house-to-house, 
commonly called canvassing, in Berkshire, and I hap- 
pened to call upon two old maiden ladies; who, with the 
needle, were experts. They laughed at the idea that I 
could produce a machine to beat them, as they called it. 
I, of course, gave them praise for their work, telling them 
I coulé bring a machine that would beat them hollow, 
hands up. ‘‘ Then,” said the elder of the two, “if you can 
produce a machine to excel me I will purchase it for 
cash, but, in case you should bring one, let it be a hand 
machine.’ Delighted with the challenge, I went next 
day witha Bradbury “ Wellington” hand machine, with 
“OQ” needle, roo-cotton, and a piece of tissue paper. 
Calling at the house I presented the machine, and they 
said, “ Then you have kept your word ?”’ “ Certainly,” I at 
once replied, placing the machine upon the table, with 
the remark from them, “It’s a very pretty one.’”’ I, at 
the same time, took from my pocket-book the tissue 
paper, and, simply doubling it to two thicknesses, and 
with a small stitch, I at once began operations, to the 
astonishment of both. One said to the other, ‘‘I think 
the gentleman has beaten us.” Atter removing the “O” 
needle and placing a ‘‘I”’ in its stead, | left after awhile, 
and with the cash. 

I could illustrate thousands of cases of great interest 
but, as I am not quite in my usual health, I will leave it 
for your next issue. I claim, however, to have gone the 
trade through, and sold as many machines as anyone; 
and to Mr. Hermann Loog and other makers I am well 
known. s 

In some other issue I will illustrate the true facts for 
salesmen’s guidance, after twenty-five years’ experience, 
and state how to overcome some of the mistakes that are 
made, &c. 





CP Wi ptt lt pet 





Dec. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette; 13 





THE UNFAIR TRADING QUESTION. 


On the 8th ult. there was held a meeting of the 
London sewing machine trade, at the Chamber of Com- 
merce, 145, Cheapside, E.C., convened by circular signed 
by Messrs. G. W. Phillips (Vertical Feed Sewing Machine 
Company); W. J. Harris (W. J. Harris & Co.; Limitec) ; 
G. E. Teale (Bishop’s Cluster Co.); George Sawyer 
(White Sewing Machine Company); R. J. Johns, and 
James A. Jackson (Bradbury & Co., Limited). 

The circular read as follows :—‘‘ We, the undersigned, 
beg to call the attention of all persons connected with the 
sewing machine trade to the unfair methods of trading, 
knowz as the ‘turning out’ system, aad regret that 
some persons still allow their servants and agents to 
carry on these pernicivus tactics. We deem it advisable 
that the trade should combine unanimously to protect 
their interests.” 

There was a good attendance of the trade present 
at the meeting, among whom we noticed the following: 
Messrs. J. B. Allpass (Hastings, Limited); F. Allpass 
(Ellis & Co., Limited); Bryant, Barnett, Bimberg 
(Seidel & Naumann); Beringer (Adam Opel) ; Charles 
Bradbury (Grimme, Natalis, & Co.) ; Bray; E. Collier ; 
Garton (Highbury Machine Company); Imrie (Wheeler & 
Wilson Manufacturing Company); J. A. Jackson(Bradbury 
& Co., Limited) ; R. J. Johns ; H. Lloyd (Lloyd & Co.) ; 
W.S. Moiser (of Sheffield); G. W. Phillips (Vertical Feed 
Sewing Machine Company); Perry ; Robins ;. Rausnitz 
(Gebruder Nothmann) ; Ridler ; Sawyer (White Sewing 
Machine Company) ; Zschwinzscher (Biesolt & Locke) ; 
Thomas ; Wilson (National Sewing Machine Company) ; 
Teale (Bishop’s Cluster Company), We. 

On the proposition of Mr. J. B. Allpass, Mr. G. E. 
Teale was voted to the chair, and in his opening remarks 
said that he did not know what claim he had to the post 
except, perhaps, that he had acted as a kind of mediator 
in a dispute between two London dealers, who were once 
at loggerheads and are now at peace with each other. 
This change had been brought about by means of an 
agreement, under which each party bound itself to com- 
pensate the other should any machine be ‘turned out.” 
The signatories to the circular had thought that as an 
understanding had been come to with the happiest result 
in the case of two firms, there was every reason to think 
that asimilar understanding might be successful through- 
out the trade. He would just give an instance of what 
he considered unfair trading. A. sells a machine to B., 
to be paid for by instalments, and gets an agreement 
signed. C. calls on B., says the machine is rubbish, and 
vets B. to send it back and to take one of his own firm's 
machines in its stead. 

The foregoing, said Mr. Teale, is not a fancied case, 
but a common cause of complaint, and he gave another 
example which had come before him, in which the 
customer had paid the dealer two monthly instalments. 
C, hears of this, gets the customer to send back the 
machine and tell the dealer who supplied it that she had 
no further use for it, and C. then supplies one of his own 
machines, 

The third case cited was one in which FH. discovered 
that G., a rival sewing machine dealer and jeweller, had 
supplied a watch on instalments. F’. does not sell watches, 
but because G., his competitor, sells both watches and 
sewing machines, F. worries G.’s customer until the 
watch is returned and one of F.’s sewing machines ac- 
cepted in its place. 

The foregoing, continued Mr.Teale, shows the existence 
in the sewing machine trade of a mean, despicable dis- 
position that requires stamping out. The question is : 
how are we to bring about the change which all admit is 
desirable? He (Mr. Teale) might state that he knew 
the time when to be a sewing machine man meant 
nothing to one’s dishonour, but how the times have 
changed! It would not be an exaggeration to-day to 
state that there is no’trade in the country played so low 
down as the trade they were engaged in. He did not find 
fault with anyone in particular. He dealt with the matter 
as a principle, and his desire was to arouse a healthy, 
honest feeling which would’make for a decided improve- 
ment in the moral tone of the trade. 

Mr. Teale then read the agreement to which he had 
previously referred, as a basis for a general understanding 
among the trade, and suggested that the present, which 
was merely a preliminary meeting, should be followed by 
a gathering of the whole trade, say at the Stanley Show, 

ee i = 





and that all should be requested to assent to the 
following :— 

ist. That no member of the trade signing the agree- 
ment should use any competitors name to assist him in dis- 
posing of his machines. 

and. That noemployer should himself, or by his agents 
turn out a competitor’s machines. 

3rd. That in the event of a breach of the above the 
offending party should pay the injured party asum to be 
agreed upon as compensation. 

4th. That in the event of any firmor firms not signing 
such an agreement, the whole of the signatories thereto 
bind themselves to protect each ‘other, and to take such 
legal steps as may be deemed expedient to force such firms 
to conduct their business on a fair basis. 

The above, said Mr. Teale, are merely suggestions for 
an agreement, and he invited the fullest discussion 
thereon. 

Several gentlemen then expressed their views on unfair 
trading. Mr. Jackson said that his firm (Bradbury & Co 
Limited) would not give way to anyone in their aversion 
to one firm sending back another firm’s goods, 
but they had no sympathy for any firm whosuséd an 
trader’s name to sell their goods. hey must, therefore, 
be careful not to let the proposed yorganisation-be mixed 
up in any trade name dispute. a 

Mr.. W. J. Harris said that he h Nv 
for years past from his machines beine-sent back} Wot for 
any legitimate reason such as bad quality or misrepresen 
tation, but merely from another firm’s men worrying his 
customers until they, in sheer self defence, broke their 
contracts. It seemed to him monstrous that the trade 
should submit to such a dirty system of trading. 

Mr. Bray, being called upon by Mr. Harris to give his 
experience, said that as he had a lawsuit in progress he 
could not speak freely, but might state that he was certain 
that it paid no trader to send back another trader’s 
machine. He had himself investigated 150 cases the past 
few months, ard was prepared to say that if matters con- 
tinued as they were the sewing machine trade was not 
worth doing. He instanced 12 cases were machines had 
been displaced by a rival firm, which so disgusted the 
purchasers that 10 of them reused to have a machine at 
all after having broken their contract. Thus in only two 
out of the'r2 cases had the meddlesome firm succeeded in 
getting intheir own machines. He (Mr. Bray) felt certain 
that a mutual understanding could be arrived at which 
would put a stop to the turning-out system, which was a 
disgrace to the trade. 

Mr. W. S. Moiser said that hearing of the meeting he 
had run up from Sheffield to add his voice to the demand 
which was at last being raised foran improvement in the 
moral tone of the trade® He then gave two instances to 
illustrate the trouble as he found it. He had in each case 
supplied a Vertical Feed machine which the hirers said 
they were well satisfied with. After paying the instal- 
ments for nearly"r2 months, one of these was sent back 
and 30s. allowed off another machine by the rival maker, 
who had worried the hirer into sending back the Vertical 
Feed. In the second case the same maker’s canvasser not 
only got permission to send back the Vertical Feed machine, 
but actually wrote him a letter as though he were 
the hirer, stating that he had no further use for 
it. It is absurd, said Mr, Moiser, that this thing 
should continue. It paid no one ; but, on the other hand, 
demoralised both the canvasser and the customer, 
and thelatter was never any good if obtained by such dirty 
methods. One cause of trouble was the bad character of 
many canvassers, who roamed about from firm to firm 
putting in A.’s machine to-day and displacing it with B.’s 
machine to-morrow. He found that during the past four 
years exactly £640 worth of sewing machines which he 
had supplied, and which gave complete satisfaction, had 
been thrown on his hands through the interference of 
others in the trade. 

Mr. J. B. Allpass then proposed that it is desirable to 
form an association to put an end to the unfair trading 
which prevails in the sewing machine trade. Mr, G. 
Sawyer seconded, and it was carried unanimously. 

The second resolution was to the effect that the 
following form a committee to consider the carrying out 
of the resolution, viz., Messrs. J. B. Allpass, E. Collier, 
Harris, Jackson, Johns, Phillips, Powell, Pike, Robins, 
Sawyer, Teale, and Thomas. 

The meeting closed with a vote of thanks to the chair. 

We are requested to publish the following :— 


\ 


suffered ver qnuich, i 


=i 








14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Dec. 1, 1894. . 


—— eS nn ee 


“The committee of the sewing machine trade formed to 
consider the question of unfair trading have held two 
sittings, and have decided that there is not time for the 
required documents to be prepared and arrangements 
made in readiness for the Stanley Show, and therefore 
defer for the present the holding of a full meeting of the 
trade.” 








On the evening of November 9th, in the Masonic Hall, Rutland 
Crescent, Glasgow, the second annual supper was held of the em- 
ployees of Mr. George Milne, mangle maker and sewing machine dealer, 
280, Shields Road, Glasgow. Mr. George Milne presided, and was sup- 
ported on the platform by Mrs. Milne, Baillie and Mrs. Crosher, and 
the Rev. John Gunson, Kingston Parish Church, The em- 
ployees and friends sat down to an excellent supper, purveyed by 
Mr. J. M. Picken, Paisley Road, Glasgow. After regaling the 
inner man, 

The Chairman expressed the pleasure he had in seeing such a large 
company. As they had sucha lengthy programme to go through he 


' would not detain them with any speech. He was very good at the 


hammer, but very bad at the tongue. (Applause.) 

The Rey. John Gunson said he was very glad to be present on that 
occasion, and see such a large gathering. He felt it a privilege to be 
able to support Mr. Milne, and to be in a position to congratulate him 
on his very recent success. (Applause.) He was quite sure the em- 
ployees would be proud that their employer had become a Commis- 
sioner of the burgh of Kinning Park, and having become a Commis- 
sioner would in turn become the Proyost of thatburgh. (‘ Hear, 
hear,” and applause.) : 

Baillie Crosher, at the outset, said it had come upon him as a sur- 
prise to be called upon to say a word in support of his new colleague. 
It gave him great pleasure to be present that evening and assist his 
esteemed host to the best of his ability. It was a very nice thing to 
see an employer mix up with his employees, as it was a strong indica- 
tion of the good feeling which existed between them. He never 
thought Mr. Milne could command such esteem as was shown on that 
occasion. It said. a good deal for him,and he hoped it would long 
exist ; if it did continue, nothing but success and prosperity would 
attend him, He had also very great pleasure, in the office which he 
held, in congratulating Mr. Milne on his success in being elected to 
the Commission Board. When he heard that Mr. Milne intended 
to run the gauntlet he was very pleased, because he knew if Mr. Milne 
was successful they would have a gentleman of no mean talents, with 
a large experience, and one who possessed considerable technical 
knowledge. They had too few gentlemen like Mr. Milne at their 
Commission Board ; if they had more it would be of some advantage 
to the ratepayers of the burgh of Kinning Park. (Applause.) From 
what he knew of himhe could safely say that their employer would 
lack no energy in working to the satisfaction of the ratepayers and to 
the credit of himself. (Applause.) 

Mr. J. J. Watt proposed the toast of ‘‘ The Chairman.” He expressed 
the generous respect and good-will of the employees towards their 
employer, Mr. Milne. Since they had met last there had been many 
changes, within and without the business. Among all the changes it 
was satisfactory to find that no alteration had taken place in the head 
of the firm, and no change in the good feeling which had allalong 
existed between him and his employees. (Applause.) He was 
also pleased to congratulate him on the successful termina- 
tion of his contest for a seat at the Commission Board of Kinning Park. 
In conferring such an honour on Mr. Milne, the ratepayers shared in 
the honour of getting a good representative, with a clear head, a warm 
heart, an extensive knowledge of business in its various forms, and 
with an earnest desire to further the interests of the burgh—in short, 
they had got the right man in the right place. (Applause.) 

Mr. Milne, in (reply, thanked them for the kindness they had shown 
him that evening, and for the flattering way in which they had spoken 
of him. 

Messrs. Yule, Clark, and Stewart having rendered several songs in 
capital style. 

Mr. J. Johnstone proposed the next toast, ‘‘ Branch Warehouses.” 
It was a sentiment in which everyone was interested: The city of 
Glasgow had about one-eighth of the totalsales, and next to that came 
Edinburgh, which had sold more mangles this year than any other 
ear. 

4 Mr, Clark, in reply, said that he was the representative of Mr. Milne 
in Paisley, and he was glad to say that they could not go into a tenement 
but they would find one of Geo. Milne’s wringers. He wished every 
prosperity to the ‘© Branch Warehouses,” and if they wanted to succeed 
they would require to be careful, to be obliging, and to be firm and 
decided. The straight up-and-down principle was the sure road to 
success. (Applause.) : 

Mr. G. Milne, jun., submitted “The Works,” which was replied to 
by Messrs. Hughes and Orr; while the ‘‘ Ladies” was proposed by 
Mr. R, Bain, and responded to by Mr. H. Yule. 

At the various intervals during the evening songs were contributed 
in an exquisite manner by Messrs. Bain, Cunningham, Nichol, 
M‘Kinlay, and Clark, a very enjoyable evening being brought to a 
close, after a dance, with the singing of “ Auld Lang Syne.” 


THE “ PFAFF” FACTORY. 

Messrs. Wilhelm & Co., wholesale agents for Mr. G. M. 
Pfaff, send us from their London office, 132, Wool 
Exchange, E.C., a small pamphlet, the introduction to 
which reads as follows :— 


The Pfaff sewing machine factory, founded on a small scale in 
1862, now ranks as one of the first and most important sewing machine 
factories. From a small beginning it has risen, in a comparatively 
short time, to an establishment of gigantic proportions, employing 700 


skilled workpeople, with an output of 30,000 machinesannually. The © 
Pfaff factory makes sewing machines only, and the energy and 
experience of the entire staff is concentrated solely to that article, 
which is furnished suitable alike for family use or for the workroom and 
for factories. From the first the manufacturer’s aim has been to turn 
out machines of best quality only, and his labours in that direction have 
been jully appreciated as his constantly-increasing business proves. 
The name Pfaff is now accepted as a guarantee by all judges for good 
quality and finish. Every Pfaff machine bears the name Pfaff on both 
sides of the arm and the trade mark, so that every purchaser is pro- 
tected against fraud. The factory arrangements are of the most 
elaborate and efficient kind. All practical improvements are adapted 
the moment they are discovered, and the result is the Pfaff machines 
are now known and appreciated throughout the world; they have no 
superiors ; the make, quality, and finish is in every way reliable. All 
parts are manufactured by the most experienced workmen under the 
personal supervision of a staff of thoroughly practical managers. The 
factory covers an area of 8,500 square metres, and the commodious 
workrooms occupy three and a-half floors, all lighted by electricity. 
The proprietor does not cater for business at exhibitions, his reputation 
being so firmly founded that these means of advertisement are quite 
unnecessary ; he is content to rely on the universally recognised high- 
class quality and fine finish, conscientious workmanship, and prompt 
execution of orders which he bears not only for the maintaining of the 
satisfactory business relationship which exists between his firm and 


present clients, but also for the placing of many more names in his 
books. 





<a 


RETAILING SHWING MACHINES. 

Our enterprising New York contemporary, the Sewing Machine 
Times, has sent us No. 2 of its “Supplement,” which contains two 
suggestive articles, entitled “ Retailing Sewing Machines.” One of 
these, written by ‘‘ An Active (twenty-four years) Veteran,” might, we 
think, with advantage be studied by British firms, although several of 
the customs referred to have no counterpart in this country. The 
following is the article exactly as printed in the ‘ Supplement ”:— 

THE TRADE, ‘ 

I assume that for this purpose “‘ The Trade” is the merchandising 
branch only; that invention and manufacturing are not to be con- 
sidered ; that trade, I am writing of and for, is interested only in ques- 
tions concerning the satisfactory and profitable sale-of the merchandise ; 
that history or statistics or mechanical problems are not of interest, 
except as illustrations. I might say that I understand making money 
out of the sale of sewing machines to be the subject of greatest interest 
to the active trade. 

THE GENERAL MANAGEMENT. 

While my talk is to the retail branch of ‘The Trade,” let me say 
first a word to you who stand back of it. 

Briefly: The present conditions of trade are not such as favour 
large ventures, extensiye organisations, or widespread combined 
operations. 

The trade you have to deal with now is more cf an individual 
character than ever before, and more than ever governed by local and 
individual influences. Its marked peculiarities are disappearing, its 
regard for old customs and traditions is weakening, and_the difficulty 
of holding it up to any prescribed line in the detail of its business is 
so great that terms and conditions must be of a very general character 
if applied to any extent of territory. ; 

The trade is now in the hands of men who look at it from constantly 
changing points of view, and the stability of your interests must depend 
more on the usual mercantile contingencies, and on specific precau- 
tions, than on any governing rule of universal application. 

It seems important, then, in your own interest, that you should 
neither seek nor accept trade except from dealers who recognize the 
principles and the comities of trade, and who, by their own accord, 
conduct their business accordingly ; and in thus, and to that extent, 
controlling the retail trade, you can serve in common the wholesale 
and retail branches. 

The dealers, as a body, desire legitimate and fair trade. They have 
suffered some from competition that could not be so classed. It lays 
with you to protect them in this while advancing your own best 
interests. : 





THE PROFITS. 

That the trade may understand from the start the ground I am 
going to take and to argue from, I state here that the business is a 
profitable one. We estimate business as we do measures—by com- 
parison. Apply the standard of success to this and other lines, this 
will not suffer. It is estimated that ninety—most statisticians put it at 
ninety-five—per cent. of the merchants of the country fail— become 
insolvent. There is no such fatality as this in the active sewing 
machine trade. 

There have been no great fortunes made through the sale of sewing 
machines. That is to the credit of my argument. Where the few 
make great gains the many are losers. The pro‘its in this trade have 
been moderate, but good, and well distributed. Thousands of men 
with nominal capital have made a living for a family and are doing it 
now; thousands have accumulated enough to start them in broader 
fields when they reached the limits in this, And there are limits, it 
must be borne in mind, in this business, beyond which one finds no 
profit—limits of territory, of population, of industry. A man cannot 
profitably employ his whole time and whole capital in a field for half 
that effort. If he finds himself in such a situation he must double his 
field or halve his expenses. 

THE ATTRACTIONS. 

In the choice of a business pursuit no one will overlook those 
features which, without reference to profit, conduce to honour, com- 
fort, and general satisfaction. 

The sewing machine dealer may congratulate himself on having a 
pleasant business and an honourable one. His profits do not come 
from the misfortunes or ignorance of human beings. On the contrary, 
they are associated with the comfort, prosperity, and happiness of the. 
community. He gives value for all he receives, His business increases 








DEG. 1, 1894. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 


RR RR SS SS TE SE ERS AEE RE 


the comfort and the wealth of the community. The labour and the 
care involved in it are comparatively light, and sufficiently varied to be 
free from dull monotony. It is an exponent of modern invention, and 
its associations are with progressive industries. f 

The business is stable. It is beyond the influence of fashion or 
caprice. Change of season requires no change of stock. It requires 
but asmall stock, easily and quickly replenished, and not going out of 
fashion. These considerations will bear comparison with the general 
lines of merchandising. 

THE POSSIBILITIES. 

There is no trade the possibilities of which can be counted with more 
certainty. The sewing machine is as necessary to the present mode of 
life as the plough, and as universal in its sphere as the clock. The world 
could get along without pianos ; it could not maintain its present scale 
of civilisation without the sewing machine. 

The demand for sewing machines will be as lasting as that for 
clothing. The demand will be as constant as that for clothing, and 
that is increasing as the world increases in wealth and knowledge. 

The demand for sewing machines will increase. With the increase 
of population come new demands. With lower prices come new 
demands. It is safe to say that the need of a sewing machine is felt 
in every family in this country. Can ary one doubt that every family 
will have one as quickly as circumstances permit ? 

With 20,000,000 families, as our next census may show, and machines 
in use twenty years (as they will not, because of improvements), there 
would be a million sales a year simply to replace old machines. 

Leaving out of consideration the falling off in times of panic and the 
forced sales that have been made at other times, the legitimate growth 
of the business has been constant in the past. It will not be as rapid 
in the future, but it will continue. The trade will not employ as many 
men; it does not need them. It will not yield as great profits, nor 
will it require as great capital. It will not require as much mechanical 
skill or technical knowledge ; it will assume more of a merchandising 
character and hold its place among the necessary and staple articles of 
‘tirade as long and surely as civilised people continue to wear 
clothing. 

PRESENT CONDITIONS. 

To get a correct view of the business as it now stands we must con- 
sider the evolutionary stage of the art of machine sewing and of the 
industries that hinge upon it ; we must look also at the conditions of 
general trade, and we must then make comparisons with other estab- 
lished lines of trade. 

The art of machine sewing has passed all stages of novelty, experi- 
ment or doubt; and though this fact may rob the agent’s business of 
some of the seniimental interest with which it has formerly been 
regarded, it brings it on to the plane of established merchandising, 
where the simple natural laws of trade prevail. The industrial 
interests depending on the sewing machine have all acknowledged the 
fact of their dependence, and the introduction to their fields has been 
accomplished, Their patronage is now a matter of course. Andso, 
though not enjoying the advantages that sometimes, /but not always, 
accrue in working a new field, this trade has now the more certain 
advantages that come with an established demand for a staple. 

The business is depressed at the present moment and dealers are 
not getting satisfactory results, but :hat is a condition of general trade, 
and not to be discussed here. Compared with other lines we see many 
favourable aspects. We have had no failures of note, and we expect 
none, for the tide has already turned and imprcvement is under way. 
A tendency toward lower prices and cheaper goods, that has had arun 
in all lines of trade, has reached its limit here,and we know we have 
touched bottom. The demand is now, more than in the past, for 
machines that carry a substantial guarantee and afford a fair profit. 
Other disadvantages under which the trade has laboured in the past 
are lessening. The old machine question, once an annoying one, has 
been outgrown. The valueless old machines have been got out of the 
hands of prospective purchasers and seldom come in the dealer's way, 
except as “kids,” from which he can easily protect himself if he 
desires. Any other machines that he may now take in exchange are 
sufficiently modern to be of value and readily saleable at fair prices. 
The evils resulting from a loose System of canvassing are also dis- 
appearing. Sales may be fewer but they are better, runaways are 
scarce, lease customers have greater regard for their contracts, and 
altogether the tone of the business ishealthier than in the past. 

The present outlook in this trade is encouraging to those who will 
take a wide and clear view of affairs. 

THE SEWING MACHINE AGENT. ; 

After several attempts to divide the trade into classes whose different 
surroundings and controlling influences might invite special comment, 
I will name them in this order: managers, special agents, village 
agents, country dealers, general dealers, merchants. These terms are 
not distinctively descriptive, except as I will explain, but they are the 
best that occur tome. And to all these representatives I will say that 
after long experience, some of which was in each of the classes named, 
except that of merchants, I am not able to recommend any rule for 
universal application, I have pet scheme to recommend, and I 
always expect the business to have its drawbacks as wellas its pleasant 
features. I do not expect any man to be successful in it without the 
exercise of the qualities that bring success elsewhere. 

An agent’s success depends more on the attention he gives to business 
than on any special skill or peculiar adaptation for it. It is nota 
business for the indolent or indifferent; it wants industry and 
ambition. 

THE MANAGER. 

The manager of,an office, whether for a company or for a dealer, is, 
in some respects, the most faycured, and in others the most handi- 
capped of any agent in my classification. He has some one back of 
him for advice and support, but he is not free to follow his judgment. 
He works under instructions, 

A manager may be lazy, as people may be in most any position, but 
his fault is more likely to be in overcrowding trade. He knows that 
results are expected from his work, and is anxious to fill expectations. 
In this way he may take chances on a doubtful character of business 
when his judgment is against it. 





If a manager’s position is guaranteed to him, reasonably, and his 
employer has confidence in his ability, this chance for poor business 
becomes less. The employer waits, and is satisfied that the result, 
whatever it may be, is the best the circumstances permitted, or that 
the errors, if any, are not a cause for complaint against the manager. 
The result of management cannot be seen at the end of each month. 

Whether a manager should be a worker among his men, encouraging 
and instructing them by example, depends on the man. Some are 
built that way—others not; that he should have their respect is quite 
essential to his success. 

THE SPECIAL AGENT. 


A type of agent that is less common now than formerly, but who I 
like to think of and commend. He handles but one machine and 
he controls that one. He has a specialty, in which he has deeper 
interest and on which he can afford to bestow more effort than he 
could on the exploiting of machines that he did not control. 

He may buy and sell on his own account, or he may be on salary 
or commission for a central agency, but he has a specialty to handle. 
His work is easier and he gets more good from it, for every effort he 
makes helps build up his reputation, his goodwill, and his profits. He 
is one whom I can consistently urge to work hard, for I know hard 
work brings its reward to him. 

The special agent deserves a great deal of consideration from the 
company or central agency with which he deals. There is much 
mutual interest. While he works for himself he works for them. It is 
important for this man to have a good connection, and to keep it up 
as long as possible. He may better himself by a change, but changes 
should be avoided, unless plainly for the better. It would be unwise 
to say that he must never handle another machine, or do general 
repairing, or otherwise depart from his specialty, but my strongest 
recommendation is to stick as closely as possible to his specialty. 


THE VILLAGE AGENT. 


_A general dealer on a small scale or a special agent. His business 
may be done on a commission basis, or he may buy outright. His 
business is mostly in or close to the village. He knows the whole 
community and knows where to look for trade. He does not have to 
beat the bush as much as agents differently situated. He gets his trade 
with greater ease, though there may not be much of it. : 

It does not matter much what this man’s specia/ qualifications are 
ifhe has fairly good ideas and has the respect and confidence of the 
community. He may have the keen instincts of a trader, he may be 
a skilful mechanic, or a merchant or professional man, giving a por- 
tion of his time to the sale of machines. Of course, he must havea 
liking for the business and must cultivate it by such means as his 
judgment recommends. 

The village agent is liable to two mistakes: he may overdo his small 
territory, running into disproportionate expenses in the attempt to get 
more business than it warrants, and on the other hand he may rely too 
much on his established position and let the business go to sleep for 
want of some active canvassing. If he handles his territory to advantage 
he makes more money, per sale, than any other agent. 


THE COUNTRY DEALER. 


The country dealer is, perhaps, the most important factor at this 
day in the whole system of agencies. I mean the man who buys and 
sells on his own account in the country. He may have a city office 
from which to send out waggons, or he may drive his only waggon 
himself from a home in the country, but his trade is in the country. 

This dealer should have but one make of machine, unless it seems 
necessary to have both high and low-priced goods, in which case he 
should have but one of each. This is the only point on which I wish 
to be emphatic in my opinion. The country dealer must have great 
latitude in his management, but by no means should he attempt to sell 
a variety. He will do better with one fairly good machine than with 
the best half-dozen. 

The two cautionary signals I would put out for him are: slow pay 
and long distances. He has to guard against the countryman’s dis- 
regard of time and the disadvantages of a trade scattered thinly in 
remote localities. Care in the first matter, and a systematic working 
of the territory in the latter, will reduce the trouble from these sources 
to a very small limit. 

THE GENERAL DEALER. 


The general dealer is a city man. The country is no field for him, 
He must be a trader by nature, ready to seize opportunities as they 
offer, and able to make them when they do not present themselves. 
If he is a mechanic all the better, but first of all he must be a érader 
by nature or by education. 

If he is a man he can safely handle whatever variety of machines his 
capital warrants. He can sell most anything, and it is not important 
that he has the best. But he must have good machines, Nobody cando 
well with poor machines anywhere. 

This general dealer in a city can afford to carry a complete stock of 
supplies. He knows how to handle them and he has a market for 
them. 

But while he can handle a great variety, his natural inclinations are 
apt to carry him too far, and he accumulates undesirable stock. It is 
best to study the requirements of his territory and confine himself to 
supplying the principal demand rather than to try to catch the stray 
customer, who wants something much out of the common run. 

The general dealer should make his expenses light. His ability to 
sell in his stronghold and showy office, or costly advertising, is not the 
help he needs. His personality is to him what the fine office is to 
another, 

THE MERCHANT DEALER. 


There is nothing incompatible between general storekeeping and the 
sewing machine business. Some of the best sewing machine agents 
have been dealers in dry goods, hardware, shoes, &c. : 

But the merchant must do a machine business that is within his 
limits to be successful. It must be large enough to warrant him in 
hiring competent help, or small enough for him to give it personal 
attention. It cannot take its chance along with a miscellaneous stock. 
And the merchant who relies on his own personal supervision must 








16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





understand and appreciate the peculiarities of the trade. Ifhe is not 
that kind ofa merchant he will bea poor agent. | 
Other things being equal, the merchant has an advantage over all 


other agents. His other business advertises the machines, brings cus- | 


omers, and divides expenses. 

There are very few lines of merchandising with which a sewing 
machine business will not harmonise ; but there are many merchants 
in all lines who are not well situated to carry it on, and all such had 
better keep out of it. 

The merchant I have in mind, though he may do a waggon business 
also, sells machines at his store ; and for this trade at the store, which 
ought to be the most profitable, but is often far from satisfactory, he 
must have facilities. There must be room in which to exhibit and try 
the machines. Customers will stand at a counter and buy tea and 
coffee with noise, confusion, and dirt around them ; they will not buy 
a suit of clothes, a carpet, or a sewing machine that way. You can 
deal out tea for Mrs. A. while telling Mrs. B. the price of coffee ; you 
cannot sell sewing machines that way. The sewing machine customer 
needs attention, and unless the merchant can give that attention him- 


self or through some competent clerk, he cannot be successful. The | 


business does not require much room, but what it dees require is an abso- 
lute necessity. It does not require specially fitted up or peculiarly 
situated rooms, but it must be away from the ribbon counter and away 
from the salt bin. It does not require extraordinary attention, but it 
wants all the attention that it does want, and it wants it when it does 
want it, and it wants it intelligently and interestedly— not in a ‘‘ take 
it or leave it” manner. The person who has direct charge of the sale 
of sewing machines must feel and show an interest in his work. 

My last words to merchants are: Handle good machines only and 


avoid the after troubles that poor machines bring. And, again, you. 


must push the trade. 


THE COMPANIES’ ACTS. 

On the 21st ult., at the Mansion House, the New Branston Two- 
Reel Sewing Machin e Company, Limited, 59, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., 
was summoned at the instance of Mr. James Moss for contravening the 
Companies Act._-Mr. Harman was for the prosecution, and Mr. 
Trinder for the defence.—The’ opening statement showed that the 
company had bought over one that had previously existed, having the 
patent of this particular sewing machine. It was said that the capital 
paid in was £63,664.-—A considerable amount of evidence was given 
to show that the company had not complied with the Act in certain 








par ticulars—Mr. A. W. Morris, secretary, produced ‘the pass-book, | 


which showed that £63,664 stood to their account.—Sir Joseph 
Savory: Has that sum been actually received >—The Witness: Yes. 
._—Mr. Bernard Boaler was called, and commenced to make.a state- 
ment as to an examination of the books of the company, when Mr. 


Trinder objected on the ground that the witness could not possibly | 
know anything about the affairs of the company.—The Alderman: 4 


What evidence have you to give about the £63,664 ?—Mr. Boaler 
proceeded to give extracts from the books, and alleged conversations 
with the manager and secretary of the company, contending that only, 
£30,000 had been received by the company.—Eventually the Alder- 
man dismissed the summons, and ordered the complainant to pay 
42 28, costs.—Mr. Moss'said he would vay the money in a month. 








DISPOCLE, AS) LO OGALIDY, 


+ On October 31st, before his Honour Judge Chalmers, at the Bir- 
mingham County Court, an action was brought by the Midland Peram- 


bulator Company, of 170, Edmund Street, Birmingham, against Frank | 


Ness, of Bridge Street, Burnley, ironmonger, to recover £11, the price 
of a bicycle. ; 


Mr. Stubbins, who appeared for the plaintiffs, stated that the plain— 


tiffs’ traveller called upon the defendant and sold him a bicycle, which 
was described in their printed list as “ Model D, 422, less 50 per cent. 


discount, weight 28lbs.”~ The terms were slighly varied afterwards by | 
letter, but the machine was duly supplied, and defendant refused to | 


pay for it, because he said it was of inferior quality. Mr. Fred R. 


London, who trades as the Midland Perambulator Company, admitted 


that he did not make the hicycle, but bought it from Hearl and Tonks, 


Mr. Coley, for the defendant: What do you consider the value of 
the machine to be to the retail buyer ?— Mr. Hearl : Different persons 


have different prices. —Mr. Coley : Iam asking you as an expert.— | 


Mr. Hearl: About £20 or £22.—Mr. Coley : You are speaking of the 


gross price ; what would the retail discount be?— Mr. Tearl: About | 


20 per cent.—Mr. Stubbins : £11 is a very fair price to charge the 
retail dealer ?—Mr. Hearl : It is—Mr. Henry Keys, a bicycle maker, 


buyer. He thought ita good machine. They could not get a road 


certain weight that was another matter.—Defendant was then called 

and said that the plaintiff's traveller represented that the machine ES 
a high-grade one, weighing 28lb. with brake and mud-guards, but 
when he got it he found that it was a very inferior article. It weighed 
on thescales 35lb., the cranks were weak, the bottom bracket was 
common, and narrow in the tread, the chain wheel and chain, and 
brake fittings and saddle were all cheap. He could buy a Arstaclase 
machine for £10.—A witness named Clark gave corroborative evi- 
dence. The machine answered the description in the printed list in the 
letter, but avoided it in every respect in the spirit. The japanning 
was fairly good. The rest was very bad. He valued the machine at 
£8 to £9.—His Honour gave judgment for the plaintiff. The defen- 
dant bought the machine, and when he got it he did not like it. He 
was sorry for him ; but the machine answered the description given of 
it, and the machine was reasonably fit for riding. If a man chose to 
buy a machine without seeing it or getting a trial of it, he had often a 
disappointment. He thought the statement of the weight about 28]b. 
would be sufficiently satisfied bya machine that scaled near that fisure 
wien the brake and guards. He gave judgment for plaintiff for 
AIT 


| an inch thick. 

















THE MANUFACTURE AND USE OF GOLD 
LEAF, 


The manipulation of a bit of gold necessary to its 
transformation into a leaf of such extreme tenuity that 
200,000 of them are required to form a pile one inch in 
height, is necessarily very instructive and interésting. 
No other metal admits of such extreme extension as this 
—at least not by mechanical means—and this fact, coupled 
with that of its resistance to atmospheric or chemical 
action, renders it a most useful and invaluable material 
for decorative purposes, and for which use it is constantly 
becoming more popular. Half am ounce of gold beaten 


| out may be made to cover one hundred square feet of 


surface, 

Of the manufacture of gold leaf we shall speak but 
briefly. Seventeen dwts. of gold are meted out to a work- 
man, and in four days he will have beaten this into 2,000 
leaves, each three three-eighth inches square. The gold 
is first annealed in hot ashes, then run between polished 
steel rollers, which converts it into aribbon 1-Sooth of 
This ribbon is next cut into inch 
squares, weighing six grains each, and these are placed 
between fine calfskin vellum and beaten until four inches 
square. These squares-are quartered again, placed 
between © skins—this time the membrane from the 


| intestines of an ox—anda beaten out, and quartered until 


of the right thickness, when an instrument called the 
waggon cuts them into squares ready for booking. The 


| fragments are gathered up and smelted. The leaves are 


then placed in the books, which have been slightly rubbed 
with red ochre to prevent adhesion. To each book go 
twenty-five leaves, and twenty books make a pack, con- 
taining 500 leaves of gold. 

_ There are several shades of gold leaf, due to the presence 
of alloys. A pale leaf contains an alloy of silver, and is 
not, therefore, suitable for outside use, nor, indeed, for 
interior use if certain gases or vapours be present to 
tarnish the silver. A medium coloured leaf is best for out- 
‘door use. Dutch metal leafis simply copper waich has 
been coloured by the fumes from burning tin. It has little 
decorative value. 

To test the purity of gold leaf, drop a little chloride of 
gold upon it, when a brown spot will appear if an alloy be 
present. Nitrate of silver will cause a gray spot to appear 
if the gold be debased. Neither of these things will affect 
pure gold. 5 - 

Patent gold leaf is the waxed article for use of inexpert 
workers or for other special purposes. The waxing may be 
done by the user. Cut the book at the binding ; take up 
a leaf of the paper, rub it well with a bit of ordinary 
beeswax, then lay the waxed side of the prepared paper 
on to the gold leaf, pressing down firmly and rubbing 


| r th g 
and Mr. Hearl, on being called, said the cycle (which was produced | gently over the surface so that all parts of the wax may 


in court) was allright. It weighed about 33lb., he should think— } 


adhere to the gold. The leaf may then be cut up into 
any size or shape for use, effecting a saving in material 
but a.losing in time. Gilders usually say that their time 
is worth more than the leaf, and this when they them- 
selves furnish it. They usually save all the scraps, and, 
when a sufficient quantity is collected, sell it to the gold- 


| beaters or jewellers. 
valued the machine at £17, less 20 per cent. discount to the retail | 


- Another method of fixing the leaf is to rub the back of 


machine so light as 28]b, with brake and mud—guards on. Riders une Pepe mah = wed os aa cotton id aaped slightly with 
would be told that a machine was very light, but it did not follow that t spirits of Hehe gle aunts, Ore 2 bit of SOHN SS Taney be used. The 


it would beas light as represented. If a machine was guaranteed ofa | 


waxing method is the better way. But neither way is in 
favour with expert gilders, owing to the time it takes to 
prepare it. But for the amateur some such way is 
necessary. 

The expert holds the book in his left hand, turns back 
the top leaf to the desired width, folds it down neatly, 
and with the dry thumb nail deftly cuts the gold leaf 
along the edge of the fold. The gold is then pressed down 
against the part to be gilded directly from the book. It 
will require considerable practice to enable the operator 
to do this, but when he has acquired the knack there 
will be no desire to ever go back to the old methods. For 
gilding letters or large ornamentations, the rule is to hold 
the book in the right hand, folding back the page care- 
fully with the left hand, and touching the bottom edge of 
the leaf to the place to be gilded, and firmly pressing the 
leaf with the back of the left hand against the book, 


r 


‘ aS Tey 
DR hen 


DEC TY, 1804 and Sewing Machine Gazette, 


VICTORIA CYCLES 


FOR 1895. 


See 

FOU LI LOTTI OT TT A oI RRR ORD 

natestecteateatestecfosteateateetesostesteateelesteoteatnetesieateateeseareartesessoareareaseeseereaiealeetediesleaieaiesteeveareaieesessensearenieeteeseareereaseareatearesseesoatearestenseastareeseeseesoarteseese 
re OE 


AGENTS! 


Don't place your orders until you 
have seen our Samples, which are on 
Show at Angus’ Hotel, Ludgate Hill, 
London. — 


Our Representative will be at the 
NATIONAL SHOW, and appointments 
can be made with him at Messrs, 
MILLARD BROS.’ Stands, Nos. 183 
and 184, and Messrs. BURGON & 
BALL’S Stand, No. 145. 





Our Samples and Prices 
Are Sure to Fetch you. 








VIGTORIA MANUFACTURING CO., 


Works : 78 To 82, HANOVER STREET | , 
OrFices: 74, CATHEDRAL STREET j GLASGOW. 


BP: 
sy 5 
i 
Cen : . 





18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 








SSN ites re sailed ch Sg: Aff 


Dec. ite 1894. 





rubbing gently upward. To gild stripes or small parts, 
the book is held in the left hand. The beauty and 
permanency of a piece of gold leaf depend largely 


upon the sizing. It should be applied evenly and 
smoothly. It should possess certain qualities, such 
as drying in a proper time, possessing the right 


degree of tack, &c. Various sizes are used for various 
purposes. For woodwork two parts Japan gold size and 
one part finishing varnish may be recommended. Fatty 
oil made by exposing linseed oil to the sun in an open clear 
glass bottle is the favourite with many gilders. It requires 
several months to make such an oil, and it must not be 
allowed to be in contact with moisture during the pro- 
cess. Colour it with a little chrome yellow. This is an 
excellent size, but will not admit of varnish over it, being 
liable to crack. Vor gilding on glass, crystallised gelatine 
or isinglass (fish-glue) is used. he latter is the best and 
most generally employed. An absolutely clean can is 
selected, a pint of water is put therein, and when it has 
come to a boil on the stove add a pinch of Russian 
isinglass, about as much as will lay on a nickel coin. 
Then strain through a fine cloth. Allow to become cold, 
and it is ready for use. Make fresh each day. 

It is a nice point to determine just when a size is fit for 
gilding on. Ii too soft the finished work will appear dull 
and coarse. Iftoo hard or dry the leaf will not adhere 
sufficiently. But the most danger is to be apprehended 
in the former case. The size may be so dry as to exhibit 
no apparent tack to the fingers and yet hold the leaf well. 
Then it is to be remembered that sizing dries badly over 
an undry surface, such as a surface that has been varnished 
within a day or two. The harder the surface the better 
the drying of the size. A very smooth surface is necessary 
to a good job of gilding, as every speck or imperfection of 
surface will show through the leaf and cause it to look 
bad. Some surfaces, notably varnished and painted, need 
to be pounced with whiting to prevent adherence of the 
leaf to parts outside of those to be gilded. A pounce bag 
made from a piece of old stocking leg or other equally 
coarse meshed material is filled with the best grade of 
gilders’ whiting and then pounced over the surface of the 
work. Years ago it was customary to rub the whiting on 


with a wad of raw cotton or with the bare hand. This 
was calculated to cause scratching of the surface by the 
grit, never absent from the finest whiting, and to stick to 
the surface and mix up with the size. 

Thesurplus whiting may be removed by gently brushing 
over the surface with a soft camel hair brush or blender. 
Some use the half of a raw potato to rub over the surface © 
instead of whiting. The potato deposits a film of starch, 
which, when dry, answers the purpose of a pounce, and 
gives no grit and needs no brushing off. In making out 
designs or letters, use a dustless chalk or crayon made 
for the purpose, which contains no gritas common chalk 
crayons do. 

Be careful to apply the size evenly, asit will dry quicker 
in thin spots and slower in heavy, thus giving a very bad 
surface, parts being too dry or too fresh, Sags or runs or 
any inequalities will also show through the gold. In 
using a quick size,do not apply thesize too muchin advance 
of the gilding. Blowing the breath on a somewhat too dry 
size is efficacious, gilding quickly, and pressing the leaf well 
with the ball of the thumb. Wash and dry the hands 
before beginning to gild.— Paznters’ Magazine. 





HARMONY IN THE TRADE. 


On Thursday, the 13th inst., the fourth smoking 
concert of the sewing machine and kindred trades will 
be held at the Salutation Hotel, Newgate Street, 
London, E.C. The entertainment committee consists 
of twelve of the leading members of the trade, who have 
entrusted to Mr. Charles Bradbury the drawing up of an 
attractive programme. Every person engaged in the 
sewing machine and kindred trades is invited to be pre- 
sent. There is absolutely no charge, nor are any tickets 
necessary. No doubt many of our provincial readers 
will be in town for the National Cycle Show, and these 
should remember that the concert takes place shortly 
after that exhibition closes, so that a large number of 
them will not have returned home. To these gentlemen, 
especially, the committee extend a hearty welcome, 





Missing Garriage 


TEE 


IS FOUND IN 








Made in three Classes 
CLASS A. Papier-maché body, well 
painted and 


upholstered, wood | 


hammock handles, wheels, 20in.x20in. | 


PRICE 24/- EACH. 


Or 22/6 each for an order of six. 


CASH WITH ORDER. 





SEE THE 


KNOCKOUT = 


CARTETTE, 


Circular wicker body, bent shafts, 
91 in. wheels, 


8/- each or 7/6 each per dozen order. 
FULL ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST on Application. 











































































































































































































(ESTABLISHED 1862) ; 


GH. WELLS & CO. rvoevn wor, BISHOP ST, BIRMINGHAM 








Dec. 1, 1894 and Sewing Machine Gazet 


SINGER’S 
SEWING MACHINES, 


DOPOGSSPO SHO SHO SOS SSDS GGG SHS OS SSO GHGS HSV HOSOODOOHH OOOH OOSOOOSL 


The Singer Manufacturing Co. 


HAVE THE 


GREATEST RANGE OF SEWING MACHINES 


FOR 
ALL CLASSES of SEWING, ~ 
FROM | 
THE MOST EXQUISITE AND 
DELICATE ART WORK, 
AND PLAIN SEWING, ; 
TO 


THE HEAVIEST & THICKEST MANUFACTURING WORK. 


POPP O OGG OG OOOOH 0 0G F990 O90 F590 FO5OFFO5FO0OOOOOSO 














OVER TWELVE MILLION 
hee AND SOLD. 


Machines of Anguay § Make Taken in Part Exchange. 


City Show Room—147, CHEAPSIDE, E.C. 


BRANCH OFFICES ALL OVER THE WORLD. 

















EO LT PS OR Ie Me See NS ete ane ana 


20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances DE, 1894. 
—_——— 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON peer AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


| THE “BELL” ORGAN & PIANO. COMPANY, LTD. 
5, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, W. 


HARROP’S 
Greatest Ler in baby coche 


Patent 












ie re 
eo) ee ” No Dealer 











Combination 
: or Home 
BABY should be 
CARRIAGE without one, 
MAIL CART. LISTS SUPPLIED 











4 Positions: 


CPx | APPLICATION. 
55, TIB ao oe (off OLDHAM STREED, 


ee ee 


GANOPIES | CANOPIES ! | CANOPIES ! 
SPECIAL SUMMER OFFER. 
BRASS and IRON CANOPY FRAMES 


For Mail Carts and Bassinettes. 


PLAIN anp FANCY CANOPY COVERS 
In a Variety of Patterns. 
ww. FOSTER « Co.,, 
46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 
The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 











DEc. x, 1894. and 


Sewing Machine Gazette. 


21 





THE 
| Fi \) | 
(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.) 5 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 





























































































































ul 


ul 


The ““ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively tor 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 

The “ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘HOUSEHOLD * WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘* HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Considering the quality of the materials used, the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market, 


| 


HM 
il 





POSSESS SOSH OOOOH OE SOOO IH IOO HOH OD OHOOOD 


WHAT 1S THIS? 











This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle. 
We _ guarantee all 
rollers in our ma- 
chines to have an 
of 
rubber to that shown 


equal thickness 








in the sketch. 


OO 





DAA 


Aa 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling, 





Our new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application, 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER (0., 


122, SOUVHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E, 
























GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
3 Glove Knitter in the Market. 





SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with specia 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 


44, 





HEW HARRISON 


SWIFT GOLD MEDAL 


TER 


KNITS ccomescotecor pom 


WOOL, SILK, or COTTON. INSTRUG 
TIONS FREE. Lists 2d. per post 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The only 
ia ‘ WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and 22 other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CO, 
Works; 48, Upver Brook St.. Mauchester. ma. 


The New 


SROTHWELL KNITTER 


f is the only machine in the world 
( which can knit every garment 
= that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what could be done on the ‘a 
‘“‘New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and thousands of ladies 
who have entirely abolished band kaitting are now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything in eitner suk, wool, or cotcon. 


Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St. , Bolton. 

















+ - = ee 

















THE STANLEY CYCLE AND SEWING 
MACHINE SHOW. 


The above was duly opened on the 23rd ult., and closes this day. 
Thanks to the energy and enterprise of Mr. E. A. Lamb, the secre- 
tary, it is abreast of any of its predecessors, there being no less than 
360 exhibitors. ’ 
As last year, we do not propose to detail the contents of every one ‘a 
of these stands, but to place before our readers such lessons as a study 
of the show as a whole suggests. 
This year, for the first time, a portion of the gallery was used as a 
sewing machine section, and, although few firms exhibited, those who 
did take space made the best of their opportunities. 


THE SEWING MACHINE SECTION. 
THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 


\ 


This well-known and highly-respected corporation have a reputation 
for always doing things thoroughly, no matter whether it is a question 
of removing their British headquarters, when they must needs erect a 
new building designed to suit their special requirements, or of exhibit- 
ing their machines at a trade show, when they engage one of the most 
conspicuous and largest sites obtainable, and utilise it to the best 
practical advantage. The No. 1 stand, in the sewing machine 
section, then, was no exception to this rule. It was of large dimen- 
sions, open on two sides, with a handsomely furnished office on the 
third side, the whole flanked with a platform of steps on which were 
exhibited some thirty-five machine heads, alternated with bentwood 
covers. At the rear also was one of Douyill’s gas engines, which not 
only drove the dynamo used for lighting the stand, but also supplied 
power to some fifteen machines ou factory benches which surrounded 
the stand. In the centre of the stand were arranged specimens of all the 
family machines made by the W. & W. Co. in various styles of wood- 
work. A plentiful supply of bunting, two arc lamps of great power 
and fifteen incandescent lamps added a gaiety to the whole and assisted 
to attract the visitors who literally swarmed round the stand. The 
Wheeler & Wilson Company some years ago hit upon the happy idea of 
having operators at their stand at a trade show who are actually in the 
employ of various manufacturers who use the “ Wheeler” machines 
Thus visitorsy; were able to see at the ‘‘ Stanley ” the following ope- 
rations carried on in a practical manner:—Mantle making (Cater. 
Platt, & Co.), tailoring (Hollington Bros.), boot closing (Raper & 
Son), shirt work (1. & RK. Morley). In addition to this 
operators were at work on button-holes, both  straicht and 
pear-shaped, eyeleting, variety stitching, &c. Mr, Joseph Powell, the 


general manager, had, ina word, so arranged his exhibits that the 
stand told the public in a clear and complete manner that the range of 
sewing machines made by the Wheeler & Wilson Company cover 
the whole field of manufacturing, in addition to supplying the wants of 
the general public. 


In order to attend to the numerous agents of this 























22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


company, Messrs. Dickson & Clay were always in attendance, not 
forgetting Mr. Bayne, the mechanical expert, who was also present 
to explain the exhibits. Space does not permit of our giving mechanical 
details of all the machines; nor is this necessary. We might just 
state, however, that we found several of the popular No. 9 fitted with 
ball bearings, which cause this machine to run even easier than 
formerly, which we should have thought was well-nigh impossible. 
We specially noticed the D 12 altered to produce half-chain work 
in a variety of patterns; also the No. 11 using ready-wound cops for the 
under thread on shirt work, and running at a speed which fully justifies 
its nickname, the ‘‘ Flying Machine.” Another speciality was the D 12 
twin needle machine on stay work. The variety stitch machine, with 
its endless possibilities in fancy work, the fanning machine, the zig-zag, 
and other machines also gave pleasure and no little instruction to 
the visitors. Special notice is due tothe ‘“‘ Walking Foot” machine 


as supplied by this company to H.M.’s Government, which was at work . 


on military clothing, putting in piping and seaming simultaneously. 
CHARLES BRADBURY. 


This old favourite in the trade had on his stand two of 
the cleverest inventions of the century, both of which we 
have previously described. We refer to the ‘‘ Brunsviga Calcu- 
lating Machine,” and the ‘‘ Securitas Adding Check Cash Till.” His 
object was to obtain agents for these articles, which are made by the 
firm of Grimme, Natalis & Co., of Brunswick, whom he has represented 
in this country for several years. He succeeded, we understand, 
in doing some good business, amongst his customers for the adding 
cash till being the Wheeler & Wilson Company, who already 
possess a “ Brunsviga,” which, they tell us, they have found 
of great utility. Mr. Bradbury, of course, also had on exhibit 
several sewing machines, but for the wholesale trade only. We 
observed two of the “* Natalis ” family hand machines—the well-known 
“ Princess,” of which there are many thousands in use in this country, 
and the ‘‘ Favourite.” The latter is offered to the trade as being one 
of the cheapest, reliable, practical lock - stitch machines in the 
market. 


THE FLANAGAN TWO-REEL SEWING MACHINE COMPANY, LIMITED. 


This, the very latest sewing machine concern, made their first bow 
to the public at the Stanley Show. Sewing machine men throughout 
the world have, we believe, for years considered that to be theoreti- 
cally perfect the sewing machine should work from two ordinary com- 
mercial reels. They have, however, recognised certain practical 
difficulties in achieving this desideratum. So many attempts have 
been made to “ fill the bill,” most of them miserable failures, that many 
of the old men in the trade look upon all such machines with extreme 
suspicion. Most of our best ideas in sewing mechanism, as is well 
known, originated in the States, but no American firm apparently 
cares to try and solve the two-reel problem, and the German makers, 
who, some years ago, were very active in this direction, seem to be 
leaying such mechanism severely alone. On the other hand, numerous 
skilful mechanics in this country have been engaged in constructing a 
practical two-reel machine, and probably not less than £ 100,000 has 
been invested in such enterprise the past five years. Is England, then, 
which gave birth to the first sewing machine, the ‘“ Saint,’ to accom- 
plish the two-reel problem? We leave the answer to posterity ; but if 
perseverance, ingenuity, and enterprise can ensure success we are on 
the eve of a boom in two-reel sewing machines. 

Now, as to the “ Flanagan.” We first saw the inventor’s idea some 
eighteen months ago, displayed in such a ramshackle manner that 
we suggested to Mr. Flanagan that he should go home and forget all 
about two-reel machines. But he only partially took our advice by 
going back to Accrington, and then set to work with such persistency 
and ingenuity that he can now show a machine which really producesa 
good stitch, and appears to possess the elements of success. On 
another page will be found illustrations which only afford some idea as 
to the construction of the machine. The principal characteristics of 
the machine are the shape of the reel-container and the fact that the 
hook, which is of peculiar construction, oscillates. During the show 
several agents found fault with the machine because the hook was not 
given rotary motion, but the inventor claims that he obtains better 
results in his way than are possible if the hook rotates. Hecontrasts 
the two motions as follows :—“ The rotary looper has to make three- 
fifths of a revolution before it can deliver the loop, leaving very little 
time in which to take up the slack thread and form the ‘stitch, 
and necessitating too quick a curve in the take-up cam. 
On the other hand, with an oscillating looper, the loop can be 
taken from the needle and carried sufficiently far around the reel— 
container with half a revolution of the top shaft and allowing ample 
time to take up the thread.” 

The reel is not placed directly on the spindle of the reel-container, 
but is passed over a tube, which encircles this spindle, at the bottom 
of which is a series of pins which engage with the wooden reel. From 
the top is posed a clip, hinged to the reel-container, and this rests 
on the spindle aforesaid. A coil spring is attached to the side of the 
clip with a small screw elevator, by means of which the tension can be 
regulated. Further, at the top of the clip when resting on the spindle, 
is an eyelet exactly above the spindle, through which the under thread 
passes. Lastly, the container has an opening cut on the off side of the 
looper to guide the thread in order that it may always travel upwards 
on this side. The method of constructing a frame for the looper 
and how the container is held in position are too obvious from our 
illustrations to require details. 

We ought not to omit to state that Mr. Flanagan claims that his 
method of drawing off the under thread relieyes the loop from friction 
when passing under the reel-container, also that the vein at the rear of 
the container performs a similar service. The machine only takes up 
one-half the slack thread at each revolution, or, as the inventors put it, 
two and a half inches only of slack passes through the eye of the needle 
for each stitch produced. 

The ‘‘ Flanagan” is certainly an interesting machine, and it is well 
worth the while of dealers to give it a trial, which we regret we were 
not able to do sufficiently well to warrant our saying more at the 
present moment. We should like to see it run by power, as we are 
told that it will do first-class work at a speed of 1,500 stitches a 
minute. 





DEc. 1, 1894. 


THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 


Selling their machines for the most part through their own depots 
direct to the public, Singers naturally appeal to the public rather than 
to the trade, when they take space at exhibitions. ‘heir stand at the 
“Stanley” was therefore made specially attractive to ladies, who 
appear to visit cycle shows in increasing nurabers. As our readers are 
aware, this mammoth concern have for several years past made art and 
fancy sewing a spécialité, and this department of their business must 
now have grown to large proportions, as their stand was literally 
crowded with pictures of animals, landscapes, flowers, portraits, and 
embroideries, not to mention screens and door panels, all worked on 
their sewing machines. These attracted the gaze ofall visitors, many 
of whom, in a coming contest, have the opportunity of becoming the 
happy possessors of cne of twenty very fine art needlework pictures in 
handsome frames, to be given away in January next to those possessing 
the oldest machines. This stand occupied one corner of the gallery, 
and was sufficiently extensive to enable the company to exhibit nearly, 
if not quite, all of their manufacturing machines, besides 
machines for domestic and fancy work. In the manu- 
facturing department a special display was made of Singer's 
new sectional power benches. Many practical sewing machinists 
consider as we do, that this is one of the best of the many improve- 
ments Singer's have introduced in connection with the factory trade. 
The trough is of bentwood, and the table built up instead of being 
solid, and both table and trough are fitted to a metal frame merely 
by screws, and their construction is such that the bench can be 
shortened or lengthened with surprising speed. Further, both the 
benches and hangers for the shafting are adjustable in height. 
Manufacturers visiting the show had full opportunity of inspecting 
several of the Singer machines fitted on these benches and driven by 
the Dowson gas engine. Close at hand were other machines which 
could readily be placed on the benches and run by power, such as the 
National putton-hole and barring machine, the eyeleting machine, 
which works three different styles of holes, the chain-stitch wax 
thread, pillar, and army leg boot machines. Nor have we half 
exhausted the list. One machine carrying five needles and five 
shuttles for stay work appeared to especially excite the curiosity of the 
visitors, as too did the machine at which a young lady was engaged in 
working names on satin with the perfection of a skilled writer. We 
should not forget the automatic spool winder. The feeder holds 
three dozen spools, and each spool falls into its place automatically, is 
filled and drops into a drawer without the slightest attention. 

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY. 

Mr. George Sawyer, the general manager of this well-known com— 
pany, is to be heartily congratulated upon the taste shown at his stand. 
Although not the largest, it was certainly the most handsome, in the 
show, and received anamount of patronage second to none. It was 
extremely well lighted by incandescent electric lamps, which showed 
to advantage one of the choicest collections of art needlework ever 
brought together. We spent some time examining the groups of flowers, 
animals’ heads, &c., but cannot possibly convey to our readers a tithe 
of their beauty ;so must content ourselves by suggesting that all 
interested in the subject visit the White Company’s showrooms on 
Holborn Viaduct, where they cau examine the specimens at 
their leisure. The White Sewing Machine Company have, probably, 
mcre accredited agents in this country than any other com pany in their 
line, and it is almost superfluous for us to state that they manu- 
facture a variety of machines, including two kinds to sell at popular 
prices, viz., the “‘Gem™” and the ‘‘ Peerless” hand machines. The 
White machines are noted for their light and noiseless running, and 
re built in one of the largest and Lest equipped factories in the world. 
They are finished in the best possible manner, and can be had ina 
variety of styles as regards the woodwork. The company are making 
a specialite of a drop machine, the machine being hinged to the table 
in such a manner that it falls below on being tilted, and is then covered 
by the table leaf, thus forming a flat table surface, which is certainly 
more useful than the usual table and cover. The White No. 1 machine 
is now being supplied with a new patent _tension, a thread cutter, an 
adjustable presser foot, and an imperceptible needle bar at the top of 
the face plate. 

A. MAYER. 


This gentleman is one of the latest importers of German 
sewing machines, with a warehouse at 22, Paper Street, Red 
Cross Street, Londen, E.C. His exhibit at the ‘“ Stanley” com- 
prised several of Kohler’s machines on handsome stands. 


THE PRAM EXHIBITS. 


THE STAR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 


This well-known firm of baby carriage manufacturers occupied the 
same position on the ground floor as last year. As formerly, they had 
contrived to make their stand one of the sights of the show. Some sixty 
carriages and cars, in twerty-four shades and colours, were on exhibit, i 
arranged on a series of wide steps, with ferns interspersed at intervals, 
the whole lighted by two enormous arc lamps. No two carriages 
being alike in design, colouring, or method of suspension, our readers 
can well understand how difficult it would be to give a full description 
ofthe exhibits. We shall, therefore, only mention a few of the most 
striking features of the show. A carriage painted throughout in 
black and upholstered in the same colour, the whole bearing a brilliant 
gloss, and the wheels having cushion tyres, attracted much attention. 
It will not suit all tastes, but as a show carriage was an immense 
success. A boat-shaped body, suspended from two handles, finished 
in light colours, which crowned the stand, secured a large amount of 
patronage, and so did several bodies with raised mouldings. We were 
rather struck with a carriage on C springs, upholsteredin broadcloth, 
with pockets, and we noticed that the Star Company are building 
several of the bodies of their Hammock carriages in wood in place of 
metal as last year. Further, in the case of some of their cheap designs, 
they aré using steel instead of iron for the springs, at a trifling extra 
cost. They will, we think, be heartily congratulated upon their new 
well arrangement. It is a known fact that a detachable well cover often 
gets mislaid, and this has suggested the making of the cover in two 
parts, hinged to the well, so that they fold into the sides of the 
carriages 








Dec. t, 1894. - and Sewing Machine Gazette. 23 





1895 SEASON CATALOGUE READY. 


SSP HYD GOH GH9HOG9SHH9SHO9 99S: 


ke STANLEY SHOW . 


VOSOOSOSS OVS HOO SO OOOOH OOOOOSD 


We beg to thank those of our Customers who have already 
placed their orders with us for next Season; and assure them 
of our earnest endeavours in their interests. 


We desire to point out to Dealers and Agents who have 
not yet favoured us with their commands, that it is greatly to 


their interest to do so without delay, in order to give us 


the necessary time to properly prepare and arrange our output, 
and secure to them Goods of highest-class finish ; also 
avoiding disappointment and delay when the Season for 1895 
actually opens. 

We also beg a trial order from those who have not yet 


handled our goods when we feel confident of sends a Con- 
tinuance of their favours. 


Our Exhibit at the late Stanley Show called forth the 
highest encomiums and congratulations from the Trade-—to 
whom we tender our hearty thanks. 








STAR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 


STAR WORKS, 
GOODINGE ROAD, YORK ROAD, LONDON, N. 





EEE FR NP ne ee ee , 


> a) 





24 


Passing to the cars, we notice that they are more numerous than 
last year. The Star Company appear to have prepared at least twenty 
distinctly new designs for the coming season, in which the speci al 
feature is great taste in the shape of the bodies. Several of the gig- 
shaped wicker cars have high splashboards, and are mounted on fancy 
scroll springs. But it is in convertitle cars, perhaps, that the greatest 
novelty exists. There were two of these on show. One of these could 
be used asa single, a double, or as a bed car, without its convertible 
properties being at all noticeable. The other car could be used in 
any of the five following ways: as a tandem, back to back, face to 
face, one child lying and the other sitting, or for a child to lie at full 
length. Many of the cars, we observed, were fitted with folding shafts 
of simple and durable construction, and the Star Company are this 
year supplying carriages or cars with Boothroyd tyres to order. We 
. have by no means given a complete description of this stand, but ina 

few weeks the Star catalogue will be printed, when our readers can see 
’ for themselves how wideawake and progressive is this company, which 
| is now the largest concern of its kind in the world. ; 


STONE & SONS. 

This firm are well known as retailers of domestic machinery and 
prams, but judging from their recent appeariinees at trade shows they 
appear to be cultivating a connection among the trade. Their exhibits 
at the Stanley comprise a great variety of both carriages and car 
fitted with Stone’s patent wheel, which we have already described. 
This wheel is a little more expensive than the orthodox pattern, bat 
for the best class of carriages can be well recommended. 


THE CYCLE, SECTION. 
FRAMES. 

The shape of the frames appears to have now been decided upon by 
eneral consent—the Humber pattern. The demand for ‘‘ordinaries ” 
has entirely died out, and the Giraffe was conspicuous by its absence ; 
and as to front drivers, we believe that there was but asingle specimen 
in the whole exhibition. The absence of variety in the shape of the 
machines tended to make the centre of the hall, filled as it was with 
safeties and tandem bicycles, and only here and there a tricycle, some- 
what uninteresting to the general public, who, accordingly, congregated 
in the gallery, to which was relegated accessories and tyres. A close 
’ study. of the exhibits as a whole proves that larger tubes are in the 
ascendant, and that narrow treads are more in demand than formerly. 
Further, that shorter heads and high back frames will be conspicuous 
. features in next season’s machines. We also observe a tendency to use 
larger chain wheels than formerly, and this no doubt is partly accounted 
for by the altention now being turned to the invention of new speed 
! gears. A large number of machines on exhibit were fitted with gear 
cases, and these are fast becoming the rule rather than the exception. 
_ Speed gears are creating a deal of discussion among mechanics, and it 
seems impossible at-present to arrive at a general understanding as to 
whether or not they are any better than larger chain wheels. Since the 
Boudard-Peveril Company entered the field with their patent speed 
gear, some half-dozen other forms of gear have been brought out, most 
of which were tu be seen at the “Stanley.” We do not hesitate to 
advise our readers, however, not to keep any of these gears in stock ; at 
least, not until the public, as distinct from the inventors, manifest greater 

. interest in the matter than has yet been observed. 
Beyond doubt the stand which attracted the most attention was that 
of the Bamboo Cycle Company. It is claimed by the proprietors of 
. this patent that they have the exclusive right to manufacture a practical 
cycle from bamboo. It is, then, obvious that this innovation is fraught 
_ with serious consequences to existing cycle manufacturers should the 
public be at all smitten with the notion. There is another side to the 
question, viz., that its success would probably end in our importing 
bamboo frames direct from Japan, and practically destroy the cycle 
manufacturing industries of this country. We donot think, however, 
* that we are within measurable distance of this consummation. There 
is little to describe in the invention, except to say that bamboo takes 
the place of steel tubing, and that aluminium lugs are employed in 
constructing the diamond frame. The result is a machine by no means 
unpleasing to the eye, and we are assured bya rider who has tested the 
_ invention under all possible conditions that nothing is wanted as 
_ regards eomfort or general utility, We might add that the rims of the 
wheels are of hickory, which appears to. be fast coming into general use, 
and that the bamboo cycles, as shown, were fitted with pneumatic 

' tyres. 


TYRES. 

One of the most conspicuous features about the show was the 
absence of several companies who exhibited pneumatics at the last two 
shows. The reason of this we need not dwell upon, but it is closely 
associated either with financial sickness or death. We have on several 
occasions referred to the ridiculous extent to which company-monger- 
ing has been carried in connection with cycle tyres. It appears to have 
' been accepted as a prime factor in this business that every patent 
specification, to acquire which costs first hand £4, and if an agent is 
employed, say, £12, is worth to the investing public no less than 
£40,000. Consequently nearly every tyre company which has yet 
been floated has had to carry such financial burdens that it could not 
possibly pay a dividend to its ordinary shareholders, — 

We might use up several pages of the Gazette in describing the 
thirty or so patent tyres on exhibit, but as probably twenty of them at 
least will not be heard of again, we shall not trouble our readers with 
more than a few of the number. 

In the first place we advise dealers to be careful not to carry large 
stocks of single tube tyres. So far as we can determine the question 
at the present moment, there is not likely to be any great demand for 
tyres other than the following in the order given, viz. :—Dunlop, 
Clincher, Palmer, Preston-Davies, Seddon. 

We hold over our further remarks on the ‘‘ Stanley ” until our next 
issue, by which time we shall have carefully inspected the exhibits at 
the ‘* National.” We might just add that Messrs. Bradbury & Co., 
Limited, showed cycles at the ‘‘Stanley” this year for the first 
time, and that the splendid quality of their machines was a subject of 
general comment. Further, that the St. George’s Cycle Company, with 
whom a large number of our readers do business, had two stands 
instead of one as formerly, thus being able to show complete cycles on 
one stand and parts and accessories on the other. 








The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


| 





















































Mr. George Manning, jeweller and sewing machine 
dealer, has removed from Colleton Buildings to 3, Head- 
weli Terrace, St. James’, Exeter. 

x * 

Mr. C. Akehurst is now representing, “ on the road,” 

the St. George’s Cycle Company, Mr. C. White, and Mr. 


W. Branson—the latter of mud-guard fame. 
x * 















































The Cherry Tree Machine Company, Limited, have sent 
us one of their new framed advertisements of the “ Spray 
Washer,” which is just the thing for dealers to place in 
their windows. 


x * 

“The Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Company are now 
supplying to their agentS a highly attractive metal 
advertisement plate framed, with the words ‘The Vertical 
Feed,” of imitation silver, in relief. 

* * 


* 

The pawnbrokers appear to be about to start an 
agitation against workmen’s watchclubs. They propose 
to place before Parliament the fact that in this and other 
ways the law as to silver licenses is evaded. 


* 


‘ * 

Patentees should be careful not to mark their inven- 
tious “patent” until they have actually received the 
letters patent. Last month a person was fined 20s. and 
238. costs for so marking an invention, which had merely 
received provisional protection. aN 

‘* 

We stated last month that Mr. R. Brown, sewing 
machine dealer, &c., Sheffield, had his shop “ burgled.” 
We now learn that he was insured in the Goldsmiths’ and 
General Burglary Insurance Association, who have 
promptly paid him £33 in settlement of his claim. 

x OK 


The Two-Reel Sewing Machine Company, Limited 
(Daniel Jones’ patent), have so far completed their new 
works in Argyle Street, Nechells, Birmingham, that 
during the present month they will make them their 
headquarters in place of 62, Albion Street, Birmingham. 


Mr. Thomas Lucas, who for many years was with the 
Singer Company, latterly as district manager at Ports- 
mouth, has started business on bis own account as a 
domestic machinery dealer at 48, High Road, Balham, 
S.W., which premises were formerly occupied by Mr. J. 
H. Wiber. Mr. Lucas has been appointed agent for the 
Singer Company in his district. 

xe 

The Singer Manufacturing Company have the past year 
or two sent out to their friends some kind of artistic and 
useful article at Christmastime. This year they present 
a combined calendar and blotter, to which is afhxed 
specimens of their art work. In addition to the foregoing, 
we have received from them a leather cased pocket-book 
with a calendar at one end andan “art sample” atthe 
other. a 


* * 


Mr. C. H. Teague, who has for the past four years 
been managing agent for Messrs: J. G. Murdoch & 
Co., Limited, and was for many years previously 
with the Singer Company in Cornwalland Brighton, has 
now started at 60, Viaduct Road, Brighton, supplying 
sewing machine and domestic machinery and furnishing 
requirements of every kind on behalf of Mr. George 
Norman, of Pelham Street, Brighton. 

* ® 


* 

In a recent issue we stated that Mr. Sydney Alfred 
Bennett, for twenty years with the Singe: Company, 
latterly occupying positions of the greatest responsibility, 
had, since leaving his firm, been charged with shooting 
his paramour; also with subsequently attempting his 
own life. It is only fair for us to add that during the 
past month Mr. Bennett stood his trial at the Old Bailey, 
and was acquitted of the charge oi shooting with attempt 
to murder, and that the prosecution withdrew the second 
count of the indictment—-viz., as to attempting to com- 
mit suicide. It appears that the injury done to the girl 
was of the most trivial description, and it was submitted 
that the whole affair was an accident. 


x 


Mr. John Cavit (member of the H.T.P.A.), house 
furnisher, Victoria Street, Wolverhampton, on the z2nd — 






‘ 


Dec. 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 
a I RRM ee asa 


THE LEADING FAMILY SEWING MACHINE. 


WHEELER & WILSON'S No, 9 


“A Thing of Beauty is a Joy for Ever.” 













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































THE ee AGENTS 
BEST Yo, WANTED | 
ain WHERE 
NOT 
EVERY REPRE. 
SENSE, DENTED, = 7 


























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































I 
Un 


, 


—— 














Sas 


WHEELER & WILSON, 


Note the New Address: 


Chief Offices 5, 6,7, 8, 9, 10, & 41, Paul St., Finsbury, London, £.¢. 











26 The Journal of 









ult., invited some eighty persons to dinner at his busi- 
ness premises, the occasion being the completion of nine- 
teen years’ trading in the town. During the evening a 
short account of the progress of the business was given 
to the visitors, from which it appears that, although of 
humble origin, it —has grown to be one of the largest 
establishments in the town, extensive alterations and 
additions having been lately made to the premises. Mr. 
Cavit, responding to “ Success to the New Firm,” gave 
his reasons for recently taking Mr. C. Russell into part- 
nership, and said that he thought the step would be 
greatly advantageous to the firm. 








MR. CHAPMAN REMOVES. 

The wholesale trade and all old friends of Mr. J. A. 
Chapman will please note that this veteran Sunderland 
sewing machine and cycle dealer has removed from 29, 
Holmside, to more commodious premises, 17, Waterloo 
Place, Sunderland. 

Mr. Chapman has been trading at his old address up- 
wards of twenty-one years, and is one of the oldest 
existing sewing machine and cycle dealers. He is very 
popular in Wearside districts, and has, perhaps, done 
more to popularise the use of both sewing machines and 
cycles than any other local trader. He has been ably 
assisted by his excellent wife and daughter in his 
attempts to get the weaker sex to take to cycling, as 
these ladies were, we believe, the first to do any long- 
distance wheeling. 

Mr. Chapman intends visiting London during the 
National Show, with a.view to arrange some new 
agencies. 


THE NATIONAL CYCLE SHOW. 

The third National Cycle Show opens at the Crystal 
Palace on Thursday next, and lasts until the following 
Tuesday. Among the exhibitors will be found the 
White Sewing Machine Company, Mr. H. S. Roberts, 
and the Eclipse Machine Company. We have not space 
to give a full list of the exhibitors, but the show bids 
fair to be a great success. 

The Hire Traders’ Protection Association have a 
temporary office at stand{No. 247, close to the High Level 
station entrance, where Mr. Sewell, the secretary, can 
be seen from 3 to 8 daily. 

We are requested to state that the Victoria Cycle 
Company, of Glasgow, will not exhibit at the Palace, but 
that they will take a stock-room at Angus’s Hotel, Lud- 
gate Hill, where Mr. W. C. Warkiwill be pleased to show 
the trade his new models. 

Weare further informed that the Victoria Company 








have now worked up a splendid trade connection, and . 


that even during during theslack season they have had 
sufficient orders on hand to keep them well employed. 


ADVERTISING FOR A CANV ASSER. 

Firms advertising for collectors or canvassers often 
receive curious replies to their advertisements, several of 
which we have already given in ourcolumns. We give 
below a copy of a letter recently received by Messrs. 
Bradbury & Co., Limited, which is a choice specimen of 
its kind. 

DEAR Sir,—Referring to your advertisement requiring collector- 
salesman, in the Vorthern Daily Telegraph, kindly be good enough 
to inform me (with the obvious contingent view of negotiation for the 
situation) the specific salary and commission pertaining to it. 

My own qualifications are, practically, a degree of technical know- 
ledge of book-keeping (also, I may add, though not directly per- 
tinent, considerable facility with shorthana) and, finally, I feel 
confident, considerable intelligence and energy. I am, and have since 
April, 1881, been with my present employers, Messrs. ————, 


- solicitors of this town, 


I am, yours respectfully, 





ADDRESSES WANTED. 


TO THE EDITOR OF “THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.”’ 

Sir,—Willsome of the readers of the Sewzng Machine 
Gazette give me information where I can buy umbrella 
materials from, I mean makers of umbrella materials (if 
they can)? I have got them from the warehouses, but I 
want to get them right from the makers. I shall be 
much obliged for information. 








Yours, &c., 
RuSHFIRTH Heap. 
20, Sheffield Road, Glossop, November 22nd, 1894. 











DEc. 1, 1894. 





















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Messrs. Eungblut & Eungblut, of Prebend Street, N.W., recently 
completed their ten thousandth piano. 
= * 
The Granstone Piano Company, of 198, Seymour Street, London, 
are making a specialite of low-priced English iron-frame pianos. 
~ * 
* 
Messrs. E. Hirsch & Co., of 59, Hatton Garden, E.C., have issued a 


pew Catalogue of pianos and organs, and state that their stock consists 


of 300 instruments. 
* * 


= is 

The Bell Organ & Piano Company, Limited, have opened show- 
rooms at 49, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., close to their old premises prior 
to remoying to New Bond Street. 

* * 
< * 

Mr. John C. Guest, piano dealer, Exeter, is introducing a ‘‘ vamping 
machine,” which can be fitted to either piano or organ to enable 
persons without musical knowledge to play the accompaniment to any 
song. 

g bined 

Messrs. S. & P. Erard are introducing two new models of pianos at 
lower prices than they have hitherto charged for any of their instru- 
ments. The lowest price for these cottage models is seventy-two 
guineas, 








Failures and Arrangements. 





JOB EATON, ironmonger and dealer in wringing 
machines, &c., High Street, Market Harborough. 
In the above bankruptcy the following are creditors :— 


: asia. 
Cherry Tree Machine Company, Blackburn ... Ta Sau 
Summerscales & Sons, Keighley... 500 van 12 14- 6 





A COUNTY COURT JUDGMENT was registered 
on October 18th against G. Turner, perambulator dealer, 
Carfax, Horsham, for the sum of £17 9s. 9d. 








This morning, at the Marylebone Police Court, Samuel Luke, of 
Fernside Road, West Kilburn, a collector and canvasser in the 
employ of Bradbury & Co. at their Praed Street depot, was sentenced 
to two months’ hard labour for embezzlement. The magistrate, Mr. 
Cook, took a very serious view of this class of offence, Mr. Mandy 
conducted the case on behalf of Mr. H. E. Tudor. 








BELTS.—Round Belts made from best quality 

Leather, 54 to 57 in. (assorted), 16s. per gross; 44 to 48 in., 

14s. Other sizes equally low. Also in 200 ft. lengths. : 

OILS.—Refined Sewing Machine Oil, attractively put up in 4 02z. 
bottles, at 16s. 6d. per gross. : 
J. W. CABLE & CO., 


35, Clerkenwell Road, London. 








Wyn. by a thoroughly experienced Sewing 
Machine Mechanic and good General Fitter, capable of adding 
improvements in machinery, SITUATION to look after Stay Factory 

| or Cloth Factory, or any place requiring skill,—Address, E. B., 142, 
Crescent Road, Plumstead, Kent. 





Mp Othose having a connection amongst respectable house- 
holders and shopkeepers—WANTED, an energetic man as 
SALESMAN and COLLECTOR to sell for cash and upon easy terms, 
Musical Instruments, Mangles, Bassinettes, Sewing Machines, 
Jeweliery, and other articles of Domestic use ; substantial commission 
paid toa man proving himself thoroughly capable; good references and 
small approved security required.—Apply to W. ELLIS & CO.,, 
Limited, 23, Bartlett’s Buildings, Holborn Circus, London, E.C. 





WIEEDLES, SEWING MACHINES. — WILLIAM 
4* HEATH, jun., 30 years’ manufacturer in England, 2 years’ in 
America. Needles made onthe American principle, best quality only. 
Price and samples with pleasure.—Web Heath Works, Redditch. 
Honorable mention awarded to William Heath, Paris Exhibition, 


1867. 
Machine, ts. 6d. per gallon; Cycle Burning, Is. 9d. 


0 | L per gallon; Cycle Lubricating, 1s. 6d. per gallon, 


&e. Correspondence solicited—Isaac Spencer & Co, (late Lady 
Bridge Oil Works), High Street, Hull. 





Our cash prices for finest Sewing Machine Oils are : 
—2 02., 148.3 3 0Zi, 16s. 5 4 0z., 18s. per gross, in 
panelled bottles. Oil guaranteed the best ; oils 
matched. Every kind of oil loose—Sewing 





eee 1, 1894. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


A NEW PRINCIPLE SEWING MACHINES, 


SOOOSSSSSESSESEHS SSE OSEE SPE SE SESS SOO POSE HOO OOEO SOO SESESO DOSED O OEE ELEDOSO OOOH OESOOOOOSOEODEOEOOD 


Flanagan! 2-Reel sewing Machine, 
































OF 
Works with = Simple, Quick, 
Two Common Ip a 
Wood Reels, | 
Light-running 
holding 300 | 
Yards of Thread Lockstitch 
each, PONS RSS Machine. 
_ 


oh oe 


MANUFACTURED ALSO AS A HAND MACHINE, 
The Machine of the Future. — 














Ap 7 [-) 





This illustration shows the principle of the FLANAGAN TWO- 
REEL MACHINE, with the looper carrying the loop of the top 
thread round a common wood reel of thread underneath. 

This solves in a practical manner the problem that has 
puzzled the Sewing Machine World ever since Sewing Machines 
were invented. 


A 


PHOSOSSSGSSSSSSHOHSOHSOSOOOOS 


| Manufactory and Offices ..— 
WELLFIELD WORKS, CLAYTON-LE-MOORS, 


Near ACCRINGTON, LANCASHIRE: 
DEALERS; WRITE’ FOR TERMS. 






























Dec. t, 1894. 




















The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


19,599. E. Cornely, for improvements in cutting apparatus as 
applied to embroidering machines. 

19,671. J. L. Durward, improvements in, or relating to, brakes for 
perambulators. 

19,789. F. R. Brauer, for improvements in chain Stitch sewinz 
machines. 

19,893. A. S. Strutt, for improvements in sewing machines. 

19,975. S. Lowe, for improvements in knitting machinery. 

20,025. F. Aldous, for a new or improved child’s mail cart with 
revolvable body, 

20,135. A.W. Cochran, for improvements in knotters for sewing 
machines, 

20,201. H.P. Trueman, for improved apparatus and means for 
adapting commercial reels of thread for use in the under thread 
carriers of sewing machines. 

20,257. L. Neville, for improved apparatus for cutting button- 


holes. 

20,282. W.E.McGennis, for an improved emery wheel attachment 
for sewing machines. 

20,333. S. Wheeldon, for rollers for sewing machines and stands, 
or any other kind of table on which sewing machines can be worked. 

20,552. A. Logan, forimprovements in shuttle carriers or throwers 
for book sewing machines. 

20,644. D: Flanagan, for improvements in two-reel sewing 
machines. ~ 

20,813. J. Chappell and T. R. Rossiter, for improvements in 
multiple needle sewing machines. 

20,835. G. F. Sturgess, for a needle for knitting machines, and a 
new method of building knitted loops. 

21,096. J. T.B. King, for improvements in children’s mail carts, or 
the like. 


GEO. TOWNSEND & 6O., 
SEWING MACHINE 


NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS, 


GIVRY WORKS, REDDITCH, 


Advise the TRADE that they Manufacture none but first quality needles 
for every description of work, Buy no others but those bearing oar TRADE 
mark, 2 WHITE ring on BLUE shank. None genuine but own make. A 
quantity of Shuttles and Fittings in Stock at PRESENT DAY prices. 


London Agent: J. P. ALLEN, 12, WALBROOK, E.C. 
SEND FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES. 


STRONG TOYS, 


SUITABLE FOR COMING SEASON'S TRADE, 


SPLENDID SELECTION OF 


HORSES, ROCKINGS, SWINGS, 
—— TRIGYCLES, &e. 


Also TOY PRAMS, CARS, &c., 
ON SHOW AT FIRST FLOOR, 


9, FOSTER LANE, LONDON, E.C., 


9 a.m. to 6 p.m. 


LE.OWD & Co., 


MANUFACTURERS, 
BOROUGH, S.E: 

















UNITED STATES PATENTS. 

_ Issurp anD DaTED SEPTEMBER 18TH, 1894. 
526,325. G. R. Peare, Lynn, Mass., shoe sewing machine. 
526,335. S.H. Wheeler, Chicago, IIl., sewing machine. 

IssUED AND DATED SEPTEMBER 25TH, 1894. 
526,393. J.T. Hogan, Jersey City, N.J., feeding mechanism for 
button-hole sewing machines. 
526,470. J. Vannette, Tiffin, Ohio, sewing machine. 
526,405. G. A, Stafford, Montague, Tex., quilting mechanism for 
sewing machines. i 
IssUED AND DaTED OCTOBER 2ND, 1894, 
527,019. E.L. Lang and F. H. Daniell, Franklin Falls, N.H., 
thickening thread mechanism for knitting machines, 
IssuUED AND DATED OcToBER 97H, 1894. 
527,113. S. Jaros, Hartford, Conn., knitting machine. 
527,288, J. B. Price, Wollaston, Mass., sewing machine. 


527,348. G. H. Scetrine and G. Cade, London, England, sewing 
machine. 


— 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Iron and Steel Work for Bath Chairs, Bassi- 
nettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
ae best workmanship at low prices for 
cash, 


G. WHALLEY & 60., 


EAGLE IRON WORKS, 








“f 


ay 











Established 1849. 











: MANUFACTURERS OF 
Washing, Wringing, and g& 
Mangling Machines. 


2 GOLD MEDALS AND 7 SILVER MEDAL * 
AWARDED SINCE 1893. 


NEW LIST ON APPLICATION. 


THE WONDERFUL ORCHESTRAL ORGANETTE, 












Direct from the 
Patentees and Sole 
Manufacturers, at = 

WHOLESALE PRICES, ? 


St = Organette for SS = (Cash, 


Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
when first 10/- is paid. : 


Write at once for 
Catalogue of tunes 
and full particulars. 
























3 Stops, = 
Yox-humana, By Reyal 
< 2 ll, Letters 
Expression, 2 Z ae 
and Flute. | : it. 
ate We Mere: 
Complete = ae 
ae Can Play it. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 





For PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CARJ FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD,, 
who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. 


Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Yan Wheels, 


a large quantity always in stock. 


TIMEPIECES 16/6 PER DOZ. 


SPLENDID VALUE. Mtn | 





NOTICE. 





All pages missing from this volume are those of ApvervisrmEnts only, and a 


specimen of each cee! published in the volume will be found 4 in the issuev 


of Butt aly. Ale Mecky eer) ae NT ot 1 ee tee 9 2, 
VA ¢ y 
ES ea eee Cea eee ae and in the selected sheets 
 * at the end of the volume. ; 


5144 lb —500 


28 : The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Dec. zt, 1894. 

















The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, £.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


19,599. E. Cornely, for improvements in cutting apparatus as 
applied to embroidering machines. 

19,671. J. L. Durward, improvements in, or relating to, brakes for 
perambulators. 

19,789. F. R. Brauer, for improvements in chain Stitch sewing 
machines. 

19,893. A. S. Strutt, for improvements in sewing machines. 

19,975. S. Lowe, for improvements in knitting machinery. 

20,025. . Aldous, for a new or improved child’s mail cart with 
revolvable body, 

20,135. A.W. Cochran, for improvements in knotters for sewing 
machines. 

20,201. H.P. Trueman, for improved apparatus and means for 
adapting commercial reels of thread for use in the under thread 
carriers of sewing machines. 

20,257. L. Neville, for improved apparatus for cutting button- 
holes. 

20,282. W.E.McGennis, for an improved emery wheel attachment 
for sewing machines. 

20,333. S. Wheeldon, for rollers for sewing machines and stands, 
or any other kind of table on which sewing machines can be worked. 

20,552. A. Logan, for improvements in shuttle carriers or throwers 


for book sewing machines. 
lan Bae a mo Yea on} EES c 


VUTinwee ow VU TIVE vEnvuulT Vv TuUAYL, 





SPLENDID SELECTION OF 


HORSES, ROCKINGS, SWINGS, 
TRIGYCLES, &e. 


Also TOY PRAMS, CARS, &c.,, 
ON SHOW AT FIRST FLOOR, 


9, FOSTER LANE, LONDON, E.C., 


9 a.m. to 6 p.m. 


LE.OWD & Co., 


MANUFACTURERS, 
BOROUGH, S.E: 








FoR 





UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IssueD AND DATED SEPTEMBER I8TH, 1894. 
526,325. G. R. Peare, Lynn, Mass., shoe sewing machine. 
520,335. S.H. Wheeler, Chicago, IIl., sewing machine, 
IssUED AND DATED SEPTEMBER 25TH, 1894. 
526,393. J.T. Hogan, Jersey City, N.J., feeding mechanism for 
button-hole sewing machines. 
526,470. J. Vannette, Tiffin, Ohio, sewing machine. ; 
526,465. G. A. Stafford, Montague, Tex., quilting mechanism for 
sewing machines. : 
IssuUED AND DATED OCTOBER 2ND, 1894. 
527,019. E.L. Lang and F. H. Daniell, Franklin Falls, N.H., 
thickening thread mechanism for knitting machines, 
IssUED AND DaTeD OcTOBER 9TH, 1894. 
527,113. S. Jaros, Hartford, Conn., knitting machine. 
527,288, J. B. Price, Wollaston, Mass., sewing machine. 
527,348. G. H. Scetrine and G. Cade, London, England, sewing 
machine. 


= 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Iron and Steel Work for Bath Chairs, Bassi- 
nettes, and Mail Cars, The newest designs 
ae best workmanship at low prices for 
cash. 








P WUAILIEW o nn 


) 





S42 = Organette for GBS= Cash, 
Or on Easy Payments of 10/- deposit and 5/- monthly. Price 40/- Delivered 
i when first 10/- is paid. : 

















3 Stops, 
By Royal 
Vox-humana, tie 
Expression, pas 
and Flute. i 
ae £ Ih i Ou al GT Mere: 
te a f (o ae Hic i Child 
a can Play it. 
Reeds. | iY 





Plays Hymns, Popular Airs, Quadrillés, Waltzes, Polkas, Reels, Hornpipes, 
etc., etc. Any tune can be played with artistic effect by anyone. No Musical 
knowledge required. MOST MARVELLOUS INSTRUMENT IN THE 
WORLD. Money returned to anyone dissatisfied. Send for full particulars 
of instalment system. 


THE ENGLISH ORGANETTE FACTORY, BLACKBURN. 





PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CARJ FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE IRONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD,, 
who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. 


Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, 
a large quantity always in stock. 
TIMEPIECES 16/6 PER DOZ. 


BPLENDID VALUE. 
























AAAEE AY PLAIN STITCH SEWING MACHINES. 40 pr rivur 


















THE JOURNAL OF\/ | tp 


PD 
Pomc ste gone 





SEWING, WASHING EBRD TG MACHINES. 
, CHILDRENS CARRIAGES, : “tay 





gueeeme a 1 Menthty pu Ee t “THE Ss EES Sous AND BASS CREE 











Vol. XXIII., No. 293. ~~ JANUARY ist, 1895. 















Monthly, Price 4d: 


Post Free 38s. 6d.gee Pr nm. 





JONES’ 




















































































































The Illustration shows the Arm and Bed of the Machine cut 


away in order to give a full view of the simplicity of its working 





Machine Made asa Hand Machine on Wood 
Base or Jreadle Machine on Stand. | 


A NEW SHUTTLE SEWING MACHINE 


ON ENTIRELY NEW LINES. 
The SIMPLEST, QUIETEST, ,° LIGHTEST-RUNNING 


SEWING MACHINE EVER PRODUCED. 
TT WILL PAY AGENTS TO SEE THIS NEW MACHINE. 


JONES’ SEWING MACHINE CO. Limd, GUIDE BRIDGE, nr. Manchester. 





‘hk For Upholsterers, Ironmongers, Bakers, 
Corn Dealers, Warehousemen, Stationers, 
Dairymen, Laundries, &c., &e. 






























































































































































ESTIMATES FREE. 








































































FOR ALL ea SEASONS AND 
CLIMA 


THE NEW PATENT 


“SIMMONS GIG.” « 





















































BABLAA Aha W ARAN Oa 











ADVANTAGES— 

1, Patent Hood, with smoothround top rnd 
sides to detach or roll up. ‘The little 
rider can Jook out at the sides and enjoy 
plenty of fresh air, 

2. Can be used as & ope or as a bassinette 

for baby to lie down, 

3. Guaranteed artistic and 




















ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. 


SIMMONS & CO, 


3,5, & 7, TANNER STREET, SE. _ 


(Near London Bridge Railway Station) 


























Dhetin nian SDT MANVANOR ) OA Kldovedoto Ctnnat 




















“ANIHOWIAL DNIMGAG %s°a poe sseouarz oun , FTONVWACY, AML 








THE “ WHITE” SEWING 1G MACHINES 


ARE STILL THE BEST. 


ger WE SAY THIS AND WE MEAN IE: 








MACHINES LOCKSTITCH 





BY HAND OR MACHINES 
JREADLE FROM 4.5/- 
ue Easy Payments, 





5 YEARS’ WARRANTY. 











BOTH COMBINED. = 

















Write for Price List and Samples of Work. Post free on application, 


White Sewing Machine Co., 
48, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON. 








RIDE A WIN -CYCLE 


AND un SER 


"PNEUMATIC OR ‘CUSHION TYRES. 


ALL LATEST IMPROVEMENTS. 













( WANTED. ) 


Petes eee 


( AGENTS ) 


eRADUAL : MACHINES 
PAYHENTS f \\Weicurs 
withour | TO SUIT 
EXTRA \ ALL 
COST RIDERS 







































































earings throughout. 


WHITE SEWING MAGE INE Co., 


48S, Holborn Viaduct, London. 











JAN. I, 1395. rand Sewing Machine Gazette, 3 
ASS ipl ee eS aa ae SI mene ha vine ae ce Ane SS a ee SR 


-F, are specially adapted 
for MANUFACTURING PUR- 
POSES, for all kinds of plain 
work, for dressmakers, for 
linen, corset, hosiery, and 
boot Factories, 

HEADS ONLY, to be driven 
by power for Factory trade. . 

SIMPLE, DURABLE, and? 
LIGHT-RUNNING. : 











































































































































































































Manufactured by: “H” Oscil ttle Sewing Machine. 
G. M. PFAFF, Kaiserslautern. 


SOLE IMPORTERS FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM: 


WILHELM & GO., 132, Wool Exchange, LONDON, E.C. 
SPECIAL NOTIGE—IMPORTANT TO THE TRADE. 


THE “NEW BRANSTON™ 


“> A) o An. - te . 
Two-Reel Sewing Moaenine Go,, 
LIMITED, 

Having completed their factory, and the Machinery for producing their 

new Patent Two-Reel Sewing Machine, which makes a PERFECT 

~LOCK-STITCH, WORKING DIRECT FROM TWO ORDINARY REELS 

OF COTTON, DOING AWAY WITH ALL WINDING OF SPOOLS, invite 
Dealers and Users to inspect same at their Showrooms: 

















59, Molborn Viaduct, London, F.C. 


The Company are ready to appoint responsible Agents in each 
district for the sale of their Machines, and invite applications for 
agencies. Thisis agood opportunity for any Dealer to combat with 
the competition of the present day. 


HAND, FAMILY, AND MANUFACTURING MACHINES, 











4 ‘The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN. 1, 1895. 


BIESOLT & LOCKE, EISEN, SAXONY, 


“sam | SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS. “i 
NON- CE WITHOUT 













































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Perfected Automatic Hand and Treadle Sewing Machines for 
Domestic and Trade use. 12 patentedimprovements. Working 


B. & L. Machine, Lt. B. (high-arm) for family use ith New Parts finest tempered steel. Appearance superb. Undoubtedly 
é ; ( 8 ) y BN W the best Machine in the market. Silent, uniform, rapid, easy 


Shaped Stand. movement. 


‘ SPECIALITY-SACK-SEWING and the ‘* Nee > SACK-CUTTING MACHINES. 


WHOLESALE AG. 


C. ZSCHWINZSCHER, 102, Fenchurch Street, LONDON, E.C. 


AGEN TS WANTED. 


G. H. WELLS & CO.,/ ISAIAH LEES & SONS, 












































map leecen eure BRIDGE END RUBBER WORKS, 
3 PHG@NIX WORKS, BISHOP STREET, BIRMINGHAM] ny KINFIELD, near MANCHESTER. 
ESTABLISHED 1862. Makers of all kinds of Cycle Tyres, Cushions, and Solids, also 
“a Bassinette Tyres and Cement, which cannot be equalled att the price. 
HAMMOCKS _ (The “ Wonder.’’) WHOLESALE AGENTS— 
LONDON : ScorLann : BELFAST ; 
Mounted on four 20-inch Wheels, all lete. ci p : 
ce i rs ee The American | The Victoria B. Johnston & Co, 
olesale Taae on 248, €ach, Or Ss. « €AC. . x 
odode trek oe Wringer Co., Manufacturing C0.,| 5 vor sereet, 
122, Southwark Street, | 78 to 82, Hanover St., 
PARTICULARS and DRAWING ON APPLICATION. S.E. Glasgow. Belfast. 





ENTWISLE & KENYON’S 
Accrington Mangles 


AT 
Keighley Prices. 
DESIGNED FOR HARD USAGE, 


No BETTER SEASONED ROLLERS IN EXISTENOE. 


Write for List or send your Name on post card 
and Traveller shall call. 


OTHER SPECIALTIES IN 
Carpet Sweepers, Meat Choppers, Step 
Ladders, Draught Excluders, cc. 


ENTWISLE & KENYON, 


ACCRINGTON: 








J an. 1, 1895. 
































Machine Tools for Electrical Engineers, 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


BRADBURY’S SEWING MACHINES BRADBURY & a 


Are the Simplest, and require least attention. 


BRADBURY’S SEWING [\JACHINES 


Make a beautiful and perfect Lock-stitch on all 
materials. 


BRADBURY'S SEWING [YJACHINES 


Have more Patented Improvements than any 
other Machines. 


BRADBURY’S SEWING |JACHINES 


Are the quickest and simplest Lock-stitch Machines 
in the world. 


BRADBURY’S SEWING [\JACHINES 


Best Machines ‘or Dealers. 


-BRADBURY’S SEWING [V/ACHINES 


Have obtained the Highest Awards at all the 
Great Exhibitions. Over 200 Virst Prizes. 


BRADBURY'S SEWING [VJACHINES 


Have been awarded 13 Gold Medals since 1879. 


BRADBURY'S SEWING [MACHINES 


Liberal Terms to Agents. 


BRADBURY’S GEWING |\[ACHINES 


Agents Wanted in certain Districts. 


Send for Price Lists and 
Testimonials. 


LIMITED, 
OLDHAM, 


MAKERS OF 


CYCLES, 


SMALL BENCH 
DRILLING 
MACHINES, 


CAPSTAN LATHES, 
SLIDE LATHES, 
HAND LATHES, 


CUTTER GRINDING 
MACHINES, 


PUNCHING 
MACHINES, 


STAMPING 
MACHINES, 


MILLING MACHINES, 
&c., &e: 





Estimates and Catalogues Free 


ON APPLICATION TO 


WELLINGTON WORKS, 
OLDHAM. 








BRADBURY’S No. 34. 














































































































bury s 












































BRADBURY’S No. 30. : 




















































































































































































































































































































































































































light coloured Crockett’s leather, with tan hood. 


Handsome Wood body, with square ends, handsomely painted in buff 
| inrelief. Wheels, axles, springs, &c., painted to match the body. 
' Suspended by straps to semi-circular springs, mounted on 23 in, 
_wheels, fitted with two turned wood handles, &c. It is upholstered in 


woollen carriage cloth. 


brass joints. 











Handsome Landau body, with oval ends and ornamental beading 
on the sides, elegantly painted in coach style, upholstered in the best 
The body is suspended by stron’ stp : 
shackle springs, mounted on 25 in, rubber tyre bivyc 
Fitted with twisted brass handle levers, China handle, w:'! 


loose cushions, cloth lined straps. and rere st 


| BRADBURY & GO., Ltd., WELLINGTON WORKS, OLDHAM. 








se a aie i CR amr een acta, sick” ak Tes CE Made Msp Nae tea A aN Net Dhan sh Pye AED Pa ATE STIS LEW OM Abe wets 6) et ——————_ _ Py ‘ore “SVP Pra sie) 
SAGO PST ELS ATE LAAN 9a a i a die) LR ICS aie ore a Acad) ek re) 


aH 
4 


3i The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN. 1, 1895. 


THELEGRAMs—“ ROTHSCHILD, BIRMINGHAM.” 


Write for Our Illustrated Catalogue 
PRINTED IN NINE COLOURS 









—a Work of Art. 









































hl ll le ll ol 


=a Pe Now, PNEUMATIC 
PERAMBULATORS: 
From 4.Q)/= each. 
= UP-TO-DATE 
NOVELTIES 


WH (eh TTS In all Classes of Goods. 
































































































































31 & 32, ST. PAUL’S SQUARE, BIRMINGHAM. 


TAYLOR & WILSON, 
ATLAS WORKS, ACCRINGTON, 


MANUFACTURERS OF 


Washing, Wringing, & Mangling Machines 


OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 


Our Productions have obtained 


200 Medals & First Awards. 


Tumout—300 MACHINES PER WEEK. 


WANTED—All Mangle Buyers to send Post Card for Catalogue and Reduced Lists. 


Le (a Gea ae 


A a Oe Te oe Ok ie ae ae 


Jaw. 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 7 
ab sa as cag ete aR OL IS = Aamir erie oe as a oes tS ee 


THE “SPRAY” WASHER. 


Gold Medal awarded at the Lancashire Industrial Exhibition, 1893. 
—<— = 


The “SPRAY” is a 
It is the most perfect 
Wringer and Mangle, 
Washer ever offered, 
with Washing Machine 























and dealers haye a 















































attached, and takes up 





























splendid opportunity 











no more room than the 











to make money b 
ordinary Mangle. It ess: 


: ne 
works well, quickly, introducing it to thei 


customers. 
and very easy, and 


: Catalogue and trade 
is as easy to work full 


terms on application, 
as empty. 


Sols Manufacturers : THE CHERRY TREE MACHINE CO.,LTD., CHERRY TREE, near BLACKBURN, 
London Showroom, &c.—R, J, JOHNS, 59, HOLBORN VIADUCT, E.C. 


The “Phenix” Rotary Sewing Machines, 


Pe ae THE BEST, THE MOST 
Co — RAPID, AND THE 
MOST DURABLE 

SEWING MACHINES 

IN EXISTENCE. 4 


LETTER F.—For Family Use 
and Light Manufac- 
turing Purposes. 

LETTER D.—Medium Size 
Machine, for Manu- 
facturing Purposes. 

LETTER E.—Large Manufac- 
turing Machine. 

LETTER F.—Hand Machine, 
on Wooden Base, 
with Elegant Wood- 
work. 































































DEALERS WANTED 


where not Represented. 


BAER&REMPEL, 


BIELEFELD, Germany. 






































































































































The Journal of Domestic E Apollances Taw. Th, ee 


NOTHMAN N Sewing Machines. 































































































































































































NOTHMANN'S ws 
NEW SHUTTLE, NOTHMANN'S 
WITH LID. PATENT 

NOISELESS 

TAKE-UP. 





With this New Shuttle ALL IMFOR: ANT PARTS ANS 


























ADJUSTABLE 
the insertion of the Bobbin 
=- FIRST-CLASS 
andthreadingof theThread = = WORKMANSHIP. 
































































































































SILENT MOTION. 
GREAT DURABILITY. 


GEBR. NOTHMANN, comune scone BERLIN 


7 eee Eee om, E. RAUSNITZ, 184, Aldersgate Street, LONDON, E.C. 


Illustrated Price List free on application. Sub-Agencies for any town or district arranged. 


Missing GAPPQGE noe » THEM 


Made in three Classes 
CLASS A. Papier-maché body, well 
painted and upholstered, wood 
hammock handles, wheels, 20in.x20in. 
PRICE 24/- EACH. 
Or 22/6 each for an order of six. 


CASH WITH ORDER.) 
SEE THE 


CARTETTE, 


Uircular wicker body, bent shafts, 
21 in. wheels, 
8/- each cr 7/6 each per dozen order. 


PULL YLLUSTRATED PRICE LIST on Application. 


is exceedingly Simple. 




















































































































































































































(ESTABLISHED 18623) 


Ur tla WELLO W Ge Satew WORKS, “i We BIRIMINGHAM 


RD res | 








JAN. 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gaze te, - 9 


VICTORIA GYCLES 


TR 
wodeeeloolestoaootoeteateetes lenses 


ee 
ns%ectectestestoctecton™ Pns%ecteetestecteeteetestocteet es%estostectectonts Po s%ec%ectectectectestestostestestes% 
SSO SK KK So PO OO eo KK KT 


SOME OF THE 
in their Construction: 


LARGE TUBES. 

LARGE CHAIN WHEELS, 
DETACHABLE CHAIN WELLS. 

SKELETON CROWNS. 


NEW STEERING LOCK. 
NARROW TREAD. 


HIGH-BUILT FRAMES, 
BUSHED JOINTS. 





] Pon’t place your ORDERS until you have 
seen SAMPLES of our NEW MODELS 


x 


“‘S'IAGOW ASAHN Ano JO SAIdMWWS 403} GANAS 


STERLING VALUE 


AND 


SPLENDID FINISH. 


—a-_41s e 


iSGorIdd AKAOIT pu&e GTNIWA dGCIGnNna1ds 


AGENTS 





‘ELE; 


“VICTORIA” MANUFACTURING CO., 


Works: 78 To 82, HANOVER STREET 
OrFices: 71, CATHEDRAL STREET | GLASGOW. 


=o 
ag 


aa 











: 





PETROL I Ur aT, range RNY OL) ANE St et “ag haley. ee erat ss fuincdicy ae 


The Journal of Domestic Onc Jan. 1, 1295 


THE VERTICAL | FEED SEWING MAGHINE. 


GREAT 


IMPROVEMENTS, 


Making their lead the more 
in advance of any other 
Sewing Machine in the 

World. 

















































































































































































































SEND FOR PRICK LIST and 
SAMPLES OF WORK. 












































































































































24, 


ALDERSGATE STREET, 


LONDON, E.C.- 








Agents Wanted where not 
represented. 


H. KOCH & CO., Bielefeld. 


SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS. 














































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































THE “ADLER” SEWING MACHINE 


FOR FAMILY AND MANUFACTURING PURPOSES. 


Botary Motion, Latest Improvements, Very Rapid, Highly 
Finished, and most Durable. 


# AVERY MACHINE GUARANTEED. # 


SOLE AGENTS FOR HOME AND EXPORT— 


JOLPH Y2, Paver Street, Red Cross Street, 
aay ibid 


MAYER & Al er Sten ed Ors 


















































AMES SME PRO 


JAN. 1, 1895. 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 





description 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 













IT 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 


List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 








London Agent — 
Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 





and 
quality, 09, Holborn 
to Viaduct, 
suit D> sate 
all Bea ‘ 
Trades. CZ. : on EAR po ss 
= AlN as ue ty EX > 
Ke ? SS) Calalogue ae ieesnccnitcl E a ‘ 


(= THE HALESOWEN PBRAMBULATUK GU, Limited, HALESOWEN, neat BIRMINGHAM 
THE NEW PATENT “J” MACHINE, 





The NEW ‘IDEAL’ KNITTER. 


INCREDIBLY | 
SIMPLE, 


SPEEDY, AND 
PERFECT. 





Patent Automatic 
Cams and 
Latch Openers. 











For Scotch Knickerbocker Hose, in Checks, etc. 


Various other New Features in 
- Hand and Power Knitting Machines. 





Testimomals from leading Houses—Home and Export 


Illustrated Catalogue, Samples, &c., 


post free on application. 


G. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica St., Glasgow. Leicester Showrooms: 34a, HIGH CROSS ST. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—3d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


HUNTS AUTOMATIC - LIGHTING CYCLE 
LAMPS.—The ‘ Norfolk ” was admired by everybody at the 
For agency and terms write, 71, Bridge Street, 





Stanley Show. 
Norwich. 





BELTS ! BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
Machines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 
lengths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Tarvie’s, 120, 
Kirkdale Road, Liverpool. 





INGER’S, 2s. gross ; Bradbury Elastic, best mil 
grooved, 4s. 6d. per gross.—S. COX & CO., Alcester. 





CYCLES.— Write the Victoria Manufacturing Com- 
pany for Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. You will find it to 
your advantage. Accessories and Repairs at keenest prices. Agents 
wanted everywhere.—78 t> 82, Hanover Street, and 71, Cathedral 
Street, Glasgow. 


GEWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 

first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices, Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. } 








ANTED,| by young man (24), SITUATION in 

Sewing Machine and Perambulator Department, one with good 

knowledge of the\trade—Apply A. Lingard, 144, Victoria Street, 
Grimsby, 


ANTED, TO APPOINT AN AGENT in London 

and District, for the sale of Bassinettes, Mail Carts, Bath 

Chairs, &c. Salary and commission.—Apply by letter, Harrop, 
Manufacturer, 55, Tib Street, Manchest er, 





VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 

represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 
London, E.C. 





HE IDEAL KNITTER.—The Machine, at last, 


which will give you No Trouble (see advertisement elsewhere). 
A few Sole Agencies still open where not represented.—Write at 


once, G. Stibbe, Glasgow. 
£50 OFFERED FOR PARROTS that repeat 

“ Dunkley’s Baby Car Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds- 
ditch, London, or Birmingham. 











BELTS.—Round leather Belts, 44 to 48 in,, 14s,; 
54 to 57 in., 16s. per gross. Best English make. Or in 200 
feet lengths. 
OILS.—Extra Refined Sewing Machine Oil, 4 0z. white flat bottles, 
I6s. 6d. per gross. Attractively put up samples, 3 stamps. 
OILS.—JOB LINE (100 gross only), Extra Refined Sewing 
Machine, 2 oz. white flat bottles, 11s. per gross; 3 doz. sample box for 
3s. 6d, nett cash. 
J. W. CABLE & CO, 
35, Clerkenwell Road, London, E.C. | 
nT 
(See page 30 for other advertisements.) 











12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Bao ea VERT 
" TA Pa SVR Ny 
he oah | oy 


JAN. 1, 1895. 





CHE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1s. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. | & 


Subsckiption.—e2s. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter post free. 
SEWELL @ Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 














Last Year's 
Trade. 


matters, even in prosperous times, but in “lean” years, 
perhaps, the contrast is at its greatest. There can be zo 


question that the country, as a whole, suffered severely | : ‘ y é 
| here is the great thing, how many salesmen are efficient 


during the first half of 1894, but a bountiful harvest was 
expected to mend matters. Well, the crops, on the whole, 


turned out highly satisfactory, but the price of wheat | 
5 | should proceed, for, whatever firm they may represent, 


has been lower than that recorded for some 200 years. 
Thus the harvest has not assisted in the slightest degree 
to revive our industries, and many millions of money, 


which would have found their way into the towns had | 
the farmers fared well, have been entirely lost to com- | 
merce. Financial men are now mournfully asking them- | 


selves will prices never advance? We shall not pretend 


to answer the question, suffice it to say that it 1s a sur- | 


prising commentary on modern institutions that manu- 


facturers in many of our stapleindustries are longing from | 
day to day to pay higher prices for their raw material. | 


Dealing particularly with the machine and kindred 
trades, we believe that, on the whole, last year was an 


improvement on its predecessor. Cycles and prams did | 


certainly not pay so well as in 1893, but the present | P 
y pay a8 P | class of sewing you can do on the machine that really 


mangle season, we are inclined to think, is more satis- 


factory than the last. As to sewing machines, we think | 


the volume of sales and the rate of instalments show a 


decided improvement. The failures among dealers were | 
o A | just nice—will run off the bobbin smoothly. Having 


not so numerous, nor the amounts so large as in 1893, 


and we hazard the opinion that, on the whole, the credit | 


of the average dealer is higher to-day than it was a year 
ago. 


The Draper 
Again. : : 
universal providers. 


legitimate competitors. 


soon figure in the London Gazette. 


with furnishing houses,” which, be it said, include 
drapers. Now their goods, which include fenders, coal- 
boxes, and tea-trays, will, in all probability, be treated as 


find it wise to consider if some form of retaliation is not 


possible. The weakest point in the armour of the draper } 4 bit further advanced and more able to speak to your 


| would-be customers 
} usual, to the shop. I myselt should, if not too far, return 
| at once. Why? 
| in this trade especially are dangerous. 
| returned as regards ‘‘ Appro. No. 1” for the pony and 
| trap ; and the machine cannot be delivered till the morn- 


is the millinery and fancy department, aud if the iron- 
monger and sewing machine dealer, and the dozen other 
trades interested, were to use the drapers’ best-paying 
lines as ‘call birds,” would it not bring Mr. Draper ie 
his knees? The draper is insensible to appeals to his 
honour and fairplay, and it is quite time that other 
measures were tried, for he is fast bringing down prices 
to a ruinous level. 


Our readers must excuse the length of 
The Injunction the report of a lawsuit given in the 
Case. present issue. As an independent 
organ, when a quarrel arises between 
two firms in the trade, raising important issues, We must 
assuredly report same. To summarise the proceedings in 
Kings.v. Singer would clearly lay us open to the charge 
of favouring one side or the other. To give the case 
verbatim, then, is the only way we can deal fairly with 
both parties and keep our own honour untarnished, and 
this we have done, but at the expense, we fear, of the 
displeasure of many readers who would haye preferred 
to them, more interesting reading, 


Most of our readers will, no doubt, | 


very shortly be balancing their books, | 09 ‘The Mistakes we Make ;” I now offer additional facts 


and learn how fared their last year’s 


trade. Experiences, of course, vary considerably in trade | ase date Agere 
| the first great thing is to get the machine in the house 


A curious sign of i i Bae : : 
os gn of the times is the | yourself at the machine in the mechanic’s shop. Put in 
conversion of drapery concerns into | 


There would, of | ¢: : : : 
. Bec te : | friend the mechanic at hand—as it were a child at school. 
course, be nothing t ; ; ; : ; 

’ : ul oe fault with if drapers were | For as yet, in the sewing machine world, if you are as I 
t 1s notorious, however, that | 


pee ee amare Of een oe aon that, did they | real sense of the word. But suppose, you say, we keep no 
Pp 9 Che RENAN) wore eee re would | mechanic now comes the task to overcome—this I say 

S 1 ardwareman } i 1t 

informs its readers that three large hardware-manufac- | Ee ae Raa 


turing concerns have just “resolved in future to deal | 


| “No, 1,” 








HOW TO OVERCOME SOMA OF THE 
MISTAKES WE MAKE. 


By Caries H. PracHEey (STAFFORD). 
Nose: 


In my former remarks I suggested what I considered 
a remedy in connection with Mr. A.V. Eteran’s notes 


and suggestions for canvassers’ guidance. 
Superintendents and managers, as a rule, consider that 


of the pro-customer. Quite correct ; but if that delivery 
is followed by the efficient salesman and operator—and 


to give instructions ? I fear thousands are only that in 
name. I will, therefore, in their case, point out how they 


doubtless they keep a mechanic. Let these canyassers 


| try to make hima friend rather than consider that because 


they do not dirty their hands they are a little higher in 
their own estimation. This I have experienced many a 
time, and what are the results? The canvasser some- 
times gets intoafix, then he seeks the aid of the one whom 
he hasconsidered the “ working man.’’ With what result ? 
The one is averse to the other. Hereis the way to over- 
come that mistake, whether the canvasser has been a long 
or short time in the business. The master of the practical 
situation is the mechanic. Then] say tosuch canyassers, 


| ask the said mechanic to give you an outline of the proper 


and practical points of the machine you are handling ; 
how to properly adjust its tension, top and bottom ; the 


cannot be done by hand; above all, master the treadling 
first. Now see to your underthread. Ask him to show 
you its real simplicity ; see that your under tension is 


done this, go to the upper, get this as near the bobbin as 
you can. Lake now your material—and I willsuggest the 


| best calico, because cheap material is a damage to any 


man who want to show off his machine. Now seat 


an hour, and if any little thing goes amiss you have your 
have stated non-practical, you are still at school in the 


Ask your employer to 
allow you to have a machine in the backroom, or even 
a light cellar, and to also include the instruction book. 


| Put your heart and mind intoit, and spend, say, one hour 
} each day for a week, but by all means never ask the 


t é 1 | instructress might refuse on ground 
“call birds,” and not as a source of legitimate profit. If } ea as eae ee 
this sort of thing is to continue, other tradesmen will | E 


Now, having become quite acquainted 
sewing, off you go. Still, 
over confident as yet until 


with 
mind 


ordinary plain 
MOU AtOnmDe 

“Appro. No. 1”; you return, as 

Because I have experienced that delays 


Now you have 


ing, which if out I should say to the firm ‘I will take 
it myself on a truck,” Lecause you have a fear Mr. So- 
and-So will ur his machine in. Having obtained con- 


| sent, take the pro-customer the machine and ask Madam 
| to let you give a lesson, and it’s 50 to 1 if you speak to 
| her ina proper and genial way she will at once fall in with 
| your wishes and take a lesson. 


Now, having got the customer seated, do the same by 
her as your friend the mechanic did by you; thusfar you 
have succeeded. Now the instructress may do her part 
as regards hemming, binding, braiding, tucking, &c., but 


| do not forget when you are passing that wav to give a 
! call with the usual morning or afternoon kind remarks, 


Now, you having so far advanced with your customer, 
accidentally pop in when the husband is at 











home, and if you are of good conversation try to induce 
him to havea chat with you; sometimes I have found a 
pipe of tobacco together was a great advantage. Above 
all, make friends with your customers. : 

I think Ihave dwelt long enough on these suggestions, 
but follow on from “‘ No. 1’ upwards, always on the same 
business grounds, and you will find you will soon over- 
come “ some of the mistakes we make.” Last menth I 
dwelt on rival customers. Now I will give an illustration 
of where I have done good business and effected sales— 
not in France, but near it. For I have sold sewing 
machines to the coastguards’ wives at Dungeness Light- 
house, and delivered the same, and given the instructions 
right bang-up to thesea, and in fact the waves have often 
washed into the houses whilst I have been there. Again, 
at Dimchurch, New Romney, and Lydd, and last, but 
not least, I have done business with H.R.H. the Duchess 
of Edinburgh at Eastwell House, in Kent,and in every 
case I never at that time kept an instructress, but did the 
teaching myself. Ihave taught the lady, the factory 
operator in Leeds, Leicester, &c., almost every class of 
machine, and I am only delighted when I am called upon 
to put right what is wrong. But I never found difficulties 
overcome without determination coupled with practical 
knowledge, and to all who have had a run like mine in 
the business my notes will sure to be of interest. 
hoping again to undertake a position in the trade, but 
wherever I am I shall be only too pleased to give my 
opinions in Zhe Sewing Machine Gazette. 1 willsay, in 
concluding these remarks, that I have taught scores of 
canvassers ‘‘how to overcome some of the mistakes we 
make.” 

I hope in another issue to dwell upon button-hole 
machines, &c., and now say to those canyassers who are 
open to be taught, follow out the foregoing and you will 
then overcome “ some of the mistakes we make.” 








LUNGS UNIVERSAL SUPPLY ELIMITE D, 7. 
THE SINGER MANUFACTURING CO. 
APPLICATION FOR AN INTERIM INJUNCTION. 


In the Divisional Court of the High Court of Justice, 
on the 6th ult., before Baron Pollock and Mr. Justice 
Grantham, the following took place :— 


Mr. JELF: May it please your lordships, | appear in this case 
with my learned friend, Mr. Rufus Isaacs, for the plaintiffs. It is 
a matter which has been before the learned Judge in Chambers 
who has sent it here. 

Mr. JusTIcCE GRANTHAM: Was it sent here by agreement of 
all parties? 

Mr. JELF: Yes,on both sides. It was before Mr. Justice Day, 
and with the consent of both parties 1t was considered to be a case 
which would be better dealt with in the Divisional Court for 
reasons your lordships will appreciate ina moment. My lords, it 
is an application for an interim injunction against the defendant 
company and arises in a way I will mention to your lordships. 
The plaintiffs are a company carrying on business as sewing 
machine manufacturers, and the defendants are the very well-known 
Singer Company who carry on the same business. _The Singer 
Company are a very great company, who have ramifications in 
eyery town and village throughout the kingdom, and who have 
agents and canvassers who are in a position to push their goods in 
every legitimate way in all parts of the country. My lords, the 
action in regard to which this application is made is an action 
brought by the plaintiffs against the defendants to recover damages 


and to obtain an injunction against the defendants upon the | 


ground that the defendants have been knowingly allowing their 
agents and canvassers through the country to carry on a system of 
disparaging the sewing machines which the plaintiffs’ customers 
have had from the plaintiffs and _ pushing upon them their 
machines, as is alleged, by the unfair means of disparaging the 
laintiffs’ machines for the express purpose of obtaining the 
aes which had passed into our hands. Of course, it is a very 
serious case which will require very careful examination when the 
matter comes on for trial, and it will be supported upon the basis 
of the last case upon the subject of Temperton v. Russell reported 
in the Ist Queen’s Bench Division, 1893, in which Lord Esher 
quoted with approval from the case of Bowen v. Hall. Temperton 
v. Russell begins on page 715. E th 
that your lordships may see I am rightly citing it: ‘The 
defendants were members of a joint committee of three trade 
unions connected with the building trade in Hull. A firm of 


builders there haying refused to obey certain rules laid down by | 
the unions with regard to building operations, the unions sought | 
to compel them to do so by preventing the supply of building | 


materials to them. In pursuance of this object, they requested 


the plaintiff, a master mason and builder in Hull, who supplied | 
building materials to the firm, to cease to supply them with such 
materials, but the plaintiff refused to do so, 


Thereupon, with the 


and Sewing Machine Gazette; . 


Tam] 


| cround for believing that this is going on. 


I will just read the head note so | 





object of injuring the plaintiff in hiss 
him to comply with such request, the defeitamts: induced persons 
who, to the knowledge of the defendants had entered into contracts 
with the plaintiff for supply of materials, to break their contracts 
and not to enter into further contracts with the plaintiff, by 
threatening that the workmen would be withdrawn from their 
employ. The plaintiff sustained damage in consequence of such 
breaches of contract and of the refusal of such persons to enter 
into contracts with him. Held, that an action was maintainable 
by the plaintiff against the defendants for maliciously procuring 
such breaches of contract and also for maliciously conspiring to 
injure him by preventing persons from entering into contracts with 
him.” That is what was alleged against the defendants there, 
and Lord Esher, in giving judgment, says this, and I cite it because 
I want to bring the matter to a point as to what the law is: ‘If 
the persuasion be used for the indirect purpose of injuring the 
plaintiff, or of benefitting the defendant at the expense of the 
plaintiff, it is a malicious act, which is in law and in fact a wrong 
act, and, therefore, a wrongful act, and therefore an actionable 
act if injury ensues from it.” That is a quotation from Bower v. 
all. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM; Who are you for? 

Mr. JELF : The plaintiffs. I do not know that it is challenged, 
that it is not a good cause of action. My lords, the point has 
arisen in this way. This action was commenced and the state- 
ment of claim was delivered, and by that statements of claim it 
is alleged that this course of conduct was being pursued by the 
defendants, and there area good many instances given of cases 
in the past where that has taken place. After the writ in this 
action, my clients discovered that, notwithstanding the issue of 
the writ and the service of the writ in this action, fresh cases 
were occurring in which the defendants were pursuing the course, 
of causing persons who were customers of the plaintiffs to return 
their sewing machines and take a Singer machine instead. We 
found fresh cases occurring, that is to say wehad information of 
several fresh cases. Thereupon we wrote to the defendants asking 
them, inasmuch as this matter was now going to be brought to 
an issue, to undertake that they would not repeat the alleged 
things which had been stated as being the cause of action. That 
is to say, we called on these gentlemen to do that which, if they 
were acting bond-fide, one would have thought they would 
be only too anxious to do, namely, to say we do not admit we 
have done this, but inasmuch as you tell us you think you are in 
a position to show that there are cases of this kind still going on, 
if you ask us that nothing of this kind shall be countenanced by 
us we will give you an undertaking. Instead of that they refuse 
to give us that undertaking. Thereupon this summons was taken 
out with a view of obtaining an interim injunction, and I hope 
to be able to show your lordships that we are entitled to it to 
prevent irreparable damage to my clients. 

Mr, JUSTICE GRANTHAM : Itis not as if it were merely slander- 
ing your title, and saying you have not a good machine, but you 
say it is inducing people with whom they have entered into 
contracts to break those contracts. 

Mr. JELF: Exactly. The company I represent deal with 


| people of all sorts and classes, and this is the sort of thing which 


happens. If one of these persons is induced to break a contract 
with us, and take a Singer machine, she tells her neighbour, and 
then the thing permeates and permeates, and goes on in such a way 
that by the time we get to the trial of the action, the mischief may 
have been done, and it is impossible to undo it. All we ask for 
is an undertaking, and before I go into the case, I may say that if 
my friends, to show their bond fides, will give that undertaking, I 
shall be satisfied. The reason we come here is because they will 
not give it, and we are going to get the strongest primd-facie proof 
that what we say is true. Namely, that with all this warning, the 
thing is still going on by the known agents of the defendants, and 
is still being carried on. I hope to be able to show, by one or two 
salient instances which J will prove, the strongest primd facie 
z These witnesses have 
been cross-examined upon these aflidavits, and whatever other 
things there may be in the affidavits, I hope to be able to shew 
the strongest prima facie ground for believing that this is going on. 
My lords, Mr. Bray, who is the managing director of the plaintitis’ 
company, alleges in the second paragraph of his affidavit that “the 
defendant company by their agents and canvassers have systemati- 
cally carried on this system of placing their own machines with the 
object of injuring the plaintiff company and its business to the 
great injury and detriment of the plaintiff company and its business, 
and in consequence whereof the plaintiff company commenced this 
action against the defendant company.” This system is what is 
set out before, namely, of interfering with these contracts and 
inducing persons to break their contracts with us. My lords, 
although there have been elaborate affidavits filed on both sides on 
this case, there has been no affidavit contradicting the system on 
the part of the defendant. There are aflidavits attempting to 
contradict the specific cases we have put forward. With resard to 
that there are only three eases we got hold of. One of those has 
been abandoned for reasons which I need not go into. The other 
two cases I present to your lordships, and on one of those I shall 
ask your lordships to say it is a clear case of the known agents of 
the defendants persistently carrying on this same system. I ask 
your lordship to make note of this, that the system as a system is 
not denied by anybody. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: Have you a statement of defence 
delivered ? 

Mr. JELF: Not yet. 

Mr. CLUER: The statement of claim was only delivered on 
November 28th. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM; I do not know that I can ask you 
Mr. Cluer, but do youadmit that you have induced them to break 
these contracts ? 

Mr. CLUER : Certainly not, 








14 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





JAN. 1, 1895. 















Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: Then why can you not give an 
undertaking ? 

Mr. CLUER; Because we cannot give an undertaking not to do 
that which we do not admit we have done. ; 

Mr. JUSTICH GRANTHAM : Ifit isa matter in dispute surely 
you can say, whatever may have happened in the past, it shall not 
happen again. 

Mr. CLurR: We shall be in the same position as if an injunction 
were granted, and the moment anything is done, however innocent, 
by us, we shall have a motion to commit. Your lordship will see 
what interference has taken place. Directly anything is done, 
these plaintiffs will be applying for attachment or sequestration or 
whatever is the proper form to apply for. Your lordship will find 
they have two cases they can rely on. Both break down, and the 
third one they withdraw because they obtained the order for the 
machine by fraud. 

Mr. JeELF: My lords, there is no affidavit suggesting the defence 
of fraud. i 

Mr. Crurr: There is your own withdrawal. We cannot give 
an undertaking because it is equivalent to an injunction. It is 
equivalent to admitting we are in the wrong, and submitting to a 
series of attacks by these plaintitis for any words alleeed by them 
to have been used by any one of our agents. ; Silipe 

Mr. JeELr: | am not asking for an injunction as to slander of 
title. What we want to prevent is the future irreparable damage 
caused by these contracts being broken. Now your lordships see 
the position. My friend knows as well as possible that itis without 
prejudice to any question, and I will state that itis. It will not 
be taken or used as in any way an admission on their part that 
they have done a single thing that is wrong. I offer that now. If 
they will not take that, then I ask your lordships to ask yourselves 
what must be the reason and motive of these gentlemen not giving 
the undertaking. My friend has introduced a matter nowhere 
touched upon in the affidavits. I know there is a hint in some of 
the cross-examinations of these witnesses with regard to our haying 
represented our machines as Singer’s, which we have never done ; 
but in the affidavits there is no suggestion at all that that is any 
ground of defence against us. Now I will proceed if they will not 
give the undertaking, and ask your lordships to say (and I hope it 

_ will take very little to satisfy your lordships) that there ought to 
be an interim injunction. 

BARON PoLuock : Have these affidavits been answered ? 

Mr, CLuER : Oh yes, and cross-examined upon. 

Mr. JmLF: All the witnesses on both sides have been cross- 
examined, 

BARON PoLLocK ; Have we the report of the examiner ? 

Mr. JeLr: Yes. Your lordships have the depositions. I shall 
be able to save time by calling attention to my strongest points. 
I did want to put foremost in the argument this, that althouch 
elaborate affidavits have been filed on both sides, the statement of 
systematic action is not alluded to. They are content to fall on us 
in detail, and take the particular cases which we have with great 
difficulty brought forward. They have tried most unsuccessfully 
to attack them, but still they only do that. They don’t attempt 
to say that they have not made this systematic attack. The first 
case I will take is Miss Botwrights’. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: That is not one of the names given 
in the statement of claim. 

Mr. Jrtr: No, with regard to the eases put forward in the 
statement of claim we have pot at present gone into them, but 
the important thing for us is, that after they know what we are 
going for we find the same thing going on, and therefore we say we 
ought to have an interim injunction. So we take only cases 
which have occurred after the writ. Now, my lords, the first case 
is the case of Miss Botwright. She says she has read paragraphs 
7 and 8 of the affidavit of Mr. Bray and that they are quite 
accurate. Mr. Bray’s statement is contained in Mr. Bray’s 
affidavit in the latter paragraph of page 7. “On March 28th 
1894, a sewing machine, price £4 15s. Od. was supplied by the 
plaintiffs to one Harriett S. Botwright, of 31, Albert-park, 
Highbury. The machine was to be paid for by monthly payments 
of 5s. Up to 19th September last the customer had only paid 10s. 
On account of information received, I called on the said customer 
and she informed me”—your lordships remember that Miss 
Botwright says that this is correct—‘‘that an agent of the 
defendant company, by the name of Hanscomb, had called several 
times and had advised her to return the machine to the plaintiffs 
and that on August 27th, the writ being dated the 11th July he 
called with another person who said he was a superintendent 
official of the defendant company,’—that is a eentleman named 
Gardner who was aiterwards cross-examined on his affidayit—* and 
who wrote the note August 27th, 1894, purporting to be from the 
said Miss Bitwright addressed to the plaintiffs as follows, which 
is now shown to me and marked “A” and of which the followine 
is a copy.” Mr. Gardner, who was the defendant’s acent, admits 
that this, which Iam about to read, is in his writine.. It is this : 
“Gentlemen, I beg to inform you that I have returned the 
sewing machine to you by Parcels Delivery, as I have no further 
use for it.” Then Mr. Bray’s affidavit «oes on, “The said official 
told her that the machine of the plaintiffs was useless, and he 
altered the tension of the said machine and said it was German 
trash, and she w ould always regret haying purchased and keeping 
same, and that Kine’s would not trouble to put it right or eive 
her lessons, and he said he would he pleased to supply her with 
one of the Singer Company’s make if she would return the 
plaintiff 0 Iba consequence of this i had the machine examined 
and it was found | in perfect order except the tension, which had 
been tampered with.” I will there for a moment stop because I 
will show your lordships in this cross-examination of Gardner 

what he says about it. On page 23 of the depositions, Gardner is 
cross-examined, and this is his account of the matter. cil: called 
with Mr. Hanseomb to see Miss Botwright on or about the ah of 
last September. I only called on her'oncer Mr, Hanscomb did not 
¥ 


| lordships. 


! change the tension. 


» the 


| say whether that was the first time that he had called on her. Miss 


Botwright told me that she could not get the plaintiff's machine 
to work. That is the way as far as I recollect that she expressed 
dissatisfaction with it. I suggested that she should return it. 
That was after I had seen the machine. I did not work it myself, 
I did not try to. I only looked at it, I did not touch the machine 
at all. I did not ask her whether she had any experience of 
sewing machines, or whether she had ever worked a sewing 
machine before. It is quite possible that she might have been 
dissatisfied with the machine because she could not work it. 
That is as far as 1 knew at the time I looked at the machine. I 
did not know it was the plaintiff’s. I had never heard of them 
before. Miss Botwright mentioned that it was one of King’s, till 
then I had never heard of them. I did not write a letter for Miss 
Botwright. I gave her a note of what to say on returning it.” 
He begins by denying it. He says, first of all, I did not write the 
letter for Miss Botwright; then he says I gave her a note of what 
to say on returning it, and then lastly he says I gaye her a copy 
of what to say. That is the letter 1 have already read to your 
Then at folio 150 my friend elicits this from him. 
“The stitching that [saw would show me that the tension of the 
machine was out of order.” You know that in a sewing machine 
the tension is a mere matter of screwing the two serews and 
making it tighter. It is all it wanted when it went back to our 
clients. It does not happen that the tension of a “Singer” may get 
out of order at times with a careless operator. The machine 
could not have worked worse after my visit than before, it was 
working bad enough before. We have evidence to show that after 
these gentlemen had tampered with it the tension not haying 
been quite right before, it was much worse afterwards. It was 
impossible that anyone could make it work worse stitching than 
it was doing. It is untrue that I touched two of the screws of the 
machine. I would not do that. The machine could have been 
adjusted but I was not going to adjust it for other people. I 
can’t recollect whether I told Miss Botwright that it was the 
tension that was wrong. I did not tell her that if it was the 
tension it could easily be put right. I can’t remember what I 
said to her after I looked at the machine, I told her she had better 
have a ‘‘ Singer.” Miss Botwright?showed me the machine without 
being asked. I looked: at it to examine it to see what was out of 
order.” Then a little lower down, opposite folio 154, your lordships 
will find an important statement in connection with some of the 
evidence. ‘A person could not make the machine go right 
entirely by touching the top screw, the underneath tension would 
want altering to alter the stitching.” There is evidence on our 
part that that is what this gentleman did. He did alter it and 

Coupling that with the fact that he writes 
this letter, the object and motive of his conduct, I submit is plain. 
Then, my lords, at page 6, Miss Botwright is cross-examined, and 
this is what she says in cross-examination by the other side. ‘I 





| got my machine from the plaintiffs about the 28th March, 1894.” 


Then she goes into a discussion she had with somebody else. A 
Mrs. Spencer first of all. Mrs. Spencer was one of the persons to 
get a commission from the defendants, and she afterwards brings 
on the scene these advisers of the defendantcompany. At page 7, Miss 
Botwright says, ‘I do say that someone from the Singer company 
tampered with my machine. I have not heard his name, 
it was not Mr. Hansecomb, but the gentleman who came 
in here with him this morning. (The gentleman entered 
room and was identified by the witness, he was Mr. 
Gardner.) The gentleman altered the tension and the 
pressure foot.” Therefore we have got Mr. Gardner who says he 
was only there once giving the kind of evidence your lordship has 
heard the gentleman who wrote the letter which Miss Botwright 


| was to sign and send to my clients and she swears that he was 


the man who touched the machine and tampered with it. Then , 
she says I never asked the people who sold me the machine to 
show me how to work it. J[ hawe had one lesson since. 1 knew 
enough of the machine to use it. I did not tell Mr. Gardner that 
the machine was out of order, it was out of order then, that is 
when Mr. Gardner came, and he said ‘May I see it? I did tell 
him the machine was not quite right. I can’t remember whether 
I said to him that if I had seen one of Singer’s before purchasing 
King’s I would have had one of Singer's. He said to me, * Why not 
send it back? He persuaded me to send it back.” This was not 
the case of a hiring and purchase arrangement by which the so- 
called purchaser had the option of returning it and forfeiting the 
money paid. This was an out-and-out sale. Therefore to send 
it back would be to have nothing to do with it and then the 
question of instalments would arise. ‘‘No one else was in the 
room but Mr. Gardner and myself when he altered the machine, 
the mistress was downstairs. I had not had a sewing machine 
before this. I knew what the tension was because where I had 
been in service before I used my mistress’s machine. I showed 
the machine to Gardner. The tension had not been out of -order 
before. It was something with the stitch which was not right 
before. It made large loops in the underneath part of the sewing, 
so perhaps it was the tension. The tension is merely a screw, it was 
two serews he interfered with. It was a hand machine.” Your 
lordships remember he says it would take two screws to alter it, 
and she says it was two screws he interfered with. “I told 
Gardner the machine was not quite right and saw him put his 
fingers on those two screws and turn them. Iam not dissatisfied 
with the machine at all, and never have been not at any time.” 
Then at the bottom of page 8 she says ‘‘Gardner wrote the letter 
of August 27th, 1894, referred to in my affidayit.. He him- 
self suggested that he should write that letter.” What does your 
lordships think of the candour of the gentleman who, when he is 
cross-examined, says I did not write the letter for Miss Botwright 
and then when he is confronted with it is obliged to say that he 
wrote the one she signed ? 
Baron PoLLock :—What does the letter say ? 


Mr, JELEF; That she lad no further use for it, She had every 


JAN. 1, 1895. 








further use for it. It was perfectly untrue. It was he who made 
her say that. Since that we have been able to set the machine 
right and satisfied her so that no further mischief has come of that 
case. This kind of thing is going on all over the country in all 
kinds of places among all kinds of people and we find it necessary 
to come and ask your lordships to protect us till this case comes 
on for trial. 

Baron PoLuock : What was the date of your writ? 

Mr. JELF: July 11th, 1894, and this conversation with Mr. 
Gardner, the admitted agent of the defendants, was on August 27th. 
Then, my lords, Cressy, at page 12, was a witness of our side who 
was crossexamined by Mr. Cluer, and in his cross-examination 
he said ‘When I went on September 10th I found both the 
tensions loose, both the pressure foot and the upper stitch. It 
did not take more than two or three minutes to put them right. 
They simply wanted adjusting. Adjusting in this case only 
meant screwing. Miss Botwright did not tell me that on 
September 10th that she was satisfied with the machine.” Those, 
I think, are the important and salient parts of the evidence with 
regard to Miss Botwright. 

BARON PoLLock: Have you affidavits showing the same thing 
done by other people? 

Mr. JeELF: We have another case of a Miss Woods. We have 
not an affidavit from Miss Woods herself, but we have evidence of 
interviews with her. We start by alleging a statement which is 
not denied. There is no affidavit denying it in any shape or form, 
and all there is is a series of aflidayits attempting to deny the 
three specific charges we set up. One of them my friend says was 
abandoned because of a charge of fraud.” It was really abandoned 
because it was very expensive to get the evidence from Jersey 
where the lady lived. 

Mr. CLUER: We should have had to bring the lady at our own 
expense. 

Mr. JELF : She is not here. 

Mr. CLuER: You declined to go on. You gave notice to cross- 
examine her and then withdrew it. 

Mr. JELF: I think you are mistaken. We gave no notice to 
cross-examine, all [ean say about that, is that it is a short time 
only since this action commenced and yet we have proved two 
good instances. Of course, the defendants do these things as 
quietly and as secretly as they can and J think to have found out 
already two instances, especially this instance of Miss Botwright, 
is almost as much as your lordships would expect. I couple that 
with the fact that the systematic doing of it has been sworn to, 
and with the fact that my friend is instructed to say that he will 
not give an undertaking, and that I submit is quite suflicient to 
show that it 4s a case in which it is right to grant the interim 
injunction at this stage of the matter. Of course I can go through 
the case of Miss Woods, if your lordships think it desirable in a 
like manner. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: J understand, Mr. Cluer, you decline 
to give the undertaking ? 

Mr. Crurr: It is impossible, my lord, because it is quite 
equivalent to an injunction and any supposed breach would be 
sure to be dropped on. There are two cases only my friend has 
got to rely on, and both of those I will satisfy your lordships are 
not matters for an interlocutory injunction. We say the proper 
course is to let the thing stand over till the trial; butif my friend 
insists on going on, we shall ask your lordsh*ps to dismiss the 
summons with costs. 

BARON PoLLock ;: It is not like a case where you ask for an 
injunction not to use a patent, where it stops your business. Here 
ex-hypothesi you could not wish to do what is wrong, and Ishould 
have thought you would be glad to undertake not to do it. 

Mr. CLiurR: Your lordship sees they sell these machines as 
Singer machines, then we go and find out that they have done 
so and we say you have a right to send it back. If we give an 
undertaking here that we will not ask people to send these things 
hack we shall we powerless, and we shall be obliged to allow to 
sell their machines as ours. I can only assent to this motion 
standing over till the trial of the action. My friend has carefully 
looked out the few pieces of the evidence which suit his case. 

Mr. JELF: Do not say “carefully,” because it assumes that I 
did it purposely. 

Mr. CLuER: Well I will say carelessly. 

BARON PoLLocK: Mr. Jelf, if there be an assertion that your 
Company are selling their machines as Singer's, would you object 
to give a counter undertaking ? 

Mr. Jete: My lords, that question is coming on in the Chancery 
Division to-morrow. We have always been willing to give that 
undertaking, and I repeat it now although we absolutely deny 
that we have ever done that which is alleged. We will give it 
with pleasure. We are not claiming the right to do it, as my 
friend is doing here. 

Mr. Ciuer: [ am claiming the right to do what has been done 
in those two cases you rely on. 

BARON PoLnock : You say, Mr. Cluer, that what you did you 
did in self-defence ? ; 

Mk. CLurER: Yes, and we do not adinit that the statements are 
true. 

BARON Po“Ltock: What oceurs to my mind is this: In this 
class of case itis almost impossible to decide the question of an 
interim injunction without going through all the materials. But 
then, on the other hand, I think any Court would say that before you 
can act upon that alone, or together with other cireumstances, you 
must he satisfied that no mischief is done meanwhile. I do not 
know why you should not both give this undertaking, of course 
protesting that you are virtuous and immaculate. 

Mr. CLUER: The question is whether the plaintiffs upon such 
materials ought to have gone to such enormous expense. 

Mr. JELY: Poor Singer Company ! 

BARON PoLitocK: That may be said in any of these cases. 

Mr. CLUER: That I submit the Court will consider. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 





BARON PoLLock : You see we must go over all the ground and 
then the case will come on for trial after that. 

Mr. CiurER: Your lordships see what will happen. Thenext 
time they sell a machine, as they do, saying that it is a Singer 
machine we shall go and say it is not. We have actually had 
cases where the servant girls come and say, ‘“‘ Why have you 
not given me a lesson, I haye bought one of your machines ?” 
We know nothing about it and we say, ‘‘ We have never heard of 
you before.” 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: That does not prove that they were 
told it was a Singer machine. When you say that is your case 
that is not what you mean. He doesnot say they have represented 
these machines to be Singer's. 

Mr. CLUER: That is Botwright’s case. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: I was taking that. Nothing could 
be more reprehensible than your conduct in that case from your 
own admissions. 

Mr. CiuER: [ shall be able to satisfy your lordships as to that 
matter. Our point is that an undertaking is as bad as an 
injunction to us. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : I do not know why the law should 
be altered for you. 

Mr. Ciuer : If they are not entitled to an injunction they are 
not entitled to an undertaking. 

Baron PoLLock: You may say that in every case. It is an 
enquiry which must cover a considerable amount of time, and 
when it is all over we either give or refuse the interim injunction. 
In either case the action will have to come on for trial. 

Mr. ChuER: Icannot, on behalf of my clients, risk the 
responsibility of this or that agent being brought up for contempt 
of court upon affidavits which the evidence in the other action 
shows will be a direct contradiction of evidence on both sides. 
We shall only have endless litigation. 

Baron PoLiocK : When will the action be tried ? 

Mr. JELF: Not for some time. 

Mr. CuuER: My friend has taken plenty of time already, 
because the writ was issued on llth July and thefstatement of 
claim was not delivered till 28th November. 

BARON PoLLock : Where is the venue? 

Mr. CLuER: Middlesex. There will be no delay on our part. 
What I say is that my friend’s clients have not shown any 
particular desire to hurry on the trial. 

(Their lordships conferred.) 

Mr. JELF: May I suggest that my friend is leaping before he 
comes to the stile. My clients will—— 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: We have power to direct the cause 
to be tried at once under the new rules. 

Mr. Ciurr: No, I think (not, my lord. 
order 14. 

Mr. JusTick GRANTHAM : [mean outside that. 

Mr. CLurEr : If we have particulars we are quite willing to take 
order 18a and try it without pleadings. 

Mr. Jer; That will be very nice for my friend to avoid putting 
in a defence. I am afraid, my lord, there is no way of accelerating 
the trial, there must be discovery. It is a kind of case where one 
must get as much discovery as we can and find out who these 
agents are. 

“Mr. CLurr : You know them all. 

Mr. Jer: It is impossible to hurry it on. I was going to say 
that this suggestion of my friends that we shall do all sorts of 
improper things is quite imaginary. My clients get an under- 
taking, and suppose we cannot clearly show that that undertaking 
is broken we shall not be able to get an attachment but our 
summons will be dismissed with costs. It would be a most 
dangerous thing for us to do unless we had a good case. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: Iam afraid, Mr. Jelf, you must go 
on if they will not give any undertaking. 

Mr. JELF: I ask your lordships to note their refusal and say 
there is no bond fides in their defence. 

Baron PoiiockK: Before whom were these witnesses cross- 
examined. 

Mr. CLUER: Mr. Hall, one of the examiners of the court. 

BARON PoLLocK: We are going back to that which was the 
most dilatory and expensive forms of the old Court of Chancery. 
The parties first of all exhaust their powers in affidavits, then the 
witnesses are examined vivd voce and the case is argued before 
two judges who have never seen the witnesses. When it comes 
to the trial the witnesses are in Court and the whole thing is 
heard. 

Mr. Jecr: I think what has oceurred in this case, as plainly as 
anything ina court of justice can do, carries me a long way 
towards obtaining this interim injunction. J put itin this way 
that if I once give one salient instance, and I put forward this case 
of Botwright, as to which the defendants will not deal with it in 
anyway, if L am met on that with a statement that they will not 
sive an undertaking, that must show, [ submit, that if is a 
kind of thing they are going to justify and repeat. 

Baron Potnock : No, no, you can hardly say that. Mr. Claer 
says you charge us with something which is absolutely dishonour- 
able and we will fight you on it, and more than that we will have 
the order discharged with costs. 

Mr. CLrurr: I am quite willing to let that stand over. What I 
mean is that Lam quite willing that all these enormous costs 
should be reserved for the judge to deal with at the trial, that I 
am quite willing to agree to. : 

Mr. JeELE: 1 am much obliged to my friend for nothing. ‘To 
wait till the trial means irreparable damage to us. Yo say I am 
content to wail till the trial, is the same thing as fora man to 
say, Lam for the defendant, you want a verdict for the plaintiff, 
I will eive you one for the defendant. Now my lords, the matter 











vi 


That applies to 





[ have to establish is first that I have to satisfy your lordships 
that there isa reasonable apprehension that these things will be done 
to the detriment of my client, and will be done in a way extremely 














16 





The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JAN. 1, 189 





difficult for my clients to find out, and that they are things which , 
if they have }een done, are sufficient to constitute a cause of 
action against the defendants If there is reasonable ground to 
anticipate that, then I submit I am entitled as a matter of right 
to an interim injunction. One of the tests whether or not there 
is any real bond fide answer to this is what the other side say 
and do on the matter. I would like to ask your lordships to 
consider how it happened. There is no difficulty at all in the 
matter if it were not systematically done. The complaint is put 


in the forefront of the affidayit of Mr. Bray, and they haye | 
managers who could make acomplete answer if they had one. Not- | 
withstanding all this enormous expense which my friend says the } 
poor Singer Company will not be able to afford, and all this elabora- | 


tion, they have not put forward a single affidavit of anybody to say 


it is not true that they have systematically been carrying on this | 


course. They do not suggest or hint that this counter-charge 
which they are making in the Chancery Division is true, but all 
they say is this, we do not say we have not systematically been 
doing it but you have not found us out, and the cases which have 
occurred since the action are not sufficiently definite and we 
cannot make any sort of answer; and as to your assertion that 
the thing has been systematically carried on we would rather not 
enter into any trial of that primary fact. I ask your lordships 
whether the fact of their own denial of that substantial allega- 
tion, coupled with one single case of this kind of conduct on the 
part of their agents is not sufficient to warrant my coming here? 
I have proved that their agent sat down and pressed this young 
woman to write this letter when the machine had nothing on 
earth the matter with it except that the screw was not tightened 
up, which is done in three minutes, and yet he made her sit down 
and induced her to write a letter to say the machine was of ne 
further use to her, all the time pressing on her a Singer machine. 
If that is not pretty clear proof that the systematic course, which 
is not denied on the other side, is going on even now since the 
writ I do not know what is. 
writ why are we not to be protected? I submit to your 
lordships the test of the matter is this: Is it likely to be able to 
be met by damages when the time comes, or by the relief we shall 
get when the time comes? I submit it is not. It is impossible to 
measure it. Suppose the case takes six months to come on, and I 
suppose that is a low calculation seeing that there must he dis- 
covery on both sides, and interrogatories and examination of 
documents, and so on, extending over a considerable amount of 
time and space—in that six months the very mischief which we 
dread, and which they will not give us any help to prevent, may 
have been done in such a way that we can never undo it. Here 
are these people who are sworn to have agencies in every town and 
yillaze in the country. If our case is right we are being ousted 
by this powerful company, and they can, in the course of time, 
by pursuing that system, which they have not ventured openly to 
deny, crush out our business and get their Singer machines taken 
up in all directions. One of these servant girls is pressed by the 
agent of the defendants to break her contract and get rid of her 
machine. She tells her friends of it, and tells them, ‘‘ You ought 
to have a‘ Singer.’” It is enormously difficult to find out these 
things, as anyone who has bad anything to do with getting up 
the case most know. It may be going on in the country behind 
our backs, and it is only by merest chance that we occasionally 
get information which enables us to swear to the system. Even 
since the writ we have got one or two clear cases (and I shall be 
able to show presently another case with 1egard to Miss Woods) 
where that system is going on. There may hundreds throughout 
the country, and if we are not able for six months to put our 
finger on these cases, and endeayour to stop them, we shall be 
ruined. My friend says he will allow the matter to stand over for 
six months. If it is to stand for six months, in that time mischief 
may be done which is irreparable and which cannot be dealt with 
by damages because the plaintiffs are a limited company which has 
to depend on fair dealing by great rivals like the Singer Manu- 
facturing Company. If my friends are right we have fair dealing, 
- but if we are right we have not. If my friends do not set up the 
right to do what is improper then what harm does it do them to 
give an undertaking. If they will not, I hope your lordships will 
force on them that which they will not give as a matter of good 
erace, and which we are prepared to give them in the other action 
in the Chancery Division. I ask your lordships to say the interim 
injunction ought to go. Now, my lords, Botwright’s case is the 
one I have brought before your lordships’ attention. As to that 
there is no hint that this ‘Singer’ point was brought forward. It 
would be the most foolish thine in the world for us to do with 
these lynx-eyed people all over the place. Im this case they do 
not allege it. They start a long time afterwards, namely, in 
October, a suit in the Chancery Division which is intended as a 
counterblast to this action in which they allege that for the first 
time. A motion in that case is, I believe,coming on to-morrow 
before Mr. Justice Chitty. As I have said we have shewn our 
bond fides in the matter by saying that although we absolutely 
deny that we have done that which we are alleged to have done, 
yet so conscious are we of our innocence that we will give an 
undertaking with all these frightful consequences which my friend 
has depicted of attachment and soon. They will not do the same 
thing here. Now, my lords. I will go into the other case of Miss 
Woods. 


Jast ”—which is therefore a fortnight after the action began—* the 
plaintiffs 
‘Universum’ sewing machine, No. 296,435 to one Cecilia Woods, 
been paid for by instalments of 5s. per month. 


contract with the said Miss Woods was returned to the aboye- 
named plaintiffs at the above-named address. A letter 


| broken her contract with the plaintiffs. 


| machine back to the plaintiffs as aforesaid. 
| said Miss Woods and verily believe that she was perfectly satisfied 
| \vith the machine supplied by the plaintiffs to her and would not 


| affidavit from her. 
} second affidavit of Mr. Bray in which he says: ‘As regards the 
| customer Cecilia Woods I have used every endeavour to induce her 


If it is still going on since the | 


} side. 
} said it was sold to her as a ** Singer.” 


| people to break their contracts. 
| Miss Woods to our agents were such #3 would have justified her in 
| returning the machine, as she would be entitled to ifit were sold 
aa “Singer” when it was not, then the element of malice would 


in the ordinary course of their business sold a | 





dated ~ 


| 13th September was received at the same time purporting to be 
} from the said Cecilia Woods stating that she could not keep the 


machine any longer. The said Cecilia Woods has refused to pay 
any further instalment in respect of the said machine and has 
After the said machine 
was returned by the said Miss Woods as aforesaid, I, on behalf of 
the plaintiffs, ca!led on the said Cecilia Woods, and she informed 
me that Mr. Head, an agent of the defendant company, had ca:led 
on her and had stated that the machine supplied by the plaintiffs 
to the said Miss Woods would never give her satisfaction and he 
sought to induce her to allow him to return the said machine for 
her by Carter Paterson delivery and to supply her with one of the 
defendant company’s machines, but she did not allow him at that 
time to do so. Subsequently the defendant company induced her to 
sign an agreement to take a machine from them, and they supplied 


) and delivered the said machine to her and the said Head induced 


her to consent to send, and she did thereupon send, the said 
J am informed by the 


have returned the same or broken her contract with them had not 
the defendant company’s said agent induced her to do so by means 


| of the aforesaid visits and statements.” 


Mr. FINLAY : Have you an affidavit from Miss Woods? 

Mr. JELE: No. My friend knows I have not. JI have an 
affidavit from a gentleman who has attempted to obtain an 
Then, my lords, I will refer you to the 


to make an affidavit verifying the facts as far as they relate to 
her case in my said affidavit. She had admitted to me the truth 
of what I therein state. I have called twice on the said Cecilia 
Woods’ parents but they positively decline to allow her to make 
any affidayit because they do not wish their daughter mixed up 
in a law suit. I have also caused the plaintiff’s solicitor to call on 
Mrs. Hughes (thesaid Cecilia Woods’ mistress) in order to get her 


! to induce the said Cecilia Woods to make an affidavit, but the - 


said Mrs. Hughes would not allow the said Cecilia Woods to make 
an affidavit without her parents’ consent. J am informed and 
believe that the said Mrs. Hughes has also called on the said 
parents and that they have positively refused to allow their 
daughter to make the said affidavit.” Of course we cannot sub- 
pena her here at present, although we can do so when the trial 
comes on. ‘The said Cecilia Woods told me that she was quite 
willing to make the said affidavit if her parents would only 
consent to her so doing.” _ Then there is evidence which goes to 
show the date at which that machine came back, and what was 
going on on the part of these agents of the defendants’ because 
it is an admitted fact that on the 18th September she signed an 
agreement to get one of these machines. 

Mr. Fryutay: I think my friend should mention that Miss 
Woods stated to our agents, and has stated to other persons 
that this machine of the plaintiffs’ was sold to her as a “Singer.” 

Mr. JELE: Where is the affidavit of that? 

Mr. Fintay: It is in Mr. Shortland’s affidavit, 
Weatherley’s affidavit, and in Lee’s affidavit. 

Mr. JELF: Very well. I should like to see what these two 
witnesses say about it. I do not apprehend it is my duty to make 
out so strong a case, as it would be if your lordships were asked to 
give a verdict at nisi prius. 

BARON Pottock : No, but you hear what is said on the other 
Mr. Finlay says he has an affidavit that this good woman 


in Mrs. 


Mr. FInnAy : Of course, my lords, I do not put forward that 
statement as evidence of the fact. but what I do say is this, that my 
friend’s cause of action must be for maliciously inducing these 
If the facts as represented by 


Mr. JELF: No doubt that is very cleverly put forward by the 
other side. but in the affidagits answering the case put forward on 


| the part of the plaintiff. there is not a single word about it. 


Mr. CLUER : Do not say that, because it is not accurate. 
Mr. JELF: Here is the. letter which sends back the machine. 


| «JT amsending back your machine, I think that you will find every- 
| thing quite correct. 
} trouble.” 
| sort. 


I am sorry to have given you so much 
That is her letter, she never suggests anything of the 


Mr. FINLAY: She did not want to be defendant to an action. 
Mr. JELF: That can be best tested by the Chancery Division 


| action, which is a totally separate matter, and as to which we are 
| prepared to give an undertaking. 


Mr. FrNuay : I think it may be tested by this. that in another 
case, of Miss Baines, Miss Baines has made an affidayit stating that 


| the plaintiffs did sell the machine to her as a ‘‘Singer ” and the 
} plaintifts have abandoned Miss Baines’s case. 


Mr. JELF: My lords, with reference to an interim injunction 


| being ranted, I would suggest this, that if there is the slightest 
| shadow of fraud in this suggestion about our having sold the 
: | ‘ Universum” machine as “Singer's” that would be a complete 
With regard to that I will first refer to Mr. Bray’s | 
affidavit. Hesays first of all, in the 3rd paragraph. ‘On 25th July | 


answer to any attempt to attach anybody. I agree with Mr. 
Finlay that if there isa wrong being done on the part of the 
plaintiffs towards the defendants, it would be difficult to make out ° 
finally any case against us, but still more would it make it perfectly 


) | impossible for any harm to come if any of these suggested applica- 
of $1, Portsdown-road, Maida Vale. The said machine was to have | 
The customer has | 
only paid 7s. to the plaintiffs in respect of the said machine, and | 
on September 18th, the said machine in breach of the plaintiffs’ | 


tions for an attachment were made. 

BARON PoLLock: What is pressing me is that there is not the 
same ground for an interim injunction, that there was before Lord 
Cairns’s Act. I need not refer to Lord Cairns’s Act because it is 
well-known. 

Mr. Jetr: I entirely admit that with this modification. Jt is 








JAN. 1, PEN US n) -— eemeln sowie, Machine: Gazette. | ininvuavomen bio ei 


perfectly so with regard to anything that can be See SRE TEESE GS any iis RMR Na NCC ed a || ARG ate ‘businGse: not GaIpRI GUN oe iuicalt tot brave naetes in 
damages and in w hich you can have an opportunity of measuring 
it. 

BARON PoLLock: In a case of this kind it is like slander of 
title, and the jury are not bound to measure the damages with a 
meagre hand. If they think it is done dishonestly and in an 
untradesmanlike manner they would make the defendants pay 
pretty smartly and no Court would disturb that verdict. 

Mr. Jer: That is so, but the practical difficulty of showing 
the damage is enormous. Anybody knows that when you come 
to deal with this kind of case. 

Baron POLLOCK: This is only a peculiarly strong instance of 
what we always feel when we are asked to evant. an interim 
injunction. If we could say try the case this day month and let 
the matter stand over till then everybody would say that is a 
reasonable course; but there is creat difficulty in coming to a 
solid conclusion upon these conflicting questions when you ‘do not 
see the witnesses. To my mind it is very great. It is not like the 
ordinary case of stopping the working of a patent which if an 
aecount is taken does not so much matter, but thisis a case where 
there are considerations of character on both sides. You charge | 
them with doing a mean, base and very wrong thing. They on 
the other hand have a counter charge against you that you sold 
your machines as “Singer” mac chines. 

Mr. Frnnay: It is not merely a ccunter charge, but it would 
afford a perfect justification if it were the case “that any of our 
‘travellers had said to the purchaser return the machine. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : Is that made the basis of the answer 
to any of the questions that were put in cross-examination ? 

Mr. FINLAY: Yes. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: Where shall I find that statement ? 

Mr. JELY: Your lordship will find it almost impossible to make 
their ease fit in with that. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: I 
suggested. 

Mr. Cuupr: Your lor dship will find it in the cross-examination. 


(Adjourned till to-morrow morning). | 










should like to see where it is 


SECOND DAY. 

Mr, JeLr: My lords, I do not desire to take up very much 
more of your lordships’ time in this case, but it is a matter of 
such enormous importance to my clients that there are a few 
things I should still desire to press on your lordships’ from the 
affidavits and cross-examination. 

Mr. FintAy: My lords, before my friend goes further with 
the affidavits I think I ought to call attention to an authority 
shewing that this is not a case for an interlocutory injunction. 
Itis the case of the Mogul Steamship Company. 

Mr. JELY: We all know that case ; and I submit my friend is 
not in order in interrupting me upon a matter which is a matter 
entirely for your lordships’ discretion. 

BARON PoLiock ; Except this, that I confess myself, since I 
have been thinking of this case, as you are aware, there are, I 
do not say too strongly, but there are technicalities of equity 
more than technicalities of law, and there are certain rules by 
which the Courts of equity consider themselves governed 
“which of course would govern us when we are administering 
equity. 

Mr. JELF: I do not think there is any such rule as my 
friend suggests. I ask my friend whether he is going to contend 
that it isnot a matter for the discretion of the ‘Court. 

BARON PoLLock: Rightly or wrongly, this is a very serious 
case, in the sense that it charges the defendants with doing 
that which almost amounts to a ~ criminal act. Then, although 
that makes one watch it a little closely, it is not like asking 
for an interim injunction to stop the sale of goods going on 
from day to day. You have been able to find “two instances, 
but it cannot be said that your whole trade is stopped and 
that they ought to be arrested immediately. On the other 
hand, as I ‘pointed out yesterday, if they ‘had done this it 
would be a thing that could be measured in damages at the 
trial. “I should like to be fortified in your favour by some 
authority. Ido not know myself of any, although I have had 
to sit in the Equity Courts several times, but T do not know 
of any case of this kind in which an interim injunction has 
been granted. 

Mr. FInuAy: I think the observations of the Court in this 
case of the Mogul Steamship are most pertinent upon that 
point, 

Mr. JELP: 








That is a matter which my friend can deal with 
when it comes to his tun. My friend, no doubt, is anxious to 
ayoid going to these affidavits, and it is the same _pvrinciple 
exactly which makes them refuse to give this undertaking. 
They dare not face the facts, and I dexire to go into them. 
However, as my friend has mentioned that case, 1 will suggest 
this great difference between it and the present. In that case 
there was no allegation that there was~irreparable damage, 
which could not be met by damages. As to that, [ have got 
these two paragraphs in the aflidavit of Mr. Bray, to which I 
ask your lordships’ attention, and what I am going to read is 
not cross-examined to at all, and there is no attempt to deny it. 
Paragraph 10 states: ‘As the defendant company have offices 
or men in every town and village in the country great 
facilities are thereby afforded them of interfering with the 
plaintiffs business in such a way that the damage cannot he 
properly estimated, nor the injury to their business repaired 
by any damages that may be aw arded at the trial.’ This is 
sworn by the. manager under the responsibility of his oath, 
and he says this is the result. “It will be, and is, in many 
cases, absolutely impossible, and in many cases difficult, to 
obtain evidence of what has been done by the defendant 
the injury of the plaintiff company 





companys servants to 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 17 


and its business; not only is it very difficult to‘ trace instances 
of interference such as aforesaid by the defendant company, 
but when traced information and evidence are only in a few 
instances obtainable by the plaintiffs.” Your lordships have 
an illustration of that with reeard to what has happened in 
the matter of Miss Woods, Her statement is annexed to the 
aflidavit of Mr. Bray, but her parents will not let her come 
and give evidence. ‘‘The general result of this interference is 
to make customers dissatisfied, and to cause them not to 
perform their contracts with the plaintiffs. I am advised, and 
believe, that unless an interim injunction be granted irreparable 
injury will be caused by the defendant company to the 
plaintiffs, and I have every reason to fear, and do fear, that the 
defendant company will continue the illegal practice such as 
has been described, inasmuch as all the three cases referred to 
in this affidavit have arisen since the date of the issue of the 
writ herein. I have made the above statements from facts 
within my own knowledge excepting where I relate information 
given to me, all of which information I believe, “after diligent 
and careful imquiry, to be true and’ accurate.’ Therefore I 
have, as strongly as an affidavit can put it, a statement of 
what is believed to be the effect of this, and I would ask 
your lordships, in dealing with this case, to remember the 
nature of it as to whether that is not on the very face of it 
a true statement. Here you have things which are happening 
in the dark in these households, where servants and all kinds 
of people are tampered with in this way, and yet since the 
issue of the writ we have been able to establish, and place 
before your lordships, two cases already. Add to that the 
fact that in the second paragraph of Mr. Bray’s affidavit he 
alleges that the defendant company, by their agents and 
canvassers, have systematically carried on this practice, and 
that they do not answer that or the tenth or eleventh paragraphs 
in any shape or form, My lords, I wish to correct an error I 
made yesterday. I alleged they had not set up in their 
affidavits this ‘‘Singer” point, this afterthought of trying 
to get out of it by saying that my clients had represented 
their machines as “Singer's,” although they do, with regard to 
two of the subsequent instances, try to set up that case, and 
although they break down in Miss Wood’s case, yet as to this 
systematic usage on their part they do not venture to say you 
have been systematically making us do it by your fraudulent state- 
ments. Now, my lords, I come to the cases or instances which I 
rely on. I show that in Botwright’s case we have a complete 
case, and I ask your lordships to rely on that for the purposes 
of to-day. Of course it is Just possible that some fresh evidence 
may come out about it at the trial, but it is a pretty complete 
case already, and L ask your lordships to rely on it. 

Mr. FINLAY: The wachine has not been returned in 
Botwright’s case; she has still got it. 

Mr. JELF : What does that matter, you might as well say 
that a man who has broken into my house and tried to steal 
my plate is not a burglar because he has not got it. 

Mr. FintAy: I think my friend should read the aflidavits 
instead of making these random statements about burglars. 

Mr. JeELY: I have already read the letter sending back the 
machine. 

Mr, JUSTICE GRANTHAM : 
yesterday. 

Mr. JELF: I do not know what the point of the interrup- 
tion is. The machine comes back through the intervention of 
the defendants. 

Mr. Frnuay: That is a mistake. 

Mr. Jer: If my friend would give me credit for not stating 
intentionally anything inaccurate [ should be obliged. 





Mr. Jelf did read the affidavits 


Mr. FrxuAy : I do not suppose you do it intentionally fora 
moment, but you certainly have stated some of the facts 
inaccurately. 

Mr. JeLE : My friend will have an opportunity of pointing 


out my inaccuracies presently. With regard to Botwright’s 
case, the thing was not sent back because it turned out that 
the turn of a screw entirely removed any possible complaint, 
and there is no ground for saying the machine ought to be 
returned, or that it was a bad machine, I say with. regard to 
Bobeuohts case, that it is a complete case in itself, which 
they met have known of. They do not venture even to 
suggest that anything was said about it being a “Singer.” It 
is “quite true that with regard to Miss Baines they did set 
that up. Miss Baines’ case is the case we have abandoned, but 
if my friend draws an inference of fraud with regard to that, 
which I understand he seeks to do, I can show he is wrong, 
My friend said it might be inferred with regard to Baines, 
because they had made an affidavit that there had been some~ 
thing wrong in selling the machine as a “Singer” and that 
that was uncontradicted. The real reason why “the Baines case 
was not proceeded with was because of the attitude which Miss 
3aines took up in the matter. It was a mere case founded 
on suspicion, because the machine came from Jersey, addressed 
by Singer and Company, and my clients pounced on that. 
tured out to be only a ease of suspicion, and we abandoned it, 
because we did not think we could e: it further, My friend 
has no right to suggest that that was because we sold it as a 
“Singer.” We absolutely deny it. My lords, the only remaining 
I have shown your lordships already 











ease is that of Miss Woods. 
what that is, and now I come to the suggested attack on the 
ground which is made a sort of counter ‘charge, that we sold 
it asa “Singer.” As to that there is the affidavit of Mr. 
Hutchings, the person who sold it to her. Hutchings shows in 
detail what he did when he sold it. 4 

Mr. Prnuay: I would suggest that you should first read the 
affidavit to which this is a reply. 

Mr. JELEF: Ido not want to deny that there are affidavits 
alleging that there are statements by Miss Woods on the other 




















18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


side; but the reason why I venture to read this first is 
because, this shows the way this machine was sold by the 
person who sold it. The first origin of the transaction is the 
most important thing. Miss Woods is not produced by them 
as a witness, but the most important thing is what 
Hutchings actually did. He says: “On the 18th day of July 
last [went to 81, Portsdown Road, Maida Vale, to the side door. 
A servant who afterwards told me her name was Cecilia Woods 
was standing there. I showed her the photograph now produced 
and shown to me marked A, andasked her if she desired to 
purchase a sewing machine similar to the one in the photograph. 
She asked me what sort of a machine it was. I replied that it 
was a Universum machine, and she would find the word 
‘Universum’ enamelled on the bed plate of the machine, and 
T also called her attention to the words ‘King’s Universal 
Supply, Limited,’ as appears on the face of the photograph. I 
also called her attention to the name of the plaintiff's firm on 
the back of the card, and told her I came from them.” I will 
hand up the photograph of the machine. It is better than 
tittle tattle. 

Mr. FrIntAy: What is the photograph you have handed up ? 
Mr. JeLE: A photograph with our name onit—‘ King’s Uni- 
versal Supply, Limited.” 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : It is the photograph which he says 
he used when he showed her a photograph of the machine. 

Mr. FrnuAy: May I see it fora moment? (The photograph 
was handed to Mr. Finlay.) 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: I think you read this affidavit 
before. 

Mr. JELF: I beg your lordship’s pardon if I did. 
as if anything is done in the background. 

Mr. FrntAy : My lords, my friend will correct me if 1 am 
wrongly instructed, but Tam told that this label is not part of 
the machine at all, or in any way aflixed to it, but it is a mere 
label stuck on before the photograph is taken. 

Baron Poutock: I should like to see that photograph, 
because the affidavit shows they usually sell the machines by 


It is not 





_ photograph. 


Mr. Jevr: I do not so very much mind whether that is so 
or not. Here isa man who is either telling the most deliberate 
falsehood upon a matter on which he cannot be mistaken, or is 
giving an exact account of the sale of this machine. Not only 
that ; but it is the way they regularly do it. Ofcourse they 
cannot carry round these heavy machines. Your lordship says 
I have read the affidavit of Hutchings, and now I will read a 
passage from his cross-examination at the bottom of page 11. 
“T am the plaintiffs agent who sold a sewing machine to Cecilia 
Woods, that is the machine which I believe was afterwards sent 
back by her. I have sworn that I never used the word ‘‘ Singer” 
on that occasion at all. That is true. I should say I was in 
with her about twenty minutes when I sold her the machine on 
July 18th. She asked me what system the machine resembled. 
She did not ask me whether it was like the Singer machines. 
She did not refer in any way tome to the Singer machines. I 
told her when she asked me what system it was that it was the 
““Universum.” I had never heard of the name “ Universum”’ till 
I was in the plaintiffs’ employment. It is merely a trade name 
which they use. I have not heard before now that My. Short- 
land, Mrs. Weatherley, and Miss Lee have said that Miss Woods 
said that I sold her the machine as a Singer machine. If Miss 
Woods did say so what she said was certainly not true. I told 
her what firm I came from, I also pointed it out to her on the 
back of the machine card, that is, the photovraph of the 


machine. Idid not say anyching about it being an improvement 
on the Singer. Ihave been in Mr. Bray’s service about four 


years. I have not seen Miss Woods since I sold the machine to 
her.” I daresay ‘there is somewhere the statement that Mr. 
Finlay referred to about the name not being on the machine 
itself. It is not mentioned here. 

Mr. FInuay : It is in the affidavit. 

Mr. JEetr: Now, my lords, I should like to show what the 
woman said according to Mr. Head, one of the principal agents 
for the defendants. He made an affidavit in the first place. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: I do not quite know what the 
facts are, but it is somewhat remarkable that in his affidavit 
with regard to this name Hutchings does not swear that that is 
attached to the machine or that it was on the machine at the 
time. 

Mr. JeELtF: At that time it does not seem to have been 
made a point in question. 

* Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: No, but in his affidavit there is a 
remarkable distinction between the word ‘‘ Universum” and 

“Iing’s Universal Supply, Limited.” The word ‘‘ Universum ” 
is enamelled on the bed plate; but when he comes to speak of 
“King’s Universal Supply, Limited,” all he says is itis on the 
photograph. - 

Mr. Jer: I do not think there is any necessity for it being put 
onthe machine. It is not possible that it could be taken for a 
“Singer” but it is meant to give the details of the actual sale. 
It seems to me, with great respect, it is quite immaterial whether 
the name was on the machine or not. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: I do not understand hayvine a 
photograph taken of something which does not exist. = 

Mr. JuLr: I quite see what is in your lordship’s mind, and I 
will tell your lordship exactly what it is, and J hope your 
lordships will’ draw no unfavourable inference from it. ~The 
object was to make it clear by selling by this photograph that 
what we were going to sell was a ‘‘ Universum Kine’s Machine ee. 
Therefore we put on to a machine which we are going ite 
photograph a label with the words “ Kine’s Universal Supply 
Limited,” so that the persons who are going to buy it may Bee 
distinetly that what they are going to buy has that name on it, 








JAN. t, 1895. 


Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: Why should it not be on the 
machine itself? 

Mr. FINLAY; It requires very good eyes to see it from the 
photograph. 

Mr. Jeune: I am told the answer is that there are some 
difficulties with regard to the Merchandise Marks Acts. That 
is aseparate matter. Of course, it might be a very good thing 
to say that to prevent these squabbles on every machine there 
ought to be, and shall be, a label with the name of the seller, and 
if the legislature liked to interfere to stop litigation they might 
say you shall always put it on, but it is not done. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: Then it_ought not to be put on 
the photograph. 

Mr. JeLF: I agree it would be much wiser not to put it 
there, because it might give rise to the inference which seems to 
be in your lordship’s mind. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : I was struck with his affidavit.’ 

Mr. Jeter: Would your lordship kindly tell me which 
part you refer to. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: First of all he says, ‘She asked me 
what sort of a machine it was. I replied that it was a Universum 
machine, and she would find the word  ‘ Universum’ enamelled 
on the bed plate of the machine.” That is to say he says you will 
find it a ‘* Universum ” because the word ‘ Universum ” is enamelled 
on the bed plate, and then he says, “‘And I also called her 
attention to the words ‘King’s Universal Supply, Limited’ as 
appears on the face of the photograph.” You would imagine if 
you were not thinking about it that that was also on the 
machine. 

Mr. JELF: I see exactly whattyour lordship means, and I 
quite agree it would be much better not to do it, but I hope 
your lordship will draw no inference hostile to my client from 
it. What earthly object could they have in pretending the 
the label is on the machine when it isnot. The person would 
not like it a bit better. , 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: But you see their is this view of 
the case. I do not know what the Singer machine is, and I 
could not draw even a sketch of it, but assuming the Singer 
machine is very much like yours, if there was nothing on to 
show that this was a King’s Supply, as there would be if these 
labels were on—if that was not there, servants and people of that 
class buying your machine might assume that although there 
was the word ‘“ Universum”’ on it, yet it was the same as the 
“Singer,” assuming they had seen the ‘‘Singer” at a friend’s 
house, and assuming yours looked like a “Singer.” They might 
think it was a ‘Singer’ and no question would be asked. 
Whereas if you had ‘King’s Universal Supply, Limited” it 
would show plainly what it was they were buying. 

Mr. Jeter: My lord that observatiom seems to me rather 
against the other side. I quite see your lordship’s point, and 
I think, if I may say so, that it is a perfectly proper subject 
of inquiry, and it is just the kind of thing one would cast 
about and see if there was anything wrong in. But although 
I frankly admit it would have been wiser not to have a 
photograph which does not represent the machine in its complete- 
ness, when you come to think of the object, and the point 
in issue, it seems to me to be immaterial. In facet, it seems 
rather to turn the other way. 

BARoN PouLock: Where is that which answers to what 
Hutchings says in his affidavit, ‘The word ‘ Universum’ is 
enamelled on the bed plate of the machine.” He says “TI 
replied that it was a Universum machine and she would find 
the word ‘‘Universum” enamelled on the bed plate of the 
machine.” Where is that? , 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: On the photograph. 

BARON PouLock: No, this is what he says. ‘ She asked 
me what sort of a machine it was. I replied that it was a 
Universum machine and she would find the word ‘ Universum’ 
enamelled on the bed plate of the machine.” There is nothing 
about the photograph at all. 

Mr. JeLr: That is a fact. 

Baron Pouuock: Is it true? 

Mr. JELY: Certainly. 

Baron PotwtocKk; I should like to see the machine. 

Mr. JELtF: I am afraid we have not one here, but I have 
no doubt my friend will allow me to take that to he so. Ri 

Mr. FINLAY: It is enamelled somewhere on the bed plate. 
Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: Can it be seen on the photograph ? 
Mr. Fintay: No. I think it would be much more 
satisfactory if we saw one of the machines. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: Yes. 

Mr. JELF: We will send for one. 

Mr. FrxuaAy: Your lordships will understand the sale is 
effected by the photograph. On the photograph is the label 
with this inscription, but that is not a thing that would eatch 
the eye of anyone, and when the machine comes there is no 
such name on it, so that it may very well happen that a 
servant girl buys this thing thinking it is a Singer. 

Mr. JeLE: I quite admit that a servant girl might think 
anything, but that is hardly the question. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: I should like to see a Singer 
machine as well, Mr. Finlay, if you will send for one. = 

Mr. Fintay: We will, my lord, 

Mr. Jete: Of course, my lords, all this is the subject 
matter of the inquiry in the Chancery Division, and not here 
but I will assume that there is a great similarity between the 
two. Of course, there is a certain amount of similarity between 
all sewing machines, but that, I submit, cannot get rid of this 
definite sworn testimony of the most clear and positive kind 
as to what passed when this machine was sold. If your 
lordships ask me to explain why that extra label is not on the 
machine itself, but is put on the photograph and used, I 














voy Hane’ 


JAN. 1, 1895- 


shall submit to your lordships that that euts against my friend 
because it gocs to show that, whereas a servant girl might 
think she was getting a ‘Singer’ on that photograph being 
shewn to her, and her attention being called to the fact that 
according to the photograph it was not a “Singer,” that would 
get rid of the idea whichshe might possibly have. It may be 
a clumsy way to have this photograph done, namely to put on 
to the photograph a thing which is not on the machine itself, 
but to say that you are to draw an inference that thereby the 
girl has been deceived into thinking she is buying a * Singer” 
seems to me a confusion of ideas altogether. Here is the 
document signed by Cecilia Woods. ‘Agents are not at 
liberty to make any verbal arrangements whatever or leave 
goods on approval, King’s Universal Supply, Limited, 17 and 18, 
Railway Approach, London Bridge.”! Then the numbers and 
dates are given and it goes on: ‘I hereby purchase one of 
your sewing machines, price‘so and so’ upon your terms of 
subscription, namely, deposit so much on delivery, and so much 
every four weeks thereafter, which I promise to pay regularly 
until the amount is paid. In the event of any one subscrip- 
tion not being paid the whole can be claimed at once.” Then 
that is signed by Cecilia Woods. There can be no mistake about 
that. This is the only case with which we are dealing at present, 
and I do not say anything about Baines’ case because it is 
withdrawn. Their suggestion is that our clients through their 
agents have sold these machines as Singer’s. This is the document 
sioned by the woman herself, and in very large letters there is 
“King’s Universal Supply, Limited.” May I ask your lordships 
if this isthe way people would set to work to sell their own inferior 
goods if they wanted to take the name and prestige of Singer. 
It is madness to suppose that those things would be done. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: You make a great deal of the 
name “King’s Universal Supply, Limited,” but I do not see 
that that has any bearing. It is not as if King was the pa- 
tentee or manufacturer of these machines. On the other hand, 
Singer was the patentee, the person who introduced the thing 
itself, and it is called “Singer,” although it may be that there 
is no Singer init now. But you are a person who simply sells, 
and he may sell ‘‘Singer’s” for all I know. 

Mr. JeLF: I quite accept that. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: Therefore there is nothing in the 
fact of your putting on the paper ‘‘ King’s Universal Supply.” 

Mr. Jeter: Except this, that you would scarcely deceive a 
seryant girl into thinking it isa ‘*Singer” if she has her atten- 
tion specially called to another name. You would not deceive a 
servant girl by putting some other name in large letters. 

Mr. JuUSTICe GRANTHAM: It might, IT do not say it would. 
Suppose a servant girl said ‘IT want a Singer,” and your men 
replied, ‘‘ Wesupply all machines. I am_ a universal supplier. 
I supply everything ; we can supply you with a “ Singer?” 

Mr. JELF: Your lordship sees we are dealing with this spe- 
cific instance. All I mean is that in this specific instance it 
seems to me the closer you look into it the more impossible 
it is for Cecilia Woods, whom they do not call as a witness, 
and who has made a statement to us precisely contrary to what 
they say she has made to them, it seems tome impossible that 
they can come in the face of these documents and facts sworn 
to by the man who actually sold it, and say that this was 
represented to be a “Singer.” I say it knocks the bottom out 
of their ease. Moreover, we have a letter of apology from her, 
which I think is an exhibit and which is before your lordships. 

Mr. CLUER: That is objected to. 

Mr. JeLE : I ask your lordships to look at it and I say it is 
material on this kind of application. 

Now I want to call your lordships’ attention to what Mr. 
Head says, the agent of the defendants, as to the suggestion 
that this woman thought she had bought a “Singer.” I submit 
that it is perfectly conclusive as to this matter. In the middle 
of page 13 of the depositions he says this upon cross-examina- 
tion: “‘I say that Miss Woods did not tell me when I ealled 
who she had bought the machine from. She informed me that 
she had purchased a machine, but did not say from the plain- 
tiff company. She said nothing whatever to me to tell me 
whose machine she had bought. She said that it was nota 
‘Singer.’ It was not my mistake putting in the affidavit that 
Miss Woods told me that she had bought one from the plain- 
tiff company I heard the affidavit read over. It was taken 
down from my dictation, Miss Woods said. that she could not 
eet on very well with the machine. She said her mother had 
a‘ Singer,’—here is the antithesis—‘‘ and she would rather have one 
of those as she understood them.” That means she understood 
how to work them. Here wasa servant girl who had been living 
with her mother. Her mother hada ‘*Singer,” and she knew how to 
work a “Singer.” She was now out in service and she says, ‘* I have 
not got a ‘Singer,’ but I wish'l had, because my mother had one, and 
T know how to work it, and I should like to have one instead of this.” 
Thereupon, she does get a “Singer”’on the very same day that 
she returned ours. The very day that she returned our machine 
is the day of the bargain for her to haye the ‘‘Singer.”? Our 
machine is sent off, and reaches my clients on the 18th Septem- 
ber, and on that identical 18th September the document is before 
your lordships by which she buys the ‘Singer ” machine. 
Has any human being any doubt that what happened was this, 
which isset up in Woods’ case and which I canelaborate more 
presently if necessary by going into the cross-examination of the 
witnesses—can anybody doubt that what really happened was 
this, that she had not got a ‘‘Singer,” that her complaint was 
she had not a “Singer,” and that complaimt being fostered 
by these people they got her to buy a “ Singer” and to send back 
our machine to us, which was not a “Singer.” Will your 
lordships look at the letter of apology. It is J.B.4, : 














and Sewing Machine Gazette, ; 





19 





Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: What is it exhibited to? 
Mr. JELF: Bray’s affidavit. Itis J.B., 4. 
Mr. CLuerR: That is the document which I objected to. Itis a 


letter from Miss Woods, from whom they cannot get an 
affidavit. It isreferred to on page 5 of the depositions, folio 30. 


My friend Mr. Isaacs put it to her in re-examination and I 
objected to it, 

Mr. Jeter: It was admitted subject to the objection. I 
submit to your lordships that it is receivable. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: I think at present you are entitled, 
to argue from your point of view that your charge is true 
and let them answer it if they can. We must assume for the 
present that what you have told us is true. 

Mr. JeELF: If your lordship pleases, then, it comes to this 
—allegation, irreparable damage if this sort of thing goes on. 
Allegation, a systematic course of doing this kind of thing; no 
answer to that; no answer either of denial or justification or 
avoidance; our action brought in July; their action, which I 
say, is an afterthought, brought a long time afterwards—not 
till October ; then no affidavit dealing with the general question, 
but an attempt to pounce on the three cases which we have 
endeavoured to get since the writ; Baines’ case dropped and 
put aside ; two cases left, Botwright’s and Woods’ ; no attempt to 
set up this Singer question; complete case made; the attempt 
made to set up this Singer point hopelessly broken down hy 
cross-examination. My lords, I submit I have made a very 
strong case, especially seeing the way I am met when I ask 
for an undertaking. I am prepared to undertake on my part, 
without prejudice, protesting that I have never done what I 
am charged with, and I say I have made a case on these 
affidavits, which, looking to the length of time we have had to 
make it, and looking to the irreparable damage which my 
clients will sustain, entitles me to an injunction. 

Now, my lords, the only other matter I have to deal with 
is the rule of law. My friend was anxious, I should not go 
intothese affidavits, and he said that the Mogul case is a case 
which shows the Courts will not grant an injunction, or at all 
events that the tendency of the Courts is not to grant an interim 
injunction, if you can get the thing sufficiently disposed of at the 
trial by way of damages. The whole question is whether you ean do 
that. In this case it is positivelysworn you cannot, and there 
is no contradiction. In the Mooul case there was no such 
affidavit, and although they were dealing with a very large 
sum of money they were dealing wich very solvent people. 
Thisis in its nature an extremely difficult thing to prove, as we have 
found to our cost. It is said that the Mogul case is an 
authority against me, but I submit it is not. Quite recently 
there has been a ease which is at present only reported in the 














Times’ Law Reports, before Mr. Justice Wright and Mr. 
Justice Collins, of Wright v. Hennessey. It was heard on 


2nd November last, and this point about the Mogul case is 
discussed. Mr. Justice Wright, in giving judgment, said :-— 
“The plaintiff was in business and an employer of labour, and 
the defendant was secretary to a trade union. Disputes had 
arisen between the defendant’s union and the plaintiff, and 
the defendant, in furtherance of the views of his Trade Union, 
addressed to persous who had made contracts to employ the 
plaintiff certain communications intended to prevent them from 
carrying out the contracts so made between them and the 
plaintiff. The plaintiff has brought an action against the 
defendant, and applies for an interim injunction to restrain 
the defendant from continuing the attempts he has been 
making. The question is as to the extent to which he is 
entitled to an injunction, if any. The injunction asked for 
includes several heads, four in number, and it has, indeed, already 
been granted as to all four; and the application is to continue 
it as to allfow. The first part of the injunction is to restrain 
the defendant from attempting to induce persons named who 
had entered into contracts with the plaintiff to break them. 
The second part was to restrain the defendant from inducing 
persons who should hereafter make contracts- with the plaintiff 
from carrying them out. Now, as regards these two heads of 
the injunction, the defendant has expressed his willingness to 
undertake not to continue while the action is pending such 
attempts.” Now, this is the point, my lords. “‘ We think it 
right that it should be given, and if it had not been given we 
should have probably upheld the interim mjunction to that 
extent, To that extent we are bound by the cases of Bowen »v. 
Hall and Temperton v. Russell in the Court of Appeal, which 
lay down in substance that a party must not, when he knows 
of a contract between two parties. induce one to break it to 
the injury of another.” Then there are other points as to 
which they say that being so the undertaking must be given; 
Mr. Justice Collins was of the same opinion, and he says, 
“For the purpose of to-day he was satisfied that on the 
materials before the Court there was a prima facie case made 
for the interposition of the Court in consequence of repeated 
actempts made by the defendant to induce persons under 
contracts with the plaintiffs to break them and throw them up, 
and it would be narrowing too much the protection given by the 
Court to confine it to contracts made and in existence at the time 
of the action or injunction, though as to an injunction to restrain 
the defendant from inducing persons not to enter into contracts it 
would be going too far. He agreed with his learned brother that 
no order need now be made.” My lords, I have offered to give 
an undertaking im the Chancery action, although there is far less 
reason for it, and we deny that we have ever done it. We are 
willing to undertake that we will not do this unfair and improper 
thing by selling our machines as Singer’s wlien they are not 
Singer’s, and looking at our readiness to do that in this case I do 


























20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JAN. 1, 1895. 





ask your lordships either to force the defendants here to give the 
undertaking, or if they will not to grant the injunction. 

Mr. Rurus Isaacs: My lords, I am with my 
friend Mr, Jelf. 

Mr, Ciurr: Do your lordships hear two counsel ? 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: We are bound to hear two if 
necessary. 

Mr. Rurus Issacs: Ido not know that I haye anything to 
trouble your lordships with. 

Mr. CiurR: My lords, I must express my regret that my 
friend Mr. Jelf has succeeded in squeezing out Mr. Finlay, who 
is obliged to be at the Privy council. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: I ought to tell you at starting 
that the Mogul case does not impress me as applying to this case. 
The Mogul case was a case where people combined together 
to drive out opposition to that particular line of trade, but by 


learned 


their circular they did not do anything or say anything to. 


disparage the plaintiff. That was a very different matter from 
this. 

Mr. Ciuer: Nor is there here any complaint that we have 
disparaged the plaintiffs. My friend is not asking for an in- 
junction to prevent slander of title. : 

Mr. JELEF: Yes, I do now. I withdraw any offer I made, 
and I ask for the whole injunction. 

BARON PoLLock ; Will you read what are the very words of 
the injunction asked for ? : 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: I have got it here. They ask for 
“an interlocutory injunction against the defendant company, 
their servants or agents, prohibiting them from inducing persons 
to break their contracts with the plaintiffs and from slandering 
the title of the plaintiffs’ goods until the hearing of the action.” 

BARON PoLLock: Then, you see, you must admit this. Ido 
not say there is reason for granting an injunction, but there is 
no objection to this injunction on the ground that it would 
stop a business. Your business would go on exactly the same 
as before, 

Mr. CiuEr: If it could be subject to this, that we were not 
to do it wrongfully, then we should have no objection. 

BARON POLLOCK: The Court cannot do more than that. All 
the Court could say is that the defendants till the trial of this 
action are in no way either to slander the plaintiffs’ goods or 
improperly interfere with their customers. You cannot possibly 
prevent a man going to a maid-servant or anybody else and 
saying ‘“‘ What have you there? A ‘ Universum’ sewing machine ? 
Well, I have got a ‘Singer’ and I think you will find the 
‘Singer 7 the best.” If it stopped there it is all legitimate and 
no Court would stop that, That is why I am surprised you do 
not give the undertaking. 

Mr. Ciuer: Your lordships will see presently what has 
happened in the other action. I shall show that since we first 
pointed out that they were using the word “Singer” they have 
since the bringing of the action at Brighton sold machines as 
“ Singer’s ” again in one case. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: That is the subject of the other 
action, we cannot ¢o into that. 

Mr. Cuurr: First of all, may I call attention to the 
principle which Lord Coleridge and Lord Justice Fry laid down 
was to be the principle upon an application for an interlocutory 
injunction in the Mogul case. They assume at the time that 
the plaintiffs would succeed. What Lord Coleridge says at page 
485, of 15th Queen’s Bench Division is this: ‘‘ yen assuming 
that the plaintiffs are mght in their contention, it will be com- 
petent to the jury at the trial to award, and I have no doubt 
they will award, the plaintiffs abundant damages to compensate 
them for the injury that they may have sustained at the hands 
of the defendants. I have always understood, and I am con- 
firmed in that understanding by the larger experience of Lord 
Justice Fry, that that is almost of itself a reason for not 
issuing an injunction prior to the trial of the action.” They are 
claiming only £7,000 in this action. ‘If the plaintiffs establish 
their case by the verdict of the jury or the decision of the 
judge they will get all they are entitled to.”” Asthere is no doubt 
if they established their case against us they would get very 
substantial damages indeed. Then his lordship goes 
on: ‘‘ Next, this does not appear to me to be a case in 
which, as I was at one time inclined to think, the 
plaintiffs can sustain irreparable injury by our declining to 
erant the relief prayed. It may be that they will suffer some 
damage; it may be that they will for a time have a difficulty 
in carrying on their China trade, or may haye to carry it on at 
a loss. But injury of that sort differs altogether from the injury 
which is called ‘irreparable,’ to prevent which injunctions have 
heretofore been granted in the Court of Chancery, and are now 
allowed to issue from this Court. For imstance, if a fine old 
ornamental tree in a nobleman’s park be cut down the injury 
is practically irreparable, and cannot be compensated in damages. 
Tt is in cases of that nature that an interim injunction issues. 
The injury here, if it be made out obyiously isnot one of that 
character.” The allegation there was that if the injunction 
were not granted the plaintiffs would be ruined in their business. 
That is the whole argument of Sir Henry James for the 
plaintiffs, and that was the gist of that action. 

BARON POLLOCK: See what Lord Justice Fry said in the 
course of the argument: ‘*The difficulty I feel is that we are 
asked to interfere to prevent the defendants from carrying on 
their trade in the manner they conceive to be the most beneficial 
to themselves, and this before the trial of the action.” The 
difference between that case and this is obvious. It was not said 
in the Mogul case that the agents of the defendant company had 
done or said anything substantially which was wrong, but ib was 





_ said that they offered their ships, and the ships were put up, to 


use a mercantile phrase, at a very low rate, which did not really 





compensate them, in order to drive the traflic of the plaintifi’s 
ships out of the field. That is like any man making goods and 
selling them under price, and what Lord Justice Fry said is, We 
cannot stop a man’s trade and say you shall not manufacture any 
more articles, or the company shall not carry any more goods. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : They do not ask to interfere with 
your trade here. 

BArow POLLOCK : They merely ask to restrain your agents 
from doing that which it is said is actionable, and interfering 
with the rights and privileges of the plaintiffs. Mind you, I 
quite agree with you when you said yesterday, very fairly, that 
you are not going to have a pistol put to your head in the 
shape of a charge of an indictable offence. There is something 
in that, but supposing the balance of the evidence should be 
against’ you. I cannot see there is anything wrong in your 
giving an undertaking. The thing cannot be thrashed out till 
the trial. There is no doubt about that. 

Mr. CLuUER: We have two grounds on which we wish to 
oppose this motion. One is that it is not a case for interlocutory 
injunction, because if they prove their case they are amply 
compensated by damages. ‘They are a very small company, as 
Mr. Bray admits. He holds the shares, and five or six clerks 
hold one each. They have against them a company, amply able 
to pay any damages, and they put their damages at no small 
figure. 

BARkoN POLLOCK : The practical working of that seems to 
me to be rather against you than in your favour. I have sat, 
and I believe my learned brother has alsg, on one or two 
oceasions as vacation judge to hear applications of this kind, 
and when you find that the inquiry as to the interim injune- 
tion involves exactly the same question as the trial of the 
cause itself, and when you find that is an involyed matter 
upon which you wish to see and hear the witnesses, that is a 
very strong ground for saying this is a case in which we will 
not say the interim injunction should go, but we will say that 
some undertaking should be given. 

Mr. CLuER: The difficulty we have is what sort of under- 
taking we could give which will not result in perpetual 
application. This is mere rivalry in trade, and upon the facts 
as they are proved I am sure I shall satisfy your lordships. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : You think your agents are likely 
to act in such a very suspicious manner that it will be 
necessary to make applications to commit them. 

Mr. Ciuer: This is the result of it, that next week when 
we go round we shall have somebody say to us, or they may 
call on us and say, “‘I have bought one of your ‘Singer’ 
machines, why do not you give me a lesson ?”’ 
hand and take no proceedings and say nothing, our business is 
injured. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: You are periectly justified in 
taking proceedings, if such a thing as that happened. 

Mr. CLuer : That is the answer we have to this application. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: It is no answer as it seems to 
me. 

Mr. Rurus Isaacs: The difficulty my friend says he is in 
with regard to giving the undertaking is a difficulty which 
applies to our giving any undertaking in the Chancery action. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : Never mind that, you are ready to 
give it. 

Mr. CLUER : They have never said so before. They have filed 
affidavits, and we thought they were going to contest the motion. 

BARON POLLOCK : Of course all the costs will abide the event. 
They will be left for the judge who tries the case to deal with. 

Mr. CLUER : Lam bound to say I should be willing, and my 
clients would be willing, to undertake not improperly to interfere. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: You are only restrained from 
improperly interfering. 

Mr, CiuER ; The summons does not ask that. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : It asks to restrain you from induc- 
ing persons to break their contracts. 

Mr. Cturr: And if they have got those contracts by using 


‘our name we claim the right to do it. ' 


BARON PoLiock : I quite follow you there. You may say 
they are trying to get behind us, and interfere between us and 
our customers, and while this jealousy and rivalry goes on there is 
a danger of their coming and stopping you when you attempt to 
put things right. : 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: That is answered by the plaintiffs 
giving an undertaking at the same time. 

Mr. CLurR: Still we may have the risk. 
occurred, 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM ; They will give an undertaking that 
they will not do it, and that answers your difficulty. 

Mr. CiruER: I submit that the Court should discountenance 
applications of this kind, simply on the ground that it cannot do 
the plaintiffs any harm to wait till the trial. 

BARON PoLLock : Would you be content if these words were 
introduced : ‘* Prohibiting you from illegally inducing persons 2” 

Mr, Ciurr: I would be content if 1t were put in this way:- 
“From inducing persons to break their contracts with the plaintiffs 


Tt has actually 





-except where the plaintiffs have used our name.” 


BARON POLLOCK : That is too concrete. 

Mr. Ciuerr : That is why I want it. 

BARON PoLLOcK: The answer to that is that that would not 
be illegal. It does not follow that because a person was induced 
to break a contract with the plamtifis therefore you have done 
wrong. Tor instance, suppose one of these silver-tongued agents 
talked for a long time to a servant girl, and she at last said, 
“Well, I am so convinced that this Singer machine is the richt 
thing that I shall order a‘ Singer’ and at the same time I shall give 
notice that I will not keep the other. ” If the silver-toneued 
gentleman has done no more than praise the Singer machine 


reir aye 





If we stay our, 








Jan. 1, 1895. 


there is no harm in that. Any man may praise his own goods. 
It is only if you have improperly induced persons to break their 
contracts so as to damage the plaintiff’s business. 

Mr. CLueeR: Is there any evidence that we have done so? 

Baron Poutock: I could not say that till I have heard the 
whole of the argument, and I am not sure I should not require to 
have some of the persons cross-examined before me. All that is 
manifestly inconvenient; I should say you were sheltered by the 
introduction of the word “‘illegally 

Mr. CLunr: Of course the word “ illegally’ would be implied, 
and the only reason why I should suggest a more concrete form is 
that it leaves us in statu quo. It does not give me any right to 
say ‘‘ You have such and such a machine, take mine instead. ° 

Mr, Justice GRANTHAM: I think it would. I think you 
ought to be stopped from doing that. 

Mr, CiurerR: And yet the plaintiff himself admits that he 
does not mind our selling a machine to a person who has bought 
one of his. 

Mr. JustICE GRANTHAM: Perhaps not, but if you tell them 
to take one of yours instead of theirs that means break your 
contract. 

Mr. Ciuer: What we feel is that if we submit to our under- 
taking we shall be in that difficulty every time we canvass people. 

BARON PoLLock: You will be in the same difficulty either 
way, because the plaintiffs will not rest if we refuse this injunction , 
but the moment they think they have a stronger case they will 
come again. 

Mr. CiuerR: But he must not, I submit, apply for an injunc- 
tion unless he has satisfactory evidence. If your lordships look 
at the evidence, and you are satisfied that he has improperly 
applied for it, then it should be refused with costs. What I do 
suggest is that until it is made out against me that I have done 
some wrong I am not forced to give any undertaking 

BARON PoLLock: For my part, if I were representing the 
defendants I should feel this. Of course, no man has a right 
to say you are doing a wrongful act, a quasi criminal act, but 
when it comes to the question of asking for damages J think 
the plaintiff has taken, if one may use the expression, a nobler 
course. He says, “I donot want to get money out of the defendants, 
I do not want vindictive damages, I would rather stop the thing, 
and if I can stop it I do not ask for damages.” 

Mr. CLuER: He has not said that. 

Baron Pouiock: [ think that is a fair way, in a mercantile 
point of view, of enabling you to say, ‘If you charge me with doing 
this, although I do not do it, I will undertake till the trial not to 
do what you say I do.” You are as safe as possible. 

Mr. Ciurr: I fear we shall not be safe—Il mean from one’s 
experience of what does happen. 

Baron Pottock: You will never be safe from this sort of 
peddling competition. I amsure that is the intention of the plain- 
tiffs. If they get hold of anything they will say ‘“‘ Now we have 
you,’ and they will come here again. 

Mr. CLurnR: They know that the use of the word ‘“ Singer” has 
been restrained over and over again in the Chancery Division. Mr. 
Bray admits he has been in the habit of using the word. He 
admits that he used to sell his machines as ours. Yet he come 
and says all I want is an undertaking. I say an undertaking i 
equivalent to aninjunction. Lord Justice Baggalay says in Griffiths 
vw. Clarke that there is no difference between the two. I will be 
quite willing in an ordinary case to give an undertaking, but 1 
cannot here. 

Mr. JusTIcCE GRANTHAM: I am afraid we must go on if you 
will not do what my learned brother suggests. 

Mr. Ciuerr: I feel it would not be doing justice to my clients 
unless the facts are before the Court. If the Court, upon the facts, 
is of opinion that there should not be an injunction it will not be 
of opinion that we should give an undertaking. 

BARON POLLOCK ; No, you can hardly say that. 

Mr, Ciuer: I think it would follow if the Court does not see 
its way to grant an interlocutory injunction that we cannot be 
asked to give an undertaking. The real point is, ought the plain- 
tiffs to have taken these steps, and I submit that these two cases, 
which are the only cases they produce in support of their applica- 
tion, do not justify them in having brought these proceedings at 
all. There is a serious question between the parties as to what 
was done on these occasions, and I shall be able to show your 
lordships that as to both of these cases which they rely on we did 
nothing. We had various information from strangers first of all, 
and we were asked by them to see these people and I think your 
lordships will come to the conclusion that we have not done any- 
thing more than legitimately carry on our trade. One trade must 
injure another. In one case we were told by a perfect stranger, 
and it is still repeated by her, ‘‘ This machine was sold to me as a 
“Singer,” Thereupon the arrangement to return it was made 
without our interference. In the other case we were told she wag 
deceived and wanted one of ours. Thereupon we went and said, 
*°Do you want it,” and we did nothing more than that. There was 
a third case, namely, that of Miss Baines, where they had a letter 
saying that the machine was sold as a “‘Singer,” and then they 
wichdraw that case. I submit that 1 am justified in going into 
the facts of the case unless my friend will let the matter stand 
over. No doubt there will be rivalry. It would he fairer to leé 
both motions stand over than to take undertakings which will 
only be the subject of further litigation. 

Mr. JusTICE GRANTHAM: We had better go on, we are only 
wasting time. 

BARON POLLock : It is only another illustration ot how your 
case differs from the case of The Mogul Steamship Company. 
If a defendant has for years or for months used a stream in the 
course of his business for his dye works the Court would not, 
except under very special circumstances, say that he should not 
use that stream, whereby his works would be stopped, at the 
invitation of a rival dye works, But supposing the charge was 

















and Sewing Machine Gazette. 2t 


not that he was using that stream which he had nota right to 
use, but that he was purposely and wickedly putting some 
poisonous substance into the water which came down from his 
works to prevent his neighbour using what otherwise would be 
pure water. That is quite a different kind of charge, and when 
the Court says it will stop you from doing that it does not stop 
your works but merely says tnat you shall not do a thing which 
it is alleged you do, and which you say you do not do. 

Mr. Ciuer: Ifhe undertakes not to go on poisoning the 
stream—and he says the plaintiff has attacked me without any 
evidence —— 

BARON POLLOCK: Yes, of course, that is different. 

Mr. Cuiuer: The difficulty in this case is this, that all one 
costs will come out of our pockets. We shall get nothing from 
the plaintiffs. 

BARON PoLLock : The two eases that Mr. Jelf presented put 
you in this difficulty. It is much more difficult to make a charge 
than it is to deny it. It is very difficult upon the affidavits to 
say that the case is made out unless we have viva rove evidence. 

Mr. CLUER : If the plaintiffs are entitled to an injunction they 
will get it at the trial. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: Of course they will, but that is 
not what is wanted. They do not want to wait till the trial. 

Mr. Ciurr: They have waited two years before they take 
these proceedings, and now they come and ask suddenly for an 
interim injunction. 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: You had better go on if you are — 
not ready to give the undertaking. 

Mr. CLurR: My lords, I have spoken to my client, and if the 
notice of motion is varied by the insertion of the words Baron 
Pollock suggests, “illegally inducing persons to break their con- 
tracts,” he authorises me to give the undertaking. I do not 
know whether my friend wishes for the words about slandering 
the title, may we not say that his goods are rubbish ? 

BARON POLLOCK : That is not slander of title. 

Mr. Clune: Then upon their giving the undertaking in the 
terms of our notice of motion in the Chancery Division we will 
give the undertaking in this action. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : That they agree to. 

Baron Pouwock ; [ think myself that will be a very satisfac- 
tory termination. You do not object to the word “illegally ” 
going in, Mr. Isaacs? 

Mr. Rurus Isaacs: No, my lord. 

Baron PoOLLock: It seems to me no Court would give an 
injunction except with that word, or something equivalent to it, 
being put in. i 

Mr. Rurus IsAAcs: The point was argued in that case of 
Wright v. Hennessey, and the notice of motion was framed on that 
case. I do not want to argue it, because | am content to take it 
in that form. 

Mr. CLuER: I must ask that the words ‘from slandering the 
title of the plaintiffs’ goods” come out. 

Mr. Rurus Isaa I do not see how they hurt you. 

Mr, CLugr: That is the way costs are piled up. 

Mr. Rurus Isaacs : If you undertake exactly in the terms of 
the summons with the words ‘‘illegally” inserted I will give the 
undertaking in the other action. 

BARON POLLOCK : Slander of title does not mean saying your 
goods are bad, and mine are good. It means this, that you are 
selling goods which you have no right to sell because they are 
represented as ours. ; 

Mr. CLuER: That is not what they complain of. 
complain that we call them ‘‘ German trash.” 

Mr. Rurus Isaacs: We do not say that at all. 

BARON PoLLock ; There may be, when you come to the trial, 
something that might be included in that. 

Mr. CLUER: Would your lordship look at the words of the 
statement of claim. They are in paragraphs 10 and 11. It is both 
slander and slander of title. Look at my friend’s idea of slander 
of title. Itisat the top of page 4. ” King’s machines are a 
swindle, and you have been swindled,” and ‘* King’s machines are 
useless and worthless, and will never work,” and ‘‘ King’s machines 
are a fraud, and that they were a pack of swindlers.” In the 11th 
paragraph: ‘* There is a London firm of swindlers selling bogus 
machines.” If that is not slander of title, there is no alleeation 
of slander of title in the claim, Therefore I submit my friend 
could not ask to restrain us from slandering his title and this, 
I submit, is not an action for slander of title. Baron Pollock 
pointed out what slandering the title of the plaintiffs goods is, 
and, I submit, there is no evidence of that. The real thin 
we have induced persons to send back the machines. We say, 
yes, we have, when we found them sold as Singer's. i 

BARON POLLOCK : I do not know whether slander of title would 
be the exact equivalent to that, but it would be actionable 
because, I suppose, to say of a man that he is selling a bogus 
machine, which means a machine which is made like the razor, 
to sell and not to shave, would be a slander. 

Mr. CLuER: But a company cannot slander, it is only the 
individual. p 

Baron Poitock: I do not know. 

Mr. CLuER: All the eases show that interlocutory injunctions 
are not granted fer anything of the kind. 

Mr, Rurus tsAacs: Slander of goods is not altogether the 
same thing as slander of title, but it is cenerally classed under the 
same head. This is slander of the company and slander of ‘the 
company’s goods. j 

BARON Poutock : You had better let that be in. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: Yes. 

Mr. Ciurr : Of course, my lords, it is obvious that J have not 
been through the evidence. Mr. Jelf has had the opportunity of 
stating the evidence, but I have had no opportunity of pointing 
out how we meet fact by fact. > 

Mr, JUSTICE GRANTHAM : 











They only 














We do not touch that. 























ee 


22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Me. CLuer: Only this is an advertisement for the plaintiffs, 
answer 


and I do not want it to go forth that we are not able to 
their facts, 
3ARON POLLOCK : I am not speaking from a legal point of view, 

Th a mercantile point of view, and, as I have said. already, I think 
you stand in a better position when you come down to the 
ultimate trial by the course you have adopted now than if you 
had gone on. I cannot say what would have been the result, but 
I feel this, that if the Court should feel obliged in the present 
state of the evidence to grant an interim injunction then your 
position certainly would be worse than it is now , and I think thar 
would be a little hard on you. I think you have done what is 
right and taken the fair and proper course fora defendant to take. 

Mr Rurus Isaacs: With regard to the costs I suppose they 
will be costs in the action. 

BARon POLLOCK : Yes, 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: I think a statement was made 
somewhere that these machines of the plaintiffs were made in 
Germany. Is that so? 

Mr. CLUER : 
and represented that it is made like ours. 
instruction book. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : I want to see where it is. 

Mr. Ciurr: In their own book, which they hand to people 
after they have bought the machine they say, ‘* Made in Germany.” 

Mr. Justice GRANTHAM: Where is that stated on the 
machine ? ¢ 

Mr. CiueR: I do not think your lordships will find it at all. 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM : Then surely that is an infringement 
of the Merchandise Marks Act. 

Mr. Ciuer: The difficulty is this, that at present as long as 
you do not sell the things as English make then you need “not 
put on it ‘‘ Made in Germany.’ That is the law, but at the same 
time mast respectable people do put it on in order to warn the 
public. 

Mr. Rurus Isaacs: I am told that is the reason why we 
cannot print on our machines “‘ King’s Universal Supply.” 

Mr. JUSTICE GRANTHAM: I cannot help thinking the law 
would be much better if you had to put on the thing itself that 
it is made in Germany if it is so made. 

Mr. CLurR: Certainly, my lords, 
matter I have to mention. 
should be reserved for the judge at the trial and not be made 
costs in the action. 

BARON POLLOCK : 


They print it in their 


there is only one other 


Certainly, the costs will be reserved. 








Failures and Arrangements. 


WM. WILLIAMS, engineer, cycle manufacturer, and domestic 
machinery dealer, the Ship Cycle, Gun, and Sportsmans’ Depot, 
Church Street, Llanelly, and at Cilhoel. 

The above has filed a deed of arrangement under which a composi- 
tion of 10s. in the pound is to be paid in two equal instalments, on 
December roth, 1894, and six months from November 24th. Unsecured 
liabilities, £826 4s. ad. ; estimated net assets, £194 Os. 9d.; secured 
creditors, £95. 


J. A. MITCHELL & Co., cycle\agents and domestic machinery 
dealers, Aberdeen; and R. M. MACKAY, individual partner. 
A first and final dividend will be paid in the aboye on January roth, 
at L. Mackinnon’s, junr., 23, Market Street, Aberdeen. 


M. OWENS, domestic machinery dealer, 139, St. 
Dublin. 

Ata meeting of creditors held herein on November 3oth, an offer 
was made of 6s. 8d. in the pound, payable in twelve months, and 
secured by the debtor making a cash lodgment weekly with a trustee 
to be appointed by the creditors. 

The following is a list of the principal creditors : = 





Stephen’s Green, 


pasued: 
American Wringer Company... 6a0 ono A, IK) ©) 
Brassington & Cooke... 0 oat) mo 3 LL ©) 
Cherry Tree Machine Company .. A Bhan GUS Gf al 
Drimer Bros. ono cp pe HK - © 
Dublin United Tramway Company me os 65 © § 
Grimshaw & Baxter Se Bay ans TOM 74 
Harrop, John 900 ses 600 boo ooo ay oP 
Hyland, T.. o i neo 00 25) 1) ©) 
Star Manufacturing Company eee cobs AR HeL 3} 
Wheeler & Wilson Pans eHe Company ss. 404 18 5 
White & White... Bao oO 7LOReO 
Yeomans, Samuel . ae Ree ae Jed MWe 2 ©) 
Bankers’ Claims ... toe Bon 600 eee OO MEO 
Liabilities ... cco 350 HOF ne ce Os Oke 5 mney) 
Assets one co BIG) 2 = © 


JOHN PEABODY, fetes tana ca oniaeiio: dealer, Wigston 
and Coalville. 

In the above bankruptcy the Eclipse Machine Company, Oldbam, 
are creditors for £25 17s. 

JOHN W. LAYTON, cycle and domestic machinery dealer, Upper 
Station Road, Newmarket. 

A first and final dividend of 2s. 6d. is now being” paid at the Official 

Receiver’s, Cambridge. 

SMITH & SONS (Jas. E. Smith, trading as), wringing machine 
manufacturers, Royd Works, Beechcliffe, Keighley. 

A first dividend of 3s. 6d. is now being paid at 8, Charles Street, 

Bradford. 

HENDERSON & PATERSON, ironmongers and dealers in peram- 
bulators and mangles, S: irling, and GEORGE HENDERSON, 
only partner. 

A first dividend in the above is payable on January 25th at J. Archi- 
bald’s, 63, Port Street, Stirling, 


| against Walter i 
Yes, they went to one of our German customers | 


I suggest that the costs of this motion | 








JAN. 1,. 1895, 


SABRINA CYCLE COMPANY (Edward Walker), cycle manu- 
facturers and agents for perambulators and cycles, Mill Bank, 
Wellington, Salop. 

Among the creditors in the above bankruptcy are the Midland 

Perambulator Company for £80 12s. 5d. 

ROBERT CASSELS, merchant, 18, Duke Street, Hamilton. 

In the above failure the assets are estimated at £250, of which 
£210 is stock, and the liabilities at £545, the deficiency thus standing 


} at £205. 
Among the creditors are the following : — 
aS ade 
Halesowen Pram Company, Halesowen... nod WS) © 
Wells, G. H. & Co., Birmingham ee Pe 32 yu On iG, 
oo 


Wheeler & Wilson Company, London ... CeO) 








BILL OF SALE. 
dated November 23rd, was filed December 6th 
Everett, cycle and perambulator dealer, Sweyn Road, 
Margate, in favour of Messrs. Marriott & Cooper for £133 1s. 11d. 


A bill of sale, 





COUNTY COURT JUDGMENTS. 
November 12th.—W. Barrett, cycle, furniture, and domestic 
machinery dealer, 207, Duke Street, Barrow-in-Furness, £14 8s. 5d. 
November 7th.—G. Insley, bath chair manufacturer, 130, Stockport- 


| port Road, Longsight, Manchester, 416 gs. 


November 8th.—W. H. Owen, bassinette dealer, 80, Deansgate, 


Manchester, £11 Ios. 8d. 


November 13th.—Alfred Chapman, dealer in cycles and prams., 19, 


| Infirmary Square, Leicester, 410 Is. 6d. 


November 9th.—T. Gladwell, cycle and domestic machinery dealer, 
Onslow Street, Guilford, £17 18s. 4d. 

November 13th. —Gower Cycle Company, cycle and domestic 
machinery dealers, Trinity Buildings, Eastbourne, £18 Is. 

November 9th.—Saubergue & Co., ironmongers and dealers in 
mangles, South Street, Dorking, 432 9s. 2d. 








DEATH OF MR: J. H. GREENWOOD. 


We regret to have to record the death of Mr. J. H. Greenwood, 
sewing and knitting machine dealer, Hanley, which occurred on the 
Ist of lastmonth. The deceased was born at Halifax in 1851, and at 
an early age was apprenticed to one of the largest engineering firms in 
the north of England. At the completion of his apprenticeship he 


| commenced business on his own account in the sewing machine 
} trade. 


Fifteen years ago he removed to the Staffordshire Potteries, 
where it was not long before he had established a manufactory for 
knitted hosiery. For some years he did an extensive business in the 
wholesale trade, but his retail business developed to such an extent 


j that he relinquished the wholesale, and devoted his whole attention to 
| his retail establishments, of which he had several in the pottery towns. 
| Mr. Greenwood leaves a wife and family. 
| respected throughout North Staffordshire. 


He was well known and 
























orn 


Sa mn 


An American firm will shortly introduce violins made from 
aluminium. 
ong 
Messrs. Steinway & Son, in one week last October, sent out no less 
than 318 pianos. 
saa * 
It is said that Story & Clark's produce at their factory in Chicago 
thirty organs per day on an average. 


Messrs. A. & E. Humphreys, of Little Camden Street, N.W., have 
a few new models in American organs suitable for a middle-class trade. 


* 

Many dealers have of late sold auto-harps, and they will be interested 
to know that the Americans have commenced to use this as a concert 
solo instrument. 

die 

The demand for pianettes appears to be decidedly on the increase, 
and manufacturers are turning their atteation to same more than 
formerly. Messrs. Robert Cocks & Co., of New Burlington Street, 
have just brought out anew model, called the “ Bungalow,” to retail 
at thirty-six guineas. 

- mie: 

Messrs. Strohmenger & Sons, of Goswell Road, E.C., also have a 
new iron-framed pianette, which is selling well. This firm have just 
enlarged their factory, and next year complete their half-century of 
existence. 

Ct 

The will of the late Henry Fowler Broadwood, late head of John 
Broadwood & Sons, was recently proved for £71,407. ‘He leaves his 
interest and share in his old firm to hisson, Mr. Henry John T. Broad- 
wood, who represents the fifth generation of Broadwoods engaged in 
the piano business. 


* 
ca 


An interesting ilem reaches us from Germany. It is said that one 
Otto Migge, of Coblence, claims to have discovered the secret of the 
old violin makers. This, of course, is an old claim, but in a forth- 
coming work young Migge promises to reveal the secret. We might 
add that it is connected with both the way the old violins were built 
as well as the varnish used, 





JAN. 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 23 
6 se a ee re rr 


BEWARE OF MISREPRESENTATION. 


It is wrongfully stated that 


SINGER’S NEW SEWING MACHINE 


Which executes such beautiful Art Work, is not suitable for 
lain Sewing also. 





THIS IS A MISLEADING AND UNTRUTHFUL 
STATEMENT. 


THE SAME MACHINE 


DOES BOT Ei 


PLAIN SEWING & ART WORK | 


To the most complete satisfaction of the user. 


POSSSOSSO SSO SOHO SHH HOSHSOHOSOHSOHS SS HOHHOO HOSS O OOD 


IN NOVEMBER ALONE! IN THIS COUNTRY ALONE ! 


-S.570O™ 


SEWING MACHINES OF VARIOUS MAKERS WERE 
EXCHANGED BY 


SINGER’S 


FOR THEIR 


NEW SEWING MACHINE ; 
Or at the rate of MORE THAN 40,000 PER YEAR. 


COMMENT IS NEEDLESS. 





You, also, can have your Old Machine Exchanged, 
and an Allowance made of from 1Qg, to 2Qs. 


The Singer Manufacturing Co. 
City Show Room :—14'/, GHEAPSIDE, E.C. 


DOSS SOHO GGHHHOSHOHOOHOOOOOOD 





BRANCH OFFICES EVERYWHERE. 








FE A Se a en Fe an A pe er ———- 
get aeae = TE a ee ine oe PR es ea ase ae 
= Sse an: Sp NN) are Ss 7 aes ob iar nat Sa ope en S eG ae aa 


i 


iesarahy Waseca 








Peo 


Sai Ai ea ae a ee Cia eres is 


24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN. 1, 1895. 


mec Re SUPPLIED GANS, 
TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 
Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON ae es AND INSPECTION INVITED. 





THE “BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD. 
eee __ LONDON, W. 





Greatest rump in 1 Baby Coachbuilding. 
Patent a eo Jf = fe 














— Combination Ze 
BABY ie 
CARRIAGE 


AND 


MAIL GART. 


Convertible to 
4% Positions. 


or Home 





should be 


without one. 


Ney ws LISTS SUPPLIED 
: we 








‘ON 


K\ ny APPLICATION. 
Rye 


RE Ea’ (off OLDHAM STREET), 


MAN CE le Ld 








(Patent, No. 16,502). 











| ———™ eee GANOPIES | 


SPECIAL SUMMER OFFER. 
BRASS and IRON CANOPY FRAMES 


For Mail Carts and Bassinettes. 


PLAIN anp FANCY CANOPY COVERS 


In a Variety of Patterns. 





tue de? ee =D eh kN A Ze Bae ' @) @ g 
46, Hue oe Borne eee 
The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 














JAN. 3, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 





[Pes Se 


American Weinger GO. 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE C0.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 


een 








































































nin 
aT 
on 


i 
cil 


The “ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for | 





GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 











SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER, 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





» HEW HARRISON | SWIFT GOLD MEDAB 


TER 


KW ITS Stockings ribbed or plain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING im 
WOOL, SILK, or COTTON, INSTRUG 

TIONS FREE. Lists 2d..per post. 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The only 
mee WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and 22 other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CQ, 

Works: 48, Upner Brook St,. Manchester. 


The New 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


~,/ is the only machine in the world 
( which can knit every garment 
Ss that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what could be done onthe 
‘¢New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and thousands of ladies 
who have entirely abolished hand kaitting are now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything. in eituer sik, wool, or cotton. 

Write for prices and fall particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 















the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide li\sz 


Hire-Purchase Dealers. 


The ‘“ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very | 


best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 


the Hire System. 
The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ’? WRINGER have a covering 


of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft } 


and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 


The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
| opened at the Crystal Pa'ace five days after the “ Stanley” had closed, 


shape. ; 
Considering the quality of the materials used, the ““ HOUSEHOLD ” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


OSSSF9HEHO9OHOSHG9099 995900055500 0000 


WHAT IS THIS? 8 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle. 
We _ guarantee all 

















rollers in our ma- 


chines to have an 








equal thickness of 





rubber to that shown 


in the sketch. 








DLS NSS SI ALD DISS 





ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 


a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 








Our new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER CO. 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, §.E, 
































THE NATIONAL CYCLE SHOW. 


_Our report of the ‘‘ Stanley ” show was necessarily short, as we merely 
aimed at giving our readers just such practical impressions as we were 
able to gather from the exhibition as a whole. The “ National,” which 


and only lasted five days, is also at an end, and it is now possible for 
us to leisurely glance back at both exhibitions. 

There is no denying the fact that the 248 exhibitors at the 
“National ” contrived to produce a magnificent general effect. Indeed 
we yank the last Palace show the most brilliant yet held. Every 


| exhibitor appeared to have attempted to excel his neighbour in the 


novel and tasteful way he had arranged his exhibits. The cycle 
agent whe has travelled from a distance, however, cares little for 
such trifles. He looks to be rewarded for his absence from home 
with some genuine novelties which he can turn to practical advan- 


tage. Was he satished? Well, if he had previously visited the 


“Stanley ” we should say decidedly not ; indeed, most of the agents who 
we happened to meet at the Palace told us that they had wasted their 
time by coming to town, There is no denying the fact that there was 
a surprising absence of novelties at the ‘ National,” and, furtber, that 
agents are not to be tempted to give their orders so far in advance of 
the new season. Trade exhibitions, 2s we understand them, are 
justified on one of two grounds—the display of novelties or the 
opportunity for buyer to meet seller and place with him a substantial 
order. The cycle trade, as we remarked last month, has by common 
consent agreed that the Humber frame safety answers évery require- 
ment, and we are inclined to think that for some years to come there 
will be no substantial change. The “Giraffe” and the geared 
ordinary have failed to catch on, and, like the old ordinary, have 
practically dropped out of the market. We will not vouch for the 
absolute accuracy of our figures, but of the 1,500 machines on show at 
the Palace we should say that not less than 1,200 were safeties, and 
the remainder were tricycles (mostly singles) and tandem 
bicycles. The only difference between the average safety shown this 
year as compared with the fashion in 1893 was a slight 
increase in the size of the tubing and thechain wheel, with narrower 
tread, also higher-back frames and an increased adoption of wooden 
rims. We ought also to mention the fact that the handle bar in most 
cases was more curved than formerly, to enable the rider tu sit more 
erect, and, lastly, detachable gear-cases were to be seen on every 
stand. As these few words suffice to summarise the impression of the 
whole of the exhibits, we are emboldened to designate the 1894 
“National” ared-letter show, not for useful novelties, but for the entire 
lack of same, so far as the frames are concerned. ‘These remarks 
apply especially to safeties for both sexes, but they apply almost as 
fully to tricycles and tandems. As to the latter, greater compactness 
and more artistic lines are noticeable features. 


TYREs. 
In our report of the “Stanley’’ we dismissed the tyre section in a 
few words, as we knew that otherwise we should have to go over the 








26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





JAN. 1, 1895. 





ground again. Matured reflection, plus the experience gained at the 
“National,” confirms the view we formed at the “Stanley,” viz., that since 
both the “‘ Dunlop” and ‘‘ Clincher” for 1895 are positively unaltered 
in the slightest degree, and further, single tubes having lost ground of 
late, the following will be the order of patronage :—Dunlop, Clincher, 
Palmer (with Clincher cover), Preston-Davies, and Seddon. It will 
be noted that we leave out of our reckoning some forty other tyres, 
several of which have acquired a slight reputation, such as the 
“ Cooke,” ‘‘ Fleetwood,” “Stubbs,” ‘‘G. and J.,” and ‘ Grappler.” 
We do not ihink, however, that they are safe to stock to any extent, 
nor, indeed, are few tyres other than the “Dunlop” «and the 
‘‘Clincher.” As at the‘ Stanley,” the Crystal Palace tyre department was 
yell supplied with tyres of one form and another—we counted no less 
than thirty patent tyres at the latter—but most of them had figured 
at a previous “‘ National,” and had not met with much patronage from 
either makers or dealers for causes we need not enter into. Several 
of them, we observed, had been slightly improved of late, noticeably 
the “Stubbs,” which is now uncommonly free from ‘‘rolling” by 
reason of a canvas, coated with rubber, placed between the inner tubeand 
its cover. We should not omit to mention that several of the tyres, n- 
cluding the “ Woodley ” and the ‘‘ Fleetweod,” are guaranteed by the 
makers to last twelve months, and if they fail will be repaired free of 
charge. dutis there nonew tyre which possessesall the recuired points, and 
which bids fair to achieve a real success during the coming season ? 
We are really unable to name such a tyre, except it be the “‘ La Plata.” 
This comes from Shefheld, and several dealers who sold it Jast season 
inform us that it is absolutely reliable, and that we can safely com- 
mend it to our readers. It has lozenge-shaped plates of aluminium for 
locking the outer cover to the rim. We tried ourutmost to punctuate 
it with a strong, well-pomted pin, but found this practically impossible. 
The tyre is also lighter than many of its competitors—a pair of rims 
and tyres for the road weighing 7 lbs.; but, beyond all, its price 
is reasonable, which cannot be said of most of the successful tyres. It 
is nothing short of monstrous the charge made for the standard tyres, 
and dealers should warmly support any make of tyre which, whilst 
giving satisfaction to their customers, isnot saddled with an exorbitant 
rate of protit. 


ACCESSORIES. 


The exhibits of accessories were by no means as numerous as at the 
‘Stanley,’ but there were a fair number of lamp, saddle, bell, and gear- 
case makers represented. We did not notice any special novelties on 
their stalls. At the White Sewing Machine Company’s stand (where 
were exhibited a number of “ Wincycles” and “ Triumph ” safeties) Mr. 
Smith, their traveller, showed his patent ‘‘ ventilated tourist outfit.’ 
Winter and wet weather riding has increased enormously of late years, 
and such inventions as Mr. Smith’s leggings and knee capes remove 
much of the discomforts to which such riders are exposed. The inven- 
tion is entirely the outcome of a long-felt want on the part of the 
inventor, who, as many of our readers well know, makes most of his 
journeys from town to town on a safety. Indeed, Mr. Smith has 
travelled on business upwards of 12,090 miles by bicycle in all 
weathers, and his experience is that a rider provided with the new 
outfit can be certain of returning home with dry knees and legs, 
although he may spend the whole day in the rain. The principal 
novelty in Smith’s invention is the method of ventilating a waterproof 
dress, which consists of utilising the downward movement of the foot to 
open a spring frame at the base cf-the leggings, thus forcing upwards 
a current of fresh air. The leggings and knee capes are so light and 
portable that they can be carried in the pocket. The White Sewing 
Machine Company, who are sole wholesale agents, will send further 
details on application, and we must say, in conclusion, that this was 
one of the few really useful and practical inventions at the show. 

SPEAKING GENERALLY. 

Our readers will observe that we have specially refrained from 
giving details of the exhibits at individual stands, both as regards the 
“Stanley” and the “National,” contenting curselves with a 
general survey of the line of progress reached by the 
cycle industry as a whole. A great change has come over the cycle 
trade the past two years. Formerly the makers were comparatively 
few in number, and agents were compelled to order early or “get 
left.”’ So fierce now is the competition among the makers that, to 
quote the words of one of the largest buyers in the country, there is 
«no occasion for agents to distress themselves by ordering until their 
customers are almost ready to buy.” We are firmly convinced that if 
the shows were held at the beginning of Iebiuary exhibitors would 
find their order books in constant request,and no’, asat both of the recent 
shows, have to employ themselves with merely answering inquiries 
which may or may not result in business. 

We propose in our next issue to indicate to our readers a few of the 
best markets for machines and sundries, as by that time they will 
assuredly be thinking of making their purchases for the new season. 








CYCLE CATALOGUES. 


We have received Trade Lists from the following firms :— 

Brapbury & Co., LimireD—This well-known firm of sewing 
machine and perambulator manufacturers have issued a very attractive 
catalogue of cycles, which, as our readers know, they are now manu- 
facturing on a large scale, It is artistically printed, and contains 
illustrations of all the cycles Messrs. Bradbury & Co. exhibited at the 
recent Stanley Show. 

Harry S. ROBERTS.—This firm, whose works, as most dealers 
know, are at Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, have just issued an attrac- 
tive and comprehensive trade list, which should be in the hands of 
every up-to-date cycle agent. No doubt many of our readers saw Mr. 
Roberts’ exhibit of “Condor” safeties and tricycles at the Nationel 
Show last month. All these are illustrated in the new list, and details 
are also given of this firm’s system of conducting a hire-purchase 
business, under which agents do not risk any of their own money, but 
are paid a substantial commission on the orders taken and have no 
further responsibility in the matter. 

WHITE SEWING MACHINE CoMPANY.—The new list of the White 
Sewing Machine Company contains illustrations of the ‘‘ Wincycle ” 
and Triumph” cycles, which made a fine show at the Crystal 


Palace last month. Many of our readers have, no doubt, already 
received copies, but every cycle agent should keep one in his 
possession. 

THE VicroR1A MANUFACTURING CompANy.—Mr. Wark, the 
manager of this young and progressive concern, was in London during 
the ‘ National” Show exhibiting specimens of his company’s make of 
cycles, and he informs us that he did a considerable amount of busi- 
ness as the result of his visit. Unltke most cycle manufacturers, he had 
nothing to complain of as regards his last year’s trade. It showed a 
great improvement over the preceding year, and his prospects for the 
coming season are brighter still. The Victoria Manufacturiog Company's 
new catalogue is thoroughly comprehensive, and any dealer can have 
same by writing to their office, 71, Cathedra! Street, Glasgow. We 
might add that this company have been appointed wholesale agents 
for the sale in Scotland and Ireland of the ‘‘ La Plata ” pneumatic tyre, 
which we highly commend in another column. 

THE BIRMINGHAM CYCLE CORPORATION.—This is a new concern 
which has been started in Birmingham by Mr. J. Mason, the founder 
of the Cycle Agents’ Union. They haye commenced well, judging 
from the display they made at the Crystal Palace, and their catalo gue, 
just to hand, is printed aad illustrated in good style. 






















































































Bradbury’s depot, in High Street, Camden Town, was fitted up in an 


extremely tasteful manner. In order to make amends for the absence 
of width a raised platform was erected inside, which permitted a larger 
display of machines, with fancy stitching attached. In the centre of 
the window was a swing cot, which looked very handsome, draped 
with coloured muslin and satin, and the fabrics used were quilted 
throughout on a Bradbury machine. Other novelties in the window 
were a doll dressed as a shepherdess, with crook and lamb complete, 
also a doll got up exactly to represent Mary Queen of Scots. 
“ * 


* 

Singer’s Cheapside showroom has for months past attracted much 
attention from the public on account of its magnificent collection of art 
pictures and machinery in motion. During the past week it has been 
farther enriched with magnificent hanging drapery and additional art 
work, also with a seasonable compliment in old English lettering 
worked on the sewing machine and mounted in a handsome frame. 
This is the finest “needle writing” we have ever seen, and is beyon 
all praise. : 

ee " 

Mr. J. W. Birtwhistle, for some years manager of Messrs. J. G. 
Murdoch & Co.’s Birmingham depot, has been appointed inspector of 
his firm’s numerous branches. 

” * 

Messrs. Timberlake & Co., Limited, of Southport, are now pro- 
prietors of the Wigan Cycle Company, King Street, Wigan, who 
retail cycles and domestic machinery. 

= 

Mr. John Macsloy, cycle, sewing machine, and perambulator dealer, 
has removed from Rose Cottage to North Strand Street, Stranraer. 
He informs us that he is open to take up the sale of useful articles. 

= * 


* 

Mr. Charles L. Young, ‘the well-known sewing machine dealer, of 
Kingsland and branches, has been re-elected a Guardian for the 
Borough of Hackney, heading the poll, and the local paper pays him 
a warm compliment for the industry and consistency with which he has 
hitherto carried out his duties. 

=z * 
* 

Harpur Rros. & Mason, of Birmingham, who at one time made 
sewing machines. but latterly have turned their attention with great 
success to cycle fittings, have now converted their business into a com- 
pany under the title of Sharples, Limited. The capital of the company 
is £125 000, and it is proposed to manufacture cycles throughout, in 
addition to fittings for the trade. 


¢ = « 

In reference to the recent charge brought against Mr. B. Dukes, 
the well-known patent agent, of High Holborn, we are pleased to hear 
that the Court stopped the trial, and by its direction the jury acquitted 
him. Moreover it is only fair to add that this result was arrived at 
after hearing all the evidence the prosecution couid produce, and that 
the defence was not called upon. 

x* 
* 

We have several times referred to th2 book-sewinz machine, the 
invention of which has occupied the attention of Mr. Isidor Nasch for 
many years. The machine is now completed, and offices for its sale 
have been opened at 16, Barbican, EC. It is a remirkable tribute to 
the ingenuity and perseverance of its inventor, and we predict for it 
great success among bookbinders. | ‘ 

* 

A correspondent sends us a copy of The Times of India containing 
a letter on the subject of the proposed amendment to the Indian Com- 
panies’ Act. We observe that reference is made to a local sewing 
machine company, which, it says, has a paid-up capital of Rs. 17,750, 
and debts and liabilities of Rs. 45,649. The profit and loss account 
for 1893, the writer adds, shows a Balance of Rs. 654. 

* 


* 

Mr. W. V. Green, who started a musical instrument and domestic _ 
machinery business in St. Andrew’s Street, Hertford, two years ago, 
and has since removed to 6, Currie Street, Hertford, is desirous of 
making over same to another firm, for whom he will act as manager. 
He informs us that he has been highly successful thus far both in cash 
and hire trade, and that for family reasons alone does he desire to be 
relieved ofthe responsibility of ownel ship. 


* 

The decorating of the London sewing machine depots does not 
appear to have been so general "or so attractive as last Christmas 
There are two shops, hewever, worthy ofspecial mention, viz., Brad- 
bury’s, in Camden Town, and Singer’s, in Cheapside: 





oh ie eS al ad HS a eae at hs ii Wt he a 


JAN. 1, 1895. 


CREDIT—-WHAT IT IS. 


ITS ABUSE IN THE SEWING-MACHINE BUSINESS, AND 
A FEW SUGGESTIONS ON CREDIT-GIVING. 


By J. W. THOMpsoN. 


The sewing machine business, both wholesale and retail, is very 
largely a credit business, and to-day it is suffering most seriously from 
the effects of improper or over-crediting. There seems to prevail 
quite generally a feeling that sewing machine credits are different from 
any other, and that they do not come under the requirements of com- 
mercial credits. Many sewing machine agents and dealers sezm to be 
possessed of the idea that a promise to pay at a specified time is only 
a matter of form, the fulfilment thereof being contingent upon ability 
to realise from the sale of machines a surplus after paying other bills, 
&c. ; and that honour, integrity, and personal responsibility are only 
indirectly connected therewith, This certainly indicates gross lack 
of knowledge as to what credit is, its relations to the business, and the 
causes which lead to a depreciation of credit. 

Credit is Trust, and is based on confidence. Confidenceis the result 
of assurance, and the degree of confidence is always in exact propor- 
tion to the satisfactory character of the information or experience 
which is the ground of assurance. 

Credit is a Circulating Medium of Exchange——The manufacturer or 
wholesale dealer sells on credit to the retail dealer, who in turn sells 
on credit to the consumer, the medium of exchange in each case being 
credit. Fully 90 per cent. of the financial transactions of to-day are 
based on some form of credit, so that it really becomes the cohesive 
element of business. The value of any medium of exchange is wholly 
dependent upon confidence or assurance of ability to realise according 
to intent or agreement. Destroy confidence by the apparent disregard 
of terms, and the medium of exchange is at once depreciated, if not 

ully destroyed. Ay ee 

Credit isa condition, and the elements of strength in each individual 
case are only equal to that of the weakest constituent part. Honesty, 
intelligence, money and good connections are strong elements, but 
when couvled with a lack of experience or practical ability the 
strength of the combination becomes contingent upon the latter, or 
weaker, elements. ‘‘ No two credit problems have the same factors. 
When property is parted with, and in lieu thereof the buyer’s written 
or oral promise to pay is received, the matter of greatest importance 
to the seller is: Will the buyer pay promptly at the time specified, 
or will this promise to pay at a certain time be promptly discharged ? 
The decision must be made before selling, and the proper exercise of 
discretion on this point is called credit giving. The success of any 
business involving a large amount of credits is contingent upon the 
proper handling of credit-giving. me 

Has there not been great laxity in “credit giving” by both manu- 
facturers and retailers in the sewing machine business? Has not the 
business greatly deteriorated because of this laxity? Seemingly the 
situation has degenerated into something like this: “ My competitors 
are doing so-and-so, and I must do the same or go them one better in 
order to hold my own.’’ When and where is this unbusiness-like 
method going to stop? When will “quality” and not ‘quantity’ 
be the controlling requirement in the sewing machine trade ? Until 
that time there will not be any permanent or assured prosperity. The 
slip-shod, go-any-way style of disposing of sewing machines, and the 
pay-when-you-please method of collecting must he relegated to the 
past, and credit-giving handled in a business-like manner, the same as 
in any other well-conducted line. y 

The question of credit is therefore of the greatest importance, being 
paramount to all others connected with the sales department. *“ Goods 
well sold are half paid for,” isa truth beyond question. 

The following fundamental principles underlie credit giving in every 
business, and are particularly applicable to the sewing machine trade. 
When determining the question of credit the first thing to consider is 
the man. Information on this point, in both the wholesale and 
retail sewing machine trade, is almost wholly in the hands of the 
salesman, because he is usually the first, and often the only one, who 
comes in personal contact with the buyer. Being on the ground he 
has access to sources of information not available elsewhere, and his 
reports are therefore of first importance in determining the desirability 
ofacredit. In passing upon credits the following points cover the 
principal requisites : — ‘ 

rt. Character and Habits——Character is the individuality of the 
man, which distinguishes him from others. Habits are the fruitage of 
character, and the man’s habits are always in accord with his 
character. ; 

2. Business Ability.—Ability organizes a business, keeps it in good 
working order, adapts it to the ever-changing requirements of con- 
ditions, and is the motive power which keeps the machinery in 
operation. : ; Be 

3. Industry—This is the steady application of business ability 
which makes the organization most effective and continuous in Its 
operations. f 

4. Honesty—This is the corner-stone upon which the whole 
superstructure of a business enterprise rests. Honesty of purpose and 
actions ; honesty in meeting obligations and agreements promptly ; 
honesty in representing the qualities, capacity, and merits of a machine, 
and so on. 

5. Age.—This is a very important item in determining possible 
success. An eminent writer on this subject has said: “ After a man 
has passed the prime of life, our confidence decreases in the ratio of 
his advancing years and consequent decline of vitality and active 
usefulness.” If the best part of a man’s life has shown no fruit, what 
can be expected of him in old age ? 

6. Married or Single.—A man’s home and social relations have an 
important bearing on his financial responsibility. The difference in 
conditions surrounding two men often causes the greatest difference in 

_ ambitions and results. ‘‘ Our whole social and commercial fabric is 
based on individual efforts and desires of each man to raise his family 
to the highest degree of independence and respectability.” 

7. Economy.—This is the regulator which controls the outlay and 
adjusts expenses in proportion to the income from the profits of the 
business, 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 27 


8. Experience.—Experience produces skill, Experience begotten 
of success creates confidence. ‘It is always a matter of speculation 
how an inexperienced man will come out in an undertaking.” 

9. Antecedents.—Antecedents are the records of past life, and 
delineate honesty, punctuality, reliability, industry, and ability, with 
almost unerring accuracy. O22 

The next class of considerations pertain to The Business.—Their 
application is more pertinent to the extension of credits to dealers than 
by retailers to the consumer ; however, there are points which will be 
suggestive to the retailer, and aid him in passing upon the desirability 
of a customer for credit. 

1. Nature of Business.—This involves degree of risk, seasonableness 
of goods carried, convertibility and terms of sale. By degree of risk 
is meant whether the business is one involving much risk in its 
conduct. By seasonableness of goods is meant whether the business 
is one in which certain kinds of merchandise can only be sold in a 
particular season, which, of course, gives opportunity for large 
depreciation by going out of style, becoming shopworn, etc. By con- 
vertibility is meant whether the goods can readily be converted into 
money in case of financial pressure or failure. By terms of sale is 
meant whether the business is done on credit, or what proportion of it 
is done that way, the character of the credits, promptness in looking 
after collections, etc. 

2. Location of Business—Under this head comes the adaptation 
of the location to the requirements of the business, and the prevailing 
conditions which affect trade; whether in a manufacturing district, 
mining region, farming community, city, etc. The bearing of these 
points will be readily seen and appreciated. A man might be in a 
good line of business, but if in a poor location for realizing, according 
to the requirements of his capital, or if his line was not adapted to the 
location, in either case there would be a poor show for success. 

3. Capital.—Money pays bills. Money is requisite for the conduct 
of any business ; but the question of the amount in any case to insure 
safety is a matter of speculation. When goods are sold on credit, the 
creditor relies on the ability and honesty of the debtor to increase 
their value, but for his safety he also requires that the debtor furnish 
part of the capital, and the larger this proportion is to the amount of 
credit asked, the better it will be for both parties. In passing upon 
this point it is necessary to have determined beforehand whether or 
not the applicant for credit possesses the essential personal qualifica- 
tions ta success. 

4. Volume of Business.—The main point to be determined under 
this head is the proportion of capital to the amount of credit asked for 
and given in the conduct of the business. 

Assets.—This item is complicated and requires the best judg- 
ment, backed by experience, to properly ascertain the relative value, 
as a basis for determining credits. Its consideration involves the 
possible amount of depreciation in case of forced realization, shrinkage 
on account of bad debts, the probable expense necessary to convert 
the assets, outstanding liabilities, and how much of them are overdue, 
the success of the business, etc. A man who owes as much, or nearly 
as much, as the amount of his assets, is not a safe man to deal with as 
a rule, and sooner or later, in nine cases out of ten, will’ result in 
failure. When considering real estate as a part of the assets, look oy 
for over-valuation, and mortgages or liens on property. Also conside: 
the amount allowed for a homestead under the statute of a State. A 
homestead is not capital. 

6. Insurance.—This is often an important item in determining the 
desirability of a credit. Every debtor should always be fully insured. 

Look out for the man who is not particular about the prices he pays, 
or how much he buys; but always says: “‘ Give me the longest time 
you can.” Be very careful about giving credit to a man who, after 
you have carefully looked over his financial condition and decided 
that it does not warrant the extension of the credit asked for, under- 
takes an argument to convince you that he is worthy of credit. When 
there is doubt about credit, it is always best to consicer the credit 
asked for as so much cash to be loaned, and on that basis decide the 
question whether or not you would want to take the risk personally 
for that amount of cash. When there is doubt about any point 
involved in determining a credit, a pretty safe thing to do is to give 
the business the benefit of the doubt and not the man. 

There are many men in business who rank among the very best in 
all the personal essentials of success and desirability for credit, and yet 
have but little capital. In such cases it is best to exercise care until 
the foundations of confidence are fully established. If aman does not 
inspire confidence he is apt to be an undesirable customer. 

These points on credit are thrown out merely as suggestions, in the 
belief that a careful consideration of them will be profitable alike to 
manufacturers, wholesale dealers, and retailers. This is certainly an 
opportune time to readjust lines of credit, elevate the standard of 
quality, and eliminate the undesirable. The universal sentiment of 
the business is undoubtedly in that direction. Ilow many will have 
the courage of their convictions ?— Zhe Nation's Pride. 


GEO. TOWNSEND & 60., 
SEWING MACHINE 


NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS, 


GIVRY WORKS, REODITCH, 


Adyise the TRADE that they Manufacture none but first quality needles 
for every description of work. Buy no others but those bearing our TRADE 
mark, a WHITE ring on BLUE shank. None genwine but owr make. A 
quantity of Shuttles and Fittings in Stock at PRESENT DAY prices. 


London Agent: J. P. ALLEN, 12, WALBRCOK, E.C. 
SEND FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES. 

















+ 


30 The Journal of Domestic Appliances. 


AN INTERVIEW WITH MR. WANSBROUGA. 


“Jt is the common talk in the Sewing Machine Trade,” said a 
representative of the Sewing Machine Gazette to Mr. G. D. 
Wansbrough, solicitor to the Singer Company, *‘ that you h ave recently 
got an injunction against one Reinhold, perpetually restraining 
him from using the name ‘Singer’ or ‘Improved Singer’ in 
connection with sewing machines not manufactured by the Singer 
Company. Several dealers have asked us what this means. Could you 
explain the matter, Mr. Wansbrough?” : 

<¢There is little to explain,” said Mr. Wansbrough, ‘except that in 
the case against Mr. Reinhold we had absolute proof that a lady 
bought a machine for cash at Reinhold’s shop in Woolwich under the 
impression that it was one of the Singer Company’s make, and, 
when disillusioned, made complaint at one of our depots. We were, 
of course, compelled to take action under the circumstances. Not that 
we had any hostility to Mr. Reinhold, but it was undeniable that an 
order meant for the Singer Company had been erroneously given to a 
competitor who does not sell Singer machines, and that he supplied an 
imitation machine.” 

“Mr. Reinhold may not himself have desired to deceive.’’ 

“ Quite true; but that sort of excuse has been tolerated by the Singer 
Company far too long ; and we must, at times, make astand for our 
rights.” 3 

“What,” may I ask, ‘‘do you claim?” 

“ Our position in a word is this:—We ask nothing from any other 
member of the sewing machine trade except that they shall not use 
our name to our detriment. We neither want the mechanism nor 
trade name of cthers in the trade, but we do want and will insist upon 
the right to any advantage which arises from the use of the trade name 
Singer. Nor can this be said to be in the slightest degree unfair. It 
has cost us hundreds of thousands of pounds and many years trading 
to gain for the name ‘Singer’ a real value. Why, then, should 
others reap the fruit of ourenterprise and industry? Tell me, if you 
know why.” : 

Your representative had no reasons to give, and Mr. Wansbrough 
then went on to explain that the illegal use of the name ‘ Singer ” 
was almost daily being brought to the notice of the Singer Company, 
and that if action were taken in every case they would always be 
engaged in litigation. mater? i : 

“Then the whole question is one of deception ?’ 

“Putit this way: People use our name to sell German machines 
instead of adopting a name of their own, and selling their machines on 
their own merits. Thus wenot only lose sales, but there is a danger of 
the reputation of our goods suffering from inferior machines being 
palmed offias genuine Singers.” ; ‘ : 

“Now, as to the action by King’s Universal Supply Company. It 
is alleged that your company systematically turn out other firms 
machines. Is this correct ?” 

‘Most unqualifiedly no,” replied Mr. Wansbrough ; “the statement 
is false.” lt 

“But you did not deny it in the Court ?” 

“ Our side of the case,” said Mr. Wansbrough, “has not been gone 
into at all. The assertion was really too stupid to answer at the recent 
proceedings, but it will be fully dealt with at the trial. You must not 
forget that our evidence was not gone into. : : 

“May I ask if your defence is likely to be a claim to the right to turn 
out other people’s machines ? : pee : 

“T really cannot at this stage go fully iuto the matter,’ said Mr. 
Wansbrough, “but the Singer Company do not claim the right to 
trade on other than honourable, straightforward, commercial lines.” 

“But,” returned our representative, “the turning-out system is 
surely indefensible ?”” — f 

“True; and the Singer Company have suffered more from it than any 
other firm.” 

“Ts that so?” 

“ Undoubtedly ; and they would only be too pleased to know that 
there exists a law that will stop this malpractice,” 

“€ Can you say nothing further on this subject ?” ‘ 

“Not at present ; except that fair-minded persons will naturally 
refrain from jumping toa final conclusion without having the full facts 
before them, which will not be for some months to come.” 

Our representative then left, not being able to further draw the 
Singer solicitor, who expressed himself as certain of victory in both 
actions. Time will show. 








THE USE OF THE NAME “ SINGER.” 
AN INJUNCTION GRANTED. 


On November 30th, in the Chancery Division of the High Court of 
Justice, the following transpired. : é 

Mr. BYRNE, Q.C.: My Lord, in a case in which J had to move 
your Lordship for an injunction of The Singer Manufacturing Com- 
pany v. Reinhold, I understand the parties have arranged the 
matter and your Lordship will not be trounled. The motion is to be 
treated as the trial and the defendant has consented to a perpetual 
injunction. ; 

Mr. Justice Cuitry: That is agreed to? : : 

Mr. ByrNE: Yes. The learned juniors will endorse their briefs, 

‘and we will take the order according to their endorsements. 

Mr. Justice Currry: Very well. 

The following is a copy of the order :-— 

“Upon motion this day made unto this Court by counsel for the 
plaintifis, and upon hearing counsel for the plaintiffs and defendants, 
and the plaintiffs and defendants consenting to this jud.men’, 

“ This Court doth order that the defendants Reinhold & Co., their 
agents and servants, be perpetually restrained from using the name 
“Singer’ or ‘Improved Singer’ in connection with sewing machines 
which have not been manufactured by the plaintiffs in any manner 
calculated to induce any,persons to believe that such machines are the 
plaintiffs’ manufacture, and from representing as the plaintiffs’ 
machines any machines not manufactured by the plaintiffs, and from 

_ issuing or causing to be issued, handbills bearing the words ‘ Improved 





JAN. 1, 1895, 


Singer’ in reference to sewing machines in such a manner as to induce 
persons to believe that the machines therein referred to are the plain- 
tiffs’ manufacture. 

“* Andit is ordered that the defendants pay to the plaintiffs their costs 
of this action, including their costs of the evidence on the said motion. 

“And it is ordered thaf*the defendants do pay to the plaintiffs £5 in 
respect of damages, and alsothe sum of £4 Ios. paid by the plaintiffs 
for the sewing machine purchased by the plaintiffs, they undertaking 
to return the same to the defendants. 

“ And it is ordered that all further proceedings in this action be stayed 
except for the purpose of enforcing this order.” 

5 The following is a copy of the memorandum endorsed on 

rder :— 

“If you, the within-named Reinhold & Company, neglect to obey this 
judgment, you will be liable to process of execution for the purpose of 
compelling you to obey the same judgment.’ 

Mr. G. D. Wansbrough acted as solicitor for the plaintifts, and Mr. 
H. E. Tudor for the defendants. 








TRADE SMOKING CONCERT. 


On the 13th ult. there was held, at the Salutation Hotel, Newgate 
Street, E.C., the fourth concert of the sewing machine and kindred 
trades. Mr. W. J. Harris occupied the chair, with Mr. R.J. Johns, in 
the unavoidable absence of Mr. Joseph Powell (Wheeler & Wilson 
Company), as vice-chairman. 

The entertainment committee consisted of the following :—Messrs. 
Charles Bradbury (Grimme, Natalis,& Co.), Thomas C. Cole (American 
Wringer Company), W. J. Harris (W. J. Harris & Co., Limited), Geo. 
H. Hughes (Geo. H. Hughes), James A. Jackson (Bradbury & Co., 
Limited), R. J. Johns (Branston Two-Reel Sewing Machine 
Company), H. V. Lloyd (Borough), Geo. W. Phillips (Vertical Feed 
Sewing Machine Company), Joseph Powell (Wheeler & Wilson 
Manufacturing Company), George Sawyer (White Sewing Machine 
Company), H. E. Tudor (solicitor to the H.T P.A.), with Mr. S. J. 
Sewell as secretary. 

There was a good attendance of the London trade, also a few 
provincial dealers, and Mr. Charles Bradbury, to whom had been 
entrusted the whole of the musical arrangements, had certainly done 
his work remarkably well. Hc had engaged none but professional 
artistes, including the Vernon Lee Part Singers and Mr. Wingrove 
Ives, the popular bass. Mr. Alfred Inch, who was present as a guest, 
by special desire gave a couple of humorous recitations, which con- 
tributed in no small degree to the success of the evening. 

There were a few speeches as follows:—Mr. Harris gave “The 
Success of the Sewing Machine and Kindred Trades Smoking Concert,” 
which was drunk with enthusiasm. Mr. J. A. Jackson then gave “ The 
Chair,” and said that, as they all knew, Mr. Harris was always ready 
to take part in trade work, be it of a social or purely commercial cha- 
racter. ‘‘ The Visitors,” proposed from the vice-chair, was responded 
to by Mr. J. A. Chapman, of Sunderland, who, speaking as one of the 
oldest sewing machine and.cycle dealers in the country, deplored the 
fact that the cycle show should not be held in conjunction with a really 
representative exhibition of sewing machines, prams, and mangles. 
He thought that it would benefit all parties and bring many more 
dealers totown. Mr. W.S. Morser, of Sheffield, also returned thanks, 
and said that the concert showed that the old enmities in the sewing 
machine trade were on the decline, and he hoped that fair trading and a 
better understanding between members of the trade would become the 
rule in the future. Mr. Bradbury was then heartily thanked for having 
provided so fine an entertainment, after which Mr. Johns and Mr. G. 
W. Phillips replied for the committee. Mr. Johns desired another 
concert at an early date, and Mr. Phillips said that this was the first he 
had attended, but it should not, if he could help it, -be the last. The 
proceedings closed with a toast to the secretary. 


CONCERNING SCOTLAND. 

We beg to announce that we have appointed Mr. FRED. DICKSON, 
of 3, Morrison Street, Edinburgh, our Sole Wholesale Agent for 
Scotland for our Sewing Machine Needles, and who will, upon receipt 
of post card, forward per return full list and lowest quotations for 
every kind of Sewing Machine Needle made. 

S. COX & €O., 
Sewing Machine Needle Manufacturers, Alcester. 


nn rence 
PERAMBULATOR, SEWING MACHINE, 





and 

Domestic Machinery business.—Young lady having 7 years’ 
experience in above business, thoroughly understands every branch, 
including hire trade, seeks management of Department. Excellent 
references.— ‘‘ B. G.,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office, Paternoster - 
Row, E.C. 


a 
WV ANTED, by a thoroughly experienced Sewing 

Machine Mechanic and good General Fitter, capable of adding 
improvements in machinery, SITUATION to look after Stay Factory 
or Cloth Factory, or any place requiring skill.—Address, E. B., 142, 
Crescent Road, Plumstead, Kent. 


N EEDLES, SEWING MACHINES. — WILLIAM 
a HEATH, jun., 30 years’ manufacturer in England, 2 years’ in 
America. Needles made onthe American principle, best quality only. 
Price and samples with pleasure.—Web Heath Works, Redditch. 
Honorable mention awarded to William Heath, Paris Exhibition, 


1867. 
Machine, Is. 6d. per gallon; Cycle Burning, Is. gd. 


0 per gallon; Cycle Lubricating, 1s. 6d. per gallon, 


&c. Correspondence solicited—Isaac Spencer & Co. (late Lady 
Bridge Oil Works), High Street, Hull. 





Onur cash prices for finest Sewing Machine Oils are : 
—2 02Z., 148.;.3 0Z-, 16s. ; 4 oz., 18s. per gross, in 
panelled bottles. Oil guaranteed the best ; oils 
matched. Every kind of oil loose—Sewing 





JAN. 1, 1895; and Sewing Machine Gazette. 33 
3 + MANUFACTURERS OF 


EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 


_ BASSINETTES, 
MAIL CARTS, 
INVALID CHAIRS, &c. 












A Large Assortment of 


TWO-HANDLED HAMMOCKS, 


In Various Designs and all 
Qualities. 








SS yn 


JAMES LLOYD & CO.. 


HURST STREET, 
_ BIRMINGHAM. 


'PPSSSSSSSO SOS SISO SSS SO SOSO SOP OSOOSOOOOOSOOS: 


Write at once for 


NEW LIST FOR 1895, 


containing over 100 Patterns, including 
several 


CONVERTIBLE MAIL CARTS, 














Mr. W. F. KNIGHT, 
8a, CITY ROAD, E.C. 


ysis SEWING MACHINES| 





tw BOUDOIR, FAMILY USE, & MANUFACTURING purposes. 
sar Are the BEST and MOST COMPLETE MACHINES in the Market. 2 
MAKE A PERFECT LOCKSTITCH. WILL SEW FROM THE 
FINEST MUSLIN TO THE STOUTEST CLOTH. 
Are the mostSimple in Construction. The most Silent in Action. 
WOODWORK TASTEFULLY INLAID WITH MOSAIC. 


SEIDEL & NAUMANN, 
28, MOOR LANE, LONDON, EC. 


RELIABILITY | 


SUPERIOR FINISH! 
WARRANTED QUALITY! 


LATEST PATTERNS! 
SUPERIOR WORKMANSHIP! 
ELEGANCE & LOW PRICE! 
COMPETITION DEFIED! 
INSPECTION INVITED! 



































NAUMAWN’S FACTORY —s0\o00'Sewing tiachines 1000 asc" Buy no Machine without seeing the Trade Mark. 


SEIDEL & NAUMA 1S CYCLES were Exhibited at the National Cycle S’aow, Crystal Palace, and gained the Highest Notice of all Cycle Papers, | 
Wholes .e D>3partment :—Pianos, Musical Instruments, Musieal Albums, Etc., Etc. 
ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST AND FULL PARTICULARS FREE ON APPLICATION. 














s 


32 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Jan. 1, 1895." 























The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 


Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 


Patent Azgents,. 4,. South Street, 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 
21,129. J. A. A. Barfoot andJ. Johnson, for improvements in, or 
relating to, knitting machines. 


21,235. H. B. Murdoch, for improvements in perambulaters or 
mail carts. c 
21,322. W. P. Thompson, a communication from C. \A. Hill; of 


United States, for improvements in, or relating to, sewing machines. 

21,350. H. H. Lake, a communication from J. Millar, of United 
States, for improvements in knitting machines. 

21,354. H.H. Lake, a communication from J. H. Nason and H.« 
M. Hewes, of United States for an improved self-threading shuttle. 

21,361. A. M. Clark, a communication from The Kursheeat 
Manufacturing Company. of United States, for improvements in, or 
connected with, embroidering machines. : 

21,616. J. y. Johnson, a communication from the Deutsch 
Amerikanische Maschinen Gesellschaft, of Germany, for improve- 
ments in machines for sewing boots and shoes. 

21,639. W.F. Fair, for improvements in knitting machines. 

21,727. L.N.D. Williams and R. W. Scott, for improvements in 
automatic knitting machines. 

21,796. W. S. Dove, for imprcvements in shafts for mail carts, 
bassinettes, and the like. 

22,113. F. Brittain. for improvements in children’s mail carts and 
perambulators, and other like hand-propelle? vehicles. 
22,123. B. Willcox, a communication jrom H. 
Germany, for improvements in lock-stitch sewing machines. 

22,373- ) 
machines and the construction of same. 

22,423. C. Myers, for an additional seat to double perambulators. 

22,450. P. Bralley, for a sewing machine needle threader. 

22,526. F. Lee, Farncombe Institute, Godalming, Surrey, for im- 
provements in button-hole finishing machines. 

22,616. H. B. Murdoch, for improvements in mail carts or. peram- 
bulators. 

22,680. W.S. Dove, for improvements in mail carts, bassinettes, 
and the like. 


22,709. S. T. Fawcett, D. Simpson, and J. J. Simpson, for improve-. | 
ments connected with the handles or handle bars of children’s | 


Carriages. 

22,761. W. Bowden, for an improved machine for hem-stitching 
and open embroidery. 

22,849. H. Gregory and F. Smith, for improvements connected with 
stockings. 





COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Tron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Rassi- 
jettes, and Mail Cars. The newest designs 
and best werkmanship at Jow prices for 
= cash. 








Springmann, of 


G, F. Sturgess, Overdale Mere Road, Leicester, for knitting | 








SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 

18,678. Sewing Machines. TH. Moore, of Wellingborough. Dated 
October 5th, 1893. 

Relates to lock-stitch machines in which the hook carrying the loop 
round the bobbin or thread case is continuously rotated, the objects 
being to simplify the hook mechanism to render the point and throat 
of the hook readily renewable, to design the thread case and hook in 
such manner that the thread case is retained in the hook, and to hold 


| the thread case stationary in the hook from the back. so as to leave the 


front side perfectly open ; to shape the hook and thread case in ‘such 
manner that the loop is readily drawn off, and to simplify the feed 
motion. 

20,034. Perambulators. S. T. Fawcett, D. Simpson, and J. J. 
Simpson, all of Leeds. Dated October 24th, 1893. 

The vehicle has six'wheels. composed of a pair of main wheels on a 
fixed axle, situated beneath the centre of gravity of the vehicle, or 


j nearly so ;_2 pairvof wheels on a fixed axlein front and another’pair of 


wheels on a fixed axle behind the main central wheels, all so arranged 


| that the front and rear pairs of wheels are ata short distance from the 
| ground when the vehicle, or the frame carrying the axles; Is in a 
| horizontal position. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IsSUED AND DATED OCTOBER 16TH, 1894. 
527,407. A. AWW. Cochran, New. York, N.Y., knotter for sewing 


}) machines. 


$2 7.555. J. Tripp, New York, N.Y., shuttle actuating mechanism 
for sewing machines, 
527-674. U. Donner, Chemnitz, Germany, fransieering apparatus 


j for knitting machines. — 


IssSUED AND DATED OCTOBER 23RD, 1894. 


527,779. W. R. Dillmore, Philadelphia, Pa., knitting machine. 

527,915. S. HH. Wheeler, Chicago, Ill., needle-bar for sewing 
machines. 

527,934. J. Bradley, North Chelmsford, Mass., warp knilting 
machine. 





CG. WHALLEY & 60., 
is=aeeel((\)) © EAGLE IRON WORKS, 
y KEIGHLEY. 


Established 1849. 


MANUFACTURERS OF 
Washing, Wringing, and 
Mangling Machines. 


2 GOLD MEDALS AND 1 SILVER MEDAL * 
AWARDED SINCE 41898. 


NEW LIST ON APPLICATION. 











FOR PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LIstTs TO 


R.WOOD 





& SONS, 


WHOLESALE |RONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD,,. é 


who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Wheels a Speciality. 


Cast Toy Rubber Perambulator, Bath Chair, Barrow, Cart and Van Wheels, 


a large quantity always in stock. 


TIMEPIECES 16/6 PER DOZ. 





SPLENDID VALUE 


’ 





THE FLANAGAN Two-Reel Sewing Machines 


Work with Two Common Wood Reels of Thread. 


SIMPLE. 


NO REELS OR SPOOLS TO WIND. — 





~ LOCK 

















QUICK. 


STITCH 










































































LIGHT 











SEWING 

















RUNNING. 





MACHINE. 





HAND AND TREADLE MACHINES. 


Manufactured by THE FLANAGAN TWO-REEL SEWING MACHINE. COMPANY, Lr 


WELLFIELD WORKS, CLAYTON-LE-MOORS, LANCASH IRE. 





Dealers apply for Terms 













Jan, 1, 1895, _ and Sewing Machine Gazette. 33 


VARLEY & WOLFENDEN, Bi 
KEIGHLEY, ENGLAND, Gi 


SOLE 
MANUFACTURERS 
OF THE 


CYCLOPS 
= Lockstitch | 
=" Sewing Machines“ 














































































































































































































































































FOR 
Domestic 
and Manufacturing 
Purposes 
Also Manufacturer: 
of Wringing and 
Mangling Machines 








These Machines are 
made trom the Best 
Materials, and cannot 
be surpassed for excel- 
lency of finish and } 
durability. a\ 





SHIPPING ORDERS 
EXECUTED ON THE 


> a 2 
SHORTEST NOTICE. BRS i ee 








‘95 CATALOGUE IN COLOURS FREE ON ee INS I 
NEW PATTERNS. SPLENDIDLY ILLUSTRATED. 








HARFORD ST, 


( \ 
Do not Order until you ee es our Book. \ i 
You will be surprised. — 


























THE “ACME” ICE CREAM FREEZERS 


ARE THE BEST. 


J 





Illustrated Catalogue and Trade Prices on Application to the Sole Makers, 


“ACME” MACHINE COMPANY, 


Manufacturers of WASHING MACHINES, WRINGING MACHINES 
MANGLES, TUB STANDS, CARPET SWEEPERS, KNIFE and FORK 
CLEANERS, PERAMBULATORS, MAIL CARTS, &c., 


HENRIETTA STREET, GLASGOW. 


te 








TNO Be Peat ine LL We | eee 


34 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JAN. 1, 1895. 
f) SPECIALITIES. 


SACK, SAIL, 


JARPAULIN, & 
BELT SEWING MACHINES. 


OSCILLATOR, 
MEDIUM, 
FAMILY, & 

HAND Sewing Machines, 


KILTING, CASING, AND 
WRINGING MACHINERY. 


Liberal Terms to Dealers. 


ly Geum, ae 















































































































































































































































(ESTABLISHED 1867.) —_ f= 


SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS, 


BOJHWELL CIRCUS, GLASCOW. 


Branches— 


52, Reform St., DUNDEE, and 11a, Norfolk St.. MANCHESTER 
56, Aldermanbury, LONDON, E.C. 








































































































PRAM RUGS, GOAT SKIN. PRAM RUGS, GOAT SKIN | Hire Agreemant Forms for 


From 16s. per dozen. 


Perambulators on Easy Terms. 


White, Grey, Black or Brown Skins, mounted on different colour 
Cloths with pinked borders. 


Send 21s. for assorted sample dozen, and four sizes, 


SPECIAL TERMS TO FACTORS. SEWELE &- Co: 


WHOLESALE ONLY. 


HANDEL WHEATLEY, EVESHAM. 28, Paternoster Row, London. 


ee ORS HIRE AGREEMENT FORMS. 


General Patent Office. Fstablished 1830. | the best form compiled, used by most of the trade. — 


G. F, REDFERN & CO. Price 6d. per dozen, 3/9 per 100. 


4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBURY, 


ovisionar ene ee acl HIRE INSTRUMENT CATS: 


new Act, £3 3s. ; to complete the Patent for 4 years, : z 
47 7s. French ee ince Bet sears eS 48; | Strongly bound instalment cards with the hire 
Belgian Patent, £4; Imperial German Patent IO 10s. ; . 1 | 
United States Patent, neice all expenses for the whole | terms at the back. Price 1/- per dozen, 7/6 per 100. 
term, 417 10s. Circular of information as to the mode of | Dealer’s name and address printed if required: 
proceeding in applying for Letters Patent, cost of European extra charge, 2s. 
Patents generally, and also of Colonial Patents, forwarded 
upon application. Trade Marks and Designs registered in 
England and Abroad. [Telephone No. 169. 


REGISTERED TELEGRAPHIC ADDRESS :— “ INVENTION, London.” Sewell & Co., 28, Paternoster Row, London, Ef, 




















THE LATEST & BEST PRAI 


YET INVENTED IS THE 


“ECLIPSE PATENT,” 


Aud any Maker can be supplied with the Patented Parts. Write for prices and drawings. 


G. RR. PRiCHy, Perambulator Works, 


GOOCH STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 





Fes. 1, 1895. 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 





description 
and 
quality, 
to 
suit 
all 
Trades. 


ae 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 












gS THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR CO 


Tr 


he ee es 
Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 


List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 





London Agent — 


Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 
89, Holborn 


Viaduct, 
E.C. 





» Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAN.: 





The NEW ‘IDEAL KNITTER. 


INCREDIBLY : 
a 
SIMPLE, 


SPEEDY, AND 
PERFECT. 






Patent Automatic 
Cams and 
Latch Openers. 


int 





THE NEW PATENT “J” MACHINE, 


For Scotch Knickerbocker Hose, in Checks, etc. 


Various other New Features in 
Hand and Power Knitting Machines. 





S 
Testimonials from leading Houses—Home and Hxport. 





Illustrated Catalogue, Samples, &c., 


post free on application. 


(. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica St., Glasgow. Leicester Showrooms: 34a, HIGH CROSS ST. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—id. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 





ANTED, TO APPOINT AN AGENT in London 

and District, for the sale of Bassinettes, Mail Carts, Bath 

Chairs, &c. Salary and commission.—Apply by letter, Harrop, 
Manufacturer, 55, Tib Street, Manchester. 


ERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 

represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 

Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 
London, E.C. 








WANTED, by young man (24), SITUATION in 

Sewing Machine and Perambulator Department, one with good 
knowledge of the trade-—Apply A. Lingard, 144, Victoria Street, 
Grimsby. ‘ 





SEWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 


first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c,—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. 


A SPLENDID INVESTMENT FOR ENERGETIC 


MAN.—For Sale, old-established business in Bassinettes, 
Wringing and Sewing Machines, with a splendid connection in Liver- 
pool and suburbs ; large weekly takings, can be easily doubled; will 
be sold as a going concern (stock, goodwill, and hire accounts), at one- 
third its value, business float included; high-class cob and dogcart 
optional. Cash £400.—Address, ‘“ Bassinette,” c/o Messrs. Sewell & 





Co., 28, Paternoster Row, E.C. 





T°? BE SOLD Cheap, to clear Agents’ Stock, four 
High-arm Family Treadles ; best German make.—For particu- 
lars, write to A. B. T., 33, Deacon’s Office, Leadenhall Street, E.C. 


DOMESTIC MACHINERY BUSINESS (hire 

system), near Hammersmith, for disposal advantageously, owner 
having another business in country. Well-established connection ; 
commanding shop. Upper part of house could be let off to cover rent. 
Principals only treated.—Write, in first place, E.R., 25, Faraday Road, 
North Kensington, London, W. 


MECHANIC WANTED (one used to sewing 

machines).—Apply, by letter, stating experience and salary 
required, to the Singer Manufacturing Company, 53, Long Row West, 
Nottingham. 


MECHANIC, with practical knowledge of all kinds 
of Sewing Machines, Cycle Building and Repairing, &c., requires 
situation—Address A. Elliott, 145, Station Road, Ilkeston. 


Good TRAVELLER, on commission only, for 
London and South of England, to represent good Cycle and 
Sewing Machine Manufaciuring firm. een prices and liberal terms. 
Can join this line with other agencies. State experience, connection, 
references, &c., to No. $2, Sewing Machine Gazette Oftice—A Good 
Traveller also Wanted for the Midlands and Wales. 


eee 
ONTINENTAL TRAV ELLER.—Advertiser, speak- 
ing six languages, and acquainted with all the Continental 
sewing machine and cycle dealers, requires berth as traveller. Large 
experience.—Address, ‘‘ Continental,” Sewell & Co., 28, Paternoster 


Row, E.C. 




















(See page 32 for other advertisements.) 




















et a 


“ 


fHE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1S. per quarter, post free. which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—es. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariff on Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified by the twenty-fifth of each month. 

Contributicns.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for if so arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening cf new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertisements.—We request that readers, in replying to adyertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 


In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
‘* Editor,” at the address given below. é 

Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application, 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers, 

Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Local Papers.— Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest tothe trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a// our readers do likewise ? 

SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 

28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 

London, E.C. 

















INT SS ii 
MNS STIS 








Many of our readers will remember the 
Travellers formation of a mangle concern, under the 
and their : ; ¢ 
Employers. title of the North London Engineering 

Company, Limited, some two years ago, 
with a nominal capital of £5,000. The prime mover 
in this enterprise (the first of its kind in the South of 
England) was Mr. Holmes, who for some years travelled 
for “Young,” otherwise ‘ Parkside,’ Summerscales. 
It has for long been known in the trade that business did 
not progress so harmoniously with the North London 
Company as was necessary if the shareholders were to 
receive a return for their investment, and further, the 
quality of the mangles produced was notoriously below 
the average standard in force in the trade. But on the 
r7th of last month, in the Court of Queen’s Bench, 
before Mr. Justice Hawkins, the veil was somewhat lifted 
and an insight permitted into the relationship existing 
between the North London Company and its fonder, 
Mr, Holmes. 

In this action, which lasted a full day, Mr. Holmes 
claimed damages for slander against Mr. O’Dea, an 
accountant in the company’s service. No specific amount 
was claimed, but £500 was mentioned several times 
during the case as being a fair sum to award. The jury, 
however, without retiring, fixed the damages at £25, 
which will probably mean an actual loss to the plaintiff 
when all his costs and expenses have been paid. The 
defendant, on the other hand, will probably have to pay 
in costs not less than £175—or say £200 in all. Sothat 
the result, judged from a financial point of view, is by no 
means satisfactory to either of the parties. 

Now for the facts, as they are not a little instructive to 
both employers and their travellers. Mr. Holmes, as is 
well-known, has for some time past been acting as traveller 
for the North London Engineering Company, and among 
his duties was that of collecting accounts from his em- 
ployers’ customers, and giving details weekly on a form 
supplied for that purpose. It was alleged that in January 
and February, 1894, Holmes was paid £2 4s. and another 
sum which he did not enter in his report with the 
promptitude required by the orders of the company. 
The amounts in question he collected fram that veteran 
mangle dealer, Mr. J. Lawrence, of Holloway, and the 
cause of action arose in this wise: On April 7th, 18094, 
Mr. O'Dea, the accountant, and Mr. Findlay, the 
secretary, waited upon Mr. Lawrence, and asked to see 
the receipts for the money paid to Mr. Holmes. This wasat 
first refused, and then arose a discussion, and as to its exact 
terms Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence were in conflict with the 
representatives of the mangle company. They were 
really of the greatest importance, as upon them was 
founded the present action. Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence 
swore that Mr. O’Dea led them to suppose that Holmes 
had not paid to his employers all the money he had 
collected on their account, and that Lawrence was not 
the only dealer so treated, and O’Dea added, according 
to Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence, that unless the receipts were 
produced they would have to subpcenathem. I[t would 


12 fhe Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Fes, 1, 1895. 
Deanne enn |e 


appear that Mr. Holmes was told of this conversation, 
and, considering it a reflection on his honesty, entered 
the action for slander with the result before stated. It is 
only fair to add that both Mr. O’Dea and Mr. Findlay 
denied that they uttered the words imputed to them, and 
further that the plaintiff excused his action on the ground 
that it was understood that he could keep a little money 
in hand for expenses. The case, as we before said, lasted 
a whole day, and anything like a full report of it is 
impossible in our present issue. We think it wise, 
however, to give the substance of the judge’s address to 
the jury. 

In commencing his summing-up, Mr. Justice Hawkins 
said that the case for the defence was that the words 
uttered were not those as alleged, but were words 
imputing no villainy and no misconduct at all. The 
plaintiff had been in the employ of the North London 
Engineering Company, carrying on business at Waltham 
Cross, and he (the judge) wished he had taken his action 
to the Herts Assizes. The company at one time had in 
their employ a youthful secretary, who was entrusted 
with the care of the books, and he should think him not 
suited for the position. He was succeeded in February 
by a person named Findlay, who had been the object of 
a great deal of abuse, but he (the judge) could not per- 
ceive on what foundation. He was cross-examined at 
length, and questions were put to him: Will you swear 
this was said and that was said, and what was in your 
subpoena? A man could very well recollect the substance 
of a conversation, if not the precise words, which occurred 
nearly a year ago. What he says is what he holds to be 
true, unless you believe him to be a dishonest person. It 
so happens that the plaintiff Holmes was employed as 
a traveller, and in what he (the judge) was about to say 
he should not suggest that which counsel for the defence 
had not suggested—that he had been guilty of an act of 
criminality. If the jury required evidence that the 
character of the plaintiff had not in the slightest degree 
been tainted by anything like villainy it would be found 
in the fact that he is still retained in the service of the 
company, and is still working with Mr. O'Dea, the defen- 
dant, who is the accountant or auditor, Findlay being the 
secretary. [he company had nothing to do with this 
action. They have not nor could not be charged with 
slander. It is necessary to deal a little with the action, 
otherwise they could not understand the case. No man 
has a right to undermine another’s character without 
reason. If you make a mistake and do cast imputations 
on a person who has brought it upon himself by his own 
irregularity, even though not dishonest in intention, and 
the charge is not without foundation, a jury would have 
to bear this in mind. Ifthe man has not done all he ought 
he cannot expect the same damages asthough the slanderer 
were acting with malice and a desire to do mischief. 


Now, continued his lordship, let us see what has been 
said as to Holmes. He contessed that he had not been 
able to see, as was suggested, that O’Dea was to get some 
benefit for himself, nor could he see that there had been 
malice in what he had done. Neither could he see any 
reason for saying that O’Dea had done other than that 
which his duty required in going to Mr. Lawrence for the 
purpose of getting the receipt and in making use of such 
words as he says he used in asking for the receipt. It was 
not fair to suggest malicious feeling in what he did unless 
there was evidence to support it. 

It is said, You were a traveller, and your duty was to 
collect money for a company. Now, everybody knows it 
is his duty to pay over immediately when paid the money 
received. Inthe ordinary course of business a man would 
on returning hand over the money received to the 
cashier. He has noright to keep it in his pockets and to 
use it for a week or any period. Men make regulations 
for the conduct of their business, and the North London 
Engineering Company had regulations, one being that 
every Saturday the traveller made out a statement of the 
money received during the week. This his lordship con- 
sidered essential, and Mr. Holmes had lived long enough 
to know that it was necessary. He (Holmes) had the 
blank sheets given to him for his weekly returns, and he 
(his lordship) could find no particle of excuse whatever 
for his not fulfilling the obligation of duty cast on him, or 
for saying he had the right to keep back money received, 
on account. Ifthis were permitted persons might, if dis- 
honestly minded, think they could go further. 


, 


| 











Fes. 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. ui ff 13 





Mr. Lawrence, continued his Lordship, has been called 
before-the jury. He appears to be a decent and respect- 
able man, but cannot, therefore, necessarily be said to 
havea perfect memory. There is no complaint whatever 
against him. He had deait with the company, not largely, 
but had done business with them and held receipts for the 
money paid. On January 6th plaintiff calls and collects 
42 4s. from Mr. Lawrence, and on the following day the 
plaintiff fills up his weekly sheet of collections, 
but this amount is uot included. There is a place 
on the sheets for the date on which the payments are 
made, but, said his Lordship, these details were not filled 
in. He would say no more about it, and it might not be 
of a serious character, but it was irregular, and the dates 
should have been filled in. On February 3rd Mr. 
Lawrence pays plaintiff another small sum, which is not 
promptly entered in the cash sheet. On February roth 
only, the money having been received on January 26th, 
does the amount appear on the cash sheet, and by this 
time Mr. Lawrence has received two statements. Now 
this was a gross irregularity. The plaintiff says he kept 
it back for a strange reason, He says he wanted it for 
the expenses of the current and next week. This is a 
course which no one would be likely to sanction, and no 
proof was given that the company sanctioned this 
practice. 

It seemed to his Lordship that, when hard words are 
used against Mr. O’Dea, and a charge is preferred against 
him for the purpose of doing him an injury, it was neces- 
sary to point out exactly the character of the irregularity 
—it was a gross irregularity. What is done with regard to 
these things. There was a small debt of 9s. incurred on 
February 8th, and paid to the plaintiff on February 28th, 
but not given on the cash sheet until March toth. These 
sheets ought to represent the exact state of things, cash 
received and money paid out during each week, and this 
the plaintiff should have known. It is impossible for a 
business man not to know this, although the piaintiff 
might not have had any criminal intent. 

His Lordship went on to give another illustration, that 
of a payment by Mr. Cheal on January 19th, which did 
not figure in the cash sheet of the week, but only appears 
on January 27th, anda similar thing occurs in a trans- 
action with Mr. Snowdon. The last amount dealt with 
by his Lordship was a payment made by Mr. Cowtan, 
which was also treated in an irregular manner. 

His Lordship then expressed his regret that the 
plaintiff had made excuses on the ground that he had 
acknowledged to the boy cashier or secretary, who was 
clearly incapable of keeping the books, that he was hold- 
ing some of the money. ‘This, said the Judge, was very 
irregular, and it was much to be regretted that an 
inexperienced’ boy should come in contact with such 
irregularity, although there was no criminal intent. 

It cannot be said, continued his Lordship, that the 
inadvertent words used by the defendant were entirely 
without excuse or justification when one finds such 
irregularities as the above. Findlay comes into the 
company’s service, and then discovers these irregularities, 
and makes out the statements before he has the oppor- 
tunity of seeing the cash sheets. He finds an apparent 
debt due from Mr. Lawrence, and it is clear the trouble 
the latter gentleman is put to, although he made no 
complaint. Whenasked if he had paid, Mr. Lawrence 
says that he held receipts, and so before charging Holmes 
with anything they wait to see for themselves. His 
Lordship said that he could not conceive of anything 
more right and prudent for the directors of the company, 
when matters are told to them, to depute their 
accountant and secretary to look into the matter. Now, 
it is said on one side that they made use of an expression 
which is relied on, spoke of a subpcena if Mr. Lawrence 
did not hand over the receipt. If O’Dea merely said, 
‘““We want this in Court for a prosecution,’ his Lordship 


would agree it might be suggestive of a criminal prosecu- } 


tion, and that Holmes was guilty of criminality. But the 
other side denied that anything like this was said. Mr. 
Lawrence did not want to part with the receipts, and it 
was he, they said, who introduced the fact that 
he had once to go to a police-court and had caught a cold. 
Mr. O’Dea and Mr. Findlay, although challenged, said, 
‘“We went for the purpose of getting these receipts.”” Mrs. 
Lawrence was averse to parting with them for a prosecu- 
tion, and she mentioned a prosecution in which her 
husband was called as a witness. Findlay and O’Dea 


have stated that they said in reply, ‘ Weare not going to 
tell all about what is to be done, as it is in our directors’ 
hands. You need not trouble yourself about a prosecu- 
tion, as we do not think there is a thought of such a 
thing.” Both these witnesses said they never said a word 
about prosecution. If the company had obtained a 
summons before a magistrate, continued the judge, he 
could understand O’Dea making the alleged remarks to 
the magistrate, but there never was a summons taken out 
or hinted at, nor an intention to take one out. Mr, 
Holmes gave the explanation to his directors, and was 
allowed to remain. They would have dismissed him if 
not satisfied with his explanation. It is one thing to for- 
give an irregularity. Jt is one thing to desire to act 
harshly, as such irregularity would have justified. It is 
another to be told to go out travelling, and do what you 
can for us. He is going on and doing it now, and but for 
the stir made by the plaintiff no one would have known 
what had taken place in reference to these irregularities, 
but ifa man will talk about it to others it is his own 
fault. In this case Holmes’ character has not been taken 
from him, nor has he lost one farthing of his salary or a 
moment’s employment. He remains in the service of his 
company. 

In concluding his remarks, Mr. Justice Hawkins said 
that if they thought Mr. Lawrence had made a mistake, 
and that O’Dea and Findlay had not imputed criminal 
misconduct, then the jury must find for the defendant. If 
they were in favour of the plaintiff, then came the question 
of damages. Holmes, said the judge, had not shown that 
any one had reproached him fora loss of character. The 
best answer as to character he could have would be to say, 
Ask my masters. As to the amount of the damages, one 
cannot help looking at the irregularities which have 
brought about the trouble. This isa disagreeable affair 
for everybody, and would not have arisen except for the 
irregularities. 

The foregoing is a careful summary of the judge’s re- 
marks to thejury, condensed from a verbatim report, and 
we forbear further comment on the case except to repeat 
that the jury found for the plaintiff, awarding £25 as 
damages, to the surprise of most in the Court, including, 
we believe, the judge himself. 




















AN INCIDENT IN INVENTION. 


By Cuartes H, Peacuey (Stafford). 


Having dwelt in my two previous articles on the mis- 
takes that are made in the sewing machine trade, I will 
now deal with the Singer button-nole machine. For 
years wholesale salesmen had found that handling the 
above has been a work of no ordinary mechanic’s skill 
and difficulty. I have sold many of these machines, 
and, indeed, had my practical knowledge put to some 
severe tests, but never before to such an extent as on 
December 18th, 1890, at Hebden Bridge, Yorkshire. It 
was a cold winter’s night, and I felt the sting of the 
weather, coupled with the repulse that I received at one 
of the largest of fustian clothing manufacturers that I 
called upon in solicitation for orders for the Singer 
button-hole machine. After presenting my card as 
usual, I, in due course, had my turn in conversation 
with the principal of the firm. I, of course, had every 
facility given me at the hands of that gentleman, and, as 
usual, I wished to put down another of these machines, 
and here is an illustration of what followed. He,ina 
genial reply, said, ‘‘ No, sir, thanks ; we are already run- 
ning seven of your machines, those making only the hole, 
but at present I do not see my way clear to put down 
more unless you can produce me a machine that will 
make the hole and bar, or finish it off at the same opera- 
tion.” Thinking I had made a mark I said, ‘‘Sir, we 
can do that, and have done so for some time.’ ‘‘ Yes,” 
replied the manufacturer, “but I mean you to under- 
stand me correctly. I am aware you can bar the holes, as 
you say, but it’s here where the expense and mistake 
































14 





comes in. Here, sir,” said the manufacturer, ‘‘is a 


navvy’s cord jacket with 1 in. holes; these are navvy’s 
trousers with # in. holes, and here is a waistcoat with 
tin. holes, and here are boys’ cord suits with various 
sized holes, and when you supply a new machine you 
give a single clamp.” ‘ Granted,’’ I replied. Then he 
went on to say, ‘‘ You see, if I am to have a separate 
machine for barring every sized hole, look at the cost,” 
and to all who know this machine the answer is 
easily arrived at. 

After further conversation with my friend the manu- 
facturer I was compelled to withdraw, being almost sick- 
hearted. I subsequently again saw my friend, who 
wished to know how I had succeeded. I told him I 
thought I could overcome the difficulty by making one 
clamp almost do the work of seven clamps, and would 
give him the details in the morning. That evening at 
home I set to work, and in a short time I saw how to 
overcome the difficulty. I presented myself in the morn- 
ing at the depot of my employers full of courage and 
cheerfulness, with the remark, “I can manage what is 
required ofa single clamp,’ asking, of course, that the 
manager would listen to the details, and also examine 
my plan, and treat same as confidential. 

When he saw my idea the manager at once admitted 
it was a success. To describe it shortly, the plate of the 
clamp required recessing, and, having no means or tools 
for the job, I suggested that I should take a clamp to 
pieces, and get the plate recessed. I did so, but, after 
visiting the engineers for the purpose of giving instruc- 
tions, I was told that the plate was hardened, and that it 
would, of course, require annealing. The engineers 
wrote me to my private residence that to re-harden it 
might injure its shape, but this, I said, was of no import- 
ance. After receiving the plate I made the required 
parts, and tried three different sized holes, with the result 
that the thing was as I anticipated. I locked up the clamp 
in my drawer from the first week in January, 1891, until 
June in the same year. 

Now, please note that the new button-hole machine 
arriving up to June had no signs of any such improve- 
ment, but every sized hole required a different clamp. 
In June, as before stated, something rather unpleasant 
occurred, and our district manager came over during my 
absence, and our local manager informed him of my 
invention. When I 1eturned the district manager said, 
“Mr. Peachey, our Mr. So-and-so tells me you have a 
decided improvement on our clamp,” and, it being their 
property, he at once requested to seeit. I was, of course, 
opliged to produce the thing, and in the twinkling of an 
eye he saw the value, putting it into his overcoat pocket, 
saying, ‘If it’s of any value you shall be rewarded.” In 

about a month from this date all the button-hole machines 

with the taper-barring came with my alteration, with this 
slight difference, that I used only one set-screw in each 
adjustable plate, but two were now used. 

I might add that my single clamp, which did the work 
of no less than seven clamps, only cost 5s. to make. 


COLLECTOR'S CLAIM AGAINST HIS 
EMPLOYERS. 

On Wednesday, the 9th ult., at the County Court, 
holden at Redhill, before his Honour Judge Martineau, 
William Mason, a collector-salesman, lately in the employ 
of the Singer Manufacturing Company, sued them for 
ine following moneys which were alleged to be due to 

hag) —— 








Paiste 
One week’s salary ie ye O60 o10 6 
Expenses .. + oe . oe O15 © 
Commission on order ne Over 6) 
of on collections 4 O 8° o 
One week’s salary in lieu of notice oe ONTO a0) 
Guarantee Fund, as per book ., a ee OMOln: 
Interest .. 00 dc a0 oo Oi © 
HA by} 

Less amount collected by the plaintiff on behalf 
of the defendants ae ot 0 36) the BG 
410 16 9g 


The defendants having previously offered the guarantee 
fund to the plaintiff paid same into Court,’ less the amount 
they alleged plaintiff had misappropriated, and the case 
was fought on the other items. Mr. T. Bacon Phillips, 
solicitor, appeared for the plaintiff; Mr. Gilbert D. 
Wansbrough, the company’s solicitor, represented the 
defendants, 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Mr. Phillips, in opening the case, stated that the 
plaintiff was lately a traveller in the defendant company's 
employ at East Grinstead, under agreement, and that 
until July 16th, 1894, the plaintiff had worked satis- 
factorily for them. At about this date the plaintiff 
became ill and was away from the office, and that when 
the plaintiff next saw his superintendent, the superinten- 
dent discharged him without giving any reason. 

His Honour here interposed that in 99 cases out of 
roo he never believed that a servant was discharged 
without a reason and the servant knowing that reason. 

Mr. Phillips then proceeded to examine the plaintiff, 
and his evidence was on the lines of his solicitor’s 
Opening. In cross-examination plaintiff denied that he 
was discharged for, amongst other irregularities, drunken- 
ness and not accounting for money. 

Mr. Wansbrough called Edward Allingham, who was 
formerly superintendent in the defendant company’s 
employ at East Grinstead, who said he was super- 
intendent over the plaintiff, and that plaintiffs duties 
were to collect moneys in the East Grinstead district, and 
pay them into the East Grinstead office of the defendants 
the next day; that on July 16th, 1894, Mason, the 
plaintiff, did not turn up in the ordinary way, and was 
away for a week, collecting moneys from customers in 
the meantime. Further, that when the witness saw him 
at East Grinstead the plaintiff was recovering from the 
effects of heavy drinking, and he then admitted having 
collected moneys and misappropriating them to the 
extent of £1 5s. 6d., and witness at once discharged the 
plaintiff, and told him that he had rendered himself 
liable to prosecution. 

Miss Lizzie Lang was called to prove that the plaintiff 


_had never paid to her the moneys collected by him on 


July 16th and 17th as he should have done. 

His Honour then gave judgment for the defendants, 
and in the course of his remarks, said the case had turned 
out as he fully anticipated ; the plaintiff had been dis- 
charged for good and sufficient reason, he having got 
drunk and collected money and not paid it in as he should 
have done, and under these circumstances the defendants 
had a right to summarily dismiss the plaintiff, and the 
judgment would consequently be for defendants with 
costs. 


THE POLICE AND THE SEIZED SEWING 
MACHINE. 

At the Witham Petty Sessions, on January 15th, be- 
fore General Howard-Vyse (in the chair) and Mr. J. H. 
Salter, the Chief-Constable of: Essex (Capt. Showers) 
informed the Bench that he had received a letter from a 
Mrs. Arthur Smith, of Kelvedon, with reference to a 
sewing machine which, in October last, she entrusted to a 
man named George Kelly, who represented himself to be 
an agent of the Singer Manufacturing Company, to dis- 
pose of for her. It appeared thatthe man sold the machine 
to a Mr, Saunders, of Maldon, for £2, but the money 
never reached Mrs. Smith. The police were communi- 
cated with in the meantime, and seized the machine, and 
have it still in their possession. Mrs. Smith, who was a 
sempstress, wanted this machine for her daily occupation, 
but the police were unwilling to give it up without the 
consent of the Bench, as they held a warrant for the ap- 
prehension of the man, and if the machine were lost or 
destroyed, the police, of course, could not produce it, and 
the case would fail—_The Chairman said they could give 
no opinion in the matter ; and Mr. Salter suggested that 
acontribution should be started to purchase a machine 
for the poor woman. 


THE UNFAIR TRADING QUESTION. 

The editor of the Chicago Sewing Machine Advance, 
after reproducing from our columns the report of the 
meeting of the sewing machine trade held in London to 
consider the question of unfair trading, makes the 
following observations :— 

“Once upon a time the same trouble that now excites 
the disapproval of our British brethren sorely beset the 
retail trade in this city. It is termed here ‘ breaking 
sales.’ There had been an association of the principal 
retailing concerns of the city, and one of the principal 
reforms effected by the association was in this same line 
of breaking sales. The association finally went to pieces, 
and one of its ex-members was soon strongly complained 
of for permitting his employes to again resort to this 


pi: me | 








+s 


Fes. 1, 1898. 
miserable method of doing business. He denied as 
strongly, however, that he countenanced it, and was 
always apparently willing to co-operate with the other 
members of the trade in eliminating this feature of the 
business from the city trade. The fact remained, though, 
that some of his men continued to practice it, and at 
length, after patience had been exhausted, the other con- 
cerns determined to give this dealer an object lesson. 
Accordingly one certain week, waggon after waggon of 
his-different competitors began to drive up to his store 
and unload his machines, which, they would blandly 
inform him, had been returned to him by Mrs. So and 
So, and Mrs. Such and Such, and the climax arrived at 
the end of the week, when an immense two-horse 
waggon belonging to the wholesale shipping department 
‘of one of his competitors arrived, loaded high with his 
machines that had been gathered in during the week. 
He couldn’t stand the pressure, and begged for mercy, 
and thenceforth the evil was abated.” 








ACTION AGAINST SEWING MACHINE 
COMPANY FOR RETURN OF MACHINE. 


At the Sheffield County Court yesterday an action was heard by his 
Honour Judge Ellison of much interest to sewing machine makers, 
their agents, and their customers. The plaintiff was Miss Sarah Jane 
Parkin, of Nether Slack, Penistone Road, and the defendants were the 
Singer Manufacturing Company, of 37, Fargate, in this city. The 
plaintiff claimed from the defendants the specific delivery of a sewing 
machine, her property, which for the purposes of the action was valued 
at £8 ; and also the return of £2 2s, paid by her to their representa- 
tive, John Muirhead, on October 12th, 1894, such sewing machine and 
money having been obtained from her by false representations and 
deceit. The defendant company set up a counter-claim, of which the 
following are the particulars :—To sewing machine, £15 15s.; less for 
old machine as agreed, £1 Ios.; received on account, £2 2s.; balance 
due to defendants, £12 3s.—Mr. A. M, Wilson appeared for the plain- 
tiff, and Mr. Warren (Messrs. Ford and Warren, Leeds) for the 
company. 

Mr. Wilson, in opening, said if there ever wasa bad, dishonest 
action on the part of any one it was disclosed by the facts of this case. 
His client, Miss Parkin, lived in Penistone Road, and John Muirhead, 
who was in the service of the defendant company, rented a house of 
her. On the 12th October last he called upon her and noticed a sewing 
machine in her room. He remarked, ‘‘ This is a Singer machine. 
Singer’s are giving one away for the oldest machine of anybody’s 
make. You practically have the prize in your hands.” She replied, 
“ What does all thismean?” He said, “IfI take your machine and 
it is the oldest machine exhibited you will get the prize of a new 
machine.” She told Muirhead she was satisfied with the machine she 
had. He still pressed her to allow him to take the machine, saying 
he had another machine outside in his cart which he would leave with 
her whilst the old one was exhibited. At the same time he said she 
would be required to deposit £2 2s., so that if any damage was done 
to his machine he could recoup himself. He hoped she would con- 
sent to exhibit her sewing machine, as he would get 45, and she 
would win the prize of a new machine and have her own back into 
the bargain. This conversation took place in the presence 
of two witnesses. Now it turned out that the whole state- 
ment of Muirhead was a fabrication, and that there was no exhi- 
bition of any kind whatever. Muirhead had the impudence to say 
that Miss Parkin bought the new machine, that she paid £2 2s. on 
account, and must pay the balance. He was sorry to say that this 
was only one of a number of cases. 

Mr. Warren : I object to this. My friend has no right to make a 
statement of this kind. It is evidently made for a purpose. 

His Honour: His statement is not evidence. 

Mr. Warren: Only the reporters are taking note of it, 

Mr. Wilson: I hope they will. 

His Honour: You are not dealing with a case before a jury. 

Mr. Wilson: It will have no effect on his Honour’s mind. 

Mr. Warren: Only I can see why the statement is made. 

Mr. Wilson, proceeding, said when the plaintiff made inquiries she 
found she had been deceived. She then went to the offices of the 
company in Fargate, and the manager toid her that her machine had 
been broken up. It had never been exhibited, and was never intended 
to be. Miss Parkin consulted him, and he wrote to the company 
requiring the return of her machine and the payment of the two 
guineas, In reply they wrote: ‘‘If Miss Parkin feels aggrieved we 
shall be pleased to return her an old machine and the £2 2s. paid by 
her.” They further said they could not return her own machine, as 
it had been broken up. He did not believe the machine had been 
broken up, neither did his client. 

Mr. Warren : I can prove it has been. 

Mr. Wilson repeated that he did not believe it, and he pressed for 
an order for the specific delivery of the machine and the return of 
the £2 2s. 

The plaintiff was then called, and bore out this statement. She 
allowed Muirhead to take her machine, which he said was to be 
exhibited at Kilbowie, Scotland, and afterwards in their window in Far- 
gate. The machine Muirhead left was to be the prize if her machine 
won, and she did not agree to buy it for £15 15s. She was afterwards 
told by friends that if her machine did not win the prize she would 
have to keep the new one, but Muirhead assured her that such was not 
the case, that she ran no risk whatever. 

In answer to Mr. Warren, the plaintiff said she bought her machine 
nineteen years ago, when she paid 4$ 8s. for it. She had only used 
it occasionally. She did not agree to buy the new machine, but she 
paid £2 2s. onaccount, and an instalment of 3s. per week up to 
Christmas, She did not tell Muirhead that she then expected money 
out of which she would pay the balance. The manager explained to 





- and Sewing Machine Gazette. ist 





her the terms of the exhibition, and she expressed her satisfaction 
with them. 

Mr. Warren said it was absolutely impossible for the company to 
return plaintiff's machine, but if there had been a misunderstanding 
they were perfectly willing to give her a machine of the same value as 
her old one, and also the two guineas they received. They did not 
desire to take advantage of a misunderstanding, although Mr. Wilson 
had talked rather roughly about a company who had carried on business 
satisfactorily for many years. 

His Honour: It is rather an extraordinary case. 

Mr. Warren said the question was, what compensation was the plain- 
tiff to have for the machine which was taken from her under an entire 
RUE GES WA her two guineas and her solicitor’s costs as 
well? 

His Honour: But you have filed a counter-claim. 

Mr. Warren: We must have the machine back. Continuing to 
address his Honour, Mr. Warren said that the terms of the competition 
which the Singer Machine Company started were these: ‘“ Ascertain 
the oldest machine in a particular town, never mind who the maker is, 
and when you have ascertained the oldest machine, which you will 
have a period of three months to do, advertise the result in two papers 
in the district.” In accordance with these terms this agent went to the 
plaintiff and received from her a machine which she said was 19 years 
old. They allowed her credit for that to the extent of 30s. She 
then, as the defendant company said, bought a new machine out and 
out, and paid two guineas on account. If the result of the competi- 
tion had been that she got a prize for the oldest machine, they wouid 
have given her back her two guineas, and she would have kept the 
fifteen-guinea machine. If that were carried out there could be no 
injustice done ; the company would not take advantage of anybody as 
it was said they had in this case. Assuming that the canvasser took 
advantage of the plaintiff, the company would have nothing to do with 
that, and if there was a misunderstanding the company would not bind 
her to the transaction. They would give her a machine equal, or 
superior, to her own. 

His Honour: As far as the company is concerned that is about 
right. 

Nie Ween If Muirhead has done wrong the company cannot help 
that. 

His Honour: A principal is only responsible for what his agent does 
under his authority. Canvassers were carried away very often by their 
own objects and by their desire to get orders, and that probably might 
be in this case to a certain extent. But it was quite clear from the 
evidence that it was a very confused story. 

Mr, Wilson said he could only accept a warrant of delivery, and Mr. 
Warren not agreeing to this course the case was proceeded with. 

Mr. Warrer called the local manager for the company to prove the 
value of the machine taken away, and to give particulars of the com- 
petition; and, in cross-examination by Mr. Wilson, the witness 
denied that it was all a trick to get people to take the company’s 
machines. 

His Honour said it was quite clear that the plaintiff did not under- 
stand the transaction with Muirhead; but beyond that there was 
the question of the character of Muirhead. It the defence did not call 
him, he (his Honour) would be bound to believe the statement of the 
plaintiff so far as it was credible. He admitted that her evidence was 
confused ; she might have understood something that Muirhead did 
not say, but if Muirhead was not called it would be open to very 
serious animadyersion and must impress his mind with a great doubt 
as to whether the man had been honest in this transaction. Muir- 
head might have had a dishonest purpose; but he did ‘not think the 
company had. However, Mr. Warren must take his own course 
about calling Muirhead. 

Mr. Warren: I don’t propose to call Muirhead, because he says 
there was an out-and-out sale, and I have my doubts. 

His Honour: As the evidence stands there was not, and the 
counter-claim falls to the ground. The plaintiff is entitled to have a 
warrant of delivery. 5 

Mr. Wilson: I ask for it. 

His Honour: You may have it, and you will be entitled to have 
your damages should the warrant turn out to be futile. There will be 
a verdict for the defendant on the counter-claim. 

Mr. Warren: I ask for the fifteen-guinea machine to be delivered 
up under my counter-claim. : , . 

His Honour: You will get it, of course. I have nothing to do with 
it. I say there was no sale, and no agreement to buy the machine. 
If you have put it into the plaintiffs possession under doubtful circum- 
stances, you must get it out, that is all. , 

Mr. Wilson advised the plaintiff not to give up the machine,— 
Sheffield Independent, January 11th, 1895. 








A CANVASSER ON“ TURNING OUT.” 

TO THE EDITOR OF “! THE SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.” 

Sir,—As an old reader of your journal, I noticed in 
this month’s number an interview with Mr. Wans- 
brough, where you refer to the growing scandal of depre- 
ciating another firms’ goods, or what is commonly known 
as the “ Turning out system.” 

I myself, speaking as an old canvasser, wish that all other 
firms could make a similar reply to Mr. Wansbrough, 
and be able to confirm the same. I do think the time has 
come when we should as a body use our utmost endeavours 
to stop such paltry and mean practices, as it is not only 
the employer who suffers in such cases, but the canvasser, 
and when he comes to reckon the loss occasioned by these 
evildoers at the end of the year, the canvasser discovers it 
to be a very serious item ; it is not the returning of com- 
mission on such orders alone, but the extra time and 
expense he is put to in seeing his customer the second 
time, for in many instances he may be twenty miles or 


























16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





more away before he is made aware of the fact that an 
enemy has appeared in his camp. { 

As an illustration of my remarks, only a short,time ago, 
while working a town within 100 miles from London, I 
made two sales in one house, one of the customers at the 
time paying a deposit. Within a week, and while a 
another town fifty miles nearer London, I was notified by 
my firm that these customers had returned their goods 
to the firm stating that (on good authority) they 
were merely rubbish, and not of the value charged 
them, I then (as you will see) at a great expense and 
loss of time (which is a very important item to a canvasser) 
went down and saw these customers, and was very much 
surprised to see a rival firm’s machines already with 
them, and to learn that the individual (Icannot say man, 
as it was not the action of a man) had done all he could 
to poison their minds against having my firm’s goods, 
actually saying they were useless and rubbish, and that 
we were rogues to sell them such trash, and finally suc- 
ceeded in inducing my customers to allow him to pack 
up my machines, and getting each of the persons to write 
the letters in question, which he took away to post, 
together with the machines, and returned by passenger 
train to London, carriage forward. Each customer 
assured me that until the said person (who, by the way, 
is a manager of agents) called upon them, and made the 
statements complained of, they were satisfied and pleased 
with my machines, and but for his falsehoods would have 
kept and paid for same. 

I therefore asked to be allowed to replace my goods, 
and did so. I then determined to see this manager, and 
called upon him, telling him who I was, and what I had 
called for, viz., an explanation of his strange conduct. At 
first he was inclined to bully me, but finding this was no 


good he asked me to leave his shop, which I did, after | 


telling him that I knew what he had done and how he 
had done it. About two hours after this interview, when 
passing his shop on my way to the station, the said 
manager was standing at his shop door, and he 
called me back, asked me to step in and take a 
seat, apologising for his previous abruptness, stating 
that he had done nothing unusual, and furthermore 
informed me that he had done, and should continue, to do 
the same with azy other firm’s goods sold in his town or 
district, naming several firm’s whose orders he had 
treated in similar manner, and he asked me if I knew of 
any arrangement between his firm and mine that they 
should not interfere with each other’s business. 

_ In future I mean to look into the cause of any and 
every return, and feel certain that if every canvasser will 
do likewise we shall soon arrive at a more honourable 
state of things, and turning out would for ever cease. 

In conclusion I would ask your readers why I should 
be put to this trouble and expense through no fault of 
either the goods, my firm, or myself. 

Apologising for thus far troubling you, 

I arm, dear sir, 


Jan. 25, 1895. An Op CANVASSER. 








ASSASSINATION OF A MACHINE 
MERCHANT. 


Weregret to have to record the death under tragic 
circumstances of Mr. Max Nothmann, brother of the 
well-known Berlin sewing machine manufacturer. The 
deceased was about 58 years of age, and was one of the 
leading merchants in Brazil, and far and away the 
largest importer of sewing machines in the whole of 
South America. His principal office was in Rio, and 
on the day which was destined to be his last, he left 
his home, situated in a suburb of Rio, at 8.30 a.m., in- 
tending to take a car to his business. Suddenly a man, 
who was evidently waiting for the purpose, rushed up to 
Mr. Nothmann and handed him a card, which he began 
reading as he walked away. This man, who was after 
wards identified as a fellow German named Gustay 
Reinhard, followed Mr. Nothmann a short distance, and 
the latter said a few words, whereupon Reinhard pulled a 
revolver out of his pocket and fired three shots at Mr. 
Nothmann, one in the left side and the others in the 
head, which resulted in instantaneous death. Without 
a moment’s hesitation the assassin then fired the revolver 
at his own head and fell across the corpse of his victim, 
death ensuing some two hours later, 





It has since transpired that Reinhard was at one time 
employed as clerk in Nothmann’s office in Buenos Ayres, 
and that of late he had worried his old employer for 
money. 

Many of our readers will recall the fact that the 
deceased merchant was engaged in litigation with the 
Singer Manufacturing Company over trade name 
matters for a considerable period, as reported in our 
columns from time to time. 

Through the kindness of Mr, Rausnitz, of 184, Alders 
gate Street, E.C., the British wholesale agent for Noth- 
mann’s sewing machines, weare able to give a few details 
as to Mr. Max Nothmann’s early history. He came over 
to this country shortly after he was ‘‘out of his teens” 
and obtained employment in an engineer’s shop in Old- 
ham, where he worked for some time. About twenty- 
five years ago he determined to seek his forture in Brazil, 
where he landed without friends or capital. By dint of 
much ingenuity and industry he at length worked up a 
business Of gigantic proportions, and at the time of the 
tragedy which cut short his career he was reputed tobe 
one of the wealthiest merchants in Brazil. He imported, 
as we have before stated, a large number of sewing 
machines, mostly, be it said, the ‘‘ Nothmann,” which he 
obtained from his brother’s factory in Berlin, but his 
imports included numerous other articles. Mr. Noth. 
mann leaves behind him a wife, a Brazilian, and four 
children, and we understand that the business will be 
continued under the supervision of executors. 


PERAMBULATOR MAKER'S BANKRUPTCY. 
EXTRAORDINARY WASTE OF ASSBTS. 


One of the creditors in the bankruptcy of Frederick 
Hayward Williamson (trading as Williamson & Co.), 
baby carriage manufacturers, Banbury, has sent us an 
official statement of the manner in which the estate has 
been realised, and we think our readers will agree with 
him that it is nothing short of scandalous that such a 
state of things should exist in this country. 

The Receiving Order was made on January 15th, 1894, 
and the liabilities were stated at £168 1s. 3d., and the 
assets were estimated by the debtor to produce 
£460 9s. 6d., as follows :— 

Cash estimated at £2 


Stock-in-trade do. £200 
Machinery do. £10 


produced £2 0 0 
dos 4l20n Oo) 
included in the above 


090 
09°90 


amount. 
Trade Fixtures do. £50 0 oO produced nil. 
Goodwill do. £100 0 oO do. nil. 
Book Debts do. £98 9 6 do. 46 8 o 


The actual amount realised was £136 6s., and any 
creditor might reasonably have expected a dividend. 
Let us see what was done with thismoney. No less than 
£60 17S. was spent in rent, costs of distress, and rates, 
leaving a balance of £75 9s., still sufficient to pay 
eleven shillings in the pound. Yet not a single farthing 
has or will be paid to the creditors, and not only has the 
whole of this sum gone in expenses, but the trustee has 
not received any remuneration! Here is the way the 
money has been frittered away—we do not say that this 
is the fault of the trustee, but, so far as the creditors are 
concerned, not a single farthing of the large sum given 
hereunder in detail has been spent in the interests of the 
persons who really owned the assets, viz., the creditors. 
The Board of Trade and Court Fees were £20 18s. 6d. 
Then there were “ law costs on petition,” £9 5s. 8d., and 
“other law costs,” £4 18s. rod., or a total of £14 4s. 6d. 
for law costs. The notice in the London Gazette and 
local papers cost £1 19s., and the shorthand writer’s 
charges, £4 19s. 8d. The valuer’s fee was £2 12s. 6d,, 
and some one or other “assisted” the debtor, for which 
he got one guinea, and the debtor was ‘‘allowed” £2. 
The “incidental expenses”? came to £22 19s. 2d., as 
follows :—Printing and advertising re sale of stock, 
£7 18s. 6d.; travelling expenses of Official Receiver, 
r6s., and of trustee, £8 13s. 6d.; the premium on the 
trustee’s guarantee bond came to £2, and the list closes 
with “ postages, £1 6s. 6d.; stationery, £1 1s.; and 
insurance, telegrams, and parcels, £1 3s. 8d.” Thus the 
trustee, having received on behalf of the creditors no less 
a sum than £136 6s., had spent all of same as detailed 
above except £4 14s. 8d., which he has retained in hand 
“to cover fees on release, printing, and other closing 
charges.”’ 





¢ 


Fes. 1, 1895. 


The absurdity of the law which permits the above to 
take place is only fully realised when one reflects that 
Mr. Williamson has had his business, with substantial 
assets, broken up without a farthing’s-worth of benefit to 
his creditors, who might just as well “have given him 
receipts in full for the amount of their debts, and have 
allowed him to go on trading. As it is, the machinery of 
the law merely disposed of £200 of stock for £120, col- 
lected a few debts, and made a charge for its ‘‘ good 
offices” of no less than £75 9s., which, added to the 
£60 17s. for rent, disposes of the full sum realised. 

We forbear commenting on any of the items which go 
to make up the £75 9s., as obviously not one of them 
was really incurred in the interest of the creditors. It is 
surely quite time that the bankruptcy law was altered so 
as to prevent such scandals as this in the future. 

We follow on with the report of the trustee of this 


estate :— 


“The Bankrupt’s Statement of Affairs turned out 
wholly unreliable. He appears to have valued the Assets 
on the footing of a going concern which, under the cir- 
cumstances of this case, was quite unjustifiable. The 
Stock was composed for the most part of unfinished 
goods, and I had the greatest difficulty in disposing of it. 

’ After vainly advertising and offering it for sale by tender 
I eventually sold the lot by private treaty for £120—or 
rather more than half the amount estimated by the 
Debtor. An Auction Sale would, I was advised, have 
realised much less. The Trade Fixtures and Fittings 
turned out to be the property of the Landlord. The 
Goodwill was, of course, valueless. : 

‘©The Book Debts, to which I gave considerable atten- 
tion, were in most cases either not due or quite irre- 
coverable. Credit must have been very recklessly given, 
as I caused personal applications to be made for payment 
of the larger sums (where no replies could be obtained by 
letier), and it was generally found that the Debtors had 
either been sold up or were gone. 

“Every effort was made to realise the Assets to the 
best advantage, and I do not remember ever being 
concerned in a winding up which terminated so un- 
satisfactorily. 

“Tt will be observed that not only do the Creditors get 
nothing, but the Trustee is also in the same unfortunate 
position. 

“Creditors can obtain any further information by 
inquiry at the Office of the Trustee.” 








THE IMPORTATION OF PRISON-MADE 
GOODS FROM ABROAD. 


Our readers may remember that in our issue for April 
last we called attention to a sensational article in a new con- 
temporary, the Hardwareman, on the subject of German 
prison-made goods. Among the articles which our con- 
temporary stated were being made in German prisons were 
sewing machine covers ‘made in any quantity.” From 
cur knowledge of the{trade, we felt compelled to deny 
that the German sewing machine manufacturers 
considered that the prisons were in any degree competi- 
tors with the honest workers. 

Since our last article, an inquiry has been made by our 
own Government, with the result that it has been elicited 
that only 16,899 prisoners are employed in prison-labour 
throughout the whole of the German empire, and the 
total production of these persons cannot surely be 
considered as any serious factor on the question of 
German competition with the British manufacturer. We 
think it fair, however, since we have taken our contem- 
porary to task for its sensational article, that we should 
now give it a chance to justify its position. We there- 
fore follow on with an article which appears in its issue 
of the rgth ult., which has been sent to us, we believe, for 
this purpose :— 

In the issue of the Hardwareman of March 3rd, 1894, we devoted 
several pages to the publication of the Report cf our Special Com- 
missioner whom we had instructed to proceed to Germany and inquire 
into the manufacture of goods by prison-labour and their subsequent 
exportation to this country. Qur belief in the necessity of such an 
inquiry was proved to be only too well founded by the startling nature 
of the facts which our representative's efforts enabled us to publish 

under the significant title of ‘‘ Made in German Gaols,.” The interest 
which was then aroused by our exposure of the evils of the system of 
hiring out prison-labour was both instantaneous and universal, and, we 
are pleased to add, was not unproductive of beneficial results. During 





end Sewing Machine Gazette 17 


the weeks immediately following the publication of the report we were 
overwhelmed with communications from every part of the United 
Kingdom, showing how sudden had been the awakening of the manu- 
facturing world to the true facts of the case, and how vital it was in 
the interests of British industry that some protective measure 
should be adopted. The discussion of the matter, however, was not 
confined to industrial circles, the question was one of importance to 
the nation at large, and as such demanded the attention of the House 
of Commons. Thanks to the promptness of Mr. Field, M-P., to tae 
energetic championship of Colonel Howard Vincent, M.P., and to the 
later intervention of Mr. Joseph Chamberlain, M.P., this attention was 
duly attracted ; Colonel Howard Vincent especially, in taking up the 
ruuning and insisting upon the matter being sifted to the bottom, con- 
eabated materially towards the advent of a more equitable state of 
affairs. 

The Government, realising the serious nature of the subject, and 
yielding to the pressure of the gentlemen mentioned, at last consented 
to institute an official inquiry into the truth of the statements we 
published. On April 23rd, 1894, Mr. Mundella, as President of the 
Board of Trade, replied as follows to a question asked in the House 
of Commons by Mr. Chamberlain:—‘’ We have been unable to 
obtain any evidence of the importation of goods manufactured 
in German prisons beyond the statements which have appeared in a 
trade newspaper*; but steps are being taken to obtain, through 
the Foreign Office, all the information available on the subject.” This 
information, in the shape of a Government Report, has, after the 
lapse of many months, just been issued, and we think ourselves fairly 
entitled to a little self-congratulation in view of the fact that the 
official report absolutely confirms in every particular the general state- 
ments contained in our issue of March 3rd last. 

As it is probable that all our readers may not have the opportunity 
of perusing the contents of the actual official publication, we purpose 
quoting a few of the most interesting statements which, following the 
example of our initiatory exposure of the prison-labour system, will 
speak for themselves. 

We find the system thus explained is a “ Report on Prison-Labour 
in Germany,” drawn up by Mr. Tower, Second Secretary in the 
British Embassy at Berlin :— , 

The following is the system adopted in Prussia for prison- 
labour :— 

The prison authorities farm out to a contractor or contractors 
the labour power of a prisoner. The contract determines the rate 
of wages in return for the amount, weight, measure, or number of 
articles to be manufactured. The contract is made either fora 
fixed period of time or for a given quantity of work, which is 
executed under the direction of the contractor and his foreman, 
who have access to the gaol subject to prison rules and regula- 
tions. Raw materials, tools, and machinery are supplied by the 
contractor. The authorities undertake no risk nor responsibility 
as to breakage or damage of tools, nor in case that prison disci- 
pline interferes with contract labour. The contractor is wholly 
under the control of the Governor and the prison authorities, and a 
refusal on their part to grant admittance might lead to a total 
suspension of work. His risk, therefore, is considerable, he 
having to deposit security for the fulSlment of his contract in 
amount generally of one month’s wages or: value of labour for 
that period. 

Mr. J. L. Schwabach, the British Cousul-General at Berlin, in a 
letter to Sir E. Malet states that he has obtained the following infor- 
mation from authentic sources :— 

The so-called concessionaire ” hires a room, either within the 
prison walls or without, in which he places his machinery or 
slant. He then obtains permission from the Governor of the 
prison to employ certain prisoners in the manufacture of cotton 
goods,t his object being to obtain labour as cheaply as possible, 
nnd that of the Governor to obtain comparatively remunerative 
employment for the prisoners. 

When the permission is granted, a contract is made between the 
Governor and the concessionaire with regard to the wages to be 
paid, and with this contract the functions of the authorities cease. 

Ifthese concessionaires afterwards stamp their goods with the 
names of Manchester firms they are undoubtedly committing a 
fraud, and, should this come to the knowledge of the authorities, 
the perpetrators would undoubtedly be prosecuted and punished 
for infringing the law. 

If any private person should detect a concessionaire in such a 
fraud, he is at liberty to bring the action against such perpetrator, 
who, if found guilty, would decidedly be punished. 

The concluding sentences of the above statement would seem to 
point to the idea that the German authorities take steps to prevent any 
abuses of their prison-labour system, but is this view born out in actual 
fact? Emphatically, no!—for over and over again have instances 
occurred of prison-made goods finding their way over here bearing the 
name of some well-known English house. That this supposed super- 
vision of the future of the goods is in some cases only nominal and in 
the other cases entirely non-existent is aptly proved by the following 
quotation from a memorandum received from the Bavarian Minister 
for Foreign Affairs :— 

As regards the amount available for exportation from Germany, 
and the nature of the commodities so available, nothing of a defi- 
nite nature is known, for the commodities which remain over are 
delivered by the Prison Administration solely to German con- 
tractors, who, having no restraint whatever placed upon them, are 
at liberty to export the articles in any way they please. 

If this, then, is the fate of the prison-made goods of the district of 
Bavaria, which contains an average number of over 6,200 prisoners 
actually engaged in industrial occupatiors, it is small wonder that the 
«liberty to export the articles in any way they please » is interpreted 
by the German contractors 1n its widest sense, and that the goods, 





*The “ Hardwareman.” 


+ This was directed more especially in reply to a letter addressed to the 
Foreign Office by the London correspondent of a Manchester paper, 
who, upon the faith of the exposures made by our Special Commissioner, 
had written to ask if cotton goods made in German prisons were ex- 
ported stamped with the names of Manchester firms. 























18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances; 


when they are paraded before the bargain-loving British public, bear 
small exterior testimony as to the place of their birth. As a further 
confirmation of the ease with which prison rubbish edges its way into 
the path of honest trade, we take the following excerpts from a com- 
munication on the subject of prison-labour in Prussia, received by the 
Earl of Kimberley from the British Ambassador at Berlir. Following 
a detailed list of returns, the report goes on to say :— 

The above figures show that the number of 16,899 prisoners are 
employed in prison-labour. Of these 221 were engaged in tailor- 
ing and shoemaking work for the prison officials, and 697 in exe- 
cuting orders received from the Imperial authorities. The 
remainder, therefore, amounting to 15,981, represents the daily 
average of Prussian prisoners employed for wages whose work 
reaches the outside market. 

And, as regards the subject of the destination of the products of 
prison-labour, we read that :— 

There is no clue whatever to the destination of the product of 
“Contract” labour in Prussian prisons, seeing that the State 
exercises no control beyond requiring that the contractor shall not, 
in certain cases, sell within a 10-kilom. radius of the prison of 
origin. The ‘‘ Contract” system, which has been explained above, 
is enforced throughout Prussia, including the Rhenish Provinces 
and Westphalia. 

In other States of the Empire different sysiems are enforced ; 
for example :—- 

1. A State labour system, known as the “ Regie,” by which all 
work is executed in the prison under prison management alone, 
on account of, and under the direction of the State, which supplies 
all raw materials, tools, machinery, &c., accepts all risks and 
responsibilities, and either sells in the open market, or manufac- 
tures according to the order of merchants or consumers. This 
system is confined to Bavaria, Baden, and Bremen. 

2. A mixture of the ‘‘Contract” and the “State” systems, 
known as the “Accord” system. In this the whole management 
and control of the work are retained in the hands of the State, but 
the contractor, who takes the finished goods at a price fixed upon 
with the State, supplies the raw materials. In force in Baden and 

> Bavaria. 

In those parts of Germany where the ‘‘ Regie” is enforced, it 
appears, Mr. Mulvany states, to be quite out of the range of proba- 
bility that the State exports, but the small merchants who buy 
may, or may not, export eventually. By this system the German 
Government has no means of knowing what becomes of goods 
when once the sale has been effected. 

Afterseeing the above authoritative statements we may wellask where 
the German Government finds its pretext for professing its endeavours 
to prevent the prison goods from interfering with the dealings of 
private manufacturers. On the contrary, we are forced into the belief 
that the concessionaire sweaters have the fullest freedom and encour- 
agement in despatching their shoddy lines on the errand of commercial 
destruction. 

The only denial by implication of any statement appearing in, our 
Commissioner’s Report occurs in Mr. Tower’s Report from the Berlin 
Embassy, referred to elsewhere in this article. He says :— 

As regards certain statements in the Hardwareman on the 3rd 
March, 1894 (copy of which is in the hands of the Ministry of the 
Interior), the official who granted the interview declares that it is 
an error to say that no one can inspect the prisons without using 
underhand means. As arule, any respectable person is permitted 
to view the establishments. 

We have no desire to press a matter of this nature, but we would 
point out that our Commissioner only spoke of the difficulty of obtain- 
ing access, and did not say that ‘“‘underhand means” were required. 
But we shculd like to see a representative of a British trade journal 
try to get access toa German prison now ! 

The very low wage for which the average German workman is con- 
tent to work is fairly well-known in this country, but we wonder how 
many know the paltry sums for which German prisoners are forced to 
work. There is a singular dearth of information on this point in the 
teport, but a few figures are given which will not be without interest, 
and we venture to think they may be specially welcome to those who 
have cherished the idea that prison manufactures were the results of 
free labour, and that their astonishingly low prices have been due to the 
proverbial frugality of the Continental artisan. We take the following 
figures from an official letter relating to the gaols of Saxony, where the 
mean number of actively employed prisoners amounts to 4,587. 

The entire wage total under the various headings is £27,500. 
The mean cost of the labour days isset ata little over 8d. As 
regards the question of prison labour versus free, it is worth 
noting, I may observe, that this average 8d. happens to be the 
charge for contract cigar work, whereas the wage of a free maker 
of the article is from 3s. to 4s. per diem. Weavers are set down 
in the Returns at 6d. ; the market rate is about 2s. 6d. per day. 

A perusal of the above statement at once reveals the fact that the 
concessionaire, by employing conyicts in the place of honest workers, 
effects a saving of at least 80 per cent..in his wages bill. Just ask 
yourself to what pitch of frugality a British workman would have 
to go to withstand a reduction of four-fifths of his wages. Fancy a 
man keeping himself, his wife, and his family on seven shillings a 
week! The flights of fancy are hardly equal to such an absurdity, 
and the frugality argument must be cast aside and the question looked 
at in its other and more serious aspect. 

And now a few words as to why all this rubbish finds its way to the 
English market. Is it that the quantities made are so large that the 
home requirements are exceeded and that the German {merchants are 
forced to seek outlets? It is true that the merchants are forced to 
seek other markets but it is not because of the quantity of the supplies. 
It is solely because the German retailers unanimously denounced the 
system of hiring out convict-labour, and they will not, on any account, 
trade in the products. Note the following official statements :— 

The entire system of prison-labour is the object of chronic 
denunciations in the Saxon Legislature, in the Chambers of Com- 
merce, in the press, and otherwise, as constituting an illegitimate 
interference by the State with private industrial enterprise. 





\j 


Fre. 1, 1895. 





And again :— 

Much opposition has, from time to time, and still is, being made 
in Germany against the employment of prison-labour being thus 
applied to reproductive work on the ground that it isan unfair 
competition with the trades and industries of private parties and 
companies. It is chicfly the smaller working tradespeople who 
raise objections to the effect that the contractor or the State is 
enabled, by cheap labour, to undersell in the market. 

It certainly does seem incredible that people in this country who have 
average thinking powers should allow themselves to be exploited at the 
expense of their own pockets and to the ruination of their own indus- 
tries in order to support an iniquitous system of German prison sweat- 
ing. Wecould understand their submission to this state of things 
under their former condition of ignorance, but now that the veil has 
heen torn aside and the scandal stands exposed, it is the duty of every 
British subject to help to stamp the evil out. 

The most effectual method of achieving the desired end is happily 
asimple one. We have but to follow the example of our American 
neighbours in passing an Act to entirely prohibit the importation, under 
any circumstances whatever, of goods made by foreign convict-labour 
and the evil will quickly be a thing of the past. As our readers will 
remember, Colonel Howard Vincent introduc ed a Billto this effect in 
the last Session of Parliament, but in vain sought from the Government 
an opportunity for its consideration. It is distinctly necessary that his 
action should be supported. In bringing the matter before the retail 
hardwaremen of this country, we are appealing to a class who are largely 
concerned in the suppression of this unfair competition. It is the 
obvious duty of each of our readers to bring the importance of the 
matter before the notice of his local Parliamentary representative, ana 
urge him to support Colonel Howard Vincent’s simple and unambiguous 
Bill at the next Session of Parliament. 








THE AFFAIRS OF MR. W. ROTHWELL. 


At the Bolton Bankruptcy Court on the r4th ult., before the Deputy 
Registrar, the first examination was held of Wiliiam Rothwell, hosiery 
manufacturer and knitting and sewing-machine dealer.—Mr, Dixon, of 
Manchester, appeared for the debtor, and Mr. Addleshaw represented 
the creditors. 

At the outset Mr. Dixon said it was intended to appeal against the 
receiving order and adjudication which had been made, and notice of 
such appeal had been served upon the solicitor for the petitioning 
creditors. Pending the appeal, he applied for an adjournment of the 
examination toa day to be agreed upon. He might add that Mr. 
Rothwell courted the fullest investigation, having nothing to fear from 
the searching examination which the Court afforded. Mr. Rothwell had 
invested in the Rothwell Hosiery Company and William Rothwell & 
Co. upwards of £80,000, and instead of receiving his dividends, 
interests, and commissions in cash he had from time to time taken up 
fresh share capital in the companies with the same, so that his “all ” 
was involved in the two compazies, and no one had a greater interest 
in the re-organisation of the concern than Mr. Rothwell. 

In answer to the Official Receiver, Mr. Rothwell said that he com- 
menced business in 1872 as a sewing machine agent and dealer, having 
been previously engaged as an operative cotton spinner. Subsequently 
hetook a shop in Market Street, where he carried on a hosiery business. 

Did you afterwards take a warehouse in Carlton Street ?—I took it 
on behalf of the company. 

Then you had floated the company ?—It was arranged to be 
floated. 

Did you afterwards float the Rothwell Hosiery Company ?—Yes, 

Was that about the year 1886 ?—Yes. 

Was that company for the manufacture of hosiery goods ?>—Yes. 

And not for the sale of knitting machines ?—No, the knitting machine 
business was kept separate. 

Was the capital 410,000?—Yes. 

Can you tell us how many shares you had of your own in that com= 
pany ?—I cannot remember, but I took up the bulk of the capital. 

Did you have the nine-tenths of the capital 2—I should think I had, 

Was the capital increased in about two years ?—Yes. 

Was it ultimately increased to £100,000 ?—Yes. 

About the year 1888 did you take the Victoria Mills in Bridgman 
Street ?—It was later than that, I think. 

But you eventually acquired the Victoria Mills ?-—Yes. 

Did you then increase the capital to £.200,000?—Yes. us 

And it was also determined to raise money by debentures ?—Y es: 

In answer to further questions Mr. Rothwell said that his share in 
the company would be nearly two-thirds of the whole capital, and he 
now held shares to the value of over £70,000. He had deposited 
with the Union Bank of Manchester 4,1 80 shares, and their value had 
been assessed at 45each. Besides that, he had 362 and 3,086 shares 
in the same company. 

Where is the scrip for those shares ?——I have never taken them away 
from the company. 

Have they been issued ?—Yes, and the shares will be in the books. 

Do the company hold the scrip?—Yes, I have not claimed them 
They are in the books. 

Have they been signed ?—Must have been. 

Replying to other questions, Mr. Rothwell said that he retained a 
portion of the Victoria Mills, and floated another company named 
“Wm. Rothwell & Co., Limited,” for the purpose of making knitting 
machines. That business had been carried on for the last five or six 
years, and he held two-thirds of the capital. The object of that com- 
pany was to make machines not for the Rothwell Hosiery Company 
alone, but for the general trade. According to his statement of affairs 
he was liable to the Union Bank of Manchester for £38,000, but he 
must explain that it was for the Rothwell Hosiery Company as well as 
himself. What he said was that he had, on behalf of the Rothwell 
Hosiery Company, deposited with his bankers the deeds of the Victoria 
Mills, and his shares in the Rothwell Hosiery Company and shares in 
William Rothwell & Co. According to his statement of affairs his 
bankers were well secured. The value of the shares in the Rothwell 
Hosiery Company were not assessed at 45 by himself, but by the 


EEE OMY SONS Sa ig REET 


1 





, 


Fes, I, 1895. 


liquidators after taking stock. The £10,000 put down as his interest 
in the Victoria Mills was his own estimate. 

According to your statement of affairs you make out that you have a 
surplus of £18,000 or £19,000 ?— Yes, about £19,000. 

And do you really believe that you are solvent to-day ?—Yes, I do. 

Notwithstanding the fact that creditors with whom you have 
deposited scrip have valued it at half your value?—That is so. I con- 
sider I am solvent tc the extent of £19,000. 

The Official Receiver said he did not propose to go any further that 
day, and by agreement the examination was adjourned to January 24th. 

At the adjourned hearing Mr. Dickson explained at the outset that 
Mr. Rothwell had abandoned the appeal agairst the adjudication in 
bankruptcy, on the ground that it would result in most expensive 
litigation. He was advised that the appeal would probably have been 
successful, but, having abandoned it, he now courted the fullest inves- 
tigation into all Mr. Rothwell’s transactions, and his conduct during 
a long commercial career. 

The bankrupt was examined by Mr. Addleshaw at some length as to 
a couple of policies of insurance on his life. One was taken out in his 
wife’s name, and the other was transferred to her, and both policies 
were in his wife's custody at Hollywood. The policies were for 
£1,000and £2,000, and he paid the premiums. : 

Why were the policies handed over to Messrs. Spencer and Piggott, 
accountants, of Manchester ?—Messrs. Spencer and Piggott provided 
Mrs. Rothwell with money to buy the stock of the shop. 

Have you transferred any other property to your wife ?—Not a cent. 

No patents ?—No. i 

You have represented to the Official Receiver tuat you are solvent 
and have a large surplus. I find your assets are almost entirely shares 
in the William Rothwell Company, Limited, and the Rothwell Hosiery 
Company ?—Yes, e 

And your insolvency depends on the value of the shares ?—Yes. 

How have you arrived at the value of the shares in William Rothwell 
and Company, Limited ?—We have paid an average of 9 per cent. and 
they are worth par. é ; 

What have been the net profits during the period under notice ?— 
Sufficient to pay 9 per cent., create a reserve fund of £1,500, and carry 
forward £700 or £800. 

When you transferred to the company, they paid you a good sum for 
the goodwill and for the agencies ?—For the patent they paid a large 
sum, but for the agency and goodwill of the business there was only a 
nominal sum of £5. eH 

They paid you altogether £17,000 ?—Yes, the bulk of it in shares. 

Mr. Addleshaw next sought to show that if the company lost the 
agency of Messrs. Scyphert & Donner, of Germany, the shares would be 
considerably decreased in value, and the debtor was bound to admit 
that this was so. 

The payment of £17,000 included the agency !—Yes. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


19 


Does the company now retain that important agency ?—The debtor 
said he believed they did not, and, closely questioned, he eventually 
admitted that his wife was now the agent of the firm, but he added that 
he did not know the position of the company with the firm. He went 
on to say, in reply to further questions, that he arranged for the transfer 
of the agency to his wife. He went over to Germany, and arranged the 
transfer to his wife. 

The fact is that before you filed your statement of affairs the agency 
of Scyphert & Donner had been transferred from the company to your 
wife 2—I will not say it had been transferred from the company. For 
the moment Mrs. Rothwell represents Scyphert & Donner, but no 
agreement exists. 

You knew of that when you filed the statement of affairs ?—Ves, 

Practically the most valuable part of the business has gone from the 
company ?—I cannot say it has gone. 

Did you tell Mr. Crewdson that this agency was the only profit- 
able part of the business ?—-No ; I said it was the most profitable part 
of the business. 

And the most profitable part of the business having gone, are the 
shares of the value you stated 1--If the company goes on and acts 
sensibly the shares are worth what I put down. 

As manager of the firm did you receive a salary ?—For six and a half 
years I have worked for the company and received no salary ; neither 
have I been paid as director. 

You were the principal shareholder and managed the business ?— 
Unfortunately the others were too lazy to attend. Indeed, I could not 
get directors, and the shareholders were so content with their dividend 
that I had to send out to get a quorum to transact business at the 
annual meetings. 

Mr. Addleshaw next elicited that the debtor had obtained accommo- 
dation bills for £3,000 or £4,000 in the name of the Rothwell Hosiery 
Company. One company helped the other, but in this case the com- 
pany received no consideration for the bills. 

For four years you have used these accommodation bills and never 
disclosed the fact to the directors or shareholders !—The shareholders 
were so satisfied that they would not come near. As long as they 
received their dividends they were content. Several of the shareholders 
were pressed to become directors, but they would not. They said, ‘Oh, 
Rothwell, you manage it; you understand the job; we will leave it 
with you.” 

Mr. Addleshaw: I think they were foolish. 

Mr. Rothwell. I think so, too. 


Replying to further questions by Mr. Addleshaw, the debtor said 
the travelling expenses shown in the cash book under date of the 21st 
November last were for a previous visit to Germany, and he would not 
have charged the company then had he not been hard up and in want 
of money. The receipt he gave would show what the money was for 





NOTHMANN Sewing Machines. 














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NEW SHUTTLE, 





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the insertion of the Bobbin 


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ALL IMPORTANT PARTS ARE 
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FIRST-CLASS 
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GREAT DURABILITY. 








GEBR. NOTHMANN, & 


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SOLE AGENT FOR 


THE UNITED KINGDOM, B RAUSNITZ, 184, Aldersgate Street, LONDON, E.C. 


Illustrated Price List free on application. 


Sub-Agencies for any town or district arranged. 





CC eet ae ny > e TA Wt pee eal eee ‘ oye Pikes Ne 


20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Fre, 1, 1895: 





Hire Traders’ Protection 
Association. 





REGISTERED UNDER THE LICENCE OF THE BOARD OF TRADE, JUNE 21, 1891. 
WHEREBY THE LIABILITY OF MEMBERS IS STRICTLY LIMITED. 


Constitution This Association is a combination of dealers in articles sold on the 

and Objects. Easy Payment and Hire System, and, according to its Rules, its objects are 
‘“‘the protection and furtherance of the interest of persons trading on what is 
known as the Hire Purchase System, and to ensure for hirers fair and 
honourable treatment.” 


It is purely a co-operation of traders aiming at raising the tone of the 
Hire System and the assistance of hire traders in cases of difficulty, for 
which purpose it retains one of the best legal authorities, Mr. H. E. Tudor, 
whose fees are fixed at one-half (or less) the usual solicitor’s charges. 





} Subscriptions. The annual subscription is one guinea for town members, and 
half-guinea for country members, commencing any date. 





Advantages. The Association supply, firstly, a legal form of hiring agreement, which 
it considers fair between owner and hirer. Should this agreement be broken 

Pe’ by the hirer, Mr. Tudor, the solicitor to the Association, wil) write the hirer at 
the member’s request, at a charge of 6d. Should the goods be pledged, he will 
write the pawnbroker stating the owner’s title to the goods, and endeavour to get 
i, them returned ; the same remarks apply to landlords, carriers, or other persons 
he in wrongful possession. Mr. Tudor can be consulted at certain times (see 
i. Rules) free of charge, and at all times will give written advice on legal 
i. difficulties at a charge of 1s. in ordinary cases. Should members desire to 
p conduct their own cases, the solicitor’s charge for drawing up the brief is 3s, 6d. 



































sara In order that country members shall not be at a disadvantage, Mr. 
; Tudor has drawn up a series of forms which, when filled in, will render a 
personal consultation unnecessary. 


Branch Associations will be formed wherever sufficient support is forthcoming from 
local traders. 

This Association has already done much useful work. A large number of 
defaulting hirers have resumed their payments, and goods to a considerable value have been 
recovered from pawnbrokers and others in wrongful possession. The Association aims at 
using its influence in such a manner as will reduce litigation as much as possible, but its 
solicitor has undertaken numerous actions, principally against landlords, and with unusual 
success, due largely to the unparalleled experience of its legal staff. 


The Committee therefore invite all firms doing an Hasy Payment or Hire Trade to 
join this Association. 


For further particulars apply to the Secretary, 


SAMUEL JAMES SEWELL, 
28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row. Lendon, E.C. 





Fes. 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 


Cee ee a a ae Se a ee ee 


He had made repeated journeys for the companies and never charged 
them a single penny. 

Answering further questions, Mr. Rothwell said he went to America 
in May of 1893 for the purpose mainly of trying to sell some patents 
for Messrs. Scyphert & Donner. His arrangement with these people 
was that he should receive a commission if he sold the patents. He 
had a written agreement, but he did not know where it was. He was 
in America for thirteen weeks, and paid his own expenses. 

I don’t want to make any mistake about it. Did you charge William 
Rothwell & Co. £500 as expenses for your journey to America 7—No, 
it was for profits on a transaction in machinery. He added that this 
sum was not charged until he had seen that the agency had been a 
success. Asa matter of fact it had made the company about 41,000 
since. 

The debtor was then questioned about an American agency which 
had been held by William Rothwell & Co. The name of the firm was 
Scott & Williams, and he admitted that there had been some negotia- 
tions between them with regard to the agency, but that was not done 
until he learned that Messrs. Scott & Williams had refused to have 
anything to do with William Rothwell & Co. The loss of that agency, 
with the other, would certainly reduce the value of the shares in 
William Rothwell & Co. 

Mr. Rothwell, replying to further questions, said he had no shares in 
any other company. He never wanted to have any shares in any 
company but that of the Rothwell Hosiery Company and William 
Rothwell & Co, 

The examination was again adjourned. 





PNEUMATIC PRAM. SPRINGS. 


We have received from Messrs. Rothschild & Baker, 
perambulator manufacturers, of St. Paul’s Square, Bir- 
mingham, a copy of their new catalogue. It consists of 
some forty pages of fine, well-calendered paper, bound in 
a stiff cover, the size of the sheets being 11 in. by 82 in. 
We defer until next month a full review of the firm’s 
carriages. Suffice it to say that one of their 
specialities is Baker’s patent pneumatic spring. 
This invention embodies quite a new departure, air bags 
fitted with Dunlop valves being posed between the body 
and the under-carriage, in order that the body may be 





supported on air. We are not at present able to say how 
the carriage rides, but Mr. Baker’s idea strikes us as at 
once novel and useful. 

We must congratulate Messrs. Rothschild & Baker on 
the excellence of their catalogue, which is one of the very 
finest ever issued in the perambulator trade. We refer 
not only to the illustrations, several of which are in 
colour, but also to the details which accompany the 
same. 





NotIcE. 


In the High Court of Justice, 
Chancery Division, 
Mr. Justice Chitty, 


THE AUTOMATIC KNITTING MACHINE COMPANY, 
LIMITED, v. W. MORRIS & CO., BRADFORD. 


By Injunction this day granted, the defen- 
dants, their servants, or agents were restrained 
from infringement of the Letters Patent, 
No. 16,483, of 1889, for inventions in Knitting 
Machines, which Letters Patent are the pro- 
perty of the Plaintiff Company, and the 
defendants were ordered to pay the Plaintiff 
Company the sum of £50 by way of liquidated 
damages and their costs of action. 

SWEPSTONE & STONE, 
31, Great St, Helens, H.C. 
Plaintiffs’ Solicitors. 
8th December, 1894. 








SPECIAL NOTICE 
PERAMBULATOR MANUFACTURERS, 





On MARCH 1st will be published the ANNUAL SUPPLEMENT to this Journal, 


“THE BUYERS’ 
CARRIAGES.” 
is limited. 


GUIDE TO THE NEW SEASON’S DESIGNS IN CHILDREN’S 
Applications for Advertisements should be made at once, as space 





SEWELL & CO., 28, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. 





* OUR TRADE 


DIRECTORY. 





SEWING MACHINES AND ACCESSORIES. 
Machines « Coudre. 


Baer & Rempel, Bielefeld, the Phoenix. 

Bradbury & Co., Ltd., Wellington Works, Oldham, and branches. 

Bradbury, C., 249A, High Holborn, London, W.C., Grimme, Natalis, 
& Co.’s machines. 

Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., 59, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., 
the Branston Two-reel machine. 

Bishop’s Cluster Co., 147, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Gloria 
machine and others. 

Eclipse Machine Co, Oldham, Lanes., the Eclipse machine. 

Jones Sewing Machine Co., Ltd., Guide Bridge, Jones’ machines. 

Kimball & Morton, Ltd., Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, the Lion machine 
and others. 

Lohmann, C., Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Electra machine and 
others. 

Murdoch, J. G. & Co., Ltd., 91, Farringdon Road, London, E.Ci, 
various machines. 

National Sewing Machine Co., Fetter Lane, E.C., the National 
machine. 

Nothmann, Gebr., Berlin. Agent: E. Rausnitz, 184, Aldersgate Street, 
E.C., the Nothmann. 

Patent Button Hole Machine Co., 4, Newgate Street, London, E.C: 

Pfaff, G. M. Agent: Wilhelm & Co., 132, Wool Exchange, London, the 
Pfaff. 

Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C., the high arm 
Naumann machines and others. 

Singer Manufacturing Co., 39, Foster Lne, London, and branches, 

Gordon & Gotch, 15, Bride Street, London, E.C., the Domestic. 

Two-reel Sewing Machine Co., Lim., Albion Street, Birmingham, 
Daniel Jones’ Patent Two-reel machine. 

Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley, Yorks, the Cyclops machine. 

Vertical Feed Co., 24, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the Vertical 
Feed Machine. 

Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 

White Sewing Machine Co., 48, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., the White 
machine. 


Bo 


a 


Wheeler & Wilson Co., Paul Streef, E,C., the Wheeler and Wilson 
machine. 

Webster, H., 442 & 444, Harrow Road, London, W., the New Home 
machine. 
Zschwinzscher, 

machines. 


G., 34, Aldermanbury, E.C., Biesolt & Locke’s 
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 
Bell, W. and Co., Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 
Grover and Wood, 62, Glengall Road, London, S,E. 
Lohmenn, C., address given above. 
Murdoch, J. G. and Co., Ltd. (automatic, etc.), do. 
Peters and Co.. do. 84, Oxford Street, London, W. 
Whight, G. and Co., Regent Street. 
KNITTING MACHINES. 
Machines a Tricoter. 
Biernatzki and Co., 44, Mansfield Road, Nottingham. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Harrison Knitting Machine Co., Manchester. 
Rothwell & Co., Lim., Bolton. 
Stibbe, G., 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 
BEDSTEADS. 
Atlas Bedstead Co., Bilston, Staffs. 
WASHING AND WRINGING MACHINES. 
Machines a Laver. 
Acme Machine Co., Henrietta Street, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
American Wringer Co., 122, Southwark Street London, 
rubber wringers. 
Cherry Tree Machine Co., Cherry Tree, Lancs., washers and mangles, 
Entwisle & Kenyon, Accrington. 
Kimball & Morton, Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
Taylor & Wilson, Atlas Works, Accrington, 
BICYCLES. 
Eclipse Machine Co., Oldham. 
Oxford Cycle Co., Oxford. 
St. George’s Cycle Co. Upper Street, London, N. 
Roberts, H. S., Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, Bucks. 
Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C. 
Victoria Manufacturing Co., 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 


S.E. 









































G/- per 1 
publish a Pictorial Circular relat 


4 
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4 Youwinawwyad v 


3SN LON S300 OHM 





OF 40 Y3aHLOW Y N3IML3I9 
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FE. 1, Hee and Sewing Machine Gazette. 23 
eee eee a ee 


BEWARE OF MISREPRESENTATION. 


SINGER’S NEW SEWING MACHINE 


Which executes such beautiful Art Work, is not suitable for 
Plain Sewing also. 


oe 


THIS IS A MISLEADING AND UNTRUTHFOUL 
STATEMENT. 


THE SAME MACHINE 


DOES BOT HE 


PLAIN SEWING & ART WORK 


To the most complete satisfaction of the user. 


DPOOPSSOOSOSHSSHOSHSHHSSOHHHSSHOSO SOHO OOOO OOOOH 


IN NOVEMBER ALONE! IN THIS COUNTRY ALONE! 


a> '7O™ 


SEWING MACHINES OF VARIOUS MAKERS WERE 
EXCHANGED BY 


SINGER’S 


FOR THEIR 


NEW SEWING MACHINE ; 
Or at the rate of MORE THAN 40,000 PER YEAR. 


COMMENT IS NEEDLESS. 














You, also, can have your Old Machine Exchanged, 
and an Allowance made of from 1Qs, to 2Qs. 


The Singer Manufacturing Co. 
City Show Room :—14’7, GHEAPSIDE, E.C. 


SHOPS SSOSSHSHSSHSHOSSOOOHOOOOSD 






































24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances. Fes. 1, 1895. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouss-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS, 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON “APE ICATIGN: AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


SNSNINI NSS SNS SSI NINS SINS NS NINS NING 


THE “BELL” ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD. 
49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, E.C. 


HARROP’S 
Greatest ie in baby boas 











Patent . 
Combination : ae 
a should be 
ios without one 
MAIL CART. 





LISTS SUPPLIED 
"ON 
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Convertible to 
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(Patent, No. 16,502). 


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CANOPIES! CANOPIES ! CANOPIES! 
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In a Variety of Patterns. 


WY. FOSTER &X CO., 


46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 
The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 














Male a. 


Fes. 1, 1895. 
THE 


American Wringer bo. 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 






























































The ‘“ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSHHOLD ’ WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The '‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Considering the quality of the materials used, the “ HOUSEHOLD”’ 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


00 06000000000000000000000000000000000 


WHAT IS THIS? 





This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and indicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle. 
We _ guarantee all 


rollers in our ma- 








chines to have an 





equal thickness of 
cubber to that shown 
in the sketch. 














DLS SDDS NINN SSI 





ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 


—————————— . a 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Our new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER 60., 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, 8.E. 


@ 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 


GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 









SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all hinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





HEW HARRISON SWIFT GOLD MEDAB 


TER 


KN ITS Stockings ribbed or plain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING im 
WOOL, SILK, or COTTON, INSTRUC 






TIONS FREE. Lists 2d. per post. 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The only 
WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and 22 other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CQ 
Works: 43, Uprer Brook St.. Mauchester. 








The New 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


. =) is the only machine in the world 
{ which can knit every garment 
S that can be done by hand. 

It would take three days by hand what could be done on the 
“New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and tnousands of ladies 
who haye entirely abolished hand knitting are now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything, in eitner silk, wool, or cotton. 

Write for prices and full partioulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 




















_ During the past two months the various ironmongery 
journals have been advising the ironmongers to go 


thoroughly intothe cycletrade. The Hardwareman has 
waxed very enthusiastic over the proposal, and in a 
recent number, after first seeking the views of the trade 
it writes as follows :— ‘ 


We are more than ever “convinced by the result that the line we 
have taken, in urging ironmongers not to sacrifice a branch of business 
which holds out such promise of permanent and profitable trade, is the 
right course, and that we should be derelict in duty if we did not urge 
it persistently. Let us take one of the replies we have received as a 
sample, a fair sample, of nearly all. It comes from an ironmonger in 
Manchester who first took up the line about four years ago. He tells 
us his cycle trade has nearly doubled itself each year, that he has found 
it very profitable, that ithas helped his other departments wonderfully, 
that he thinks he has the best trade in cycle accessories out of London, 
and is doing a profitable business in cycle repairs, which he regards as 
an indispensable adjunct. Another ironmonger, writing from Ireland 
tells us that in 1889 his turnover in cycles was about £3,000, and he 
expects to double that next year, that of course he finds it profitable 
and a help to his other departments, and that cycle repairs “ pay 
splendidly.” 


x ® 


. . = 

Considering that already there are not less than 6,000 
cycle dealers in the United Kingdom, it would really 
seem that there is not much room for the ironmonger— 
or rather for more ironmongers—as a large number 
already sell these machines. Experience has shown that 
such articles as sewing machines and cycles can be more 
satisfactorily dealt with asdistinct lines of traderather than 
sold as adjuncts to a drapery or ironmongery business. 
The ironmonger has, of course, the advantage of an all 
the year round trade, therein surpassing the dealer who 
only sells cycles. Our contemporary aforesaid has been 
interviewing Mr. Hobart Birdon this subject, who inanswer 
to the question as to the lineson which the business 
should be commenced, made the following reply :— 

I should say that to ensure a big success he ought to make up his 
mind to devote some time and thought to the branch. He should 
stock at Jeast six machines, say two or three best make and three or 
four medium grade. The medium grade will prokably be as good and 
reliable, and run as well as the best make, while the price will be £2 
or £3 lower. This difference being shown solely in a little extra 
“finish”—the ‘‘name’’ attached to the classical makes enabling an 
extra £2 to be asked on a machine. Then, furthermore, he should 
decline absolutely to deal in the so-called ‘‘ cheap,” but really very 














26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Fev. 1, 1898. 





dear, machines. I have personally come across many ironmengers who 
began by handling these low grade machines. They invariably lost 
money, and got a bad name, were pestered with having the machines 
constantly on hand for repairs, and finally have given cycles up 
in disgust as a failure without really giving the trade a fair 
trial. My own advice would be also to abstain from dealing 
in cycles onthe ‘‘hire purchase” or deferred payment system. It is 
usually a losing thing unless a very substantial deposit is obtained. To 
push and develop the trade—advertise your cycle agency well in the 
local papers; post plenty of wall bills about the town and district, 
the manufacturer will supply them gratis. Take an active interest in 
local cycle clubs, and induce your assistants to join the clubs, and 
club rans when convenient. Pay careful attention to repairs, and 
advertise that you will do so. It is prontable, continues almost all the 
year, and brings potential buyers of cycles to your shop. These are 
the chief points that occur to me at the moment. If I had time I 
could no doubt elaborate upon them, but this I will say, that if any 
ironmonger would take up the trade on these general lines he would 
have no difficulty in tinding makers of first-class machines who would 
back him up, and he would be certain to make a success of it, if the 
surrounding conditions were in any wise favourable.” 
«x * 


In the meantime the Cycle Agents’ Union are trying to 
keep the trade out of the hands of the ironmongers. 
Further, the manufacturers are very dissatisfied with the 
bulk of the present dealers, and here we have Mr. W. 
Newton, of the Elswick Company, writing tothe Cyclist 
as follows:— 


Re the large number of recent failures in thecycle trade. Although we 
have been obliged in some cases to submit to accept a composition as 
being the best way out of a bad job, yet we are firmly of the opinion 
that it is high time there was an association (amongst the manufac- 
turers) specially devoted to attending to cases of cycle agents, as it is 
very evident that these cases of composition are becoming very popular, 
and seem very likely to end most disastrously for people who have 
capital invested in the trade. We believe there is an association of 
manufacturers in the cycle trade in Coventry, and some similar associa- 
tion for the protection of the trade interests in Birmingham, but we are 
not quite aware whether they specially take this sort of thing in hand. 
We think it high time for the manufacturers to combine, and have a 
special department set apart, so that a// accounts owing by the debtor to 
the cycle manufacturers could be sent into this department, and the 
estate wound up thoroughly and properly, so as not to allow these 
compositions to become more popular than they are. If there is an 
association for the protection of manufacturers in voguz, which has a 
department specially set apart for this purpose, it would not be a bad 
idea for them to circularise ali manufacturers of cycles, to see if some 
combination for stopping this pernicious system of composition could be 
adopted and worked. 


“« * 


We seem to be nearing an epidemic of self-propelled 
cycles. A German, named Wolfmuller, has patented a 
petroleum bicycle, which is now being made in France. 
An Englishman, who has an interest in the concern, 
describes the invention as follows :— 


“Tt took a great deal of explanation to convince the many ques- 
tioners I had that no mechanical experience at all was required, and 
that all one had to do was to light the lamp, sit astride the machine, 
open the valve by means of the lever on the handle-bar, and after 
pressing slightly downwards, take a few strides with one’s weight 
always on the saddle, and with the result that at the fourth or fifth 
stride the motor commences to take its explosions, and therefrom 
everything is plain sailing. I might here say that these explosions 
should be regular, and if they should not be so, which can easily be 
determined by the jerking feeling, the next proceeding is to turn the 
coned button on the lever,so that more gas will be admitted. Half a 
turn at a time must be made, so as to give a moment for the increased 
quantity of gas to take effect ; and then, if you are running too quickly, 
all that is necessary to do is to reverse the action on the coned button, 
and the speed decreases.”’ 


*« & 
* 


An American is also to the fore with a motor cycle, 
which is said to work with ether gas, the additional 
weight ofthe machine being but 2 lb. 

* * 
* 

A Mr. Doig has patented a new tyre, the basis of 
which is a specially prepared cane, suspended from the rim 
in such a manner as to give all the resiliency of an air- 
tyre without any of its risks. 








TAXING PIANOS IN GERMANY. 


The Prussian Government recently proposed to impose 
a tax on pianos, the money to go to the local authorities 


in order to lessen the rates. The idea strikes us as absurd 
in the extreme, and a trade correspondent writes thus of 
the proposal :— 


“A severe crisis has come to the German piano-making industry. 
The trade with German pianos in the world’s market has suffered 
much, owing toa general depression of trade, high customs’ duties, 
political unrestin Transatlantic countries, &c. The different com- 
mercial treaties have been of no benefit to the German piano industry. 
In some instances they have done decided harm, and the hopes to obtain 
a market through the German-Russian commercial treaty have not heen 
realised as yet. With allthis, the price for the instruments had to 
come down, as a result of unfair competition at home. The price of 
material used in the construction of pianos has steadily increased, to 
which must be added the Government taxes, which are a great burden 
to the manufacturer. The many failures which occurred in the past 
year in the piano trade are a proof of the general distress. While for 
these reasons the manufacturers’ profit was lessened, and the sales in 
foreign countries slower, the projected piano tax in Prussia threatens 
to become the heaviest blow the German piano industry has yet 
received. Should this tax become a law in all the 
communities, the last prop, the home market, would be 
taken from the piano industry. Aside from these considerations, 
the piano tax cannot be justified on the ground that the instrument is a 
luxury, as it isa matter concerning the few intellectual joys in life. It 
touches mostly those whose shoulders are not able to carry the burden. 
During the past ten years the sales of pianos were mostly of middle 
and low grade—value 400 to 650 marks—to persons of the middle 
classes, on instalment payments. Then there are the great mass of old, 
second-hand instruments, worth from 30 to 100 marks, and all these 
are to pay the same tax. The greatest injustice would be to tax those 
who use the piano as a means to gain a living, for instance, teachers, 
musicians, &c. It would be the same as taxing the tools of an 
artisan. 

“ As regards the income the communes would derive from this tax, 
this would decline with every year. Poor people would try to get rid 
of their pianos to escape the tax, which is in no proportion to its value. 
In this way an immense number of second-hand pianos would he throwu 
on the market. The German piano industry would under such circum- 
stances meet with a great loss in lessening to a considerable extent the 
production. As the workman depends on his earnings, he would bea 
loser; so would the piano teachers suffer, as with a decline of sales 
there will necessarily be fewer pupils. Finally, great damage will be 
done the music publishing and selling trade, which is so highly 
developed in Germany, as piano music forms the _ principal 
part of it, and is bought by piano-playing dilettanti. The piano 
industry is of incalculable influence on German political economy. 
Germany’s piano industry was represented at the beginning of this year 
(1894) by 425 factories, with about 16,000 workmen, 30 action 
factories, and 44 key-board factories. To these should be added 340 
other firms who furnish special piano parts. It is especially to be taken 
into consideration that the decline of the piano manufacture will 
occasion the discharge of many workmen. The communes will be 
affected in consecuence by a reduction in the industrial tax receipts. 
The unruly elements in the larger cities will become more 
numerous, and many persons will become a charge to the com- 
mune. Besides the manufacturers, there are also the piano 
dealers. There are in Germany at the present time over 800 piano 
shops, on which are dependent tuners, repairers, and other employes. 
Finally, there is an army of self-supporting small piano makers and 
tuners whose livelihood would be made precarious by the proposed 
tax. What the results would be of a piano tax in France was well 
understood there. The proposed taxation on pianos of 10 francs wes 
rejected for this reason. In Germany, where this industry has a 
different bearing from that of France, a general adoption of the piano 
tax in all Prussian communes would not only do great damage to the 
industry employing thousands of workmen, but absolutely drive out of 
business innumerable small tradesmen.” 








PRESENTATION TO A MANAGER.—Recently the employes 
of Jones’ Sewing Machine Company, Limited, Hudders- 
field depot, met at the Pack Horse Rooms, Huddersfield, 
as a farewell compliment to their manager, Mr. Thomas 
Gray, who was leaving Huddersfield to take over the 
larger responsibility of manager for the same company 
at Nottingham. A very substantial meal was provided 
to which ample justice was done, after which the cloth 
was removed, and Mr. Roberts (superintendent), in the 
name of all engaged, presented to Mr. Gray—in a 
very eulogistic speech—a handsome solid silver cigarette 
case, suitably engraved. Mr. Gray acknowledged the 
presentation in a feeling manner, remarking that the five 
and a half years he had spent as manager at Hudders- 
field he counted as probably the happiest years he had 
known while in the sewing machine business, and 
finally urged all present to co-operate with their new 
manager (Mr. Roberts) in the same unity of action, 
coupled with renewed diligence, persistency, and con- 
stancy, which alone would bring a satisfactory result to 
all concerned. The rest of the evening was spent in 
songs, recitations, &c., which finally closed at a late hour 
by the joining of hands and singing “ For he’s a jolly 
good fellow.” 








Anyone receiving a free copy of this issue is respectfully asked 
fo take it as a courteous invitation to become aregular reader, either 
as a subscriber or by ordering the paper from his nearest newsagent, 
making use of the proper form provided on another page. 


7 





Fes, 1, 1894. 











































































































Messrs. H. Morrish & Co., domestic machinery dealers, 
Southampton, now tradeas Morrish & Longman. 
- * * 
Mr. C. H. Peachey, sewing machine and cycle repairer, 
has removed from Stafford to ro, Stafford Street, Stone. 
x * 


An old-established perambulator maker and dealer, 
Mr. Franzoni, has closed his premises in New Oxford 
Street, W. oe 

We regret to have to record the sudden death of MT: 
W. J. Whitworth, an old-established sewing machin® 
dealer of Bury. nat 

Mr. T. C. Grant, ironmonger and dealer in domestic 
machinery, of Queen’s Road, Watford, has admitted Mr. 
J. T. Brown, of Kingston, Surrey, into partnership. 


The rumour reaches us from several quarters that a 
new mangle factory will shortly be started in London by 
a well-known firm in the domestic machinery trade. 

The numerous friends of Mr. George Perkins, the 
veteran sewing machine maker of Manchester, will be 
pleased to hear that the operation on his eye has been 
completely successful. 


= * 


Mr. G. Zschwinzscher, the wholesale agent for 
Biesolt & Locke’s sewing machines, has removed from 
Fenchurch Street to larger and more central premises, 
34, Aldermanbury, E.C. 


x * 


The new Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Company 
now seems to be on a fair way to success. The factory in 
Leeds is now in thorough working order, and the first 
delivery of machines has alreacy taken place. 

x x 


Messrs. J. & A. M‘Farlane, the Glasgow mangle 
manufacturers, have recently enlarged their premises. 
Last week one of the partners paid his annual visit to 
London, taking a stockroom at the Manchester Hotel as 
usual. ‘. 

Mr. S. Gadd, after some tWenty years in the service of 
the Singer Company, has started business on his own 
account at 146, Grange Road, Birkenhead, as a dealer in 
sewing and wringing machines, perambulators, bed- 
steads, and fancy goods. He also holds an agency for his 
old firm. cer 

Any of our readers who sell or wish to sell steel travel- 
ing trunks should write to Messrs. John Gough & Co., of 
New Cross, Manchester. They have just compiled a new 
illustrated catalogue of these goods, of whick an advance 
proof is now before us, and copies will be sent to dealers 
on application. 


* ® 

Messrs. Gebruder Nothmann, the well-known Berlin 
sewing machine manufacturers, have followed the lead of 
others intheir trade by going in for cycle manufacture. Mr. 
Rausnitz, their London representative, has now on show 
at his warehouse, Aldersgate Street, several of the 
Nothmann cycles in addition to a large stock of sewing 
machines. cee 

Mr. C. Howe, late superintendent of the Singer Com- 
pany, Colchester district, in partvership with Mr. W- 
Peachey, another late emp/oye of the Singer Company, 
has commenced business under the style of Peachey & 
Howe, at No. 5, King’s Head Street, Harwich, where they 
will deal in perambulators, mail carts, mangles, wringers, 
sewing machines, cycles, musical instruments, &., both 
for cash and on hire. 


s * 

The third annual Furniture Exhibition is announced to 
be held from the 16th tothe 22nd of April next, at the 
Royal Agricultural Hall, London. Judging fromthehearty 
support accorded the two previous shows and the larger 
number of extra attractions announced, the management 
should have no doubt as to the ultimate success of the 
venture. The City offices are at 64, Finsbury Pavement, 
and the manager Mr. G. D. Smith. 

~*~ * 


Mr. George Chapman, who has been manager for two 
years at the Lincoln office of the Singer Manufacturing 
Company, has been removed to another position under 
the company. Mr. Chapman's old staff, wishing to show 





and Sewing Machine Gazétte. ae 







their appreciation of the help he had always rendered 
to them under all circumstances, and the advice given 
consistent with the interest of the company, recently 
presented him with a very handsome inkstand, accom- 
panied with their best wishes for his future. Mr. Fulston 
made the presentation on behalf of the depot staff, and 
Mr. Chapman, who was taken by surprise, feelingly 
replied, thanking the men and wishing them success 
under his successor. 

















GOOD GLUE. 
Before we proceed further we must consider the proper 


‘“making ” of the glue. Of course some will say the glue 
is bought ready made; but this is far from the case, as 
the practical man very well knows. Before the glue is 
ready for use it must first be broken up into small pieces 
with the hammer, sufficient being broken to three-parts 
4ll the inner pot; water is then added until full. The 
glue should then be allowed to stand for six or more 
hours, to soften. The outer pot must then have sufficient 
water placed in it to keep the glue from burning, as 
should this occur the whole mass will be spoilt. The. 
glue-pot is then placed upon a fire—or gas-stove by 
preference—and “boiled up.” After boiling some time 
a scum will form upon the surface, and the glue itself 
will boil. During the process of melting the glue must 
be frequently stirred with a stick until it is one unifcrm 
mass. Observe new glue—-that is, when first broken up— 
must not only melt, but the glue itself must boil, or it will 
never be of any use ; but after the first time it will only 
require melting, the glue being then “‘made.’’ Good 
glue should be a nice dark orange colour ; the dark glues 
should be avoided, being common stuff, whilst the very 
pale glues are only necessary for the cabinet-maker for 
fine work. Observe: glue by frequent boiling and keep- 
ing in the pot loses much of its strength, therefore 
enough only should be made to last, say, about a week, 


LAMPBLACK. 

Lampblack is made in the following manner :—The 
first requisite is a receiver to hold the smoke generated 
from a large lamp in which oil or other fatty substance is 
burned, or it may be produced froma kettle of burning 
resin ; but the oil lamp produces the best lampblack and 
the best vegetable oil gives the finest colour and quality of 
pigment. A large cone-topped building, similar to our 
gas receivers, is fitted with a movable interior roof, 
which just fits the inside of the building, and is raised 
and lowered by a rope and pulley from the top. The 
smoke from the burning resin or oil is allowed to enter 
near the bottom, and there is a hole in the roof affording 
a certain amount of draught and allowing the escape of 
lighter portions of the smoke. When a quantity of soot 
is formed in the receiver, the lamp is extinguished, and 
the moveable roof is lowered from the outside to the 
bottom. This scrapes down the large black flakes which 
have adhered to the sides of the receiver, and which, after 
purification by burning and sifting, to remoye what oily 
substance still remains—becomes the lampblack of the 


G. WHALLEY & 60., 


EAGLE IRON WORKS, 
KEIGHLEY. 

















Established 1849. 








= MANUFACTURERS OF 
Washing, Wringing, and 
Mangling Machines. 


2 GOLD MEDALS AND 1 SILVER MEDAL ® = 
AWARDED SINCE 1893. 


NEW LIST ON APPLICATION. 























23> The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


INSTALMENT COLLECTIONS. 

Our esteemed American contemporary, the Sewing 
Machine Times, contains the following article on instal- 
ment collections which many of our readers will no 
doubt peruse with profit :— 

BY MARTIN. 

I beg leave to briefly give my plan of collecting lease 
claims, first remarking that the easiest way to collect any 
debt is to first make a good and careful sale. But as 
that can’t always be done, especially where you employ 
a number of salaried or commission salesmen, then some 
tact must be resorted to. 

I sold machines from a waggon from 1880 to 1889. I 
never in that while lost a machine, never had a law suit, 
and I collected every dollar on all (about 1,340 sales), 
except six that I repossessed. In 18901 spread out like 
Old Specks on a hundred goose eggs, and employed many 
men on various contracts—hence I have had to contend 
with all classes of customers. 

T find this the best plan with lease sales : not to makea 
sale without a good down payment, then stace that each 
payment must be made at the office, and that in default of 
payment promptly, when due, the lessees agree to pay 
lo per cent. on all amounts collected by you or your agent 
after maturity. After this precaution press the collection 
closely and get the doliar; then get the 10 per cent. 
damage, 1f youcan. If you cannot collect the extra to 
per cent. just give a receipt for 90 per cent. on the dollar 
of what you collect. This will impress the customer 
with the importance of coming to the office, and coming 
promptly. 

This is my method of handling note customers: First 
get all you can down. Then don’t give more time for 
the next payment than would be equal to 3.00 dols. 
per month for the amount of that payment. 

For payments on notes give receipts which are printed 
in plain large type, as follows : 

“ Received of John Doe, Ten Dollars (ro dols.) on 
account of his note of (date, amount, etc.), leaving a 
balance of (40 dols.) due, if paid at maturity, at my 
office (give street and number). 

“Tf not paid at maturity, ro per cent., in additicn to 
interest, will be added to that amount. 

“The next payment of (state amount) will be due 
(give date.)” 

[Note by Editor: This form of note, payable in in- 
stalments, is unknown in some territories. It is 
equivalent to a a lease made payable quarterly or at 
some specified long intervals, and usually contains a 
clause giving the seller the title to the machine until 
fully paid for. Without some modification, this corre- 
spondent’s plan would. not apply to any ordinary 
negotiable note, But it is zzsta/ment collections that 
are under discussion. | 

BY TOM. 

The question of instalment collections cannot be too 
often or too thoroughly discussed. It is the very root of 
the profit, or the Icss, as the case may be, of the sewing 
machine business. As Sewing Machine Times has opened 
the subject, I feel at home in offering through its 
columns my opinions, founded on a long experience as a 
collector. 

There is always a right way todo things, but how may 
we find it? By our own dear-bought experience and by 
the more easily acquired knowledge of what others have 
learned already. I will givea leaf from my experience. 

First of all, I think a collector should have a knowledge 
of human nature and possess those qualifications which 
we usually attribute to the good salesman. In selling a 
machine the agent must know how to approach the 
prospective customer. He must be able to discover the 
disposition of the individual with whom he hopes to. do 
business. The successful salesman knows how yital is 
such time—a word sometimes changes everything. 
“ Showing up” a machine is not the only essential in 
making a sale. One must use diplomacy. He must get 
the confidence of his customer, and when he maies a 
statement it must be one that he can stick to and be sus- 
tained in. 

So it is in collecting instalments. The lease system 
of selling machines in many cases involves great expense 
for collecting that might be avoided by the exercise of 
judgment founded on experience. 


FER. 1, 1895. 


In my own experience as a collector I have in mind 
quite a number of suspense accounts which had been 
running for seven, eight, and several of them for ten 
years before they came under my attention. I know 
that what had already been paid on some of these 
accounts was less than the cost of collecting it. Several 
were in country districts, remote from the office. The 
balances ranged from 3 dols. to 15 dols. The lessees 
were in all cases in needy circumstances, and also desery- 
ing of leniency. 

On my first trip to the cases in question I saw that it 
would be an extravagant expenditure to call on them 
monthly. So I arranged with reliable people living in 
the different localities to collect the instalments on a 
strictly commission basis. Usually I would secure the 
services of a Justice of the Peace, landlord of hotel, or 
other business man. I would agree to pay him Io per 
cent. on collections of 3 dols. monthly. On larger 
amounts, 15 per cent., and if the balance could be 
secured on the account within a specified time an extra 
jiwe per cent. would be given on the full balance due at 
the time the account was given for collection. In those 
cases I had little trouble in receiving early settlements, 
as the Justice of the Peace would see the parties some- 
times daily, or at least once a week. Had I called once 
a month the actual expense of making the trips would 
have been a great deal more than the 20 per cent. 
offered for collecting the balances. Then, again, it 
might have been necessary to make several trips to 
collect a small payment. Where it was not possible to 
get all the balance within a certain time a small discount 
would be offered as an inducement to settle. It usually 
was successful in closing up the case. Ofcourse, accounts 
are not all bad, but I mention these bad ones and my 
experience in closing them out as an example of collec- 
tions that paid when any other course would have been 
likely to cause a positive loss, costing much more than 
the returns. 

In any business, and especially the sewing machine 
business, a collector is indispensable. There are debtors 
who will not pay unless drummed, drummed, and 
drummed hard and persistently. The collector must 
know this class when he meets them, for there are others 
who require different treatment. He must know when to 
be lenient, when to accept and when to refuse excuses for 
non-payment. 

Above all things should a collector stick to his ulti- 
matum when he has once stated it. Lessees should 
understand that he does not make idle threats. He must 
not get too intimately acquainted with his lessees. In no 
case should he allow himself to be under obligations to 
any ofthem. A cheerful, kindly disposition and a polite 
demeanour will do more in securing the guineas than all 
the bombast of a ‘‘traveller.”’ 

Jn cases where lessees reside out of town I would offer 
them five per cent. rebate when the account was paid, 
provided payments would be made regularly each month as 
per contract. 

These are a few of my suggestions on the subject, the 
outcome of experience, not only with bad cases such as I 
have instanced, but with prompt payers. I do not wish 
to blow my own horn, as it were, but I know that at the 
end of each week or month I could show a list of collec- 
tions not to be ashamed of, and in the final round-up 
at the close of the year the bad cases had all evaporated. 


GEO. TOWNSEND & 6O., 
SEWING MACHINE 


NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS, 


GIVRY WORKS, REDDITCH, 


Advise the TRADE that they Manufacture none but first quality needles 
for every description of work. Buy no others but those bearing our TRADE 
mark, a WHITE ring on BLUE shank. None genwine but our make. A 
quantity of Shuttles and Fittings in Stock at PRESENT DAY prices. 


London Agent: J. P. ALLEN, 12, WALBROOK, E.C. 
SEND FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES ' 








Frp. i, 1895. — and Sewing Machine Gazette, 29 


THE LEADING FAMILY SEWING MACHINE. 








WHEELER & WILSON’S No. 9, 


“A Thing of Beautv is a Joy for Ever.” 


















































































































































































































THE AGENTS 
BEST WANTED 
‘i WHERE 
| NOT 
RVERY REPRE- 











SENTED, 








































































































































































































































































































































































































Note the New Address: 


«Chief Offices 6,7, 8, 9, 10, & if, Paul St, Finsbury, London, E.¢. 

















30 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 

















Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street 


Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


22,857. J. Finlayson, jun., for improvements relating to the applica- 
tion of cops, spools, balls, or the like to sewing and other machines 
using thread. 

23,013. J. Morrison, for improvements in sewing machines. 

23,014. J. Morrison, for an improved construction of presser foot for 
sewing machines. 

23,042. P. Schiersand, for improvements in and connected with 
embroidery machines. 

23,312. S. Chapman, for an improved button-hole appliance or 
attachment for use in conjunction with ordinary sewing machines. 

23,344. L. L’Hollier, for improvements in mail or go-carts and 
other vehicles. 

23,386. C. C. Beettes, for improvements in adjustment of footboard 
of mail carts. 

23.427. T. J. Roome, 48, Royal Road, Kennington, London, for a 
sewing machine. 

23,5960. E. S. Restieaux, 7, Rodney Road, Neath, for improvements 
in sewing needle threaders. 

23,603. R. Challands, F. W. Pare, and J. H. Smith, for improve- 
ments in and applicable to knitting machines. 

23,920. D. Jones, for improvements in or relating to sewing 
machines. 

SPECIFICATIONS PURLISHED. 


(Price 8d. each.) 


29,214. Sewing Alachines. D. Jones, of Birmingham. 
October 26th, 1893. s 

Refers to improvements in sewing machines of the kind in which a 
continuously revolving looper is employed to form stitches, the objects 
being to simplify the construction of such machines and to admit of 
their being used at will either as Iock-stitch sewing machines or as 
chain-stitch machines. For this purpose a revolving looper is employed 
adapted to engage with a loop of the upper thread carried by the 
needle, and to spread and carry such loop in an open or untwisted 
manner around the supply of under thread, which is carried in a frame 
supported in a bearing formed in or by the revolving looper itself. 

24,311. Latch Knitting Needles. A. Lee and F. W. Pare, of Not- 
tingham. Dated December 18th, 1893. 

The needle has a spring arranged to act upon the latch, and during 
the action of knitting prevent the latch closing the hook, except during 
the passage of the loop over it, as in the process of knocking over and 
also by the rebotind of the latch after the newly-formed loop has 
descended below the saine. 

15,813. Sewzng Machines. F. A. Mills and J. Nundell, both of 
Philadelphia, U.S.A. Dated August 2oth, 1894. 

Relates to sewing machines particularly applicable for sewing boots 
and shoes whereon a curved barked needle operates with a waxed 
thread. The improvements consist in certain novel parts-and combi- 
nation of parts, which can only be intelligibly described by reference 
to drawings, and which form the subject of 49 claims. 

16,385. Thread Cutters for Sewing Machines. J. Y. Johnson, a 
communication from the Willcox & Gibbs Sewing Machine Company, 
of New York, U.S.A. Dated August 28th, 1894. 

The object of the invention is to provide means by which the thread 
is or may be cut when the work is pulled out of the machine, but ata 
point leaving sufficient length of thread projecting through and beyond 
the Jast loop for the latter to hold by. To this end the invention 
consists in combining with the rotary hook or looper a thread cutter 
moving therewith, and placed in such relation to the loop of thread 
as to sever it at the desired point when called into action. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IssUED AND DATED OCTOBER 30TH, 1894. 
528,225, E. H. Harris, Philadelphia, Pa., sewing machine for 
barring button-holes. 
IssUED AND DATED NOVEMBER, 1894. 


528,632. J. A. Groebli, New York, N.Y., fabric moving mechan- 
ism for embroidering machines, 


Dated 


528,782. P. B. Laskey, Marblehead, Mass., sewing machines. 

528,810. lL. E. Salisbury, Providence, R.I., knitting machine. 

528.832. A.Walrath, Little Falls, N.Y., machine fcr sewing on 
buttons. 

528,838. O. Wilson, Philadelphia, Pa., knitting machine. 

528,864. B, M. Denney, Camden, N.J., automatic circular knitting 
machines. 

IssUED AND DaTED NOVEMBER 13TH, 1894. 
529,064. M. T. Denne, Eastbourne, England, sewing machine. 
11,453. T. Kundtz, Cleveland, Ohio, sewing machine table. 


IssUED AND DATED NOVEMBER 20TH, 1894. 


529,579. H. Balbian, North Vassalborough, M.E., method of and 
machine for fulling cloth. 

529,362. W. D. Butz, Norristown, Pa., automatic knitting machine. 

529,415. P. Schoen, Glens Falls, N.Y., cording attachment for 
sewing machines. 

529,416. P. Schoen, guide for two-needle sewing machines. 

529,417. P. Schoen, guide for sewing machines. 

529,418. P. Schoen, hem-stitching attachments for sewing machines. 

529,419. P. Schoen, sewing machine hemmer. 

529,429. P. Schoen, plaiting attachment for sewing machines. 

529,491. G. S. Hill, Bradford, Mass., sewing machine for barring 
and tacking. 


The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 


Fue, 1, 1898. 


520,508. W. H. Stewart, Franklin, N.H., automatic stitch regulating 
mechanism for knitting machines, 

529,509. W. H. Stewart, automatic circular knitting machines. 

529,586. -P. Bralley, Oakland, Cal:, sewing machine needle threader. 

IssUED AND DATED NOVEMBER 27TH, 1894. 

529,769. C. E. Williams, Columbus, Ohio, sock sewing machine. 

529,783. W. G. Cummings and B. A. Munro, McMinnville, Tenn., 
{rimming attachment for sewing machines. 

529,946. J. A. Parsons, Quanah, Tex., quilting frame for sewing | 
machines. 





= 


Failures and Arrangements. 








SELLER & SONS, ironmongers, smiths, &c., Station 
Road, Parkstone. 

A deed of arrangement was filed herein on December 
29th. The unsecured ‘liabilities are given at 
#1,01r 11s, gd., and net assets £700. Among the 
creditors are the White Sewing Machine Company 
Koje LAT 


THOMAS SANDERS, sewing machine dealer, 107, 
Wellington Road, Dudley. 
The above has been adjudicated bankrupt. Liabilities, 
£190 Is. 6d. ; assets, £88 19s. 11d. Among the creditors 
are :— 


; s. d, 
Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company, London ... 163 0 oO 
Lewis, E., Dudley ... oes ore oot cc Ree a) 
Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley... sos ses con) OL © 


Mr. Sanders was publicly examined by Mr. Registrar 
Kettle, atthe Dudley Bankruptcy Court, on the ist ult. 
—Mr. A. G. Hooper represented the bankrupt.—The 
bankrupt said that for several years he acted as agent 
for the Wheeler & Wilson Company, but in 1890 he was 
put upon the footing ofa dealer, with exclusive right in 
that district. Keen competition and the giving by com- 
petitors of better terms than he could afford reduced his 
business until his turnover became insufficient to meet 
his expenses. There were only three trade creditors, and 
the debts owing to the estate were payable by agreement 
in small instalments. During the four years he had sold 
102 machines, and received about 4650. He had 50 
per cent. off the list prices.- His expenses were about £80 
per annum. He started with a capital of £15, andsome 
of his machines sold on the hire system would not be paid 
for under two years. He did not know he was insolvent 
until he was being pressed and he took stock. He sold 
his pony and trap in September for #15. He was then 
trying to. make an arrangement, and his law costs 
amounted to £12.—He was allowed to pass. 


GEORGE STORY, general draper, hosier, and sewing 
machine dealer, 14, Brook Street, Hull. 

A deed of arrangement was filed in the above on January 

19th. Liabilities unsecured, £381 7s. 1d. ; assets, £ 300. 


JOHN PEABODY, cycle and furniture dealer, Wigston 
and Coalville. 

The public examination of this bankrupt took place 
on the gthult., at the Leicester Bankruptcy Court, before 
Mr. Registrar Toller. The statement of affairs disclosed 
unsecured liabilities amounting to £445 1s. 1d., and the 
assets were estimated to produce £146 3s. gd. The 
debtor, in answer to questions put by the Official 
Receiver, said he commenced business about twenty-five 
years ago at Welford, with capital that he borrowed from 
his father, but he paid it back two years afterwards, when 
his wife came into a legacy of £400. He had a list of 
debts amounting to £253, which heestimated would not 
produce more than £8. The debts had been accumu- 
lating for years, and extended over an area of thirty-two 
villages. Henow thought he had been too considerate 
with his customers, some of whom took advantage of 
him. In February last he opened a shop at Coalville 
and put his son in it. He stocked the shop at a cost of 
4150 to £200, and he had only received from his son 
about “ro on account of that shop. He could not say 
where his son was now, but he had no doubt his wife 


knew. 


COUNTY COURT JUDGMENTS were on November 
27th registered against C. W. Vosper, sewing 
machine agent, Ashleigh Road, Barnstaple, for 
£16 2s. gd.; and on November 15th against A. 
W. Etherington, sewing machine agent, 1, Terminus 
Road, Eastbourne, for £12 17s. 2d. 








Marcu I, 1895. 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 
description 
and 

quality, 
to 
suit 
all 

Trades. 


he rai el iat 









and Sewing Machine Gazette. ir 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. tee 


Good Value 
Guarantecd 





London Agent — 


Mr. GEO. PEA TCE 
09, Eolborn 
Viadtct, 








a Es 


(= THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR CO, Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAN. 





The NEW ‘IDEAL’ KNITTER. 


INCREDIBLY 
SIMPLE, 


SPEEDY, AND 
PERFECT. 







Patent Automatic 
Cams and 
Latch Openers. 


I~ 





Hand and Power Knitting Machines. 


THE NEW PATENT “J” MACHINE, 


For Scotch Knickerbocker Hose, in Checks, etc. 


Various other New Features in 





Testimonials from leading Houses—Home and Export. 





Mlustrated Catalogue, Samples, &c.. 


post free on application. 


G. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica St., Glasgow, Leicester Showrooms: 84a, HISH C2053 ST. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—3d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 





(CHEAPEST HOUSE for Sewing Machines, Washing 

and Wringing Machines, Bicycles, Tricycles, Watches, Jewellery, 
Musical Boxes, Pianos, &c. Cash or hire sys'em; exceptionally easy 
terms.—W. Lapthorne & Co, 479, Gloucester Road, Horfield, Bristol. 





VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 

represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 
London, E.C. 





GEWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 

first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 
Glasgow. 





A SPLENDID INVESTMENT FOR SNERGETIC 

MAN.—For Sale, old-established business in Buassinettes, 
Wringing and Sewing Machines, with a splendid connection in Liver- 
pool and suburbs; large weekly takings, can be easily doubled ; will 
besold as a going concern (stock, goodwill, and hire accounts), at one- 
third its value, business float included; high-class cob and dogcait 
optional. Cash £400.—Address, “‘ Bassinette,” c/o Messrs. Sewell & 
Co., 28, Paternoster Row, E.C. 


WANTED, Furniture, Sewing Machines, Musical 

Instruments, Clocks, Bassinettes. Mail Carts, Bicycles, &c., to 
sell on Commission. Good Showrooms.—Universal Supply Agency, 
Bradtord Road, Dewsbury, Yorkshire. 





DOMESTIc MACHINERY . BUSINESS (hire 


system), near Hammersmith, for disposal advantageously, owner 
having another business in country. Well-established connection; 
commanding shop. Upper part of house could be let off to cover rent. 
Principals only treated. —Wr'te, io first place, E.R., 25, Faraday Road, 
North Kensington, London, W. 





MECHANIC, with practical knowledge of all kinds 
of Sewing Machines Cycle Building and Repairing, &c., requires 
situation —Address A, Elliott, 145, Station Road, Ilkesten. 








OOD TRAVELLER, on commission only, for 
London and South of England, to represent good Cycle and 
Sewing Machine Manufaciuring firm. Keen prices and liberal terms. 
Can join this line with other agencies. State experience, connec io, 
references, &c.. to No. 82, Sewing Machine Gazette Office.—A Good 
Traveller also Wanted for the Midlands and Wales. 


a 


ONTINENTAL TRAV ELLER. —Advertiser, speak- 
ing six languages, and acquainted with all the Continental 
sewing machine and cycle dealers, requires berth as traveller. Large 
experience.—Address, ‘‘ Continental,” Sewell & Co., 28, Paternoster 
Row, E.C. 





— 
(See page 32 for other advertisements.) 











“12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Bail 


Marcu 1, 1895. 





THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1S. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—es. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified bythe twenty-fifth of each month. 

Coniributicns,—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for if so arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening cf new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
Supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 

tamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertisements.—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 


In Writing to Us.— Please address all communications either ‘ Publisher,” or 
** Editor,” at the address given below. % 

Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application, 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 

Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of thei 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a// our readers do likewise ? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 

















A discussion has been taking place of | 


As to late in many American trade papers as 
Sole Agencies. to the merits or demerits of sole 
agencies. In this connection the leading 

organ of the piano trade of the United States writes :— 
“Whenever we read that the agency for some well- 
known make of piaro or organ has been transferred from 
one retail house to another we begin to ruminate, and we 
have half come to the conclusion that the territorial 
system isa thing to be avoided. A dealer usually regards 


_ it asa felicitous stroke when he secures the sole agency 
_ fora saleable line of goods, and he immediately goes to 
' work, if he be an energetic fellow, to solidly establish 


them in local favour. After spending much energy and 
money in popularising the goods the maker or importer 
may one day politely inform him that he is not doing 
enough business in them, and that unless he can under- 
take to sell so many more instruments a month he will be 
compelled to transfer the agency to another dealer in the 
district. Now, in many cases the dealer has done his 
utmost to work up the agency into a good thing for him- 
self and for the maker, but, owing to his not being able 
to satisfy the expectations of the latter, he suddenly finds 
himself deprived of the instruments he has pushed before 
all others, and has the mortification of seeing a rival profit 
bythe demand for the goods which his efforts have created. 
It is true that due notice has to be given of the termina- 
tion of an agency, but if the contract has lasted several 


_ years the dealer almost invariably suffers from the loss of 


the agency. How can he expect to convince his customers 
of the superiority of the instruments he substitutes for 
those he formerly handled, when he has been saying for 
years that they are beyond compare? Will he not be a 
persuasive man if he can prevent that customer from 
seeking out the new agent and buying the instrument on 
which he had set his heart ?”’ 

Our contemporary does not answer its question, but 


glances at the matter from the manufacturers’ point of | 


view, and even then it says the advantages are not 
particularly impressive. The manufacturer ‘‘may be 
induced to give the sole agency for his products for a 
term of years to some retail firm on the understandine 
that they will do their utmost for them, and he may find 
that they hold the word of promise to his ear and break 
it to his hope. They may accept other agencies and 
totally neglect his goods. It were then far better for him 
to have appointed no sole agent, but to have sold his 
wares wherever he could.” 

But there is one forcible argument in favour of the sole 
agency system, viz., that the cutting of prices inseparable 
from competition in the same article is thereby prevented. 
But, says our contemporary, it must also be remembered 
that appointing a sole agent means opening a big account, 
A man is safer with gold loose in his pocket than with it 


stuffed in a purse. He may lose a coin or two that way, 
but if his purse goes he loses the lot. 

Summing the question up, we are told that the American 
music trade journal concludes that ‘‘the establishment 
of a sole agency is doubtless under some circumstances 
Hobson’s choice, but where it is avoidable it seems to us 


| both manufacturer and dealer are better off.’’ 


As our readers well know, the American manufac- 
turers as a class object very strongly to placing the 
dealers’ name on their goods—stencilling they call it— 
as though the dealer was the actual maker. This is in 
marked contrast with German firms, who, as a rule, have 
no such objection. Dealers often ask our opinion as to 
which is the wisest course to adopt ; whether to sell a 
known brand of cycle or sewing machine or to try and 
create a trade with a name of their own. This is an 
important question, and one which may be fraught with 
serious consequences. Our advice, then, has always been 
given with extreme caution, and it is for the dealer to sell 
two classes of goods—the own a known brand, and the 
other branded with his own name or marks. 

Some eighteen months ago, through the formation of 
a company which took over cycle agencies which had 
been held by dealers for years, much hardship was inflicted 
upon a number of honest, hardworking cycle agents. 
They had carried all their eggs ina single basket, and thus 
came to grief. It is clearly not wise for the manufac- 
turer to be entirely at the mercy of the agent, and, per 
contra, for the agent to be so much in the power of the 
manufacturer that he can be deprived of a connection 
which has taken years to work up. 

















MACHINE v. HAND-SEWING: 


The Zazlor and Cutter, we stated some few months 
ago, is publishing a series of articles by the well-known 
jabour leader, Mr. Lewis Lyons, which grow in interest 
as they proceed. We gave the first.article in our columns, 
but did not continue the series as we heard that they 
were copyrighted, which was certainly desirable as they 


| fully deserve to be reproduced in bock form. 


In a recent number of our contemporary appears a 
letter criticising the remarks of Mr. Lyons on machine 
versus hand-sewing, which we take the liberty of repro- 
ducing as follows :— 

Mr. Eprror,—Your readers will doubtless greatly 
appreciate the articles now appearing by Mr. Lewis 
Lyons. Something interesting, practical, and instruc- 
tive is certain to come from such an authority on the 
art of machining. None the less—if I may judge 
from the line of argument he has adopted—he will 
probably rouse the combative propensities of no small 
army of “knights of the needle,” and be instrumental 
in bringing about a lively /e/e-a-tefe through the trade 
press. 

It evidently requires no very long-sighted individual 
to see below the surface. of things as represented- in 
the articles which have already appeared. The 
‘“sloppers”’ are evidently striving to their utmost to 
obtain a footing amongst the first-class customers. 
They have succeeded in getting in the thin end of the 
wedge, but whether they will ultimately succeed in 
overthrowing the present system of doing the work 
in ordinary and high-class trades or not is a moot 
question. It is quite time that high-class tailors ‘ quit 
themselves like men” in this direction, by defending 
their position in showing their imcomparable difference 
between honest English tailoring and slopping. The 
enemy is advancing with giant strides, and ere long, if 
the public are not acquainted with the facts, will weaken 
our ranks, and, practically speaking, ruin the present 
standard of genuine tailoring. Many have been the 
futile attempts to prove machine work equal, aye, 
superior to hand work, and now here we have Mr. Lyons 


| holding up before us a machine breast pocket ‘‘ so smooth 
| that it looks as if it had been painted on the forepart,” 
| and telling us that “before long even in high-class 


trades the necessity for hand-sewing will haveceased.” It 





Marcu 1, 1895- 


is not my intention to question his statements concerning 
the grand feats that can be accomplished with the machine, 
for I know full well what can and what cannot be done 
with the machine. The question open for discussion is : 
Is a machine-made garment equal to one made by hand ? 
It requires a person well acquainted with turning out 
garments as they should be to answer this question. The 
verdict of one qualified to answer would be an emphatic 


“ No.” 
We willir. the first place look at it from 


THE STANDPOINT OF STRENGTH. 
Here the machine is altogether defeated, there being 
no comparison whatever. Take for imstance a coat 
edge of any close-made material ; whilst the hand sew- 
ing is all perfectly hid, without cne stitch showing, 
the machining is exposed to all the rubbing it is sure to 
come in contact with. Again in the case of seams, 
hand-sewing is altogether superior, inasmuch as hand- 
sewing has the greatest amount of elasticity—the 
formation of the stitch admits of this. Consequently 
hand-sewing is the best where there is any strain on 
the work. It is also thinnest ; a seam sewn by hand is 
the nicest to press. And tell me, I pray, what seam 
there is in either coat or trousers that does not come 
in direct contact with a considerable amount of strain. 
Is it that Mr. Lyons has had but little or no experience 
in work that requires strength? It would be well for 
him to put his knowledge to the test in a thorough 
hunting district; he would then have the chance to 
see what a miserable failure his machining would be, 
even if in strength alone. Consider what kind of 
sewing is required in a pair of breeches. A beauti- 
fully sewn seam with double thread well twisted is 
the correct thing, and nothing else will suffice ; con- 
sequently the machine may again take a back seat. 
Then, again, what about the tops of leg seams, sew- 
ing on of bearers, seat-pieces, and closings of trousers? 
I have often heard it remarked that ‘‘ twice sewing with 
the machine is as strong as double thread by hand.’ 
Away with such a falsification of truth, for it is not every 
class of material that will stand this thick, clumsy, stiff 
double sewing. Many materials it will split all to pieces. 
Remember, I am speaking of honest English tailoring. 
Again, take a pair of woollen cord breeches, is it not the 
correct thing to prick the seams with double thread and 
also to sew a strip of linen in the seam? We must not 
forget that good firms in the country have these garments 
to make. The “iron man” is of no use whatever to 
such garments as these, unless it is in the case of ‘‘tops,”’ 
&c. Take the question of tacks into consideration. 
By hand a good thick pricking thrice is the correct thing 
and not a stich showing. But if the machine runs over 
the first sewing anything but an artistic appearance is the 
result. What about the “nicely finished breast pocket ” 
now ? How often do we see breast pockets put in by 
the machine torn down into the forepart after but a little 
wear ? In fact any other tack where strength is needed 
—to wit, a fork tack of a pair of trousers. So we might 
goon at a great length, in fact no place to leave off can 
be defined. 
But it is claimed by those who know no better, by 
those who do not understand hand-sewing, that 
MACHINING IS ‘‘ MORE ARTISTIC.” 


Let us see by looking at it fair and square. Examine 
a beautifully flat braided edge done by hand; notice 
the cushes how square; minutely inspect it and 
opserve that not a stitch is to be seen; what a beautiful 
soft curl the edge (braid) has; simply glued on. I 
recollect not long since offering a master tailor as he 
stood examining a flat-braided coat of my own building, 
five shillings for every stitch he could find in the 
braid. ‘‘ Marvellous!’ was his remark, “it seems that 
one would have to search pretty close to find even one.”’ 
Here is a feat in hand-sewing that altogether eclipses 
that of anything the machine is capable of. But what 
about a machine flat-braided edge? Behold the outer 
edge—in fact to cut it short, behold the slopped, inferior 
appearance altogether ; it needs no comment, it condemns 
itself. Next: Ah! here is a bound edge frock-coat. 
How nice and steady the edges are, how beautiful and 
thin too. You may depend upon it the maker knew how 


to prepare his edges prior to putting on the binding, 
paring away the canvas, putting on of staytape, &c. Do 
you notice, ‘Mr. Slopper,” I said “‘staytape”? And 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 13 


take particular notice that the cushes are all turned the 
correct way, namely ‘down.’ Iam _ positive those 
sloppers could not put in such thick, clean, and beauti- 
ful felling as we see here in the lining; no, certainly 
not, because they are not used to doing things that 
way. And what soft shoulders, and yet see the grace 
in connection with its sweetness. What a splendid art 
our trade is. Oh, how different to a stlff, lifeless coat 
made by the machine. Yes, ‘‘ nasty” is the word for 
the machine coat. 
‘* Behold yon vest, a perfect fit, 
No uN eae betes rs , “Ss y 
Such graceful collar, shoulder: ma > : 
The ates, ah ! so clean and trap? aan Ra 
Could the iron but speak, ’two 
The care wrought on that neat 
The welts so square, the cushes 
The holes are all the hand can do.y 
Ne’er did the female hand impart 
To vest such true, such perfect art ; 
Such grace, such form, to stand the test, 
A work of art, even in a vest.” 

Such are the acclamations of the intelligent trades- 
man when his eyes rest upon anything in connection 
with his trade that is well-nigh perect. His appre- 
ciative faculties are brought into action, and he beholds 
in it the work of an artist. But how often is this garment 
(the vest) ill-treated ? Aye, the machine has brought 
this tasty little garment to its present neglected state. 
Those who make these garments by machine never take 
the care required over them they should. Nay. “Slap 
it together and get the job done as soon as possible,” is 
their motto, but art always suffers under such circum- 
stance. 

Hand-sewing, if done as it should be, is altogether 
head and shoulders above the machine; and it is our 
duty to let the public know it. To point out the 
difference. A garment beautifully made by hand is 
worth a dozen machined ones. It has a richer, softer 
and more elegant appearance altogether. The hand 
can turn out a garment with such “ form”’ that the 
machine will never be able to touch. With all the 
sloppers may say to the contrary, machining is but a 
clumsy imitation of the real thing after all, and will for 
ever remain so. When I say “clumsy imitation,” I am 
not alluding to the form of the stitch, but the softness 
and elasticity of hand-sewing, although the inability of 
the machine to form the ‘‘ private stitch’ might also be 
included. Iam not speaking without a knowledge of 
the machine, for I have spent years in the West End, and 
have also worked with the same machines as Mr. Lyons, 
and have examined no end of the best of that class of 
trade. Again, it would take a pretty smart machinist to- 
defeat me in that particular branch. 

Hence the absurdity of the notion that hand-sewing 
will become a thing of the past. Such language is an. 
insult to the whole profession. In closing I will remark 
that Iam a long way from being prejudiced against the 
machine, for I know its value in the case of side-bodies, 
thick materials, such as box coats, &c., in which it is a 
great boon to the trade. Apologising for trespassing to 
such an extent, 








p 


Tam, yours, &c., 
FLETCHINNI. 


TAE MERCHANDISE MARKS ACT. 


The importers of sewing machines have found the 
Merchandise Marks Act not a little puzzling, and innumer- 
able have been the stoppages of consignments, often for 
causes which appear trivial in the extreme. It should be 
remembered thatthe object of the Act was not to cause all 
imports to be ear-marked with the country of origin—as 
no marks at all are necessary —but its purpose is to prevent 
articles of foreign manufacture going into consumption 
with an appearance of British origin. Thus, if an 
importer of sewing machines cares to import these 
articles without any name whatever upon them he has 
nothing to fear from H.M. Customs. Should he prefer 
to use a name on the machine then the authorities hold 
that the public may be deceived, and accordingly they 
expect the goods to bear marks showing the country of 
origin. 

Many British merchants are of opinion that the Mer- 
chandise Marks Act has done an incalculable injury to the 
tradeof thiscourtry, but,on theother nand, therearemanu- 
facturers who want to make the Act even more stringent 


A <a 
SENT OFFIC’ 4 


ss 








3-5 


“14 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Marcu 1, 1895. 





by insisting upon every article imported being marked 
with the country of origin. 

Apropos of this question Musical Opinion contains the 
following from its Leipzic correspondent :—The Germans, 
as may be imagined, are up in arms against their consul 
at Birmingham, Mr. Lidner, for his suggestion (in the 
Daily Post, in connection with the Merchandise Marks 
Act) to levy protective duties on imported goods. As 
was anticipated by many, the effect of the Act appears to 
have been, instead of protecting home produce, to open 
fresh fields to German industry. This was also the case 
with the “source of origin”? blunder. England, until 
some thirty to forty years ago, had, practically, the 
monopoly of coal, iron, and cotton and their products. 
This brought them customers from all parts ofthe world, 
and made of her a general emporium. She knew where 
to buy that which she did not make herself. Then came 
free trade, instead of reciprocity, combined with the rise 
of wages. Sugar, for instance, was made duty free and 
unconditional. Foreign states granted export bounties, 
the trade was ruined, and thousands were thrown out of 
employment. Foreign nations were encouraged to open 
tines and to start new industries, largely with English 
capital. England’s monopoly was broken ; nevertheless, 
owing to her command of capital, she managed to remain 
to a certain extent the world’s purveyor, or, at worst, the 
world’s broker. Then came the “made in Germany” 
mistake. Customers found out that Germany made (for 
English order) a number of different articles. Their eyes 
were opened. They went direct to the makers, who, in 
their turn, sent out travellers all over the world and 
England lost even her brokerage commission. And now, 
to help German trade still more, comes on the Marks Act, 
which the Germans also possess since October 1st, 1894. 
Free trade advocates quote export returns in order to show 
by “figures” how tradeis swfposed to have gained from 
time totime. These figures are as misleading as wills 0’ 
the wisp! Let anybody study the files of the English 
Bankruptcy Courts since free trade became the fashion, 
and note the liabilities scheduled from time to time by 
consignment merchants as against the dividends paid by 
their estates. Everybody who has had even a small busi- 
ness experience will allow that during the last twenty 
years millions of pounds sterling must be deducted from 
the nominal value of exports before the real value thereof 
is ascertained. The fact that one leading London bank 
wrote half a million sterling off of one year’s balance-sheet 
in respect of one consignment merchant’s failure is proof 
enough of the unreliability of export returns; for so long 
as foreign (and English) banks continue to make advances 
tothe tune of 75 per cent. on consignments, so long will 
a large proportion thereof continue to be “ salted ” up to 
the tune of 30 per cent. Some twenty years ago, there 
lived a dealer in Swiss watch works in Hatton Garden, 
who was smart enough to sell his wares (as ‘‘consignment 
padding ’’) for cash, and whom it paid to employ agents 
at the Cape of Good Hope, in Australia, &c., in order to 
buy up, for re-sale, hisauctioned goods. Mr. Lidner may 
be an unpatriotic German, but he is, at all events, an 
honest, outspoken recogniser and adviser in respect of 
England’s mistaken policy. Fair trade (reciprocity) is 
fair play. Free trade is the suicidal policy of “ cive all 
and take nothing” ; and this policy secures*us no thanks 
from Germany, who continues to describe Eneland’s 
colonising and every other policyas the perfection of all 
that is selfish and perfidious. If one may accept the 
average German’s assurance wzthowt the traditional orain 
of salt, the gentle-minded Teuton only colonises—and 
slays the obstructive native, just as the English do—out 
of pure humanity. Humbug is tenacious to life! But 
that the Merchandise Marks Act tends to put acheck 
on dishonest competition and unprincipled imitation 
cannot be denied. Were it combined with reciprocity in 
cays of duties it would proye a decided boon to English 
trade. 





ON DISPARAGING A RIVAL’S GOODS. 


Among the questions we are asked from time to time 
by our readers is, How far is it lawful to g0, in praising 
one’s own goods in comparison with those of another 
trader, This is a difficult question to decide, but during 
the past month the House of Lords has given an instruc- 
tive decision in a case of an extraordinary character. It 





arose in an appeal from an order of the Court of Appeal 
reversing a decision of Mr. Justice Romer. The respon- 
dent was Mr. Gustav Mellin, the proprietor and manufac- 
turer of a food for infants known as ‘“ Mellin’s Infant 
Food.” ‘The appellant, Mr. Timothy White, is a chemist, 
carrying on business in Portsmouth and the neighbour- 
hood, and has been in the habit of selling, amongst other 
articles, the respondent’s food. Besides carrying on the 
business of a chemist, the appellant is also the proprietor 
of another food, which is called ‘‘ Dr. Vance’s Food for 
Infants and Invalids,” and when retailing the respen- 
dent’s food to customers he has been in the habit of - 
pasting upon some of the wrappers of the packets of 
Mellin’s food as well as upon other articles he sold labels 
ef his own containing the following :—“ Notice.—The 
public are recommended to try Dr. Vance’s Prepared 
Food for Infants and Invalids, it being far more nutritious 
and healthful than any other preparation yet known.” 
On this fact becoming known to the respondeut he insti- 
tured proceedings in Chancery for an injunction to 
restrain the appellant, amongst other things, from selling 
his food otherwise than under the original labels or 
wrappers. The matter came before Mr. Justice Romer, 
who dismissed the action with costs. The Court of 
Appeal, however, set aside that judgment and ordered a 
new trial. 

The House of Lords haye unanimously decided against 
Mr. Mellin, and in giving judgment the Lord Chancellor 
said that there could be no doubt the respondent was 
annoyed by what the appellant had done, but the question 
was whether the act complained of amounted to an 
actionable wrong. Mr. Justice Romer, when he dismissed 
the action, expressed his opinion that the advertisement 
or label was a mere “ puff” by the appellant of his par- 
ticular goods, and that White’s conduct did not amount 
to a trade libel, and, therefore, did not give any legal 
claim to the respondent for an injunction or damages. 
The Court of Appeal were not satisfied with the evidence 
that had been given, and Mr. Justice Romer having 
decided the case on the respondent’s evidence, they 
ordered a new trial in order that the appellant’s evidence 
should be heard. The learned Judges of the Court of 
Appeal seemed to be of opinion that in order to maintain 
the action it was necessary to prove that the appellant had 
disparaged the respondent’s goods and that such dis- 
paragement had caused and resultedindamage. Theonly 
statement made by the appellant was that his food was 
more nutritious and healthful than any other article of 
that kind at present offered to the public. That was a 
general statement applicable, not to the respondent’s food 
alone, but to all other foods of that kind then on the 
market. By attaching his own label to the respondent’s 
goods, it might be said that the appellant disparaged 
those goods by asserting that they were not as good as his 
own. ‘hat gave rise to this question—Had the respon- 
dent proved that this disparaging statement had injured 
or was reasonably calculated to injure his business? On 
that point there was an absence ofevidence. The respon 
dent-had not stated that he had sustained any injury, or 
that the act he complained of was of such a nature as was 
reasonably calculated to injure him. It was therefore 
impossible to say, in the absence of such evidence, 
whether damage could be considered as a likely or neces- 
sary consequence to result from the affixing of such a 
label. For hisown part, he fel: considerable doubt, and 
should hesitate before taking such a view. Advertise- 
ments of this kind were of every-day occurrence and 
were, in fact, of the common description used in puffing 
proprietary articles. No doubt an action would lie for 
falsely disparaging another man’s goods where special 
damage resulted ; but in the present case it was not 
proved or even pretended that serious damage had 
resulted. In the case of Evans v. Harlow (decided in the 
QOueen’s Bench Division in 1844) Lord Denman said that 
if such actions would lie where special damage was not 
alleged and proved a wide door would be opened to litiga- 
tion, and the Courts would be constantly occupied in 
trying the superior merits of rival productions. In this 
way the Courts would be turned into a machinery for 
advertising rival productions by pronouncing judicial 
decisions on the merits of the articles so submitted to 
them. For these reasons he came to the conclusion that 
the judgment of Mr. Justice Romer was right, and must 
be restored. 





Marcu 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 





From this decision it would appear that to succeed in 
a case of the above character a trader is compelled to 
prove that actual damage is done through the disparage- 
ment. 


THE TRADE NAME QUESTION. 

No trade, probably, has been troubled so much as the 
sewing machine trade with the question as to what really 
is the law astotrade names. Like the poor, it is always 
with us, and, beyond doubt, the real question which a 
would-be user of an old trade name should ask himself is 
“Why do Iwish to use the name?” If the honest 
answer is ‘‘ Because I can then get some of the originators’ 
trade,” clearly, the appropriation of the name is morally 
wrong, and the person so offending may reasonably 
expect to be stopped fom injuring the original user. 

In a recent number of Kemp's Mercantile Gazette 
appears an interesting article on the subject of trade 
names, and although to a large extent we agree with the 
writer, we consider that he over-estimates the value of 
trade marks. The public, we feel certain, can never be 
educated to a full knowledge of the exact characteristics 
of any firms’ trade mark. What they can reasonably be 
expected to do is to remember a word but not the device 
which usually surrounds it. 

Messrs. Lloyd & Co., of the Borough, recently tried to 
register the word “‘ Bambooba,”’ but the authorities refused 
their application on the ground that bamboo, a word in 
common use, formed two-thirds of the name it was 
required to protect. Messrs. Lloyd then substituted the 
word ‘‘Bamlouba,” which was accepted. Clearly, then, 
the only course open toa firm is to coin a fancy wood and 
not to depend upon a well-known word confined in a 
circle or accompanied by some other geometrical device. 
There is nothing like a single word, standing alone, as 
the fancy name of an article, but our readers must 
fully understand that a foreign word will not be accepted 
by the authorities; it must be an absolutely new 
word. 

We follow on with Aemp’s article :— 

The question how far a manufacturer can acquire au 
exclusive right to the use of terms of description, as 
applied to the goods he makes, apart from any trade mark, 
and independent of any fraud in the party copying his 
description, was carefully considered by the Court of 
Appeal in the recent case about ‘“ Camel-hair Belting,” 
Reddaway v. Banham (7Zzimes, 19th December). The 
action was brought by the plaintiff for an injunction to 

* restrain the defendant from continuing to use the word 
‘*Camel’’ in such a manner as to deceive purchasers into 
the belief that they were buying “camel-hair”’ belting of 
the plaintiffs’ manufacture. The facts really material 
are very simple, and can be shortly stated. The plaintiffs 
have been making this belting for machinery since 1879, 
and they have sold it as “ Reddaway’s Camel-hair Belt- 
ing.” They advertised it largely, and acquired a high 
trade reputation for the article. So much so that it may 
be taken as proved that customers [asking for ‘‘ camel- 
hair belting,” especially in India, meant the plaintiffs’ 
goods. The defendant, who had been a workman in the 
plaintiffs’ service, left them, and madea similar belting, 
also of camel-hair, which he advertised and sold as “ Ban- 
ham’s Camel-hair Belting.” There was no evidence of 
fraud against the defendant, and nothing to show that he 
ever pretended it was of the plaintiffs’ manufacture. But 
then the point arose that, if the defendant was really 
selling his goods to purchasers who intended to buy the 
plaintiffs’, could he be stopped by injunction? At the trial, 
before Mr. Justice Collins anda jury, the plaintiffs suc- 
ceeded ; but the Court of Appeal, after taking time to 
consider, have set this aside, and found in favour of the 
defendant, upon a broad ground of principle. 

The Master of the Rolls, in his very clear judgment, 
laid it down as decided law that a man might obtain a 
right independent of pattern or trade mark, to 
prevent another from coming into his market and 
taking away his trade by using his trade 
name or the description of his goods, and it 
would not be necessary to prove any intent to doso on 
the part of the person so using that name, nor any fraud 
in the way of deceiving purchasers. That generaliprinciple 
had often been enforced, and quite recently the House of 
Lords, in the “Stone Ale”’ case, where it was held that 
ale, made by the plaintiffs at a place called Stone, and 





sold as Stone ale, had been so identified with them that 
the words had acquired a secondary meaning as descrip- 
tive of the plaintiffs’ ale, so that no one else, even though 
brewing at Stone, could be allowed to sell ale by that 
name. This wasthe authority upon which the present 
plaintiffs mainly relied, and it was argued for them that 
they had acquired a similar right to the word “camel,” 
as used in the name ‘‘ Camel-hair Belting.” But the Court 
of Appeal, while admitting this general principle, held 
that there was an important exception, which was, that 
the Court could not grant an injunction at the suit of one 
person against another to prevent the latter from telling 
the simple truth. A man, for instance, was entitled to 
use and trade in his own name, and although by so doing 
he might take some business away from another, still he 
was entitled to tell the truth. This was decided in the 
case about Burgess’s Essence of Anchovies, where the 
owner of that well-known article failed to get an injunc- 
tion against a man also named Burgess, who sold 
the same thing ; and there are other decisions to the same 
effect. 

Applying this principle to the case before them, the 
Lords Justices held that the defendant was entitled to 
call his goods ‘‘ Camel-hair Belting,’ because they were 
made of camel-hair, in the same way as were those of the 
plaintiffs. He had the right to imitate the plaintiffs’ 
belting, and even to beatthem out of the market, if he 
could. In such competition there would be nothing 
wrong, and in using the name of “‘ camel-hair ” the defend- 
ant had only told the truth. In other words, no trader 
could get a monopoly in words which merely described 
the article he made, and thus he could not prevent any 
other trader, who made the same article, from selling it 
under the same trade name. Of course, if a rival trader 
acted fraudulently, as, for instance, by getting up his goods 
tolookiike those of another, and so to deceive the purchas- 
ing public, he could be prevented by aninjunction. But, 
apart from this, the mere fact that the customers may 
have bought one man’s goods believing they were made 
by another would not, of itself, be conclusive. If the 
term “ camel-hair ” had beenonlya fancy name for belting, 
made of something else, then this exception would not 
haveapplied. That seems asomewhat strange result, for 
it was practically admitted that, as a matter of fact, the. 
plaintiff had acquired a reputation for this kind of belting 
under this name, of which the defendant, by imitating 
the manufacture, and using the same name, must get some 
advantage. Still, the principle that no trader can possibly 
get a monopoly in the use of such ordinary words of 
description is sound and unanswerable, while the case 
shows the utility of trade marks and fancy trade names 
in business matters. 

The Law Fournal, in dealing with this subject, says :— 
Notwithstanding the express prohibition which appears 
to have been intended by section 77 of the Patents, 
Designs, and Trade-marks Act of 1888, and the corre- 
sponding section of the Act of 1875, it is now clear that 
any trade-mark which could have been protected from 
infringement before the Acts can still be protected by an 
action for damages or an injunction, and this although it 
is neither registered nor capable of registration. It is usual 
to describe actions relating to unregistered marks as 
‘passing off’ instead of “ infringement ”’ actions, and to 
refer to the marks as the “ tradenames” instead of the 
“ trade-marks ” of the goods, but these are mere verbal 
distinctions. The trade-name of goods, if used upon or in 
connection with the goods, is a trade-mark. The law. 
determining the rights which exist in regard to it is the 
old law settled in respect to trade-marks in the Court of 
Chancery, and this is now frequently recognised by the_ 
use of the term “common law trade-mark.” 

This position having been reached, the old controversy 
as to what is capable of being a trade-mark, where there 
is no question of registration, and where, consequently, 
the requirements of the Acts as to essential particulars do 
not apply, has again become important. The question is 
mainly, or wholly, restricted to cases of word-marks. To 
be entitled to protection the plaintiff in an action must 
show that the word he claims is the distinctive name or 
mark of his goods. It must not be a mere descriptive 
word. But although at first sight it appears to be a 
descriptive word, the plaintiff may show that it is, in fact, 
so understood as to be distinctive—that it has a 
“secondary distinctive meaning.” 














era The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


THE EARLY CLOSING OF SHOPS. 


A Billhas been introduced into the House of Commons 
of great-importance to tradesmen. Its provisions are as 
follows :— 


(1) Ifan application in writing is served on the local 
authority of any district, praying that, as regards 
all shops, or any class of shops within the district, 
or any part of the district, belonging to any class 
or classes not mentioned in the Schedule to this 
Act, an order may be made for the closing of such 
shops on each day or any specified day or days of 
the week at such hour or hours, not earlier than 
the hours hereafter in this section mentioned, as 
may be specified in the application, and if the local 
authority are satisfied that the application is signed 

' by not less than two-thirds in number of the accu- 
piers of shops within the district belonging to the 
class or to each of the classes to which the applica- 
tion relates, the local authority may, if they see 
fit, make an order giving effect to the application. 

(2) The hour to be fixed for the closing of shops in pur- 
suance of this section may on any onespecified day 
of the week be any hour not earlier than ove 
o'clock in the afternoon, but save as aforesaid shall 
not on any day be earlier than szx o’clock in the 
evening. 

_ The order may be revoked at any time on the appli- 

cation of more than one-third of the owners of shops 

affected. 
The only persons at present exempted are chemists.— 

Ep. Sewzng Machine Gazette. 








THE AFFAIRS OF MR. W. ROTHWELL. 


In our last issue we reported the examination of Mr. William 
Rothwell, hosiery manufacturer and knitting and sewing 
machine dealer, by the Deputy-Registrar, at the Bolton Bank- 
ruptey Court. The examination was resumed on the 14th ult., 
when the following transpired :— 

Mr. Addleshaw first examined the debtor as to his insurance 
policies, one for £2,000 and the other for £1,000, one in the 
Prudential Life Office, and the other in the Temperance and 
General Provident Institution, He had no other policies. One 
of the two was taken out in the name of his wife, and the other 
was transferred to her about two years ago—in April or May 
of 1893. 

It was transferred within two years of your bankruptcy ?— 
Yes, 

‘Are you sure you have no other policies?—I am certain, 
except ‘a small policy taken out 20 years ago, which lapsed 
seven or eight years back. 

Have you parted with any) property during the past 12 months ? 
~ —I have sold the equity in Hollywood and the loan moneys. 

What is that ?—It is at Parr’s Bank on behalf of the over- 
draft of the Rothwell Hosiery Company. 

When did the sale take place?—The 4th December last to 
Mr. Sellers, of Keighley. 

What was the consideration paid for it ?—£500. 

Was it sold subject to the mortgage ?—Yes. 

Did you receive the consideration money in cash ?—Yes. 

What became of it?—I paid my debts with it and the rest 
I lived upon. 

What debts did you pay out of it?—I can’t remember. 

In December last you sold your house called Hollywood, a 
debt of £3,000 which you had transferred to Mr. Dunn, and 
£1,500 loan money in the Rothwell Hosiery Company, for the 
sum of £500?—No, the equity of £500 after the debt of the 
Rothwell Hosiery Company is paid. 

What will have to be paid before it goes to the purchaser ? 
—I do not know. 

In reply to further queries, debtor said he valued his house 
at £3,000, and he had spent £1,400 upon it. He was questioned 
as to whether he considered the debt of £3,000 transferred from 
the William Rothwell Company a good debt, and replied that 
it ought to be, but whether it was would be difficult to tell. 

You sold in addition to the £3,000 a sum of £1,500 owing by 
the Rothwell Hosiery Company, and the debts as well, for 
£500, subject to the claim of Parr’s Bank ?—Yes, 

What was the name of the purchaser?—Mr. Sellers, of 
Keighley, a gentleman with whom I had done business some 
years ago. I went to him and asked him to purchase property 
from me. When I left the company at the end of October all 
the money I had in the world was £3 15s. There was £500 
due to me in the Rothwell Hosiery Company as salary, but I 
refused to take it. I found that I must have somethine to 
carry on with, and at the same time I had a lot of little debts 
that wanted paying. I had nothing else to sell only this, and 
T sold it. i 

Did you make any arrangement with the purchaser as to 
re-purchase by you?—No. 

Why did you enter property in your statement of affairs 
without disclosing the fact that it had been disposed’ of 2— 
There was no need to disclose the fact. I sent ont to the 
Fe) Receiver all the property I had and all the interest I 
nad. 





Marcu 1, 1895. 


Have you accounted for £500 in your cash account? I have not 
kept the books myself; my nephew has kept them. I do not 
know what is in the books. 

Look at the book and see if £500 is entered or not.—I do 
not think there is anything entered since November. 

Will you tell me how you disposed of it; the names and 
addresses, and the amount paid?—I shall have to take time 
for that. 

Mr. Addleshaw: The Official Receiver has not heard one 
word about this, and the trustee has not heard one word about 
it. We have all been under the impression that this propert; 
was still vested with Mr. Rothwell. I won’t say what I think 
about the transaction, but we are determined to probe it to the 


bottom. I want to know how it was disposed of ?—The 
Receiver has it. I cannot give the names. There are a lot of 
them. 


Mr. Dickson said Mr. Rothwell had offered to keep any 
appointment with a view to giving information. 

Mr. Rothwell: The books have not been entered up since 
November, and this is in December. How could we make any 
entry when we were in the hands practically of the ‘Receiver, 
and the books were handed over to the trustee? 

Mr. Addleshaw: Did you dispose of this property after the 
execution had been {issued against you?—I disposed of the 
property before the receiving order was made. 

But after the bankruptcy notice?—I cannot remember the 
dates. 

Is it not a fact that the petition was filed against you or 
the Ist December ?—It must have been. 

When did you enter into a contract with the purchaser, or 
was there a contract with the purchaser?—I went over to 
Keighley and saw the purchaser towards the end of November, 
and I arranged this matter and came back and completed it. 

Did you go there in consequence of the bankruptcy notice 
which had been served upon you?—No. 

Had you in fact been served with a bankruptcy notice at 
that time ?—I don’t think so. 

You were served with a bankruptcy notice on the 25th 
November. Was your journey to Keighley after that date ?— 
I cannot tell you. 

Have you disposed of any other property?—No, not to my 
knowledge. 

Are you quite sure that you did not dispose of certain 
cottage property ?—I never had any cottage property. I have 
no interest in the Hollins Hey Farm, 

That is, you have let it at the same rent you paid. I asked 
you about two bills of exchange which were in the hands of 
Parr’s Banking Commany, and you stated that these were 
accommodation bills wud that the bank knew at the time they 
received them that they were accommodation bills. I understood 
you to say they did not give value for them. Was that 
what you intended to say when you were last examined ?—I 
said that the Rothwell Hosiery Company had received in the 
first place the benefits of those bills, and that the William 
Rothwell Company received in return accommodation from the 
Rothwell Hosiery Company, and they had in a shape some 
advantage by it. 

Did you say when last examined that the manager of Parr’s 
Bank knew that those were accommodation bills when they 
were handed to him?—I do not think I said so. 

Did the manager of Parr’s Bank know they were accommoda- 
tion bills or not ?—I believe he did all along. 

Did you tell him they were accommodation bills?—I must 
have done. I cannot tell you just what I said four years ago, 
Parr’s Bank don’t question but what they were accommodation 
pills. 

Mr. Addleshaw : They do question it. I findin the balance- 
sheet of William Rothwell & Co., ‘£431 13s. 10d. machinery 
supplied to the Bolton Technical School.” Is that machinery 
now at the Technical School ?—I don’t know. 

Did you know it was in the balance-sheet as an asset ?— 
No; but if must be if you say it is. 

Was a certain quantity of machinery sold to the Technical 
School ?—No, it was given to them by me. 

On your own responsibility ?—No, the directors all consulted 
about it. You have a minute on the book with reference 
to ib. 

The trustees tell me there is not one. 

If you gave this machinery of the value of £431 13s. 10d. to 
the ‘echnical School, how is it that in the yearly balance- 
sheet of William Rothwell & Co. you put down this amount 
as an asset, with the footnote ‘‘to be depreciated ?”—I cannot 
tell you straight off: I should have to investigate it. 

If this machinery was given away, and yet appeared as an asset, 
the balance-sheet would be false because it would misrepresent 
the position of the company ?—I never had anything to do with 
the making out of balanee-sheets, but I thoroughly believed they 
were correct and truthful. This machinery had to be depreciated. 

It was given away ; why should it be depreciated? Is it not 
a false balance-sheet to the extent of this £431 18s. 10d.?—TI 
cannot tell you from memory. If I have time I can explain 
the matter. 

The debtor was subjected to a cross-examination as to the 
formation of the William Rothwell Company, Limited. He was 
to receive £50 half-yearly and 15 per cent. of the net profits, 
For some years dividends varying from 17 to 6 per cent were 
paid, but from 1892 they had heavy losses. 

The Court then adjourned for luncheon. 

On resuming after the luncheon interval, Mr. Registrar <A. 
T. Holden took the chair. Mr. Addleshaw continued his examina- 
tion of the debtor, who admitted that when the heavy loss was 
reported in March, 1894, the shareholders appointed a committee 
to investigate, upon which he issued acireular to the committee. 


In this circular he said he found an opinion prevailing that he ¥ 


Marcu 1, 1895; 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 


17 





had derived extraordinary benefits from the company, and he 
therefore submitted the leading facts of the case. He turned 
over everything without charging a penny for goodwill. For 
the first three years he spent half his time in travelling on 
behalf of the company, but paid all his own expenses. In six 
years he only received for expenses £352, and his commission 
and salary amounted to £5,763 9s. lld., making a total of a 
little over £6,000. This was left in the company, and taken in 
shares. He told the shareholders he was prepared to give back 
£13,600 of his shares, or £7,600 more than he ever received from 
the company, so that besides giving nine years’ services he was 
prepared to make the company a present of £7,600. : 

Does the letter correctly represent your position with the 
company ?—I believe it does. 

Is it not a fact that between 1886 and 1894 you drew out of 
the company in cash £25,354 10s. 5d.2?—I cannot tell you. 
The only way which I can answerit is thatit was for machinery 
which was exchanged in the mill when the company took it over. 
The machinery had all been booked in my name, and the com- 

any paid for it in myname. It is only a book transaction. I 
fare not had the money. The Union Bank found the money 
for the machinery, and when the company took it over the 
Union Bank got paid, but I was simply the means or the 
handle to pay it. 

Do you say you have received £25,354 in cash or not?—I 
cannot say. I have not got the books. 

Mr. Addleshaw : I am informed that in one shape or another 
Mr. Rothwell got out of the company over £36,000. I want Mr. 
Rothwell to account for that amount, 

Mr. Rothwell said he could not say from memory what he 
had withdrawn. 

The loss reported in March, 1894, replied the debtor to 
further interrogatories, was from £24,000 to £25,000. Up to 
that time he had been credited with his 15 per cent. In 
August of that year an agreement was entered into whereby he 
sacrificed £2,700 commission on profits, and accepted as manag- 
ing director a salary varying from £1,000 to £1,500 per annum 
in lieu of his previous remuneration. 

Can you tell me why such an extraordinary document was 
entered into in a company that was losing from £24,000 to 
£25,000 ?—It was against my will that it was entered into at 
all. I offered to wipe out half the deficiency out of my own 
shares. I strongly objected to enter into an agreement regard- 
ing salary, preferring to wait until the company could pay the 
commission. This agreement was forced upon me by the 
directors, by the Investigation Committee, and the accountants. 

They preferred to give you the salary mentioned than a limit 
sum of £2,700 arising from 15 per cent. on profits, which at the 
time were 2i/?—Yes, but as a matter of fact, I never received 
it; if, I did I paid it back when the company went into 
liquidation. J never had a shilling out of the concern. I have 
put money in and drawn money out, but, when everything is 
examined, it will prove that I have never had a shilling out of 
the: concern since it started. ; 

Jo-you say the books of the company are not correct ?— 
Oh,-no; but there are so many ways of compiling figures to 
read and -riddle anything that L cannot be answerable for the 
way you have got out your figures. 

I have not got them out; they are in the books. 

Is if not a fact that you drew a cheque from the company 
for £2,700?—I say I never did. It is simply a_ book 
transaction. | : 

‘Have you got credit for the cheque in your own banking 
account (the bank book was produced)?—This must be it. 

The“Registrar: That is ~not}consistent with your answer 
before... You said you had not handled it. If that is the 
chiéyué you had the money. : 

“Mr.” Dickson asked Mr. Addleshaw to look at the entry on 
the ather page of the book, and said this was consistent with 
the debtors statement that if he had had the money he paid 
it back. 

Mr. Addleshaw read a letter from Mr. Thorpe to the debtor 
advising the latte: not to draw any money out of the company 
go as to be prejudicial to it, and he asked Mr. Rothwell if, after 
this warning, he drew out in cash £1,278 ?—I could not say ; I 
both paid in and drew out. I did not stop the business of the 
company because Mr. Thorpe sent a letter. 

Mr. Addleshaw : I am told Mr. Rothwell drew out the sum 
named, anddid not pay it into the company. Did you transfer 
£875.to a person named Robert Rothwell after the receipt of that 
letter ?—If the books say so, yes. 


Is Robert Rothwell a relative?—My brother. It was_ his 
money. I owed it. 
Therefore you made the company his debtor?—Yes, the 


company owed me the money, and I transferred it to him. 
Was that transfer sanctioned by the directors ?—There was no 
need for it. The directors knew of it. J informed them. 
Did you also transfer £1,500 to Mr. John Dunn ?—Yes. 
Why ?—For the Rothwell Company’s overdraft. I pawned 
my money for the Rothwell Company, and Iam now taxed 
with having committed frauds and robberies. 
- You transferred £1,500 to Pam’s Banking Company, this 
being a debt you had guaranteed ?—Yes, if the books say so. 
Mr. Addleshaw, in applying for an adjournment, said that 
Mr. Rothwell appeared to think he was trying to get out 
answers which would prejudice him. Nothing of the kind. He 





was going into serious matters regarding the books, and he 
would suggest that Mr. Crewdson and Mr. Rothwell should 
meet and examine the books together. 
might have an explanation to offer. 
that the transactions had 
character. 


Probably Mr. Rothwell 
At present it appeared 
of a most extraordinary 
At one time £30,000 


been 
There had been heavy losses, 








was ruled off, and next they found ‘a further loss of £37,000. 
How £70,000 should disappear im two years he could not 
understand. It appeared, too, that the balance-sheets had been 
falsified and cooked for certain purposes. He did not say by 
whom, because he did not want to cast imputations. Judging 
by the piles of books the examination would be lengthy and 
tedious, and he was willing to give Mr. Rothwell every 
opportunity of explanation, 

Mr. Dickson said Mr. Rothwell had all along offered to 
meet Mr. Crewdson. 

Mr. Addleshaw: Well, now he has the opportunity. 

Mr. Dickson said Mr. Rothwell did not keep the books, and 
could not answer every question off hand. They had, however, 
offered to render any assistance. 

Mr. Rothwell: I want everything gone into—everything 
cleared up—and more the Hosiery Company than anything 
else. I will stop night and day until it is finished. 

The Registrar said there would be an opportunity of the 
accounts being gone through before the next sitting. 

The examination was then again adjourned, 








A BILL OF SALE for £60, covering household 
furniture, was on February oth filed against A. R. 
Andrews, domestic machinery dealer, 13, The Paddock, 
and 56, High Street, Chatham, in favour of Albert 
Wilson. 


A COUNTY COURT JUDGMENT was on 
January 25th registered against Brassington & Cooke, 
mail cart makers, Cable Street, Manchester, for £30. 

















THE TRUTH ABOUT ALUMINIUM. 


The recent launching of an aluminium torpedo-boat for 
the French Government, and the striking success which 
attended her trial trip, have given rise to numberless com- 
ments and articles in the press in which, as has frequently 
happened in the last forty years, aluminium is described 


as the “‘ coming metal.” Weare told that the present 
ironage will be succeeded by an age of aluminium, in which 
iron will be mainly replaced by the new metal, and that 
our rivers will be spanned by bridges of spider-web deli- 
cacy and untarnished beauty, and traversed by aluminium 
boats of surpassing speed and lightness, We give a short 
account of the methods and cost of production of alumi- 
nium and of the properties which experience has proved it 
to possess. It will show that the future of the metal, 
though bright and of great economic promise, must always 
be restricted within limits which do not confine the ap: 
plications of iron and steel. Aluminium is one of the most 
widely distributed of elements. In combination with 
silica, it forms a constituent of clays, felspars, and most 
rocks, and, in combination with oxygen, it occurs ds’ 
corundum and emery and constitutes the ruby and 
sapphire. Aluminium is unfortunately one of the most 
irritating of metals, both as regards its properties when 
isolated and the extraordinary difficulty which lies in the 
way of its manufacture. Until the introduction of 
electrolytic processes, which alone seem likely ever to 
render this metal available for large work, it was mainly 
prepared, not fromclay, which has never been used for the 
purpose, but from a hydrated oxide containingiron, and 
known as “bauxite.” This mineral, which is cheap and 
plentiful, passes through four distinct and troublesome 
processes of treatment before the metal is obtained. The 
only hope of salvation lies’ in the electrolytic processes, 
and these have lowered the cost until aluminium can now 
be purchased by the ton (of 98 per cent. purity) at rs. 9d. 
the pound. Whether this price can be materially 
lowered remains to be seen. The electric furnaces now 
in use commonly reduce either the oxide or the fluoride, 
but have entirely failed to produce metal of 
purity comparable with that obtained by purely 
chemical means, and this difficulty is a very grave one, 
for extreme purity is essential if aluminium is to retain 
its most valuable qualities. Aluminium, as most people 
know, is a white metal witha bluish tinge, nearly as hard 
as silver, and only a little more than twoand a half times 
as heavy as water—that is, about one-third the weight of 
iron. It is very malleable and ductile, is capable of taking 
a fair polish, and is extremely beautiful when finished 
with a ‘matt ’’ surface by treatment with an alkali. Its 
tensile strength is about twelve tons, or, in other words 








Yen tee ele See 





) 
: 


18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





a bar one inch in thickness would require a pull of twelve 
tons to tear it asunder. This is, of course, a small 
strength compared with that of steel. It contracts on 
solidifying. Its great conductivity for heat, as weli as 
the difficulty experienced in wielding it and in finding a 
suitable solder, renders it almost impossible to solder it 
to itself or other metals; and this is one of the most 
serious difficulties in applying aluminium industrially, 
and has not yet been satisfactorily overcome, although 
statements are constantly made to the contrary. 
Aluminium, when absolutely pure, is not readily 
tarnished, but as obtained commercially it oxidizes or rusts 
on the surface, and becomes coated with a white deposit, 
and, further, is more deeply oxidized in those spots where 
the impurity is greatest. The action of substances in 
solution on the metal is peculiar and most troublesome, 
and must always considerably restrict its uses. For 
culinary purposes it would be admirable but for the fact 
that alkaline bodies rapidly attack it, and that even 
common salt has more than a passing fancy for its com- 
panionship and carries it into solution. Here is indicated 
a probable danger in the use of aluminium in sea water, 
for unless the metal be protected by painting, a treatment 
whigh is apparently regarded as an insult to the new 
metal, corrosion would probably be excessive and rapid. 
This question will, however, soon be decided by the 
experience of the French Government with their torpedo 
poat. The alloys of aluminium with other metals are 
extremely interesting, and many of them are valuable, 
but here again the natural ‘‘cussedness” of the metal 
raises a considerable difficulty in the way of its use, for 
the commonest impurities, iron and silicon, form 
alloys with it which so reduce its strength, 
appearance, resistance to corrosion, and other proper- 
ties, as to render it practically valueless when they 
occur in morethan traces. Even one per cent of iron or 
silicon causes the metal to tarnish and become eaten into 
by exposure to ordinary air, and such an amount of 
impurity iscommon in the aluminium of commerce. On 
the other hand, the presence of traces of aluminium in 
iron, copper, gold, silver, and some other metals is of 
great advantage. The addition of less than one-tenth of 
one per cent. of aluminium renders iron far superior for 
casting, while an equally small amount increases the 
hardness and general strength, of gold and silver in an 
extraordinary degree. The alloys with copper are the 
oldest known and the most valuable commercially. The 
alloy containing ninety per cent. of copper and ten per 
cent. of aluminium is known as aluminium bronze. It is 
of a golden yellow colour, and has a tensile strength equal 
to that of good steel. It is, however, essential for the 
production of a good bronze that pure aluminium and 
pure copper should be used, as the presen:e of small 
amounts of impurities reduces the value of the alloys 
enormously. There is, however, still room for comfort to 
the admirers of aluminium, and those commercially in- 
terested init. Despite the fact thatit is not a cheap 
metal, andis far from untarnishable, it has innumerable 
small use even at its present price, and is coming into in- 
creasing use. Fortrinkets, drinking vessels, and ornamental 
use generally it is unexceptionable. Even its tarnish is 
less objectionable and more readily removed than that 
of other metals, and wecan look forward to the time 
when gasaliers, candlesticks, door-knobs, and nearly all 
the objects to which copper and brass are now applied, 
may be made of aluminium. This, combined with its 
use for scientific purposes where lightness is the greatest 
desideratum, will probably form the arena from which 
aluminium may oust her opponents; but the New 
Zealander who is to some day gaze on theruins of London 
is not likely to see structures of aluminium standing bright 
and unharmed in the midst of the oxidized remains of 
those medals on which we now and perhaps always shall 
pin our faith. 








ELECTRICITY FOR DRIVING SEWING 
MACHINES. 

From time to time we hear of electric motors which are 
to cost but a few shillings, and are suitable for the sewing 
machine trade. Strange to say, however, on examination 
they all fail to satisfy the requirements of operators. The 
objection against them varies, but all we have inspected 
have been too expensive for general use. It is interesting 
to motice, however, that there has just expired an im- 





MArcH 1, 1895. 


portant patent which should considerably reduce the 
cost of electric apparatus for driving sewing machines. 
We refer to the patent for the Faure accumulator. This 
patent covered a secondary or storage battery for the 
reception and storage of electric energy, and referred to 
leaden plates on which is deposited a coating of metallic 
salts or oxides, mixed with some inert substance giving 
bod:-—for example, sulphate of lead mixed with powdered 
coke anda little gelatine. It has enjoyed a large measure 
of success inthe past. In our opinion it is only by means of 
a cheap accumulator,and a cheap motor that electricity 
can be of use in driving sewing machines. We have thus 
advanced a step towards this goal by the Faure patent 
having become public property. 

Speaking of electric motors, it is interesting to note 
what Professor Fleming stated at the Royal Institution 
recently. He essayed to describe the principle on which 
they work, and in doing so showed the apparatus used by 
Faraday in 1831 to demonstrate that when a conductor is 
caused to move whilst within the influence of a magnet a 
current is set up in the conductor. The original disc of 
copper pivoted to turn between the poles of a horseshoe 
magnet, used by Faraday, wasalso shown. A copper wire, 
with one end touching the centre of the disc and the other 
end touching the rotating edge, was joined up with a 
galvanometer, which at once showed that a current was 
passing when the disc was spun round. From this 
arrangement all the elaborate electro-motors now in use 
have been evolved. By reversing the processes, by send 
ing a current through the wire, the disc was made to spin 
in the reverse direction. 

In concluding his series of lectures the Professor said 
that he was bound to admit that no satisfactory answer is 
forthcoming to the simple question, ‘‘ What is elec 
tricity??? The researches of Faraday, of Clerk-Maxwell, 
and of Hertz lead to the belief that electricity is a wave 
motion set upin the ether that is assumed to fill the space 
between the atoms of which the physical world is built ; 
that these wave motions or vibrations (quiverings) are like 
those that bring sensations of heat, sound, and light to the 
brain ; but whereas the vibrations that give rise to light 
repeat themselves at the rate of forty-five millions of 
millions of times per second, in oscillations so infinitely 
small that 37,000 can take place in an inch without inter- 
ference one with another, the vibrations of electricity 
acquire an amplitude measured by yards, and their 
rapidity, though known to be great, is not yet fully ascer- 
tained. 








WILL IT DO FOR PRAMS" 

An old idea appears to have received a new application 
by a Boston, United Sates, firm, who have obtained a 
patent for it. The notion is to apply sheet glass asa 
veneer to furniture and general woodwork so as to give it 
the appearance of any fine wood, with the additional 
attraction of a very highly-polished surface. Dyes, colours, 
and varnishes of the ordinary kinds are applied to one 
side of the pane of glass, and when the appearance of 
feathered mahogany or what not has been impressed by 
sponges, feathers, brushes, and so forth, the coated side is 
applied to the part it is to decorate, and the pane fixed 
there in a beading or otherwise. 


















en 


i 
Un 
a ft 



















Last year the United States imported musical instru- 
ments to the value of £120,000, and exported same to the 
value of £200,000. England received £923,920 worth 
of instruments from all countries, and exported this class 
of goods to the value of £166,000. 

s * 


* 

Mr. Bechstein has issued a warning to the effect that 
it has come to his knowledge that certain pianoforte 
manufacturers intend to imitate his models, both out- 
wardly and inwardly, and he begs to give notice that his 
models and designs are registered, and that he will take 
proceedings against any one imitating them, 





Marcu 1, 1895. 





Mr. D. M. White has patented in America a new 
tuning and stringing device for pianos, and claims that 
by its adoption all the pressure of the strings comes on the 
solid plate-bridge, and the wrest-plank is thus almost 
entirely freed from strain. The device consists of an 
L-shaped lever made of cast steel, the short arm of which 
fulcrums against the plate-bridge. The long arm of the 
lever is provided with a forked end which is engaged by 
a screw wrest-pin having a shoulder above and below the 
fork. The wrest-pin is otherwise just the same as any other 
and can be tuned with the regulation tuning hammers. 


For combination of business and sentiment this notice 
is hard to beat: “Mr. Bronson has the honour and regret 
to inform his patrons and friends that he has just pub- 
lished a new waltz, ‘ The Breeze of Ontario,’ and lost his 
daughter, Susan Deborah, aged fifteen years. The waltz 
is on sale at all music-sellers, and the funeral will take 
place to-morrow morning at eleven o’clock.’’ 


* @ 
* 


An international music trades’ exhioition is announced 
to be held on June 13th to June 26th at the Agricultural 
Hall, Islington, N. he executive announce that already 
the leading houses have booked space, and that numerous 
foreign firms will support the exhibition. 


The maker of good pianos (said Mr. Hugo Sohmer to a 
New York interviewer) cannot reduce his price any more 
than he can reduce his quality. The makers of good 
pianos are the salvation of the music trade to-day. hey 
keep up their standard, and keep the line of demarcation 
between the good and poor pianos. Mr. Sonmer does not 
believe that the extensive sale of the cheap piano is 
hurtful to the good ones. In the case of high-grade pianos 
he says that the increase is steady, and the class of trade 
naturally of that kind impossible to be affected by the low 
prices of inferior goods. He thinks that to-day, as never 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 19 


before, the influence ofa well-established name isa help t- 
the sale ofa piano no less than in its selection. He leans 
to the belief that as the cheap pianos grow cheaper in 
price the good ones will grow proportionally better in 
demand and higher in price. The line which distia- 
guishes the two classes will grow deeper and more dis- 
tinct, and the buyers who appreciate a really first-class 
piano will be the more ready to.pay a fair price for it. 
* * 

‘This old-established firm,” says the Court Fournal, 
referring to Messrs. John Broadwood & Sons, “may 
rejoice in a fact which is almost without parallel in the 
annals of commerce. It is, that a manufacturing house 
holding warrants of special appointment to the sovereigns 
of England during five successive reigns, should have 
flourished continuously under the administration of no 
less than szx generations of the same family in direct 
lineal descent from the founder. These generations, we 
may remark, are represented first by Burkardt Tschudi, 
a famous harpsichord maker, who constructed instruments 
for Frederick the Great and the Empress Maria Theresa 
of Austria, and who established himself at 33, Great 
Pulteney Street in the year 1732; secondly by John 
Broadwood, son-in-law of the founder, who became partner 
in 1769; thirdly, by James Broadwcod (grandson), 1796; 
fourthly, Henry Broadwood (great-grandson), 1836 ; and 
fifthly by Henry J. T. Broadwood (great-great- grandson), 
1881. The szxti generation is, now, represented by Mr. 
William Carey Dobbs, great-great-great-grandson of 
Tschudi. To those who are intimate with the honour- 


able history and gradual extension of the Broadwood ° 


house, it will be evident that the continuous reinforce- 
ment of fresh blood from the same good old stock has 
been a noteworthy factor in the uninterrupted progress of 
the firm. Mr. Dobbs is a B.A., Cambridge, and came out 
one of the senior optimi;:in mathematics. He has, for 
some time past, been diligently acquiring an insight into 
the business of his firm, to whom his accession will 
doubtless prove of considerable future advantage. 





EI. WMEUNDLOS «c CO., 


MAGDEBURG, 


N. GERMANY. 


Manufacturers of Sewing Machines, Established 1863, invite dealers 
to ask for Price Lists of the celebrated 


* TIGTORIA 


UNEQUALLED 
FOR 
THEIR HIGH FINISH, 
RELIABLENESS, 
AND 
DURABILITY. 





AUTOMATIC 
PRESSER FOOT, 


English Patent No. 3,235. 


SEWING MACHINES, 


MADE IN 
5 DIFFERENT SIZES 
FOR FAMILY USE 
AND 
MANUFACTURING 
PURPOSES. 


UNIVERSAL DARNING 


APPARATUS, 
English Patent No. 10,124; 





Exclusive Territory will be given to Responsible 
Dealers. 


v * 
a 








20° The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


‘A FEW WORDS AS TO PAWNBROKING. 

Since the question of the relative rights of pawnbrokers 
and hire traders has now reached an acute stage, it may 
not be uninteresting to our readers if we give a short 
account of the history of pawning. Further, it will not 
be amiss if we give an outline of the first statute passed in 
this country (James I.) in connection with pawnbroking, 
which shows that our ancestors fully realised that it was 
necessary to place severe restrictions upon pawnbrokers, 
so far as regards the taking in pledge goods not the 

_ property of the pledgers. 

“It is beyond doubt that the custom of pawning was 
established many hundreds of years before the invention 
of a circulating medium. We have in Genesis, chap. 
XXXvill. vers. 17, 18, 20, the first record of a pawning 
transaction, this being between Jacob’s son, Judah, and 
Tamas, his daughter-in-law. This lady was apparently 
endowed with the commercial instinct, for, as the story 
runs, she demanded, in the business-like manner of a 
nineteenth-century pawnbroker, the signet, the bracelets, 

_ and the staff as a pledge. Judah then sends his servants 
with a kid to redeem his property ; the only difference 
between this transaction and one of the present day being 
that the former was paid in kind and the latter in coin of 
the realm. It is reasonable to suppose that, although this 
appears to be the first recorded case of pawning, it was at 


‘ _ the time, and probably had been for many years pre- 


viously, an established custom. 

In Exodus xxii. 26, 27, we read, “If thou at all take 
thy neighbour’s raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it 
to him by that the sun goeth down.” The reason for 
this injunction follows immediately—“ for that is his 
covering only, it is his raiment for his skin, wherein he 
shall sleep !”? What, think you, would a pawnbroker 
of the present day say to a man who, having pledged his 
night shirt or his blanket, called in the evening and 
requested its return, unless he was prepared to pay the 
amount of the loan and interest? The quotation is 
sufficient to show that even in the time of Moses giving 
and taking in pledge was sufficiently common to merit 
recognition and protection from the great law-giver. It 
is unnecessary for us to recite the multiplicity of illustra- 
tions of the prevalence of pawning ‘‘ when the world was 
young.” In more modern times the Jews who settled 
here about A.D. 750 were the first professed pawnbrokers 
and moneylenders, and were principally located in Old 
Jewry, London. The charge for interest varied, between 
the years 1060 and 1290, from 2d. to 3d. per pound per 
week. In 1264, as the result of an attempt on the part 
of a Jew to obtain more than 2d. in the pound per week 
froma Christian, the populace rose against the pawn- 
broking fraternity, destroyed a Jewish synagogue, and 
inthe riot that ensued 700 Jews were killed. In 1275 the 
unfortunate Israelites were forbidden to take interest on 
pain of death, and fifteen years later were summarily ex- 
pelled the kingdom by Edward]. Pawnbroking was then 
carried on almost entirely by the Lombard merchants, who 
are reputed to have lent Richard Cceur de Lion a consider- 
ablesum. In 1546 the taking of interest was made lawful, 
the legal rate being fixed by 37 Hen. 8, cap. 9, at 10 per 
cent. This statute was repealed in 1552, but afterwards 
reenacted in the reign of Elizabeth. 

The first statute dealing with pawnbroking was passed 
in the first year of James I., and enacts that no sale or 
pawn of any stolen goods to any pawnbroker in London, 
Westminster, or Southwark, shall alter the property 
therein, and that pawnbrokers refusing to produce the 
goods to the owner from whom stolen shall forfeit double 
value. 

In 1785 every pawnbroker was required to take out a 
licence upon which a duty of £450 was payable by traders 
in London, Westminster, and other parts of the 
metropolis, and £5 beyond these limits. These duties 
were raised in 1815 to £15 and £7 ros. respectively, and 
were again altered by the “ Pawnbrokers’ Act 1872,” to 
a uniform duty of £7 10s. The same statute repealed 
the Act of 1800, which has been found by a Select Com- 
mittee of the House of Commons to be most unsatisfac- 
tory. The Act of 1872 is the cne now in force. It is 
unnecessary for us to recite its provisions as most persons 
are aware of the conditions attaching to pawnbroking 
transactions of the present day. 

The majority of hire traders must have heard of the lead- 
ing case of Singer v. Clark, in which it was laid down that 


apawnubroker taking hired goods in pledge acquired.no title 
or lien to them. He must deliver them up unconditionally 
to the owner. This decision was practically undisputed 
until in 1893 the case of Lee v. Butler fell like a thunder- 
bolt upon the hire trade and even the pawnbrokers 
themselves, 

The pawnbrokers are certainly not to be blamed for 
endeavouring to get the right to take in pledge any 
article offered to them. Practically, the only risk they 
run as tradersis that of taking in pledge goods other 
than the property of the pledger. It is clear, however, 
that if every article offered to them could be lawfully 
accepted by them the line between pawnbrokers and 
licensed receivers of stolen goods would be too finely 
drawn to be distinguishable in the case of many in the 
trade. There really must be placed on the shoulders of 
the pawnbroker a responsibility as to what goods he 
takes in pledge or no man’s property would be safe from 
conversion. No one recognises this fact more than the 
pawnbrokers as a body, for they have never had the 
courage to promote.a Bill in Parliament to give them the 
relief which they say is due tothem. The Factors Act, 
which has caused so much litigation was none of. their 
introducing, and even the famous 9th section, which they 
claim was passed ‘to hit the hire system was never the 
subject of discussion in Parliament, from their point of 
view not a word was said in either the House of Lords or 
the House of Commons.as to dealing with the hire system 
by means of the last Factors Act. The pawnbrokers, 


however, having won Lee v. Butler, but fearing that” 


optional agreements were not hit tried to get a clause 
inserted in the Sale of Goods Bill of 1893, which would 
secure them all they required. But this little scheme 
was frustrated, no small thanks to the H.T.P.A.,who took 
ample steps to checkmate the move. Nothing daunted, 
the pawnbrokers introduced in April last a Bill to amend 
the Factors Act, in a direction which would serve their 


interests, but this also was strenuously opposed by the. 


H.T.P.A., and at length abandoned. 

No doubt other steps will be taken by the pawnbrokers 
in order to get rid of their liability, but they have little 
hope of success if the other traders interested are only 
thoroughly organised for defence. 

One difference between the hire-trader and the pawn- 
broker must mot be overlooked. The former is 
fighting entirely to save himself from loss. The unscru- 
pulous pawnbroker, on the other hand, is not so much 
anxious to avoid loss as to be at liberty to take in pledge 
hired goods for the purpose of gain. This is the principal 
point of cleavage between them. Of course ‘‘ uncle” 


will be ready to concede that he must act bena-yide but, . 


practically, that amounts to nothing. When we find 


pawnbrokers taking in pledge workhouse uniforms from |. 
local paupers and cases of new surgical instruments made © - 
within a few yards of their shop, without making asingle - 


inquiry, we are entitled to be suspicious of giving them 
increased powers. Remember, further, that it is to their 
interest to accept and not to refuse goods if there is no 
risk as to title. 





Notices. 


In the High Court of Justice, 
Chancery Division, 
Mr. Justice Chitty. 


THE AUTOMATIC KNITTING MACHINE COMPANY, 
LIMITED, v. W. MORRIS & CO., BRADFORD. 
By Injunction this day granted, the defen- 

dants, their servants, or agents were restrained 

from infringement of the Letters Patent, 

No. 16,483, of 1889, for inventions in Knitting 

Machines, which Letters Patent are the pro- 

perty of the Plaintiff Company, and the 

defendants were ordered to pay the Plaintiff 

Company the sum of £50 by way of liquidated 

damages and their costs of action. 

SWEPSTONE & STONE, 
31, Great St, Helens, H.C. 
Plaintiffs’ Solicitors. 
8th December, 1894. 





Marcu 7, 1895. — | 
: 





| 
va 


Marcu 1, 1895. ° 











THE PLATE LICENCE QUESTION. 


So many of our readers are interested in the question 
of licences for the sale of plate that we make no apology 
for again referring to this subject. 

The Sheffield Chamber of Commerce, some time since, 
passed a resolution in favour of the total abolition of the 
licence for the sale by retail of gold and silver plate. As 
this was done without opposition and as the seconder of 
the motion was a member of one of the largest firms of 
silver and electro-place manufacturers in the world, the 
jewellers and plate dealers throughout the country 
naturally inferred that the resolution reflected the views 
of the silver and electro-plate manufacturers of the city. 
To say that the action caused surprise is to put the feel- 
ing evoked too mildly. At this time the retail jewellers 
were engaged in the task of establishing an Association, 
the primary object of which was to exert influence upon 
Parliament in favour of the retention of the licence, and 
it can be easily imagined that some of the leaders of the 
opposition were indignant with the manufacturers of 
Shefheld for their supposed hostility to the movement. 
It was felt, anc rightly so, that the interests of the 
manufacturers of and dealers in these gouds are so iden- 
tical that the two sections ought to be united. Indeed, 
unity was declared absolutely necessary if the new Asso- 
ciation was to succeed in its object. The Jeweller and 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 23 


Metalworker then set to work to show that scarcely a 
single firm engaged in the silver and plate industry was 
anxious for the abolition of the licence, but on the con- 
trary that they desired its retention and even an increase 
in the cost. That journal published letters from thirty 
different Sheffield firms to that effect. Now there isa 
probability that the Chamber of Commerce will rescind 
the objectionable resolution. In the annual report of 
that body there appears the following paragraph :— 

At the instance of the Worcester Chamber of Commerce the Council 
considered whether, having regard to the existing depression in silver, 
tne licences at present required from retail dealers for the sale of plate 
should not be abolished, and eventually they came to a resolution that 
the time had now arrived for the abolition of these licences, and stated 
their opinion that such a removal would assist the trade in silver 
articles. The resolution of the Council has led to a considerable amount 
of notice in the puklic press, and many members of tne Chamber, en- 
gaged in the silver, and electro-plate trade, having expressed their 
doubts as to the wisdom of the Council's resolution. The Council, 
however, call attention the fact that the resolution was proposed by a 
manufacturer largely interested in this particular trade, and desire to 
express their opinion that it is a matter which more closely concerns 
the trade itself than the general public, but the Council invite expres- 
siors of opinion from the members at the annual meeting with regard 
to the matter. 

At the meeting of the Council, on Thursday in last 
week, Mr. Belk (Roberts & Belk), and Mr. J. E. Bingham 
(Walker & Hall), expressed, on behalf of the silver 
and allied trades, their opinion that the resolution had 
been adopted without full consideration, and that those 
interested in the question were not. favourable to it, and 
it was understood that the Council would deal with the 
matter at their next meeting. 

It would thus seem that the opposition to the abolition 
of the licence is too strong among those principally 
interested to expect that it will succeed, and since it would 
mean a loss to the revenue no support could be expected 
from the Government. 





TAYLOR & WILSON, 
ATLAS WORKS, ACCRINGTON. 


MANUFACTURERS OF 


Washing, Wringing, & Mangling Machines 


OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 








Our Productions hawe obtained 


200 Medals & FirstAwa: 





Turnout—500 


rds, 








MACHINES PER WEEK, 





WANTED -All Mangle Buyers to send Post Card for Catalogue and Reduced Lists. 











ee ee = 


ee 
A al = 


ee 


eos 


eyes ony tere % 
Sy ee 


— 





an i Swe ye rey are 
aE ae PE RE PPR Te a I eT ES Sa SIT tee 


24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances. Marcu 1, 1895, 
A 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 


AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
~ CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON APPLIC AON: AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


SSNS SSNS SSNS SANS SNA NS SA NINA SS SS NI NS NS NIST 


THE BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD, 


49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, E.C. 


HARROP’S 
Greatest Triumph in ial i 


Patent 











— Gombination No Dealer 
BABY or Home 
CARRIAGE should be 
ns without one. 





MAIL CART. 


Convertible to 
4% Positions. 


LISTS SUPPLIED 
ON ; 





(Patent No. 16,502). 


55. TIB STREET at oDiit TED 


: ; | WLAN CHESTER. 
New Mail Cart I 
New Handles, 


New Joints. 
SEE ILLUSTRATIONS IN SUPPLEMENT. 




















wy. FOSTER & CO., 
46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 
The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 





chines to have an 


_ Marcu f, 1895. 
THE 


American Weinger\0 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 

































































































































































iil 
il 
The “ HOUSEHOLD’’ WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 
The “ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER is made throughout of the very 


~ best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 


the Hire System. 
The Rollers of the *‘ HOUSEHOLD ’ WRINGER have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
~’ and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 
The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 


shape. 
Considering the quality of the materials used, the “ HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


SSSSSSESSH SHS SH OGFHS OS OOOOS SSO OOOO OOD 


WHAT IS THIS? 


This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 

_ rubber on the spindle. 
e guarantee all 











4 





rollers in our ma- 








equal thickness of 





rubber to that shown 
in the sketch. 











ADDL SSS SLL 





ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 
a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Our new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER (0., 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, §.E. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 


GENUINE AMERICAN ~~ 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 












SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER.- 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all hinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





SWIFT GOLD MEDAL 


TER 


Stockings ribbed or plain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING im 


NS NEW HARRISON 





KNIT 


WOOL, SILK, or COTTON, INSTRUG 

TIONS FREE. Lists 2d. per post. 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The only 
WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and 23 other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CQ, 
Works: 48, Upper Brook St.. Manchester. 


a 










The New 
a 


ROTHWELL KNITTER 


) is the only machine in the world 
( which can knit every garment 

S5 that can be done by hand. . 

It would take three days by hand what could be done on the 
“New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and taousands of ladies 
who have entirely abolished hand knitting are now earning good 
incomes at their owo homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything, in eitner silk, wool, or cotton. 

Write for prices and full partioulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 


VY 














* * 

Mr. S. H. Justin, of the Nimrod Cycle Company, ‘of 
Bristol (and a member of the committee of the Bristol 
branch of the H.T,P.A.), informs us from Australia, where 
he is now travelling in the interest of his company, that 
he had arranged to travel by the ill-fated Wazrarapa. 
Fortunately, however, he was detained at the last 
moment, and was thus saved from a watery grave. 

* x 
* 

The Cycle Manufacturer and Dealer says that where 
exceptionally light gauge tubing is employed in making 
featherweight cycles instead of using brass spelter for 
brazing the joint it is well to use silver spelter, the same 
as the silversmiths use. It requires less heat, and conse- 
quently does not scale the tubing, and it makes the joint 
equally as strong as brass. Of course, it is a little dearer, 

San 

Mr. Edward B. Rillen, of Belfast, has patented a novel 
pneumatic tyre, which consists of two flat hoops concen- 
tric with each other, and allowing a space of 14 in., or 
thereabouts, between them. Two inflated air tubes are 
placed side by side between the hoops, and whilst the 
tubes are connected together by their covering materials 
the hoops also are connected together by a series of short 
chains attached centrally between the tubes, the wheel 
itself, which is built on to the inner hoop, being thus 
suspended to the outer hoop through the air cushion. 

~ * 
= 

The Cyclist says :—“ The cycle agent, pure and simple, 
so long as he cannot show a clear bill as to his financial 
stability, and assure the manufacturers of the soundness 
of his position, will, this year, find it somewhat difficult 

















26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





to obtain goods wherewith to trade if he desire credit. 
In the course of a late conversation with the partners of 
a very well-known house, whose headquarters are upon 
the Viaduct, we were assured that many small agents 
last year had taken half-a-dozen machines and upwards, 
for which not one penny had been received on account. 
Small wonder, then, that this house are devising other 
means of offering their machines to the public.” 






















































































Our readers will please see that they recerve with this 
issue a copy of our Annual Supplement, ‘* Buyers’ Guide to 


” 


the New Season's Designs tn Children’s Carriages,” which 


4 Pa iR he 
zs, as usual, gratis. 


* 
* 


The Singer Manufacturing Company have purchased 
very extensive premises in St. Paul’s Churchyard (eastern 
side), which they are now fitting up to serve as their 
headquarters for the United Kingdom, in place of their 
premises in Foster Lane, which are too small for their 
requirements. 


* & 


- . 

Mr. A. D. Frood resigned the management of the 
Singer Liverpool district just as we went to press last 
month. He entered the company’s service in 1866 at 
Manchester, and a year later went to Leeds, where 
at this time not three Singer machines were at work 
in any one factory. For twenty-one years Mr. Frood con- 
cerned himself with building up a trade among the 
factories, his largest order from a siugle firm being one 
for 500 oscillators in June, 1888. As showing the ideas as 
to a factory trade in vogue in the early days of the trade, 
it is interesting to note that the deceased President, Mr. 
G. R. McKenzie, once reprimanded Mr. Frood for taking 
an order to supply a gas engine and power fittings in 
connection with a sewing machine installation, on the 
ground that these articles were foreign to the trade! 
Mr. Frood wastransferred to Liverpool district in July, 
1888, where he remained as district manager until 
January 28th last, when he resigned. 

* 
= 

Mr. Frood has seen the company, with whom the best 

ears of his life were spent, grow by leaps and bounds. 
heir total sales when he joined the company were only 
30,000 machines per annum, and their only addresses in 
the U.K. were London, Manchester, Liverpool, Leeds, 
Glasgow, and Dublin. 
= * 
- 

Several changes have recently taken place in the Singer 
staff. Among these we might mention that Miss Craven, 
one of the cleverest saleswomen who have ever entered 
the trade, after fifteen years’ service in the Leeds and 
seven in the Liverpool office, has resigned her position. 

* * 


Mr. T. De Rinzi, late of the Chiswell Street office, has 
been appointed Singer district manager at Newcastle, in 
succession to Mr. Wilkinson. Mr. Geo. McLean has 
succeeded Mr. Lennington as district manager at Belfast, 
and Mr. Wocdard, late of Manchester, is now in charge 
of the Singer Plymouth district, vce Mr. W. J. Sang. 

ee 


* 

We might add to the foregoing changes that Singer's 
have now raised Aberdeen to the dignity of a district 
office, with Mr. W. K. Russell, late book-keeper in Glasgow 
and London, in authority. Further, that Mr. Fresh- 
water, after twelve years’ service in the company, has been 
appointed to succeed Mr. F rood at Liverpool. 


Patents applied for in 1894 numbered 25,372. This 
represents an increase of 250 over 1893. Although there 
has been a steady increase in numbers yearly ever since 
1886, it would appear that a maximum is not far off, for 
250 is a smaller increase than in any previous year. 

= 


Last month a domestic servant inthe employ of Mr. J. 
Daniels, the well-known Battersea sewing machine dealer, 
was committed for trial for a most impudent theft. It 
appears that eail!y one morning, before the family 
had left their beds, she dressed herself in Miss 
Daniels’ clothes, and taking also this young lady’s watch 





Marcu 1, 1895. 


and handbag, made her way to Brighton, where she was 
subsequently arrested. 
* 

Mr. C. R. Doctor, proprietor of the newly-started Vic- 
toria Sewing Machine Mart, 1, Church Gate Street, Fort, 
Bombay, sends us specimens of his circular matter. From 
this we learn that he holds the sub-agency for the 
Wheeler and Wilson and the Bombay sole agency for the 
‘‘Domestic” machines. He also deals in knitting and 
embroidery machines. 


* ok 


e 
A fine of ros. and costs was imposed on Wm. Curtis, 
of Barton, last month, for injuring a bailiff’s finger during 
a distress on a sewing machine. 


* % 


Last month, at the Bradford Police Court, Allan 
Clapham, 16, a clerk in the employ of Mr. Joseph Apple- 
yard, sewing machine maker, Harris Street, Bradford, 
was Charged with stealing five cutters and other things 
the property of his employer. 


At a meeting of the stockholders of the Wheeler and 
Wilson Manufacturing Company, held at the head office 
of the Company, inthe U.S., on January 25th, the 
following board of directors was elected :—S. H. Wheeler, 
William H. Perry, Fredrick Hurd, Isaac Holden, Bridge- 
port ; A. S. Chase, Waterbury ; C. N. Weyland, Joseph 
C, Willetts, F. Kingsbury Curtis, New York; D. N. 
Morgan, Washington. After the stockholders’ meeting 
the directors met and elected S. H. Wheeler, president ; 
Isaac Holden, vice-president ; lrederick Hurd, secretary 
and treasurer. 

The German sewing machine papers speak of a form 
of magnifying-glass for use in setting the needle, thread- 
ing, &c. 

In our last issue, through an.error on the part of our 
informant, we stated the liabilities of Williamson & Co., of 
Banbury, at £168 1s. 34. This should have read 
£1,268 rs. 3d. 

Messrs. W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, of Haymerle Road, 
Peckham, S.E, intend devoting more attention than 
formerly to the wholesale sewing machine trade. They 
have taken up the wholesale agency for Stoewer’s sewing 
machines, and have just built a warehouse which will hold 


2,000 machines, so as to be able to supply dealers with 


promptitude. 

Messrs. G. H. Wells & Co., the well-known Birmingham 
perambulator manufacturers, now have showrooms at 30, 
Gray’s Inn Road, London, W.C., Mr. H. Garland acting 
as their agent. 

= * 

We recently had the opportunity of inspecting the new 
factory of the Two-Reel Lockstitch Sewing Machine 
Company in Argyle Street, Nechells, Birmingham. We 
found that great progress had been made with the 
premises, which cover a large area of ground, and that 
the company are now executing orders. It will, however, 
take some two or threemonths tocomplete all the buildings, 
which will then have a large capacity, which can be in- 
creased as occasion requires by adding additional floors. 
We might add that the family machine is now quite per- 
fected, also all the tools for making same. 


Mr. George W. Phillips, the general manager of the 
Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Company, writes to us as 
follows: —“ Ina recent issue you inserted a paragraph in 
which James M. Howe claimed that the invention of 
Elias Howe, junr., was the result of a dream. Being as 
you are possibly aware intimately acquainted with the 
Howe family, I wrote to my friend George W. Howe, of 
Cleveland (cousin of Elias), asking him who James M. 
Howe was, as I had never heard of him. In reply I have 
received a letter dated Cleveland, 23rd January, of which 
the following isan extract : *I duly received yours of 2nd 
inst., containing clipping in which James M. Howe claims 
£, Howe, junr.’s invention was the result ofa dream. In 
the first place Elias Howe never had a cousin by the name 
of James, and if any dreaming has been done, James M. 
has been doing it.’”’ We thank Mr. Phillips for correct- 
ing our inaccurate statement, but we only published the 
paragraph as a quotation from the Chicago Sewing 
Machine Advance. 


|e pana Reyer ‘ as 


Marcu 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 27 


THE LEADING FAMILY SEWING MACHINE, 


WHEELER & WILSON’S No, 9. 


“A Thing of Beautv is a doy for Ever,” 










































































































































































































































































































































































































































































THE AGENTS 

BEST WANTED 

i WHERE ° 
) sof NOT 

EVERY a ee =O\ REPRE. 

) a! SENTED. 



















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































—— =f 


WHEELER && wilson, 
Note the New Address: 


‘Chief Offices; 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, & 11, Paul St Finsbury, London, B.¢. 





28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Marcu 1, 1895. 





THE 


Hire Traders’ Protection 
Association. 





REGISTERED UNDER THE LICENCE OF THE BOARD OF TRADE, JUNE 24, 1891. 
WHEREBY THE LIABILITY OF MEMBERS IS STRICTLY LIMITED. 


Constitution This Association is a combination of dealers in articles sold on the 

and bjeet®: Easy Payment and Hire System, and, according to its Rules, its objects are 
‘the protection and furtherance of the interest of persons trading on what is 
known as the Hire Purchase System, and to ensure for hirers fair and 
honourable treatment.”’ 


It is purely a co-operation of traders aiming at raising the tone of the 
Hire System and the assistance of hire traders in cases of difficulty, for 
which purpose it retains one of the best legal authorities, Mr. H. EK. Tudor, 
whose fees are fixed at one-half (or less) the usual solicitor’s charges. 


Subscriptions. The annual subscription is one guinea for town members, and 
half-guinea for country members, commencing any date. 


Ad vantages. “The Association supply, firstly, a legal form of hiring agreement, which 
it considers fair between owner and hirer. Should this agreement be broken 
by the hirer, Mr. Tudor, the solicitor to the Association, wil) write the hirer at 
the membevr’s request, at a charge of 6d. Should the goods be pledged, he will 
write the pawnbroker stating the owner’s title to the goods, and endeavour to get 
them returned ; the same remarks apply to landlords, carriers, or other persons 
in wrongful possession. Mr. Tudor can be consulted at certain times (see 
Rules) free of charge, and at all times will give written advice on legal 
difficulties at a charge of 1s. in ordinary cases. Should members desire to 
conduct their own cases, the solicitor’s charge for drawing up the brief is 3s. 6d 


hates In order that country members shall not be at a disadvantage, Mr. 
: Tudor has drawn up a series of forms which, when filled in, will render a 
personal consultation unnecessary. 


Branch Associations will be formed wherever sufficient supportis forthcoming from 
local traders. 


This Association has already done much useful work. A large number of — 
defaulting hirers have resumed their payments, and goods to a considerable value have been 
recovered from pawnbrokers and others in wrongful possession. The Association aims at 
using its influence in such a manner as will reduce litigation as much as possible, but its 
solicitor has undertaken numerous actions, principally against landlords, and with unusual 
success, due largely to the unparalleled experience of its legal staff. 


The Committee therefore invite all firms doing an Hasy Payment or Hire Trade to 
join this Association. 


For further particulars apply to the Secretary, 


SAMUEL dAMES SEWELL, 
28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row. Lendon, E.C. 


"MARCH 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 29 

















Phe following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal 
by Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 
912. . C. C. Hookway, for improvements in mail carts and the 


like-for children. : 1 
1,147. F. Simmons, for. improvements in button hole sewing 
machines. cc 3 : i 
1,511. E. Kohler, for.improyements in sewing machines. 
1,784, J. Gilman, for improyements in’ or connected with the 
holding or supporting of cards of silk or other thread upon sewing 
machines, i 
1,894. H. B. Murdoch, for improvements in perambulators and 
mail carts. negat igh 
2,095. J. Higham, for. improvements in circular knitting 
machines, - : : ( 
2,122, KF. W. Kicto, for improvements in sewing machines. j 
2,190... W. Harrison and C. W. Harrison, for improvements in 
knitting machines. ; ' 
2,502. S. W. Eden and H. W. Scothon, for improvements in 
the production of designs upon knitted fabrics. 
9,525. C. H. Aldridge, for improvements in rotary or flat bar 
knitting machines. ‘ 
2,531. H. H. Lake, a communication from S. H. Wheeler, of 
United States, for improvements in hemmers, 1 , 
2,577. O. H. Webb, for improvements in working embroidery 
in the pantagraph and similar embroidery machines. __ 
2,653. A. Eppler, for improvements in sewing machines. 
2,782. J. F. Cosgrove, for an improved adjustable mail cart. 
2,807. G. Blackburn and S. Jamson, for improvements in 
circular knitting machines. : : 
2,814. C. H. Aldridge, for improvements in rotary or flat bar rib 
knitting machines. ] 5 
2,923. W. S. Ward and H. Francis, for improved apparatus 
applicable to circular knitting machines. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 

18,634. Knitteng Machines. The Boas-King Knitting Machine 

Co., Ltd., of Tanfield Chambers, Bradford. Dated October 2nd, 
4, 

This invention consists in various improvements in the machine 
forming the subject matter of Letters Patent, No. 13,994 of 1892. 

19,122. Improvements in Sewing Machines. A. Anderson, The 
Sitiger Manufacturing Co.’s Works, Kilbowie, Dumbartonshire. 
Dated October 9th, 1894. TOR 

In machines for performing fancy stitching in which the 
lateral movements of the needle bar are controlled by a 
pattern cam having an intermittent rotary movement imparted 
thereto from the continuously rotating driving shaft, much 
difficulty has been caused when the ordinary pawl and ratchet 
mechanism has been used. This invention obviates the difficulty 
by the use of a ‘‘positive ratchet mechanism,” whereby a toothed 
wheel to which the pattern cam is attached, is at all times held 
positively by its operating dog which is caused to engage the teeth 
of the said wheel when the teeth of the operating dog are released 
therefrom. These improvements render it impossible to get a 
pattern cam wheel which has once been properly set relative to 
the feeding mechanism anda other parts of the machine out of 
timing. ; Bees a ; 

21,727. Improvements in automatic knitting machines. 
L.N.D. Williams and R. W. Scott, of 2,077, E. Cumberland 
Street, Philadelphia, U.S.A. Dated November 10th, 1894. 

This invention relates to improvements in knitting machines 
forming the subject matter of Letters Patent, No. 1,417, of 1891. 

The present improvements have for object to permit of the 
operation of the machine at a higher speed than heretofore, during 
the rotary movement, and to provide for automatically varying 
the length of stitch produced. : i £ 

22,123. Improvements in lock sewing machines. B. Willcox ; 
a communication from H. Springmann, of 40, Hindersinstrasse 3, 
Berlin. Dated November 15th, 1894. _ } 

The object of this invention is to improve the construction, 
combination and arrangement of the operative parts of sewing 
machines wherein the loop of the upper thread is carried round 
the lower thread by means of a rotary thread-catcher or loop-taker, 

'23,013. Sewing machines. J. Morrison, 75, Cowley Road, 
SW. Dated November 27th, 1894, k 

The chief object of this invention is to reduce the working parts 
toa minimum so that it can be produced cheaply. The parts 
consist essentially of a vertically riciprocating needle bar and its 
actuating levers, a revolving looper and its shaft, a thread 
tension and an automatic feed with a workplate and stand. 

‘94.682. Sewing machine. J. Kohler, of Limbach, Saxony, 
Dated December 18th, 1894. i fy 

This invention relates to improvements in the production in a 
sewing machine of a ‘stitched and looped edging for protecting 
and ornamenting the cut edges of woven or knitted fabrics, 


UNITED STATES PATENTS, 
IssUED AND DATED JANUARY IST, 1895. 
531,741, C. MeNeil, Chicago, Ill., machine for sewing fabrics, 
531,770. W.S. Brown, Bedvidere, Ill., feeding mechanism 


ing machines. 
fee SLyTL W. 8."Brown, shuttle for sewing machines, 





531,877. J. W. Smith, Canton, Ohio, embroidering attachment 
for sewing machines, 

531,988. W. R. Abercrombie, Bridgeport, Conn., ruffler for 
sewing machines, 

ISSUED AND DATED JANUARY 8TH, 1895. 

532,074. T. Kundtz, Cleveland, Ohio, sewing machine table 
or cabinet. 

532,203. M.A. J. Keane, Amsterdam,'N.Y.,7striping attach- 
ment for knitting machines. 

532,344. E. H. Smith, New York, N.Y., sewing machine, 

ISSUED AND DATED JANUARY 22ND, 1895. 

532,788. C. E. Kelley, Laconia, N.H., circular knitting 
machine. 

532,957. J.D. Hemphill, Huntington, Conn., feeding attach- 
ment for knitting machines. 

ISSUED AND DATED JANUARY 29TH, 1895. 

533,163. E. and R. Cornely, Paris, France, sewing machine 
for edging. 

533,215. W. R. Dillmore, Philadelphia, Pa., circular knitting 
machine. 

533,301. E. E. Laperriere, Amesbury, Mass., sewing machine, 

533,327. W. G. Tillonand J. W. Clapp, New Haven, Conn., 
sewing machine. 

533,328. W. G. Tillon, shuttle for sewing machines. 

533,380. G. W. Stewart, Chehalis, Wash., combined sewing 
machine and secretary. 

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT, 

24,591. 'T. M. Cannon, for improvements in rocking cradles for 
invalids, and chairs combined. 

24,682. J. Kohler, for improvements in the formation of 
stitched protective and ornamental borders for the edges of woven 
or knitted fabrics. 

24,700. A. Lyon, a communication from E. M. Lyon, of 
Australia, for an adjustable pin tray attachment for sewing 
machines, 

24,711. N. A. Aubertin, for improved mechanism for driving 
sewing and other machines by foot power. 

24,729. A. Carpentier, for improvements in and relating to 
embroidering machines. 

24,914. ‘Tl. Hardstaff, for improvements in or relating to 
children’s mail carts and perambulators. : 

24,982. T. Wilde, for improvements in or relating to knitting 
machines. 

25,124. W. P. Thompson, a communication from W,. 
Heidelmann, of Germany, for improvements in knitting machines 
and the like. 

25,336. P. Mathiesen, for improvements in the construction 
of perambulators, mail carts and the like, 

25,357. P. R. J. Willis, a communication from M. Tobener, of 
United States, for improved folding attachments for sewing 
machines. 

95. H, A. W. Middleditch, for a new or improved automatic 
mechanical brake appliance for perambulators and vehicles. 

161. J. White, for improvements in sewing machines. 

408. W. P. Thompson, a communication from W. H. Zellers, 
of United States, for improvements in or relating to knitting 
machines. 

448. H. L. Bingham, for improvements in tuck sewing 
machines. 

468. KK. H. Smith, for improvements in wax thread machines, 

674. LL. Serra, for an improved device for sewing fabrics, 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED, 
(Price 8d. each.) 

22,450. Sewing Machine Needlethreader. PP. Bralley, of 
Oakland, Cal., U.S.A. Dated November 20th, 1894. 

The object is to provide a device which is adjustable with 
relation to the needle, and needle bar so hinged that it may be 
turned up out of the way when not in use, and readily turned 
down to clasp the needle, having a hole through it which exactly 
coincides with the eye of the needle and serves as a guide to 
direct the thread through the eye, the device being made in two 
separable parts which will open automatically by a slight pull to 
allow the device to be moved away, leaving the needle and thread 
in position for use. 

21,350. Knitting Machines. WH. H. Lake,'a communication 
from J. Miller, of Providence, R.I., U.S.A. Dated November 6th, 
1894. 

Relates to ‘‘straight’ knitting machines. Movable warp 
guides are provided, arranged to be worked successively in 
sections or series, whereby they are thrust outwardly so as to 
hold the warps away from the filling guide as the latter travels 
along, and are then drawn back so as to avoid contact with the 
rising needles, the warp guides remaining in the rearward posi- 
tion until after the descending needles haye formed the corres- 
ponding portion of the knitting thread into loops or stitches, 

24,910. Sewing Machines. HH. H. Lake, a communication 
from the Lincoln Sewing Machine Company, of Exeter, New 
Hampshire, U.S.A. Dated December 27th, 1894. 

The objects of the invention are to provide means to auto- 
matically release and renew the tension on the thread at the 
desired part or parts of the formation of the stitch, thus 
preventing any unnecessary tension on the thread while being 
passed either through the needle, the stock or elsewhere, which 
would tend to rupture the thread or cord, or cut the stock, also 
to provide means whereby the tension is automatically released 
by the stopping or renewed or brought into condition to be 
renewed by the starting of the machine; also to provide means 
to automatically withdraw the back gauges from contact with the 
stock by the stopping of the machine, thas facilitating the 
removal of the stock from, or the placing of the stock upon the 
machine into proper position to be sewed, 





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a 


Aprit. 1, 1895. 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS & 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 
description 
and 
quality, 
to 
suit 
all 
Trades. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 











It 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 


List. Aaah 


Good Value 
Guaranteed 





London Agent — 
Mr. GEO. PEARCE 


39, Holborn 
Viaduct, 





> THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR CO., Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAM. 





MEMO, 





[COPY]. 
From A. B., 
Hosiery Manufacturer, 
s—_. 


February 7th, 1894, 


To Mr. G, STIBBE, 
GLASGOW, 








Dear Sir,— 


In response to your request for a Testimonial for your Machines, 
I beg to say that I have machines by several makers, but more of yours 
than all the others put together, because I consider them better, 


Yours truly, 
A. B. 


NOTE.—The manufacturer whose Testimonial is here given makes a speciality of the Highest Class Scotch Lambswool 


Underwear, and to whom I am at liberty to refer inquirers. 





I am still open for a few solid Agents here and there. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—id. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 





(CHEAPEST HOUSE for Sewing Machines, Washing 

and Wringing Machines, Bicycles, Tricycles, Watches, Jewellery, 
Musical Boxes, Pianos, &c. Cash or hire system ; exceptionally easy 
terms.—W. Lapthorne & Co., 479, Gloucester Road, Horfield, Bristol. 





VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 
represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 


London, E.C. 





SEWING MACHINES.—Agents on the look-out for a 

first-class make of Machines to push, should apply to us for 
Illustrated Catalogue and Terms. Machines for all classes of work at 
keenly-cut prices. Oils, &c.—The Victoria Manufacturing Company, 


Glasgow. 





A SPLENDID INVESTMENT FOR ENERGETIC 

MAN.—For Sale, old-established business in Bassinettes, 
Wringing and Sewing machines, with a splendid connection in Liver- 
pool and suburbs ; large weekly takings, can be easily doubled; will 
be sold as a going concern (stock, goodwill, and hire accounts) at one- 
third its value, business float included; high-class cob and dogcart 
optional. Cash £400.—Address, ‘‘ Bassinette,” c/o Messrs. Sewell & 
Co., 28, Paternoster Row, E.C. 


pa 








WANTED, Furniture, Sewing Machines, Musical 
Instruments, Clocks, Bassinettes, Mail Carts; Bicycles, &c., to 
sell on Commission. Good Showrooms.—Universal Supply Agency, 


Bradford Road, Dewsbury, Yorkshire. 


Riad : 
OLLS.—Extra refined Sewing Machine, &c., 4 o2z,, 

_ 16s. 6d.; 2 0z., IIs. per gross, Attractively put up. BELTS of 
all kinds—round, flat, or angular.—J. W. Cable & Co., 35, Clerken- 
well Road, London. 


ee 
SINGER (family and medium), 2s. per post.—Cox & 
Co., Eagle Works, Alcester. 


WANTED, active and energetic Man to attend to 

Easy Payment business in Cycles and Sewing Machines. State 
experience, all communications confidential.—Address, ‘ Energetic,” 
at the office of the Sewing Machine Gazette. 


OOD TRAVELLER, on commission only, for 
London and South of England, to represent good Cycle and 
Sewing Machine Manufacturing firm. Keen prices and liberal terms. 
Can join this line with other agencies. State experience, connection ; 


| references, &c., to No. 82, Sewing Machine Gazette Office.—A Good 


Traveller also Wanted for the Midlands and Wales. 
Ee 
CONTINENTAL TRAVELLER.—Advertiser, speak- 
ing Six languages, and acquainted with all the Continenta 
sewing machine and cycle dealers, requires berth as traveller. Large 
experience.—Address, ‘‘ Continental,” Sewell & Co., 28, Paternoster 


Row, E.C. 





(See page 32 for other advertisments.) 











z 


— “ ter N 4 % Y Pa Ad Be ee 


12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





APRIL 1, 1895. 





THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1S. per quarter, post free. which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—es. 6d, per annum, or 9d per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 


notified bythe twenty-fifth of each month. } M 

Contributicns,—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arrarged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 

he opening cf new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Trade [nformation.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. , A f f 

Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information, 

In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
‘¢ Rditor,” at the address given below. : 

Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 

articulars on application. 
Se of Cycle aE Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. — ie 

Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? ( : : 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest tothe trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a// our readers do likewise ? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


8, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
"ee ane London, E.C. 








Few of our readers, probably, would 
expect that a  sewing-machine 
repairing shop was a ‘‘factory” 
within the meaning of the Factory Act. During the past 
month, however, one of the leading sewing-machine com- 
panies was summoned for not exhibiting in their 
mechanics’ room the well-known abstract of the Factory 
Act, and fined 4os. Considering that this abstract can 
be obtained for a few pence, the trade should not omit to 
obtain a copy, ana thus avoid the possibility of a 
prosecution. 


The Factory Act. 





A recent decision in the City of London Court 
Fire Claims. should be instructive to any of our readers 

who are compelled to makeclaims on Fire 
Insurance Companies. A butcher in the case in question 
sued the Royal Insurance Company to recover a small 
sum for injury done to an outside blind which occurred 
duringa window fire. The company denied their 
liability, but offered to pay the sum claimed if it were 
accepted as a favour, and not as a right. The butcher, 
however, was a stickler for principle, and refused the 
money on the condition named. Thus arose the action. 
The company in its defence contended that outside blinds 
were not “ household furniture,” and therefore they were 
not liable to pay a single farthing. This Mr. Commis- 
sioner Kerr said was quite correct, and nonsuited the 
plaintiff. The butcher had far better have taken the 
money when offered and let the principle alone, but it 
has required a law-suit to teach him this lesson. 
We are pleased to report a great improve- 
ment in the pram trade the past fortnight. 
It almost seemed, a month ago, that there 
would be no trade at all this year. Almost every factory 
was then crowded with carriages and carts made 
during the winter, and which the manufacturers consider 
should be in the dealers’ hands by the first week in 
February. Further,in most cases the men were either work- 
ing half-time or a smaller staff was employed. The sun, 
however, has been pleased to shine again and make glad the 
hearts of manufacturers and dealers alike. In suchatrade 
as perambulator-making, for the season to be six weeks 
late, as it is the present year, means irreparable loss to the 
manufacturer. Dealers also lose many sales, but the 
manufacturer is perhaps the greatest loser, as the demand 
cemes at a rush, with the result that he must pay for 
much overtime which he cannot charge for, as his prices 
were fixed as far back as Christmas. Thus his profit is 
muiterially reduced. As showing the bad effect the 
cold weather has had on the trade, we might state that 
one well-known manufacturer assured us that during the 
last week of February he had in his warehouse about 4,000 
carriages and carts awaiting orders, as compared with 
former years, when by the middle of February he had 
always sold off his winter production. Verily the pram 
trade do not desire any more ‘‘ old-fashioned” winters. 


The Pram 
Trade. 














THE FIRST AMERICAN SEWING MACHINE 
PATENT. 


The Sew2ng Machine Times of New York has unearthed 
some interesting factsim connection with the first American 
patent for a sewing machine. It is none the less interest- 
ing to our readers because the inventor was an English- 
man. We herewith give an illustration of the machine, 
and the following is our contemporary’s remarks on 
same :— 

“The earliest record of the United States Patent 
Office now in existence, of sewing mechanism, is under 
the date of March roth, 1826, and is embraced in a 
single line. i ficieane : 

“‘Tmp’t in the machine for facilitating the sewing of 
leather. March 10. Henry Lye, Philadelphia. 

“ This line appears in a report of Henry Clay, Secretary 
of State, to the House of Representatives, in which he 
transmits a list of the names of persons to whom 
patents were granted during the year 1826. As printed 
for the House this report was in a pamphlet of nineteen 
pages, containing nothing but the ‘list of names, a ten- 
line letter from the Secretary, and a title-page. 





THE FIRST AMERICAN PATENT SEWING MACHINE. 


“Jt is known that the records and models of the 
Patent Office were destroyed by fire in 1836. It is also 
a fact that Mr. Lye’s residence, with its contents, was 
destroyed at a later date, when it is believed that his 
patent and all machines and models that he may have 
had were also burned. 

“‘ The only positive evidence as to the character of the 
Lye machine that has been accessible to the public since 
sewing machine patents became of interest, is through 
members of Mr. Lye's family, who had seen it when 
in use. 

“Henry Lye was an Englishman, who came to Phila- 
delphia a few years before the date of his patent and 
lived there until his death about thirty years ago. A 
grandson, Dr. Thos. G. Wardle, of Philadelphia, is the 
only one of his descendants now living who has been 
familiar with the subject. To him and his father, now 
dead, the writer is indebted for the facts. The elder 
Dr. Wardle remembered the machine well and described 
it. 

“Henry Lye was a painter by trade, and his wife was 
a glove-maker. Shortly after their arrival in Philadelphia 
Mr. Lye turned his attention to glove-making, and was 
in that business for a few years. He was then appointed 
surveyor and measurer, and held that position during 
the remainder of his active life. He was an ingenious 
man and invented a number of useful articles which he 
did not patent. The machine, which was patented ‘to 
facilitate thesewing of leather,’ would not be called a 
‘sewing machine’ now. It was more properly a work. 





SR Ae Coe a 











APRIL I, 1895. 


holder. It was a modification of the English glove- 
maker’s machine, which his wife and all glove-makers 
used to hold the leather and space the stitches while 
sewing with a common needle. 

“Our cut shows the machine in a form that will be 
readily understood. In use it stands on the floor. The 
operator sits in front of it with a foot on the treadle to 
open the jaws by pressure. The spring closes the jaws 
with the edge of the glove finger projectingabove. The 
edges of the jaws are notched to determine the stitches. 
The operator places the point of her needlein the bottom 
of the notch and thus guides it through the work. 
Passing around curves the jaws must be frequently opened 
for turning the work. 

‘Tt will be seen that while Henry Lye is on record 
as the first American patentee of sewing machinery, his 
invention has no place in the line of invention which 
has produced automatic mechanism. His device might 
with propriety be termed a tool rather than a machine.” 











MACHINE v. HAND-SEWING. 


In our last issue we reproduced from the columns of the 
Tailor and Cutter a criticism on a series of articles on 
the use of the sewing machine, written by Mr. Lewis 
Lyons. The latter gentleman has now published a re- 
joinder, in which, after stating “how absurd it is for 
tailors to object to science being introduced into the 
tailoring trade,” he writes as follows :— 

“T do not claim for the machine to do everything at- 
tached to a garment, but what the sewing machine can 
do it does with accuracy and neatness, and surpasses 
handwork. The sewing machine is yet in its infancy, 
and may reach a stage which will surprise ail of us. 

““Fletchinni’ tells me that a machine breast pocket is torn 
down after a little wear. Here he but displays his ignor- 
ance of the strength of machine work, and has thus 
made himself the laughing stock of the practical 
machinist. The facts are quite the contrary. A machine- 
tacked breast pocket will last longer than one tacked by 
hand, because the construction of the machine admits of 
the needle going through the forepart. ‘Fletchinni’ may 
have got hold of a breast pocket made by an incompetent 
machinist, or he may have tacked one badly himself, but 
that is not the fault of the machine but of the machinist, 
in whom I want to develop taste for better work. The 
same can be said of sewing a seam with double thread of a 
morning or frock coat, and the side seams of the same. If 
‘ Fletchinni ’ desires instructions upon these points, let him 
ask for it through these columns, and I will oblige him 
with an answer. 

“To be doubly sure of the non-stretching of seam, if 
my able critic will use one of Wheeler & Wilson’s Diz 
walking foot machines, he will obtain the desired result, 
and may afterwards feel ashamed of what he has written. 
These, and the waist seam, where the fulness can be 
better regulated by the machine, is better to press open 
than if seamed by hand. All practical coat-pressers admit 
this. Iadmit that ‘side stitching’ cannot be done by 
the machine, such as ‘Fletchinni’ wants it for the 
highest class of tailoring, but it will do everything up to 
side stitching. What of it if a finishing touch is put in 
by hand, considering the amount of time that is saved 
by doing all other parts by machine. The opponents to 
the sewing machine might as well argue against the 


steam engine because the engineer has to apply the 


brakes by hand, and many other machines where a 
finishing touch has to be put in by hand labour. 

“But wait, ‘Fletchinni,) a machine may be so 
constructed that will do ‘stitching’ also, the same as 
there is a felling machine, for binding, the work of which 
is perfect. Ecan oblige him with a sample. There is 
not a thing described by ‘ Fletchinni’ which cannot be 
done by the machine, and this is a sufficient answer, 
without going into details. There is no difficulty what- 
ever in getting cushions by machine in flat braid. Whilst a 
machinist has a knowledge of tailoring, the tailor has little 
or no know!edge of the art and science of machine work. 
The fact of the machinist having to put a garment to- 
gether is a proof of what Isay. The very fact of my 
stating he had worked the machine in a West End shop is 
sufficient to prove his limited knowledge, because there 
are no competent anc practical machinists in the West 
End, where good work is made, as the best part of the 


. ‘ 
a eat 


and Sewing Machine Gazette 








garment is done by hand, gnd‘¥o'does not afford the ma- 
chinist any opportunity of dévéloping his or her know- 
ledge and skill. Machine work is no clumsy imitation, 
but a great improvement upon handwork, and the seams 
are better to press open.” 





ANOTHER “ POCKET” SEWING MACHINE. 


A subscriber has sent us a copy of a prospectus just 
issued by the “Queen” Pocket Lockstitch Sewing 
Machine Syndicate ‘‘ for private circulation only.” We 
fully agree with his statement that this is one of the most 
impudent things yet attempted by the company promoter. 
It is not yet five years since upwards of a quarter of a 
million pounds sterling were lost over the first “pocket” 
sewing machine, and we should be inclined to estimate 
that another hundred thousand pounds have been 
thrown away in the abortive attempt to get the public 
to purchase other so-called sewing machines “ taking up 
small space.” Ifthe investor is open to learn anything 
from experience, he will absolutely refuse to find a single 
penny for “small” sewing machines. There is absolutely 
no market for them, and they utterly fail to answer the 
full purpose of a sewing machine. 

The prospectus of the “ Queen” is a model of its kind. 
It says nothing as to the patentee’s name, nor is there the 
slightest word which would lead to identification of the 
patent. The sparseness of information on this subject is 
In striking contrast with the details as to the prospects of 
the concern. The machines, we are told, can be made 
for 4s. 6d., and the cost of selling them—that is to say, 
rent, directors’ fees, management, advertising, allowance 
for bad debts, legal expenses, in fact, everything, is put at 
sixpence per. machine ! !! The thousand agents who 
are to sell two machines per week, “ without taking into 
account the sales to tradesmen and stores,” are, we see, 
to be paid a “commission ”’ of 2s. ‘per machine. But in 
spite of this liberal treatment of agents the company are 
able to hold out the prospect of a profit of £67,000 
on the sale of only 104,000 sewing machines a year ! ! ! 
But the more reasonable estimate, says the prospectus, 
would be that each agent would sell four machines per 
week, showing asale of 208,000. Thus the profit on the 
business would be one hundred and thirty-four thousand 
pounds a year on ‘‘a reasonable estimate” ! 

Our readers should not fail to notice the names of the 
sewing-machine experts who have given certificates. We 
should like to know who “James Renshaw,’ ‘ W. 
Foster,” ‘‘ W. C. Whittier,” and ‘Go. H. Smith” really 
are. They all appear to have had many years of experi- 
ence, but we cannot find that even their names are known 
in the trade. 

The following is the prospectus :— 


THE “QUEEN” POCKET LOCKSEIICEH 
SEWING MACHINE SYNDICATE. 


The article advertised is a Patent Pocket Lockstitch 
Sewing Machine, and, is the smallest, strongest, cheapest, 
and most useful Machine ever manufactured. Although 
so small—being 6 inches long and 44 inches-wide—it is no 
toy, and will work the hardest household substances, and 
its intended price, £1, will make it available to rich and 
poor, and the sale will, therefore, be enormous. 

It is guaranteed to complete any kind of household 
work in thesame manner as the large Machines now in 
the market, and, although differing in its construction, can 
compete with well-known Machines for its simplicity, 
compactness, usefulness, and beautiful stitching, which can 
only be compared to the collar stitch. 

An estimate has been prepared, with the aid of experts, 
based upon the sale of Singer’s Sewing Machines. 

The present machine will have no stand or table, it is 
made so that it may be carried about, and fasten on to 
any table, and be worked by hand or the foot, at pleasure. 

It is intended to sell the Machine for cash, and not on 
the hiring system, and to employ Agents throughout 
Great Britain, and have it manufactured at a low con- 
tract price, thereby saving all first and heavy expenses of 
workshops. 

It is well known that small patented articles realise 
enormous sums of money, and one article often makes 
the fortune of the inventor. The following is a list, 
taken from Zzvention, showing the various large sums of 
money made by inventors, ( We suppress this ) 











14 


It is expected that Tradesmen and Stores all over the 
Kingdom will be great buyers of the Machine, and by 
appointing about 1,000 Agents in Great Britain and Ire- 
land it is estimated that, if each Agent only sells two 
Machines per week (which is the lowest estimate that can 
in reason be taken), the total sale (without taking into 
account the sales to Tradesmen and Stores) in one year 
would be 104,000, but the more reasonable estimate would 
be that each Agent wouldsell four Machines per week, 
showing a sale of 208,000. The following low estimate 
has therefore been prepared in conjunction with those who 
are thoroughly acquainted with the manufacture and sale 
of Sewing Machines :— 


By 104,000 Machines at £1 each 

To making 104,000 Machines at 4/6 each 423,400 
», Commission on above at 2/- each 10,400 
, Office and sundry expenses at 6d. each 2,600 





£104,000 0 0 


36,400 0 O 


Profit one year 467,600 0 O 

This estimate is based on a very low scale, and from 
inquiries that have been made, and offers that have been 
received, it is confidently assured that this estimate will 
be doubled, and, to show that this estimate is not an 
absurd or exorbitant one, it should be recollected that 
Singer’s sell yearly 800,000 Machines et £4 4s., and are 
still increasing their sale. 

The author of Singer’s Sewing Machine left at his 
decease £ 3,000,000 sterling! Wheeler & Wilson were 
reputed to have divided many years an income of 
£20,000, and these facts no doubt led to the remark of 
Lord Brougham, when he once said, ‘‘He would gladly 
exchange his honours and emoluments for the profits and 
renown of the inventor of the Sewing Machine.” 

The following are Certificates from Sewing Machine 
experts :— 

““T have carefully inspected the Pocket Lock- 
stitch Sewing Machine. ...... As a practical 
man of over twenty-five years’ experience, and 
thoroughly acquainted with the manual working 
of Sewing Machines, I am of opinion that the 
Machine is a most carefully and _ well-con- 
structed one, and it can be manufactured at 
about 4s. 6d. each in bulk. It will prove one of the 
most remarkable machines on record ; its sale shc.uld 
exceed that of Singer’s Sewing Machine, which, I 
believe, exceeds 800,000 per annum, if it can be sold 
under £1 Is.—JAMES RENSHAW.” 

“The Pocket Sewing Machine is a well-con- 
structed oie, and carefully arranged, and is the most 
ingenious one I have yet come across, and can 
be manufactured at about 4s. 6d. in quantity. It will 
prove one of the most marvellous machines of the 
present day. It is neatly finished, and will 
stand any amount of wear and tear. It should have 
a very large sale if placed on the market cheap, and 
if sold under 30s. should command a much larger 
sale than Singers’, who sell some 500,000 a year. 
I speak from twenty years’ experience — W. 

- FostEr.” 

“T have inspected the‘ Queen’ Pocket Lockstitch 
Sewing Machine, and in my opinion it is a first- 
class work, and if it can be made cheap (as | think 
it can), and sold at about 18s., there will be a most 
remarkable sale, as it is what has been wanted by 
the public for years.—W. C. WHITTIER.” 

Another expert of 35 years’ standing, who has been 
engaged on almost every class of machine, says: “I have 
examined and tried the machine, and in my opinion the 
sale will be immense. It is much called for, 
taking up small space——Gero. H. SmitH.” 

The syndicate proposes to raise the sum of £3,000, of 
which a considerable part has already been promised, 
and from this amount pay the vendor the sum of £1,000 
as part of the purchase-money, leaving the balance of 
£2,000 to be used for the purpose of forming a Limited 
Company with a capital of £80,000, of which £15,000 
will be first mortgage debentures at 6 per cent. The 
syndicate shares will be for £25 each, but the Syndicate 
reserves to itself the right to allot any less number than 
applied for, and in that case will return the money sub- 
scribed for the shares not allotted to the subscribers. 

In addition, it is proposed to give the members of the 
syndicate the first option of applying for shares, and 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 











AprRIL 1, 1895, 





having them allotted before applying to the general 
public. 

The capital invested in the syndicate will be returned 
by the vendor to the subscribers, together with a further 
sum equal to the amount invested in cash, on flotation of 
the company. 

It is hardly necessary to point out the great success 
that has hitherto attended the sewing machines, and the 
enormous sums of money that have and are still being 
made, to show that the sewing machine in question will, 
as predicted by the experts, have a wonderful sale, as it 
will reach, amongst others, the millions who have hitherto 
been unable to afford the luxury of a sewing machine. 

CAPIIAIE S ee £3,000. 
TRUSTEE FOR THE SYNDICATE: 
J. S. WEBB, Esq., of the firm of Messrs. Lye, Webb, 
& Co., 19 to 21, Fore Street Avenue, E.C. 
BANKERS : 

THE LONDON AND SOUTH WESTERN BANK, 
LIMITED, 70, Fleet Street, E.C. 
SOLICITORS : 

H.R. MEAKIN, Eso, 39, St. Andrew’s Hill, Doctor’s 
Commons, E,C. 

S. E. STONEHOUSE, Eso., Rolls Chambers, Chancery 
Lane, W.C. 

OFFICES : 

39, St. Andrew’s Hill, Doctor’s Commons, E.C. 

[We were going to comment further on this pros- 
pectus, but on looking to the imprint we find that it 


is issued by the Viction Press Agency Company, 
Limited !] 





THE USE OF THE NAME SINGER IN 
CEYLON. 

In our number for August, 1894, we gave a verbatim 
report of the judgment of the District Court of Colombo, 
Ceylon, in the matter of the Singer Manufacturing Com- 
pany v. the Sewing Machines Company, Limited, which 
went in favour of the plaintiffs. Against this the defen- 
dants appealed, and judgment was delivered by the 
Supreme Court of Ceylon, on February 22nd last. 

Mr. Rustomji N. Rustomji, the managing director of 


the Sewing Machines Company, Limited, writes us as 
follows :— 





Under the head ‘‘ The use of the name Singer in Ceylon” the 
Sewing Machine Gazette of August, 1894, contains a verbatim 
report of a judgment of the District Court of Colombo restraining 
the defendants, their servants, and agents from using a signboard 
with the words 


Singer Sewing Machines 


of 
The Singer Manufacturing Co. 
of 


New York, London, Bombay, ete. 


Against this the defendants appealed, and the Supreme Court 
of Ceylon, the highest tribunal in the land, delivered judgment 
on Friday, 22nd February, 1895, setting aside the judgment of the 
lower court, with costs against the plaintiffs, the Singer Manufac- 
turing Co. 

A verbatim report of the judgment I enclose for your perusal, 
and request you in justice to the company to publish it im 
extenso in the-next number of your widely read journal. 

Your heading and prefatory remarks to the judgment published 
by you in August last would have led your readers to infer 
that the action arose from some infrigement by defendants of 
plaintiff's trade name Singer, which however was not the case, 
as you will see from a perusal of enclosed copy of the Plaint as 
well as of defendants’ answer, which also I request you to publish 
in extenso for the benetit of your readers and guidance of such 
of them as are engaged in the Sewing Machine trade. All that 
defendants did was this : they are vendors of Sewing Machines, 
and are agents of certain manufacturers; but such agency does 
not prevent them from stocking and selling other makers’ 
machines, and as a matter of fact they stock and sell Sewing 
Machines manufactured by half a dozen different makers, and 
among them Singer Machines manufactured by the plaintiff 
company ; such being the case, they displayed before their shop a 
signboard bearing the inscription ‘“‘Singer Sewing Machines 
of the Singer Manufacturing Coy.” to intimate to the public 
that they had this makers Sewing Machines for sale. 
In this they did nothing more than a dealer would and 
could do who displays such signboards as ‘‘ Pear’s Soap,” ‘‘ Day 
and Martin’s Blacking,” ‘‘Crosse and Blackwell’s Pickles,” to 
advertise that he has these makers’ goods for sale. Add to 
this that, in view of the judgment of the H. L., defend ants 
in advertising Singer Machines could not do less than give in ful] 
the name of the manufacturers whose ‘‘Singer” machines they 
were selling. If, instead of saying Singer’s Sewing Machines of 





Hae te Cringe Gee ir re Ae re ORIE oi 


\ 


\ ae 
f< 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 


Apri. 1, 1895. 
a 


the Singer Manufacturing Coy., defendants had* only said 
Singer Sewing Machines, leaving out the maker’s name, that 
would have given the Singer Coy. an excuse to say that 
defendants were advertising other makers’ machines (for instance, 
Seidel and Naumann’s machines) as Singer Machines without a 
proper context—that is, without explicitly stating the maker’s 
name, and action taken on that ground would have been more 
difficult for defendants to meet. 

I am preparing for publication a full report of the proceedings 
in this case, and will send you an early copy. 

Before closing, I may. mention that the poster issued by the 
Singer Manufacturing Company in connection with this case, 
an exact copy of which you have given immediately below the 
lower court Judgment in your August number, has given rise to 
further litigation, as the Sewing Machines Co. Lim., feeling 
aggrieved by certain passages therein, have filed a plaint against 
the Singer Company for libel and defamation, and claim 10,000 
rupees damages. ‘This action is now ripe for trial, and the result 
will be communicated to you.—Yours faithfully, 

Rustonyt N. RustTonyt. 





The following is a copy of the judgments :— 

A trading company, a professional man, and possibly 
even private individuals have right to restrain others 
from using their names or from advertising, whether in 
the newspapers or by posters or handbills or by boards or 
signs on houses and shops, words which falsely assert or 
imply that at that place the firm or person described in 
the advertisement carries on trade or his profession. 

If the defendants had put up a board with the words 
“ The Singer Manufacturing Company,” there can be no 
doubt that they could have been obliged to remove it, 
and if they asserted, or unmistakably implied, that they 
were the agents of the Singer Manufacturing Company, 
they could be restrained, but if the advertisement is 
merely that they had Singer Sewing Machines in stock 
for sale, such an advertisement would be unobjection- 
able, because the patent had expired, and any one could 
buy and sell these machines. Of course if the defen- 
dants—nay, if the plaintiffs or any one else, sold 
a machine, pretending it was a real Singer, whereas it 
was of another construction, and by another maker, they 
would render themselves liable in damages to the pur- 
chaser who had been deceived, but here it is only a ques- 
tion what meaning would an ordinary man attach to the 
signboard ; would he think, “‘ Here is a branch of Singer’s 
Manufacturing Company,” or “Here is an agent of 
Singer’s Company, ” or would he think that ‘“ Here is a 
shop where Singer’s Machine can be bought”? The 
words painted on the board are harmless and unobjection- 
able ; they convey no more than that the advertiser has 
the machines for sale, but it is urged that an advertise- 
ment unobjectionable in itself becomes objectionable from 
the position in which it is put. Ifa smaller board with 
the same words had been put in the shop window or 
inside the ‘shop, or had been one among many others 
in the outer verandah, it is conceded that the use of it in 
these places and in that form would have been within 
the defendants’ right. For instance, a grocer may put on 
his walls boards which attract the eye with ‘ Pear’s 
Soap” and “Coleman’s Mustard,”’ and somebody else’s 
Baking Powder. But if, instead of advertising the 
possession of some article in the ordinary way, a man puts 
up a board in the place where the name of the firm or 
owner of the shop is usually put, if the size of the board 
be larger, the lettering bigger, than the ordinary adver- 
tisement of goods for sale, that may amount to a false 
representation of residence cr agency. I do not think 
that the oral evidence adduced at the trial helps us much 
ifatall. On carefully considering the evidence and the 
judgment of the learned judge, [have come to a conclu- 
sion that the board with its advertisement does not state, 
imply, or suggest more than that in the shop below these 
Singer’s Machines were for sale. This the defendants 
were entitled to do. 

I would set aside and dismiss the action with costs. 

5 A. C. Lawrie. 

In order to sustain the plaintiff company’s claim in 
this action to have a certain signboard removed from the 
premises of the defendant company and to have the 
company restrained from using that or any similar sign- 
board, we are asked to find that this signboard is 
intended to represent that the defendant company is 
agent for the sale of the plaintiff company’s machines 
known as “‘ Singer’s Sewing Machines,” and is calculated 
to deceive the public into the belief that the defendant 
company is agent for the sale at its premises of the said 
sewing machines. 











As I have heard no evidence read to me that any 
single person has been induced by that signboard either 
to believe or to act in the belief that the company in 
whose premises it is suspended are the agents for the sale 
of those machines at these premises, I have to decide as 
a juryman whether the signboard, from the words on it 
and the place where it is suspended, is calculated 
to excite what is a false belief and is intended to 
do so. If it is reasonably calculated to excite that 
false belief, I should be forehand to hold that 
it was intended to excite that false belief, and that 
this effect and intention combine to cause the plaintiff 
company an injury in their trade as the manufacturers of 
Singer’s Sewing Machines on account of which they 
would be entitled to some such relief as they claim. This 
board is suspended over a public street in front of 
premises where the defendant company sell various kinds 
of sewing machines. It is placed so as to catch the eyes 
of those who use the street. It contains no other words 
than the following :— 

“Singer’s Sewing Machines 
of 
The Singer’s Manufacturing Co. 
of 
New York, London, Bombay, &c.” 

In this state of things, can I decide as a matter of fact 
that this signboard with those words and in that position 
is reasonably calculated to induce the belief that the 
defendant company is the agent for the sale of Singer’s 
Machines as manufactured by the plaintiff at the pre- 
mises where the signboard hangs ? 

It was admitted by Mr. Dornhorst that the defendants 
would be perfectly justified in advertising that they had 
for sale at the premises Singer’s Sewing Machines, if 
they meant no more than kept these machines for sale 
on the premises. It was contended that they must not 
hold themselves out as agents for the sale of plaintiff 
company’s machines, as in fact they were and are not, and 
it was, of course, contended that the use of the signboard 
in the circumstances formed at the trialamounted to such 
a false reputation to the injury of the plaintiff company. 

One thing is perfectly clear from this signboard, that 
the defendant company disclosed who were the manu- 
facturers of what was advertised as ‘‘Singer’s Sewing 
Machines ’’—viz., the plaintiff company, and they did not 
represent themselves as the manufacturers. Speaking for 
myself, all that I should infer from seeing this signboard 
is that the defendant company had on the premises for 
sale Singer’s Sewing Machines of the plaintiff company ; 
but I am not to speak for myself, but for one of the 
public interested in the purchase of a machine of the 
kind. If this was all the signboard was intended and 
calculated to convey, the defendant company would not 
be doing anythirg restrainable by this Court. 

In the case cited to us by Mr. Dornhorst, of Wheeler 
& Wilson v. Shakespeare (39 L. J., Ch. 37), the learned 
Vice-Chancellor refused to restrain the defendant from 
using the words ‘‘ Wheeler & Wilson” as descriptive of 
any sewing machine other than the sewing machine 
manufactured by the plaintiff; but he restrained him 
altogether from describing himself—as he was told to do— 
as agent for the sale of the Wheeler & Wilson Machine. 

So long as he described himself as a person selling 
machines manufactured on the principle of Wheeler & 
Wilson, he was quite within his rights in doing so, but he 
was not entitled to pretend that he was carrying on 
Wheeler & Wilson’s business as their agent. 

The present case of a description of the false represen- 
tation of a business connection must not be confounded 
with the analogous cases of a trader passing off his goods 
as the goods of another trader, which is clearly an action- 
able using, and which is often added as a cause of action 
to the infringement of a trade mark in case the latter 
action should break down. Such evidence as was led by 
the plaintiff went in the direction that the defendant 
company attempted to pass off the machines they had for 
sale as plaintiffs’ Singer Machines. 

Ido not say that such a case was made out, but I do 
say that that is a different case from the present one, 
which is grounded on a false representation that the 
defendant company is the agent for sale of the plaintiff 
company’s machines. 

It must not be forgotten as a fact to be considered in 
this case that the defendant company’s shop had the name 














Sa epee 


ie 








of the defendant company conspicuously placed on it out- 
side and visible from the verandah. Intending customers 
who used the verandah only could not, as I understand, 
observe the signboard overhanging the street, while those 
who having seen the signboard from the street would on 
mounting the verandah, to which they must come to 

obtain access to the shop, be confronted with the name of 
the defendant company, ‘The Sewing Machines Co.,” 

overhanging the verandah, 

Can I say that the signboard was the possibie source of 
a deception that the place where it was suspended was 
a depot of the plaintiff’s machines, that the defendant 
company’s business was connected with the plaintiff 
company’s business, that in fact defendant company was 
the agent for the sale of plaintiff company’s machines ? 

If I can say so, I must affirm the judgment,and support 
an injunction to prevent the defendants from using a sign- 
board which could possibly deceive customers into 
believing that the defendant company’s premises was a 
depot for the sale of the plaintiff company’s machines by 
the defendant company as their agent. 

In view of the fact that this signboard has been hang- 
ing where it is for some four years during the old com- 
pany, and for two years during the new company, and 
that no one has come forward to say that he has been 
induced by the signboard to believe that the defendant 
cormpany’s premises is a depot for the sale of the plaintiff 
company’s machines as an agency business, I find myself 
quite unable to give judgment against the defendant 
company. I think the appeal succeeds, and with costs. 
The action is dismissed with costs. 

(Signed) G. H. WITHERS. 

The Sewing Machines Company, Limited, also send 
us acopy ofthe Ceylon Independent for February 25th, 
which contains the following paragraph :— 


THE SEWING MAcHINE CasE.—The Judgment of the Supreme 
Court in this case, dismissing the plaintiff's action, has come asa relief 
to the merchants in the Pettah, who had reasons to fear that the effect 
of the District Court Judgment, if upheld, would be to prevent them 


- (unless they were appointed agents by the manufacturers) from adver- 


tising the well-known articles of commerce, such as Pear’s Soap, Day 
and ‘Martin’s Blacking, Crosse and Blackwell’s Jams, &c., &c. To 
mark the event a large and influential section of the traders in the 
Pettah have entertained Mr. Rustémji N. Rustomji, the Managing 
Director of the Sewing Machines Company, Limited, at dinner. 


CAUSE OF THE SHOE STRIKE. 


The Dazly Chronzcle special correspondent writes the 
following as regards the disastrous shoe trade strike now 
in progress :—The further inquiries I have made to-day 
only go to strengthen the opinion I expressed on Friday, 
that this dispute isa question of the introduction of 
machinery, and of that alone. All the other side issues 
which have been magnified into a casus bellz by both 
sides are really the makeshifts by means of which the 
present conflict has been precipitated. It must not be 
forgotten that the machine-manufacture of boots and 
shoes is practically a new industry. It came into 
existence with the invention of the sewing machine in 
the early fifties, and there was in 1859 a long and bitter 
strike against the introduction of sewing machines, 
followed by the refusal of the lasters to work up the 
uppers sewn by machinery. This struggle led to the 
inevitable defeat of the men and to the introduction of 
sewing machinery for the manufacture of the uppers ; 
and here, for the sake of the lay reader I ought to make 
one or two explanations. The upper of a shoe is the 
whole shoe, excluding the sole. A laster is a man 
who joins the upper to the sole, whether by means of 
rivets or of stitches. A finisher is the man who puts 
the finishing touches on the shoe after it is made, such as 
paring down the side of the sole and heel, burnishing up 
the sides, and generally putting the shoe into a market- 
able condition. Since 1859 many things have happened. 
To begin with there has been a marked improvement in 
the physique of the shoemakers, as well as in their 
morale, and they have succeeded in establishing a strong 
trade union to look after their claims to justice, and so 
they view the present introduction of machinery ina 
very different light. They know that it is inevitable. 
They also know that it will in the end improve their 
status, but during the transition period they insist upon 
the right to have a say in the way in which their indus- 
try shall be carried on, and upon the question of wages 


: 16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 








APRIL 1, 1895. 


which are affected by the introduction of machinery. 
That is the boot dispute ina nutshell. The employers, 
on the other hand, by the first of their ‘‘seven command- 
ments,” refuse to consider any question of wages for two 
years, and this in the face of the fact that the whole 
industry may be revolutionised within that period if the 
same changes take place as have taken place during the 
past two years. 








THE AFFAIRS OF MR. W. ROTHWELL. 


The further examination of William Rothwell, hosiery manufacturer 
and knitting and sewing machine dealer, of Bolton, was proceeded 
with last month at the Bolton Bankruptcy Court, before Mr. Registrar 
Holden. Mr. Dixon, of Manchester, again appeared for Mr. Rothwell ; 
and Mr, Addleshaw, of the same city, represented the trustee and 
liquidators of the Rothwell Hosiery Company, as well as the Union 
Bank of Manchester. 

Mr. Addleshaw, at the opening of the Court, stated that on the last 
occasion (see our last issue) the Deputy-Registrar said that if the 
trustee required any special accounts an order would be made. Mr. 
Rothwell, however, proffered to provide certain accounts, and those 
had been handed to the trustee about two days ago. It would take at 
least ten days to examine these accounts, and he therefore proposed to 
only Shortly examine Mr. Rothwell that day. He might say that these 
accounts showed that Mr. Rothwell received in shares and cash 
4117,000, and Mr. Rothwell in these accounts furnished particulars of 
how the cash and shares had been disposed of. Mr. Addleshaw added 
that Mr. Rothwell had offered to supply particulars as to his interest 
in a certain patent, and this would save the time of the Court. There 
were two or three other points upon which the debtor had given 
information, but which was not satisfactory or quite consistent with that 
got from other quarters. : 

The examination of Mr. Rothwell was continued, and he was 
questioned at considerable length by Mr. Addleshaw as to the sale of 
the equity of Hollywood, Heaton. He obtained a sum of £500 for it 
from a Mr. Sellars, of Keighley, and the transaction was completed 
before the receiving order was made. It was, however, after he had 
been served with the bankruptcy notice, but he said he was entitled to 
sell up to thereceiving order being made. 

Mr. Addleshaw: We will see about that. 

Replying to further questions, Mr. Rothwell said he received the 
4500 mostly in notes. There might have been a cheque, and there 
were certainly some orders upon Mr. Sellars’ customers. He supplied 
particulars and receipts as to the disposal of £315 of the 4500, and 
the balance went in household expenses and in the payment of small 
shop debts. He could not give particulars of every penny he spent, 
but the £500 was all disposed of bcfore he saw the Official Receiver 
on December 12th. He gave about £140 to his wife, and she had the 
expenses of the home from October to December to defray with it. 

Mr. Addlesnaw pressed for details of the 4180. 

Mr. Rothwell said he could not give the details, or further particulars 
than already supplied. 

Mr. Addleshaw said he wanted the details, as they believed the pay- 
ments had not been made. 

Mr. Rothwell: How had I to live? 

Mr. Addleshaw: Upon your creditors’ money. 

Mr. Rothwell: I tell you I did not. 

In auswer to other questions, the debtor said that when he went to 
the Official Receiver on December 12th he had only £3 15s. His 
wife might have had some. He had not recently received any machi- 
nery from America, but he knew of two knitting machines that had 
been consigned. They came into the possession of his wife some time 
within the last three months. He knew that they were consigned to 
«Wm. Rothwell & Co., Limited,”’ and they came into the possession of 
his wife because the company wasina lad way. His wife paid for 
them, and one was at her warehouse. These particular machines were 
made to the order of Wm. Rothwell & Co., and delivered in Liverpool 
to their order. They were stopped, however, by Messrs. Scott & 
Williams, the makers, but not through his interference. 

Mr. Dixon pointed out that the machines in question had never been 
in the possession of W. Rothwell & Company, or been paid for by 


them. 

Mr. Addleshaw asked for an order to the effect that Mr. Rothwell 
file an account showing how the 4500 obtained from Sellars was dis- 
posed of. He also asked that he should be allowed to ask for a further 
cash and goods account, so as fo make it part of the proceedings. 

Mr. Rothwell said he had already prepared and had handed in a 
statement showing his transactions for seven years. 

After some argument an order was made to the effect that Mr. 
Rothwell file an account showing details as to the expenditure of the 


00. 

The Official Receiver intimated that he had a few questions to put 
to the debtor. He said: In your statement of affairs, Mr. Rothwell, 
you have set forth the value of your property as £26,425 8s. tod., and 
show a surplus of £18,948 ros. 9d.—Yes. nd 

Do you still adhere to the statement that at the time of the receiving 
order you were perfectly solvent, and that you had a surplus of 
£18,000?—I do. 

Do you consider the property of the same value to-day ?—No, that 
is notso. 

What has happened to alter the position of affairs?-—-Well, we have 
had lawyers, liquidators, accountants, and what not, wasting the money 
every minute since ; that is the reason. : ; 

Then you consider the property has gone down in value since the 
receiving order ?—Very much. 

Sufficiently to sweep away the surplus 1—I am not prepared to say 
that. Jt all depends upon the re-construction of the Rothwell Hosiery 
Company. The debtor added that the statement of affairs was based 
upon the liquidator’s value. For what had taken place since he was 
not responsible. : Aales R 

Ajter some further arguments the examination was adjourned. 


i ea eS 








Appin r, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 


Wy 


1 ES SERRE FE SS SS 
AMERICAS EXPORT OF SEWING MACHINES. 


We give hereunder an interesting table, which shows 
that either the exports of American-made sewing 
machines have considerably declined of late years or that 


formerly. We are endeavouring to procure similar 
statistics as to the exports of Jonathan’s greatest 
competitor—Germany—as the comparison will be highly 


the machines are now declared at a lower value than | instructive :— 
EXPORTS OF SEWING MACHINES FROM THE UNITED STATES.—ALL PORTS, 
Compiled expressly for Special “‘Sewing Machine Times ” Supplement from the Records of the Treasury Department, 




















= 1886. 1887. 1888. 
Country. Value. Value. Value. 

United Kingdom oe. == $958,069 | $687,582 
Germany vee S30 os — 330,536 364,871 
France .. fee eee Bo — 95,337 64,762 
Other Hurope ... = co _— 117,228 54,301 
British North America =: _ 99,317 90,305 
Mexico... cot 668 — 136,896 160,773 
Central America 600 oe _— 63,044 75,509 
Cuba... 2a O20 se | = | 
Porto Rica Ee nc = 
Santo Domingo ane 560 f _ Sees Syste 
Other W. I. and B. 4 one | _— 
Argentine Republic ... ae = | 106,274 96,759 
Brazil tai: — | 48,085 52,849 
Colombia , = 40,390 69,677 
Other S. America _ | 103,476 115,651 
China ia | = — 
Br. Australasia = | 123,194 158,441 
Br. India and E.I. — | —_— —_— 
Other Asia and O. — 34,823 20,564 
Africa ... 000 — — _— 
Other Countries = | 11,070 12,645 

Total ant .. ($2,270,165 ($2,307,357 '$2,092,053 


















































1889, 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 1894. 
Value. Value. Value. Value. Value. Value. 
$966,285 | $999,061 { $745,496 | $890,480 | $733,678 | $653,002 
322.990 | 509.280 | 633,629 | 647,347 | 378,198 | 24s'196 
119,394 | 105,147 | 228,137 | 125,700] 62,607 | 110,758 

52,872 | 105,591 | 137,512} 131598 | 91,735| 78.369 

58,104 | 69,349 | 58,522 | 70,004 | 102,607 | 116,550 
178,806 | 222,520] 149,359 | 153,477) 151,684| 149,706 

83,254 | 89,734 | 100,364 | 60,029) 49.249 | 42.652 

188,538 | 189,273 | 173,980 | 118,374 

oe 4, "848 3.573 3,284 
82,122 | 136,294 2,743 2,568 2,952 2,369 
26,348 | 25,207) 31,788 | 24,498 

110,589 | 30,147| 16379] 45,246| 86300! 45,058 

76,504 | 68,209]  79,109| 72428 | 97,098 | 136,695 

86,537 | 107,263 | 118,074| 77,184| 63,403! 49/661 
137,886 | 159,731 | 150,976 | 115,496 | 122,809 | 100,478 

aS eet Be 5,519 3,513 2,650 
243,811 | 246,033 | 322,388 | 205,368 | 266,718 | 176,805 
WO pie FF om 4651 5,533 2,937 
40,119 | 27,842 31,598, 16,187/ 18690| 17,949 
15,756 | 12.260 |, 11,174 5,027 9,576 | 11.579 
1,010 1,113] 1.272 528 798 357 
'$2,575,539 $2,889,574 $2,955,893 [$2,818,165 |$2,456,487 [$3,064,787 





A FEW ADVERTISING SUGGESTIONS. 


Our enterprising American contemporary, the New 
York Sewing Machine Times, in its last “Supplement ” 
gives anumber of the examples of advertising mottoes, 
&c., sent in competition for award. We follow on with 
a few examples which may be of use ‘‘on this side.” 


A SEWCIAL ELEVATOR. 


We're sure if the facts could be found, 
The agent and iron-jaw’d drummer, 
In Eden’s fair garden renowned, 
Were scarce as the snow-flakes in summer 3 
To Adam, a collar or shirt, 
Were vague and indefinite dreams ; 
While Eve, when she ventured to flirt, 
Was chiefly wrapped up in her schemes, 


The Fig leaf of old has long ceased 

To serve as a screen for the figure, 
Though off in the far remote East 

Tis still the ‘full dress” of the nigger ; 
But here in the fashions all new, 

Our wives and our sweethearts serene, 
Give credit where credit is due, 

And ’tis due to the ——— machine. 





We manufacture the favourite machine ; 
Has high arm, straight, self-setting needle ; 
Every stitch perfectly made, no skipping ; 
Elastic seams without any puckering ; 

Light or heavy goods, most any thickness, 
Equally well sewed with lock or chain stitch ; 
ape light-running, easy to manage. 


Wood is selected and carefully seasoned ; 
Tron and wood-work together substantial ; 
Light finish, dark finish, oak or walnut, 
Styles so varied, and prices according, 
One may choose from (with satisfaction) 
Weat Hand Case to Cabinet for Parlour. 





LADIES WANTED. 


A few Ladies of good social standing and influence 
in each community, to have a free trial and test of the 
merits of the 


DAVIS VERTICAL FEED 


Sewing Machine. 

For ease and convenience it is without an equal. 

It sews from tissue paper to sole leather without 
changing stitch or tension ; it never fulls or puckers the 
under ply ; it dispenses with all basting, as it feeds while 
the needle is in the goods ; it steps over seams and rough 
places as nimbly as a deer in the forest ; it is as noiseless 
as the whisperings of love, and as swift as time, when 
your note is about due and funds short. 

It’s a beauty to see, a pleasure to use, and a joy for ever 


to Own. 





To make home happy 
For child and wife, 
Is the pathos and sublime 
Of ** human life.” 


This dream can be realized by purchasing the 


NEW HOME | 


SEWING MACHINE, 


Modern in Construction. 
Wonderful in Range and Quality of Work. 


“ THE WHITE IS KING.” 


So proclaim the nations, America herself bestowing 
the crown. 

(To be followed by the picture of a sewing machine 
seated on a throne, surrounded bya representative of 
each of the civilized countries, dressed in appropriate 
costumes, with America holding a crown above the 
occupant of the throne.) 


“BREAK, BREAK, BREAK, OH NEEDLE AND THREAD, 
on some machines, but never on the —— 








THE ANCHOR SEWING MACHINE. 


We have had brought to our notice a new sewing 
machine called the “ Anchor,” which the Bishop 
Cluster Company, Limited, are advertising in the present 
issue. It is new only so far as this firm is concerned, for 
it resembles the ‘vibrating shuttle” or “ cylinder 
shuttle” style, although it does not, they assure us, in 
the least degree infringe any patent rights of others 
There seems to be a great tendency to this style of 
machine at the present day, and this is the latest addi- 
tion to the flock. 

The machine is what is known as “ high arm,” and is 
capable of any range of work, and has an extra tension 
for the purpose of using coarse thread if desired. 

The shuttle is of “cylinder” pattern, and has one of 
the most simple methods of threading we have ever seen 
The needles are self-setting, and there is a lever for en 
tracting the shuttle. A box for the tools and fittings is 
let into the base underneath the hand appliance, and 
indeed, the machine embodies all the latest improve. 
ments. 

In appearance the machine is very bold and imposing 
and is beautifully japanned and finished. As to its work. 
ing, as is usual with this type it is almost noiseless, and 
runs very easily. " 














18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Ve hi 


TAPRIL 1, 1895. 





COLLECTING INSTALMENTS. 


In a recent issue of the New York Sewing Machine 
Times a correspondent asked for a plan of collecting 
instalments, to which ‘‘ Spoke-in-the Hub” replies as 
follows :—You are asking impossibilities in a plan for 
collecting instalments, if you mean one for general use all 
over the country. The man who could make one died 
before Howe was born, if he ever lived. Such a plan could 
only work in older times than these—unless, indeed, it 
had eleven hundred or more alternate rules for applica- 
tion in as many cases. 

Put the collection slips in the hands ofa man who has 
learned the collectors’ trade, have a good man watching 
the books, discharge both if the results are not satisfac- 
tory. That is my plan, recommended, confidently, as the 
best you can get, 

The average sewing machine man don’t go much on 
rules and regulations. They are traditions of a time when 
he was expected to do so, and never fulfilled the expecta- 
tions. Now—well, he’s just humping himself to ‘get 
there ’’ by the shortest road. 

Now you don’t want any of the old A BC of the 
business. You don’t want to stuff your readers with the 
prompt, energetic, polite, untiring lecture. You might as 
well tell the manager to have his office swept once a week 
and the windows washed occasionally. The sewing 
machine men were not born yesterday. They are out of 
school. Tell the collector, ifhe is acollector worth a pinch 
of snuff, to ‘‘dun hard,” and it means as much as if you 
read him a lecture. 

Neither do your readers care for any discussion of the 
influences that surround a collector. What matters it if 
the salesmen were at fault ; what has the manager’s 
competency got to do with it? The poor collector must 
struggle the same as the rest of us. He is not hired to 
sleep in a bed of roses. His job is getting the money— 
such a3 it is—the best he can—as quick as he can. 

No, sir ; youcan’t get any “‘plan”’ for collections. 
You can’t, and that is the end of it. 


POISON IN THE ‘“‘ PRAM.” 


The following paragraph has been going the rounds of 
the papers the past month: “Poisonous perambulators 
are probably one of the least suspected of dangers, yet 
nevertheless one which experience has shown to exist, and 

_ therefore one against which the parents of a family would 
do well to be on their guard. A case is recorded of a 
child aged four months who, on its return after being 
out under a hot sun, was seized with sickness and vomit- 
ing, the vomited matter being a green-coloured fluid. 
From inquiries made by the medical man it was elicited 
that the child had been seen to suck the green strap of 
the perambulator, and the true cause of the mischief was 
at once suspected—viz., arsenic poisoning. An analytical 
examination of the strap confirmed this view, arsenic 
being found to be present in great abundance. In spite 
of all that medical aid could effect, the child gradually 
sank from exhaustion.” 





TO ENCOURAGE PROMPT PAYMENTS. 


The New York Sewing Machine Times contains the 
following suggestion by a subscriber who desires to 
encourage the more prompt payment of hire rent. 

“Have a lot of checks made, of aluminium preferably, 
though brass, or rubber, or even pasteboard would|do. The 
prominent feature of the check to be words and figures: 
‘Good for 25 cents. in silver.’ In addition it should be 
stated, ‘On Conditions,’ and as much more as the dealer 
sees fit. Now the ‘conditions’ must be made known to 
customers through a notice printed on the back of 
every receipt given out. And the conditions are that a 
payment be made promptly on the day it is due. 

““ Any other sum, as seems proper, may be named in- 
stead of 25 cents. These checks should be given out as 
follows : One when the first payment is made and then 
no other is required. When a customer comesin, makes 
a payment, and shows the check, she receives her piece 
of silver and puts the check back in her pocket to show 
the next time. 

“You see the possession of that check is always a re- 
minder. That is all the good it does. You would give 
the 25 cents. just as quickly if the money was brought 





in without the check, but is the money as likely to be 
brought in without it? You may print or write on the 
face of the lease and on all receipts that you will give 25 
cents. for every $5 brought in on time, but that will not 
impress the customer as the possession of a big round 
shining medal will. Why won’t it work ?” 














HARD SOLDERIN 


Hard soldering or brazing is a difficult process, and re- 
quires iron binding wires and binding pliers for securing 
the various parts of the work together, a blow-pipe, a 
pan of charcoal or coke, borax, solder, and a piece of wire 
flattened out at the end like a spatula, to apply the solder 
to the work. The borax must be pounded in a mortar, 
and is better if passed through a sieve. The solder 
should be washed with water to clean it, and mixed with 
the powdered borax, and clean water added. The mix- 
ture should be applied to such parts of the work as require 
soldering with the flattened wire or “charger,” then turn 
on the gas and the blast until no yellow appears in the 
flame, and direct the flame upon the solder until it melts. 
This is the process in a few words, but it is not so easy 
as it looks, and much experience is required to judge of 
the heat that various articles of different bulk take to 
make a good joint, It sometimes happens that a thick 
heavy casting and a light thin stamping have to be 
soldered together; in this case the blow-pipe flame should 
play upon the casting only, and be kept away from the 
stamping and the solder until the former is red hot, when 
the flame may be directed for a few seconds upon the 
solder, to make it run. The flame should be kept moving, 
and the whole mass should warm up uniformly. The 
difficulties of the solderer of chandelier work are often 
increased by the designer, who makes the scrolls, &c., 
with thick and thin parts in close proximity, when the 
job becomes one of extreme delicacy and difficulty. 

Much care and skill are required in tying the various 
portions of the work together; this, in fact, in some 
cases, is the most awkward part of the process. Tomake 
a butt joint, or a series of butt joints of two or more 
pieces of metal arranged in a straight line, requires some 
such device as a piece of strong wire, as a ‘‘backbone”’ 
against which the pieces of metal may be tied and their 
ends caused to meet. Work should always be tied in 
more than one place if possible, and double wires also 
used. Twosmall wires used together hold more tena- 
ciously and firmly than a single wire of double their sec- 
tional area. 

When an article, the metal of which is of doubtful 
composition, has to be hard soldered, careful note should 
be taken of the sound it gives when struck, the colour 
after cleaning or dipping, and the fracture. By these 
means it is frequently possible for an experienced work- 
man to makea shrewd guess at the temperature at which 
it will be safe to solder, and to select his solder accord- 
ingly. The quality of solder used in hard soldering, or 
rather the point at which it will melt, depends upon the 
mixture of its component metals, so that in case where 
the solder obtained froma dealer does not answer the 
purpose because it requires too much heat, it is advisable 
to mix with it a little bar tin filings, by which means the 
melting point can be lowered asdesired.— Wilkam Probert 
in Art of Soldering. 








PRESENTATION TO A MANAGER.—The employees of the Singer 
Manufacturing Company, Blackburn District, met at the Victoria 
Restaurant, on March Ist, as a farewell compliment to their manager, 
Mr. Abraham Haworth, who is leaving for another appointment under 
the company. About fifty employees and friends sat-down to a sub- 
stantial meat tea, to which ample justice was done, after which the 
cloth was removed, and Mr. Cunliffe, Super., of Darwen, was voted to 
the chair. Mr. Robinson, on behalf of all empleyed, presented to Mr. 
Haworth a handsome silver-mounted walking-stick, with his name 
engraved thereon, a silver-mounted pipe and case, also cigar case and 
silver matchbox. Mr. Haworth acknowledged the presentation in a 
feeling manner, remarking that he would treasure the articles not for 
their monetary value alone, but as tokens of goodwill and the feeling 
which prompted the men, whom he had worked with for many years. 
Mr. Weaver, Super., of Chorley, and Mr. Chasney, Super., of Black- 
burn, who have worked many years under Mr. Haworth, spoke in 
glowing terms, as old servants, as to the good qualities of their late 
manager, and al] engaged were sorry to part with him, 


Teyana 





et 











APRIL I, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 19 


TT, LUCKETT, 


Patentee and Manufacturer of Bassinettes, Mail Carts, Invalid Carriages, Rocking Horses, 
Cycles, Safety Horses, Bamboo and Wicker Furniture, &c. 






































‘ PRICE LISTS FREE ON 
a a. APPLICATION. 
CITY STEAM WORKS, MARK LANE, PERSHORE ST,, 
BiIRMINGHAMWI. 








1895 CATALOGUE of 


is Now Ready. Write TO-DAY fora Copy, which shows 








HOW TO SELL SPRITES LEAD 
TWENTY Machines in 1895 IN 
AGAINST EVERY Quality, Workmanship & Finish. 
aa es, eee SPRITES are UP-TO-DATE. 
but GOOD PROFITS, SPRITES are CHEAP and GOOD, 
and STERLING VALUE and Best Value on Earth, 
to YOUR CUSTOMERS. QUALITY CONSIDERED. 





Speciality:—EASY PAYMENTS ORDERS. 
WRITE FOR PARTICULARS :— 


SPRITE CYCLE CO., Manufacturers, 
DEVONSHIRE ST,, BLOOMSBURY, LONDON. 











<< 





] 
: 
: 
: 


sao). in Samer 











Inthe United States the cheap piano question is re- 


ceiving a deal of attention. Presto writes :—“ A lumber 
dealer at the recent Manufacturers’ Convention, in dis- 
cussing the cheap furniture question, gave expression to 
some ideas which apply with almost equal force to the 
piano trade.” And this is what the lumberman said : 
‘“The manufacturer might do as the newspaper does, 
give what is most in demand ; and just now the greatest 
demand is for something which looks expensive and 
luxurious, but does not cost the purchaser any great 
amount of money.” We admit that there is a great 
demand for cheap, showy pianos, and we assert that the 
demand has been created by those who are mere furni- 
ture-makers and understand not the art of piano-build- 
ing. And what is the average cheap piano? A goodly 
apple rotten at the heart, a villain with a smiling cheek ! 
If these makers would repent them of putting everything 
in the shop-~ ndow and leaving the inside bare they 
might ye. -9 make a creditable cheap piano. 


The Zndzcator, acother American journal, says that the 
only way that a self-respecting piano-maker can success- 
fully compete with the manufacturer of cheap and nasty 
goods is by economising in certain details of the con- 
struction upon which the tone and touch of the piano in 
nowise depend. This saving process can be carried out 
in various ways, as, for instance, in the simplification of 
the case and the disuse of expensive hardwoods where no 
material advantage results from theiremployment. The 
structural plan and the mechanism of the more costly in- 
struments will be retained in the cheaper models, the 
saving being effected only in the respects indicated. "Our 
contemporary urges Americans to follow the example of 
London makers, some of whom—would there were more 
of them—are now making an inexpensive yet thoroughly 
good piano by these means. 





Failures and prt anecrments: 





THOMAS E. BRIDDON, ironmonger and agricultural 
implement dealer, High Street and Church Street, 
Alfreton. 

A deed of arrangement, dated February 22nd, was filed 
in the above on February 27th. The unsecured liabili- 
ties are £1,117 16s. 3d., and the estimated net assets 
£ 400. The Midland Perambulator Company, of Bir- 
mingham, are creditors for £15. 


ELIAS MILLER, furniture dealer, 149, York Street, 
Belfast. 

The above has been adjudicated bankrupt. Liabilities, 
£290 8s. gd.; assets (less preferential claims), £77 6s. 1d. 
The Midland Perambulator Company are creditors for 
49 78: gd. - 

PERCY E. BROWN, trading as BROWN & Co, 
dealer in domestic machinery, 513, Fulham Road, 
Walham Green, and 328, King’s Road, Chelsea. 

A deed of arrangement, dated February 28th, was filed 
in the above on March rst, the unsecured liabilities being 


given at #539 11s. 10d., and net assets £320. Among 
the creditors are the following : — 

p/eiceade 
The Star Manufacturing Company, London 93 0 o 
Lefever, H. C., Bros., London 36 0 Oo 
The American Wringer Compa London 34 0 0 
Dover, H. & J., London aS ; TS Ob Mo 
Saward, Jas. & Sons, London dee ee Lee Oto 
Johnson, Chas., London 56 , BE SONG) 
Whittaker Bros., Accrington ae S50.) BRUNE” © 
Littlewood, Geo., Birmingham ee a Sa ONO 
Walker, John, & Co., Glasgow Se 19 0 0 
Johnstone, Howorth, & Co,, Ltd., Manchester 41 0 0 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


APRIL 1, 1895; 





THOMAS CRISPIN and STANLEY CRISPIN, 
trading as Thomas Crispin & Son, ironmongers, 
Queen Street, Huddersfield. 

The above filed on March 13th a deed of arrange- 
ment dated March ith. Unsecured _ liabilities, 
£4,219 16s. 11d.; net assets, £4,367 13s. 11d. ; secured 
creditors, £10,714 tos, rod. Among the creditors are— 

s. d. 

The Cherry Tree Machine re we Black- 
burn . We ).) 

Smith & Paget, ‘Keighley 58 0 0 


CHARLES J. GRIFFITH and CHARLES 7. AHIER, 
trading as the Nor’-West Machine Stores, domestic 
machinery dealers, 29, Station Road, Willesden 
Junction, 151, High Street, Acton, and 358, High 
Road, Kilburn. 

A first dividend of 3s. 4d. is now being paid in the 

above at P. Mason & Co.’s, 64, Gresham Street, E.C. 








THOMAS SEWING 
LIMITED. 
A meeting will be held at 30, Aldersgate Street, E.C., 
on April 16th, at 4 p.m., to receive an account of the 
winding-up of the above, 


COUNTY COURT JUDGMENTS were registered 
on January 30th against C. W. Vosper, sewing machine 
dealer, Barnstaple, for £13 11s. and on February 12th 
against J. Bennett, sewing machine agent, Thornbury, 
for £17 15s. 


WAN TED, 





\SOLE REPRESENTATIVE 


By leading CONTINENTAL SEWING 
MACHINE FACTORY, either to Travel 


the United Kingdom on his own 


account or to keep Stock and visit 


regularly the London and _ Provincial 
Sewing Machine dealers on account of 


the Advertisers. 


Only experienced, reliable persons 


having good connections need apply. 


State references and give full par- 


ticulars. 
“Agent,” care of SEWwmne MACHINE 
Gazette, 28, Paternoster Row, London, 


LOR Or IS yy 


MACHINE COMPANY, 





Aprri 1, 1898, 














The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


2,951. W. J. Ford, J. R. Smith, and H. Ford, for improvements in 
knitting machines. 

3,385. F. Pearson, jun., for a hinged tipfork and support for chil- 
dren’s mail carts or other similar vehicles. 

3,597- H. Stoll and F. Maercklin for improvements in double- 
straight bed knitting machines. 

3:754. T. Birnbaum, for improved feed apparatus for sewing 
machinery. 

3,901. J. Murchison, for improvements in perambulators and the 
like. 

3,919. N. C. Lindsay and H. Stanbridge, for needle threaders for 
sewing machines. 

3,968. J. T. Vaughan, for an appliance appertaining to knitting 
machines. 

4,258. C. Sumner, a communication from M. Elder, of United 
States, for improvements in perambulators. 


4,362. C. Butterfield, for improvements in Swiss embroidery 
machines. 
4,411. W. Bowden, for improvements in lockstitch sewing 
machines. 


4,476. Warwick Saw-mills Company, for improvements in peram- 
bulators or mail carts. 

4,477. J. M. Wilson and I. Appleton, trading as the Warwick Saw- 
mills Company, for improvements in mail carts. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PURLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 

2,229. Knitting Machines. C. Terrot, of Wurtemburg, 
Germany; and the Boas-King Knitting Machine Company, 
Limited, of Bradford, Yorks. Dated 1st February, 1894. 

Relates to that class of circular knitting machines in which the 
needle bed is stationary, and the cams for operating the needles 
are revolved continuously round the cylinder for producing 
tubular seamless fabric. The invention is mainly an improve- 
ment upon King’s Patent, No. 13,994, of 1892, and consists of 
improved mechanism which during reciprocating knitting will 
actuate at the desired times the guiding gates or cams concerned 
in selecting the needles during the well-known processes of 
knitting the heels and the toes. 

9,131. Sewing Machines. H. H. Lake; a communication from 
Jones Special Machine Company, of Portland, Maine, U.S.A. 
Dated May 8th, 1894. 

Relates to a machine for embroidering, overseaming, and fancy 
stitching, and consists of various improvements forming the 
subject of 24 claims, and which can only be intelligently described 
by reference to drawings. 

16,527. Simultaneously making 
edgings. A. Buchholz, 
1894. 

Consists of an appliance which may be adapted to any machine, 
the said appliance comprising stuff guides attached to a plate, 
suitably fixed to the machine, in one of which guides the cord 
forming the core of the braid is guided, and in the other, which 
encloses the first guide, the stuff surrounds the cord in sucha 
manner that on the simultaneous coming out of the cord and stuff, 
the latter surrounds the cord so that it can be sewn together by 
the needle, thus forming the braid, which is at the same time 
sewn on to the article of dress. 

4,485. Whirls for Sewing Machines. F. W. Farr, of Londor Fields, 
Lordon. Dated March 2nd, 1894. 

An intermittent rotary movement is imparted to the whirl from 
driving gear having a continuous motion at one uniform speed, 


and 


sewing on braids or 
of Prussia. 


Dated August 30th, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette; 23 


whereby the whirl makes one revolution for laying the thread, which 
forms the loop within the barb of the-needle, and then remains 
stationary during the raising and lowering of the needle for completing 
the stitch and feeding the work. 

7.365. Sewing Machine Shuttles. A. Anderson, manager of the 
Singer Manufacturing Company's Works, Kilbowie, Dumbartonshire. 
Dated April 13th, 1894. 

The reel is composed of a tube, having end flanges secured thereon 
by centre pins entered in the tube ends. To prevent overrunning of 
the reel when a sharp jerk or sudden strain is applied to the thread, a 
tension pad, carried on a spring lever, is provided. A flat tension 
spring is combined with the shuttle and its thread guides, the spring 
being secured on the shuttle body and having its end bent and passed 
through an orifice therein, and a guide pulley is centred on the shuttle 
body. 

16,460. Sewing Machines. A. Anderson, a communication from 
the Singer Manufacturing Company, of New York, U.S.A. Dated 
August 29th, 1894. 

The object of this invention is to provide a convenient apparatus for 
stretching, holding, and sewing long sections of carpets, or other 
heavy fabrics, which are to be held in such manner that their edges 
may be readily evened for the sewing operation, and so that patterns 
or figures of the carpets may be conveniently matched by the operator 
as the sewing progresses, or so that the fabrics may be stretched, 
matched, and held preparatory to the sewing operation. 

468. Wax Thread Sewing Machines. E. H. Smith, of 121, 
Nassau Street, New York, N.Y., U.S.A. Dated January 8th, 1895. 

The improvements relate to wax thread sewing machines, wherein a 
rotary shuttle or loop taker, having a non-rotating thread case, 
co-operates with a needle and awl in forming the lockstitch. Accord- 
ing to this invention, these parts are combined in operation with 
separate devices for actuating the needle and awl, and with positive 
means of holding the thread case at rest while the loop taker revolves. 


UNITED STATES PATEN™ 
IssUED AND DATED FEBRUARY 5TH, 1395. 
533,566. W. J. Stewart, Chicago, Ill, feeding mechanism for 
sewing machines. 
533,039. A. Eppler, Newton, Mass., sewing machine. 
533,005. G. R. Peare, Lynn, Mass., shoe sewing machine. 
533,792. C. Donovan, San Francisco, Cal., elamp and guide for 
working buttonholes. 
IssUED AND DATED FEBRUARY I2TH, 1895. 
533,874. W, E. Elliott, Marion, Iowa, button attaching machine. 
534,020. J. M.Stukes, Roswell, N. Mex., quilting attachment for 
sewing machines. 
534,077. F. Ohl, St. Louis, Mo., hand embroidering machine. 
IssuED AND DATED FEBRUARY IQTH, 1895. 
534,263. W.H. Hanna, Petersburg, Ill., shuttle and shuttle actuating 
mechanism, 
534,535. J- Walter, Brooklyn, N.Y., thread guide and cutter. 
IssUED AND DATED FEBRUARY 26TH, 1895. 


534,835. J. W- Lingley, Wollaston, Mass., sewing machine. 
534,909. H. Pulster, Philadelphia, Pa., knitting machine. 








BEAR THIS IN MIND! 


W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs. Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly finished sewing niachines, so 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 hours’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use. 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval.—W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, 8.H.—Apvr, 





66 
Tee WJHeEeEet or LiFe.” 





Spokes, 


bulator Parts, 


DUNKLEY’S 1895 Pneumatic 
Cycle Wheels, 14 in. Air Tyres, 
Ball Bearings, Plated Hubs and 
Rims enamelled, 8 inch 
diameter to 30 inch, from 10/6 per 
pair, for Mail Carts, Perambulators, 
and Bath Chairs. Cycle and Peram- 
&e. 
arranged with a few other makers 
for Patent Sliding Well Mail Cart. 


Royalties 








ss SY 
DANY y) 


— LONDON AGENT: 


A. MOORE, 76, Hounsditch. 


Patent Cart as Single, and Shafts at 
the back, from 25s, 








Patent Cart as Double and Shafts 
at front, 


W. H. DUNKLEY, World Factory, Birmingham. 








Le ead) i ee es oe ey PS ee aie RAP Bie ei E WA vi EN i Ne ee scale Sets a red BE iy a a an 


24, The Journal of Domestic Appliances. APRIL 1, 1895. 
Dee re 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON APPLICATION, AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


PPDDDLDIDIIL IID LILI SI II INS II NIN I EOS 


THE BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LID., 
49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, E.C. 


HARROP’S 
— Greatest i in Baby a 





Patent me Real 
| o Dealer 
Combination oa Heme 
D ciinii ee 
| ps without one. 
MAIL «CART. 3 
LISTS SUPPLIED 
Convertible to ON 
4 Positions. APPLICATION. 


(Patent No. 16,502.) 


55, TIB STRE! eT (off OLDHAM STREET), 


WIA RI CELE: "TEE. 


























8 ow. rosTER & CO, & 2 
46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 


The Largest Makers in the World of Perambutator. Fittings. 


—e 


APRIL 5, 1895. 





THE ‘ 


American Wringer U0, 


(late BAILEY WRINGING MACHINE CO.) 


beg respectfully to call the attention of the 
Trade to their improved 


“HOUSEHOLD” 
CLOTHES WRINGER. 
































The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for 
the Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide 
Hire-Purchase Dealers. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very 
best materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on 
the Hire System. 

The Rollers of the ‘HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGHR have a covering 
of Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft 
and cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ”’ WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Considering the quality of the materials used, the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD”’ 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


GOH FOO OOOO OOS O05 990000000090 000H000 


WHAT IS THIS? 





This is a section of 
one of our Rollers, 
and iadicates the 
exact thickness of 
rubber on the spindle. 
We guarantee all 
rollers in our ma- 
chines to have an 
equal thickness of 
rubber to that shown 
in the sketch. 











SSSI 


ANOTHER POINT— 


The bearings in which the Rollers work are 
made of Raw Hide, boxed iniron. They are in themselves 


a natural lubricant, and never require oiling. 





Onur new Catalogue is now ready and will be sent, post 
free, on application. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER 00., 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


25 

























iN GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


_ The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Qlove Knitter in the Market. 










SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER, 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





SWIFT GOLD MEDAL 


KNITTER 


KNITS Stockings ribbed or plain 
GLOVES and CLOTHING in 

WOOL, SILK, or COTTON. INSTRUG 

TIONS FREE. Lists 2d. per post. 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The only 
WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and 2 other Honours. HARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CO, 
Works: 48, Uprer Brook St.. Manchester. 


The New 


§ ROTHWELL KNITTER 


J is the only machine in the world 
which can knit every garment 
, that can be done by hand. 
It would take three days by hand what could be done on the 
‘‘New Rothwell Knitter” in an hour, and thousands of ladies 
who have entirely abolished hand knitting are now earning good 
incomes at their own homes by these machines, which Knit 
Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, Vests, in 
fact everything, in eitner silk, wool, or cotton. 
Write for prices and full particulars to 


W. Rothwell &Co., Limited, Albert Works, Bridgeman St., Bolton. 


HEW HARRISON 





iM 
































The “ Magic” Gear Case Company have a new detach- 
able, which they claim is the best gear case introduced. 


During the past month the sensation has been the 
issue of the prospectus of the Bamboo Cycle Company, 
with a capital of £80,000, three-fourths of which goes 
to the vendor. 

+o 

Cycle Agents’ Associations are now being formed in 
numerous centres, among the latest being Manchester 
and Stockton. Oneidea of the promoters is to regulate 
the rate of instalments, and another to keep up prices. 

x & 
* 

Much trouble is being experienced by cycle manufac- 
turers in getting tube, owing to the fact that there has 
for some time past been uncertainty in the trade as to 
sizes and gauges, and the tube companies have not cared 
to make largely for stock. 

~*~ * 
* 

Recently we stated that the hardware journals 
were hounding on the ironmonger to annex the cycle 
trade. On the other hand, the cycle papers are recom- 
mending the cycle agent to take up the sale of hardware. 
The Cyclist has been devoting special attention to this 
question, and writes as follows :—The ironmonger’s best 
chance of establishing a good business is to be found 
rather in busy country towns than in the midst of large 
cities. Here the well-established cycle depot is in pos- 
session, and likely soto remain. In large outlying dis- 
tricts, away from the centres of our big towns, however, 
a good opening will frequently present itself. The re- 
quirements of the neighbourhood as evidenced by the 
class of residents will be a considerable factor in the case, 
and before deciding it would be well to ascertain not only 
what cycle agencies exist in the district, but, if possible 
something about the financial position and business suc. 
cess of existing establishments. The presence of a well- 
conducted cycle depot, which is ina position to, and does 
supply the full complement of machines required by the 
town, may well act as a deterrent, but if it is found that 
there is no regular cycle depot, or that the existing one, 





Signe ad) capt ile eg Te ae eS 


Par" 











46 The Journal of Domestic Appiianceés 


whilst doing a fair trade considering the size of the district, 
is only just being kept afloat—by reason of the before- 
mentioned ‘ off-season, then wesuggest thata good opening 
exists, and in the latter case the ironmonger will do well to 
approach the cycle agent, and endeavour to combine forces 
by taking over the cycle business and connection bodily, 
and engaging its owner on commission, or salary and com- 
mission, to manage the cycle department for him, and assist 
in other ways in the off-season. Such an arrangement 
will bea good thing for both parties. ‘The agent will be 
relieved of his business responsibility, will be in receipt of 
a certain income, and will know his position. The iron- 
monger will secure a trade from the commencement, his 
business training will enable him to work his capital to 
better advantage, many expenses incident upon a sepa- 
rate establishment will be saved, and the ‘off’ season 
will entail little or no loss, as the time devoted to cycle 
selling in the spring and summer can be transferred in 
the autumn and winter to the stove, lamp, or other winter 
trade branches. Whether such an amalgamation of inte- 
rests, however, is or is not made, the ironmonger who 
wishes to do a cycle trade must make up his mind to carry 
it on as a special branch. By this we do not necessarily 
mean the occupation of additional premises, unless those 
he already occupies are too small and crowded for any 
more room to be found to advantage. What is warited 
is that such arrangements shall be made which will enable 
the public to see at a glance and to feel that they are 
entering a bicycle shop, and not merely an establishment 


where they may buy a pennyworth of tacks, a jack 


knife, a saucepan, or a dzcycle if they have a fancy that 
way. The cycle buyer, in short, prefers to purchase from 
one who he can feel understands his business and the 
nature of the article he sells.” 


* 


s 

“Your advice to ironmongers,” writes an old and 
esteemed agent to Zhe Cyclist, ‘‘is sound, and may be 
taken advantage of by many of the regular agents. If 
ironmongers will go into the trade on the lines you have 
laid down, we shall welcome them rather than otherwise. 
Tt is not the competition of established traders on busi- 
ness lines we fear, but what has put the agency trade 
where it is is the unfair competition of impecunious and 
irresponsible agents who go into the trade with no capital 


_ or business experience, get goods on credit, sell at a few _ 


shillings above cost, and are sold up after a few 
months’ trading. This is the class of agent (save the 
mark) who is the curse of the trade, and there are too 
many of them, as well as of the commission agent, in the 
shape of the club captain or secretary. We don’t care 
into whose hands the trade gets so long as it is done on 
business lines. We can get a chance of living then.” 








PRAM. FASHIONS. 

Judging from reports which reach us from manufac- 
turers and dealers, mail carts are selling this year 
even more freely than formerly. We have heard 
it said in the trade that the mail cart would 
soon go out, but everything now points to the fact 
that it has come to stay. The great objection 
to carts for very young children, viz.—that they are not 
sufficiently comfortable as compared with bassinettes—was 
to some extent overcome last year. This season nearly 
every manufacturer has a bed device, and most of them 
answer so well as to practically remove every obstacle to the 
complete abolition of the bassinette. The majority of 
mothers whose purses are none too well lined, now look 
ahead when making their purchases, and regard the mail 
cart as serviceable for all their children alike. But there 
is another reason for the popularity of the cart—father 
favours it, and does not mind being seen with a cart, but 
draws the line at a perambulator. 

Another objection to mail carts, their length, is also 
fast disappearing. Last year several firms adopted folding 
shafts, but this year they are to be found in every trade 
cataiogue, and, moreover, the hinge arrangements have 
been vastly improved. 

We find that a good demand has set in for carved 
panels both for carriages and cars, also that two-handled 
hammock bassinettes are in favour. Speaking generally, 
the lowest quality carriages are not in so great request as 
Jagt year. The public are clearly finding out that a 
medium-priced article is really the cheapest. Dealers 
should do their best to popularise this notion, as it saves 
them from complaints, and not a little loss. 






bia PAA yo leis . oieRe be. | 5 




























































































Messrs. Peckham & Son, the well-known Gosport domestic machinery 
dealers, have opened a branch in Commercial Road, Landport, 
a * 


* 
Mr. Patrick Diver, general dealer, of Donegal, Ireland, wishes us to 
announce that he is desirous of receiving price lists of cycles, furniture, 
musical instruments, and perambulators. 
x * 


2 
Last month a boy in the service of a perambulator manufacturer was 
fined 2s. 6d. and costs for wheeling a bassinette for advertisement pur- 
poses on the footway in Fleet Street, E.C. 
=x * 


* 

A well-known German Sewing Machine Company is advertising in 
our present issue for a sole wholesale agent. They inform us that 
they are open to arrange the most favourable terms with a suitable 
person. 

Dae 

Mr. Pilkington, for years at Manchester but latterly at Birmingham, 
has retired from the Singer Company, and his successor as Birming- 
ham district manager is Mr. Carlisle, formerly an inspector at Foster 
Lane. : s 
ce z ; 

Several changes have recently taken place in the Singer staff. Mr. 
Marshall, late of the factory department at Chiswell Street, has been 
made district manager at Leicester, and Mr. Clare is now connected 
with the factory trade of Foster Lane. 

= % 


Mr. Joseph Powell, of the Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Com- 
pany, has now returned from visiting his company’s headquarters in 
the United States. He informs us that a new Wheeler & Wilson 
machine will shortly be put on the market. 

x * 


= 
Mr, J. Lewis, late manager at Mountain Ash for Messrs. Hutchins’ 
Sewing and Domestic Machine Supply Company, is about to start 
business upon his own account at Penrhiwcieber, Mountain Ask, and 
would be glad to hear from wholesale firms in similar lines, 


including furniture. 
* * 


* 

In the matter of Wheeler & Gee, Limited, domestic machinery dealers, 
26, Castle Road, Cardiff, it was resolved on January 28th that the com- 
pany be wound up. C. E. Dovey, 31, Queen Street, Cardiff, C.A., 
liquidator, is authorised to sell and transfer all the undertaking and 
assets of the company, 

Kx 
* 

Messrs. S. Cox & Co., of Alcester, write us as follows :—“ Having 
received so many applications for needles that would not cut the 
thread, we have now invented needles which cannot cut in the eye, as 
the thread works through the centre of eye only. This no doubt will 
prove a blessing to machinists.” 

x ® 
x 

The Singer Company have now settled down in their new Man- 
chester headquarters at 5, Piccadilly. These premises are said by the 
press to be exceedingly handsome, and to contain the choicest collec- 
tion of art sewing ever brought together. We have not yet had an 
opportunity of seeing for ourselves, so cannot say more at the 
moment. 

Ran? 

Last month a woman informed a magistrate that the Singer Company 
were detaining a sewing machine, but, as is usual in these cases, she 
told only one half the story. The company’s manager later on 
attended the court and told the magistrate that the woman having been 
sent to prison, her husband sold their machine to a man, from whom 
the company subsequently recovered it. Further, that if the woman 
would only pay the money she owed the company they would gladly 
let her have it back. 

oe 

At the Tunbridge Wells Police Court, on the 2oth ult., Sarah Brown, 
alias Poulton, a young married woman, was charged with obtaining a 
perambulator, value £2 15s., by means of false pretences, from Mr. 
George Jenner, of Camden Road, Tunbridge Wells. Police-constable Still 
said he arrested prisoner at Hastings. Whilst being conveyed in the 
train to Tunbridge Wells she admitted having taken-the perambulator, 
and said it was owing to poverty. Since Christmas last she and her 
child had been half starved. Her husband had sold the perambulator 
at Hastings. Prisoner was remanded. On the following day the 
prisoner was again brought up, and her husband, Alfred 
Poulton, was charged with aiding and apetting.—Mrs. 
Jenner, of Camden Road, Tunbridge Wells, on being called 
identified the female prisoner as the woman who had called at her shop. 
She said she wished to hire a perambulator for several hours, and that 
she would pay a deposit of Is. She gave an addressin Hill Street, 
Tunbridge Wells. Witness had not seen the perambulator since.— 
Police-constable Jupp gave evidence as to the arrest of the male 
prisoner on the previous day at Hastings. When he took prisoner 
into custody he admitted having sold the perambulator for 7s. at 
Hastings.— Eventually the Bench discharged the female prisoner, and 
the male prisoner, who pleaded guilty, was sent to gaol for twenty-one 
days with hard labour 





AS MANAGER OF DEPOT. 


ADVERTISER, with many years’ experience of the 
sewing machine and domestic niachinery business, is 
OPEN to an APPOINTMENT as MANAGER of 
DEPOT.—Address in first instance, ‘‘ Memo,” care of the 
Sewing Machine Gazette, 28, Paternoster Row, London, 
E.C. 





Oe ee ye Bs er 
alesaphiayserieetoe 


May 1, 1895. 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS, 
MAIL CARTS 









and Sewing Machine Gazette. : II 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 











of every London A gent — 
description Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 
and 39, Holborn 
lity, j 
eo, ie Viaduct, 
fo) 
suit E.C. 
all == 
Trades. ae 
IS x 
= eg a 


ied 


eS THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR C0., Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAM. 





TELEGRAMs—‘* ROTHSCHILD, BIRMINGHAM.” 













Write for Our Illustrated Catalogue 
PRINTED IN NINE COLOURS? 
—a Work of Art. 
































el el ll ll ll 





































































The Bont PNEUMATIC 






































PERAMBULATORS 
To From 4.()/= each. 
WE) P\S= UP-TO-DATE 

' NOVELTIES 


In all Classes of Goods. 


| ROTHSCHILD 
BAKER. 





31 & 32, ST. PAUL’S SQUARE, BIRMINGHAM. 





LLOYD & CO.,, 


MANUFACTURERS OF 
CANOPIES! CANOPIES! CANOPIES! 


For Perambulators or Mail Carts. 


BORO, 


LONDON, 8.E. 


LLOYD & CO. respect- 
fully call your attention to 
their Price List of Canopies 
for Prams and Cars. 
Sesides those usual styles 
in Striped, White, and 
Cream Hollands, they have 
introduced Six SPECIAL 
DrEsiGNns (all protected), 
and called 


THE “DUCHESSE ” 
CANOPY, 


The sides being beautifully 
and artistically trimmed 
by Aplique and Embroid- 
ery, which, being lined 
Sateen (various colours), 
have a very pretty effect. 


We will send a Sample 
Set (on approval) to any 
Dealer, providing he pays 
carriage for return if not 
kept, 






































Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 
ANTED, Furniture, Sewing Machines, Musical 


Instruments, Clocks, Bassinettes, Mail Carts, Bicycles, &c., 
to sell on Commission. ‘Good Showrooms.—Universal Supply Agency, 


Bradtord Road, Dewsbury, Yorkshire. 

O BURNHOPE, 61, Queen Street, Hull, will be 
: pleased to receive Price Lists and Terms from a good'Peram- 

bulator maker. 








SINGER (family and medium), 
Co., Eagle Works, Alcester, 





2s. per post.—Cox & 





a 


A SPLENDID INVESTMENT FOR ENERGETIC 


MAN.—For Sale, old-established business in Bassinettes, 
Wringing and Sewing machines, with a splendid connection in Liver- 
pool and suburbs ; large weekly takings, can be easily doubled; wil 
be sold as a going concern (stock, goodwill, and hire accounts) at one- 
third its value, business float included; high-class cob and dogcart 


optional. Cash £400.—Address, ‘* Bassinette,” c/o Messrs. Sewell & 
Co., 28, Paternoster Row, E.C. 





EWING MACHINE BELTING AND OILS.— 


If you want the Best Belting or the Best Oil apply to the Best 


Firm for Cheapness and Quality in the Trade.—J, Searle & Co., 49, 
Trafalgar Street, Walworth. 


neat 
(See page 32 fer other advertisements.) 








Hwee iene 


I A 






eee 
ne ee 





12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances May 1, 1895. 





THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 18. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—es, 6d. per annum, or 9d. per quarter, post free, 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified bythe twenty-fifth of each month. 

Contributicns,—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
he opening cf new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Tyade Information.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All weask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertiscments.—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 

In Writing to Us.—Please address al] communications either ‘ Publisher,” or 
‘* Editor,” at the address given below. 

Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application. 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 

Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers Whenever they contain anything ot interest tothe trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would @// our readers do likewise ? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, B.C. 








Our readers will notice elsewhere that 
Thotins (Go: the Thomas Sewing Machine Company 
Sewing Machine. |S being voluntarily wound-up. This, 
as most of the trade know, is one of the 
very oldest sewing machine concerns in the world, and 
the winding-up order will come as a surprise to most 
members of the trade. It has, however, been expected 
for some time past, as considerable friction has been 
observable in the management, and, further, there was 
another source of trouble. For some years past the trade 
in Thomas’ machines has almost entirely been con- 
fined to the manufacturing trade, but last year they started 
to manufacture for a syndicate a new family machine, 
which is now much overdue according to the terms of 
the contract. Early in the past month a receiver was 
appointed on behalf of the debenture holders, and he, 
as we elsewhere report, is now fo!lowed by a liquidator, 
Mr. A. F. Whinney, of 8, Old Jewry. The liquidator 
requests all persons having claims against the Thomas 
Company to send him particulars by June 6th, or other- 
wise the claims will not be recognised. 
During the past month trade has 
considerably improved, and most 
( perambulator manufacturers are work- 
ing overtime. The sewing machine trade is not nearly 
as brisk as could be desired so far as retail sales are con- 
cerned. There is, however, much energy on the part of 
manufacturers to secure a due share of the anticipated 
prosperity in the early future. We know of no less than 
five patent machines in course of production by as many 
new companies, and several foreign firms are arranging 
new wholesale agencies in this country. 


State of Trade. 





Talking of the pram. trade reminds us of 
ascheme which it is attempted to hatch, 
; and which does not seem to us to pro- 
mise success. It is being proposed that the large peram- 
bulator manufacturers should form a company and manu- 
facture their own wheels. This is the application to the 
children’s carriage trade of a principle which has always 
been a failure in other trades, and if the thing comes to 
a head, which is very doubtful, we shall consider it a 
very interesting co-operative experiment. 


Pram. Wheels. 





.q Our readers should not omit to take 

Shop Hours note of the fact that the Shop Hours 

: Act came into force last month. It is 

now obligatory on shopkeepers and warehousemen to 
eae the statutory notice of the Act under a penalty 
of 40s. 


The Factory Another Act for non-compliance with 

Gt which many persons aré now being 

fined is the Factory Act. The latest 

case brcught to our notice is that of a machine repairer, 

whose premises were considered to be a factory as he 

used power, and because he did not exhibit the statutory 
notice he was fined 2os. and costs, 

















WITH THE COLLECTOR. 


By S. M, C., in the Chicago Sewing Machine Advance. 


The position of the instalment collector 1s not one to 
be envied at any time, even when people are compara- 
tively well able to pay, but now, when the many are yet 
suffering from the severe financial pressure of the past 
two years, and poverty has come knocking at the doors 
of many who had never dreamed of being hard up, the 
collector is a very unwelcome visitor. Collectors in 
general are looked upon as very undesirable visitors, 
whose presence is only tolerated when there is no way to 
avoid them. It may be that their peculiar calling 
necessitates their being of a cold and distant nature when 
dealing with their customers, for like the pawnbrokers 
they are always afraid that their customers will become 
too friendly with them, and then they will begin asking 
favours. : 

But, for all this, a gentlemanly collector would be 
much more welcome than one who is the reverse, and a 
great many of them are the reverse. Itis a wonder that 
any manager or set of managers would ignore the voice 
of the public which clamours for the dismissal of some of 
these ill-bred individuals, and still retain them, much to 
the detriment of business and the discomfort of the 
customers. 

The different kinds of collectors are well worth study- 
ing, and their way of doing business is often as interesting 
as it is novel. I never knew one yet who did not think 
that he was just the right man in the right place, 
and it would never do for anyone to try to tell him how 
he ought to do business in order to makea success. If 
you are a salesman you think that you know something 
about how the collector ought to treat your customers ; 
whether he should be severe or lenient; whether he 
should insist on an immediate payment, or in default 
thereof threaten the forfeiture of the machine. But, as 
I was saying, there are many different characters amongst 
collectors. 

Perhaps you are acquainted with the tall, solemn- 
looking gentleman whose clothes are of a clerical cut; 
a sort of cross between a country preacher and a religious 
cowboy. He is scrupulously neat and clean, but fierce of 
countenance ; frequently striking terror to the heart of 
the timid housemaid by the stern and peremptory 
manner in which he demands to know how long she 
thinks she can keep a sewing machine without paying 
for it. ‘But I did not buy the machine,” she says, in a 
frightened tone. ‘‘It belongs to the lady of the house, 
and she leaves the money with me when she has any to 
leave. I only work here.” 

“Oh, oh,”’ he exclaims, as though he had found out 
something that he suspected all along, “ and where is the 
lady of the house” ? 

««She is gone out, sir,” answers the girl. 

“ Well, you tell her that I'll be here again, and I want 
her to be in, for I want to see her. I must have the 
money orthat machine. Tell her that I said so.” 

The girl answers ‘‘ Yes, sir,” timidly, and he stalks away 
to tell the lady next door about the kind of a neighbour 
she is living beside. You might not think that a man 
like this could hold a responsible position, but he does, 
and, strange to say, although the customers complain a 
good deal about him, he seems to suit his employers pretty 
well and is retained. 

Then there is the religious collector, who is always 
trying to tell people how to live here in order to enjoy 
life hereafter. Itis acase of a religious man with his 
religion in his way and pretty much inthe way of every- 
body else. Upon one occasion he happened to call in 
the course of business at a house where the ladies were: 
enjoying their morning lunch, with beer ; a very common 
occurrence amongst Germans. The lady of the house 
had no money for him, and politely asked him to call 
some other day, to which he replied very pointedly, “ If 
you wouldn’t drink so much beer, you would have more 
money to pay your debts with.” 

Then there was war, and while he expatiated on the 








May 1, 1895. 
evils of intemperance, the women replied with choice 
German adjectives, the meaning of which, luckily for 
him, he did not understand. Of course, the lady madea 
complaint at the office and left word that the preacher 
need not call for any more payments on the machine, as 
she would not pay him, and, further, that if her husband 
should be at home the preacher might get hurt, so he has 
not gone there since. 

Then we have the collector who is always inquiring 
how much his customers paid down on their machines, 
and where they got the old one, and whether the sales- 
man offered them any commission in case they made a 
sale for him. Ifthis particular collector finds out any- 
thing that would be an injury to the salesman’s reputation, 
he loses no time in putting the manager in possession 
of all the information that he can gather. You may 
depend upon it the story loses none of its worst features 
in the narration, and the manager is led to believe 
that this is one time that he has caught a salesman dead 
to rights. So he calls the salesman up on the very first 
opportunity and asks him how about that sale. Well, 
it would be a poor excuse of a salesman who couldn’t find 
some way to get out, and he generally explains matters 
in a way that satisfies the manager that something is 
wrong somewhere, but whatever it is the collector is a 
good man to have around. 

Then there is the collector who, when he calls on a 
customer for a payment and is told that the man who 
sold the machine gave them an extension of time in 
which to make the second payment, is never surprised or 
angry. He argues the advisability of making a payment 
now, even though it be a small one, so that they won't 
have so much to pay when the second month comes 
around. He offers to call oftener than once a month, 
every week, in fact, so as to allow them to make small 
payments at short intervals, thus making it possible for 
persons whose income is small to make a pretty fair 
showing. 

He doesn’t want to hear what a good bargain the 
salesman gave them, nor how it came about that they 
got the first receipt for two dollars, nor does he want to 
hear how they came by the old machine, nor what the 
salesman offered to do by way of extending time and 
allowing them to skip payments in case of sickness. He 
pleasantly reminds them that the salesman lives by sell- 
ing, and that it is his business to sell as many machines 
as possible, but that each customer must sign a lease 
agreeing to pay a certain sum per month, and this agree- 
ment between the customer and the sewing machine 
company is all that the company or the collector has to 
go by. However, the company is always willing to do 
what is right, and so long as the customer does his 
or her best to keep up the payments they need fear 
nothing. 

This kind of reasoning leads the customer to believe 
that while the salesman is perfectly honest his desire to 
make the sale may have prompted him to make some 
extraordinary promises which the company might not 
feel bound by, and so they try to pay up as fast as they 
can for fear that the agreement they signed will be made 
to operate against them. The customers generally like this 
collector pretty well, and very few women run and hide 
when they see him coming, for they know that he will 
treat them in a civil manner even though they have no 
money for him. He never comes into the office with 
stories about the salesmen ; how they sell machines or 
what they promise, but if anything in the arrangements 
which the salesman has made with the customer calls for 
an investigation he calls the attention of the salesman to 
it first, so that he can see the customer and if possible 
straighten matters up before the manager gets around. I 
have known of many a sale saved by the collector con- 
ferring with the salesman before bringing in the machine. 
It often happens that the salesman can do something to 
keep the machine out which the collector could not do 
from the fact that the salesman may know something 
about the circumstances of the people that the collector 
has not had time to investigate. 

Many collectors make themselves obnoxious to people 
by their arbitrary manners. They won’t listen to a 
reasonable excuse. They must have the money, and no 
matter what the poverty of the family or the condition 
of their financial resources, they must pay. When people 
have no money it is of no earthly use to quarrel with 





and Sewing Machine Gazette 














13 
them. There may come a time when they will have 
money, and whether they will ever pay for the sewing 
machine is often decided by the length of time that the 
company can leave it while waiting for the customer to 
resume payments, 

While it is true that collectors are generally disliked, 
it is almost always through some fault of their own, for 
we are living in an age of credit, with everything sold 
on easy payments, and cellestons grewgore common now 
than taey have ever ‘been since theswomd began. 








THE sivger COMPANY'S, 
QUARTER SOR U.K. 
ich. inger Manufacturing 


The new premfses-y 

Company recently purchaSéd in St. Paul’s Churchyard 
are being fitted up in a style, and with the energy 
characteristic of this mighty corporation. Carpenters, 
decorators, hot-water appliance fitters, lift erectors, 
electricians, telephone contractors, all seem to vie with 
each other as to speed and efficiency, and the continuous 
hammering, fitting, etc., is not conducive to an agree- 
able conversation. 

A tlag, by the way a novel advertisement, flies over the 
building, or, more correctly speaking, fags, because one 
day we observed ‘‘ Singer’s’’ in large characters, next the 
Stars and Stripes, and again the Union Jack. This 
denotes what we may expect later. The growth of this 
concern is truly phenomenal, and it is a masterstroke to 
secure such a monument to the trade in general and to 
the Company in particular as the purchasing of this 
handsome edifice affords. 

As a further indication of the vastly increasing dimen- 
sions of Singer’s business, we may mention that the 
London district, or Central Office Territory, has out- 
grown itself, and two further Central Offices are being 
establishea. These will control the outer or suburban 
parts of the mighty city together with the country 
territory of the southern section. As our readers know, 
Mr. Spiess is the London manager ; Mr. Paton, for many 
years with the company, will become the Southern 
manager; and Mr. Sang will still retain part of his old 
district with a considerable portion added, and forming 
the Western Central Office. 

We understand the trade of the country generally is 
satisfactory both in goods sold and in money. In Man- 
chester the elegance of the new showroom has created 
quite a furore, and this will shortly have a rival in Edin- 
burgh ; so that, while the metropolis is engaging so much 
attention, the provinces are not being forgotten. 

It naturally occurs to thinking men to ask what is the 
mainspring of these gigantic strides, and the answers are 
more or less varied ; but from many years’ observation, 
and from as close a scrutiny as we are able to make with- 
out being rudely inquisitive, we ‘can only arrive at one 
conclusion, and that is that the big results come by a 
combination of strict business integrity, industry (com- 
monly called hard work), and originality. The guardians 
of the Company’s interests seem to have a faculty of 
never leaving off, and they apparently thrive on it both 
bodily and in pocket. 

As an illustration of the latest original phase we were 
struck the other day with the exhibition of what is known 
as an Art set, comprising rings, etching foot, an art 
manual, a transfer design, a “study,” and twelve reels of 
silk—all that is needed to produce the now celebrated 
art work—all artistically got up and placed in a dainty 
octagonal box. This box is certainly cheap at ss. ; indeed, 
it is only by the company ordering a large quantity 
that permits of sucha figure being fixed. The profit 
cannot be in the sale of it, but must come in advertising 
value. 

But this is not all, for we aretold that 5,000 are being 
presented free to new customers who take machines 
either for cash or on hire on certain stipulated reasonable 
conditions. What an opportunity for enterprising and 
enthusiastic salesmen and collectors! And this brings 
us to another subject. 

At the time that most of the present or modern plans 
of the Ccmpany were introduced, we had numerous 
inquiries as to what it all meant, and we had some com- 
plaints. In regard to the former, all pioneers meet with 
unbelievers and distrust. The Singer Manufacturing 
Company, with their world-wide organisation, must be 
prepared in their progressive march to meet with what 


EW HEAD- 

















oh ty iets Saale 





14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


EARN E ey OTE a RG) ot 


May 1, 1895. 


SS Ns 


Stevenson, Edison, and others had to encounter. 
Respecting complaints, we have invariably found it best 
to recommend those who are in trouble to have a frank 
talk with their superintendent or manager, because, alike 
in private, public, and business life, most troubles and 
mischief spring from misrepresentation or misunderstand- 
ing. With such an organisation as the firm we are 
referring to, how can an outsider, or even an insider, 
unless possessed of many years of experience, judge the 
motives from a halftold story or only a partially inspected 
action ? It is like the hire system, which is valued by the 
public in proportion to the use they make of it. A more 
philanthropic and real breeder of fellowship institution 
(whether devised from that point of view or not, never 
mind, it does not change its effect), was never invented, 
and any blame it has ever got emanated from those 
thoroughly ignorant of its ruling principles. So it 
has been with many complaints that have reached us 
from the employes of different firms. It is within our 
own knowledge that the public were never so well served 
in the trade we have the honour to represent as they are 
to-day. Sewing machines were never so perfect, and 
terms were never so liberal. 

The same remarks apply, in the main, to terms to 
employes, when fully reviewed, and remembering the de- 
ductions in the past and retentions of the present. 
We understand that all collectors and salesmen have the 
free aid of superintendent, the partial and, in some cases, 
whole benefit of shop orders and prospects, benefits arising 
to collectors from the orders of salesmen, outside men, 
and reserve staffs, the aids to sell and to make selling easy 
(thus allowing more to be done and more commission 
earned), the collecting aids and facility for being prompted 
and assisted, the production of art specimens at very 
considerable cost, and, lastly, in connection with The 
Singer Manufacturing Company, the distribution 
of these free art sets, and these undoubtedly confer 
benefits on the employes, and the expense of all 
these items has, naturally, to be borne by the 
employers, and the employes contribute nothing. What 
has astonished us more than any other feature is the 
completeness of the plans and the thorough blending to- 
gether of all interests from the beginning to those in 
the highest positions, no individual can gain without all 
gaining, and noone can lose without all losing. We have 
examined the plans closely and studied them as intently as 
our limited time will allow, and we say it is a repeti- 
tion of the old story, “ Read, mark, learn, and inwardly 
digest,” and if an individual is not making money and is 
unhappy, it is because he cannot understand ; either the 
instructor is at fault, or the comprehension is misty. 

We recently illustrated and described the new premises 
of the Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company, and 
very shortly we hope to deal similarly with the magnifi- 
cent block now being prepared for occupancy by The 
Singer Manufacturing Company as their headquarters 
in place of Foster Lane. 








CRUSADE AGAINST STORES. 


From time to time retail tradesmen in this country 
try to get up a public agitation agairst the stores, but 
without much success. It would seem that the stores have 
come to stay, and must be reckoned with as competitors 
who cannot be wiped out by moral means. It would 
appear from the New York Sewzng Machine Times that 
not only is this question of burning interest in the 
United States, but it is proposed in Kansas City to effect 
a remedy in a unique manner as explained below. Our 
contemporary says : 

We have brought to the notice of our readers a 
number of complaints from various retail trades of the 
gradual absorption of special lines into the great depart- 
ment stores. In a few cases legislation to prevent this 
tendency of trade has been suggested, but so far as we 
know not yet carried out. The latest proposition we 
have knowledge of is set forth in a Kansas City paper 
of date March 23, It will be seen that the proposed 
classification of trades recognises the sewing machine : 

‘Alderman Rieger, of the Third Ward, will introduce 
an ordinance in the Council to-night which is designed 
to force the large department stores to pay a yearly 
licence of 200 dols. for each separate branch of business 
they carry on. The first clause of the ordinance 
designates as separate branches of business: Dry goods, 


boots and shoes, hats and caps, including gloves, canes, 
and umbrellas ; clothing, including gentlemen’s furnish- 
ing goods ; furniture and carpets, glassware and queens- 
ware, hardware and tinware, including door and window 
screens ; groceries, drugs and medicines, jewellery, 
millinery, tailoring, dressmaking, books and stationery, 
music, wall paper, pictures and frames, sewing machines, 
bicycles and tricycles, toys and baby carriages, 
restaurants, including ice-cream and confectionery. 

‘The ordinance provides that within thirty days 
after its passage each merchant who has combined any of 
the different kinds of business designated shall get a 
license of 200 dols. a-year for each branch, in addition to 
the regular merchants’ licence. A violation of the 
ordinance is made a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of 
not less than roo dols. nor more than 500 dols.” 





= 


BASTING WITH A LOCK-STITCH MACHINE, 


In the pamphlet on ‘Sewing Machines Past and 
Present’ issued by the Two-Reel Sewing Machine Com- 
pany, there appearsa section devoted to the relative merits 
of lockandchain stitch machines. Mr. Daniel Jones has for 
long to our own knowledge held the opinion that chain- 
stitch machines will one day be ousted from their most 
favoured preserve—the hosiery factory. In the first 
place there is a great waste of thread, as a chain-stitch 
machine uses one-third more cotton than its compeer, 
There is, of course, the question of elasticity to consider, 
but, says Mr. Jones, there is more fiction than fact in the 
claim that the chain-stitch is the only one which will 
produce an elastic stitch, and this he hopes to demonstrate 
at an early date. 

In the meantime, in the little work named above, 
appears a suggestion to users of lock-stitch machines as 
follows : 

“Tf it should be desired to temporarily ‘baste’ or join 
material in such a way that the (lock) stitch would 
be readily unpicked or unravelled, all that the 
operator has to do is to leave one thread 
so slack, or destitute of tension, that the thread lies 
straight along one side of the material, and is not drawn 
into it. The straight thread can then be readily with- 
drawn, and the looped thread being consequently 
unlocked, the entire thread comes out, and can be used 
for other purposes. This fact is frequently overlooked 
by users of lock-stitch sewing machines, and some persons 
actually dislike lock-stitch machines because their seams 
are so difficult to rip up or unpick. What greater praise 
could be bestowed upon the lock-stitch than this kind of 
censure? The amount of thread taken by the different 
kinds of stitch is about as under :— 





Lock-stitch= 1'0=50 yards of cotton 
Produce 20 yards of seam. 
Chain-stitch=1°33=67 yards of cotton, 
Produce 20 yards of seam. 

Double thread chain=2'°5=125 yards, 
Produce 26 yards of seam.” 








RHODES AS A COMPANY. 


We understand that the well-known Halifax firm of 
Thomas Rhodes & Sons, Limited, was recently registered 
as a company, with a capital of £10,000 in £5 shares. 
The company is formed to acquire and take over as a 
going concern the business of sewing-machine and 
musical instrument dealers and general house furnishers, 
formerly carried on under the styles or firms of Thomas 
Rhodes & Sons and the Cash Furnishing Company, at 
18, Silver Street, and 4 and 6, Broad Street, both in 
Halifax, and to carry on the business of sewing-machine 
dealers, pianoforte and other musical instrument dealers, 
cabinet-makers, and warehousemen, furnishers, &c. The 
subscribers are—James Rhodes, 26, Clifton Road, Hali- 
fax, furnisher; William Rhodes, Morris Hill, South- 
port; Cornelius Rhodes, 63, Clare Road, Halifax, 
furnisher ; Mrs. Emma Rhodes, 26, Clifton Road, 
Halifax ; Frederick Drake, 36, Emsent Grove, Halifax, 
bookkeeper; Mrs. Emily Rhodes, 63, Clare Road, Hali- 
fax ; Mrs. Henrietta Rhodes, 27, Riding Street, South- 
port—one share each. The company was registered 
without articles of association by Jordan & Sons, 120, 
Chancery Lane, W.C., and the registered office is 4 and 
6, Broad Street, Halifax. 





May 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


15 





THE NEW W. AND W. MACHINE. 


A year or so ago it was decided by the Wheeler & Wil- 
son Manufacturing Company to introduce a new hand 
machine, which, whilst being well up to the Company’s 
standard of quality, should be procurable by dealers at 
a much lower price than has formerly béen charged for 


== 
ii 


B = 











somewhat smaller and lighter, and the hand appliance is 
more compact. Although the “D 9” can be used with 
a treadle, the Company specially desire to sell it asa hand 
machine for which it is eminently suited, being extra- 
ordinarily light and quiet. 

This machine is invariably supplied with a handsome 
walnut cover (as illustrated), which cover is held to the 
machine by means of four bolts, two 
at each end, operated by the ordinary 
machine key. These bolts also hold 
the head to the base. The accessories 
are kept in a roomy walnut box 
of a size just sufficient to go under 
the arm of the machine, which box 
has an ingenious revolving shutter, also 
tubber feet in order not to scratch the base. 

We find the upper part of the machine, 
so far as the feed, tension, the useful ten- 
sion-release, and the driving mechanism are 
concerned, to resemble the “ No. 9,” The 
thread guide, however, is fitted to the 
needle-bar in a novel manner. It is 
attached by a screw which is independent 
altogether of the needle set-screw,which is a 
decided improvement, as mechanics will at 
., Once recognise. Then as to the needle: 
» whilst the ordinary ‘‘ No. 9” will answer, 
it is recommended to use a new needle 
with a flat shank, which it is only possi- 
ble to set correctly. Slots are used 








instead of holes wherever possible to avoid 




















any of this Company’s machines. During the past month 
the first consignment of the new machine has arrived, 
and we have had an opportunity of thoroughly examin- 
ing both the machine and the conditions under which it 
is to be offered to dealers. For details as to terms we 
must refer our readers to the Wheeler & Wilson Manu- 
facturing Company, 6, Paul Street, Finsbury, London, 
E.C. As to the new features of the machine, we will at 
once give a few particulars. 





Our readers will observe from our illustration that the 
new machine, called, by the way, the “D 9,” bears a 
striking resemblance to the “No. 9.” It is, however, 





























trouble in threading up, and a further im- 
provement is a thread-cutter. This cutter 
is fitteé to the front plate slide in such 
a manner as not to be in the way, and it 
not only cuts the thread but holds it until 
required. 

But it is the under-part of the machine where the 
greatest change has been made, and, ina word, this 
improvement consists in adapting the mechanism of the 
“No. 11,’ a manufacturing machine, to the ‘““D 9,” 
which is exclusively for domestic use. Most of our 
readers will understand what is meant by the “ No. 11” 
without further details, but our illustrations will enable 
all in the trade to appreciate the mechanism. 

Mr. Joseph Powell, the representative of the manu- 
facturers in this country, is enthusiastic over this new 
machine, which he considers worthy to rank among the 
best achievements of the Wheeler & Wilson Company, 
and we can conscientiously support him in this opinion. 
We are informed that applications for agencies must be 
made early, as there is certain to be a rush of dealers 
anxious to handle it, having regard to the extraordinary 
terms offered to the trade. 

We might add that the “D9” is sent to dealers 
packed four in a case, which case is not charged for, nor 
is it returnable. 








SPECIAL NOTICE. 














There are three ways of obtaining the 



















































































Sewing Machine Gazette: (1) By sub- 



















































































scribing direct to the office’ 3s. 6d. for 





















































twelve months ; ts. 9d. for six months . 





















































or Is. for three months, in all cases post 









































free. 







































































(2) By sending fivepence each month 





























for acopy, post free, 




























































































(3) By ordering it through a news- 




































































agent, who will supply it for fourpence, 































































































but it should be ordered early in the 






































































































































month. 




















































































































































































































































































































MECHANIC and PACKER.—A 




























































































leading Sewing Machine Company is 





















































wanting a Mechanic and Packer.—Apply, by 
letter, at once, to “ Packer,” care of the Sewing 
Meee Gazette, 28, Paternoster Row, London, 





TS ee 
art ce Snes 


et 





Sop Sore 


eT I OTC 


= 


16 


SEIDEL AND NAUMANN S TRADE IN 1894. 


We hear with pleasure that Messrs. Seidel & Naumann, 
whose factory is the largest on the Continent, found their 
trade last year highly satisfactory. They produced no less 
than 80,000 sewing machines and 13,000 bicycles, amount- 
ing in value to£260,000, being £28,000 more than in 
1893. The meeting of the shareholders was held last 
Saturday, when a dividend of 21 per cent. was declared. 

The factory has been for several months overcharged 
with orders, and is even now not able to execute orders 
with such promptitude as heretofore, though all the hands 
are working overtime, and the average daily output is 
270 sewing machines and 115 cycles. 

This is certainly a proof that the ‘‘ Naumann”’ 
machines are very popular all over the world, and that the 
firm have appreciative customers, though their prices may 
be a trifle higher than other makers. 

- The factory, which is under the management 
of Mr. Bruno Naumann, is, the proprietors inform us, 





instructed “never to compete with other makers in | 


price but only in quality, and to this principle, which Mr. 
Naumann has adhered to since commencing business 
twenty-seven years ago, is largely due its extension 
and the world - wide reputation of their machines.” 
The works are again to be enlarged, and upwards of 
£10,000 has been provided for the new buildings. 

The best material only, we are assured, is selected for 
the manufacture of the machines, and for finish and 
workmanship Messrs. Seidel & Naumann claim to be 
unrivalled by any other firm. The many improvements 
with which the ‘‘ Naumann ” machines are provided 
gives them a distinction in all markets. 

‘As most of our readers are aware, the London whole- 
sale warehouse for these machines is at 23, Moor Lane, 
Fore Street, E.C., where alsoa large assortment of first- 
class German pianos and self-playing musical instru- 
ments can be seen. 





A HANDY DOMESTIC APPLIANCE. 


We illustrate hereunder the “ Domestic Dish Washer,” 
which Messrs. A. Pinfold and Co., of Cleckheaton, have 
just patented. Having tested it ourselves, we can con- 
fidently recommend it as a very useful article in every 
household, and as it sells at the low price of sixpence, no 
doubt it will have a large sale. 











(PATENT area Fon 








As will be understood from the illustration, this | 
washer has a mop at one side to take the place of the | 
ordinary wet cloth, and on the reverse side is a brush. | 


The handle being somewhat long, enables the washing- 


to the hands. 








THE, RAILWAY.RATES: QUESTION. 


During the past month the vexed problem of railway 
rates has been to some extent cleared up by the Railway 
Commission presided over by Mr. Justice Collins. 


from Southampton Town, also, 76 miles, to 8s. 4d. per 


home merchandise of the same description. 


The Commission had to answer two main questions, | their creditors. 
the one a question of law, and the other a question of | 
The question of law was whether a lower rate for } 
foreign as against home merchandise can be justified by | 


a railway company on the ground that the foreign mer- | up, and that Mr. A. F. Whinney, C.A., 8, Old Jewry, E.C., be 


| liquidator. 


fact. 


chandise is presented to them in a form which secures 
great economy in carriage and handling, and less liability 
todamage. Now in cases of alleged undue preference, 
where the goods in both cases are home goods, this matter 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


: : The | 464s. 9s.6d. The principal creditors are :— 
complaint was that whereas a charge of, in most cases, | 
6s. per ton is made for certain articles of foreign mer- | 
chandise, such as bacon, butter, cheese, fresh meat, hops, } 
and hay, from Southampton Docks to London, a distance | 
of 76 miles, a charge ranging from 13s. 11d. per ton | 
1 May 2nd to Mr. A. Ewen, Bradford. 
from Woking, 23 miles, is made for the conveyance of | 





May 1, 1895. 





of comparative cost of working to the company has long 
been recognised as one of ‘‘ the considerations affecting 


the case” which the Commissioners may take 
into account in deciding whether the difference 
in rate amounts to an undue _ preference or 


not. Ifa home trader offers to a railway company large 
consignments of goods at regular intervals carefully 
packed, it is admittedly legitimate for a railway company 
to give him a lower rate than another trader who fulfils 
none of these conditions. Does the Act allow this when 
the preference is between home traders and disallow it 
when the case is one between home and foreign? Yes, 
urged the complainants ; that is the clear effect of the 
proviso, which expressly declares that no difference of 
rate is to be made between home and foreign merchan- 
dise at all. No, said Mr. Justice Collins in effect ; this 
is adopting the letter of the proviso only, and not its 
spirit. The real purpose which the Legislature had in view 
was to strike at any difference of treatment between 
home and foreign goods. Yo secure this, the same con- 
siderations that are allowed to condone a preference when 
the goods in both cases are home goods must be given 
equal weight when the goods in the one case are foreign. 
To allow the mere fact that the lower-rated goods are 
foreign to turn a difference into an undue prefereuce is 
not only not to not carry out the intention of the proviso, 
but it is to go directly contrary to its spirit, 

The question of law having been decided in fayour 
of the railway company, the question of fact followed to 
be considered. Granted that a difference in rate between 
foreign and home produce may be justified by urging 


| the different conditions of the traffic, are these condi- 


tions sufficiently different in the particular cases under 
complaint to account for the very great discrepancy in 
the charges? On this issue the Commissioners came 
to the conclusion that the railway company had made 
out its defence as to five of the articles mentioned 
in the application, viz., bacon and hams, butter, 
cheese, lard, and wool. As to fresh meat, Sir 
Frederick Peel thought that sufficient evidence had 
not been produced to account for the whole of the 
difference in the rate, and accordingly an order is to 
be issued directing that the home and foreign meat 
isto be carried on equal terms; but Lord Cobham 
stated that a very slight alteration in the rates at present 
in force would probably constitute a sufficient compliance 
with this order. Asto the two remaining articles, hops 
and hay, the foreign hay is hydraulic or steam _ pressed, 
and can be loaded 4 tons to a truck to 24 tons of English 
hay, and the foreign hops are packedin square bales, which 
are easier to handle and give a better load per truck than 
the round bales of English hops. But in other respects 
the services rendered in each case by the railway company 
are similar ; and, after making due allowance for the less 
cost of conveyance of the foreign goods, the Commis- 
sioners came to the conclusion that an undue preference 
had to some extent been given in these two cases, and they 
will therefore issue an order for this to be rectified in the 


: § t SM ! future. 
up of plates, dishes, etc., to be carried on without injury | 








Failures and Arrangements. 





} JOSEPH BAMBOROUGH, sewing machine dealer, 76, Manchester 


Read, Nelson. 
A deed of arrangement, dated March 28th, was filed herein on 
March 30th. Unsecured liabilities, £143 14s. I1d.; net assets, 


s. d. 
Jones’ Sewing Machine Company, Limited, Manchester 39 0 © 
Lamb, Sarah Ann, Preston 3a¢ o08 otic == OO MONRO) 
JOSEPH HAWTHORN, sewing machine ‘agent, Wellington Street, 
Kettering. 
A dividend in the above will shortly be announced. Claims by 
J. T. HALE & SON, sewing and washing machine dealers, Park 
Place, Liverpool. 


The above have just executed a deed of assignment for the benefit of 








THOMAS SEWING MACHINE COMPANY, LIMITED. 
A resolution was passed on the 16th ult. that thiscompany be wound | 


A BILL OF SALE, dated March 26th, was filed on March 28th 

against George Humphrey, sewing machine engineer, High Town 

ee and Duke Street, Luton, in favour of Charles H. Luis for 
Ico. 


Grae ti Sil 


May 1, 1895. 











MiSs 








WHERE IRON IS FOUND. 


Comparatively few persons are really aware of the 
source from which iron is obtained, although it is the 
most useful of metals. We have, therefore, read with 
great interest an article in the current number of A7vow- 
ledge, written by Mr. John T. Kemp, M.A. 

Few elements are more abundant in nature than iron, 
whilst none is more widely distributed. Its compounds 
pervade every portion of the earth’s crust. Among 
massive and stratified rocks alike, ferruginous deposits 
exist on an enormous scale, frequently assuming 
mountainous dimensions or covering many hundred 
square miles. The variety of their composition is 
hardly less remarkable. Thus the useful ores 
include ferric oxide, known in the crystallised condition as 
specular iron ore, and in the amorphous state as 
hematite ; the magnetic oxide or magnetite; ferric 
hydrate, which occurs sparingly in the crystalline form 
as the mineral gothite, but abounds in the amorphous 
condition of limonite titaniferous iron, a mixture of ferric 
oxide with a variable proportion of titanic oxide; ferrous 
carbonate or spathic iron ore, with impure varieties 
known as clay ironstone. To these must be added iron 
disulphide, of which two crystalline modifications occur, 
viz., iron pyrites, commonly met with in the form of 
brass-yellow cubes, and marcasite, much lighter in colour 
with a radiated structure. Among less abundant but 
noteworthy compounds may be mentioned magnetic 
pyrites, copper pyrites, one of the most abundant ores of 
that metal ; mispickel, or arsenical pyrites, the principal 
source of arsenic; vivianite, a ferrous phosphate of 
variable composition, met with in beds in which animal 
matter has decayed, often of a brilliant blue colour, 

A few illustrations of the magnitude of some fer- 
ruginous deposits may here be quoted. Pilot Knob, in 
Missouri, a hill several hundred feet high, consists almost 
entirely of a single mass of hematite. Near Gellivara, 
in the north of Sweden, a mountain of magnetite exists, 
whese dimensions are reported as sixteen thousand feet 
long, eight thousand feet broad, and two thousand feet 
high. Beds of magnetite are met with among the 
Archean rocks of Canada up to two hundred feet in 
thickness. In the same region are immense deposits of 
hematite, titaniferous ore, and iron sulphides. Zirkel 
describes Erzberg, a mountain in Styria, rising two 
thousand feet above the neighbouring valley, as composed 
almost exclusively of spathic iron ore. 

Besides those ferruginous deposits which from their 
form or dimensions are entitled to rank as indepen- 
dent rock masses, hosts of smaller aggregations 
are met with, such as veins, encrusting layers, 
nodules, and scattered crystals. Thus hematite often 
occurs in veins traversing crystalline rocks, whilst 
layers of ferric hydrate are deposited in their channels 
by waters containing iron, both above and below 
the surface. Many of the septarian masses so 
common in clayey strata consist essentially of clay 
ironstone. Hematite nodules, often containing fossil 
remains, abound among some of the carboniferous beds. 
Masses and single crystals of iron pyrites occur plentifully 
in some strata, marcasite in others, but what conditions 
determine the form assumed by the sulphide we do not 
know. The various “ greensands” owe their appellation 
to the presence of grains of an iron silicate of very variable 
composition, known as glauconite ; deposits of the same 
mineral are now forming in certain parts of the sea-bed. 
Magnetite may here be mentioned as an essential con- 
stituent of basalt and other volcanic rocks, in which it 
occurs in the form of opaque cctahedral crystals. 

The most striking evidence of the universal presence 
of iron in nature is, however, found in the colours im- 
parted by its compounds. Iron has justly been called 
“ the great pigment of nature.” Few deposits there are 
which are not tinged with iron in one chemical form or 
another. To it are due the brown, yellow, red, green, 
blue, and creamy tints which in endless variety charac- 
terise the vast majority of rocks. Green and blue 
colorations are produced generally by ferrous compounds, 
red by ferric anhydride, and yellow and brown tints by 









and Sewing Machine Gazette, 17 








ferric hydrates. The presence of other substances, such 
as carbonaceous matter, largely affects the coloration in 
many instances. 

Probably not more than eight or possibly ten of the 
elements occur in the earth’s crust in larger proportion 
than iron, The significance of this fact will be appreciated 
when it is added that ninety-nine out ofa hundred parts 
by weight of the crust are estimated to be composed of 

some sixteen elements at the most, leaving fifty or more 
which constituletheremaining one-hundredth part. Never- 
theless, in comparison with oxygen, silicon and aluminium, 
of which about eighty-five per cent. of the accessible rocks 
consist, a decidedly low place must be assigned to iron as 
constituting probably less than one per cent of the whole, 
so rapidly does the relative abundance of the elements 
fall off. About half of the earth’s crust is composed of 
oxygen. 

Tron is, as would naturally be expected from the uni: 
versality of its occurrence elsewhere, one of the elements, 
some thirty in all, which have been detected in the 
oceanic waters. Messrs. Thorpe & Morton report the 
presence of ferrous carbonate to the extent of one part in 
two hundred thousand in the water of the Irish Sea col- 
lected during winter. This proportion, if maintained 
throughout the ocean, would indicate the existence of 
more than four billion tons of metallic iron in solution. 

In the organic world, again, iron appears to play an 
indispensable part. It is an essential constituent of the 
blood, whilst the production of chlorophyll in plants has 
been experimentally proved to be, in some way as yet 
imperfectly understood, dependent on the presence of 
iron in their nutriment. According to Ehrenberg some 
species of diatoms secrete ferric oxide in considerable 
quantities. ; 

But the existence of iron is not confined to our own 
planet. The spectroscope reveals its presence in the sun 
and many of the stars. It is alsothe chief constituent of 
meteorites. 

Native iron is of very rare occurrence among the ter- 
restrial rocks. Veins are all but unknown. It has most 
frequently been detected in the form of grains scattered 
through certain eruptive rocks, such as the gabbros 
belonging to the volcanic outbursts of Mull and Skye 
during the Tertiary period, and in the basalt of the Giant’s 
Causeway. Nordenskiold has discovered in the island of 
Disco, off the west coast otf Greenland, a number of large 
masses of iron, one weighing nearly twelve tons; but 
whether they are of terrestrial origin isdoubtful. Similar 
masses occur in the basalt of the vicinity. The great 
traveller himself regarded them as memorials of a 
meteoric fall during the outflowing of the rock in Tertiary 
times ; but Daubree has shown that the rock contains 
microscopic’ particles of iron, associated with certain 
other minerals in such a way as to exclude the hypo- 
thesis of the conjunction being accidental. He therefore 
concludes that the iron came from below with the other 
constituents of the mass. 

This subject naturally raises the question, so often asked 
in view of the high density (about 5:5) of the earth asa 
whole compared with the average density (say 2°5) of the 
surface rocks, viz., whether the interior contains large 

quantities of iron or other uncombined metals Taking as a 
guide Sir A. Geikie’s list of the sixteen most abundant 
elements, it is observable that their heaviest combina- 
tions with one another barely reach the minimum specific 
gravity required to account for the earth’s density. 
Whether the enormous pressure, vastly greater than any 
whose effects we can observe in our laboratories, to which 
the earth’s internal layers are subjected, would serve to 
compress the materials to the requisite degree is exceed- 
ingly doubtful, whilst it is certain that the high internal 
temperature of the earth’s interior must, to a large 
extent, counteract the reduction of volume through 
pressure. It seems most probable, therefore, that exten- 
sive deposits of heavy materials of some kind exist in the 
interior of the earth, and of such none is more likely to 
abound than iron, considering its high rank as a con- 
stituent of the crust. 

Meteoric iron is know: in masses varying from many 
tons in weight down to microscopic grains. The latter 
have been detected in the snows of the Alps and the 
Arctic regions, and caught on board ship in mid-ocean by 
means of sheets of glass smeared with glycerine and 
exposed to the wind. Grains of metallic iron abound in 











18 






the red clay of the Atlanti> Ocean, a fact which may be 
taken as a proof of its slow growth. Meteoric iron is 
invariably alloyed with metallic nickel. Until recently 
the natural occurrence of “ nickel-iron,”’ (as the alloy 1s 
termed, notwithstanding the predominance of the latter 
element) was unknown except as a constituent of 
meteorites. Masses of an alloy of the two metals (with 
other materials) have, however, been lately discovered in 
the gravel of a stream in Oregon, which differ in some 
remarkable respects from all meteorites hitherto known. 
Thus they do not exhibit the peculiar markings, termed 
“ Widmannstatt’s figures,’ when treated with nitric or 
hydrochloric acid. Josephinite is the name which has 
been given to the new mineral. 

Tron is also found alloyed with platinum. A specimen 
from Siberia analysed by Berzelius was found to contain 
86°50 per cent. of platinum, 8°32 per cent. of iron, 
together with small quantities of palladium, rhodium, 
copper, and “ gangue.” Another sample from South 
America contained, of platinum 84°30 per cent., of iron 
5°31 per cent., of rhodium 3°46 per cent., besides palladium 
irridium, osmium and copper, seven metals in all. 








THE FATIGUE OF METALS. 


The metallic parts of machines that are in constant 
use, if they are rot fully strong enough for the work 
required of them, undergo what is known scientifically 
as fatigue. In metals there is a point in their resistance 
to pulling, bending, or crushing which is known as the 
elastic limit. Beyond this limit, if continued in use, 

ermanent strain begins. When machines are submitted 
to this limit of strain, if not kept up too long, they may 
be restored to normal condition, just as a muscle is by 
resting. If the strength and power of a machine is fully 
equal to the task imposed upon it, it does not undergo 
this fatigue, and the use of it may be kept up con- 
tinuously until impaired by friction. The resemblance 
in this particular to the muscles of man and other 
animals is very striking. _ 























































































































During the past month Mr. Paul Silberberg, of Hamburg, paid 
London a flying visit. 


* * 


Mr. A. W. Gray, of 11, Wendell Road, Shepherds Bush, W., is about 
to open a domestic machinery depot. 
* * 
* 
Mr. R.G. de Leeuw, late with Singers,'has started business as a 


domestic machinery agent in North Shields. 
= * 


= 
Mr. M. Owens, Dublin ‘agent for the Wheeler & Wilson Company, 
wishes us to state that Joseph Hennessey, of 2, Richmond Parade, 
North Dublin, is no longer in his employ. 
* 
< : 
A shoe trade exhibition opened yesterday, and among the exhibitors 
are Singers and the W. & W. Company, who make a fine display of 


sewing machines: og 


zs 
Sickness has been rife in the trade the past month. Among the 
invalids was Mr. G. W. Phillips, of the Vertical Feed Sewing Machine 
Company, and Mr. J. A. Chapman, the veteran dealer of Sunderland, 


Both are now convalescent. 
x s 


s 
We learn that Mr. W: Kirkpatrick, who has been superintendent of the 
Singer Company for the past seventeen years in Drogheda, has re- 
signed his position, and is about starting a commission agency business. 


We wish him every success. 
x 


* 

The mangle factory which Messrs. J. G. Murdoch & Co. are erect- 
ing in the Isle of Dogs is nearing completion. Their object, as we 
understané it, is not so much to make for the trade as for their own 
retail business, which, as our readers know, is very extensive. 

= * 
= 

Messrs. John Gough & Co., of Manchester, write us as follows:— 
‘« We have the pleasure to inform you that owing to the enormous 
increase in our trade in Scotland, we have been compelled to take a 
new warehouse at 57, Hope Street, Glasgow, where we shall keep 
a stock of the latest productions in our different departments.” 

x * 
= 

The International Music Trades Exhibition, which is to be held at 
the Agricultural Hall, London, from June 13th to June 24th next, is 
meeting with great success so far as patronage is concerned. Mr. LH. 
L. Benjamin, the well-known cabinet-maker of Great Eastern Street, 

_ E.C., is managing director of the company which is promoting the 
show. 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 



























May 1, 1895. 


Messrs. Ellerman & Bassart, trading under the style of the Finsbury 
Machine Company, have just opened a wholesale depot for sewing an 
patent washing machines, patent mangles, aud patent churns at 215, 
Old Street, E.C. All their articles are of German manufacture, and 
they have several novelties in the washing machine line worthy of the 
attention of dealers. 


= 
= 


We direct attention to an advertisement on page 3, from which 
it will be seen that the American Trading Company, of 99, Fenchurch 
Street, E.C., are now wholesale agents for the ‘“‘New Home” Sewing 
Machine for London and all England south ofthe Tees. They intend, 
we understand, to offer special advantages to agents, and invite 
inquiries as to terms, &c. 

* e 
f * 

Mr. Oliver Burnhope, for many years with the Singer Manufacturing 
Company, for whom he atone time was district manager, and more 
recently travelling superintendent, has left his firm and started business 
as a sewing and domestic machinery dealer on his own account at 61, 
Queen Street; Hull. Mr. Burnhope desires manufacturers to send him 
trade lists, particularly of perambulators. 


x* 
* 


During the past month there was held in Reading a Hygienic 
Exhibition, at which both sewing machines and perambulators were 
exhibited. The Vertical Feed sewing machine was exhibited by the 
Company’s local agent, Mr. E. Weston, with the most satisfactory 
results, and Bradbury’s bassinettes were exhibited by Mr. E. Hill, of 
Broad Street, the Company’s agent for Reading and district. 


x * 
* 


Messrs. Taylor & Wilson, Limited, the well-known mangle manu- 
facturers, of Accrington, wish us to announce that they have appointed 
Mr. T. C. Cole, of 122, Southwark Street, S.E., their representative 
for London and the South of England.. Mr. Cole, as our readers well 
know, is manager for the American Wringer Company, and he will, we 
understand, keep a stock of Taylor & Wilson’s various manufactures 


ready for immediate delivery. i 


* 

We regret to have to announce the death of Mr. Alfred Carter, the 
well-known invalid-catriage manufacturer, which occurred last month. 
The deceased had beenin business on Holborn Viaduct some eleven 
years, previously having been in partnership with Mr. John Carter, of 
Cavendish Street, W. -It was only last year that Mr. Alfred Carter 
turned his business into a company, and his death at the age of 52 was 
due to bronchitis and heart failure. 


* * 
alk 


Dealers should be careful to keep guard cyer mail carts or prams 
exposed for sale outside their shops. Last month Mr. Killwick, of 
Commercial Road, E., missed a cart from the front of his shop, and it 
wag some hours before the police were able to findit. The man, John 
Kennedy, who had it in his possession, actually told the police that he 
was taking it to acustomer for Mr. Killwick, and denied stealing it. 
He now stands committed for trial. 

mK 
* 


Mr. Samuel James Watson has just opened a depot at 4, Thwaites 
Arcade, Blackburn,-and will retail cycles, sewing and washing 
machines, perambulators, and jewellery. Mr. Watson was with the 
Singer Company some five years in Blackburn, where he held the 
record for two years in succession for the best salesmanship. In August 
last he was made manager at Accrington, resigning in January, and 
waiting the usual three months before starting on his own account. We 
wish him every success. 


* * 
* 


Messrs. Entwisle & Kenyon, of Accrington, are best known to. our 
readers as manufacturers of mangles. They have, however, the last 
few years been making carpet sweepers On a large scale. In order to 
foster trade their latest bit of enterprise is to get the well-known 
Dudley Hardy to design for them a new show card, and a very striking 
production it is, too. It depicts a prim domestic in all her “ war 
paint” using a “* Ewbank” Carpet Sweeper. The card is 22 in. by 
14 in., with brass mounts, and is printed in several colours. Dealers 
should apply for a copy, which will be sent free. 

x * 
= 


During the past month there was held at the Agricultural Hall, 
London, a Furniture Exhibition under the control of Mr. G. D. Smith. 
There was a good display of high-class furniture and sanitary appli- 
ances. Mr. C. C. Beetles showed many artistic and useful articles in 
bamboo, also Japanese bassinettes, and Mr. J. B. Kohn had a similar 
display. R. M. Presland & Sons, of Hackney Road, exhibited a 
variety of children’s carriages and carts. Mr. James B. Petter, the 
ironfounder and domestic machinery dealer of Yeovil, made a fine 
exhibit of his patent ‘ Nautilus” fire-brick lined and smokeless 
grate. 

= & 
x 

Messrs. Ellis & Co., Limited, jewellers and sewing machine dealers, 
Bartlett’s Buildings, E.C., had a curious experience last month. From 
the proceedings at the police-court, it appears that Alfred Lawrance 
purchased a watch from this firm, and sent them two postal orders, one 
for 20s. and the other for 5s., as part payment. It so happened that 
these two orders were being searched for, as a Miss Bellfield, of Forest 
Gate, another customer of Messrs. Ellis, had posted them to this firm 
a few days earlier, but her letter had never arrived. Now Lawrance is 
a letter carrier employed in the E.C. district, and there is, perhaps, 
nothing extraordinary in pilfering by postmen. But what raises this — 
case above the ordinary petty larceny is the defence given by the 
prisoner when being committed for trial. The explanation he gave 
was that he had found the orders between the leaves of a novel hz had 
picked up. He had since sold his books, including the novel, to-a 
man he had neyer seen before or sin-e. 


'May 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


A REVOLUTIONARY MACHINE. 
Startling Reductions in Prices to Dealers ! 


Lists in Preparation. Enquiries Invited. 
000 OOOOF0SSSSSOHOHOOHOOSOSSOSOO OOOOH OD OOH OOOOH OOOO OOOOOO® 

















Showing Bobbin in Position, REVOLVING SHUTTER BOX. Showing Bobbin Out. 


For Accessories and Attachments. 









































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































ithe (ee ie hove Tenens 


PHSHSCSSHOSSOSHOOOOOOD TENSES ESS555555000555SSSSSCSNSCDSSOCHSODEOESEO OOF OUOOCSEAS STE 


WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING Co., 


6 to 11, PAUL STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON, [ety 





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THE NEW PATENT BILL. 


Any suggested alteration of our Patent Laws is of interest, not only 
to patentees, but to almost every trader in the country. Our readers, 
then, should know that there is now before the House of Commons a 
Bill to amend the British Patent Law. This bill has many supporters, 
and not a few opponents. Among the latter is our well-known con- 
temporary, zgineering, which, by the way, is one of the best 
authorities on patent subjects. Our contemporary writes as follows :— 

-Three things are much needed (1) reliable protection from the date 
of application for a patent; (2) reasonable facilities for amending the 
specification and economically protecting developments of the original 
invention; (3) a much more expeditious and economical process of 
determining questions of validity and infringement. : 

As the Jaw stands, when an inventor has applied for a patent his 
hands are practically tied for, approximately, a twelvemonth, inasmuch 
as he has to risk all the time and money he may devote to his inven- 
tion, as well as, to some extent, the invention itself, because he 
necessarily remains in doubt, until publication of the specification of 
every completed application for a patent in front of his own, as to 
whether some other person has applied before him (it may be months 
or only a day or so) for a patent in respect of the same invention, or 
of one so far like it as to prevent him from working his invention 
without a licence from the earlier patentee. As if this state of dark- 
ness and doubt were not a sufficient drawback, the unfortunate inventor 
is, furthermore, in many cases practically compelled, as a matter of 
precaution, to abstain from using or showing his invention during the 
period of provisional protection, because every earlier applicant there 
may be in respect of ary invention of similar class, who has lodged 
only a provisional specification, has the right to a patent (if unopposed) 
based upon a subsequent complete specification, but dating back to the 
date of filing his provisional specification. As the object of provisional 
protection is to give an inventor an opportunity of developing his 
invention, he is naturally allowed considerable latitude when his com- 
plete specification comes to be compared with his provisional specifi- 
cation, especially as the provisional specification is required to describe 
only the nature of the invention, and not (as the complete specification 
must) also the manner of performing it. Hence it is not surprising that, 
as is well known, provisional specifications are often vague, sometimes 
unintelligible. " i Sere 

Under the Act of 1883 it was provided that if, after an application 
had been made, but before a patent had been sealed, another applica- 
tion was made accompanied by a specification bearing the same or a 
similar title, the examiner should report whether the specifications ap- 
peared to him to comprise the same invention; and the Comptroller 
was empowerec to determine, subject to an appeal to the law officer, 
whether the invention comprised in both applications was the same, 
and, if so, to'refuse to seal a patent to the second applicant. ea 

By the Act of 1888 this provision was repealed. Why? Inprinciple 
it was sound and its aim was just. Why then, we repeat, was it re- 
pealed? The answer is, simply because it was found to be unworkable. 
The reason is not far to seek. So impossible was it to deter- 
mine, on a comparison of two provisional specifications, or 
of a _ provisional with a complete specification, whether the 
same invention was comprised in both, that in_ practice 
notices of interference were constantly sent in cases when in fact no 
interference existed, and perhaps as often there was failure to send 
notice when the circumstances were such as to call for it. Here, 
then, we havea very strong argument against continuing the practice 
of granting protection, as from the deposit of a provisional specifica- 
tion, in respect not only of what is described in that document, but also 
for something that the provisional specification does not describe, but 
which is alleged to be comprised within the four corners of that some- 
times unintelligible document. ‘fhe number of cases in which opposi- 
tion is successful on the ground that the complete specification describes 
or claims an invention other than that described in the provisional 
specification, and that sucb other inventicn forms the subject of an 
application made by the opponent in the interval affords additional 
evidence in abundance to support the contention of those who say that 
the system of dating back is a direct incentive to fraud, is calculated to 
retard progress, and should be forthwith abolished. Those in favour of 
the system may protest that the inventor requires time to perfect his in- 
vention, and that he cannot safely make experiments, and so forth, untilhe 
has applied for a patent. We freely admit all this, with the impor- 
tant addition that (as already indicated) he cannot even rely on his pro- 
visional protection. By all means give to the inventor protection as 
from the date of application in respect of everything disclosed in the 
specification then filed. But, in the interests alike of the honest inventor 
and of the public at large, we object to the plan of keeping the first 
specification secret for many months, and then allowing priority as from 
the date of that specification, but on the basis of a later specification 
from which features contained in the first specification may be omitted, 
and in which features not contained in the first specification may be, 
and usually are, included. Why should this later specification be 
allowed to date back to the date of filing of the earlierone? Why not 
require that the first specification shall describe and claim the invention 
fully so far as the applicant is then able to describe and ciaim it, so 
that the world may know definitely and clearly what it is to which he 
is entitled as from the date of application; and let him file as 
many subsequent specifications as he likes, omitting therefrorn what 
he wishes to get rid of, and including whatever improvements he 
desires toadd? What reasonable objection could there be to this, if 
each specification so filed were treated as superseding all the earlier 
ones, and none of the latter were allowed to be urged as anticipating 
what was claimed in the specification last filed? To us it appears that, 
in this way, the dova-fide inventor would be more effectually protected 
than is now the case, and the fraudulent practice, frequently resorted 
. to by unscrupulous persons, of so construing an incomprehensible pro- 

visional specification in a subsequent complete specification, having a 
retrospective effect as to deprive a later applicant of his own invention, 
would be stopped. At any rate, the proposa. is one we deem so far 
deserving of full consideration as to justify further notice in our 
columns on a future occasion. 


| 
; 
| 
{ 








ZO) ta The Journal of Domestic Appliances 








- May 1, 1895. 


se ES 


Of course, there are alternatives. Some may prefer certificates of 
addition or patents of addition or of improvement on some such lines 
as obtain, for example, in France, Germany, Belgium, and Italy. 
Whatever might be the plan adopted, it wouldneed to be extremely 
bad if it were not preferable to our existing system. 

As regards the trial of Patent actions, it is hardly too much to say 
that our present system is such as, in many cases, to amount practically 
to a denial of justice. No doubt this is true with respect to many other 
classes of cases besides those relating to patents. But it should be 
borne in mind that the object of the patent laws is to stimulate people 
to exercise their ingenuity in order that improvements may be intro- 
duced for the public benefit, but in such a way, nevertheless, as not to 
be mischievous to the State, by raising prices of commodities at home, 
or hurt oftrade, or generally inconvenient. This being so, surely it 
follows that a thoroughly efficient system should include facilities for 
two things to be done, without necessitating the grievous risk to those 
concerned of having to incur what may be to them ruinous outlay, viz., 
(a) it should be made easy for the owner ofa valid patent to enforce his 
rights; (b) like facilities should be available to every member of the 
public of defending himself against unjustifiable attack. 

Now, so far from this being the case, the actual state of things is 
such that none but the wealthy can contemplate with equanimity the 
being party to a patent action. The costs are, to persons of moderate, 
means, simply enormous, and the delays, uncertainties, and consequent 
anxiety are such as can be appreciated only by those who have actually 
suffered such an experience. Uncertainties there must always be, to 
some extent at least, because opinions do and presumably ever will 
differ ; so much so,indeed,that eminent lawyers do not invariably regard 
even aunanimous judgment of the House of Lords as good ‘law. But 
many as are the objections to the German patent system, it is, we 
believe, a far easier and less costly matter to arrive at a determination 
of any dispute with reference to a patent there than it is in this 
country. Of course German authorities differ in opinion; but so do 
English judges. It is notorious that what one judge will regard as a 
patentable invention, or as an infringement, another will 
not. But it must be admitted that the machinery available 
here for trying questions of validity and of infringement is needlessly 
cumbersome, dilatory, and costly. Asin cases of other descriptions, 
there is practically no limit to the number of counsel and expert 
witnesses that may be retained, although the bulk of the practice is 
limited toa comparatively few gentlemen having special experience in 
this particular branch, and whose professional services can in many 
cases be monopolised by wealthy litigants under the system of general 
retainers. Counsel and experts frequently have engagements simul- 
taneously in two or more places, so that at a critical moment a leader 
may be absent. Particulars are sometimes allowed as sufficient which 
do not convey to the opposite party a definite idea of the exact case he 
has to meet. Cases in the list for a particular day are frequently not 
only not reached on that day, but sometimes not till weeks or months 
afterwards, thus causing to all parties concerned most grievous incon- 
venience, annoyance, and often ruinous expense. 

These are some of the evils attending our present system. How to 
improve upon it is a large and difficult question. A special court and 
limitations as to number of counsel and expert witnesses might do 
much, although it cannot be forgotten that a special court might 
be liable to work in a certain groove. Again, there are some objec- 
tions to having outside experts to sit as assessors. But, on the whole, 
it is worthy of consideration whether it might not be advantageous to 
establish in connection with the Patent Office a court for dealing with 
cases of infringement and revocation. The Comptroller himself, or by 
his deputy, determines in the first instance whether, in an opposed 
case, a patent shall be granted or not, and whether or not an amend- 
ment shall be allowed, and there is an appeal to the law officer, whose 
decision is final. In this respect the court of first instance works more 
satisfactorily than that of appeal. Wedo not suggest that the Comp- 
troller, whose hands are already full, should himself b> saddled with 
the additional duty of dealing with cases of infringement and revoca- 
tion, nor that the law officers should sit in appeal in such cases. But 
there should be no difficulty in finding amongst members of 
the Patent Bar gentlemen who would be far better 
qualified than an average judge to adjudicate in patent 
cases; and~ if the right of appeal were limited to a second court 
also in connection with the Patent Office, we feel assured the 
result would be an appreciable improvement upon the present state of 
things. The matter is one that would, of course, require careful 
development, and in this connection it should be borne in mind that 
the same courts might have jurisdiction not only in regard to opposi- 
tion cases (in which the parties should still be allowed to appear by 
themselves or by their authorised agents), but also to trade mark and 
other matters that now go to the ordinary courts. 








THE HALL SELF-THREADING NEEDLE. 


Just as we goto press we receive specimens of the ‘‘ Hall Self- 
Threading Needle,” anda request that we should notice same. 

No doubt many persons find it somewhat troublesome to’ thread the 
ordinary machine needle, and ii the advantage of ease in threading 
could be obtained without any corresponding disadvantages, there 
would unquestionably be a large trade for the successful invention. In 
the case of the Hall patent needle now before us, the operation of 
threading can be instantly performed, even bya blind person. The 
needle appears to be made in _two parts, welded together just below 
the eye. The thread is passed through an opening at the shank, and 
then down to the eye, the welded wall of the needle acting asa spring. 
Beyond doubt this is an ingenious patent and a veritable ‘‘ self- 
threader,” but the question we have not yet solved to our satisfaction 
is as to its strength. Itseems tous that the “Hall” is at least one- 
third weaker than the ordinary needle, but we have not yet had time 
to test it,so offer this opinion under reserve. Were it not for this 
apparent fault the Hall needle would be welcome in thousands of 
households. 





May 1, 1895. 


OBTAINING A PERAMBULATOR BY 
AN ALLEGED FRAUD. 

On April 1st, at the North London Sessions, Clerken- 
well, before Mr. Loveland-Loveland, Herbert Monk stood 
his trial for obtaining by false pretences a bassinette and 
rug, with intent to defraud, from Mr. C. W. Garton, 
trading as the Highbury Machine Company. 

Mr. Groser, instructed by Mr. H. E. Tudor, prosecuted. 

Counsel, in opening the case, said that on February 
19th, the defendant, giving the name of James Freeborn, 
called at a branch depot of the prosecutor and ordered 
of the manageress, Miss Emily Ranzetta, a bassinette and 
rug, value £3 14s. 6d. Defendant signed the order form 
in the name of James Freeborn, and gave the address of 
the latter, 2a, Witley Road, Upper Holloway. The 
perambulator was delivered on February 21st. Subse- 
quent inquiries proved that a false mame and address 
had been given. The perambulator had been sold upon 
the representation made by Monk that he was James 
Freeborn, but this was the name of defendant’s brother- 
in-law. Thus it had been obtained by false pretence. 

Miss Emily Ranzetia gave evidence to the effect that 
defendant gave the name of James Freeborn, and said he 
was acabmaster. She sent the order to the head office, 
and on receiving instructions forwarded the goods to the 
address given by defendant. Subsequently she went to 
a cab rank and saw Mr. Freeborn, who was a different 
man to the prisoner, and Freeborn said he knew nothing 
of having given Monk authority to use his name, and 
that he knew nothing about it. Freeborn gave her the 
defendant’s name and address. 

Mr. James Upton, enquiry clerk to the Highbury 
Machine Co., said, that having made enquiries, he 
authorised the bassinette to be delivered. Witness knew 
Mr. Freeborn, and he was under the impression that 
Freeborn had ordered the articles and signed the order 
form. 

Defendant called James Freeborn, who said that he 
did not exactly authorise his name to be used, but he 
agreed to it afterwards, and -was prepared to pay for the 
perambulator. 

In cross-examination witness admitted that the defen- 
dant removed the perambulator to his own address, 5, 
Sydney Road, New Southgate, the day after it was 
delivered to witness’s address. 

Defendant told the jury he had no intention to 
defraud. 

The judge summed up against the prisoner, but the 
jury returned a verdict of not guilty. 

| We understand that, since the abovetrial, the High- 
bury Machine Co., taking the witness Freeborn at his 
word, are suing him for the value of the goods. ] 








THE AFFAIRS OF MR. W. ROTHWELL. 

At the Bolton Bankruptcy Court, on the 18th ult., William Rothwell, 
knitting and sewing machine dealer and hosiery manufacturer, of 
Bolton, appeared on his further public examination before Mr. Registrar 
Holden.—Mr. Addleshaw, of Manchester, again appeared for the 
liquidators of the Rothwell Hosiery Company and the Union Bank of 
Manchester; and Mr. Dixon, also of Manchester, represented the 
debtor.—At the opening of the proceedings, Mr.Rothwell asked permis- 
sion to correct a very important statement made at the last examination. 
—The Registrar agreed.—Mr. Rothwell proceeded to say that at the 
last examination Mr. Addleshaw stated that Mr. Hughes, solicitor, 
had told him (Mr. Addleshaw) that he was never instructed to prepare 
the draft of the deed for the sale of the equity in Hollywood and loan 
accounts. Since then he had made it his business to see Mr. Hughes, 
who said that he never made any such statement to Mr. Addleshaw. 
Mr. Rothwell added that the greater portion of his examination last 
time had reference to that deed.—Mr. Addleshaw said that there should 
be no mistake about it. He would take out a summons and 
have Mr. Ilughes examined before the Court.—The examination 
of the debtor was then proceeded with by Mr. Addleshaw, 
and at the outset had reference to the sale of the equity in Holly- 
wood. He said that a draft deed for the sale to a Mr. Martin was 
prepared by Mr. Hughes, but the negotiations were broken off. He 
could not say that Mr. Hughes advised Mr. Martin not to complete the 
sale. It was this way—Mr. Martin said it would be better for him to 
tind the money for the furniture, and the balance to be raised in some 
other way. The same deed, prepared by Mr. Hughes, he used for the 
sale of the property to Mr. Sellers, of Keighley, but on that occasion 
he acted as his own lawyer to save expense. Mr. Hughes had nothing 
to do with the sale to Mr. Sellers, and the deed was engrossed by 
Merediths, of Manchester, the name being altered from Martin to 
Sellers. He got the £500 from Mr. Sellers on the 4th December, and 
the receiving order was made on the 12th. The debtor was examined 
at great leugth as to the disposal of the £500, the items being taken 
seriatim and receipts produced in support of the majority of the pay- 
ments. He said the reason he paid these debts was because he did not 
want to owe anything to anybody, especially as he felt that he could 

ay 20s. in the pound and have plenty left. He paid all his debts save 

ylands, of Manchester, and he would have paid that had he had the 





and Sewing Machine Gazette 






23 


money. None of these creditors had threatened him with proceed- 
ings, and the only writ he received was that from the bank. In 
answer to other questions, the debtor said that he had furnished a 
statement to the trustee showing his income and expenditure for seven 
years, which showed that his income had been during that period 
483,000, an average of £12,000 a year. That, he added, was 
now being wasted away.—The examination was adjourned until 
May 16th. 


Atl 


HU 
nnn 
qe qa 


————— 

















In Demorest's Magazine appears an interesting article on the power 
inside a piano:—‘‘ The general notion of what happens in the interior 
of the piano when the finger presses a key may be conveyed in the 
simplest terms. Would you believe that the power developed when 
the strings of your piano are tuned to the proper pitch equals energy 
sufficient to raise 12 tons I fi. from the ground? If it has ever been 
your misfortune to be present when the string-frame of a piano was 
fractured, the above statement will require no confirmation. A thun- 
derbolt scarcely makes a greater uproar, an earthquake causes little 
more destruction. The writer happened to ke playing on one occasion 
with what, in his conceit, he imagined to be great effect. He felt he 
was being admired by the men and worshipped by the women, when, 
as he brought his fingers down for a magnificent finale, he instantly 
found himself upon the floor with the piano stool on his stomach, 
while the piano itself presented a wreck of keys, lids, mechanism, and 
serpent-like wires. Struggling to his feet, dazed, his stuttering ques- 
tions as to what in the name ofall the gods and demons had happened 
were answered by a finger pointing to the ruins,of what had once been 
a very fine parlour square.”’ Pee 

The Musical Courier, of New York, writing on the subject of low- 
grade pianos, points out the folly of lowering prices in pianos. It 
argues that the vogue of the cheap piano cannot last, and thata 
reaction is bound to set in. Then those firms that have resolutely held 
on to their prices, refusing to be influenced by the temporary triumphs 
of the low-grade piano, will ‘stand forth, not only as evidence of 
what can be done by legitimate mercantile methods, but as the 
saviours of the character and tone of the trade.’’ Manufacturers 
should show the dealers that they respect their products too much to 
consent to their impoverishment and vulgarisation to meet a transient 
condition, For the condition must be a transitory one when the 
character of the low-grade piano is in itself transitory. ‘ Let the 
dealers,” it continues, ‘‘go ahead and buy the stuff; they must of 
necessity stop. There is nothing lasting, nothing per- 
manent in the nature of those pianos. Soon the dealer will discover 
this, and then we shall have the return wave. That is as sure as death 
—just as sure as death, is the death of the low-grade piano.” 

= 


= 
A new automatic piano will soon be on the market. It works on - 

an entirely different system to that employed in the present automatic 
instruments, seeing thatit works by means of wind, on the principle of 
an organ. It is the invention of Mr. E. H. White, of Meriden, Conn., 
one of the ablest inventors in the trade, and has been pronounced a 
success by many piano manufacturers who haveseen it. It is operated 
by means of the regular foot pedals, as ona reed organ, which force the 
air through a tracker (similar in every way to the tracker in an organ), 
which sucks in the air and pushes a small pneumatic, and so throws 
pins against the keys. It is also possible to operate it by 
means of a motor. The box which holds the apparatus is attached to 
the bottom of the key-board to the right, and is only about 15 in. long. 
The front of the box has a slanting mirror so arranged as to enable the 
player to watch the marks on the music roll, and regulate the music 
accordingly. The loud and soft effects are brought out by means of . 
two small levers arranged to slightly protrude from under the key- 
board, and which are worked by a slight pressure of the fingers. On 
the right hand key-board block is a lever to regulate the speed, and a 
rod to the left of the apparatus regulates the quantity of wind. 





A SuIt AGAINST THE SEWING MacuINne Company.— 
In a suit filed in the High Court of Bombay by the 
New Home Sewing Machine Company of America 
through their constituted attorney, Mr. G. A. Kittredje, 
against the Sewing Machine Company, Limited, of 
Bombay, the Honourable Mr. Justice Candy has passed 
an ex parle decree against the defendants for Rs.10,123, 
with interest and costs.—Bembay Gazette, April 1st, 1895. 











BEAR THIS IN MIND! 


W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs. Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly finished sewing machines, so 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 hours’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use, 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval.—W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, 8,E.—Apyz, 





ye ee 





SS Oe SS ae 


Consens | to 





Raat ah POR. Te TN RSI ie ils 


24 _The Journal of Domestic Appliances. May I, 1895; 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouss-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON APPLICATION, AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


PPD PDPLD IIL LD IDLO I III LI I IS 


THE BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD., 
49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, EC. 


HARROP’S 








Greatest hel in ms a 


Patent 
Combination 


BABY or Home 
should be 
HARRIE without one. 


WAL CART. 





LISTS SUPPLIED 
ON 


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(Patent No. 16,502.) 





Le 


as TI B STREET (off OLDHAM STREET) 


WEANCHESTER. 























W. FOSTER & CO, 


46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 


The verges! Makers in the World of Peramb uvlaior Fittings. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 





May 1, 1898 





TH E 


“HOUSEHOLD” CLOTHES WRINGER, 


“T SSOOSS SHOPS SSHO SHS SS SOOS SSF SOOSOO4S 
i} 


SPECIAL FEATURES. 


The “ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for the 
Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-fide Hire- 
Purchase Dealers. 

The “ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very best 
materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on the Hire 
System, 

The Rollers of the ““ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering of 
Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vuleanised on the shaft and , 
cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The “‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

nGonsienine the quality of the materials used, the ‘HOUSEHOLD ” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


Fa a OS a ee 


This Machine is now fitted with BRASS BEARINGS 
without extra charge. 


QUALITY AND FINISH UNEQUALLED. 


ee 








Coe ee ee ee | 


A few SOLE AGENTS required in Districts where not represented. Full 
particulars on application. 


AMERICAN WRINGER CO., 


122, Southwark Street, LONDON, SE. 


, PRAM TYRES. GENUINE AMERICAN 


|\ LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 
We have a large Stock of TYRES 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and ‘| 
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For all kinds of Garments, with special 


Send size of wheels when ordering. automatic attachments, 
BIERNATZKI & CO., 


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4 oz. Bottles tits 24s. Od. per gross 
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Works: 43, Upner Brook St.. Mauchester. ‘ 





NOTICE THESE CHEAP LINES OF 


wWwRiIN GER Ss. 
“STAR,” Iron Frame, 10 in., 8s. 6d.; 11 
cmelOsys 12-insalilismod: 


Champion, Iron Frame, 12 in., 11s. 6d. ; 








The latest idea in tyres is to weave aluminium threads into the 





14 in., 14s.; 16 in., 16s. cover. “ih 
Royal, Wood Frame, 10 TWD 9g, 6d. 5 12 iii, We learn with pleasure that Bredbury: cycles have already this 
: 195. Gar } season gained many successes on poe 
. : The latest move among antennae agents is to insure their cus- 
London Agents for TAYLOR & WILSON’S tomers’ cycles against accidents, theft, and fire. 
Celebrated MANGLES. ~~ 


The White Machine Company are yery busy this season with the 
‘““Wincycle,” which is a first-class cycle at a moderate price. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER C0 The Kingsland Manufacturing Company have found trade very 
y brisk the last few weeks. Speaking from personal experience, we can 


honestly recommend their cycles, although they are offered at extra- 


122; SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, Sih: ordinarily low prices, 














26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Accidents through flaws in steel cycle tubes will, it is said, soon bea 
thing of the past. An inventor has constructed an electrical apparatus 
which will detect the flaw. 3 

* 

The Cyclist warns dealers who put together cycles not to purchase 
their fittings from a number of makers as these vary in size, and often 
produce unsatisfactory machines. They should trade with one firm 
only, says our contemporary. 

so 
* 

As many of our readers know to their pecuniary advantage, Mr. H. 
S. Roberts, of Stony Stratford, has for several years past taken over 
instalment contracts, and relieved his customers of all risk or responsi- 
bility whilst paying them a good commission ‘‘on the nail.” 

x * 


* 

Another cycle at a popular price is the ‘‘ Sprite,” and the manufac- 
turers are this year making special terms with dealers who want to do 
an instalment trade without locking up their own capital. The dealer 
is paid immediately on the acceptance of the order a commission of 124 
per cent. on the list price: 

* * 
= 

The St. George’s Cycle Company, of Upper Street, N., inform us 
that they have a few trade lists left, which they will send free to oa- 
fide cycle ayents. As we have before stated, this list is one of the 
most complete and best illustrated in the trade. We cannot find that 
a single part or saleable accessory has been omitted, all the entries 
being admirably indexed for easy reference. The prices are given at 
the end of the book, so that a dealer can show the illustrations to his 
customer. 

es 

Our excellent contemporary, Ironmongery, is giving a series of 
articles on cycle repairs, which are well worthy of study by our 
readers. 

The most common form of accident to which a cycle is liable, says 
the author, is in connection with the cranks and pedals being bent, 
twisted, or knocked out of shape, as these and the handle-bar are the 
first to suffer when a machine falls violently to the ground. The 
cranks and pedals, however, can in nine cases out of ten be put right by 
means of a lever, and without having resort to heat. If it is found, 
however, that the bend or twist is of such acharacter that it is thought 
inadvisable to straighten it with a lever, it should be heated, and for 
this purpose gas is best. In the case of the Southard crank (which is a 
right and left hand crank twisted whilst cold, and which can easily be 
discerned owing to the name being stamped on it) no heat must be used, 
or the resulc will be that the metal will right itself and the crank will 
then be perfectly useless. Care should be taken, when bending cold, 
that a support is used under the boss of the crank, so as to avoid 
splitting the kardened cones of the bottom bracket or even the bracket 
itse'f. : 

Yo restore a handle-bar to its proper shape, it should be heated toa 
dull red, and then pulled gently—and not violently or suddenly or a 
kink will appear—into position by the hand, the eye being used very 
carefully so as to get the two ends (handles) in their proper places. If 
this is carefully done and the handle-bar heated in the gas with a 
Bunsen burner, or, better still, with a gas blow-pipe, it will in no wise 
spoil the nickel-plating, as the blue marks left can be easily removed 
with a little plate polish. 

Forks are frequently brought in bent at the crown. These should be 
heated in the same manner as the handle-bar, but in this case the 
enamel suffers. This can be easily remedied by a coat of enamel of the 
same colour, which is usually kept in stock in most ironmongers’ stores. 
Should, however, the crown tube, or neck—which is a continua- 
tion of the fork inside the head socket—be bent, it can be straightened 
in the same way, but in this case a “liner ’’ should be inserted in addi- 
tion, even if one is already there, as this part of the machine has to 
bear the chief strain, and the heating takes much of the strength out 
of the metal. Although this is not always absolutely necessary, it is a 
great safeguard against future accidents, and may save riders from 
serious injury. 

Should a broken fork be brought in it would be the best plan to put 
an entirely new side in, but if this is not kept in stock a piece of tube 
could be riveted and brazed in. 

This would make a very good temporary repair. Another method 
of doing this would be to make a collar over the fracture with a piece 
of tubing, which should also be riveted and brazed on the fork. The 
former method is best, and makes a much neater job, but in either case 
the repair is only temporary, and a new side should be put in as soon 
as possible. 

A bent or twisted frame cannot always be put right, and this is one 
of those jobs that are best left alone by all except the makers. Where 
it is attempted, however, the main thing to be looked after is to get 
the chain line in truth, even if this means sacrificing the true running 
of the wheels. The best way to do this is to use a straight-edge on the 
bottom sprocket, or chain wheel, and bend the back forks until the 
two chain wheels are dead in line. The frame should not be bent 
while the wheel is in, the wheel beiog put on and off for the tests. 

Care must be taken in heating the back forks to put the spindle of 
the back wheel in its place, or otherwise it will be found tnat they 
will open out and cause much additional trouble, which can be thus 
avoided. In bending the back forks by heat in order to straighten 
the frame, the hardening of the fork—especially on the chain side— 
by plunging it in cold water’ must never be forgotten if the metal is 
soft. This is essential ; and if itis not, the work is always beneficial. 

Screws or spokes droXez t7 are not difficult to deal with when one 
knows how. It is not advisable to use the drill more than can be 
helped, as this destroys the thread and injures the machine. In the 
case of a spoke this would mean that a fresh thread would have to be 
tapped, and a larger gauge spoke inserted. When the screw or the 
spoke is broken off and a bit protrudes, it may be possible to unscrew 
them by means of a pair of pincers or nippers. Where, however, there 
is not sufficient to get a hold with these, it may still be possible to cut 
a small slot with a saw, which will enable a screwdriver to be used. 
While it frequently happens that where the screw or spoke is broken 
off in the hole itself, a smart tap on a very sharp screwdriver will give 
enough purchase to unscrew the broken fragment. 























The following list has been compzled expressly for this Journal by 


Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 


Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT 
5,239. E. J. Coombe, for improvements in sewing machine 
needles. 
5,378 <A. B. Breslaw, for improvements in, or relating to, chil- 
dren's mail-carts. 
5,708. S. H. Baines, for improvements in brakes for perambulators, 
mail-carts, bassinettes, and like vehicles. 


5,830. B. Lee for improvements in, or connected with, sewing 
machines. : ‘A ‘ 
6,026. F.R. Otto and W. H. Viertel, for an improved festooning 


and hemming, or edging attachment for sewing machines. 

6,415. C. B. Hunt, for improvements in sewing machines. 

6,636. T. Boyter, for an improved braiding and weaving machine. 

6,748. J. Bigelow, for improvements in, aad relating to, eyeless 
threaders for sewing machines. 

7,102. C. Thompson, for improvements connected with the shafts 
of children’s mall-carts. 

7,130. C. Bevans and J. Hallam, for improvements in needles 
appertaining to circular knitting machines. : ; 

7,455. L. E. Blackwell, for improvements in sewing machines. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 

6,382. Go Carts or Mazl Carts. J. M. Wilson, of Heaton Chapel, 
Lancs. Dated March 3oth, 1894. 

In order that the cart may occupy relatively little space, when not 
required for use, the shafts are hinged at about their centre so that 
they can be folded back. 

6,785. Circular Knitting Machine. T. G. L. Miller and F. T. 
Pinson, of Southwark Street, London. Dated April 5th, 1894. 

Relates to certain improvements in circular knitting machines such 
as constructing the machine bed with tongue. groove or flange, to give 
rigidity to the bed and forming machine knitting needles with a solid 
butt and stem stamped in one piece: 

7,118. Sewing Machine Needles. J. M. Farmer and T. J. 
Ferguson, and G. J. Riemer, all of Milwaukee, U.S.A. Dated April 
Toth, 1894. 

The nears is provided with an eye near its point and a threading 
slot communicating with the eye formed by a cut, the cut being in a 
plane oblique to the longitudinal axis of the needle and diagonal to 
the axis. 

8,437. Sewiny Machines. D. Nielson, J. Brodie, R. Neilson, and 
A. Nielson, all of Glasgow. Dated April 28th, 1894. 

The object is to enable a series of ‘ tucks,” or hems, to be sewn at 
one operation, such as on aprons, pinafores, skirts, &c., for which pur- 
pose a number of sewing machines or operating needles are mounted 
in parallel lines and simultaneously operated by suitable gearing. _ 

21,322. Sewing Machines. W. P. Thompson, a communication 
from C. A. Hill, of Worcester, Mass., U.S.A. Dated November 6th, 
1894. 

Rete to sewing machines provided with two needles and two 
shuttles for the purpose of simultaneously forming two independent 
seams or rows Of stitches, the object being to provide means whereby 
one of the needles may be thrown out of operation without stopping 
the machine, or without interfering with the operation of the needle 
still at work, ; the needle thus thrown out is also capable of being 
restored to operative position without stopping the machine or inter- 
fering with the operation of the other needle. 

UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IssUED AND DATED MARCH 5TH, 1895. : 

535,181. V. Witte, London, England. Feeding mechanism for 
sewing machines. ; : 

535,220. A. Sedmihradsky, Milwaukee, Wis. 
mechanism for knitting machines. 

IssuED AND DATED MARCH 12TH, 1895. 

535,392. A. McMichael and F. B. Wildman, Norristown, Pa. 
Tension take-up device for knitting machines. ; 

535,461. F. C. Rehm, Detroit, Mich. Looping attachment for 
circular knitting machines. Re ; ; 

535,046. G. F. Waldron and G. W. Powers, Boston, Mass. Sewing 
machine. 


Thickening thread 


535,705. A. Lee, Nottingham, England. Knitting machines. 
IssurD AND DATED MARCH, I9TH, 1895. : 
535,918. W.H. McLeod, Boston, Mass. Anti-friction needle guide 


for sewing machine. 
IssuED AND DateD MARCH 26rH, 1895. 
536,201. F.H. Gates, Ware, Mass. Circular spring beard needle 
knitting machine. 
IssUED AND DATED APRIL 2ND, 1895. 
536,616. E. J. Franck, Philadelphia, Pa. Automatic circular 
knitting machine. : ‘ FA 
530,056. HH. C. Rightmire, Philadelphia, Pa. 
raveler for machines for sewing looped fabrics. 
530,743. E. Tiffany, Bennington, Vt. 
machine. RES * ei) : 
530,744. E. Tiffany. Circular rib knitting machine. 
530,847. J. Bigelow, Minneapolis, Minn. Threading device for 
sewing machines. : : te 
536,891. M. H. Pearson, Leicester, England. Sewing machine. 
530,946. L. L. Barber, Boston, Mass. Sewing machine for 
attaching loops to fabrics. 
IssUED AND DATED APRIL 9TH, 1895. 
537,002. C.A. Bonney, Brockton, Mass. Seam-marker. 
537,003. C. Nicholson, New York, N.Y. Jan attachment for 


sewing machines. 


Trimmer and 


Circular rib knitting ; 


JuNE 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 11 


SPECIAL LINES IN Send a Post Card for our 


PERAMBULATORS ee Toa 


















List. ae 








Good Value 
i AIL ( ARTS Guaranteed. 
of every London A gent — 
description Mr. GEO, PEARCE, 
ane 39, Holborn 
quality, 
to Viaduct, 
suit E.C 
all weak 
Trades. " 
¥ 


e& THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR C0., Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAM. 


TELEGRAMs—* ROTHSCHILD, BIRMINGHAM.” 











Write for Our Illustrated Catalogue 
PRINTED IN NINE COLOURS 
—a Work of Art. 


tl ll ll el el 


The Parent PNEUMATIC 


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From 40!- each, 


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BORO, STIBBE’S Sete 
LLOY D & CO ed LONDON, S.E. di as Knitter 


CANOPIES | CANO PIES | CANOPIES | For Seamless Stockings, Socks, Gloves, and 


For Perambulators or Mail Carts. every uind of Hosiery, RIBBED or PLAIN. 
ti REALLY SIMPLE, ABSOLUTELY SURE, 


in virtue of numerous Patented Improvements 
which can be had on no other Machine. 


G. STIBBE, 25 Jamaica St., Glasgow, 



















































































































[IN 


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ty 
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LLOYD & CO. respect- 
fully call your attention to 
their Price List of Canopies 
for Prams and Cars. 


Besides those usual styles ewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


in Striped, White, and RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 
Cream Hollands, they have 


jntroduced Srx SPECIAL S 
DESIGNS (all protected), 
and called 














INGER (family and medium), 2s., Wheeler & Wilson, 
4S. per gross, per post.—-Cux & Co,, Eagle Works, Alcester. 

















‘ SEWING MACHINE BELTING AND OILS.— 
THE *DUCHESSE” If you want the Best Belting or the Best Oil apply to the Best 


Firm for Cheapness and Quality in the Trade—J. Searle & Co., 4o, 
CANOPY, Trafalgar Street, Walworth. 





The sides being beautifull B ‘ ; 
eee GMALL DOMESTIC MACHINERY and Bassinette 
and artistically trimmed eas cues aera ah ; : : 

o : Business for disposal cheap ; suit energetic man with small capital ; 
by Aplique and Embroid- splendid position for cash and terms, trade also good, repairing trade 
ery, which, jeing lined | can be done.-- Apply, C. Davis, 59, Buttersland Street, Pitfield Street, 
Sateen (various colours), | Hoxton, 


have a very pretty effect. 








(See page 32 for other advertisements.) 

















12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JUNE 1, 1895. 





THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 18. per quarter, post free. which includes 
& free copy of the Hire Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—2s. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified bythe twenty-fifth of eas month. i 

Contributicns.—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for if so arranged: Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening of new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertisements.—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 

In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher,” or 
“ Editor,” at the address given below. 

Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application. 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 

Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Lecal Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a// our readers do likewise ? 

SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 

28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 

London, E.C. 





We are much troubled in this country by 
the ‘selling off” trick, whichis worked 
for all it is worth by itinerant traders. 
. In Canada, however, they are trying to 
put a stop to the practice by means of an Act of Parlia- 
ment. By that Act persons entering a town and taking 
premises temporarily for the purpose of “selling off ” 


“Selling Off” 
Concerns. 


alleged bankrupts’ stock have to pay a fee of £50. Nor 
is the provision confined to avowed trading of this kind, 
or it might be successfully dodged. Any person beginning 
business without having resided in the town for the 
previous three months is liable for the fee. 





It has been known throughout the trade for 
some time past that King’s Universal Supply, 
of Railway Approach, London Bridge, had 
entered an action against the Singer Manu- 
facturing Company, claiming £7,000 damages for the 
defendants’ servants having systematically caused the 
plaintiffs’ customers to break their contracts. The case 
came before Mr. Justice Mathew for hearing on May 
zoth, and the plaintiffs’ evidence lasted the whole of 
that. day. The defendants’ case took most of 
the next day to unfold, and on May 23rd 
the counsel in the action made their closing speeches. 
_Judgment was delivered on Tuesday last, and, as will be 
seen elsewhere, it was in favour of the plaintiffs. A stay 
of execution was granted with the view to an appeal. At 
the time of writing it is not decided whether or not the 
case will be taken to a higher Court. We therefore 
refrain from comment. 

So lengthy was the evidence and the speeches of 
counsel, that were we to give a verbatim report of the 
proceedings it would take up about 60 pages of the 
Gazette. It is obviously impossible, therefore, for us to 
give a complete report. We had a rather full note taken, 
but this would run into some 20 pages, and, since it is 
not verbatim, might be called in question as favouring 
one side or the other. We really have only two courses 
open to us, viz., either to give a verbatim report or to 
take a report from the daily papers. We had hoped to 
have been able to use the 7zies report, but no report has 
yet appeared inthat paper. We have thus to fall back 
on the Morning Advertiser, to whom we acknowledge our 
indebtedness. 

We might add that there were engaged in the trial the 
following counsel :—For the plaintiff, Mr. Jelf, O.C., Mr. 
Isaacs, and Mr. Groser, instructed by Mr. H. E. Tudor ; 
and for the defendant, Mr. Finlay, O.C., Mr. Byrne, O.C.., 
and Mr. Russell, instructed by Mr. G. D. Wansbrough. 
There were two other defendants, Mr. G. Whitty and 
Mr. W. J. Matthews, late in Singer’s employ, and these 
were represented by Mr, Bullen, instructed by Mr. 
Crawshaw. 


King 
v. 


Singer. 

















SS Sa2a25E_—_—s_ 7 - 


HINTS TO SEWING MACHINE AGENTS 
AND DEALERS. 


BY ONE OF THEMSELVES. 


How to Give a LEsson oN A WHEELER & WILSON 
No. 9. 

In the first place, if your customer does not know how 
to treadle a machine, unthread the needle, take out the 
spool and spool-holder, and raise the presser-foot, then, 
in the simplest possible manner, show how to treadle. 
When she has learned how to treadle the machine fairly 
well (do not thread the machine up yet), put two thick- 
nesses of material in the machine and lower the presser- 
foot. Then, as she further improves, gradually increase 
the number of thicknesses of material ; insist on her fre- 
quently stopping and restarting the machine till she has 
mastered the treadling. 

Now show her how to thread the machine up at the 
top, and to place the spool in the spool-holder. With 
regard to putting the spool in the spool-holder correctly, 
you can scarcely use too many illustrations in making it 
quite clear how the spool should revolve in the spool- 
holder. Place the spool in the spool-holder so that the 
cotton when drawn out causes the spool to revolve from 
you. Make that part of your instructions clear py point- 
ing out that the spool must revolve the same way as the 
hands move on the clock face (she will always remember 
that illustration), or turn the balance wheel of machine 
slowly from you. Draw her attention to ~ the 
rotating hook and explain that the point of the 
hook always moves towards you. Then show that the 
spool must always be so placed in the spool-holder that 
the spool will move in the opposite direction to the 
rotating hook when the balance wheel of machine is 
turned from you. 

SETTING THE NEEDLE.—Set the needle with its long 
groove towards the right, turn the machine head over, 
draw out the left hand slide, and show how the loop is 
being formed as the rotating hook approaches the 
needle. ‘Turn the short groove of needle slightly from 
you, and let her see that that alteration causes the 
loop to lean towards the hook. Now turn the short 
groove of needle slightly towards you and show that 
that alteration causes the loop to Jean from the hook. 
Explain that whether using cotton, silk, or thread, the 
needle must be so set that the loop is thrown straight 
out. She will then clearly understand how to set the 
needle so that the machine is least liable to slip stitches. 

NEEDLEs, CoTTON, AND TrENsions.—Do not forget to 
point out the importance of choosing a suitable size 
needle and cotton for the material to be sewn. Draw 
her attention to information given in the Instruction 
Book on this point. For general sewing recommend a 
No. 5 needle and 50 or 40 cotton. The finer the needle 
and cotton used the more beautiful the stitching will be. 
If a too coarse needle is used it will be apt to cut the 
material and slip stitches. If the needle makes a larger 
puncture in the material than the cotton can possibly 
fill up, the stitching is not only not so strong, but is also 
more unsightly. If the needle is too fine for the cotton, 
it is also liable to slip stitches and break the top cotton. 
If the needle is too fine for the cotton it does not make a 
hole sufficiently large for the lock to be drawn easily into 
the centre of the goods, therefore the tension must be 
tightened, which puts an unnecessary amount of. strain 
on the cotton, the material, and the machine. There is 
little or no difficulty in making perfect stitching with 
comparatively light tensions when suitable needles and 
cotton are used. When the tensions are too tight, the 
elasticity of the cotton is taken out of it before it enters 
the materiai, consequently the stitching in that case is 
more liable to crack. To makethe stitching almost as 
elastic as the material, put a little more pressure on 
presser-foot, then place your material under the foot, and, 
at the same time as you are guiding the work, put a fair 
amount of restraint on it, and in that way you keep the 
material stretched while thestitches are being formed, thus 
making the stitching almost as elastic as the material. 


Sune 1, 1896. 


When making tucks or stitching on trimmings, ex- 
plain the advantage of making a larger stitch than usual 
and slacking the top tension, by so doing the machine 
work can be drawn out much easier and quicker than 
even handwork. Put ona good-sized stitch and show 
which is the top and which is the bottom cotton. Also 
carefully explain how, when using two different coloured 
cottons, the tension can be so adjusted that only the 
cotton that is used to match the material can be seen 
on the outer part of the garment. This is very im- 
portant. 

Do not run the machine after you have reached the 
end of aseam, &c., nor with presser-foot down, except 
when sewing, as it scratches to the foot and blunts the 
feed. 

OILING AND CLEANING THE Macuine.—Advise the 
use of only good oil, and point out all the places that 
require oiling. It is important that the oil holes, 
rotating hook, spool-holder, and spools should be kept 
clean. It is desirable that the face-plate should occa- 
sionally be taken off so that the needle bar “link” can 
be oiled. The throat-plate should frequently be taken 
off and the feed points cleaned. Explain that the bevelled 
part of plate should be put into its place first. 

GENERAL REMARKs.—Several of the hints given 
apply to Jones’ and Bradbury’s on No. 9 principle, and 
other kinds of machines. The remarks on the “ spool 
and spool-holder” also apply to the Nos. 6, 7, 8, and 10 
machines. I have found several people 
who were prejudiced against W. & W. 
machines because the stitching was not 
satisfactory, and the reason was they did 
not know that there was a right way 
and a wrong one for the spool to revolve. 
When pointing out the importance of 
keeping the material stretched while the 
stitches were being formed, I have been 
rather surprised to hear even first-class 
dressmakers say, ‘‘I never thought of 
that.” We too frequently make the 
mistake of crediting other people with 
knowing almost as much as we do our- 
selves, which is not, or certainly ought 
not to be, true. The more pains you 
take to make the above hints clear to 
your customer the more she will be de- 
lighted with the wondrous power and 
adaptability of the machine, and will - 
have pleasure in recommending it and 
you to her neighbours and friends. 
The object of the machinist should be 


and Sewing Machine Gazette I$ 


NASCH’S BOOK-SEWING MACHINE. 


During the past five years we have several times 
referred to the exertions of Mr. Isidor Nasch in respect of 
a machine for sewing books. Last month we had the 
Opportunity of examining several of these machines, 
factory-made and ready for immediate use by the trade, 
at the address of Nasch’s Patent ,Book-Sewing Machine 
Co. 16, Barbican, E.C. From this it will be rightly 
inferred that the invention is at last complete, and that 
a company exists to manufacture and supply the machines 
to the bookbinding trade. 

_ Mr. Nasch is well-known to a large portion of the sew- 
ing machine trade as one of its many inventors, 
and for close on a quarter of a century he has been a 
sewing machine manufacturer and dealer in the East 
End of London. Few of our readers, however, are 
aware that he is the son of a bookbinder, and that as far 
back as the early fifties, when quite a lad, he came to 
the conclusion, on seeing a “ Thomas ” sewing machine, 
that hand-sewing must inevitably give way to machine- 
sewing not only in respect of textile fabrics, but also as 
tegards bookbinding. At this time young Isidor was 
pursuing his 
trade as a book- 
binder in Ger- 
many, and, as 
showingthe 







































to produce the most perfect work with 




















the least possible strain alike on the 




















cotton, the material, and the machine, 





and your object should be to teach her 
























































all you know that will help her to 




















realise that object. A. CROMACK. 








THE F,. AND R. MACHINES. 


We are informed by Messrs. Mayer & Adolph, of 22, 
Paper Street, E.C., that they are now able to supply 
Frister & Rossmann’s sewing machines, and at prices 
which show a great reduction on the prices hitherto 
charged. 

This news comes somewhat as a surprise, as we had 
supposed that Frister & Rossmann’s had a ‘sole agent” 
for this country, and we believe as a matter of fact that 
there has been a conflict over the matter, but that the 
“sole agent ’’ is unable to interfere with Messrs. Mayer 

Adolph’s arrangements. 

Such of our readers as desire to fight the drapers with 
their own weapons have now an opportunity of doing so, 
and we specially recommend them to support Messrs. 
Mayer & Adolph, as this firm have determined wherever 
possible to only supply legitimate sewing machine 
dealers. Further, their prices are much below those of 
the other agents. 


SS — 





In our last issue we announced the opening of a new 
wholesale depot for sewing and washing machines of 
German origin at 215, Old Street, E.C., under the 
style of the Finsbury Machine Company. The shop has 
since been closed, and even the landlord has no know- 
ledge what has become of his late tenants. 


~ 
{ 


Son an i 




















miserable pay then common in the trade, we might 
here state that from one shilling to one shilling and 
sixpence per day was all that a male bookbinder was 
then able to earn. ‘‘ This isnot good enough for me,” 
said the ambitious Isidor, and he accordingly came to 
this country in 1854—where several of his relatives 
had preceded him—intent on improving his position 


mm life. Hor the sake of) brevity we wall 
ignore the intervening years, and pass on to 
1870, when, having thoroughly studied mechanics, 


theoretical and practical, he settled down in London as a 
sewing machine manufacturer and dealer. He then turned 
his attention to improvements in sewing machines for the 
textile trade, especially as regards buttonholes, but his 
pet idea, formed when a mere boy, was this: Can I 
construct a machine which will produce book-sewing 
exactly like that done by hand? The problem was by no 
means simple. At this time, 1871, there did not exist a 
single book-sewing machine, and practical mechanics in 
the sewing machine trade will admit on examining a 
hand-sewn book that its production by machinery means a 
stupendous amount of inventive skill. In his spare time for 
many years Mr. Nasch was always engaged on his pet idea, 
but other mechanics also were becoming alive to the fact 
that a book-sewing machine was required. The result has 
been the introduction of two such machines, one of Ger- 
man and the other of American origin. The inventors, 
however, appear to have considered the absolute duplica- 
tion of hand-sewing as impossible, or is it that they were 


















14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





not acquainted with the peculiarities of the book trade? 
We leave the answer to others ; suffice it to say that in 
1891, when Mr. Nasch applied for provisional protection 


for a book-sewing machine, which had been the dream of 


his life for thirty years, there did not exist a single satis- 
factory invention of this character, and, so far as we 
know, the void has not since been filled up. 

Now, Mr. Nasch started his experiments with certain 
fixed notions, and among them he placed in the first 
rank the absolute necessity of producing a result exactly 
like hand-sewing, as he was convinced that no other 
kind of sewing was satisfactory. We can bear testimony 
to having seen in his workshop during the past eight or 
nine years a large number of machines which he from 
time to time condemned because they fell short of his 
requirements. Ultimately, however, he succeeded to his 
complete satisfaction, and, we are pleased to state, to the 
satisfaction of scores of bookbinders who have inspected 
and tested the ‘‘ Nasch”” machine. We are thus able to 
announce that the absolute duplication of hand book- 
sewing by machinery is at last an accomplished fact, and 
to add that the world owes the whole credit toa London 
sewing machine manufacturer. 

We have left ourselves very little space to refer to the 
details of the ‘‘Nasch”’ machine. Our illustration will 
eonvey a general idea of its characteristics. 
seen that a series of straight ordinary sewing machine 
needles are posed at a slight angle each on a separate 
bar, and they are raised or lowered by cam-action. There 
is also used a series of crochet hooks, which riot only rise 
and fall, but are also given circular motion. 

The method of working is for the operator to take a 
folded section, or ‘‘signature’’ as it is called in the trade, 
place it over the feeder, and start the machine by de- 
pressing the pedal. This causes the feeder to carry the 
“ signature’? under the needles. The needles then 
descend, and the loopers, which travel horizontally 
beneath the needles, engage with the thread and hold it 
until the crochet hooks descend and take up the thread 
from off the loopers. The ‘‘ signature” is now sewn, and 
passes to the rear of the needles, where it awaits the next 
“signature,” to which it is connected by the thread, 
also by the tape, cord, or muslin, which is sewn 
on the back of the ‘signatures simultaneously. From 
the illustration it will be seen that there are numbers of 
large reels at the top of the machine, and it is around 
these that the tape, cord, or muslin is wound. 

On the left side of the machine is a lever which brings 
about a most ingenious change in the work. In some 
cases it is desired to sew the signatures ‘‘full,’’ and in 
others “ alternate,” or, to be more explicit, in order that 
the book shall be reduced in thickness, the sheets or 
“sionatures ” are sewn alternately in different places. No 
machine has hitherto been constructed to do alternate 
sewing, but the “ Nasch ” accomplishes this as completely 
as handwork, the change from one style of sewing to 
another being effected by simply touching the lever before 
mentioned. 

On timing this machine, we find that a single girl can 
produce on it the work of ten girls sewing by hand. It 
can be easily varied to sew sheets ranging from 4% inches 
to 16 inches, and there is absolutely no limit to the thick- 
ness of the book. It works with muslin in a perfect 
manner, and the cutting ofa stitch in one section does 
not loosen the other signatures. No cutting whatever of 
the paper is required, and the length of stitch can be varied 
to any degree. 

We have examined a large number of books, ranging 
from tissue paper to vellum, sewn on the ‘ Nasch,” and 
we must saf that they all opened flat, and, at the same 
time, with a good spring, and the sewing could really not 
be distinguished from handwork. 

Mr. Nasch has assuredly solved the book-sewing 
problem,.and we can well understand the anxiety of the 
bookbinders to obtain the use of his machines, which will 
beyond doubt be a source of considerable profit to both 
inventor and user. 


WANTED, INFORMATION ;e any sewing 
machine (past or present) with toothed feed, ring driyen 
with pinion on same shaft, a rachet wheel actuated by 
lever and pawl. Will any employe of Old Howe Com- 
pany communicate with ‘ Ratchet,” care of the Sewing 
Machine Gazette, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. ? ‘ 


Tt will be. 





JUNF 1, 1895. 


ACTION AGAINST A MACHINE IMPORTER. 

On May 8th, in the Queen’s Bench Division of the 
High Court of Justice, before Mr. Justice Charles and a 
common jury, the case of Stoewer v. Wilson was disposed 
of. Mr. W. B. Hextall, instructed by Mr. H. E. Tudor, 
appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. E. B. Calvert, instructed 
by Mr. F.C. Sydney, appeared for the defendant. 

In his opening remarks, Mr. Hextall said that the 
plaintiff, Bernhard Stoewer, was a manufacturer of sewing 
machines, carrying on business at Stettin, Germany, and 
the defendant, John Wilson, was an importer of sewing 
machines, trading asthe National Sewing Machine Com- 
pany at 34, Fetter Lane, London, E.C. ‘The parties had 
done business together for nearly eight years, and in that 
time defendant had purchased from the plaintiff a large 
number of sewing machines, mostly through the plaintiff's 
traveller, George Peth. These machines had been paid 
for by acceptances, and the acceptances related to the 
goods as they were delivered. In September, 1893, the 
plaintiff had just completed a contract for delivering 300 
machines when the defendant ordered another fifty 
machines by letter, dated September 23rd, 1893, and 
these were delivered and paid for bya bill for £89 in 
January, 1894. The present action was in respect of an 
acceptance for £129 17s. 1d., dueon May 15th, 1894, 
which bill had been protested, also for the price of goods 
sold and delivered in April, 1894, to the value of £116 Is., 
which, with notarial charges £1 17s., madea total of 
£247 15s. 1d., which is the amount endorsed on the 
writ. The order for the machines for which the bill 
was accepted was given verbally to Mr. Peth, who entered 
the order in his pocket-book at the time. The second 
lot of gcods, to the value of £116 1s., was ordered by 
letter, dated February 24th, 1894, and the plaintiff 
agreed to deliver the goods by about the roth of April 
of the same year. These goods were delivered on the ist, 
3rd, and 7th of May in three lots, and signed for by the 
defendant. On April 16th defendant wrote to plaintiff to 
the effect that he was waiting for machines, and the 
plaintiff replied on May 7th that the machines were 
despatched on April 18th. On May 14th defendant wrote 
plaintiff to the effect that he would not meet the bill due 
on the 18th of that month, as he claimed compensation 
for breach cf contract, meaning the non-supply of 
machines promptly, and he said that he had nothing to 
sel! to his customers. Defendant added that he had stored 
the plaintiff's machines and had charged nothing for same, 
To this plaintiff replied that he was sorry for the delay, 
and that the acceptance must be met. Further letters 
were written by plaintiff, and on June 22nd defendant, 
the bill having been protested, wrote refusing to send a 
cheque for the bill until he had an understanding as to 
the damages he claimed. Plaintiff then wrote defen- 
dant that the delay was only one of a month, and not 
three months as had been stated, and that he (plaintiff) 
was willing to afford some compensation and requesting 
to know the amount the defendant required. Defendant 
replied that the matter had better stand over until Mr. 
Peth came to England in September. Subsequently the 
present action was brought. 

For the defence it was contended that the plaintiff had 
not supplied the machines within a reasonable time, and 
this had put the defendant to considerable expense. 
Further, that the plaintiff had agreed to make an allow- 
ance for storage, and in proof of this both Mr. Wilson and 
Mr. Carpenter, of the Thomas Sewing Machine Company, 
were Called to speak to a promise made by Mr. Peth in 
October last. 

Mr. Peth was then called to depose that he had never 
promised any specific sum for storage, also that his firm 
had always been willing to make a reasonable allowance 
for the delay. 

His Lordship then summed up to the jury, and said 
that the plaintiff was clearly entitled to recover the 
amount claimed, £247 15s. 1d., but there was the 
counter-claim, and that was, curiously enough, so made 
up as te cover the whole of the plaintiff's claim. It 
included the following: loss on the non-delivery of 
fifteen machines to the Thomas Sewing Machine Com- 
pany, £4 2s. 6d.; ditto in respect of nine machines, 
£2 9s.6d. The Thomas Company, it was said by the 
defendant, had gone elsewhere for their machines, 
whereby the defendant, by losing their custom, had 
incurred a loss of £50 a year. Defendant also claimed 


JUNE 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 





£4 2s. 6d. in respect of another customer, Sutcliffe & 
Co., of Rochdale, whose orders he could not execute 
because of the absence of machines. In the case of a 
third firm, Staples & Co., of Mirabelli Road, Walham 
Green, the defendant claimed to have lost £3 6s. 
through the non-delivery of twelve hand machines. 

The defendants claim was as follows:—£56 I2s. in 
respect ofthe Thomas Company ; £45 4s. 6d. in respect of 
Sutcliffe & Co.; £3 6s. in respect of Staples & Co., and 
£56 5s. for various retail customers, or a total of 
£161 7s. 6d. He further claimed £148 1s. for storage, 
making a total of £309 8s. 6d. 

His Lordship said that the defendant was not entitled 
to any prospective profit, but the jury might consider 
him entitled to some allowance in respect of specific loss 
through the delay in delivering the machines, also in 
connection with his storage claim, although it had not 
been proven that any agreement to pay for storage 
existed between the parties. 

After a few minutes discussion among themselves, the 
jury found for the plaintiff for the whole amount claimed, 
£247 15s. ; and for the defendant on the counter-claim to 
the extent of £25. 

Judgment accordingly, with costs to each party. 








ADVERTISING IN CEYLON. 

We extract the following advertisements from the 
Ceylon Independent, to show our readers that even in our 
Indian colony the sewing machine trade is not carried 
on without a deal of unnecessary friction between its 
members :— 


BEWARE OF INFERIOR GERMAN SEWING 


MACHINES, 
offered as ‘‘Singer,” ‘Improved Singer,” &c. They 
are all imitations. A German newspaper, Lizd’s 
Nahmaschinen Techniker, recently published, says 


that :—“In order to dispose of their goods, German 
sewing machine makers Must imitate the machines of 
the Singer Manufacturing Company.” Avoid deception 
by seeing that the Company’s trade name “‘ Singer ’’ is 
upon thearm of the machine. Singer’s sewing machines 
are those manufactured by the Singer Manufacturing 
Company, No. 95, Main Street, Colombo. 





SEWING MACHINES! 


The undersigned begs to thank his numerous cus- 
tomers, and to announce that the business, which their 
kind patronage enabled him to carry on so successfully, 
has been taken over by the Sewing Machines Company, 
Limited, to whom all correspondence should in future be 
addressed. 

The undersigned, who remains managing director of 
the new company, also takes this opportunity of warning 
the public against the wilful and persistent misrepre- 
sentations of the Singer Manufacturing Company, whose 
myrmidon from India, the imitation Englishman, once 
again true to his salt, is now engaged in the very 
honourable and congenial work of calling upon tailors 
and shoemakers, who have preferentially purchased 
Naumann’s machines, in order to vilify this maker and 
to glorify the manufacture of the company which 
employs him. I have no doubt, however, that all my 
customers will be as discerning as Mr. S. Silva, who 
having experience of both makers and at present using 
Naumann’s in supercession to Singer’s bid the door- 
hawker save his breath to cool his cunjee. ‘ 

RUSTOMJI N. RUSTOMJI. 


CEYLON GOVERNMENT SEIZURE OF 
SEWING MACAINGES. 

In the Legislative Council of Ceylon, on April gth, the 
following took place :— 

The Hon. Mr. Mitchell gave notice of his intention to 
inquire the circumstances under which a recent seizure 
of sewing machines was made, and to move for the neces- 
sary papers. 

The Principal Collector replied that as he had been 
given private notice of this intention he would answer 
the hon. member at once. The sewing machines in 
question were seized by the officers of Customs under that 
provision of the law which enabled them to seize articles 
not entered at the wholesale market value. In arriving 
at the wholesale market value it was customary now, as it 








had been in the same department for the last twenty-five 
years, to adopt as the basis of valuation the invoice pre- 
sented by the importer. That was always scrutinised, 
and if it bore a reasonable relation to the wholesale 
market value of the article, even if it was 10 per cent. 
below the market value, they had been in the habit of 
passing it, inasmuch as they considered it was not the 
duty of the Customs to act in such a manner as to 
Tepress trade, but encourage it. In this case the invoice ~ 
presented. was not what they called an honest 
invoice. The invoice value was Rs. 2,880, whereas the 
goods were valued by subordinate’ officers of the 
Customs at Rs. 5,500. He (the Principal Collector) had 
had interviews with the legal representatives of the 
importers, who had endeavoured to convince him that 
these persons were acting honestly, but he was able to 
show these legal gentlemen that on three previous 
occasions the same importers had entered goods at 
considerably below the wholesale market value. In 
December, 1889, their goods were found to be 32 per 
cent. below value ; in April, 1890, their goods were again 
taken over because of their being 70 per cent. below 
value, and in January, 1895, since he had been acting in 
his present capacity, another seizure was made, but after 
considerable solicitation he (Mr. Lee) allowed them to 
pass, but warned the importers that the next time they 
offended they would have no mercy shown them. This 
time there was a considerable difference between the 
invoice price and the market value. The goods were 
seized and were put up to auction last Saturday. He 
was sure when he told them the result the honourable 
Council wouli consider the action of the Customs’ 
officers fully justified. These goods, which were valued 
by the impcrters at Rs. 2,880, but by the Customs 
officials at Rs. 5,500, actually fetched Rs. 5,800. 
(Laughter.) .He thought that was a sufficient answer to 
the hon. member. 





THE SEWING MACHINES COMPANY OF 
INDIA. 


The above company appears to have got into diffi- 
culties judging from the following notice :— 


IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY. 
ORDINARY ORIGINAL CIVIL JURISDICTION. 

In the Matter of the Indian Companies Act VI. of 1882 and in 
the Matter of the SEWING MACHINES COMPANY, 
LIMITED, in Liquidation. 

FRAMJEE NOW ROJEEiiccsscccccsresoss eee Petitioner. 
NOTICE is hereby given that a PETITION for the winding-up of 
the above-named Company by the High Court of Judicature at 
Bombay was, on the 16th instant, PRESENTED by the above-named 
Petitioner, a Creditor and Contributory of the said Company, and the 
said Petition is directed to be heard before one of the Judges of the 
said Court on THURSDAY, the 13th day of June, 1895, and every 
creditor and contributory of the said Company desirous to oppose the 
making of an order for the winding-up of the Company under the 
above Act should appear at the time of hearing by himself or his 
Counsel for that purpose, and a copy of the Petition will be furnished 
to any creditor or contributory of the said Company requiring the 
same by the Undersigned on payment of the regulated charge for the 
same, 
Dated this 18th day of April. 
ARDESIR, HORMUSJEE, & DINSHAW, 
Solicitors for the Petitioner. 


The following is a copy of the Petition :— 


To Str CHARLES SARGENT, Knight, Chief Justice, and other the 
Judges of this Honourable Court. 
The humble Petition of FRAMYEE NowrojEE, the above-named 
Petitioner, 
Humbly showeth— 
1. That the above-named Company was registered in Bombay in 
the month of February, 1893, having its registered office in the City 
of Bombay, at No. 5, Church Gate Street, within the Fort of Bombay, 





‘and branch offices at Poona, Secunderabad, and Colombo. 


2. That the capital of the Company was intended to be Rs. 50,000, 
divided into one thousand shares of Rs. 50 each. Of these, only 380 
shares have been taken up and fully paid. 

3. That the objects for which the Company is established, as 
described in the Memorandum of Association of the said Company, 
are <— 

(a) To acquire and take over as a going concern the property, 
business, and goodwill of the Sewing Machines Company, 
Limited (a company bearing the same name as that of the 
present Company, but intended to be shortly dissolved), and 
to undertake all the debts, liabilities and engagements of such 
Company, and with a view thereto to enter into certain agree- 
ments in the terms of the draft agreement referred to in 
Parts I. and II. respectively of the Schedule to the Articles 
of Association which accompany the said Memorandum of 
Association, and to carry the same into effect with or without 
modifications. ‘ 

(6) To carry on in any part or parts of India (British or Foreign), 
including Ceylon or elsewhere, all or any of the business 





16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


following, namely, to manufacture, import, let out on hire, 
repair, sell, exchange, or otherwise deal in sewing machines, 
bicycles, tricycles, velocipedes, perambulators, and other 
cycles and machines, and all accessories thereto, including 
needles, sewing cotton, silk thread, lace, and other requisite 
articles, materials, tools, implements, and things, as also 
clocks, timepieces, watches, musical boxes, toys, curios and 
every description of goods and articles in glass, china, porce- 
lain, earth, clay, wocd, leather, indiarubber, guttapercha, 
ivory, mother of pearls, cane, lacquer, worked steel, iron and 
other metals, or in the manufacture of which any of the said 
materials may be used. 

(c) To import, buy, sell, or otherwise deal in all or any of these 
said machines, goods, articles, and things as commissioned 
agents. 

(@) To carry on any other business which may seem to the 
Company capable of being advantageously carried on in aid 
of the above business or any of them. 

(e) To apply for purchase or otherwise acquire any patents, 
licences, concessions and the like, conferring any exclusive or 
non-exclusive or limited right to use, or any secret or «ther 
information as to any invention which may seem capable of 
being used for any of the purposes of the Company, or the 
acquisition of which may seem calculated directly or indirectly 
to benefit the Company, and to use, exercise, develop, or grant 
licences in respect of or otherwise turn to account the pro- 
perty, rights, or information so: acquired. 

(f) To acquire for the purposes of the Company by purchase, 
lease, exchange, or otherwise, any land, building, or 
machinery. 

(g) To sell, improve, manage, develop, exchange, lease, mortgage, 
dispose of, turn to account, or otherwise deal with all or any 
part of the property and rights of the Company. 

(2) To borrow or raise money by promissory notes, bills of ex- 
change, bonds, debentures, and other negotiable or 
transferable instruments, or in such other manner as may be 
thought expedient. 

4. The said Company is irdebted to your petitioner in the sum of 
about Rs. 4,750 for moneys lent and advanced by him to the said 
Company. Your petitioner holds no security for the said debts. 

5. The said Company is also indebted to your petitioner in a sum of 
Rs. 1,050 for moneys lent and advanced. Your petitioner, however, 
holds security to the extent of about Rs. 1,000 in the shape of certain 
sewing machines and parts of such machines. 

6. Your petitioner is the registered holder of twenty fully paid-up 
shares in the said Company, which have been held by him and 
registered in his name for a period exceeding six months, viz., from 
February 13th, 1893, to the present time. 

7.. That the liabilities of the Company amount to about Rs. 40,000 to 
Rs. 41,000, and the assets are not sufficient to pay the creditors 8 annas 
in the rupee, and the assets, which consist principally of sewing machines 
and outstandings, if put to a forced sale, will not realise half 
their real value. 

8. The New Home Sewing Machine Company being creditors 
of the above-named Company to the extent of about Rs. 10,000, made 
a demand last year, and served the Company with a written notice at 
its registered office, requiring the Company to pay the said sum. The 
Company being unable to pay the amount due, the said New Home Sewing 
Machine Company thereupon filed a suit, being suit No. 11 of 1895 on 
the original side of this Honourable Court, against the said Company on 
or about January 12th last, torecover Rs. 10,123, and the said Company 
did not appear in the said suit, and suffered a decree to be passed 
for the amount claimed on or about March 25th last. The said 
New Home Sewing Machine Ccmpany is about to execute the said 
decree forthwith. 

9. The said Company is insolvent and is unable to pay this debt, and 
it is just and equitable that it should be wound up by this Honourable 
Court. Your petitioner therefore humbly prays as follows: 

(2) That the Sewing Machine Company, Limited, may be wound 
up by this Court under the provisions of the Indian 
Companies’ Acts of 1882 and 1887, and that a provisional 
official liquidator may be forthwith appointed, and that for 
such purpose all necessary and proper directions may be 
given. 

(2) That further proceedings in any suit or proceedings, and 
particularly in the said suit No. 11 of 1895 against the said 
Company, may be restrained, 

(c) That such further and other relief may be granted as the nature 
of the case may require. 

And your petitioner will ever pray. 
(Sd.) ARDESIR, HORMUSJEE, & DINSHAW, 
Petitioner’s Attorneys. 
(Sd.) FRAMJEE NOWROJEE. 

I, FRaMJEE NowRojer, the petitioner above named, do swear that 
such of the statements in the petition as relate to my own acts and 
deeds are true, and such of the statements as relate to the acts and 
deeds of any other person or persons I believe to be true. 

Sworn at Bombay afore- 
said, this 16th day of j (Sd.) FRAMJEE NowrojEE. 
April, 1895. 
Before me, 
(Sd.) L. N. BANAJEF, Commissioner. 





(CHEAPEST HOUSE for Sewing Machines, Washing 

and Wringing Machines, Bicycles, Tricycles, Watches, Jewellery, 
Musical Boxes, Pianos, &c. Cash or hire system ; exceptionally easy 
terms.—W. Lapthorne & Co., 479, Gloucester Road, Horfield, Bristol. 





VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 


represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 


Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Ald 
London EC anys ed, 24, ersgate Street, 


JUNE 1, 1895, 






MR. ROTHWELL PROSECUTED, 


Our readers will remember that for several months past we have 
been reporting an inquiry in connection with the bankruptcy of Mr. 
William Rothwell, formerly managing director of the Rothwell 
Hosiery Company, also trading as a sewing and knitting machine 
dealer in Bolton. On May 6th the case took another shape, Mr. 
Rothwell being brought up at the Bolton Police Court, and he and Mr. 
William Entwistle, whoup to about a couple of years ago was general 
manager for the company named, were charged under nineteen 
indictments with falsifying balance-sheets, stock-sheets, prospectuses, 
&c., and with conspiracy to commit such offences ; the sums involved 
amounting to many thousands of pounds. The prosecution was under- 
taken by the liquidators of the Rothwell Hosiery Company, for whom 
Mr. Sutton, barrister, appeared; Dr. Pankhurst representing Mr 
Rothwell. Mr. Russell, on behalf of Mr. Entwistle, who is now 
engaged at the New Bridge Mills, Burnl2y, at once applied for an 
adjournment of the hearing against his client, as he had had no time 
to prepare the defence. 

Mr. Pankhurst said his client, Mr. Rothwell, had had very short 
notice of the summonses, and was entirely in the dark as to the 
ground upon which they were based; nor had they had the oppor— 
tunity of access to the books. Still, as he (Dr. Pankhurst) was satis- 
fied that there was a good and sufficient answer to the summonses, he 
did not ask for any delay. His client was anxious that the matter 
should proceed without delay. 

Mr. Sutton said the prosecution would not throw any difficulties in 
the way of the defence preparing what they thought might be material 
in order to meet the case. The prosecution said there had been mis- 
representation as to the real state of the company’s affairs. 

After some discussion, the hearing of the action was adjourned 
until May 16th. 

Mr. Sutton then said there would be another case of considerable 
length in relation to another company with which Mr. Rothwell had 
been connected, and it would be convenient if these summonses could 
be so made returnable as to be brought forward on the same date as 
the previous cases. 

Dr. Pankhurst said this matter was entirely new to him, and he did 
not think his friend was right in mentioning it then. He would, how- 
ever, suggest that it should be taken on the same day. 

This course was agreed to, and the case stands adjourned as 
arranged. : 

There are nine charges against Mr. William Rothwell and a similar 
number against Mr. Entwistle. They include the following :—Making 
false stock-sheets, making false balance-sheets, ma‘ ing false entries in 
private ledger, making and circulating false prospectuses, and circula- 
ting and publishing false balance-sheets. Jointly they are charged in 
nine summonses with the same offences and with conspiring to commit 
the said offences. 








ACTION AGAINST MACHINE AGENT. 

At the Lambeth County Court, on Friday, May 23rd, before his 
Honour Judge Emden, the White Sewing Machine Company, of 48, 
Holborn Viaduct, E.C., sued Mr. Alfred Parr, of 130, Loughborough 
Road, S.W., sewing machine agent, to recover the balance of £64 
14s. I1d., due for goods, sold and delivered, and for money collected 
by defendant while collector for the plaintiff company.—Mr. C. 
Carver, instructed by Mr. H. E. Tudor, appeared for the plaintiffs, the 
defendant being represented by Mr. Powell, instructed by Mr. A. H. 
Williams. 

This action had been remitted from the High Court to the Lambeth 
County Court by an order of Master Wilberforce, who had, on 
proceedings being taken under Order XIV., allowed the plaintiffs to 
sign judgment for the sum of £25, part of the sum claimed, and on a 
further application sent the action to the County Court for trial. 

On the action being entered in the County Court, the defendant had 
counterclaimed for a sum of £57, alleging that under the agreement 
on which he acted as collector he was entitled to 25 per cent. com- 
mission on all orders. The plaintiffs, however, alleged that he worked 
under a written agreement, which had never been abrogated, under 
which he was only to take 25 per cent. commission on orders so long 
as they were good. 

On the hearing, counsel for both parties suggested that it was a suit- 
able one for reference, if his Honour would first decide the points in 
dispute, and on which the reference would be taken. To this his 
Honour assented, in a hearing which lasted some two hours, and after 
Mr. George Sawyer, general manager of the plaintiff company, and 
Mr. Williams, a clerk in their employ, and the defendant had given 
evidence, and a considerable number of the plaintiffs’ books had been 
examined, his Honour said he was satisfied that the agreement put 
in by plaintiffs was the one that had always been acted on. 
On two subsidiary points he also found in favour of the company, and 
sent the m&tter to the learned Registrar for an account to be taken at a 
fit time to be arranged, allowing the plaintiffs to amend their claim by 
an addition of £9 17s. 





BEAR THIS IN MIND! 

W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs, Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly finished sewing niachines, so 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 hours’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use. 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval.—W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, 8.H.—Apvr. 





June 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 17 
—$—$—$—_—_—_—__—_————— SK 


YOU CAN’T AFFORD 


to recommend or supply your Customers inferior goods of any 
description. A lasting and profitable business can only be built 
up with the best goods that never disappoint purchasers. A 
Sewing Machine that is built on honour, if properly cared for, 
should last a lifetime and be a standing advertisement tor the 


VERTICAL FEED §) THE 
SEWING MACHINE, | KIND 


Proyed by the highest standing in the trade for 
30 years. The only Sewing Machine that feeds ¥ TH AT 
the work while the needle is through the goods, Sine : f : : 
preventing all puckering or gathering, and pro- ¢ @ high standard of excellence in quality of material 
ducing a strong, handsome and elastic seam with- . fe AYS 5 and workmanship that has always been a feature 
out basting—an impossibility on any other % 8 | of our product. It has no superior among under- 
machine made, our own underfeed not excepted. 
















DA a te ee Oe in en) 


ADVANCE 


SILENT RUNNING 


SEWING MACHINE, 


Positively the lightest and quietest shuttle 


PEOOEHOOSOOOOOD 
SOSCSOCOSSCOSOOVOY 











SOSSSCOHSHOOSOOOOD 
SHSSSSHSSSSOOOCSOSOOOSD 


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We offer exceptional advantages to responsible dealers 
who desire to establish the reputation of handling reliable 
goods and build up a permanently profitabie trade. 


VERTICAL FEED SEWING MACHINE CO., 


24, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C, 
Manufactory and Head Office DAYTON, OHIO, U.S.A. 








NOTICE TO THE TRADE. 


I beg to notify my appointment as 
General Manager for Europe and the 
British Colonies for the 


WILLIAMS’ MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY, 


Of Montreal and Plattsburg, U.S.A. 


A Stock of the “ NEW WILLIAMS’” 
SEWING MACHINES and Parts 
kept on hand. 


R.J.JOHNS, 44, FARRINGDON ST., LONDON, E.C. 






























































The Bamboo Cycle Company have just opened a show- 
room on Holborn Viaduct. 


Mr. S. Owens, the W. &* W. Dublin agent, is 
prosecuting his late collector, Joseph Hennessy, for 
embezzlement. 

The Bishop’s Cluster Company are now wholesale 
agents for a straw hat machine, which we illustrate on 
page 3 of our cover, 

Mr. G. E. Teale, secretary to the Bishop’s Cluster 
Company, has been elected an Associate of the Institute 
of Chartered Accountants, 


a 8 
® 


_A demand has set in for jointless rims, and so well 
liked are wood rims that they are painting steel to 
resemble wood in France. 


Mr. Geo. B. Hermode, dealer in furniture, perambu- 
lators, and mangles, has just removed from Market Street 
to Athol House, Peel, Isle of Man. 

The Italians are adopting the cycle at a greater rate 
than any other country. The firm of Prinetti and Co., 
sewing machine and cycle manufacturers, Milan, are 
largely responsible for the 18,900 safeties made in Italy 
last year. 


=e 
s 


The Williams Manufacturing Company have just 
arranged with Mr. R. J. Johns to act as their European 
and Colonial wholesale agent. They will carry a stock 
of machines and parts at 44, Farringdon Street, E.C., the 
new address of Mr. Johns. 


* * 


Our readers will please note that at the above address, 
44, Farringdon Street, E.C., both the Cherry Tree 
Machine Company and the Branston Sewing Machine 
Company have their offices, having removed there from 
Holborn Viaduct. 


* o® 
* 


Mr, H. Mitchell, for many years manager of the Singer 
Company’s Exeter district, has left, and has opened for 
himself at 30, St. Sidwell Street, Exeter. He has the 
sole Devonshire agency for the New Home Sewing 
Machine Company. 


* * 
x 


Mr, J, R. Redstone, for ten years with the Singer 
Manufacturing Company, during five of which he 
managed a reserve staff, travelling on wheels all through 
the counties of Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, and Cambridge, 
has now resigned his position, and will shortly open a 
shop in St. Matthews Street, Ipswich, for the sale of 
musical instruments, washing, wringing, and sewing 
machines, &c. 


= & 
s 


The old proprietors of the Triumph Cycle Company, 
Limited, are forming a new company with a capital of 
£45,000. The purchase money is £32,000, of which 
£17,000 is payable in cash, The Triumph Company 
have been in existence since 1890, and have earned an 
average profit of rr per cent. per annum. Mr. George 
Sawyer, of the White Sewing Machine Company, and 
eee. Bettmann and Schulte have seats on the new 

oard, 


a * 
. 
Messrs, Simmons & Co. write us as follows :— 


‘“‘“Here is a sample of letters we sometimes receive. 
Someone must be very reckless in despatching goods, 
or surely such letters would never be written.” 

The letter referred to reads :— 

“To Simmons & Co., 
3, 5, and 7, Tanner Street, 
Bermondsey. 

“Having highly recommended to me by a certain 

friend at Cape Coast that you are the best manufacturers 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


June 1, 1895. 






of every articles in the City of Bermondsey, and also 
wheel. 

And as my business compared to your market, I beg to 
write AT ONCE to open a business correspondence with 
you, and wishes that our correspondence will be a prosper- 
ous one between us in future. 

Will you be good enough to forward me by the first 
mail a case of samples which contains all various assort- 
ments. With compliment and best wishes, 

I remain, yours truly, 
Ricuarp E. Boson, Eso., 
General Merchant, 
15, 18, Big Town Street, 
Dixcove” : 
(Gold Coast, Africa). 








GIVING A CHARACTER. 


Every employer of clerks, assistants, servants, and the 
like has, at one time or another, to give or refuse a 
character, or a reference, which amounts to the same 
thing. It is not always very clearly understood by 
employes and servants generally that an employer, or a 
master or mistress, can always legally refuse to give any 
character or reference whatever. Yet that is most 
certainly the law, and it is sometimes acted upon, 
although, as arule, employers would not care to maintain 
their strict rights. But in giving a character or a refer- 
ence, there isno doubt that the occasion is privileged, so 
that any statements made by a master or mistress in so 
doing would not give a right of action, even if untrue, 
provided they were not made maliciously. These remarks 
arise naturally upon perusing the report of a recent case 
(Mortlock v. Poole & wife, Zzimes, 16th May), in which a 
domestic servant sued for damages for libel. The mistress 
had, in giving the plaintiff's character, stated that she was 
not truthful, honest, and clean, and had concluded by 
adding, ‘‘I fear the character she came here with was not 
a genuine one.” As a matter of fact, the plaintiff obtained 
the situation in regard to which this character was given, 
so that she was not damaged thereby. It is not necessary 
to go into the evidence, but thedefendant explained that 
by the last words she did not mean to charge the plaintiff 
with coming to her under a false character, but simply 
that the character she came with was incorrect, and she 
had not kept up to it in practice. 

The jury found a verdict for the plaintiff, with 
damages one farthing, which was evidently the result of 
a compromise amongst themselves, and the Judge 
expressed his opinion of the case by depriving the plaintiff 
of her costs, so that each side paid its own. The Judge, 
in summing up, said the only question for the jury was 
whether the letter was written by the defendant in the 
bona-fide belief of its substantial truth. He also said that 
such actions encouraged employers to give characters 
which were not their real honest opinions, and so did 
much harm to other employers who might act upon 
them. Many masters and mistresses get out of the 
difficulty of giving a bad character by refusing to give 
any, unless they can truly give a good one. The case 
above quoted is not of itself important, except in so far as 
it shows that letters of this kind should be more carefully 
written, for assuredly the concluding statement, that the 
plaintiff’s previous character was not a genuine one, was 
open to the construction that it was false or fabricated, 
which would have’ been a serious charge, quite 
unsupported by the facts. Without this sentence no 
action could have been maintained, and, generally 
speaking, a character dona-yide, written or spoken, 
however bad, would not enable a servant to get damages, 
even if some of the statements turned out to be untrue, 
because of the privilege conferred by law upon such 
occasions. Were it not for this privilege no one would 


give a character at all by reason of the fear of being sued | 


for libel. Besides the legal point that the giving a 
character is not in any way compulsory upon masters 
and mistresses there is another matter that may be 
noted. Some servants think that they can oblige their 
employer to hand over upon their leaving any written 
character they may have received ; but presuming such a 
character to be addressed to the master, that is his 
property, and he can lawfully keep it —Kemp’s Mercantile 
Gazette. 


June 1, 1895. and Sewing fiachine Gazette. 


A REVOLUTIONARY MACHINE. 
Startling Reductions in Prices to Dealers J 


Lists in Preparation. Enquiries Invwited. 
OO OOOO GGS9HHHHHHHGHGHHHHHHHHHHHGHHHHHHSHHHHHHHHHHHH9HOSOOO 





Showing Bobbin in Position, REVOLVING SHUTTER BOX. Showing Bobbin Out. 


For Accessories and Attachments. 






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































The cepa for aueus Tae 


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POPOS OOOOH OOOOH OOO S OOFOEHOSOEHE SS OESSHOSHOSES OHO OHO OOS OD OOOSO OOO OOOHOOOODOOOOOOODS 
PA BIIEAIIA III AIA LS RPL EL LI Lat LL AE 


WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING Go., 


6 to 11, PAUL STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON, E.C. 











20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





THE FAILURE OF A PRAM WHEEL MAKER. 


A largely-attended meeting of creditors of George Littlewood, 
Ariel Wheel Works, Court Road, Balsall Heath, was held on the 
22nd ult., under the presidency of Mr. Luke J. Sharp, Official 
Receiver. —The statement of affairs showed the following liabilities: 
To unsecured creditors, £7,063 8s. 7d. ; creditors fully secured, 
£4,889 5s. 2d., with securities estimated to yield a surplus of 
£565 2s. 7d. ; partly secured creditors, £93 11s. 10d., estimated to 
rank for dividend to the amount of £47 15s, 2d.; liabilities on 
pills discounted expected to rank to the amount of £202 14s, 
Total unsecured, £7,313 17s. 9d. Assets: Stock-in-trade (cost 
£2,725 8s. 7d.), £2,000; trade fixtures, fittings, utensils, Xc., 
£250; furniture, £310; horses and vehicles, £50; office furniture, 
£55; wagons, £40; book debts—good £1,353 18s, 10d., doubtful 
estimated to produce £490 Os. 6d. ; surplus from securities in the 
hands of creditors fully secured £565 2s. 7d. ; total, £5,118 1s. 11d. 
Deduct ereditors for rent, rates, taxes, wages, We., £196 12s. 4d. ; 
left £4,921 9s. 7d., showing a deficieney of £2,392 8s. 2d.—The 
Official Receiver reported that the receiving order was granted on 
a creditor's petition, the act of bankruptey being that the debtor 
on April 4th, 1895, assigned his property to a trustee. Up to 
1880 the debtor was engaged as a journeyman perambulator 
smith. In that year he commenced business as a wheel manu- 
facturer at Essex Street, Birmingham. He had no eapital, and only 
started in a small way. His business increasing, he took larger 
premises in Court Road, Balsall Heath, in 1882. In 1884 he pur- 
chased the freehold property in Court Road for £700. The property 
consisted of shopping and six houses. He converted the houses 
into workshops, and, as the trade increased, he built new 
premises in 1890 and 1892 at a cost of £3,000. To enable 
him to do so he deposited the deeds with his bankers, who 
are now creditors for £4,614 5s. 2d., holding as security the deeds 
referred to, which are estimated at £5,100, The following are 
extracts from the balance-sheets appearing in the private ledger : 
November Ist, 1890—assets, £14,847 6s. 3d.; liabilities, 
£8,649 Is. 6d.; capital, £6,198 4s. 9d.; profit for the year, 
£3,206 18s. ld.; drawings, £383 18s. 1d. October 31st, 1891— 
assets, £16,763 13s. 9d.; liabilities, £9,845 18s. 6d.; capital, 
£6,918 Os. 3d.; profit for the year, £1,413 1s. 2d.; drawings, 
£693 13s. 8d. October 31st, 1892—assets, £17,741 17s. 9d. ; 
liabilities, £9,636 19s. 6d. ; capital, £8,104 18s. 3d. ; profit for the 
year, £1,708 19s. 7d. ; drawings, £522 1s. 7d. October 7th, 1893 
—assets, £21,532 2s. 3d.; liabilities, £13,149 8s. 1ld.; capital, 
£8,382 14s. 2d. ; profit for the year, £1,424 18s. 1ld.; drawings, 
L147, 3s. October 20th, 1894—assets, £19,587 1s. 10d.; 
liabilities, £11,530 lls. 8d.; capital, £8,056 10s. 2d. ; profit for 
the year, £267 15s, 3d., drawings, £593 19s. 3d. The debtor states 
that he never experienced any difficulty in his trading until about 
twelve months ago, when, in consequence of severe competition 
from one firm, he had to reduce his prices, and since then he has 
been trading at a loss. In October, 1893, the assets were valued 
with the idea of forming a company, but the negotiations fell 
through, On March 13th, 1895, in consequence of being unable 
to meet his acceptances, the debtor suspended payment, and 
several creditors immediately commenced proceedings. 

A private meeting of creditors was held on April 4th, 1895, 
and adjourned to April 10th, 1895. A committee was 
appointed, but on May 10th, 1895, the present proceedings 
were instituted, and the Official Receiver took possession under 
an interim receiving order. At the request of the committee he 
appointed Mr. W. E. Fowkes as special manager for the purpose 
of carrying on the business until the first meeting of creditors. 
In reply to questions as to the cause of the insolvency, the debtor 
states that his assets as a going concern exceed his liabilities, 
Sufficient books of account have been kept. The following is an 
extract from the deficiency account filed : Excess of assets over 
liabilities on the 17th April, 1894, £8,000; deficiency as per 
statement of affairs, £2,392 8s. 2d. ; total, £10,392 8s. 2d. The 
loss was accounted for as follows: Net loss arising from 
carrying on business from 17th day of April, 1894, to date of 
receiving order, after deducting from profits the usual trade ex- 
penses, £1,602 17s. 1ld. ; expenses incurred since the 17th day 
of April, 1894, other than usual trade expenses—viz., household 
expenses of self, wife, and seven children, £500; bad debts, 
£1,299 9s. 7d.; depreciation on machinery, £2,760 19s. 5d. ; 
depreciation on stock, £2,500; depreciation on buildings, 
£1,500; depreciation on horses, vehicles, office furniture, 
and wagons, £149 6s. 3d.; patents written off, £79 I5s. The 
debtor having proposed a scheme for the payment of a composi- 
tion of 12s. 6d. in the pound, the Official Receiver made a 
special report upon it, embodying valuations of the assets 
specially made. Taking the assets at what they will realise 
under a forced sale, the composition offered appeared to the 
Official Receiver fair and reasonable; but there was no doubt 
that as a going concern they were worth considerably more 
and that if the composition was accepted they would be worth all 
the money to the debtor for the purpose of carrying on his trade, 
The debtor proposed to secure 10s. per pound of the composition, 
A large majority of the creditors expressed themselves in favour 
of the acceptance of the composition, but one or two of ‘the 
largest creditors thought the amount should not be less than 15s,— 
Mr. Arthur Smith, the debtor’s solicitor, in addressing the 
meeting in support of the offer of composition as under the 
circumstances a fair and reasonable one, expressed the 
regret of the debtor that he had not been able to pay 20s 
in the pound, and also that the efforts to arrange TRS 
affairs by a deed of assignment had proved abortive. Agmwonld 


be within their knowledge that he invited all the larger 
creditors to meet the debtor, himself, and Mr. Fowkes 
in London, on April 4th, when a statement of affairs 


was presented which showed that from the debtor’s point of view 


JUNE 1, 1895. 








there was a very large surplus of assets over liabilities. The 
debtor expressed his great anxiety, which he believed the creditors 
would admit was sincere, to pay all his creditors in full, and after 
a discussion it was decided to adjourn the meeting until the 
following week. Six creditors representing at that time more 
than half the unsecured liabilities consented to act as a committee 
for the purpose of investigating the de}tor’s affairs and to report 
to the adjourned meeting in Birmingham, Upon their report a 
resolution was carried with one dissentient—namely, a gentleman 
representing Mr. Boucher, the petitioning ecrediti r—in favour of 
the business being carried on under supervision, with the view of 
paying 20s. in the pound. Much to his surprise and theirs, he 
learnt the same evening thatat the very hour of the meeting Mr. 
Boucher, who was represented at the meeting by Mr Poppleton, 
had put a petition on the file. He did not know how that 
struck them, but, whilst every creditor had an undoubted 
right to adopt his own course, the general body of creditors 
had no reason to thank an individual creditor for £90 who 
in that discourteous way put a petition on the file. In 
explanation of the course adopted, he thought it was only his 
duty to state what transpired at the first meeting in London. 
While the meeting was progressing Mr. Poppleton, leaning behind 
the chairman’s seat, asked him (the speaker) ‘‘ Will you give us 
£50 on account of this debt?” He (Mr. Smith) replied, ‘‘ Certainly 
not,” and received the rejoinder, ‘‘ If you will give us £50, I will 
help you; if you don’t, I shall oppose.” That might explain the 
subsequent action that was taken. On leaving the meeting Mr. 
Poppleton again asked Mr. Littlewood, who was waiting outside 
the room, whether he would give Mr. Boucher £50 on account of 
the debt, and, being refused, Mr. Poppleton said, ‘‘T shall make 
you sit up for it.” They now knew the circumstances under which 
the affair had been brought into the Bankruptey Court.—The 
Official Receiver said it was quite in order that this explanation 
should be given, as, in his opinion, it was one of those cases in 
which every effort should have been made before the matter was 
brought into the Bankruptey Court.—Mr. Poppleton said he would 
reply later.—Mr. Smith, proceeding, explained the shrinkages in 
the balance-sheet prepared for bankruptcy purposes and those laid 
before the private meetings, in which the estate was treated 
as a going concern, and urged that though 12s. 6d. in the 
pound was a breaking-up price, it was the utmost the debtor 
could pay, and quite as much as the estate could be expected 
to realise in view of the peculiar and _ special character 
of the business. The composition would be secured to 
the extent of 10s. by undoubted security.—Mr. Poppleton said 
that after what Mr. Smith had said it was only right that he 
should explain. One story was good until another was told, and 
if Mr. Smith had told them the whole story relating to Mr. 
Boucher’s case it would have borne a different complexion to that 
he iad sought to put upon it. On March 8th Mr. Boucher 
came to him and said Mr. Littlewood had had goods from him, 
and he wanted to obtain payment. He recommended Mr. 
Boucher to see Mr. Littlewood, and he did so, when the latter 
offered to give him a bill for £40. He (Mr. Poppleton) recom- 
mended him to return it, and then Mr. Littlewood came to see 
him, and asked him to wait until the trial of an action for an 
injunction at the then present assizes was settled, and he would 
pay the money or give £50 on account. Mr. Boucher waited, 
and then he (Mr, Poppleton) saw Mr. Smith, who said that if 
the debtor had promised £50 it would be paid.—Mr, Smith : 
You asked for £50, and [I said I would see about it.—Mr. 
Poppleton went on to say that at the private meeting in London 
he asked Mr. Smith whether he was going to pay Mr. Boucher 
the £50 he had promised him, and on his replying in the negative 
he said he could not agree to the private arrangement. He 
accordingly voted against the resolution when it was put.— 
Mr. Sharp asked what advantage it was to Mr. Poppleton’s 
client to file a  bankruptey  petition?—Mr. Poppleton : 
Only that Mr. Boucher had been promised both by 
Mr. Smith and Mr. Littlewood that if he would wait 
he would be paid the £50, and it was only on that assurance 
he waited. He was not paid, and he had a right to take his own 
course.—Mr, Smith said he did not dispute Mr. Boucher’s right, 
but it was a shabby thing all the same.—Mr. Sharp pointed out 
that at the time these conversations took place the debtor’s 
affairs were in his creditors’ hands, and how could Mr. Boucher 
expect to get a preference over the other creditors?—Mr. 
Poppleton said the accounts then showed asurplus of £5,000, and 
there could be no preference in Mr. Boucher asking for half his 
debt.—Mr. Smith: There was a preference because he would get 
his £50 before the other creditors.—Mr. Sharp said they were 
dealing with creditors for thousands of pounds, and Mr. Boucher’s 
debt was only £90. If he was to gain any advantage by 
bankruptey he had a perfect right to take his own course, but 
looking at the matter from a liberal and proper point of view, it 
seemed to him very improper for one creditor, becausc he could 
not get £50, to put the other creditors to anexpense of £200 or 
£300 in relation to the attempted private arrangement, under 
which possibly 20s. in the pound might have been paid.—A 
discussion followed upon the amount of the composition.—Mr, H. 
Pinsent, who represented Messrs. Boughton & Co., held out for 
15s. to be paid, but ultimately deferred to the majority of 
creditors, and in the end the offer of 12s. 6d. was unanimously 
accepted, the security to be satisfactory to a committee of four of 
thelargest creditors. Mr. Fowkes was appointed trustee to 
distribute the dividend. 


The following are the principal creditors :— £3. d. 
Andrews, J., Birmingham on tee 5 Sap 47 8 9 
Archer, A., Birmingham... ab 600 0 oo EP) ka 
Badland, E. W., Birmingham ... te 6b me 92 4 6 
Barlow, F., Birmingham Sa¢ se no aes 63 3 8 
Beaumont & Sons, Birmingham bs ee Lx Ney 04. i) 











JuNE 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 
eS ee ee ee 


GAUTIONI. 


Cit hbereas, a an action brought in the High 
Court of Justice (Chancery Division) by THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY against a firm who offered for sale 
Sewing Machines not made by THE SINGER MANUFAC- 
TURING COMPANY as “\mproved Singer Machines” and 
«________’g Improved Singer Machines,” Mr. Justice Romer 
gave judgment in favour of THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY and restrained the defendants from using the 


trade name “Singer” in any way calculated to deceive, 


Ani fulyerests rye sincer MANUFACTURING 


COMPANY have received from numerous dealers who have _ 
also wrongfully used their trade name “Singer” apologies 
and undertakings not to again use the name in a manner 
calculated to deceive, and have paid damages and 


costs, 


Datice is hereby given that THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY will proceed against all persons using 
their trade name “Singer” contrary to the said judgment 


of Mr. Justice Romer or otherwise wrongfully. 


GILBERT D. WANSBROUGH, 
39, Foster Lane, London, E.C. 
Solicitor to The Singer Manufacturing Company. 





55 fhe Journal of Domestic Appiiancés 


£3 £6 19Gb 

Bonser & Co., Birmingham ... on sh Sey ae LO Renee 
Boucher, H., Birmingham and 74 3 
Boughton, E. & Co., Birmingham 1,039 8 
Bower, E. & E., London " aa on .. 668 4 
Bullows, J., Walsall _... ie Af aa Bite 44 13 
Bunch, B. & Sons, Walsall ao oat es ahs 58 2 

0 


Cardwell, J. L. & Co., Manchester... ee elLOS 
Central Iron & Steel Co., Kidderminster hae 
Chantard & Co., London... 


= 
S 
o 
i=) 
=) 
WASADAGDHSOCACTCSIWMSCAS 


Cohen, R., & Co., London a aes eaLOOMLD: 

Crane, D., & Son., Birmingham... He bon oA 22 4 

Danks, H. & T., Netherton 96 a sie dor Fe SP 

Davis, Thomas, & Co., West Bromwich us oan) UGE) a) 

Deakin, Bros., Birmingham _... en mt ae 42 10 

Green & Co., Old Basford ee ee ae aa 59 11 

Great Bridge Iron Co., Tipton ... aa BH soo MA, 

Holloway, James, Birmingham 08 ot 006 15 16 

Humber Steam Shipping Co., Goole ... ds ‘is 31 5 2 
Des, William, Handsworth ... ae ie a 60 8 10 
Knight, T. H., Handsworth ay ais .. 400 0 0 
Kramrisch & Co., Liverpool 234 16 10 
Long, David, London i aa bop .. 634 17 10 
Mason, W., Birmingham on Et ih a 73.4 6 
McIntyre, J., Nottingham __... sel Sah an 27 18 0 
Midland Railway Co., Birmingham... aa ene ON OO 
Miller, T. R., & Co., Glasgow ... 124 10 7 
Morris, W., & Co., Birmingham a. an ae abs 7 
Patterson, A., & Co., Birmingham... a sit 1618 9 
Quadrant Cycle Co., Birmingham sult Hh one NO 7h 9} 
Rathbone, G., Birmingham __... ad es be 30 1 4 
Roberts & Co., Brierley Hill ... ih a eA 27 12 4 
Seott, G. H., & Co., Stockport ... ir 234 sae 32 17 7 
Smith & Forrest, Manchester... Bt phe Be 27:18 6 
Waite, J. & T., Birmingham ... ab e4 PS S4el3 18 
Walford, J. T., Birmingham ... ae ays ite 10 4 4 
Wells, G. H., Birmingham Aen os ai te i) Gs 2 
Wright & Co., Ltd. Birmingham ... ne Poet VeQe NAN 2 
FULLY SECURED CREDITORS ... ie oe ... 4,989 5 2 








Failures and Arrangements. 


JAMES THOMAS HALE, trading as J. T. Hale & 
Sons, domestic machinery dealer, &c., 24a, Park 
Place, Liverpool, 

A deed of arrangement, dated April 20th, was filed 
herein on April 27th. Unsecured liabilities, £377 


12s. 11d., estimated net assets, £261 12s. 7d. Among 
the principal creditors are the following :— 

Loe ‘Gh 
Entwisle & Kenyon, Accrington ... Bae oe tals 39 0 oO 
Whittaker Bros., Accrington Eas : ah ee 10 0 O 
Cherry Tree Machine Company, Limited, Blackburn 120 0 0 
Smith & Paget, Keighley ... ce coo 3 I2 0 0 


MARK HENRY ANDREWS, sewing machine agent, 
late farmer, Tattersall, Thorpe, late Boston and 
Frith Bank, Sibsey. 

A receiving order was granted in the above on May 
rrth, and the debtor adjudicated bankrupt. The first 
meeting will take place on the 13th inst. at the Official 
Receiver’s, Boston, at noon. The debtor will be examined 
at the Sessions House, Boston, on the same day, at 
1.30 p.m. 


JAMES E. SMITH, trading as Smith & Sons, mangle 
manufacturers, Royd Works, Beechcliffe, Keighley. 
A final dividend of 54d. is now being paid by the 
trustee, 8, Charles Street, Bradford. 


CHARLES JOHN GAY, house furnisher, cycle and 
pram. dealer, &c., 88, Cheesehill Street, The 
Market, Winchester. 

The first meeting of the creditors herein has been held 
at the offices of the Official Receiver, Southampton. The 
summary of the debtor’s statement of affairs showed gross 
liabilities amounting to £1,534 2s. 7d., which is made up 
as follows :— £1,365 2s. 7d. to unsecured creditors, 
£133 10s, to creditors fully secured, £35 ros. preference 
claims, of which is expected to rank £1,365 2s. 7d., and 
net assets £978 14s. 6d. ; deficiency, £386 8s. 1d. The 
bankrupt alleges as the causes of failure, ‘‘Bad trade 
illness of self and family, heavy rents, and want of 
capital.” It was resolved that no trustee be appointed 
but that the estate be left in the Official Receiver’s hands 
to realise ; that the following be appointed the Com- 
mittee of Inspection :—Mr. Victor Penson, 55, Hatton 
Garden ; Mr. Charles Webster, 26 and 28, Tabernacle 
Street, Finsbury Square; and Mr. George William 
Webb, 47, Curtain Road, London. That the allowance 
of £1 5s. per week to the debtor be confirmed and one 
more week be granted. That (2 2s. be allowed for a 
person to assist bankrupt in his statement of affairs. 


Junk 1, 1895. 


JOHN FALAHEE, sewing machine dealer, West Green 
Road, Tottenham. 

On the 23rd ult. there was held at the offices cf Mr. 
Ralph Raphael, in Moorgate Street, E.C.,a private meet- 
ing of the creditors of the above. Mr. Raphael said that 
a writ having been issued against Mr. Falahee, he had 
thought it desirable to call the creditors together and 
place before them a statement of affairs. The unsecured 
creditors debts amounted to £1,652 18s. 3d., rent and rates 
were £41 15S., making a total indebtedness of £1,694 
13s. 3d. The total assets were valued at £575, as follows : 
Stock, £200; fixtures, £20; book debts, £355. Thus 
there was only available for dividend about £530. It was 
decided to adjourn the meeting for a week, and in the 
meantime a committee of inspection was formed, consist- 
ing of Messrs. Poppleton, Francis, White Sewing Machine 
Company, G. Wilkins, and J. H. Craig. 











A BILL OF SALE upon fixtures, plant, trade, 
machinery, &c., to secure £72 11s. 9d., dated May 13th, 
was filed on the 16th ult, against Herbert Marriott and 
Vincent Watson, hosiery machine builders, both of 
91, Humberstone Gate, Leicester, in favour of Adolphus 
Barron. 

A DEED OF CONFIRMATION of absolute sale 
of March 26th, 1895, dated May 18th, was registered on 
the zoth ult. against George Humphrey, sewing machine 
engineer, High Town Road and Duke Street, Luton, in 
favour of Charles H. Luis. 


A COUNTY COURT JUDGMENT was on April 
5th registered against A. W: Wagg, perambulator dealer 
96, Camden Road, Tunbridge Wells, for the sum of 
£17 19s. 





= 


THE PEOPLE'S WASHER. 


Many dealers in mangles do not care to bother about 
washing machines, In the first place they are somewhat 
costly, and very few work satisfactorily. 

We have recently tested the ‘ People’s Washing 
Machine,” which is a patent appliance made by Ford, 






























































Galloway, & Co., of 10, Vyse Street, Birmingham, and we 
really feel that we can recommend dealers to stock it for 
sale. It retails at the low price of 4s., and takes up very 
little room ; further, being made of brass, it will last for 
ears. 
This machine will be clearly understood from our 
illustrations, but we might just add that the dirt is 

















removed much more readily than when the rubbing is 
done by the hand, and that it is not in the slightest degree 
injurious to the clothes. 

Agents are being appointed in all the principal towns, 
and our readers must therefore hurry up if they wish to 
sell this useful machine. 








JuNE 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 23 





HANDSOME CANOPIES. 


The season for canopies now having arrived, dealers 
should not omit to stock a few of the ‘‘ Duchesse,” made 
by Lloyd & Co., of the Boro’, London, S.E. On page 11 
will be found illustrations of these canopies, which 
Messrs. Lloyd were last month willing to send on ap- 
proval. We are now inforrned that the firm are com- 
pelled to withdraw this offer, as these goods have been 
so successful that samples are quite unnecessary. 

We can assure our readers that the ‘ Duchesse ” 
canopy is exceedingly pretty, and that the prices are very 
moderate. 








SINGER'S NEW DISTRICT OFFICES. 


The Singer Manufacturing Company will, during the present month, 
take full possession of both of their new premises, which have been 
allotted to two new departments, viz., the Southern Central Office and 
the Western Central Office. 

The Southern Central Office, which is under the management of Mr. 
J. Paton, takes in the whole of Kent and all the offices in London south 
of the Thames as far west as Wandsworth. We had an opportunity on 
Monday last of going over the premises which have been leased as head- 
quarters for this district. They are situated in Southwark Bridge Road 
at its junction with Marshalsea Road, and numbered 115 to 129, and, 
although not actually built for the purpose, are admirably adapted for 
the offices and warehouse of a sewing machine company. The building 
consists of four floors, and it has quite an imposing frontage, and has a 
back entrance for goods. 


The ground floor is intended as a storeroom for heads, and not less - 


than 2,000 machines can be accommodated on the shelves at one time 
without interfering with the mounting and despatch of machines to the 
various depots. Some idea can be formed of the size of this large room 
when we state that it measures 82 ft. by 45 ft., not counting several 
small rooms at one end. At the rear is another capacious room which 
is to be used asa warehouse for machine stands received through the 
back entrance, 

Mounting to the first floor we find it planned to accommodate 
thirty clerks,and with a large room at the rear for machine tables. 

The second floor is to be used as a warehouse for surplus stock, with 
one section of it given over to a store for parts and accessories. 

The third floor will be used as a repairing shop, with a separate 
department for the polishers. 

These premises when taken over by Singer’s were so admirably 
adapted for their business that comparatively few alterations are neces- 
sary to render them an ideal central office. 

The Western Central Office, under the management of Mr. Sang, is 
located at 50, Baker Street, W. The premises consist of four floors 
and a basement, but we defer until next month further details, as they 
are still in the builder’s hands. 








A NEW USE FOR ELECTRICITY. 


Mr. R. W. Hill, of Manchester, sends an amusing 
letter to a contemporary respecting an electrical means 
he has devised as a defence against thefts from the 
person. After relating by what means he was bereaved 
of a valuable personal ornament, Mr. Hill recounts the 
measures he has devised to meet any future contingencies 
of a like nature. ‘I rigged up,” said he, ‘‘a small con- 
tact for my scarf pin, bought a tiny electric bell, made a 
double pocket accumulator, and am now ready for any 
emergency. I may say I now carry about with mea 
whole electric museum. The source of electric energy 
is stored up in said accumulators, and I have made a 
contact with my watch. Thus if any attempt is made to 
extract it quietly the tell-tale indicates the fact at once. 
The third item of my equipment is a tiny incandescent 
lamp, concealed in a well-finished artificial waterproof 
flower pinned to my coat. The lamp is useful during a 
performance at a theatre, when the light in the house is 
usually lowered, and when I may desire to look at the 
programme, etc. Another piece of apparatus, invaluable 
to the inveterate smoker, consists ofa very fine platinum 
coil placed in a cavity made cf asbestos. By inclining 
the little glass tube, the mercury in the same closes the 
circuit of my pocket battery, and I can thus light my 
cigar, etc, regardless of the weather. The entire 
museum weighs about twenty-two ounces, and the only 
bother is the re-charging of the battery. The latest 
addition to my store is a hollow cane fitted with a tiny 
lamp, provided with a small silver reflector concealed in 
the knob. “The hollow cane is sealed at the bottom by a 
rubber stopper, and the exciting fluid is a mixture of 
chromic and hydrochloric acids. The cell consists of an 
amalgamated zinc rod and a strip of platinum foil. This 
type of battery was used for Tissandier’s ‘navigable ' 
balloon. By inclining the cane the lamp is, of course, 
fed by an electric current, and gives a good light. Any 


intelligent person can rig up my portative museum in a 
few hours.”’ 





A NEW CONVERTIBLE CART, 


We illustrate herewith the “ Raleigh” Car, which Mr 
John Harrop, of Tib Street, Manchester, has recently 
protected, It is convertible into three positions, and is at 





once a mail cart and a carriage. 
that already a good demand has set in for this car, and 
he expects it to be one of the most successful of his many 
inventions in children’s carriages. 


Mr. Harrop informs us 





KING'S v. SINGER, 


In the Queen’s Bench Division, on May 28th (Before Mr. Justice 
Mathew), the case of King’s Universal Supply Company v. Singer 
Manufacturing Company (Limited) and others was decided. 

His Lordship, in delivering judgment in this case, said it was an 
action brought by the plaintiffs against the defendants to recover 
damages for wrongful interference with their trade. The plaintiffs 
and the defendants were rival trading corporations, the former being an 


English company and the latter the well-known American 
company, incorporated in the United States, for the making 
and selling of sewing machines on the Singer principle. 
The plaintiffs alleged that they were being unfairly and 


improperly interfered with by the defendant company’s servants. They 
said that as soon as machines had been sold by their agents and 
delivered the customers were interviewed by the company’s servants, 
who unduly and unfairly depreciated and disparaged their (plaintiffs) 
machines, and described them as German trash. The customers were 
induced to return the plaintiff’s machines, and to take in lieu one of 
the company’s. He was quite satisfied that the plaintiffs had made 
out their case that their business had been unduly, improperly, 


and illegally interfered with, and that they had a cause 
of action. That being so, he had to consider the points 
raised by the defendant company’s counsel. In the first 


place it was said, assuming that the acts alleged against the company’s 
servants were true, they were not acts within the scope of the authority 
ofthe servants. He had not the least doubt that what was done was 
done within the scope of the authority of the company’s servants. 
Secondly, it was said that if these acts were within the scope of the 
servant's authority what the servants did was not done for the benefit 
of their employers. He was satisfied that the course of conduct 
pursued was systematic, and was not confined to the can- 
vassers, Who might earn commission, but was known to other 
and superior officers of the company. He should be wrong if he came 
to the conclusion in point of fact that what was done was not done for 
the company’s benefit as well as for the benefit of the servants. The 
second point, therefore, shared the fate of the first. In the third place, 
the company said that malice necessarily entered into the acts alleged 
against their servants, and that a corporation was incapable of malice. 
He negatived that view, and was of opinion that the plaintiffs were 
entitled to damages as against the company. There were 
two other defendants on the record, and he believed that what they 
did they did in the belief that they were performing their duty to their 
employers. The company were really responsibie to the plaintiffs, 
although he accepted the statement of their counsel that there was no 
intention on their part or of those responsible for the business of the 
company to be guilty of improper conduct. He awarded the plaintiffs 
4250 damages against the company and 4os. each against the other 
two defendants. 

Judgment accordingly with costs. Stay of execution pending an 
appeal was granted.—Morning Advertiser. 








Anyone receiving a free copy of this issue is respect{ully asked 
to take it as a courteous invitation to become aregular reader, eithey 
as a subscriber or by ordering the paper from his nearcst newsagent, 


making use of the proper form provided on another vage. 


24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances June 1, 1898. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 
TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 
Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 


AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON APPLICATION, AND INSPECTION INVITED 


THE BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD.. 
49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, E.C. 


HARROP’S 
DOUBLE RALEIGH CAR. 


Provisional Patent No. 14,203. 

The Most Improwed Combination in the Market. 
; - The demand 
for this 
Combination 
far exceeds 
any previous 
Sale. 


—__9—— 


All Dealers 
should handle 


oy 
CARRIAGE 









COMBINED. a [2 

































ACE — this. 
Convertible to Lists sent 
3 Positions. on 
= Application. 


55, TIB STREET (off OLDHAM STREET): 


WEAN CHESTER. 














W. FOSTER & CO., 


AN “BARR STREET, ERE ERVIVELIN' GHAIWE.. 


The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 





June 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. hee Si ae aie 





THE 


System. 





shape. 





CLOTHES WRINGER, 


PHSSPSSHSSOSOSHSHHHSHSHSOSOHOOOOSE 


SPECIAL FEATURES. 


The HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for the 
Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied to any but bona-jfide 
Purchase Dealers. 

The “‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very best 
materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on the Hire 


Hire- 


The Rollers of the ““ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering of 
Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft and 

~ cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 
The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 


Considering the quality of the materials used, the ‘HOUSEHOLD ” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


a ee ee ee ee 


This Machine is now fitted with BRASS BEARINGS 


without extra charge. 


QUALITY AND FINISH UNEQUALLED. 








A few SOLE AGENTS required in Districts where not represented. Full 
particulars on application. 


AMERICAN WRINGER CO., 


122, Southwark Street, LONDON, SE, 





PRAM TYRES. 


We have a large Stock of TYRES 
ready for delivery, in } in., 2in., and ?in. 
for Wheels 12 in. to26 in. Price 10d. Ib. 
28 Ib. lots at 9d. 


Send size of wheels when ordering. 


TYRE CEMENT, Extra Quality, 9d. Ib. 


OIL. 


4 oz. Bottles ee 24s. Od. per gross 





a On a aoe Sst Ode 
evozie: Ate OSs. Gdeae 





NOTICE THESE CHEAP LINES OF 
WwRiINGERS. 
“STAR,” Iron Frame, 10 in., 8s. 6d.; 11 
in., 10s.; 12 in., 11s. 6d. 
Champion, Iron Frame, 12 in., 11s. 6d. : 
14 in., 14s.; 16 in., 16s. 

Royal, Wood Frame, 10in., 9s. 6d. ; 12 in., 

12s. 6d. 





London Agents for TAYLOR & WILSON’S 
Celebrated MANGLES. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER (0., 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 








GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
G Glove Knitter in the Market. 









SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER, 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


44, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





SWIFT GOLD MEDAb 


TER 


KNITS Stockings ribbed or plain 


GLOVES and CLOTHING in 


WEW HARRISON 


WOOL, SILK, or COTTON. INSTRUG 

TIONS FREE. Lists d. per post. 
TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The only 
WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 
and Mother Honou-, HANRISON KNITTING MACHINE CO, 
Works- 48, Up er Brook St.. Mauchester. 











To tighten cork handles it is recommended melting alum and apply- 
ing it to the ends in contact with the tube. 
es * 
* 
It is said that a process for soldering aluminium has at last been dis- 
covered by a foreigner, whose patents will be worked by the British 
Aluminium Company. 


s * 

A new tricycle is attracting considerable attention in the States. The 
machine has one wheel in front and two behind, and is arranged so 
that two persons can ride the machine sitting side by side. Each 
rider has a set of pedals which work the rear wheels. The machine is 
geared up like a safety. 

* s 
* 

Last month the action brought by the North British Rubber 
Company against Messrs. Rothwell for infringement of the ‘‘ Clincher "’ 
patent was decided by compromise. The defendants have submitted 
to an injunction, and are to pay a sum by way of damages, but the 
amount has not transpired. 








26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


The Pneumatic Tyre Company have the past month sued several 
dealers for passing off as ‘‘ Dunlop’s”’ tyres not made by that company, 
and in every case have succeeded. It appears that several persons had 
gone to the defendants and had asked for a machine with ‘‘ Dunlop ” 
tyres, and were supplied with other makes. Our readers should be 
careful not to offend in this respect, as clearly the Pneumatic 
Company are on the war path. 


s 
* 


The Cyclist describes a new tyre repairing tool which is being introduced 
by the French firm of Messrs. Morel, of 24, Rue St. Joseph, Grenoble. The 
apparatus takes the form ofa circular band of steel, the ends overlapping, 
so that by means of a double-threaded screw and hand-wheel the 
diameter of the band may be decreased or increased as desired. The 
outer surface of the band is convex in shape, similar to the outer cover 
of the tyre. In renewing the inner surface of the cover, the band is 
first reduced in diameter to allow of the cover being slipped over it 
inside out. The diameter is then increased until the cover is tightly 
and evenly held all round. A small thumbscrew is provided for fixing 
the band when the desired diameter has been attained. The old canvas 
on the cover is then well solutioned, as is also the new canvas, the 
fixing on of the latter being, it is claimed, easily and expeditiously 
carried out. Weneed not add that the object of this tool is to facilitate 
the renewal of the inner surface of the outer cover, which is very liable 
to wear. 

Siam 

Much has been written of late as to tandem safeties being unreliable, 
and Mr. R. L. Philpot, of the Coventry Machinists Company, writes to 
the Cyclist as follows:—“ There is no doubt that most makers do not 
know how to construct tandem safeties, or, having the necessary 
knowledge, place on the market machines made from the parts used in 
single safeties in order to save the cost of designing and manufacturing 
special parts, thereby endangering the life of the rider and bringing 
discredit on this form of machine. It is a fact to those who have 
studied the subject that the parts designed for single will not bear the 
strain of two riders ; more especially is this the case in respect to the 
steering column, socket, crown, and forks, and no tandem is safe to 
ride unless these are considerably larger and stronger than those 
usually made. The place where most tandems break is just below the 
lower ball race of head, and it is impossible to strengthen this 
sufficiently unless made of a large diameter tube, and to do this all 
parts connected with it must necessarily be in proportion. These 
details are essential for safety, but in addition many others are required 
to ensure an easy-running and comfortable machine. The extra weight 
and strain of two riders make it absolutely necessary to strengthen all 
parts. The hubs and crank bracket should be wider, and the balls in 
the bearings larger, but at the same time the tread should be kept as 
narrow as possible, bearing in mind the necessary clearances. In fact, 
it is quite as easy to construct a tandem safety to satisfactorily 
accomplish its work as to build a single bicycle to carry one rider. It 
must, however, be specially designed, and made with a full apprecia- 
tion and knowledge of the enormous strain to which it has to be 
subjected—in precisely the same way as strength has to be provided in 
a bridge, in accordance with the weight and strain it has to bear— 
always allowing a margin for safety.” 

















The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 


Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 


Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 
7,671. A. Bastie and J. B. Bastie, for improvements in 
embroidering machines. 


7,817. E. J. A. Babbage, for improvements in knitting 
machines. 

7,824. H. Hill, for improvements in embroidery machines, 

7,831. G. Worsley, J. Brelsford, A. E. Worsley, and F. Cree, 


jun., for improvements in or applicable to sewing machines. 
7,840. W. Wilson, for improvements in and connected with 
convertible carriages or vehicles for the use of children. 


8,262. D. Flanagan, for improvements in sewing machines. 
8,286. C. Reupeke, for improvements in perambulators. 
8,359. EF. W. Farr, improvements in cr relating to driving 


gear for sole sewing and other sewing machines. 
8,397. W. Ashton, for improvements in 
bassinette perambulators, and similar vehicles. 


mail carts, 


8,517. J. Harrop, for an improved convertible mail cart and 
bassinette. 

8,559. H. A, Houseman, for an improved circular knitting 
machine. 

8,647. H. Hill, for improvements in or relating to embroidery 
machines. 5 

8,685. J. Brown, for improvements in attachments to zigzag 


or sewing machines for the stitching on of flat or shankless 
buttons. 

8,749. W. 
machines. 

8,890. U. Gutting, 
sewing machines, 

8,897. F. O. Jerram, for improvements in or relating to 
sewing. 

9,131, A, Anderson, a communication from The Singer 
Manufacturing Company of United States, for improvements in 
sewing machines. 

ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 

10,903. Sewing Machines. H. H. Lake, a communication 
from S. H. Wheeler, of Chicago, U.S.A. Dated June 5th, 1894. 

Relates to hem-stitching The inventor states that it is a 
great desideratum to relieve the needle of all work except that 
of merely putting the thread through the material, and in order 


Webster. Improvements in overhead sewing 


for an improved eutting device for 


JUNE 1, 1895. 


that the strain will not be materially different from that to 
which the needle is subjected in ordinary sewing, he has devised 
an arrangement which he terms a spreader and combines it 
operatively with the needle, so that the spreader enters the 
material of single thickness with the needle each time that the 
latter enters the material of single thickness, the spreader being 
arrested in its descent with the needle-bar and needle, or put 
out of action when the needle descends through the two or 
more layers of material constituting the overlapped part of the 
hem, it being understood that the stitch used to effect what is 
denominated hem-stitch work is made up of a three stitch 
figure or a figure of the zigzag order as employed for button- 
hole or oyer-stitching. i 
11,087. Bobbins. H. A. Bates, of Yonkers, 

Dated June 7th, 1894. 

The thread bobbin has a paper dise at one or both ends caused 
to adhere directly to the thread by mucilage, or other adhesive 
material, the edges of the dise being as large as the cylindrical 
bobbin of thread. Means are described for closing the sometimes 
open end of the shuttle to prevent oil, &e., coming in contact with 
the thread on the bobbin. A spring is employed to act against 
the bobbin of thread to apply the friction necessary to prevent 
the bobbin rotating too rapidly as the thread is pulled off. The 
invention further relates to sewing machine shuttles in which 
there is a case for holding the bobbin. 

19,789. Chain-stitch Sewing Machines. VF. R. Brauer, of 
Chemnitz, Saxony. Dated October 17th, 1894. 

Relates to a device in connection with chain-stitch sewing 
machines by means of which fancy seams, or work composed 
of variously coloured threads, may be made by employing 
several needles, each threaded with a single coloured thread, 

2,653. Sewing Machines. A. Eppler, of Newton, Mass., 
U.S.A. Dated February 6th, 1895. 

The object of this invention is to provide a simple and effective 
eurved needle double-thread sewing machine, adapted for 
stitching outer soles to welts of welted bootsand shoes, which shall 
operate to interlock the needle and shuttle threads at points close — 
to the bottom surface of the outer sole, and at a uniform 
distance from the bottom surface, irrespective of the thicknes: 
of the work, without the employment of a special automatic 
thread measuring device to proportion the amount of thread 
drawn from the wax-pot to the thickness of the work. 

UNITED STATES PATENTS. 


IssuED AND DATED APRIL 16TH, 1895. 


INGE TUR SHAG 


537,747. A. Brown, Detroit, Mich. Looping attachment for 
knitting machines. : 

537,748. A. Brown. Looping attachment for knitting 
machines. 

537,766. W. Hall, St. Louis, Mo, Fanattachment for sewing 
machines. 


537,802. J, A, Burleigh, Laconia, N.H. Circular knitting 
machine, 
ISSUED AND DATED APRIL 23RD, 1895. 
537,846. A. J. A. Oesterreich, Hamburg, Germany. 


: : Sewing 
machine for hem-stitching. 


537,861. L. H. Smith, Helensburg, Scotland. Sewing machine, 
537,964. D. C. Bellis, Elizabeth, N.J., Sewing machine, 
ISSUED AND DATED APRIL 30TH, 1895. 

538,472. C. Wolentarsky, Cincinnati, Ohio. Welt sewing 
machine. 

IssuED AND DATED MAY 7TH, 1895. 

538,652. J. Bradley, Chelmsford, Mass. Tuck mechanism for 
knitting machines. 

538,664. BP. Diehl, Elizabeth, N.J. Sewing machine, 

538,665. P. Diehl and A. Grieb. Sewing machine. 

538,834. LL. Jones, jun., Philadelphia, Pa. Take-up device 


for knittingma shines. 


THE SHOE AND LEATHER FAIR. 


The second annual Shoe and Leather Fair was held at the 
Agricultural Hall, Islington, under the management of Mr. John T. 
Day, of the Shoe and Leather Record, last month, and was a gigantic 
success. 

There were only two exhibitors of sewing-machines, as follows: 

THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY.—This Company occupied 
a somewhat larger stand than last year, but ina similar position. They 
had a fine display of machines for all classes of leather work, also several 
for domestic use. There appears to be practically no limit to the 
range of work for which Singer's supply sewing machines. The 
Company had their new double-trough sectional bench on show, and 
upon this were mounted their manufacturing machines. Among the 
latter we specially noticed the Zig-Zag automatic bead trimmer 
eyeleting, and button-hole machines. ; 

THE WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING ComPaNy,— 
This well-known Company occupied an imposing space near the 
centre of the ‘‘ Fair,” and, as is their custom at trade shows, made a 
thoroughly practical exhibit. At one end were Dougill’s gas engines, 
driving not only the sewing machines, but also a dynamo for the 
numerous incandescent lamps with which the stall was illumi- 
nated. Nearly every kind of machine used in the shoe 
trade was on show, running by power, the operators 
being loaned by Messrs. H. Raper & Co. and Messrs. J. & G. Barnes, 
both of whom are shoe manufacturers. We specially noticed the 
companies’ new trimmer, the knife of which is adjustable, and their 
walking foot machine. The latter isa most ingenious machine, which 
must be seen to be appreciated. 

We should not omit to mention several handsome show-cases con- 
taining some very choice boots and shoes made by Messrs, John Scott 
& Co. and Messrs. W. H. Peach & Co., Limited. 

Mr. W. F. Farr.—Mr. Fair’s standin the gallery was small, but it 
attracted a deal of attentioa. There was on show Cote’s pantograph 
for cutting and grading shoe patterns at one operation. It is a most 
ingenious machine, and appears to have a great future before it, 




















Juny 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazetie. 3 


FAFF Sewing Machines. 


The most reliable Family and Tailoring 








Machines: are unequalled by any Machine for their 
quality, exquisite nan and a Pees 7 


All the Impor- 
tant parts ex- 
posed to 
friction are 
forged of the 
best quality : 
steel. 


-PerfectlyNoise- 
less Motion, 


‘and numerous 

















other 

































































































































































| [mprovements. 




















The Pfaft “B” Perfect Sewing Machine. 


G. M. PRAFF caisexsiavtery, GERMANY, 


Recently enlarged by the purchase of the Konig Sewing Machine Factory, where the Pfalf Oscillating aoe 
Machines are now made. Sizes E and F. 


SOLE IMPORTERS FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM: 


WILHELM & C0., 132, Wool Exchange, LONDON, E.C. 





wew |NEW HOME SEWING MAGHINES.| Nex | 


Home. Highest Awards at World’s Fair, Chicago, and at Home... 
Antwerp Exhibition, 1894. 








SELLING The NEW HOME Machine is the simplest and lightest running 

POINTS. Machine in’ the trade. Has High Arm, Double Feed, Automatic 
Winder, Self-threading Cylinder Shuttle, carrying largest quantity of 
thread, elegantly ornamented. All bright parts nickel-plated, no 
gears, easy to work, easy to sell. 





STYLES OF Hand Machines on Wood or Iron Case, with handsome bent wood 
MACHINES. cover. Treadle Machines with a large variety of styles of cabinet 

work. Manufacturing Machines for all purposes, 

SL i ee See 
AGENTS. We can give exceptional terms to energetic agents, and as we do 
no retail trade, our agents will have the full benefit of all business 
arising in their respective districts. Agents wanted in every district 
of Yorkshire, Lancashire, Wales, Midland and Hastern Counties, 

London, and South and West of England. 











WRITE FOR PRICE LIST AND TERMS, 
Newz New 
AMERICAN TRADING CO., 

Home. “4 Home. 


99; FENCHURCH ST., LONDON. E.C. 














eis 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances JULY 1, 1895. 


BIESOLT & LOCKE, \ifSSii, SAXONY, 


1869. 


NON- me oe WITHOUT 













































































































































































































































































































































































































































Perfected Automatic Hand and Treadle Sewing Machines for 
Domestic and Trade use. 12 patentedimprovements. Working 


B. & L. Machine, Lt. B. (high-arm) for family use ith New Parts finest tempered steel. Appearance superb. Undoubtedly 
7 ( § ) y pW MY best Machine in the market. Silent, uniform, rapid, easy 
Shaped Stand, movement. 


SPECIALITY-SACK-SEWING andthe ‘‘ NORNE’’ SACK-CUTTING WES CIOS 


WHOLESALE AGENT— 


G. ZSCHWINZSCHER, 34, ALDERMANBURY, LONDON, E.C, 


AGENTS WANTED. 


G. H. WELLS & CO.,|ISAIAH LEES & SONS, 








































































































Pe eave teens BRIDGE END RUBBER WORKS, 
PHENIX WORKS, BISHOP STREET, BIRMINGHAM. DUKINFIELD, near MANCHESTER. 
ESTABLISHED 1862. Makers of all kinds of Cycle Tyres, Cushions, and Solids, also 
at Bassinette Tyres and Cement, which cannot be equalled at the price. 
HAMMOCKS _ (The ‘“ Wonder.”) WHOLESALE AGENTS— 
__ Mounted on four 20-inch Wheels, all complete. London 5 The American Wringer Co., 
Wholesale Trade only eee each, or 22s. 6d. each for an 122, SOUTHWARK STREET, SE. 
rder of twel @ 
oe Belfast: B. Johnston and Co., 
PARTICULARS and DRAWING ON APPLICATION. 29, YORK STREET, BELFAST. 





ENTWISLE & KENYON’S 
Accrington Mangles 


AT 
Keighley Prices. 
DESIGNED FOR HARD USAGE, 


No BETTER SEASONED ROLLERS IN EXISTENOE. 





Write for List or send your Name on post card 
and Traveller shall call. 


OTHER SPECIALTIES IN 
Carpet Sweepers, Meat Choppers, Step 
Ladders, Draught Excluders, éc. 


-ENTWISLE & KENYON, 


ACCRINGTON. 














* Jury’ 1; 1895 and Sewing Machine Gazette. 





OLDEST EUROPEAN MAKERS. MORE THAN 200 FIRST PRIZES. 


BRADBURY & CO., Ltd. 
WELLINGTON WORKS, 











CYCLES, 
SEWING MACHINES, 
BASSINETTES. 


Wholesale Depot: 144, NEWGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C. 


LIVERPOOL: 128, Bold Street. NEWCASTLE: 16, Westmorland Street. 
BIRMINGHAM: 48, Bull Street. | NORWICH: 12, Exchange Street. 
MANCHESTER: 7, Deansgate. BELFAST: 85, Donegall Street. | 
LEEDS: 12, Commercial Street. DUBLIN: 96a, Grafton Street, 
BRISTOL; 14, Castle Street. EDINBURGH: 66, Nicolson 8t, 
SHEFFIELD : 36, Pinstone Street. | GLASGOW: 282, Sauchiehall St. 


And in most Important Towns. 


HIGHEST AWARDS AT ALL THE GREAT EXHIBITIONS. 











The Journal of Domestic Appliances JuLy 1, 1895. 





CHEAPEST HOUSE 


FOR 


wo MAIL GARTS. 


WRITE FOR COLOURED 
mG CATALOGUE. 
A<\/)\ NEW DESIGNS. 8 
= LOW PRICES. AC 
PROMPT ATTENTION. ~~ 


LONDON bel HARFORD ST, 


(Proprietors: STEELE & CURRIE.) 


i (Qc) EAGLE IRON WORKS, | Af 6. TOWNSEND. & C0. 
ee SERS WORHIAE 
NEEDLE MANUFACTURERS, 


GIVRY WORKS, REDDITCH, 


Advise the TRADE that they Manufacture none but first quality needles 

>, | for every description of work. Bu pee no others but those bearing our TRADE 

We mark, a WHITE ring on BLUE shank. None genwine but our make. A 
| quantity of Shuttles and Fittings in aaa at PRESENT DAY prices. 


London Agent: J. P. ALLEN, 12, WALBROOK, E.C. 
SEND FOR SAMPLES AND ppycps- 











































Established 1849. 





" ‘MANUFACTURERS OF 
Washing, Wringing, and gk 
Mangling Machines. 


2 GOLD MEDALS AND 7 SILVER MEDAL “esx 
AWARDED SINCE 1893. 


NEW LIST ON APPLICATION. 











DIPLOMA OF HONOUR (HIGHEST AWARD), ANTWERP, 1894 
UPWARDS OF ONE AND A HALF 


MILLION MACHINES MADE © GIVES UNBOUNDED SATISFACTION 
AND SOLD. WHEREVER SOLD, 








Purchasers recommend their Friends to Buy no other 
: than the NEW HOME. 





SALES INCREASING ENORMOUSLY EVERY YEAR. 





The Simplicity of Construction and Durability of the NEW 
HOME gives less trouble to Purchasers: and Agents. than 
-any other Machine. 








PERFECTLY BALANCED, 
LIGHT RUNNING, CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 


SURE & SIMPLE 
IN OPERATION. 





“WHOLESALE AGENT FOR ~ 


SCOTLAND, IRELAND, AND NORTH OF ENGLAND 
Hp 





- 





JuLy 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 7 


HULELO THER 


Are you handling the BEST and most popular Washers and Mangles, 








namely, 


JHE “SPRAY” & “MODEL” WASHERS, 
THE “CLIMAX,” “ VIGTORIA,” 


‘and other Pattern Mangles manufactured by the 


CHERRY TREE MACHINE CO,? 


If not, do so at once, and you will soon find your Trade increasing. You will be 
sowing the seed for a good harvest by selling the goods you can guarantee, and 
your customers will recommend you to their friends. 


THE PRICES ARE RIGHT; THE QUALITY GUARANTEED. 


FHSPOSIOHS SHPO OHSSOOSHS OSGOOD 


CATALOGUES FREE. 


SHOVO SPO POD GS OO SS VOSS HHOS OS) 


CHERRY TREE MACHINE CO., LIM., 


BLACGCEE BOR RN. 
LONDON REPRESENTATIVE: 


R. J. JOHNS, et pee ON STREET, eT. ED 


~The “FIEND IX 





THE BEST, THE MOST 
RAPID, AND THE 
MOST DURABLE 
SEWING MACHINES 
IN EXISTENCE. 


LETTER F.—For Family Use 
‘and Light Manufac- 
ue turing Purposes. 
| LETTER D.—Medium Size 
Machine, for Manu- 
facturing Purposes. 
ia iy LETTER E.—Large Manufac- 
WV turing Machine. 
fi LETTER F.—Hand Machine, 
on Wooden Base, 
with Elegant Wood- 
work. 


DEALERS WANTED 
—, where not hot Represented. 


-BAERSRENPEL, 


BIELEFFLD. CERMANY.. 




































at Eas 


—— 






































































































































DEN ie ee ea A eae Sots tet cd a RT NER ors Ren Coca 





els The Journal of Domestic Appliances Juty 1, 1895, 
TAL TRAD METEOR SESE EIST UPSETS Esco MESTA RR TTT aco MERA Se SON SE RC CRLF POPES ne 


eg? 





























‘SINNGL IWIOUdS 


If go, Write for a List anal Tea of ; ; 
THE “CONDOR” CYCLES. 


HARRY Ss. ROBERTS, 
# CONDOR CYCLE WORKS, * © 
DEANSHANGER, STONY STRATFORD, BUCKS. 


MISSING CAPIQEE «ano » THE MARVEL. 


| 





Made in three Classes 

CLASS A. Papier-maché body, well 
painted and upholstered, wood 
hammock handles, wheels, 20in.x20in. 


PRICE 24/- EACH, 


Or 22/6 each for an order of six. za 
CASH WITH ORDER. 
SEE THE 


KNOCK-OUT 


CARTE 'T TE, 
Oircular wicker body, bent shafts, 
21 in. wheels. 

8/- each, or 7/6 each per dozen order. | 


FULL ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST on Application. 












































LONDON SHOWROOMS: 
30, GRAY’S INN, ROAD, W.C. 
AGENT-HIL. GARLAND. 


G. H. WELLS & CO., evoenn woris, BISHOP ST, BIRMINGHAM. | 














Tou. i 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 9 





THE 


Hire Traders’ Protection 
Association. 


REGISTERED UNDER THE LICENCE OF THE BOARD OF TRADE, JUNE 214, 1891. 
WHEREBY THE LIABILITY OF MEMBERS IS STRICTLY LIMITED. 


Constitution This Association is a combination of dealers in articles sold on the 
aed Obici Easy Payment and Hire System, and, according to its Rules, its objects are 
‘the protection and furtherance of the interest of persons trading on what is 
known as the Hire Purchase System, and to ensure for hirers fair and 

~ honourable treatment.” 


It is purely a co-operation of traders aiming at raising the tone of the 
Hire System and the assistance of hire traders in cases of difficulty, -for 
which purpose it retains one of the best legal authorities, Mr. H. EH. Tudor, 
whose fees are fixed at one-half (or less) the usual solicitor’s charges. 


Subscriptions. The annual subscription is one guinea for town members, and 
half-guinea for country members, commencing from any date. 


Advantages, The Association supply, firstly, a legal form of hiring agreement, which 
it considers fair between owner and hirer. Should this agreement be broken 

by the hirer, Mr. Tudor, the solicitor to the Association, wil) write the hirer at 

the member’s request, at a charge of 6d. Should the goods be pledged, he will 

write the pawnbroker stating the owner’s title to the goods, and endeavour to get 

them returned ; the same remarks apply to landlords, carriers, or other persons 

in wrongful possession. Mr. Tudor can be consulted at certain times (see 

Rules) free of charge, and at all times will give written advice on legal 

difficulties at a charge of 1s. in ordinary cases. Should members desire to 

conduct their own cases, the solicitor’s charge for drawing up the brief is 3s. 6d. 


Country 


a In order that country members shall not be at a disadvantage, Mr. 
embers. 


Tudor has drawn up a series of forms which, when filled in, will render a 
personal consultation unnecessary. 


Branch Associations will be formed wherever sufficient support is forthcoming from 
local traders. 


This Association has already done much useful work. A large number of 
defaulting hirers have resumed their payments, and goods to a considerable value have been 
recovered from pawnbrokers and others in wrongful possession. The Association aims at 
using its influence in such a manner as will reduce litigation as much as possible, but its 
solicitor has undertaken numerous actions, principally against landlords, and with unusual 
success, due largely to the unparalleled experience of its legal staff. 


The Committee therefore invite all firms doing an Hasy Payment or Hire Trade to 
join this Association. 


For further particulars apply to the Secretary, 


SAMUEL JAMES SEWELL, 
98, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row. Lendon, E C 





The Journal of Domestic Appliances Jury 1, 1895. 


STARTLING REDUCTIONS! 


FRISTER & ROSSMANN’S 
Latest Improved / Sem IN‘O 


HIGH-ARM =~ HGH AR 
LOCKSTITCH a en 7~COts TREAD 


SEWING 
MACHINES, oy sages 


apa 
Ay 

and all 
Attachments, 


53/6. 
Write for Price List to 


44 DOLPE, 


















No Restrictions. 








- Sell at any price 
you like. = 






















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































THE “ ADLER ” SEWING MACHINE 


FOR FAMILY AND MANUFACTURING PURPOSES. 
Rotary Motion, Latest Improvements, Very Rapid, Highly 
Finished, and most Durable. 


# EVERY MACHINE GUARANTEED. ¥ | 


SOLE AGENTS FOR HOME AND EXPORT— 


MAYER & ADOLPH 22; Paper Street, Red Gross Seek al 











Jury 1, 1895. 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS, 
MAILCARTS 


of every 
description 
and 
quality, 

to 

suit 

all 
Trades. | 














and Sewing Machine Gazette. II 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 


List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 








London Agent — 
Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 


39, Holborn 
Viaduct, 





ee THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULAT(R CO., Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRMINGHAM, 





Write for Our Illustrated Catalogue 
PRINTED IN NINE COLOURS 
—a Work of Art, 


























a ae ll a a ey 













































































The New 








patent PNEUMATIC 











































































PERAMBULATORS 
From 4.()/= each. 


WA \ = UP-TO-DATE 
TPN \\ NOVELTIES 
A, TS In all Classes of Goods. 


p ROTHSCHILD 
BAKER 














y, 


gt & 32, ST. PAUL’S SQUARE, BIRMINGHAM 





BORO, 


LONDON, S.E. 


LLOYD & CO.,_ 


MANUFACTURERS OF 
CANOPIES! CANOPIES! 


For Perambulators or Mail Carts. 


LLOYD & CO, respect- 
fully call your attention to 
their Price List of Canopies 
for Prams and Cars. 
Besides those usual styles 
in Striped, White, and 
Cream Hollands, they have 
jntroduced Srx Sprctar 
DESIGNS (all protected), 
and called 


THE “ DUCHESSE” 
CANOPY, 


The sides being beautifully 
and artistically trimmed 
by Aplique and Embroid. 
ery, which, being lined 
Sateen (various colours), 
have a very pretty effect. 




















CANOPIES ! ' 





STIBBE’S PATENT 


| |tdeal Knitter 


For Seamless Stockings, Socks, Gloves, and 
= every kind of Hosiery, RIBBED or PLAIN. 
“ REALLY SIMPLE, ABSOLUTELY SURE, 


in virtue of numerous Patented Tmprovements 
which can be had on no other Machine. 









G. STIBBE, 25 Jamaica St., Glasgow, 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


SIN ER (family and medium), 2s., Wheeler & Wilson, 
4s per gross, per post.—-Cox & Co., Eagle Works, Alcester. 


ee ____ 
HEAPEST HOUSE for Sewing Machines, Washing 
and Wringing Machines, Bicycles, Tricycles, Watches, Jewellery, 
Musical Boxes, Pianos, &c. Cash or hire system ; exceptionally easy 
terms.—W. Lapthorne & Co., 479, Gloucester Road, Horfield, Bristol. 





VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 

represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 
London, F.C. 





(See page 32 for other advertisements.) 


12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Suoscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1S. per quarter, post free. which includes 
p tree copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. ° 





from 
which 


We frequently receive requests 


Copyright dealers for the loan of “blocks” 


in ‘ Blocks.” 


appear in our advertisement pages, and, of | subject not without interest, however, as we shall pre- 


| sently show. 


: d ? | always remembering the claims of Europe, it is undeniable 
not say, is very foolish, as we are only the custodians of the | 


blocks, and as was just decided at the Birmingham County | 


course, always decline to lend same, and sometimes our 
subscribers take umbrage at the refusal. This, we need 


Court there is a legal risk in one firm using another’s 
blocks. Inthe case we refer to Messrs. W. A. Lloyd & 
Co. sued Messrs. J. B. Parkes & Co. to recover £50 for 
infringement of copyright. It appears that in January 
last the defendants obtained the use of an electrotype 
block from plaintiffs for cycle frames, on the condition 
that the defendants bought their frames from the plain- 
tiffs, and the terms to be 5 per cent. discount from 
catalogue prices, with two and a half for cash, but in 


with plaintiff's name ‘ Lloyds” upon it, they would 


allow tifteen per cent. discount off the catalogue price of | countries should be similarly indebted to Germany. Mr. 


The defendants used } 


the block. Some of the illustrations, however, were | not amiss to go thoroughly into this question, and we 


frames ordered by the defendants. 


printed without the name cf “Lloyds,” and defendants 
ordered no ‘rames from plaintiffs. Mr. Lloyd gave 


sheets with *‘ Lloyds’ on the illustration, and 250 with- 
out. He had sold only four frames, which he bought 
frem small makers. His Honour, however, held that 


from it. He pointed out in reply to counsel that the 
block itself was nothing. 
block, ‘‘the print,” that had done the mischief, 
judgment accordingly for nominal damages, viz., Ios. and 
costs on the sum claimed. 
against the defendants. 





We have often heard complaints from 


Notices on 
Invoices. : i : 
certain perambulator firm's business as to 


the invoicing of goods was conducted. It is the practice 
of this firm, when sending out accounts, to charge the 
goods at retail prices, and to attach to the invoice a note 
to the effect that so much per cent. will be allowed as 
discount provided the account is paid within a prescribed 
period. 
readers On receiving an invoice 
notice, and as a consequence they have had to pay retail 


the terms of the notice. We notethat last month, beforeMr. 
Justice Kennedy, there was a case (Tautz v. Archdale) 
which throws much light on the question of notices 
on invoices, and which is in our estimation of sufficient 
interest to be mentioned in our columns. Counsel 
argued in this case that such notices were not binding, 
inasmuch as they were not in reality contracts, not being 
agreed to by both parties; in fact, argued counsel, it 
was altogether a one-sided affair, the receipt by the 
customer of the notice attached to the account being by 
no means evidence of his consenting to be bound by the 
notice contained thereon, and therefore not a contract. 
The only way, said counsel, in which the notice could be 
rendered effectual was under Statute 3 and 4, William 
ivy. c. 28, which required a firm to prove having served 
a notice to a debtor stating that interest would be claimed 
on a certain sum within a specified date, failing which 
the claim could not be entorced. 

Tis view was upheld by his Lordship on the score 
that such notices did not form a sufficient compliance 
with the provisions of the Statute to support the claim, 
and the defendant, who was more than a year overdue 
with his account, could not be compelled to pay interest 
thereon. 


It was the impression of the | 
He gave | English names in both the French and German languages, 
He also granted an injunction | 
| the English names for machine parts are of either Old 


| are the same as the modern German word. 
dealers respecting the manner in which a | 
| Anglo-Saxon origin. 

| the English word, but in the German it is Oberther!, 


It has been the case with more than one of our | 
not to observe the } 


| is Schwungrad, or swing wheel. 
prices, as the firm are very strict in holding customers to | 


|} ment on the English word. 


| German word. 
















SEWING MACHINE NOMENCLATURE. 
Few members of the sewing machine trade, probably, 


have ever given a thought to the origin of the names by 


which the parts of a sewing machine are known. It isa 


Not to go deeply into the question, and 
that the parts of a sewing machine received their names 


in America, and it was in that country that the first really 
practical sewing machine was produced. Thusit happens 


| that the names of sewing machine parts are, linguistically 


speaking, English in origin. é 
Now it is well known that the Howe & Thomas 
machines reached the Continent from England, France 


| being the first and Germany the second country to realise 
| the potentialities of the sewing machine. 


It therefore is 
a very natura] inference that the nations speaking lan- 


| cuages of Latin origin, such as the Spanish and Italians 
consideration of the defendant publishing the illustration | 3 8 Gees? P y 


also the Belgians, should obtain their names for sewing 
machine parts from the French, and that Teutonic 


Charles Bradbury and the present writer considered it 


find that the inference we started with has-been fully 


: | borne out by facts. 
evidence that the defendants had sent out his company’s | y 


illustration and supplied orders with a cheaper frame | 


than theirs, and the defendant said that he printed 250 | nations have had, firstly, an American or English origin 


| —in both cases, of course, the language being the same— 
| and that they can be divided into three classes, viz., Eng- 


ress | lish, French, and G : 
defendants had infringed the copyright list of the | enn caer eo 


plaintiffs, and broken faith with them, misusing and | 
mutilating their block by having ‘“‘Lloyd’s” name erased | 


We.are now able, then, to state as a fact that the 
sewing machine instruction books in use in all European 


Our task is much simplified by this division into three 
main groups, and we really need not for our present pur- 
poses deal with any of the sub-divisions, for they are quite 
of minor importance. 

We give below atable showing the equivalents of 


and now propose to comment on a few of the names. 
In the first place, it is interesting to note that most of 


English or Anglo-Saxon origin, and that very few indeed. 
We are 
indebted to the French for the following words: 
“ table,” ‘‘ cover,” ‘‘ tension,” and ‘*corder.” We owe 
to Gaelic a single word, *‘ feller,” but “ hemmer ” is of 


The French word for “ head ” corresponds exactly to 


which means literally upper part. The Germans call a 
machine-table Z7schplatte, or table-top. The ‘‘fly-wheel ” 
is volant in French, which means flier, and in German it 


“Pitman” is dze//e,or crank, in French, and Zrezbstange, 
or driving rod, in German, both names being an improve- 
Soc/e, which means pedestal, 
is the French word for “base,’ and Mundamentis the 
‘Winder ” is referred to by the Germans 
as Spulapbarat, which means, of course, spool apparatus. 
Dre Spannungis the German word for “tension,” mean- 
ing a straining of the thread. The French word for 
‘‘feeder ” is evzffe, meaning claw, but curiously enough 
the Germans, although going to the French for a word to 
express this part of a machine, adept another word, 7razs- 
porteur. ) 

“ Presser-foot ”’ becomes presse-ctoffe or cloth-presser in 
French, and the Germans use a word, Sfoffdrucker, which 
means absolutely the same thing. The Germans call the 
stitch-regulator Stichsteller, which is, literally, stitch-fixer. 
The “needle-plate’’ becomes Stzchp/atie or stitch plate in 
German. The French call the “thread-lever ” a regula- 
tor of the thread (végulateur du fil.) In German the 
“Shuttle carrier ” becomes Schiffchentwyezber or shuttle 
driver, and ‘‘driver,” as our readers know, is often used 
in this country instead of ‘* carrier.” 

Both the French and the Germans drop the word 
“cam ” in referring to the “ heart-cam,” and simply call it 
Ceur and Herz respectively. ‘‘Edge-guide”’ becomes 


as 








JULY 1, 1895. 





guide drott, or straight guide, in French, and Zzneal, or 
ruler, in German. The English word “‘quilter’’ becomes 
Wattirlineal, or wadding-ruler, in German. “ Trim- 
mer” is poseur de ruban, or ribbon-fixer, in French, 
and Bandaufnaher, or ribbon sewer, in German 
“Feller”? the French call raéatteur, or the turner over, 
and the German name Kafer expresses the same idea. 
La vis a bouton, or button-screw, is the French word for 
thumbscrew, but the Germans use the word Knopf 
schraube, which means, literally, knobscrew. The “ screw- 
driver ” is called in French /ournevzs, or turnscrew, and 
in German Schraubensteher, or screw-drawer. Le crochet 
is French for “hook” or “looper,” and Grezfer, or 
grasper, is its German equivalent. 

The only other word we shall now deal with is the 
equivalent for shuttle. The French call the shuttle /a 
navette, but the Germans, not very wisely we think, call 
it Schzffchen, which means little ship. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette 


We follow on with the table previously referred to. 


NAMES OF SEWING MACHINE PARTS AND THEIR 
EQUIVALENTS IN FRENCH AND GERMAN. 


The Head 

The Stand 

The Table - 

The Cover 

The Treadle 

The Flywheel 

The Pitman 

The Belt (Strap) 

The Base (Hand Ma- 
chine) 

The Bedplate 

The Arm 

The Winder 

The Shuttle 

The Needle 

The Tension 

The Reel (Spool) 

The Feeder 

The Presser-foot 

The Stitch-regulator 

The Needle-bar 

The Needle-plate 

The Needle-screw 

The Thread-lever 

The Tension Spring 

The Shuttle Carrier 

The Heart Cam 

The Handle 

The Edge-guide 

The Hemmer 

The Binder 

The Quilter 

The Friller 

The Braider 

The Trimmer 

The Corder 

The Feller 

The Thumbscrew 

The Screwdriver 

The Oilcan 

The Hook (Looper) 


La Téte 

Le Bati 

La Table 
Le Coffret 
La Pédale 
Le Volant 
La Bielle 
La Courroie 


Le Socle 

La Plaque 

Le Bras 

Le Devidoir 

La Navette 
L’Aiguille 

La Tension 

La Bobine 

La Griffe 

La Presse-étoffe 
Regulateur du point 
La Barre-aiguille 
La Plaque-aiguille 
La Vis & aiguille 
Regulateur du fil 
Le Ressort de tension 
La Porte-navette 
Le Cceur 

La Manivelle 

Le Guide Droit 
L’Ourleur 

Le Bordeur 
L’Ouateur 

Le Fronceur 

Le Soutacheur 

Le Poseur de ruban 
Le Cordeur 

Le Rabatieur 

La Vis 4 bouton 
Le Tournevis 

La Burette 

Le Crochet 


Das Obertheil 
Das Gestell 

Die Tischplatte 
Die Chatulle 
Der Tritt 

Das Schwungrad 
Die Treibstange 
Der Riemen 


Die Fundamert 
Die Grundplatte 
Der Arm 

Der Spulapparat 
Das Schiffchen 

Die Nadel 

Die Spannung 

Die Spule 

Der Transporteur 
Der Stoffdrucker 
Der Stichsteller 
Die Nadelstange 
Die Stichplatte 
Die Nadelschraube 
Der Drahtregulator 
Die Spannungsfeder 
Der Schiffchentreiber 
Das Herz 

Der Griff 

Das Lineal 

Der Siumer 

Der Bandeinfasser 
Das Wattirlineal 
Der Krausler 

Der Soutacheur 
Der Bandaufnaher 
Der Litzeneinniher 
Der Kapper 

Die Knopfschraube 
Der Schraubenzieher 
Die Oelkanne 

Der Greifer 








SHWING MACHINES IN DENMARK. 


The trade is supplied from German 
Sweden, and the United States. 


y, England, 


Of American machines, 
only the Singer and the New Homeare known and intro- 
duced here. The majority of Singer machines imported 
come from Glasgow, where, I understand, this company 
has a factory. The New Home Company has also 
recently introduced its machines here. | No other 
machines from England other than the English-made 
Singer, as above stated, are brought into this market, 
The reason assigned for this is that the English machines 
are different in construction from those known and 
appreciated by the Danes, but, more especially, because 
they are said to be more expensive. 

The German machines, however, have, beyond doubt, 
the largest sale ir. Denmark. They are, as arule, cheaper 
than other machines, and while it is true that some of 
their makes are trifling and sell for a song, there are 
many good machines sold cheap enough to hold their 
own against all comers. 

Swedish machines haye also been imported here, but 
they have little reputation and less sale, There are also 


some few machines manufactured here, but I think it will 
be admitted that, other things being equal, they cannot 
compete with the Germans in price. 

I have endeavoured to secure figures as to the total 
number of machines imported into Denmark durin g the 





classes are established. 






last fiscal year, but the Bureau o atistics gives no 
information on this point, and the Custom House 
officials say ‘‘there is no way of obtaining such informa-. 
tion, as the machines pay duty according to different 
schedules.” A dealer, however, estimates the importa- 
tion to be about 7,000 machines annually. Of this, it 
would be safe to say that 5,000 are German machines. 

Duty is levied according to the different parts of the 
machine, as follows: The machinery proper pays a duty) 
of 6 6re (1°6 cent) per Danish pound; the woodwork 
pays about 14 Gre (3$cents), and the stand of iron about 
2 ore (one-half of acent) per pound. Owing to the high 
duty on the woodwork, some dealers have this made in 
Denmark and thus save the expense. The easy-payment 
system, or, as it is called in the United States, ‘‘the 
instalment plan,” is quite in evidence here, and is, in 
fact, the rule generally followed. Canvassing agents, 
however, are not so common as in the United States. 
The best way to reach the people is through the columns — 
of the newspapers. 

AAs machines are cheaper at present than they were a 
few years ago, a correspondingly larger number are sold, 
and thetrade is getting brisker. But the price is vari- 
able. Some dealers offer German treadle machines at 
from 55 to 80 kronor (14 dols. 74c. to 21 dols. 44 c.), and,. 
again, I have seen hand machines advertised at 25 kronor 
(6 dols. 7oc.). The agents of the Singer Sewing 
Machine Company—Bendix Bros,—give the following ~ 
average prices of their machines, viz. : Family treadle. 
machines, 85 kronor (22 dols. 78 c.); tailor treadle 
machines, 125 kronor (33 dols. 50 c.); shoemakers’= 
treadle machine 160 kronor (42 dols. 88c.); hand machines, - 
60 kronor (16 dols. 08 c.). The agents of the Singer _ 
machine are well established here, and, as far as I can » 
learn, they sell more machines than any single firm in ' 
Denmark. However true this may be—for this state- 
ment is only based on the opinions of men in the trade— 
a comparison of prices with the German machines is. 
unfavourable to the Singer machine. The annual sale 
ofthe Singer machine in Denmark is estimated by a 
competitor to be about two thousand, the majority of 
which, he thinks, come from the factory in Glasgow. It 
would seem, therefore, that if American sewing machine 
companies can put their goods in this market at a figure 
to compete with the German manufacturers, a good 
business can be established. The success of the Singer. 
machine, in spite of its greater cost, would seem to be an. 
inducement for other companies to enter the field. The 
New Home Company has already made the venture, but 
with what success I cannot say. The excellence of 
American workmanship is acknowledged here as well as 
in other parts of Europe. To introduce our sewing 
machines, we must sell as cheaply as the Germans.— 
Rogpert J. Kirx, Consul, in the Sewing Machine Times 
of New York. 

-Copenhagen, March rath, 1895. 











SEWING MACHINE PATENTS IN AMERICA, 


As our readers are aware, America has been most 
prolific in invention in connection with the sewing 
machine, and we have read with great interest a recent 
article in our excellent contemporary, the Sewzng Machine 
Advance, on the subject of the surprisingly large number 
of patents taken out in that country. We understand 
that in the American Patent Office subjects of invention 
are divided into two hundred and thirteen classes, though 
from an examination of the list it appears that the titles 
of nine classes have been dropped, leaving two hundred 
and four, net. These classes are sub-divided into more 
than six thousand six hundred sub-classes. For example, 
class 24, sewing machines, has forty-one sub-classes, as 
will be seen in the list given below. As new subjects of 
invention appear from time to time, new classes or sub- 
The classes are assigned for 
examination to thirty-four examining divisions of the 
office, each in charge of an examiner. For example, 
sewing machines are assigned to Division 14, along 
with the classes—apparel, crinoline and corsets, designs, 
toilet articles and umbrellas and canes. 

Since 1836, in which year the American Patent Office 
was destroyed by fire, and the renumbering of patents 
from No. 1 upward was begun, there have been issued, up 
to January 1st, 1895, the date of the supplement, 541,589 


oe a 


sid 


14: The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


patents, if no error has been made in adding up the list 
by classes. In this vast aggregation of patents issued, 
the sewing machine stands prominent among the subjects 
of invention to which inventors have devoted their atten- 
tion. Of the two hundred and four classes, that of sewing 
machines stands twentieth in the list, being thus well up 
toward the head of the list. It would appear from this 
fact that the glamour of the golden harvests reaped by the 
early sewing machine inventors had led thousands of 
inventors to believe that there were millions in sewing 
machine invention. What fruition, or lack of fruition, 
rather, their hopes have had the many among the 
thousands could sadly tell. 

Carriages and wagons come first in the list, numeri- 
cally, with 20,096 patents to their credit. Then come in 
numerical order the following :—Stoves and furnaces, 
18,340 ; clasps, bucklesand buttons, 11,795 ; packing and 
storing vessels, 10,354 ; harvesters, 10,155 ; plows, 10,122 ; 
mills, 9,720 ; boots and shoes, 9,348; measuring instru- 
ments, 9,344; railways, 8,344; steam engines, 8,237 ; 
lamps and gas fittings, 8,211 ; builders’ hardware, 7,792; 
water distribution, 7,707; laundry, 7,633; seeders and 
planters, 7,477; harness, 7,400; fences, 6,807 ; railway 
draft appliances, 6,780; sewing machines, 6,048; the re- 
maining one hundred and eighty-four classes running down 
through the lower thousands and hundreds to Linotyping, 
which is doubtless the latest subject of invention, and 
which stands credited with but 98 patents. 

Following are the sewing machine sub-classes, arranged 
alphabetically, with the number of patents attaching to 
each :— 


Attachment holders .» 59 | Setters and threaders e109) 
Binders”... Lop .. 87 | Sewing hats oeg Te 46 
Book-sewing a6 ... 83 |- Sewing looped fabrics cao <A) 
Braiders and corder: .«. 93 | Sewing on buttons... Sosa a7 As) 
Broom-sewing 500 ... 14 | Sewing rugs 000 200 6 
Button-hole oo vee 521 | Sewing shoes oo) AAG 
Chain and double chain ... 349 | Short-thread 006 bod Su 
Embroidering ... 237 | Shuttle machines ... E704 
Feeding... te ... 382 | Shuttles and bobbins 149 
Glove sewing machine ... 30 | Special machines S05 U7) 
Guides aie «. 259] Straw a as me 08 
Hemmers ... 166 | Take-ups 119 
Methods onG eee 73)u|ieenSionS ace 500 c00 | CME 
Miscellaneous parts ... 141 | Thread-cutters os on, Ky 
Needles... 200 po7.O)) |niximmersiss abe soo, | 19) 
Needle clamps 29 . 40 Tuck-creasers and markers 145 
Presser-feet and lifters 119 | Tucking-guides ... boo ey 
Quilting 178 | Turfing fabrics... soa) AY 
Revolving hooks ... ... 68 | Wax-thread 500 Boa.) Jieyt 
Revolving-hook machines 141 | — 
Rufflers and gatherers 287 Total 20 .. 6,048 
Running-stitch ... ooo Ue) 





In addition to the above there are other sub-classes 
that belong properly to the sewing machine, but have 
been assigned for examination to other divisions of the 
office. Thus, in Division 8, class furniture, are found 
sewing machine covers with 71 patents, and sewing 
machine tables with 77 patents. In Division 13, class 
needles and pins, 99 patents are noted for making 
machine needles; and in Division 21, class cordage, there 
are 107 patents for winding sewing machine shuttle 
bobbins. There are also many sewing machine move- 
ments included under the general designation of 

mechanical movements examined in Division 12, while in 
Division 2, of the 388 spring motors there examined a 
large number were designed and patented as sewing 
machine motors, that were to bring vast wealth to their 
aspiring inventors. Alas, for the fond hopes placed so 
confidently in these spring instruments of delusive 
natures! Not one has survived the test of practical 
utility, and yet there are others doubtless that will come 
and go. 








SEWING MACHINES IN BRAZIL. 


A Rio correspondent writes to the British Trade 
Fournal, on sewing machines, as follows :—‘‘ These 
machines are in general use throughout the country, and 
are to be found in nearly every house, even in the huts of 
the Indians in the interior, where they frequently form 
the only furniture of any value. Nearly all the cheaper 
kinds are of German manufacture, but the best machines 
are of English and Americanmake. MachinesoftheSinger 
type are most in favour ; there are also many “Howe ”’ 
machines in use, although the English factory of this 
name has ceased to manufacture them. For family use 
cheap treadle machines find a ready sale, also improved 
machines for tailors’ and bootmakers’ use, 


Juny 1, 1895. 














A NEW MOTOR. 


Dr. W. W. French, of Fort Branch, Ind., has re- 
cently patented a motor that is unique in many respects. 
Although he uses springs the power is not produced in 
the usual manner by springs wound by hand, but the 
springs are acted upon by bands alternately expanded by 
the direct application of heat, the bands being so con- 
nected with the springs that when one band is expanded 
it releases its hold on the springs while the other band 
is receiving the full pressure of the same. The inventor 
has given the name ‘‘ Pyromo” to his motor, an illus- 
tration of which is here shown. 

_Replying to an inquiry concerning the application of 
his motor to a sewing machine, the inventor, says the 
Sewing Machine Advance, states as follows :— ; 

“In reply to yours of the 2nd inst., I will say 
that I can see nothing in the way of applying the 
‘Pyromo’ to the running of a sewing machine. I have 
estimated that a wheel 2 ft. in diameter will develop at 
least one-fifth of a horse-power, and each doubling of the 
diameter will increase the power eightfold. 

“The working model is 6 in. in diameter and weighs 
tlb. The fly-wheel is 7 in. in diameter, weighs two 
ounces, and easily makes 200 revolutions per minute. 
The frame of model is of wood, and the machine is very 
imperfectly made. If the frame were made of metal I 
could double the tension on the thermostatic bands and 
this would double its power 

































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































“ The motor can be encased at the end of a sewing 
machine table, leaving small openings at the top and 
bottom for draft, or the standards of motor might termi- 
nate at bottom in a clamp, having a projection for a 
lamp and be fastened on back edge of machine table 
opposite belt wheel of machine. I have always used a 
lamp to operate the model. A lamp with four small 
burners, each one-eighth inch in diameter, burning 
alcohol or coal oil, will generate sufficient power to runa 
family machine. The thermostatic bands of the model 
are only one-fourth of an inch wide and one-hundredth 
of an inch thick,and are under a tension of eighteen 
pounds from the springs. These bands, at a tempera- 
ture of 112 degrees, will sustain a tension of eighty-five 
pounds safely. Ihave now under construction a wheel 
6 in. in diameter, 2 in. wide, with bands three- 
fourths of an inch wide, that willsustain a tension of 150 
pounds. 

‘‘ A great many Curious and some rather startling facts 
have been developed through this machine, and a few of 
them may interest you. Applying cold, either in the 
way ofa blast of air or the application of a wet brush, to 
the cooling bands does not increase the speed of the 
machine ; the wet brush checks it. If the fly-wheel be 
loaded with bullets at its rim, to reduce its 
speeds say to 100 revolutions per minute, and a 


‘thermometer be suspended about an inch above 





JuLy 1, 1895. 






the mouth of the hood, the mercury will stand at about 
roo degrees Fahrenheit. If, then, the belt be thrown 
off the fly-wheel, and the reverse lever be put in such 
position that the motor still runs at the former rate, but 
does no work, the mercury instantly rises in the thermo- 
meter ; showing that the machine absorbs heat in pro- 
portion to the amount of work required of it. The 
amount of heat radiated from the cooling side of the 
motor, as tested by the thermometer, is the same in both 
instances. It is not, as some might suppose, the radiated 
heat that runs the machine; all the heat that is 
radiated is lost. There is a strong probability that 
metal bands, situated as these are, cool because 
they contract, rather than contract because they 
cool, and any cooling appliance simply robs the 
motor of so much necessary energy. 

“Tt also appears that a metal band heated under a 
progressively increasing tension has its capacity for 
absorbing heat-energy greatly increased ; at least, that is 
the only difference in the condition of the bands when 
they are made to do a great deal of work and when they 
are made to do but slight work, and the experiment 
stated above shows that the bands absorbed more heat 
when working at their full capacity than when they were 
not. I am not trying to advance any new theories of 
heat or of expansion, for I feelthat Iam quite ignorant 
when it comes to theory, but I am simply searching for 
truth. The statements I make are facts, and I can 
demonstrate them to anyone at any time.”’ 

The engraving represents a sectional side elevation of 
the motor, a loosely rotating wheel aaving an exterior 
expanding and contracting rim preferably made by sets 
of metallic bands arranged one alongside the other. The 
bands are subjected to the heat from gas burners, which 
open intoa hood on one side of the wheel, and the ends 
of each band pass over pulleys journaled in suitable bear- 
ings in the sides or spiders of the wheel, the two sets of 
bands passing over corresponding sets of alternately 
arranged pulleys. The ends of the bands, after passing 
over the pulleys, connect with links in the middle of the 
outer leaves of elliptical springs, the springs being 
attached, at the middle of their inner leaves, to rods 
secured in the sides of the wheel. The several 
bands are supported intermediate of their pulleys 
on posts, and the bands are connected at their middle by 
inwardly extending links, with levers fulcrumed in the 
sides of the wheel. Each link has a turn-buckle, whereby 
the length of the link may be increased or diminished, 
and the levers are connected by other links with a disc 
on acrank-arm on the shaft. The bands of each set 
connect at their ends with the same springs, and they 
connect by independent links with separate levers 
opposite each other and connected with opposite sides of 
the disc on the shaft. As a band is heated from the 
burners, its expansion releases a set of springs, whose 
closing power is exerted on the ends of another 
band, and through the two links and lever a pull 
is exerted on the disc to cause the wheel to rotate 
in the direction of the arrow. A similar operation takes 
place with the other bands. The motor is designed to be 
self-governing, the springs establishing a yielding con- 
nection between the bands and levers, to prevent the 
bands from breaking and take up slack until the rurning 
temperature is reached. A slight inaccuracy exists in the 
above cut. It shows the right lower lever staff as passing 
behind the elliptic spring, whereas it should pass in front 
of the spring the same as its fellow on the opposite side of 
the wheel. 





BEAR THIS IN MIND! 


W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs, Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly finished sewing niachines, so 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 hours’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use. 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval. W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, 8.E.—Apvr7, 


 ioeas 
, fai 
= a —E = 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 





MR. ROTHWELL PROSECUTED. 


In our last issue we reported the first stage of the prosecution 
of Mr. William Rothwell,a well-known sewing machine dealer 
and knitting machine manufacturer, of Bolton. Since our last 
report the following has transpired at the Bolton Police-court : 

Mr. Rothwell was charged on nine counts, Mr. Euatwistle on 
nine, and accused jointly in eleven.—Mr. Sutton, barrister, 
with whom was Mr. Rhodes, instructed by Messrs. Addleshaw 
& Warburton, appeared for the prosecution; Dr. Pankhurst, 
instructed by Mr. Dixon, represented Mr. Rothwell; and Mr, 
William Russell appeared on behalf of Mr. Entwistle. 

Mr. Sutton, in opening the case, said he intended to deal with 
the charge of conspiracy in connection with the affairs of the 
Rothwell Hosiery Company. ‘The case was one of some perplexity 
and length, and it would be necessary to give the history of the 
company from its formation down to 1891, when they found 
serious defaleations and falsifications were made. The only 
point, he thought, which the Court would have any difficulty about 
would be in saying whether the two prisoners were the persons 
who were responsible for the defalcations and falsifications. The 
company was incorporated on June 6th, 1886, with the small 
capital of £10,000, £3,000 of which were in A shares and £7,000 
in B shares. Counsel then read the agreement drawn up, the 
consideration Wm. Rothwell received in connection with the 
transfer of the company’s business being that he should have 
allotted to him £200 A shares; whilst asa director he was 
allowed a salary of £50 per annum with commission of 15 per 
cent. upon the net profits of the company. It was, therefore, a 
matter of great importance to Mr. Rothwell that the company 
should continue to flourish and exist and to an extent that would 
enable him to obtain the 15 per cent. commission, and permit of 
him retaining his position on the directorate. An important con- 
sideration was that the directors were, from the commencement, to 
take care that true accounts were to be kept of the stock-in-trade, 
and in connection with this point, counsel observed that the 
stock-in-trade was a part of the business which the auditors could 
not check, and with respect to which they had to rely upon 
information they received from persons responsible for its accuracy. 
The company held its first general meeting on February 28th, 1887, 
when a small loss was reported, and next year there was again a 
small loss. In July, 1881, there was another meeting, when a 
legitimate dividend of 5 percent. wasdeclared. Anextraordinary 
general meeting was held on August 9th same year, whereby the 
capital of the company was increased to £20,000, and it was 
subsequently decided that in future the stock should be taken by 
Mr. Rothwell and Mr. Entwistle, and it would be found that 
they in subsequent years had had a great deal to do with getting 
out the figures with regard to stock. In February, 1889, the 
published balance-sheet declared a dividend of 30 per cent., and 
showed the stock to be £12,140. InSeptember of the same year 
another dividend of 20 per cent. was declared, and the capital of 
the company was increased to £100,000. In the March fo owing 
another general meeting was held at which the stock was foun 
to be £36,632, and a dividend of 10 per cent. was declared. In 
the following April the capital was increased to £200,000, the 
Victoria Mills were purchased from Mr. Rothwell for £36,000, 
and a certain sum in cash for stock-in-trade and machinery, In 
order to raise the additional capital in November a prospectus was 
got out for the issue of new shares. The arrangement made with 
regard to the shares Mr. Rothwell received was a further 
inducement that the dividend was 10 per cent., otherwise he 
would not have got any dividend upon six thousand pounds worth 
of shares he held. On December 31st, 1890, the company issued e 
balance-sheet, in which raw materials, goods in process of manu- 
facture, and stock-in-trade in Bolton and London, were put down 
at £70,473 3s. 9d. On the other side appeared mortgage 
debentures, loans and cash owing to bankers, £40,996 16s. 7d., 
and sundry liabilities, £51,237. Messrs. Kevan were at this time 
the auditors of the company, and in their report they stated that 
the stock was taken on the value of the officials and directors, 
who vouched for the correctness of the same. Even then in 1890 
the rapidly growing stock-in-trade struck the attention of the 
auditors, and after this report Mr. Rothwell must, one would 
have supposed, felt more than ever the duty that was imposed 
upon him in seeing that the stock-in-trade was properly taken into 
account. It would be for the Court to consider when they came 
to deal with the stock in 1891 whether it was possible that the 
alterations and falsifications made in it could possibly have been 
made without Mr. Rothwell’s knowledge. The company’s position 
at that time was beginning to be one of considerable difficulty. 
They had been largely increasing their capital, always a dangerous 
thing to do; they had a very large overdraft from bankers, the 
latter were pressing to have the overdraft reduced, and the issue 
of shares and debentures had not been as successful as was 
anticipated. On March 26th, the directors passed a resolution that 
Mr. Rothwell and Mr. Entwistle should take steps to place the 
unissued share capital of the company. It was made evident to 
the directors that the company was running short of money, and 
it was decided to advertise for a loan at 5 per cent. interest, 
and a call was also made on the shareholders. Notwith- 
standing the peculiar position of the company, well known 
to the directors, they on July 28th declared an interim 
dividend of 10 per cent. Counsel, continuing, referred to 
the position of Mr. Johnson, another director, who, he 
said, continued a director throughout, but relied upon Mr. 
Rothwell and Mr. Entwistle, who practically managed the 
business. As to the amount of stock which, had it been as 
represented in the balance-sheet, a dividend of 10 per cent. would ° 
probly, notwithstanding pressure for money at the time, have 

een justified. The company put themselves in negotiation with 
Davidson, Cookson & Co., Liverpool, with a view to the latter 








16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 







helping them to raise money on debentures, but these gentlemen 
were not likely to lend their names to an issue of £65,000 unless 
they were satisfied by the persons to whom they were entitled to 
look for assurance that the affairs of the company were sound 
and financially prosperous. They therefore asked for the 
company’s accounts. Mr. Rothwell at this time saw a Mr. 
Lellow, who, on Mr. Rothwell’s assurance that the concern was 
prosperous, took sufficient shares to be placed on the directorate, 
which then comprised four. The balance-sheet of December 31st, 

1291, showed stock-in-trade to the enormous value of £103,795. 
Mr. Wade, the accountant, was assured by Mr. Rothwell that 
the stock had been taken at 124 per cent. off selling price, and as 
the result of the issue of the balance-sheet showing these figures 

_ they succeeded in placing £40,000 worth of debentures on the 

market. The auditors were called in at the last moment, and a 
summary of the balance-sheet was issued to the public, but was 
not signed by the ‘accountants because they were not satisfied 
with it. The real value of the stock ought to have been £85,000. 
These ‘balance-sheets were to have been destroyed, and there were 
substituted for them sheets which consisted in a large measure 
of duplicates. The value of the stock was also altered. 
£9,972 6s. 6d. represented mere repetition items, and 
£8,520 18s. ld. was produced by increasing the value of goods, 
Had these stock-sheets not been kept by a clerk named Salkeld, 
this fraud’ would never lave been discovered. Continuing, 
counsel said in 1894 it was found that things were going wrong all 
jzound, and when Mr. Halliday, an accountant, examined the books, 
he found there was an enormous deficiency. Mr. Rothwell, when 
spoken to about it, referred him to Mr. Entwistle, who was 
subsequently not to be found. Counsel then called the following 
evidence :— 

_Mr. James Carter, employed by Messrs. P. & J. Kevan, 
accountants, Bolton, said in reference to the balance-sheet, which 
was issued at the end of 1891, that his firm drew attention to 
several matters in the accounts, and that the summary issued 
was not signed by them because it did not contain the audtors’ 
report. At the shareholders’ meeting, in February, 1892, the 
stock was commented upon, but Mr. Rothwell said the stock 
was taken at cost price, less 24 per cent., and that the fact of so 
much money being sunk in stock was laudable, inasmuch as it 
would realise more than it was put down at. Messrs. Kevan 
did not make out any more balance-sheets after 1891.—By 
Dr. Pankhurst : The entries in the stock-book for 1891 showed 
a deduction of 124 per cent., amounting to £11,605. The 
summary laid before the shareholders’ meeting was no more than 
a mere arrangement, in short, of the figures contained in the 
balance-sheet signed by the firm. By Mr. Russell: He made no 
complaint to the shareholders’ meeting. If his firm had known 
there was anything wrong they would have complained to the 
shareholders.—Mr. J. W. Davidson (Messrs. Davidson, Cookson, 
& Co., Liverpool) gave evidence as to the negotiations for 
raising the debenture loan of £65,000. Mr. Rothwell stated that 
they were proposing to extend the buildings and business of the 
firm. He said they had paid large dividends, and that the 
business was a prosperous one. In consequence of that, witness 
laid the proposals before the directors of the insurance company, 
and witness afterwards inspected the mills, and also called upon 
Mr. Kevan.” ‘The prospectus for the debentures was subse- 
quently issued. In the conversation he had with Mr. Rothwell, he 
‘asked upon what principle the stock was valued. Mr. Rothwell 
replied that it was valued at what was considered cost price. 
Connsel-then took witness through the correspondence which led 
up to the Liverpool Mortgage Insurance Company advancing 
money upon debentures, the same to be a first charge upon the 
whole of the assets. Mr. Davidson said the arrangement was 
that the stock-in-trade and book debts should never fall below 
£100,000 in value. At that time he had seen the figure of 
£103,000 in the balance-sheet for December, 1891, but he told 
Mr. Rothwell at an interview that his people did not desize to 
place unnatural burdens upon the company. Mr. Rothwell 
replied that, in the ordnary course of carrying on his business, it 
was absolutely necessary that he should have the stock-in-trade 
and book debts at not less than £100,000. Witness added that 
as the result of the negotiations his company advanced 
£40,000, a clause in the indenture reading that the stock 
and book debts should not fall under £100,000 in value. On 
October 27th, 1894, the defendant holders took possession of 
the estate of the GeeENe and witness was appointed the receiver. 
On November 8rdfollowing, he went through the accounts and the 
-stock-sheets, and found a very heavy deficiency. The previous 
-month he had given a certificate to the effect that the stock had 
fallen below £100,000. The balance-sheet for the year ending 
March, 1894, showed £120,000 for stock-in-trade, and after that 
his firm watched the accounts, arid they calculated from the trade 
which had been done that the stock and book debts in November 
should have amounted to £95,000. When he took possession in 
‘November for the debenture holders he had the stock taken. The 
book debts and stock-in-trade amounted to £70,000, or a deficiency 
- of £25,000. The stock itself was valued at £52,664, it being 
estimated at 124 per cent. less than the selling prices. The book 
debts were all right, and the difference arose aa as to the stock. 
He drew Mr. Rothwell’s attention to the fact, but he denied any 
knowledge of it. Mr. Rothwell, who spoke passionately at the 
interview, called heaven to witness that he knew nothing of it, 

» and there was nothing else to be got out of him. He had had no 

explanation from Mr. Rothwell since as to the deficiency. In- 
' eross-examination by Dr. Pankhurst, the witness said that it was 
practically upon his advice the Mortgage Insurance Company 
“| advanced the sum of £40,000 to the Rothwell Hosiery Company. 
‘ Before the money was lent he had ample opportunity to go over 
‘the place, and he did not suggest anything that had been kept 
“hack. In February, 1892, his firm were appointed anditors to the 
Rothwell Hosiery Company, and when the prospectus was issued, 


JULY “1, 1895. 


in June of the same year, he was perfectly satisfied with every- 
thing. That prospectus was signed by four directors, 
and it bore the name of his firm as auditors.— Walter 
Morris, the next witness, said he was an artistic printer. 
He knew Salkeld, who formerly worked for the Rothwell Hosiery 
Company, and got from him the stock-sheets produced. He 
thought it would be Christmas of 1892 when he got the sheets 
from Salkeld. He religiously kept them, because he thought 
they would come in useful some day, and it appeared to him they 
had. He gaye them, just as he received them from Salkeld, to 
Mr. Addleshaw, the solicitor. Salkeld told him that Rothwell 
wanted him to destroy the stock-sheets, as they did not come up 
to a figure to allow of a dividend heing paid. At this point of 
the proceedings the Court rose. 

On the following day the hearing was resumed, when Mr. John 
Merrit Wade (Chalmers, Wade & Co., accountants, Liverpool) said 
that, in consequence of a communication from the Liverpool Mort- 
gage Insurance Company, he visited the works of the Rothwell 
Hosiery Company in February of 1892. He discussed the position of 
the company with Mr. Rothwell, and after going over the mills was 
shown the books and balance-sheets of the company for the 
previous two or three years. All the books he wanted were 
produced, including the stock book, the private ledger, and 
others. The stock book produced now was the one’ shown him, 
and it contained a summary of the stock in the manufacturing 
department at December 21st. The amount shown was £81,238 8s. 
for stock, and witness asked Mr. Rothwell particularly about it. 
Mr. Rothwell replied that the stock was taken at selling price, 
less.124 per cent. off, 24 per cent. being discount to customers 
and 10 per cent. estimated profit. Mr. Rothwell assured him 
that there would be no difficulty in disposing of the whole of the 
stock to wholesale houses at the prices shown. The spinning 
stock book was also shown him, and the figuzes therein contained 
were certified ay being correct by Entwistle and Lellow. The 
total amount of stock shewn for the two departments was over 
£103,000.—The next witness, Mr. Samuel Salkeld, said he was 
at one time employed by Messrs. Rylands & Son. Then he left 
and entered the employment of the Rothwell Hosiery Company. 
That would be in the latter part of 1890. He was engaged 
as correspondent, and remained in that capacity for a month, 
when he was made warehouse manager at a salary of £2 15s. per 
week. He took part in arriving at the warehouse stock for tlie 
year ending December, 1891, and explained the procedure. Rough 
sheets were first made out and then copied out. Before taking 
stock he asked Mr. Rothwell at what price he should take the 
stock. Mr. Rothwell said ** List price,” which meant the full 
selling price, and that was done both with regard to finished 
oods and goods in process of manufacture. After the sheets had 

een extended and added up, witness took them to the private 
office to Mr. Rothwell and Mr. Entwistle. Mr. Rothwell said 
they must make an alteration in the stock. Witness asked if the 
deficiency was a great one, and was told it was £10,000. He 
then said it could only be done by increasing the quantities in 
stock ox having the prices put up. Mr. Rothwell observed that 
the quantities should not be increased, as they had been checked 
by Mr. Johnson and Mr. Lellow. Witness was then told by Mr. 
Rothwell to increase the £40,000 worth of stock by 25 per cent. 
in prices, so as to make up the deficiency. Witness was told 
also to go somewhere where it should not be seen what he was 
doing, and it was decided that it was the mill stock which should 
be increased. That was mainly goods in the course of manu- 
facture. He and a clerk named Vause re-wrote the stock-sheets, 
and added to the price 25 per cent. The fresh ‘stock-sheets were 
handed in to the private office. Witness had previously been told 
by Mr. Rothwell to destroy the original sheets, but he did not. 
He locked them in his drawer at the office and subsequently took 
them home, where they were locked up. In December of 1892 he 
handed the original sheets, which he had ze-copied, to Mr. Morris, 
the printer. The stock-shects which were not 1e-written were 
included in the stock-sheets which had heen re-written by him. 
Some time during the same day Mr. Entwistle bi:ought the sheets 
back to him. Witness asked if they were all right, and Mr. 
Entwistle said, ‘‘ Yes, but I wish you had made it a little more, so 
as to have enabled us to discount the stock to a larger extent.” 
Witness asked how much more was wanted, and as the result of the 
conversation he was ordered to add another £4,000 by duplicating 
some of the sheets. This he did along with Vause, in one of the 
upper rooms, but in making his calculations he omitted the London 
and Manchester stocks, which amounted to more than £4,000, the 
result being that he had increased the stock by £8,000 instead of 
£4,000, as ordered by Mr. Entwistle. He submitted the sheets to 
Mr. Entwistle, and told him that he had made a mistake in 





increasing the prices £8,000 instead of £4,000. Mr, Entwistle 
said, ‘‘Oh, never mind, we willleave it as itis. Wecan discount 


the stock all the more.” Mr. Rothwell was present when that was 
said. Next day Mr. Entwistle and he went through the wool- 
spinning stock of what was called the Botany Wool Company. 
At the outset he said to Mr. Entwistle, ‘‘Js that wrong, too?” 
and Mr. Entwistle, smiling, said ‘‘ Yes.””. The rough stock-sheets 
were destroyed by a Mr. Herrick, who told him about it. Mr. 
Entwistle put the figuse ‘“‘1” in front of certain numbers in the 
rough stock-sheets, thus making, say, 726 into 1,726 and 1,240 
into 11,240. Witness, as well as Herrick, pointed out that this 
alteration was too glaring, and Mr. Entwistle then made altera- 
tions such as making 1,000 into 500, and soon, at random. 


-Witness added that his salary was increased by 5s. a week after 


the stock-taking was completed, the same to date from January Ist. 
Witness proceeded to explain how he came to leave the company’s 
service in December of 1892. He said, in effect, that he was 
stopped for certain alleged irregularities, and subsequently 
arrested at the instigation of Mr. Rothwell. Witness added that 
the object of Mr. Rothwell was to get rid of him and close his 
mouth, Mr. Rothwell told him that unless he left Bolton in 


Me Sei ote hie ks tae *, 





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18 , The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


re enema meammmmmmcciammaaamaaaae 
forty-eight hours he would haye him arrested, and, as a matter of 
fact, he was arrested one Saturday afternoon, The result of that 
was that the case was withdrawn by the prosecution at 
the Sessions, and he (Salkeld) acquitted.—Dr. Pankhurst 
cross-examired Salkeld. Witness denied that the Recorder 
on his trial said that in his opinion there had been the grossest 
irregularity in his (Salkeld’s) department through his 
mismanagement. What the Recorder said was that there had 
been irregularity. The Recorder did not say that there had been 
the grossest irregularity, which might involve more serious 
consequences, nor words to that effect.—By Mr. Russell: He 
denied having dissipated his wife’s fortune, or that he had 
been in the habit. of gambling.—Mr. Sam James Herrick 
said he entered the service of the company in March, 1890. 
He spoke to checking the stock in 1891. Mr Rothwell said there 
had been a loss, and witness replied that he could not account 
for it, He subsequently saw Salkeld and Entwistle together at 
the mill. Entwistle made certain alterations in the stock-sheets, 
which had since been destroyed. In answer to Mr. Russell, 
Herrick said he did not suggest that Entwistle had anything to 
gain, and had heard that all his shares in the company were 
forfeited. —Mr. W. P. Jacques, manager of the spinning depart- 
ment of the company, said that in the stock-taking previously 
referred to the quantities had been increased by 124 per cent. 
Moisture would not. produce this increase in the yarn, and he 
could not account for it. The Court then adjourned, and at 
the next hearing a number of witnesses were called to show 
that stock had been misrepresented in the books of the company, 
and also in the balance-sheets and prospectuses. A number of 
shareholders spoke to their being induced to invest theiz: money 
in the concern on the strength of these balance-sheets and 
prospectuses, and also in some cases on the persona] assurance of 
Mr. Rothwell that the concern was a flourishing one, and had a 
great future before it. In one case a Bolton dentist had under 
these circumstances, mvested £1,200 in shares, and others had 
been induced to invest various amounts.—Mr. Lellow and Mr. 
Johnson, two directors of the company, but who took no part 
in the management, spoke to being misled dy Mr. Rothwell. 
Mr. Lellow invested £1,000, and Mr. Johnson took up £3,000 
worth of shares and advanced £16,000, but for the latter amount 
he only got debentures for £3,500. Both these gentlemen spoke 
to taking part in the stocktaking, but said they had no notion 
that large alterations were made in the value of the stock after 
the sheets left their possession.—Mr. Sidney R. Maw, the next 
witness (accountant, Liverpool), spoke to discovering the mis- 
representations on examining the books. In one instance the 
stock was fictitiously advanced in value to the extent of £8,520, 
and the total falsifications for the year 1891 amounted to £18,304. 
In some instances the stock had been doubled, in others trebled 
in quantity and value. If the balance-sheet for 1891, when the 
company paid a dividend of 10 per cent. had been correct, it 
would have shown a loss of £4,541. From 1886 to 1894 Rothwell 
aid in cash to the company £5,930, and during the same period 
Ee received out in hard cash £25,354, whilst he was credited with 
other amounts which made this sum up into a total of £36,000. 
Rothwell had £6,000 worth of shares, upon which he was not to 
receive dividend unless 10 per cent. were paid to the shareholders. 
He received 15 per cent. commission upon that sum, but if the 
balance-sheet of 1891 had been correct, there would have been no 
profits from that date onward. In cross-examination, it was 
’ sought to show that Rothwell had pledged securities of the value 
of £51,000 for the benefit of the company, and that the cash he 
had received had also been disposed of in like manner. After 
sitting till after ten o’clock at night, the case was adjourned. 

The hearing was resumed on Wednesday, June 12th, when 
considerable interest was again manifested in the case by the 
public, the Court being, filled with spectators. The defendants 
were, as at the previous hearing, accommodated with seats at 
the solicitors’ table. a 

The first witness called was Edward Hughes, who, examined 
by Mr. Sutton, said he was security clerk in the Union Bank of 
Manchester, where Rothwell had an account. From January to 
June, 1892, his account was considerably overdrawn. Dr. 
Pankhurst objected; the bank books ought to be produced. 
The pass-book produced showed that the account was overdrawn. 
The bank had as securities shares in the Rothwell Hosiery 
Company, Limited, and William Rothwell & Co., Limited. 
There were also deeds on some property—the Albert Works. 
He produced a copy of the memorandum of these securities. The 
shares were now not worth anything; the only security was the 
property. Mr. Sutton: We all know the company is in liquida- 
tion. Dr. Pankhurst: That isa very unnecessary and prejudicing 
remark. Mr. Sutton: My friend seems very dictatorial this 
morning. Dy. Pankhurst: Not at all; I only wish to keep you 
regular, Alderman Nicholson: I hope we shall all bear and 
forbear with each other.—Colonel Winder said the Act which had 
been produced showed the bank books were evidence, if the entries 
had been examined with the original entries and found correct. 
The witness said the entries had not been examined. Some discus- 
sion ensued between the counsel on the point, and ultimately Mr. 
Sutton said he would send for the original bank books. Examina- 
tion continued : The witness said that during J anuary Ist and June 
30th there was a debit balance of over £20,000. ‘°Cross-examined 
by Dr. Pankhurst : A deposit was made of fshares of July, 1889. 
There were now £7 paid on some of the shares deposited. As 
appeared on the face of the W. Rothwell Company shares deposited 
the cash paid was £13,360. On the Rothwell Hosiery Company 
shares there were 110 A shares, with £10 paid, the total being 
£1,100; 400 B shares, £10 paid, being £4,000; 3,670 shares, £10 
paid, total £36,700, deducting over 600 as not available for 
security. There were also deposited 2,670 ordinary £10 shares 
on which £2 was paid, making £5,340. Upon these was not cS 
further £1 paid !—Not to my knowledge. Assuming these two 













ry 


Jury 1, 1895. 





points, that 480 shares were raised in payment from £5 to £7, and 
assuming that 2,670 were raised from £2 to £3 paid, would not 
that give a total of payments of £47,810 in the Hosiery Company, 
and £13,360 in the Rothwell Company, that was a total of 
£63,170?—Yes, but I do not admit the assumption. Witness did 
not think the Albert Works, land, and cottages would be worth 
£10,000 ; he was not a valuer, but he had an idea of value. The 
property was not valued for the bank. Mr. Rothwell’s word was 
taken. The shares, assuming that £63,170 had been paid upon 
them, and that the praperty was worth £10,000, the amount of 
deposit would be £73,170, but he did not think that was their 
value. Mr. Rothwell was also guarantor for the Rothwell Hosiery 
Company. Re-examined : If the shares had been worth their face 
value, they would have had sufficient security, but if the shares 
were worthless to that extent, they had no security. The over- 
draft of the Rothwell Hosiery Company, for which Mr. Rothwell 


was guarantor, was about £60,000.—Mr. Rothwell: Nonsense ;. 


he says it was £60,000, and it was not £12,000. ‘ 

At the request’ of Mr. Russell, the witness Thomas Hayward, 
manager of the finishing department, was placed in the box for 
cross-examination. He said he entered the service of the company 
in 1891, and assisted at all the stock-takings up to 1894. He 
admitted that if goods were removed from his department to the 
London or Glasgow warehouses such goods would not be under his 
charge, Re-examined : Stock could not be removed from his 
department except in small quantities without his knowledge. 
Mr. Sutton said this completed the case. 

Dr. Pankhurst then rose to address the Court, remarking that 
he had only a few words to say. 2 

The Chairman said he was loth to interrupt Dr. Pankhurst, 
but he thought the proper course would be for Dr. Pankhurst to 
address the Court after the depositions had been read. 

Dr. Pankhurst agreed that this was the proper course, and the 
Magistrates’ Clerk (Colonel Winder), then read the depositions. The 
reading over of the depositions occupied several hours; and the de- 
fendants were separately charged, but had nothing to say in reply. 

Dr. Pankhurst then addressed the Bench in defence of Mr. 
Rothwell, remarking that from the foundation of the company to 
this hour Mr. Rothwell had never for his benefit received out of 
the company one penny. He called their attention to the state- 
ment of the witness, Mr. Maw, that Mr. Rothwell had drawn in 
cash from the company £25,000. He referred to that statement 
for this reason, that the very same witness had shown that more 
than £25,000 had gone back into the company, and in fact that 
not a penny was derived from that source, nor from any source 
had he received a single penny for his own benefit. In the 
second place, it was suggested that the stock and the value of 
the assets were inflated from 1891. He asked the atten- 
tion of the Bench to the fact that from that day to this Mr. 
Rothwell had neyer sold a share in the company, but, on the 
contrary, he had bought shares, and paidin hard cash for these 
shares over £2,000. Inthe third place, he wished, to Say that Mr. 
Rothwell, in support and in aid of the company, deposited shares 
and loan money and his private estate for its benefit. . The amount 
which from time to time he had deposited was very large indeed. 
If they took the deposit at the time it was made, which was the 
only time when a judgment fair and just of the value of the 
deposits could be made, they saw that in order to keep 
the company in credit in finance two banks were made the places 
of deposit—the Union Bank and Parr’s Bank. Mr. Rothwell, the 
founder of the company, was entirely devoted to its welfare, and 
deposited with the Union Bank shares to the value of £49,800, 
which, together with the Albert Works, the land, cottages, and 
shares in the Machinery Company, aggregated in value to over 
£73,000. With-Parr’s Banking Company Mr. Rothwell deposited 
the deeds of his house and loan money in the Hosiery and Machine 
Company to the extent of £11,000, making a total sum advanced 
as security for the company of £84,000. These figures were not 
exaggerated, but represented the solid value of the securities at 
the time they were deposited. Here they had Mr. Rothwell 
coming forward to introduce a new industry, ‘an industry in which 
his skill and knowledge were of the highest importance and of the 
most original character. He founded the Rothwell Hosiery 
Company and financed it down to the last penny... However solid, 
substantial, and sufficient was the answer which Mr. Rothwell had 
to the charge, he should reserve the defence of his client until a 
future occasion.—Mr. Russell, for the defence of Mr. Entwistle, 
said if his client had been charged alone he, Hike his friend Dr. 
Pankhurst, would have reserved his defence, butinasmuch as they 
were charged together he wished to point out, after four days 
hearing, how weak was the case. The prosecution had undertaken 
to establish, first, that there was a case to go before the 
jury, inasmuch as there had been irregularity in the books 
of the company, and secondly, that they had been acting 
in concert ; that Mr. Rothwell, who was the founder 
of the company, had acted in concert with one of his servants. 
Entwistle was made a director, it was true, but the Bench had 
heard in what fashion Entwistle was placed. Only two witnesses 


whom he would leave entirely in the hands of the Bench, and 
the witness Morris, who spoke to circumstances in 1894, when 
Entwistle had left the company. The magistrates were asked 
to believe that the defendants had been conspiring after 
Entwistle had left the company. The Bench were asked to 
believe that the defendants deliberately planned and schemed 
together. There was no evidence of that fact, and he submitted 
he had no case to answer. In the case the “Queen v. Taylor 
and Smith,” it was shown that in order to establish the charge 
of conspiracy it must be proved that there must be acting in 
concert. Let the prosecution charge his client singly, and he had 
an answer forthcoming. 
matter was a very serious one to him. He left the case in the 
hands of the magistrates, ? 





were called to prove the alleged acting in ‘concert—Mr. Salkeld, ~ 


His client was a poor man, and the - 


Jury 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 19 
Cee eee nee eee eee ———— ee 


GAUTION. 


Cbereas in an action brought in the High 
Court of Justice (Chancery Division) by THE S/NGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY against a firm who offered for sale 
Sewing Machines not made by JHE SINGER MANUFAC- 
TURING COMPANY as “Improved Singer Machines” and 





Oe 's Improved Singer Machines,” Mr. Justice Romer 
gave judgment in favour of THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY and restrained the defendants from using the 
trade name “Singer” in any way calculated to deceive, 


And tulereas rye sioce manuracrurne 


COMPANY have received from numerous dealers who have 
also wrongfully used their trade name “Singer” apologies 
and undertakings not to again use the name in a manner 


calculated to deceive, and have paid damages and 


costs, 


Datice is hereby given that THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY will proceed against all persons using 
their trade name “Singer” contrary to the said judgment 


of Mr. Justice Romer or otherwise wrongfully, 


GILBERT D. WANSBROUGH, 
39; Foster Lane, London,’ E.C. 
Solicitor to Jhe Singer Manufacturing Company. 


20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


en os se, 
= The magistrates retired at 2.20, and after an absence of seven 
minutes returned into Court, Alderman Nicholson announcing 
that the defendants were committed to take their trial at the 
next Assizes, 

Mr. Sutton said that the case was one of importance and 
expense, and he suggested that it was one in which the Public 
Prosecutor should be approached to take it up. Colonel Winder 
said the Chief Constable would be bound over to appear. 

The witnesses having been bound over, Dz Pankhurst asked 
for bail. For months they had a knogwledge of those proceedings, 
and Mr., Rothwell had always been anxious to answer those 
allegations, showing his utmost readiness to meet whatever 
might be urged against him. Mr. Russell asked for moderate 
bail on behalf of his client, considering his circumstances. 

Alderman Nicholson said the Bench had considered the question, 
and, considering the gravity of the case, and the amount involved, 
thought that it would not be too much to put the bail at, in the case 
of Mr. Rothwell £500, with two sureties of £250 each; and in the 
case of Mr. Entwistle £300, with two sureties of £150 each. 

Mr. Sutton suggested that their Worxships should commit the 
defendants on four of the charges, as the evidence in each of the 
cases was entirely the same. 

Dr. Pankhurst objected to the Bench committing on any 
charge except the particular one on which evidence had been 
given, as any such proceeding would be contrary both to practice 
and principle.—Mr. Russell took similar objection on behalf of 
Mr. Entwistle. 

The Bench again retired to consider this point. On seturning, 
Alderman Nicholson said the defendants were committed on the 
charges included in the summonses numbered 27 and 29 only. 
Mr. Sutton’s deputy said the prosecution withdrew the other 
charges. . 

The summons 27 stated that the defendants unlawfully 
conspired together to misrepresent the actual state of affairs of the 
Rothwell Hosiery Company for the year ending December 31st, 1891, 
namely, that the net profit had been £13,184, and that after 

aying a dividend of 10 per cent. for the half-year ending 
Pe enter 31st, and after placing £2,000 to the veserve fund, there 
was a balance of £1,156, whereas the business had been carried 
on at aloss. Summons 29 charged the defendants with having, 
on February 12th, 1892, misrepresented to the Liverpoo! Mortgage 
Insurance Company, Limited, the actual state of affairs, whereby 
the sum of £65,000 was advanced to the Rothwell Hosiery 
Company, the stock, &c., being stated at £103,795 3s. 8d., whereas 
it was only £85,302. The defendants were then bound over, and 
the case concluded. 
















































































Mr. A. J. Fear, ironmonger, 40, Pevensey Road, East- 
bourne, has added a domestic machinery department to 
his business. 


The Singer Manufacturing Company have closed their 


depot in, Hanover Street, and removed to 122, Princes 
Street, Edinburgh. 


_ Mr. J. Redstone, dealer in sewing machines, has 
removed from Norwich to New Buildings, St. Matthew 
Street, Ipswich. 


a 


Mr. W. J. Frost desires the trade to know that the 
domestic machinery business which he is carrying on at 
12, Blackfriars Road, Great Yarmouth, succeeded to that 
of Mr. List, of King Street, in the same town. 


Mr. George W. Phillips has just returned from a 
business tour through France, Belgium, and Switzerland, 
and reports most favourably as to the orders he booked 
for the “Vertical Feed” and ‘‘ Advance” sewing 
machines. : 


& 

The Gebruder Nothmann, of “Berlin, who are repre- 
sented in this country by Mr. E. Rausnitz, of 184, 
Aldersgate Street, E.C., are introducing a new rotary 
shuttle machine, of which particulars can be obtained on 
application. 


* 


* Ow 
* 

Messrs. Reay & Coxon (both late in the employ of the 
Singer Manufacturing Company) have commenced busi- 
ness at 11, Market Street, Hetton-le-Hole, R.S.O., for the 
sale of the New Home sewing machine, also wringers, 
prams, and musical instruments. 


Mr. H. Garland, London representative for Messrs. 
Wells & Co., the Birmingham perambulator manu- 
facturers, and for Messrs. W. & S. Summerscaies’ Sons, 
owing to increasing business, has removed from, 18, 
Hatton Garden to 30, Gray’s Inn Road, W.C. 








Jury I, 1895. 





At the recent Belfast Industrial Exhibition the 
Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company showed a 
large number of their various sewing machines working 
by power, the stand being in the charge of Messrs. 
Ferguson & MacRae, the Belfast agents for the company, 


Mr. C. Minor, who for the past eleven years was in 
the service of Messrs. Wheeler & Gee, Limited,as secretary, 
has just ‘commenced business on his own account. 
Messrs. C. Minor & Co. will deal in sewing machines, 
perambulators, mangles, jewellery, musical instruments, 
&c., at 216, Castle Road, Cardiff. 


a e 

Mr. T. Wass, after being ten years with the Singer 
Manufacturing Company — four at Nottingham as 
Superintendent, and latterly with the Company at 
Lincoln—has resigned his position, and started business 
on his own account at 69, Birkin Avenue, Hyson Green, 
Nottingham. Here he will deal in furniture, cycles, 
musical instruments, and all kinds of domestic machinery. 


= * 


The Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Company, 
or, to describe them by their American name, the Davis 
Sewing Machine Company, of Dayton, Ohio, have taken 
the lead set them by most of the European sewing 
machine companies, and just started to manufacture - 
cycles. We have before us their first trade circular, 
which states that they only intend to make the highest 
grade bicycles, ranging in weight from 18 to 25 Ib. 


* 

Mr. Thomas Nolan, for twenty years managing partner 
in the well-known Manchester firm of Messrs. John Gough 
& Co., has purchased the business lately carried on by 
Messrs. Clarkson & Potter, in Great Eastern Street, E.C. 
Under the style of Thomas Nolan & Co., the firm 
will manufacture overmantels and mirrors, also act as 
sole agents for Messrs. John Gough & Co., for London 
and the south of England, for furniture, perambulators, 
cycles, trunks, &c. 

* 

We have had sent to us a cutting from the Weeély 
Press, of Christchurch, New Zealand, referring to a 
sewing machine called the ‘‘ Victory,” which has recently 
been imported into the Australian colonies by Hallen- 
stein Bros., of the New Zealand Clothing Factory. The 
Weekly Press adds, “ Messrs. Hallenstein Bros. have fixed 
the prices of the various designs extremely reasonable, 
viz.: Hand machines, £5 10s.; treadle, £8 10s.; com- 
bined hand and treadle, £9 ros. ; treadle, with extension 
table and four drawers, £10 10s. Although the first 
shipment comprises 100 machines, it is safe to predict a 
rapid sale will be effected, and the ‘Victory’ an esta- 
blished favourite with colonists.” 








OBSTRU CTING THE FOOTPATH WITH 
PRAMS. 


During the past month there have been the following 
cases of obstruction, which should act as a warning to 
our readers :— 

Mr. R. F. Hickman, bicycle and perambulator dealer, of 29, High 
Street, Kingston, was summoned at the Kingston Police Court, for 
allowing an obstruction of four bicycles and a perambulator to remain 
on the foothpath for a period of two hours, on May 13th.—The defen- 
dant said he was away at the time the offence was committed, and 
although he knew the machines had no business to be on the pavement 
he did not think any obstruction had been caused.—As two previous 
convictions for a similar offence were recorded against defendant, he 
was fined 20s. and 2s. costs. 

= 

At the Halifax Police Court, on June 14th, Mr. Samuel Vincent 
Shaw, of Commercial Street, Halifax, was summoned for obstructing 
the footway on June 6th.—Police-constable Hartley stated that on 
the day in question there were about a dozen perambulators standing 
near the defendant’s shop for quite an hour and a half.—The defen- 
dant: Do’you know a perambulator when you see one ?—Witness: Yes. 
A four-wheeled one. (Laughter.)—The cetendant said they were 
mail-carts, consequently the summons was amended, and he was fined 
10s. and 5s. 6d. costs. 





WANTED, INFORMATION +,e any _ sewing 
machine (past or present) with toothed feed, ring driven, 
with pinion on same shaft, a rachet wheel actuated by 
lever and pawl. Will any employe of Old Howe Com- 
pany communicate with “ Ratchet,” care of the Sewing 
Machine Gazette, 28, Paternoster Road, London, E.C. 


Ne ee et te et He ki, 








Jury 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


A REVOLUTIONARY MACHINE. 
Startling Reductions in Prices to Dealers | 


Lists in Preparation. Enquiries Inwited. 
COSSOSHSSHSSSHSHSSHO SHH SHG SHS PODGGOGH OHSS OH GOO HOS H OOO OO OD 














Showing Bobbin in Position, REVOLVING SHUTTER BOX. Showing Bobbin Out 


For Accessories and Attachments. 










































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































The Cover for ave renee 





EEE eee —$——$$—$ 
2000000 0006060000000 9500000000080 OO OOOOH OD OECD DES OPDOD CS POE LPPOOOP OD PO POROP LOOMS 
SSS EEE EES ESSE AD ADB ABBA I ALLL iin bk aha te ie IES 


WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING Co., 


6 to 11, PAUL STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON, E.C. 


Maw 





22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 

















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Sa as 








THE INTERNATIONAL MUSIC TRADES 
EXHIBITION. 


This Exhibition opened on the 13th ult., and was 
continued till the 24th, in the Royal Agricultural Hail, 
and was supperted by a large number of manufacturers. 
The stands, &c., occupied almost the whole of the ground 
floor. 

We do not purpose giving a complete report of the 
exhibits, as they were too nurnerous for this purpose, 
but we follow on with a few details of a number of the 
many stands :— 

Messrs. J. Brinsmead and Sons, of 18, Wigmore Street, 
showed a model built with their latest improvements, 
comprising the adjustable sounding board, check repeater, 
and their specially useful screw tuning pins. 

Messrs. Lipp and Son, whose instruments are valued 
abroad, exhibited high-class pianos, noticeable among 
which was a pretty upright grand, possessing a tone of 
beautiful quality, and having the firm’s touch-regulator 
fitted—an ingenious contrivance recently invented by 
them. 

Messrs. L. Blankenstein and Co., 135, Finsbury Pave- 
ment, E.C., had a very representative selection of 
instruments, among which were many pianos of first- 
class construction, very solidly built, and saleable at a 
low figure. In addition the Miller American Organ 
Company, whom Messrs. Blankenstein represent, had a 
good show on this stand, among which we observed a 
very compact instrument in solid walnut, with one or 
two rows of reeds—an organ which should command a 
ready sale at the low figure quoted. The sole repre- 
sentation of Carl Mand’s pianos is also with this firm, 
and a good show was given of these well-known 
instruments, 

Messrs. S. and P. Erard, of Great Marlborough 
Street, were well to the fore, some elegant and artistic 
pianos being exhibited. Among the various styles we 
noticed the “ Sheraton,’ “ Chippendale,’ ‘ Louis 
Quinze,” and others of tasteful and costly design. 
Noticeable also was a well-finished cottage, one of their 
latest models, and their new patent resonator was also 
shown. 

Messrs. Brindley and Foster exhibited their large 
organs, a two-manual built on a new modei being an 
attractive feature. 

Messrs. £, Ascherberg and Co. had as a special exhibit an 
electrical piano, which received much observation. They 
also had on their stand an elegant looking saloon grand 
and several cottage grands. 

Messrs. E. Hirsch and Co., who are the London 
representatives of Messrs. Schiedmayer & Sons, Stutt- 
gart, exhibited several of the high-class instruments of 
this old-established firm, among which we specially noted 
a drawing-room cottage having a particularly fine tone. 

Missrs. Geo. Rogers and Sons had a good assortment of 
their reliable pianos on show. A class “A” instrument, 
a horizontal grand, 6 ft. 8 in. long, in a handsome case, 
looked cheap at 40 guineas, whilst their cottage pianos 
appeared also to be of excellent value. A specially con- 
structed piano, the *‘ Vocalist,” only 3 ft. 7 in. high, so built 
that a vocalist could play his or her own accompaniment 
and be in sight of the audience, received a goodly share 
of attention. 

Messrs. J. G. Murdoch and Co., Limited, showed a 
variety of organs, noticeable among which were those of 
the Lyon & Healy and Carpenter Companies. This 
latter company exhibited instruments for both the house- 
hold and church, seven in all, whilst the Lyon & Healy Co. 
had on show the Peloubet church organ, a powerfully con- 
structed and splendid specimen of workmanship with two 
manuals and pedals. The price is 250 guineas. 

Messrs. B. Squire and Sons, 38, Stanhope Street, Euston 
Road, had a large show of their models, the instruments 
being from their ordinary stock. The stand was large and 





. JULY 1, 1895. 





well placed, and contained a selection of about a dozen 
capital pianos of various designs. 

The Bell Organ Company were well in evidence, and 
the workmanship, style, finish, and excellence of their 
exhibits was quite upto their usual high standard. The 
ingenious ‘‘Scribner’s Qualifying Tubes,” titted to some 
of their instruments, gave gratifying results. ; 

The Bord Pianos were exhibited on the stall of Messrs. 
C. Styles & Co., and there was a happy selection of the 
various models of the well-known maker, including an up- 
right grand and a bijou overstrung instrument; both of 
which were cheap and handsome. 

Messrs. Story and Clark had on their capacious stand 
many of their well-known organs, the “ Pedal Practice 
Organ,” and a nine-set organ with the addition of a set of 
Roman pipes, two feet, and also the 8-feet ‘‘ La Perfection ”’ 
—an imitation harp—being specially noticeable. Two 
Story & Clark and two Wagner pianos were also shown. 

Lhe Simtth American Organ Company had a show of 
their instruments, at all prices, all of good workmanship, 
and all high quality. 

Messrs. F. Spencer and Co., Regent’s Park, exhibited 
their well-known “ Spencer’ Pianofortes, their class 2B 
being well made and reliable at 30 guineas, and the 100- 
guinea Boudoir piano being full and rich in tone, and of 
very tasteful finish. 

The Schreiber Piano and Organ Company, among 
their large selection of instruments, had some in 
which were fitted the “Schreiber Resonator,” an 
improvement to develop and perfect the tone of piano- 
fortes. The Piano “‘ Model N,’’ a moderate priced instru- 
ment, at 4o guineas, was a pretty instrument, and looked 
thoroughly reliable. 

Messrs. F. Strohmenger and Sons, Goswell Road, 
exhibited among other instruments their style 3 upright 
grand, with complete iron frame, overstrung, full trichord, 
and under-damper action. This was in a handsome burr 
walnut case, and stood 4 ft. 3 in, high. They also had 
on show two grands, of the “ Mignon’) pattern, by 
Gebruder Knake, of Munster, Westphalia. 

The Hope Jones Electrical Organ Company, Limtted, 
had asa special attraction the model of a three-manual 
key-board of an instrument recently built for a suburban 
church by the firm. 

Messrs. Beale and Thynne exhibited specimens of their 
patent Tracker pneumatic, with tracker, tubular pneu- 
matic, and ele:tric pneumatic actions in use by the 
firm. 

The Bridgeport Organ Company exhibited five instru- 
ments, among them the “President” organ, a £65 
instrument, which appgared to be well worth the money.’ 
The Mittag pianos were also shown here, and among - 
them the “ Perfect Transposing Pianos,” the main point 
claimed being their simplicity and facility of working. 

Mr. W. Squere, 48, Bayham Street, Camden Town, 
exhibited five instruments, characterised by good work 
and attention to details. 

Messrs. Malcolm and Co., 116, Bayham Street, N.W., 
made a good show with their organs, of which eleven 
different types were exhibited. 

The Kimball Organ Company, agent Mr. R. M. 
Maples, Cripplegate Buildings, Wood Street, exhibited 
several organs, the most important being a two-manual 
portable pipe organ ; a few pianos of specially fine finish 
were also shown. 

Messrs. W. Sames, Limtted, exhibited several pianos 
and organs, among the latter being their ‘ Vesper,” 
“Premier,” and “‘ College” types. 

Messrs. W. R. Yates and Sons showed three classes of 
instruments, pianos with handsome fittings and of solid 
appearance, 

The Anglo-American Piano Company.—Mr. Brasted 
had five pianos on show, fitted with Brasted’s patent 
check simplex action. 

Messrs. J. Rentoul and Son, Patshull Road, exhibited 
several new models, and for three claimed special 
advantages on the score of their new design and fine 
nesso tone. 

Mr. &. Whitfield, Birmingham, exhibited sixteen 
iron frames for pianos. 

Messrs. Laurtvat and Co., Berners Street.—This well- 
known Berlin firm showed their latest achievements in 
pianos, the “Emperor” models, of pretty’ design, 
excellent finish, and full value for money. 

Messrs. J. Strong and Sons exhibited excellent 


Juty 1, 1895, 





specimens of pianos specially adapted for hot climates, 
in the manufacture of which class of piano they have been 
particularly successful. 

Brass instruments were shown at the stands of Messrs. 
Boosey & Co. and Besson & Co.; reeds by Messrs. 
Rudal, Carte, & Co. ; and violins by G. Withers & Co. 








Failures and Arrangements. 


THOMAS HARGREAVES, sewing machine agent, &c., Market 
Hall, and 29, Robert Street, Burnley. 

A deed of arrangement, dated May 16th, was filed on May 22nd, 

providing for a composition of 15s. in the pound, payable 12s. 6d. 

on June Ist, and 2s. 6d. on September Ist next, secured by a Surety. 





Unsecured liabilities, £209 lls. 6d.; estimated net assets, 
£63 17s. 3d. The following are the principal creditors :— | 
Gh ls 
Nothmann Gebr. London ...._.... oe So WO) 
Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Company ... son AL A) © 
Sellers, W., & Sons, Keighley ‘ as eS) OO: 
Summerscales, W., & Sons, Limited ee Ves (O90: 


JOHN FALAHEE, musical instrument and domestic machinery 
dealer, 22, West Green Road, South Tottenham, N. — 
A deed of arrangement, dated June 8th, was filed herein on the 


14th ult. Unsecured liabilities, £1,652 18s. 3d.; estimated net 

assets, £358 16s. 7d.; secured creditors, £178 6s. Among the 
creditors we notice the following :— ; 
45. fs Gl 
American Wringer Company are eh Plo On 0) 
Nothmann Gebr. a Aa ae an a2. O70 
White Sewing Machine Company ... nee n35, 3 Ad) 
Entwistle & Kenyon, Accrington ... ae ZO ONO 
Wells, G. H. & Co., Birmingham ... a6 Pe Gr ONO) 

Cherry Tree Machine Company, Limited, Cherry 

Bree) eres Bo HG 609 cn ace arn os DD) 
Summerscales, W., & Sons, Limited, Keighley ... 36 0 0 
Bradbury & Co., Limited, Oldham... NOW Oke O 


North London Engineering Company, Limited, 
Waltham Cross va a ats 036 coo 6 8) @ © 

CHARLES W. JOHNS, irvonmonger, dealer in perambulators, 
&e., 231-233, Upper Street, Islington, N. 

A deed of arrangement has been executed in the above, dated 
June 20th, filed June 2Ist. Unsecured liabilities, £5,926 4s. 6d. ; 
estimated net assets, £4,845 19s. 1d. ; secured creditors, £1,329 14s. 
Among the creditors are Mr. T. Hardstaff, Nottingham, £28, 
and the Star Manufacturing Company, London, £45. 

GROVER & WOOD (J. W. Grover & J. Wood, trading as), 
sewing machine stand and harmonium manufacturers, 62, 
Glengall Road, Old Kent Road, 5. E. 

In this case there was made on the 23rd, and filed on the 28th 





and Sewing Machine Gazette, 23 


ult., a deed of assignment with a view to the payment of a composi- 
tion of 7s. 6d. in the pound, The joint liabilities are £825 7s, 11d., 
and the assets £75 16s. 6d. Mr. A. R. Rule; Hoxtoa, is appointed 
trustee. The separate estate of Mr. James Wood shows secured 
liabilities £300, and net assets £270. 
MARK H. ANDREWS, sewing machine agent, late Farmer, 
Tattershall, & Thorpe. 

The above has been adjudicated bankrupt, with liabilities 

£300 15s., and assets £13 10s. 


COMBINATION LOCK AND CHAIN STITCH SEWiNG 
MACHINE AND ATTACHMENT SYNDICATE, 
LIMITED. 


On June llth, a petition for the winding up of the above 
company was presented by Messrs. W. G. Brighten and A. W. 
Lemon, of 108, Fenchurch Street, E.C. The petition is down for 
hearing at the Royal Courts of Justice, Strand, to-day (July Ist). 
RUFUS BERRY, wringing machine makez, Keighley. 

The report and observations of the Official Receiver under this 
failure are to the following effect. Eleven years ago, the debtor 
and a Mr. David Butterfield commenced business in partnership 
under the style of ‘‘Berry & Butterfield”? as wringing machine 
makers, at Keighley. They had £580 capital, of which £300 was 
borrowed money. ‘The partnership was dissolved in September, 
1891, Mr. Butterfield retizing with £450 as the value of his share 
of the assets. The debtor has since continued the business ou 
his own account, but without success. Competition has been 
keen, and prices have twice been reduced, the total reduction 
being 4s. 6d. per machine. Besides this he has also lost £500 in 
bad debts. About a month ago, being unable to meet his 
payments as they became due, he called his creditors together. 
A composition of 11s. in the pound was offered, but it was not 
unanimously accepted, and an execution being levied on his effects, 
he filed his petition in bankruptcy. His books of accounts com- 
prise cash book, day book, invoice book, delivery book and ledger. 
—The statement of affairs filed by the debtor shows liabilities 
amounting to £1,470 2s. 1d., and the assets, after deducting the 
claims of preferential creditors payable in full, are seturned at 
£893 0s. 7d. Mr William Roberts, sen., accountant, Keighley, 
has been appointed trustee. Messrs. Varley & Wolfenden, 
Keighley, are creditors for £19 8s. 
JOSEPH J. THOMASON, 

Worcester. 

A deed of arrangement, dated June 15th, and filed June 18th, 
herein provides for the payment of a composition of 12s. 6d. in 
the pound by 3s. 6d. on September 17th, and the balance by three 
instalments of 3s. each on December 17th, 1895, March 17th, 
and June 17th, 1896, respectively, the payments to be secured by 
an assignment. Certain creditors have agreed to postpone their 
claims. Unsecured liabilities, £5,339 5s. 3d. Estimated net assets, 
£3,706 17s. 2d. Among the creditors are the Bissell Carpet 
Sweeper Company, London, £12; and the Wheeler & Wilson 
Manufacturing Company, London, £25. 


ironmonger, Silver Street, 


Tr. Locke TT, 


Patentee and Manufacturer of Bassinettes, Mail Carts, Invalid Carriages, Rocking Horses, 



























































SITY ST 


Toy Cycles, Safety Horses, Bamboo and Wicker Furniture, &c. 

















PRICE LISTS FREE ON 
APPLICATION. 


EAM WORKS, MARK LANE, PERSHORE ST.. 
BIRMINGHAM. 


24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JULY 1, 1895. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 
TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 
Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 


AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON APPLICATION, AND INSPECTION INVITED: 


MDADADAL DALI IOI III I II 


THE BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, ITD., 
Be OO RN eee 


HARROP’S 
DOUBLE RALEIGH CAR. 


Provisional Patent No. 14,203. 

The Most PEE poe Combination ir the Market. 
. The demand 
for this 
Combination 
far exceeds 





BABY 
CARRIAGE “We 


AND 


“MAIL CART C""/ 
COMBINED. 


any previous 
Sale. 


——o——__ 


All Dealers 
should handle 
this. 


——_9 ——— 


Lists sent 
on 


Convertible to 








3 Positions. 





Application. 















































5S, VT B | STREET (off OLDHAM STREET), 


WLAR CEES TE rR. 











W. FOSTER & CO, 


46, BARR STREET, BIRMINGEHAMD.,. | 


The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 


JuLy 5, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 


 HOUSEHC 


THE 


LO” CLOTHES WRINGER, 


VPOPHSE SHO HPOSSHSOHOSHSSHSOSOOHOOSS 


SPECIAL FEATURES. 


The “ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for the 
Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be suppliedtoany but bona-jide Hire- 


Purchase Dealers. 
The “« HOUSEHOLD”? WRINGER is made throughout of the very best 
materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on the Hire 


System. a 
The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering of a 
Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft and 
cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The “ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or } 


shape. 
Considering the quality of the materials used, the ‘HOUSEHOLD ” 4 


WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 
eee ee ee eal) 


This Machine is now fitted with BRASS BEARINGS 
without extra charge. 


QUALITY AND FINISH UNEQUALLED. = 











A few SOLE AGENTS required in Districts where not represented. Fall ~ i 
particulars on application. . 


AMERICAN WRINGER CO., | 


122 Southwark Street, LONDON, SE. | 


PRAM TYRES. 


We have a large Stock of TYRES 
ready for delivery, 1 in Sine io., andes im 
for Wheels 12 in. to 26 in. eee 10d. lb. 
28 Ib. lots at 9d. For all kinds of Garments, with specal 
automatic attachments. } 


Send size of wheels when ordering. BIERNATZKI & CO., - 
TYRE CEMENT, Extra Quality, 9d. Ib. ee ONS AD & 


OIL. 


4 oz. Bottles ol 24s. Od. per gross 





GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 4 
Glove Knitter in the Market. q 









SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER, ‘a 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER, ' fi 








HEW HARRISON AA GoLD MEDAb 


ITER 


Kh ITS! it nes ribbed or plaim % 
a GLOVES and CLOTHING tm 
WOOL, SILK, or COTTUN. INSTRUC 





TIONS FREE. -Lisis“d. perpost 
TRIUMPUANT AWARD at PALIS. The only 


] 

91 Z AeA 2 WINNER in the WORLD of GOLD MEDALS 

2 OZ. ” 18s. Od ”? and Mother Bonours, HARRISON KNITTING MACHINEOQ, | 
1k OZ. 3 Rel 10s. 6d. . Works: 48, Up:er brook Su. Matchoster. : 4 





NOTICE THESE CHEAP LINES OF 
wWwRrin GER Ss. 
“STAR,” Iron Frame, 10 in., 8s. 6d.; 11 

ineelOs.; luis Oc: 


Champion, Tron Frame, 12, 1k, 1ls. 6d. . At their Wolverhampton works, the Humber Company are 
? | averaging 300 machines per week, and their average for May was 











14 in., 14s. 5 16 ny. 16s. _]| not Jess than 1,200. 4 

Royal, Wood Frame, 10in., 9s. 6d. ; 12 in., A novelty from the south-western distriet is the cycle cab of _ 
19 6d Messrs. Linley & Biggs, Clapham. It has room for one fare, 
Sie and is worked by one rider, who sits behind, a /a hansom eab. 

The interior of the vehicle is well upholstered. | 
London Agents for TAYLOR & WILSON’S Most of our readers are acquainted with the sewing machines 
Celebrated MANGLES. made by Hergstenberg, of Bielefeld. Latterly the firm, likemost 


of the Continental sewing machine mannfacturers, added a cycle 
Seren and they are now about to turn their business into 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER 00., |. 
A 0, The Cyclist says that with a ‘low gear it'is possible to pedal — 


faster down hill with one foot at work and the other on the rest 


122 SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. than by pedalling with both feet. Those who feel doubtful as to — 


| 
P| 
4 





+ 





26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


this can easily try for themselves, and we offer the idea to road- 
skimmers gratis. 

ar hel 

Last month we announced that the Triumph Cycle Company 

were turning over their business to a new company. Our readers 
will be pleased to hear that the applications for shares were 
eminently satisfactory. Mr. George Sanger, of the White Sewing 
Machine Company, continues to act as chairman. 

ne 


The Cyclist has taken up the question of fitting liners to 
joints of cycle frames. A writer in an American contemporary 
states that it isa mere ‘talking point” for the salesman, but 
the Cyclist differs, and invites the opinions of English makers 
on the subject. We shall look for some interesting letters. 

* 


* 

The Oxford Cycle Company are not unknown to my readers as 
large dealers in cycles, sewing machines, and perambulators. 
Last month they supplied to the local University an ‘‘Osmond” 
safety, which weighed only 18 Ib. 14 oz. ‘‘all on.” Surely this is 
far too light for a roadster; but a customer’s whims must, of 
course, be considered, 

» 
* 

The Engineer last month contained a letter describing a new 
gearing for cycles, in which the pedals are attached to secondary 
cranks which rotate in bearings at the ends of the cranks proper, 
which bearings also form the centres on which planet- wheels 
work. These planet-wheels revolve round a large sun-wheel on 
the axle frame, and a long forward and short backward throw is 
the result. The inventor talks of easily driving a 96 in. gear, but 
admits he has not tried it on a machine. 

* 


* 

Mr. J, Warrick’s cycle works at Reading—the home of the 
‘“Monarch” carrier tricyecle—were recently destroyed by fire, and 
the whole stock burned. Weare very sorry to have to record the 
foregoing—the moreso as Mr. Warrick gave substantial assistance 
in the great Hire System Test Case, and was generous enough to 
volunteer further assistance if required. Mr. Warrick has built 
up a large business by dint of hard and conscientious work, and 
we sincerely hope that he will not permanently suffer through 
his disastrous fire. 

e & 
we 

A tricycle has been brought out in Paris as a novel advertising 
agent. It prints any set word or design in bold characters on the 
street flags or pavement. A skilful rider mounts the machine, 
and in an incredibly short space of time ‘‘ advertises” the city 
. from one end to the other. The back wheels of the tricycle have 
wide rims, which are shod with a rubber tyre that carries in 
relief the advertisement to be made known. Above the wheels 
are placed two ink rollers, which are fed automatically with ink 
through tubes running to a reservoir on the top of the machine. 
The movement of the pedals actuates a small blower which sends 
air into a tube placed in front of each of the motive wheels. By 
this contrivance ‘any dirt or dust which might impair the 
legibility of the imprint is blown to one side, and a clean surface 
issecured. A special arrangement enables the design on either 
wheel to be printed in different colours. 

a 
* 

If all pawnbrokers would only take the same pains as Messrs. 
James Sprunt & Sons, of Old Kent Road, S.E., to prevent the 
taking in of hired cycles, there would be far less illegal pledging. 
They make it a practice to set down in a special book all 
information.concerning stolen machines which comes under their 
notice, whilst they take no machines in pledge unless the 
customer can produce the makers, or at least a receipt from an 
agent or factor of repute, and, although the rule has oceasionally 
been the means of depriving them of honest legitimate business, 
owing to the carelessness of cyclists in obtaining receipts when 
purchasing machines, it has proved an effectual safeguard against 
the ordinary cycle thief, as they have not had a stolen machine 
pledged with them for over seven years. Messrs. Sprunt are 
inclined to believe that there must be some receiver of stolen 
cycles amongst some of the back-street (so-called) makers, other- 
Wise they cannot understand where they all find their way, for 
it is very evident that the thieves do not take them to ride 
themselyes. 

! Lies shes 

Messrs. Isaiah Lees & Sons, of Bridge End Rubber Works, 
Dunkinfield, near Manchester, have sent us the following letter :— 
““We beg to inform you that we have been appointed sole 
manufacturers and vendors of the ‘Davies’ chain band for 
cycles, which has been provisionally patented (No. 7,953) by Mr. 
Charles Davies, of Oldham, which is most effective in protecting 
the chain from dust and mud. It is well known that most 
cyclists will not go to the expense of having gear cases fitted to 
their machines, and some riders object to gear cases owing to the 
trouble of detaching them and their great liability to get out of 
order. To these we offer the chain guard as a cheap, and at the 
same time thoroughly efficient substitute for the gear case. It 
is much simpler in every respect than a gear case, there is little 
or no liability for it to get out of order, it covers three sides of 
the chain and retains the lubricant used (vaseline recommended). 
It can be detached in an instant, and is so small that it can be 
put in the tool bag. Its weight is about 3 oz. Another 
very good and important feature is that it guides and keeps the 
chain in perfect track, prevents all shake and rattle, making it 
impossible for it to mount the cogs of the chain wheels (which is 
the chief cause of chains snapping), and at the same time ensures 
the perfect rotation of each link as they come upon the wheels 
causing it to run very smooth and quiet. It is an endless, 
flexible band of trough section, made of a specially prepared 
tubber material, so that it is altogether unaffected oil orby 
grease. Any novice can readily attach or detach it in a few 


JuLY 1, 1895. 





seconds. It fits on the outer face and two sides of the chain, 
and rotates with it, absolutely without friction and without in 
any way lessening the speed of the machine ; in fact, some riders 
go so faras to say that it assists the speed of the machine, which 
may be so on account of chain being kept in perfect position.” 


NEW COMPANY. 
LONDON SEWING MACHINE SYNDICATE, 
LIMITED (44,346). 

This company was registered on June 15th, with a 
capital of £9,000, in £1 shares, to acquire, develop, and 
turn to account letters patent in respect of sewing, button- 
holing, and embroidering machines. The subscribers 





ENS G5 
Shares. 
No 13, Accles, Halford House, Perry Barr, Birmingham, 
engineer cos on 560 360 god nee G00 
S. A. Cobbett, 52, Elgin Crescent, W., accountant ... “00 
J. Davies, Carmarthen, slate quarry proprietor eas coo 


T. J. W. Flint, 52, London Road, Canterbury, brewer 
A. Drury, 1, Spencer Road, Acton, accountant... Sab 
W. V. Dunn, 28, Sydner Road, Stoke Newington, cler 
C. G. Day, 14, Park Place, Regent’s Park, gentleman. ae 

Registered without arts of association by Petch & Smurthwaite, 43, 
Bedford Row, W.C. 

The above is a continuation of the business at one time 
known as the “ Patent Buttonhole Machine Company,” 
and latterly as the ‘‘London Sewing Machine Company,” 
with offices at 4, Newgate Street, E.C. Their new address 
is 29, Falcon Square, E.C. 


eet 








THE CANADIAN SEWING MACHINE 
INDUSTR Y. 


The sewing machine industry of Canada is steadily 
declining. Once many thousands of sewing machines 
were manufactured in Canada and exported to all parts 
of the world ; but that was away back in the sixties and 
seventies. Last year only 755 sewing machines, valued 
at 17,504 dols., were exported, against 902, valued at 
21,533 dols., sent out in 1893.—London, Ont., Adver- 
user. 








COUNTY COURT JUDGMENTS were registered on May 7th 
against Hy. Jones, sewing machine dealer, 48, Wyle Cop, 
Shrewsbury, for £21 ls. 4d., and against Hy. Jones & Co. (same 
address) for £32 7s. 5d.,and on May 22nd against Matthew 
McKenna, sewing machine agent, Gordon Street, Workington, for 
£15 4s. 6d. 








Mr. Charles Johnson has taken over the domestic machinery business 
formerly carried on by Brown & Co., at 513, Fulham Road, S.W. 


At the Royal Botanic Gardens, Regent’s Park, last month, before the 
Prince and Princess of Wales, there was a parade of children in mail 
carts, the latter being beautifully decorated with flowers. 











The following list has been compiled expressly for this Journal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street 
@insbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


9,415. J. Gutmann, for improvements in button-hole sewing 
machines. 
9,475. J. Potterton, J. Partridge, A. D. Partridge, and 


J. Allen, for improvements in, or relating to, rotary knitting 
machines. 

9,617. E. Hottenroth (nee Cloeté Brown), for a novel kind of 
embroidery work. 

9,650. J. Morrison, for improvements in sewing machines. 

10,020. J. Copland, for a pin-tray attachment applicable to 
sewing machines and the like. 


10,050. A. T. Timewell, for improvements in sack filling and 
sewing machines. ; ‘ é k 
10,081. W. Haddock, for an improvement in, or in connection 


with, sewing machines. 
10,150. . Saurer’s Sohne, for improvements in, or in con- 
nection with, embroidery machines. 
10,231. G. H. Scetriniand H. K. Bridger, for improvements in, 
and connected with, boot and shoe sole-sewing machines. 


10,403. W. Bowden, for improvements in multiple tuck-sewing 
machines. 
10,550. W. P. Thompson, a communication from E. Wiire, and 


A. Novotny, of Austria, for improvements in sewing machines, 


Juty 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


27 


a 


10,740. E. Edwards, a communication from B. Neubauer, of 
Germany, for improvements in embroidering machines. 

10.920. EF. C. W. Janes and W. W. Janes, for improvements 
in. or relating to, sewing machines. 

11.034. J. Y. Johnson, a communication from H. Springmann, 
of Germany, for improvements in, or connected with, rotary loopers 
and underthread carriers for sewing machines. 

11,122. R. Neilson, for improvements in, and connected with, 
sewing machines. 

11,259. A. Helwig and J. R. 
darning machines. 

11,273. G. A. Nikolajezuk (nee Jwanska,) for improvements 
in sewing machines. 

11,393. A. G. Brookes, a communication from 5. H. Wheeler, 
of United States. Improvements in trimmer mechanism for sew- 
ing machinery. 

11,398. C. E. Bentley. 


Brough, for improvements in 


Seam for sewed fabrics. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. Postage 1d. cach extra.) 


Rosati 
Dated July 11th, 


2,985. Combined Serving and Knitting Machines. F. 
and C. R. Petrini, of Milan and Chieti, Italy. 
1893. 

Relates to a lock-stitch shuttle sewing machine, to be worked 
at pleasure, to produce knitted goods of plain or fancy design, 
while using the same arrangements for the knitting apparatus as 
are required for sewing. The driving axle is therefore to remain 
the same for knitting as for sewing, and the different effect of 
work of the machine is to be obtained only by disengaging some 
one or more of the parts. Sar 

8,396. Sewing Machines. 
Dated April 27th, 1894. 

The object is to provide means whereby a lock-stitch sewing 
machine may be rendered capable of producing a lock-stitch, a 
chain-stitch, or a locked-chain-stitch at will without adding to, 
taking away, or changing any of the parts. r 

11,257. Tuck Sewing Machines. W. Bowden, of 
Dated June 11th, 1894. 

The object is to enable two or more tucks to be sewn simul- 
taneously and quickly, to ensure a more perfect joining of the 
beginning and end of the sewing in circular tucks, to enable tucks 
of different widths and distances apart to be sewn on the same 
machine, and to facilitate the feeding and guiding of the fabric in 
which the tucks are to be formed. 

11,876. Button-hole Sewing Machines. Hope Street Factory, 
Ltd., and J. G. Laird, of Belfast. Dated June 19th, 1894. 

The improvements are specially applicable in connection with 
the lock-stitch motion, and have for object to simplify the con- 
struction and to improve the work so as to produce a géod button- 
hole with straight cross-over barat each end by automatic means. 


H. Sargent, of Old Ford, London. 


anchester. 


TO SELL 
SOUND, 
RELIABLE 

CYCLES. 





THEY 
YEARS AND 


ALL PARTS OF i HE WORLD. 


PIRUGES SA Ries Ral Gi Fi eee 


14,348. Sewing Machines. A. Anderson, a communication from 
The Singer Manufacturing Company, of New York, U.S.A. 
Dated July 26th, 1894. 

Relates to that class of lock-stitch sewing machine in which the 
lower oz locking thread is supplied from a bobbin sustained by a 
bobbin case ox holder which is in turn supported in the cavity of 
a rotating o oscillating hook. To prevent the bobbin case 
rotating with the hook, there is placed within the bobbin case 
proper and between it and the hook a supplemental bobbin case of 
cylindrical form, loosely fitted within the hook and furnished with 
a central pin or support engaging a central sleeve on the bobbin 
case proper. 

UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
ISSUED AND DATED MAY 14TH, 1895. 

539,336. J. W. Betz, Brooklyn, N.Y. 
sewing machines. 

IsSUED AND DATED MAY 2I1sT, 1895. 

539,481. J. E. Jackson, Lynn, Mass. Sewing machine for 
lasting boots or shoes. 

539,588. G. F. Sumner, Canton, Mass. 
making fabric for mattresses, etc. 


Felling attachment for 


Knitting machine for 


539,614. S. A. Evans, Cassville, Mo. Quilting attachment 
for sewing machines. 
539,649. R. W. Scott, Philadelphia, Pa. Knitting machine. 
ISSUED AND DATaD MAY 287TH, 1895. 
539,791. J.C. Brewin, Philadelphia, Pa. Thread supplying 


device for knitting machines. 

539,819. EF. A. Nye, Philadelphia, Pa. Knitting machine. 
Be A. Townsend, Philadelphia, Pa. Knitting machine. 
J. H. Trowbridge, Newark, N.J. Pull off for sewing 






539,914. J. Gutmann, Berlin, Germany. Sewing machine. 
539,929. L. Abeles, Rutherford, N.J. Thread guide for 


embroidering machines. 


540,151. B. M. Denney, Camden, N.J. Cireula knitting 
machine. 

540,209. C. C. Emmons, Pittsburg, Pa. Sewing and planting 
machine. 

IsSUED AND DATED JUNE 4TH, 1895. 

540,266. J. M. Merrow, Merrow, Conn. Sewing machine. 

540.301. E. Drake, Stoughton, Mass, Button-hole sewing 
machine, 

540,302. E. Drake, Stoughton, Mass. Button-hole sewing 
machine. 

540.391. W. R. Johns, Rockford, Ill. Knitting machine. 

540.395. M. Levy and J.H. Lindow, San Francisco, Cal. 


Sewing machine needle and process of marking same. 


540,400. CG. Mckay, Newport, R.I. Sewing machine. 
540,462. M. Schoenfeld, Rorschach, Switzerland. Stitch 


adjusting mechanism for embroidering machines. 





NEED WO PUFE. 
HAVE BEEN BEFORE THE PUBLIC MANY 


ARE RIDDEN IN 





WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 








oe SPRITE CYGLE COMPANY, Devonshire Street, 


BLOOMSBURY, LONDON, W.C. 


[Established 1882.] 


* 28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JuLy I, 1895. 










































































JA TAMES ost — & C0. 


HURST STREET) 
{_ BIRMINGHAM. 


Write at once for 


NEW LIST FOR 1895, 


containing over 100 Patterns, including 
several 


CONVERTIBLE MAIL CARTS, 


so much now in demand. 












London Representative— ; 
Mr. W. EF. KNIGHT, 
8a, CITY ROAD, E.C. 


H. MUNDI.OS = Cco., 
MAGDEBURG, N, GERMANY. 


Manufacturers of Sewing Machines, Established 1863, invite dealers 


a to ask for Price Lists of the celebrated - 
VICTORIA ” HINTED. 


UNEQUALLED : MADE IN 









































FOR 5 DIFFERENT SIZES 
THEIR HIGH FINISH, FOR FAMILY USE 
RELIABILITY, AND : 
AND MANUFACTURING 
DURABILITY. PURPOSES. 
AUTOMATIC UNIVERSAL DARNING | 


PRESSER FOOT, 


English Patent No. 3,235. 


APPARATUS, 
English Patent No. 10,124, . 

















Exclusive Territory will be given to Responsible 
Dealers. 


Jury T, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 29 


The Kingsland Manufacturing Co., 


MAKERS OF GOOD, SOUND, RELIABLE 


Seite yY CLS 


At a Low Price. 
















18935, 


H/\ Um oUNLOP. 
-—\\—))_eTOMnBLE, 


i : 
ZA 


IS y £7 12s. 6d. 


vi \ 

\ 3 Gs 

% \ 
NS / i bles 


Other Tyres at ety ow Prices. 






CUSHIONS, , 
£4 15s. Od. (f \ V 

















SEND FOR OUR 1895 LIST. 





@ycle Works: 


3, DOCWRA’S BUILDINGS, KING HENRY'S WALK, KINGSLAND, 


LONDON, INT. 





30 The Journal of Domestic Appliances. JULY 1, 1895. 


Effective Advertising, 


“ Baby's Ta-Ta” Circulars. 

We are open to supply Pictorial Circulars to any Dealer, printing his 
name and address on same, at the following rates for cash; 1,000 7/6; 
3,000, G/- per 1,000; and 10,000, 4/9 per 1,000. We also 
publish a Pictorial Circular relating to Sewing Machines at the same rates 








SEWELL & Co., 28, Paternoster Row, LONDON. 























































y atthe showrooms of JOHN BUGGI 





: o 
es _SPUSAARSAARA RRR SSRARRRERESSRARRRERT AWERRUAAARY ) Ha a 
ik j 4 < 
2 ri > wo 
RR : ° oute 
Ne7 i Sh ge 2 > 
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N BS as Lappe) cS) £ os Li = Q, 
Ns. & CSS : ey E Pes 
NY xs x 7} w 2 = 4 
N GB wa 45 z> 2 es = Uy <4 O oO 
N S252 Ege es 6 62 
N~55= ° - De\ g 
N west 2 ae ——— ;/Qs 
hy = poh) cin ~ =) 2 aie 
N ui Za o” aa as 
N 58e< ZS : Hise 
N 23? i QS 
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on] ; a 2 \ x I YA =o 
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Ny : g 
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y i) 


BABY'’S -[ A-7TA,. 


Mothers are advised tocall without dela 





they can inspect achoice collection of Children’s Carriages & Mail Carts, 


& JULY 1, 1895; and Sewing Machine Gazette. 31 
ee eee ee eee 


NOTHMANN’S WEW ROTARY SEWING MACHINES. 








# GREAT % 
DURABILITY. 



































































































































Write for Prices and Terms to the Wholesale Agent for the 
United Kingdom: 


7 RAUSNITZ, 184, ALDERSGATE STREET, 


LONDON, E.C. 


NEW HIGH ARM 


SEWING MACHINES 


me BOUDOIR, FAMILY USE, & MANUFACTURING purposes. 
ear Are the BEST and MOST COMPLETE MACHINES in the Market. 
MAKE A PERFECT LOCKSTITCH. WILL SEW FROM THE 
FINEST MUSLIN TO THE STOUTEST CLOTH. 
Are the mostSimple in Construction. The most Silent in Action. 
WOODWORK TASTEFULLY INLAID WITH MOSAIC. 


SEIDEL &NAUMANN, 
28, MOOR LANE, LONDON, B.C 


RELIABILITY ! 


SUPERIOR FINISH! 
WARRANTED QUALITY! 


LATEST PATTERNS! 
SUPERIOR WORKMANSHIP! 
ELEGANCE & LOW PRICE! 
COMPETITION DEFIED! 

INSPECTION INVITED! 

































































NAUMANN’S FACTORY —siot0 Sowing Macmiaes”aaoeuction= Buy no Machine withont seeing the Trade Mark, 


SEIDEL & NAUMANN’S CYCLES were Exhibited at the National Cycle Show, Crystal Palace, and gained the Highest Notice of all Cycle Papers. 
Wholesale Department :—Pianos, Musical Instruments, Musical Albums, Etc., Etc. 
ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST AND FULL PARTICULARS FREE ON APPLICATION. 





32 


he Journal of Domestic Appliances 


JuLy I, 1895. 














“Situation as 
Manager of Retail Perambulator and Mail Cart Business. 
Thorough Practical Knowledge of Manufacturing and Buying. Would 


FENERGETIC YOUNG MAN seeleges 





invest small capital if sound affair.—Write full particulars, oo ie AL D. ty 


Sewell & Co., 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.G. 





TO Hine “TRADERS AND of E RS. — A. 

Man, with a good connection over Taunton and th 
England, with’ highest references from his’ 
Agency for Sewing Machines, Musical Instruments, Bassinettes, and 
Sundries for Cash and Hire Purchase System.—Please address, J. G., 
Crown Cottage, Kingston Road, Taunton, Somerset. 











EWING MACHINES AND PERAMBULATORS. 

—YOUNG LADY-SEEKS MANAGEMENT of Depot. Good 

Salesweman. Long experience. Highest references.—‘‘ York,” Seming 
Machine Gazette Office. 





LONDON FIRM of SEWING MACHINE and 

BICYCLE MANUFACTURERS, doing a large instalment 
‘trade, REQUIRE an energetic, capable MAN to took after same. 
One used to instalment accounts and handling of Agents preferred.— 
Bull particulars and salary required to “Acme,” Sewing Machine 
Gazette Office. 





"EO: BE DISPOSED, OF, an_ ‘old - established 

domestic, appliance HIRE TRADE BUSINESS. Book debts 
and stock. optional. Small capital only required.—Address ‘“Z,” 
Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 


resent employers, wants: | 


Telegraphic Address—* PARA, NEW Mitts.” 


Postal { 
Address | 


All Goods to be forwarded to “New Mills Station.” 
SEND FOR SAMPLES AND PRICES. 


B. & J. BENSON, 


MANUFACTURERS OF ALL KINDS OF 


: INDIA RUBBER GOODS, 


Buffers, Valves, Washers, Tyres, 
Mats, Gas Tubing, &c.. 


WOODSIDE MILL, 
NEWTOWN, nr. STOCKPORT. 
TYRES AND CEMENT A SPECIALITY, — 
{AGENTS WANTED. 


LTS? BELTS!! BELTS!!! — For Sewing 
fachines (round). Best Straight-grained Leather. Assorted 
.engths from 54 to 60 in.; 18s. per gross, nett cash.—Harvie’s, 110, 


«B. & J. BuNsoN, NEWTOWN, STOCKPORT, 





















Markdale Road, Liverpool. 


-- Our cash prices for finest Sewing Mechine Oils are: 
‘ — 2:02. 148.3; 3 0z., 16s. ; 4 0z., 18s. per gross, in 
x panelled: bottles. | Oil guaranteed the~best ; oils 
matched: Every kind of oil loose—Sewing 
“Machine, ts. 6d. per gallon; Cycle Burning, Is. 9d. 
ore “per gallon; Cycle Lubricating, 1s. 6d. per gallon, 
~&c. Correspondence solicited.—Isaac Spencer & Co. (late Lady 
Bridge Oil Works), High Street, Hull. 


£50 OFFERED FOR. PARROTS that repeat 
“ Dunkley’s Baby Car "Ball Bearings, 105s.”—76, Hounds 
ditch, London, or Birmingham. 


CONCERNING SCOTLAND. - 


We beg to announce that we have appointed Mr. FRED. DICKSON, 
of 3, Morrison Street, Edinburgh, our Sole Wholesale Agent for 
Scotland for our Sewing Machine Needles, and who will, upon reczipt 
of post card, forward per return full list and lowest «juotations for 
every kind of Sewing Machine Needle made. 

S. COX & CO, 
Sewing Machine Needle Manufacturers, Alcester. 








COWTAN BROS., Invalid Chair 
and Perambulator Smiths and 
Spring Makers, 84 and 86, Aldenham 
Street, Somers Town, London, solicit the 
favour of your inquiry for any description of 
Tron and Steel Work for Rath Chairs, Rassi- 
aettes, and Mail Cars. ‘The newest designs 
J and best workmanship at low prices for 
= cash. 








FOR PERAMBULATOR AND MAIL CART FURNITURE 


WRITE FOR PRICE LISTS TO 


R. WOOD & SONS, WHOLESALE |RONMONGERS, 


BRANDON ST., YORK ST., WALWORTH RD.,, | 
who have the largest stock of HANDLES, BOLTS, JOINTS, STRAPS, etc., in London. 


Mail Cart Shafts largely stocked, Wheels a speciality. Cast Toy Perambulator, Bath Chair, 
Truck Cart and Yan Wheels, a large quantity always in stock, 
SOME WONDERFUL LINES IN TRAVELLING TRUNKS. 


THE FLANAGAN Two-Reel Sewing Machines 


Work with Two Common Wood Reels of Thread. NO REELS OR SPOOLS TO WIND 
ees | 

















“LOCK - 
STITCH 


‘SIMPLE. 
Quick. 
LIGHT: 
RUNNING. 





















































































































EAND AND TREADLE MACHINES.» 


Manufactured by THE FLANAGAN TWO-REEL SEWING MACHINE COMPANY, Lro., 


WELLFIELD WORKS, CLAY TON-LE-MOOBS, LANCASHIRE. Dealers Apply for tome re 





-JuLy 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 34 








VARLEY & WOLFENDEN, 


KEIGHLEY, ENGLAND, 


SOLE 
ON MANUFACTURERS 
OF THE 


CYCLOPS 
= =  Lockstitch — 
S! Sewing Machines 


FOR 
Domestic 
and Manufacturing 
Purposes 
Also Manufacturers 
of Wringing and 
Mangling Machines. 


























































































































































































































































































































These Machines are | 
made trom the Best 
Materials, and cannot 
be surpassed for excel- 
lency of finish and | 
durability. 


SHIPPING ORDERS 
EXECUTED ON THE Ns 
SHORTEST NOTICE. —— 








), STOLWER, 


Manufacturer of 
HIGH-CLASS 


SPECIALITIES :--"° ~ 
High and Low Arm 


Family Hand Machines, 


with Square or Bent Wood Covers 
AND THE 


5-Drawer and Drop-leaf 


Family Cabinet Machine, 


Admired and Praised by Everyone, 



























































































































































= Send at once for Sample Machine 
and Lowest Trade Prices 






























































Ka] 








_J. HARRIS & CO., Limited, 


W.d 
WHOLESALE AGENTS, 


HAYMERLE ROAD LONDON, S.E:. 

















34 The Journal of Domestic Appliances JULY 1, 1895. 


SPECIALITIES. 


SACK, SAIL, 


JARPAULIN, & 
BELT SEWING MACHINES. 


OSCILLATOR, 
MEDIUM, 
FAMILY, & 

HAND Sewing Machines, 


KILTING, CASING, AND 
WRINGING MACHINERY, 


Liberal Terms to Dealers. 


( < 
ee ecatnninnnes 


































































































































































































KIMBALL & MORTON, Lures 


(ESTABLISHED 1867.) 
SEWING MACHINE MANUFACTURERS, 


BOJHWELL CIRCUS, GLASGOW. 


Branches— 


62, Reform S8t., DUNDEE, and 11a, Norfolk St., MANCHESTER, 
56, Aldermanbury, LONDON, E.C. 




















































































































PRAM RUGS, GOAT SKIN. PRAM RUGS, GOAT SKIN. 


From 16s. per dozen. 


White, Grey, Black or Brown Skins, mounted on different colour Pe ram b ula to rs On E a sy Ter ms, 
Cloths with pinked borders. 


Send 21s. for assorted sample dozen, and four sizes. 





Hire Agreement Forms for 





SPECIAL TERMS TO FACTORS. SEWELL & Co, 
_» WHOLESALE ONLY. ie 
HANDEL WHEATLEY, EVESHAM. 28, Paternoster Row, London. 


TO INVENTORS. HIRE AGREEMENT FORMS. 


General Patent Office. Established 1830. | The best form compiled, used by most of the trade. 


G. F. RE DFE RN & CO., Price 6d. per dozen, 3/9 per 100. 
4, SOUTH STREET, FINSBURY, 


“sprovisionar rratecnos ir mons saver ae | HIRE INSTALMENT CARDS. 


new Act, £3 3s. ; to complete the Patent for 4 years, i , 

47. 7S Bench Patent including Ait veers is 48; | Strongly bound instalment cards with the hire 
i Patent ; Imperia erman Patent, £10 10s. ; : i 

Bae States ea iaadine all expenses for the whole terms at the back. Price 1/- per dozen, 7/6 per 100. 
term, £17 Ios. Circular of information as to the mode of | Dealer’s name and address printed if required: 
proceeding in applying for Letters Patent, cost of European extra charge, 2s. 
Patents generally, and also of Colonial Patents, forwarded j - 
apon application. Trade Marks and Designs registered in 
England and Abroad. [Telephone No. 169. 


REGISTERED TELEGRAPHIC AppREss :—“ INVENTION, London.” Sewell & Co., 28, Paternoster Row, London, EC. 


THE LATEST & BEST PRAM. 


YET INVENTED IS THE 


“ECLIPSE PATENT,” 


Aud any Maker can be supplied with the Patented Parts. Write for prices and drawings. 


G. R. PEICE:, Perambulator Works, 


GOOCH STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 





* 


aie 


Aue, 1, 1895. 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS, 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 

description 
and 

quality, 


to 
suit 
all ‘ . 
Trades. a feu 
ag oA 3 Calalogue 
om 





TeLEGRAMs—* ROTHSCHILD, BIRMINGHAM.” 

















eS THE HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR CO., Limited, HALESOWEN, near BIRM 





and Sewing Machine Gazeite. it 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 








London Agent — 
Mr. GEO, PEARCE, 


39, Holborn 
Viaduct, 





_) 


INGHAM, 


T oft! 





Write for Our Illustrated Catalogue 
PRINTED IN NINE COLOURS 
—a Work of Art. 























a ll el el ll el ll 




































whe Bent PNEUMATIC 


Patent 
































Bred 82,5 L. PAUL'S 





STIBBE’S PATENT 


IDEAL KNITTER 


For Seamless Stockings, Socks, Gloves, and every 
kind of Hosiery, RIBBED or PLAIN. 


REALLY SIMPLE, ABSOLUTELY SURE, 


fa virtue of numerous Patented Improvements which cau be had 
on no other Machine, 


The Greatest Attraction in Knit- 
ting Machines. 


No Hosiery Maker should be with- 
out it. ONE of these Machines 
vives more profit than Six ordinary 
Machines. 
The New Patent Machine for 
COTCH KNICKERBOCKER 
GLOVES, etc, in CHECKS. 
Full Fashioned RIBBED Hose, with or without 
CHECK PATTERN, are made on this Machine, 
and the KIB TOPS can be made PLAIN, 
STRIPED, in CHECKS, or in CHECKS and 
STRIPES COMBINED, The Whole being Knitted 
in ONE OPERATION. PLAIN HOSE, etc., in 
CHECKS, are also made on the same Machine, 
which can also be utilised for otler kinds of 
KIBBED GOODS, and particularly for FANCY 
RIB TOPS, SWEATER FABRICS, etc. 


G. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 
Leicester Branch, 34a, Highcross Street, 











HOSE, 
















-SQU 





PERAMBULATORS 
From 4.4/— each. 


UP-TO-DATE 
NOVELTIES 


In all Classes of Goods. 








y ROTHSCHILD 
ee BAKER. 


ARE, BIRMINGHAM. 


Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—id. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 
——$——_—__ eee eee oe 
(CHEAPEST HOUSE for Sewing Machines, Washing 


and Wringing Machines, Bicycles, Tricycles, Watches, Jewellery, 
Musical Boxes, Pianos, &c. Cash or hire system ; exceptionally easy 
terms.—W. Lapthorne & Co., 479, Gloucester Road, Horfield, Bristol. 


oo 
VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 

represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street 
London, F.C. 


SS EE EE eee 
HB NERGETIC YOUNG MAN seeks Situation as 

Manager of Retail Perambulator and Mail Cart Business. 
Thorough Practical Knowledge of Manufacturirg and Buying. Would 
invest small capital if sound affair.— Write full particulars, ‘* M.A.D.,” 
Sewell & Co., 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


Seer er eT 
TRAVELLER, experienced, first-class salesman, open 

to an Engagement ir Sewing Machines or Cycles, or both; 
willing to cover any ground, north preferred. Terns : salary or 
commission, or both, with travelling expenses. The highest references. 
—Address, H., to, Clare Terrace, Edge Hill, Liverpool. 


——— a rel eee ala 
SEWING MACHINE BELTING” AND’ OIES= 

If you want the Best Belting or the Best Oil apply to the Best 
Firm for Cheapness and Quality in the Trade.—J. Searle & Co., 40, 
Trafalgar Street, Walworth. 


T° WHOLESALE AND HIRE TRADERS. 
Agencies Wanted for the following: To sell and collect on 
commission Pianos, Organs, Sewing and Wringing Machines, 
Perainbulators, Iron Bedsteads, Furniture, &c., for the north-east 
coast, Shields and Newcastle. Guarantee given along with be:t of 
references —Apply, Expert, Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 
(See page 32 for other advertisements.) 


Z 








” 


12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 









THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1S. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record, 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—gs. 6d. per annum, or 9d. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application, All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified bythe twenty-fifth of each month. 

Conivibutions,—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening cf new premises, &c., in their several towns. 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 









BSNS 


SIAN INS 











During the last few years there has been an 
enormous number of firms who have turned 
their business into limited liability com- 
panies, and so many, of these concerns have been what 
is now termed a “ One-Man” Company, that is to say, 
almost exclusively owned by a single individual, that 
before many years, or, it may be months, have passed by 
we may expect to see our legislative bodies taking up the 
matter, and, possibly, making fresh laws on the subject. A 
case is now about to be taken to the House of Lords of a 
somewhat extraordinary character, that of “« A. Salomon 
& Co., Limited.” Mr. A. Salomon was a whole- 
sale boot manufacturer and exporter, and sold his 
business to a company, composed of himself, his 
wife, and children. He was at first the holder of one 
share, but subsequently acquired 20,0co, and no one else 
had any shares in the concern, while he also held £10,000 
of debentures. Thecompany went into liquidation, and 
Mr. Salomon came forward as a fully-secured creditor for 
this amount, while his liability as to shares, as they were 
fully paid up, was at an end. The liquidator had applied 
to Mr. Justice Vaughan Williams, and had been granted 
an order that Mr. Salomon should indemnify the 
company on the broad ground that the company was 
really a fiction, and he the sole party really interested. 
The company had been properlyformed,and this the Lords 
Justices confirmed on appeal, but decided that Mr. A. 
Salomon was responsible to the creditors, and bound to 
indemnify them because of the motive—undoubtedly 
illegitimate—for which he had worked out the whole 
arrangement. This judgment proves that “ one man 
companies,” however cleverly formed and correct in 
formation, cannot be sustained as against creditors, and 


the man working the concern will be personally liable to 
the law. 


One-Man 
Companies. 





The principal event of the month in the 

sewing machine trade has been that of thejudg- 

ment in King’s v. Singer. Our readers well 
know that we have for years past called attention to the 
enormous extent to which the turning-out system prevails 
in this country. It would appear from the many com- 
plaints we have received from time to time that this form 
of unfair trading was carried on by a large number of 
firms, and that the only remedy known to the trade was 
one of retaliation. Clearly this is no remedy at all, but 
the law was not supposed to give any redress. The past 
month, however, has shown that the Judges think other- 
wise, and now we know as a fact that it is not permissible 
for the agents or canvassers of one firm to upset the con- 
tracts of another firm in order to benefit themselves. 
There is no denying the fact that this pronouncement 
of the Judges materially increases the responsibility of 
firms who employ canvassers to sell their goods. This 
however, is only in keeping with the tendency of modern 
legal decisions. The Judges used to talk of the “scope of 
authority ” of a servant, but latterly they have gone one 
better, and now use the words “scope of employment.” 
Indeed, they now appear to merely want to know 
whether or not the employer will benefit by the act of his 
servant, and if so they do not hesitate for one moment in 
holding the employer liable for such act, although it may 

_have been committed in absolute defiance of the master’s 
instructions. It is well for our readers to thoroughly 
understand this, and then they will no doubt realise the 
advisability of dealing with complaints made against their 
servants in a conciliatory manner. 


Unfair 
Trading. 





AUG. 1, 1895. 











SINGER'S WORKS AT KILBOWIE. 


In connection with the visit of the Institute of 


Mechanical Engineers to Glasgow, the Engineer contains 
an interesting article on Singer’s factory at Kilbowie, 
which they are to inspect to-day. Our contemporary 
writes :— 

The extensive and imposing works of The Singer 
Manufacturing Company are situate a short distance 
from Messrs. Thomson’s shipyard, near the Kilbowie 
Station of the North British system of railway, and 
have their main frontage to the line. The buildings, 
with their fine clock tower, form a landmark all the 
country round for many miles. They were erected about 
eleven years ago, this being necessitated from the fact 
that’ the company’s old establishment at Bridgeton, 
Glasgow, had beccme totally inadequate to their require- 
ments. The amplitude of the site, as well as its con- 
tiguity alike to railway, river, and canal, gave full scope 
to the designers of the works, who have succeeded in so 
arranging them as to give ample room for every opera- 
tion, and at the same time to enable the production of 
the machines to be carried on continuously and con- 
secutively, notwithstanding the multifarious parts which 
are produced and the numerous processes they have 
to undergo. Taken together with their gasworks 
and cooling ponds, &c., the works occupy an area 
of no less than 46 acres of land, whilst the factory 
proper has a floorage area of 954,500 square feet, 
or 21°87 acres. The works employ altogether approach- 
ing 6,000 hands, and the output of finished machines at. 
the present time reaches 9,000. The sales in Great 
Britain and Ireland amount to 150,000 machines per 
year, while the total sales of the company throughout the 
world reach the enormous total of 750,000 machines 
annually. 

The two main buildings in the whole works are con- 
nected by means of three wings. They are each 800 ft. 
long by 50 ft. wide, and are divided into three equal por- 
tions in their length. The end portions are three 
stories, and the centre portions four stories high, 
and over one of the buildings is a fine clock tower, 
200 ft. high and 50 ft. square, in the Scottish baronial 
style of architecture, the clock face being 25 ft. in diameter, 
or 3 ft. more than the clock face of the Houses of Parlia- 
ment. The total floorage area of the two main buildings 
with their connecting wings is 257,718 square feet. A 
goodly portion of the eastern part of the buildings and 
ground is occupied by the Associated Company, devoted 
to the manufacture of the Babcock & Wilcox patent 
water -tube boiler—of special interest at the present time 
in view of their introduction, with other makes of the 
same type of boiler, into marine engineering practice. 
Unfortunately this portion of the vast pile is not to be 
thrown open to inspection owing to extensions and altera- 
tions being under way, which render the premises and 
their contents hardly in the state of preparedness which 
would justify inspection on the part of members of the 
institution. A compensating element, however, presents 
itself in the fact that the Babcock & Wilcox boiler is 
employed throughout the Singer manufactory ; to what 
extent may be gathered from the fact that the boiler and 
engine-house department occupies a floorage space of 
33,928 square feet. The main boiler house is rro ft. long 
by 50 ft. wide, and here there are five batteries of boilers 
in place, with room for more. Each battery consists of 
two boilers, each yielding about 120 horse-power, and 
working at 100 lb. pressure. 

To connect each flocr and portion of floor in the enor- 
mous aggregation of buildings, and follow in sequence 
through the departments the multiplicity of processes 
carried on, is not our intention at this time, even if it 
were possible with the space at our command. At a sub- 
sequent date to that of the visit of the members of the 
Institution we hope to overtake this in some measure, 
A few general particulars as to individual departments 
must here suffice. 

The foundry is, perhaps, one of the finest to be seen 


“— 


AvG. I, 1895. 





anywhere. It is 448 ft. long by 352 ft. wide, giving an 
area of 157,696 square feet. It is fitted with powerful 
travelling cranes and hydraulic cranes for drawing boxes 
and patterns, and is equal to turning out 125 tons of 
castings per day, some of very small weight and dimen- 
sions. The main engine for driving the foundry is a 
horizontal compound condensing engine of 250 horse- 
power, by Messrs. D. Adamson, of Manchester, and is 
fitted with Wheelock’s automatic expansion gear. The 
fly-wheel is 16 ft. diameter, and drives the machinery 
through two 17 in. belts. The hydraulic pumps for the 
accumulator are driven by a horizontal high-pressure 
engine by Messrs. A. & P. Steven, of Glasgow. Steam 
at about roo lb. pressure is supplied to the foundry 
engines from Babcock & Wilcox boilers. From the 
foundry the castiugs are taken to the rumbling and 
aunealing department, which is 352 ft. long by 62 ft. wide, 
and has a floor area of 21,824 square feet. Here the 
various castings are cleaned from sand in the rumbles, 
following which they are examined and dressed in the 
inspecting shop which adjoins, and is 288 ft. long by 
31 ft. wide. The small parts are then annealed in the 
annealing ovens. The castings are packed in cast iron 
boxes with an annealing mixture, and luted down with 
fireclay. 

The forge department, consisting of two sides and two 
connecting wings, has a floor area of 26,560 square feet. 
Here the steel and wrought iron details are produced, 
bars, sheets, iron and steel of all sections being brought in 
by rail, The extent of railways throughout the factory, 
it may here be mentioned, exceeds 24 miles. The 
materials are cut up for forging, and are rough-shaped 
under tilt hammers, and finished under drop hammers. 
Machine details are passed from the forge to another 
department to be trimmed up in power presses. 
Attached to the forge are the annealing stoves and stores 
for iron, steel, and forgings. The smith’s shop has 
nearly a dozen forges and several steam hammers, 
which are all employed in making and mending the tools 
used in the machinery shops. The smiths’ shop is driven 
by a Corliss engine of :00 horse-power, taking steam 
trom the Babcock & Wilcox boilers in the main boiler 
house, 

The forgings are received from the forge into the lower 
part of the western main building at the northern end, 
and are there dealt with, this department being equipped 
with between 150 and 180 special milling machines, 
drills, &c. In other portions of the main buildings the 
castings are milled, slotted, and drilled by some of 
the best special machines it is possible to employ on work 
of this class, In the central portion of the main building 
certain portions of the machines are bolted together, 
previously to being japanned. The japanning, drilling, 
dulling, ornamenting, erecting, and packing of the stands 
are all accomplished in the ‘‘ Stand” Department, 288 ft. 
in length, by 192 ft. wide, affording a floor area of 55,296 
square feet. This department contains a great amount 
of special machinery of an interesting and ingenious 
character. Indeed, the turning, drilling, planing, milling, 
japanning processes all involve the use of special 
machinery, and in such vast quantities that it is 
hopeless here to convey anything but a partial idea 
of the actual operations carried on. Several adjuncts to 
the main subjects of manufacture, such as the making 
of needles, the making and polishing of the hardwood 
lathes and machine covers, and of the very packing 
boxes required for shipment of the machines, all have 
their special sections in the works, finely equipped with 
the necessary tools and machinery. 

a ee 


BEAR THIS IN MIND! 


W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers threughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs. Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly finished sewing muachines, so 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 hours’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use. 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval.—W. J. Harris & Co. 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, 8.E.—Apyz, 


Wan . 
yam 4 
‘-) F Asan 


and Sewing Machine Gazette 1g 








JUDGMENT IN KING'S v. SINGER. 


In our June issue we gave a brief report of the action in 
the Queen’s Bench Division in which King’s Universal Supply, 
Limited, claimed damages for (1) Slander ; (2) Slander of title of 
the plaintiff's goods; (3) Wrongfully inducing and procuring 
persons to break their contracts with the plaintiffs; (4) Con- 
spiracy to injure the plaintiffs by wrongfully inducing and procur- 
ing persons to break their contracts with the plaintiffs. The 
plaintiffs also claimed an injunction to restrain the defendants and 
each of them, their servants or agents, from a repetition of any 
of said acts. 

The defendants in the action were The Singer Manufacturing 
Company, also Mr. George Whitty and Mr. Matthews, both 
of whom were at one time in the employ of the Singer Company. 

The Singer Manufacturing Company appealed against the 
adgment of Mr. Justice Mathew on July 23rd, and were 
represented by Mr. Finlay, Q.C., Mr. Bullen, and Mr. William 
Russell. 

Mr. Finlay did not attend, and, therefore, the appeal was con- 
ducted by Mr. Bullen, who at once read the judgment of Mr. 
Justice Mathew as follows :— 

Mr. Justice MAatTHew: This is an action for damages 
brought by the plaintiff company against the defendant company 
for wrongful interference with the trade of the plaintiff company. 
The plaintiffs and the defendants are rivals in trading operations, 
The plaintiff company is an English company, and the defendant 
company is the well-known American company, incorporated in 
the United States for the making and selling of sewing machines 
upon the Singer principle. The plaintiffs’ business is to sell 
sewing machines which are manufactured abroad, and there is no 
doubt keen rivalry between the two companies. Now, the course 
of business is the same to a certain extent with respect to the two 
companies. The plaintiffs employ canvassers in different parts 
of the country to endeavour to obtain orders for the sewing 
machines of the plaintiffs. Their customers are principally 
domestic servants ; and when the sewing machine was sold to the 
servant, a contract in writing was taken from the servant agree- 
ing to pay the price by certain instalments. Canvassers were also 
employed by the defendant company for the purpose of selling 
the Singer sewing machines. Now, the plaintiffs allege that they 
discovered that they were being interfered with, improperly and 
unfairly, by the servants of the defendants in this way—that as 
soon as machines had been sold by the plaintiffs’ agents and 
delivered, the customer was shortly afterwards interviewed by 
the servants of the defendants, and, according to the case made, 
the machine supplied by the plaintiffs was unduly and unfairly 
depreciated and disparaged by the servants of the defendants ; 
the machine, the servant girl was informed, was ‘‘ German trash ;” 
she was led to believe that she was imposed upon; she was 
induced to return the plaintiffs’ machine, and to take in lieu of 
it one of the Singer machines ; the contract that was entered into 
she was induced to break; and, to facilitate the transaction, the 
servants of the defendants themselves took possession of the 
plaintiffs’ machine and sent it back carriage unpaid to the 
plaintiffs, and the return of the machine was accompanied in most 
cases by a letter purporting to be written by the customer, but in 
fact dictated by the defendants’ servant or agent, and the letter, 
as a general rule, contained an utterly untrue statement as to the 
reasons for the return of the plaintiffs’ goods. Now, that was 
the ease that was made on the part of the plaintiffs; and it was 
not denied, and could not be denied, that if that case was made out 
the plaintiffs’ business had been unduly and improperly and 
illegally interfered with, and that there would be a cause of 
action against an ordinary employer. I am satisfied, upon a 
consideration of the evidence offered, not only on the part of the 
plaintiffs, but also on the part of the defendants, that the 
plaintiffs’ case in that respect has been made out. The principal 
witness called for the plaintiffs, the witness who gave the fullest 
account of the system pursued by the defendants’ servants, was a 
man named White, who had formerly been in the employment. of 
the defendants, and I was asked to regard his evidence with 
suspicion from the fact that he had left the defendants and was 
no longer intheiremploy. But his testimony is amply corroborated 
by the evidence of the different customers called on the part of 
the plaintiffs, and further by some significant letters that passed 
in July, 1893, and by one very important circumstance, that lists, 
containing the names and addresses of customers of the plaintift 
company were furnished to the agents of the defendants, at any 
rate in Bedford, and were acted on for the purpose of carrying out 
the systematic interference with the plaintiff company that I 
have already referred to, down to April, 1894. Moreover, when 
the evidence of the witnesses called on the part of the defendants 
—-persons in authority—persons in the position of superintendents 
—TI refer to Mitchell, Orrell, and Raper, when their evidence is 
carefully considered, no one, I think, could entertain a doubt that 
they were aware, to some extent, of what was being done, and 
that they took no steps to prevent a continuance of this conduet 
of the defendants’ servants. For all these reasons, I come to the 
conclusion that the first position taken by the plaintiffs, namely, 
to establish this wrongful interference with their trade, has been 
made out and established. But that being so, the defendants’ 
counsel took this position. It was said: Assuming that all this 
was done by these servants and subordinates, the acts were not 
acts within the scope of the servants’ authority, and, as a matter 
of fact, they said the true conclusion was that they were the 
spontaneous wrongful acts of these different persons. I have not 
the least doubt, in point of fact, that what was done was done 
within the scope of their authority. They were employed to sell 
the defendants’ machines. They had instructions from the 
principal officer of the defendant company, who was called before 
me, that they were only to deal fairly. They were to be very 
careful about that, but it wasleft to them to say what was fair 


14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





and what was unfair, and no precaution was taken to prevent 
their being unfair. What was done, therefore, appears to me to be 
clearly within the scope of their authority. Buta further point 
was made. It was said, supposing those acts were 
within the scope of the servants’ authority, what they did 
was not done for the benefit of their employers, but was done 
from the personal motive that they wanted to earn 
theix commission, and reliance was placed upon that; 
and every effort was made to bring this case within the authority 
of the British Mutual Banking Company v. The Charnwood 
Forest Railway Company, reported in 18th Queen’s Bench 
Division, page 714. But I am satisfied again that the course of 
conduct pursued was systematic, that it was not confined to the 
canyassers who might have earned the commission, but that it 
was known to other and superior officers of the defendants, and 
that | should be wrong if I came to the conclusion, in point of 
fact, that what was done was not done for the master’s benefit, 
but was done exclusively for the benefit of the servant, There- 
fore, the second point made on the part of the defendants appears 
to me to share the fate of the first. It is made out to my 
satifaction, in point of fact, that these acts done were done by 
the servants of the defendants within the scope of their authority, 
and for the use and benefit of their employers. 

Then a third position is taken. It was said, granted that these 
acts were done, and granted that they were within the ambit of 
the duties of the servants, still the defendant company here is a 
corporation, and the ingredient of malice necessarily enters into 
this cause of action, and a corporation, whether it be an American 
corporation or an English corporation, is incapable of malice ; it has 
no mind, no conscience, and is free from all responsibility in 
respect of any act into which the consideration of malice enters. 
It is needless to say that I was referred to that well-worn 
authority, Baron Alderson’s Judgment in the 10th Exchequer ; 
also to the very well-known and more recent Judgment (equally 
well-worn I should say at the same time) of Lord Bramwell in 
Abrath v. The North-Eastern Railway Company, llth Appeal 
Cases, page 247; and also to the recent case of Neville v. The 
Fine Art and General Insurance Company, Limited, which is only 
reported in the Times Law Reports for 1895, page 232. But, 
when we turn to what Lord Bramwell said, it will be manifest 
how very limited the operation of the rule that he referred to 
really is, and how clearly from his statement of the law he excepts 
such a case as the present. His Lordship says, ‘‘I say, therefore, 
that no action lies, even if you assume the strongest case, namely, 
that of the very shareholders directing it, or the very directors 
ordering it, because it is impossible that a corporation can have 
malice or motive ; and it is perfectly immaterial that such 
subordinate officer or individual of the company have such malice 
or motive. In the case which I put, an action would lie against 
the directors personally who had ordered animproper prosecution. 
It may be that no action would lie against any subordinate who 
had malice and who had not ordered or caused or procured the 
prosecution, because although the two ingredients exist which are 
necessary for the maintenance of such an action— that is to say, 
malice and the absence of reasonable and probable cause—yet in the 
case which I surmise, the man would be a prosecutor, and unless 
you find the absence of reasonable and probable cause and malice 
in him who is the prosecutor, an action is not maintainable.” 
That is the first statement of his proposition. Then, on page 
253, he says: ‘‘It is certain that a corporation may order a thing 
to be done which is a trespass, because there the act of those who 
act for the corporation is not ultra vires.’ There there is aclear 
indication of the principle upon which the learned Lord was 
pronouncing his judgment. An act done wltra vires by somebody 
who is placed in the position of representing a company cannot be 
brought home to the company if malice be a necessary ingredient 
of the action against the company; but if intra vires, quite 
different consequences follow, as the noble Lord points out : 
“For instance, take the case of false imprisonment. A railway 
company gives somebody power to take up persons who it believes 
are doing some wrong to the company. Ifa person isso authorised, 
that is an authority which may be unreasonably exercised. You 
cannot give an authority maliciously to prosecute, but you may 
give an authority to take up persons who are cheating a railway 
company. If that person to whom authority is given makes a 
mistake and takes up a person who is not cheating, it may, in 
such a case, be said properly to be the act of the company, and 
they are properly liable.” Every word of that is applicable to 
this case, because here the position of the plaintiffs is that the 
defendants, within the powers that they possessed in carrying on 
their business, placed certain persons to represent them, and to 
assist them in carrying on their business, and, though those persons 
were guilty of misfeasance and breach of duty it may be, never- 
theless, that the principals are liable. It is unnecessary to refer 
to the multitudes of cases which have established, in recent times, 
that, where this peculiar element of personal malice does not enter, 
a corporation may be liable for tort and breach of contract, 
although it has no mind, no conscience, and no intent, exactly 
as the individual may be liable. I will only refer to the case of 
Edwards v. The Midland Railway Company, 6th Queen’s Bench 
Division, page 287, where that is expressly held, and to the 
numerous cases referred to in the Charnwood Forest Case, where 
all the authorities are discussed. The best instance among these 
various cases of the principle applicable to this case is the case of 
Green v. The London General Omnibus Company, in 7th Common 
Bench, New Series, 290. I cannot draw any distinction between 
this case and the case ofan omnibus company employing a driver, 
where the driver is guilty of misfeasance within the scope of his 
authority, and the act is done for the benefit of his employer, the 
company is liable. Here the act is done by the servant in the 
course of his employment, for the benefit of his employer, and is 
an act of misfeasance, Therefore it seems to me that the 


AUG. 1, 1895. 





defendant company is responsible. The ingredient of malice in 
any reasonable sense of the term does not enter into this action in 
any way whatever. It isa pure question of the kind that I have 
mentioned, sayouring more of contract than of any serious form of 
tort, where a company or an individual employs a servant to act 
on their or his behalf, and that servant, in the course of his 
employment, and for the benefit of his employer, is guilty of a 
breach of duty which injures another. That being so, the 
plaintiffs have established their case, and are entitled to damages. 
What damages ought they to have? Two defendants have been 
joined with the defendant company in this case. Both have ceased 
to be in the employment of the defendants ; but what they did, 
they clearly did in the belief that they were performing their duty 
to their employers, and I do not think, as regards either of them, 
though their position somewhat differs on the evidence, that there 
ought to be judgment for a large amount of damages against them. 
Those who are really responsible are the other defendants, the 
defendant company. As regards them, I have had some difficulty 
in arriving at the proper amount of damages, bearing in mind that 
probably the result of this action will be to protect the plaini:tY 
in the future from any such interference as he complains of. 1 
accept the statement of the learned counsel for the defendants that 
there was no intention on the part of those who are mainly responsi- 
ble for the conduct of the business of this company to be guilty of the 
unfair and improper conduct of which their servants are shown to 
have been guilty. But they have done considerable damage to 
the plaintiff company. Forty or fifty of the machines have been 
sent back in this way under circumstances of considerable 
publicity, and in a way calculated to do an injury, and a serious 
injury, to the plaintiffs’ business. However, it is not a case for 
vindictive damages, but for aamages that I hope will be compen- 
sation for any pecuniary loss that they have sustained. I give judg- 
ment for £250 against the defendant company. As regards the 
two other defendants, I give judgment for 40s. in each case, and I 
direct that they shall pay the costs of the action. There will be 
judgment, therefore, for £250 and costs against the company, and 
for 40s. against each of the other defendants with costs—and costs 
on the High Court scale. c 

Counsel having argued for some time that as the acts complained 
of were done contrary to the instructions or wish of The Sincer 
Manufacturing Company they, as a corporation, were not liable, 
the following judgments were delivered :— 

THE MASTER OF THE Rouus: I think Mr. Bullen has said 
everything that is to be said, but I think that Mr. Justice Mathew 
has acted upon the proposition which I have just deseribed. It is 
quite clear that there must be malice in what is done. With 
regard to the travellers or servants of this company, what did they 
do? They did go and try to induce maid-servants, who are the 
people who use these sewing machines, and who had bought them, 
to send back those machines which they had used, and which they 
were to pay for by instalments, not to pay the instalments, but 
to buy their employers’ sewing machines instead. There is 
evidence which the Judge has believed because it was corroborated. 
It was given by one of the men who said that he helped to do it, 
but he was corroborated, believing that by saying all sorts of 
things, every bad thing that they could possibly say about the 
machines which they knew to be untrue, that they could persuade 
these maid-servants, therefore they did it by telling all kinds of 
falsehoods to these maid-servants, and endeavoured to persuade 
them that the machines were all rubbish, although they did not 
believe it. They, therefore, by heaping falsehood upon falsehood 
tried to persuade these wretched, stupid maid-servants to break 
their contract, and that they did for the benefit of the defendants. 
Now, it is no use to hesitate about the matter. That which they 
did was malicious and wicked. 

But it is said, ‘‘ Yes, but their employers were not malicious ; 
they could not have any malicious feeling,’ and it is necessary 
that they should have malicious feeling. Is that true?—Mr. 
Justice Mathew acts upon this proposition: If the masters 
authorise their servants to do such malicious things as were done 
by the servants of these defendants—if they authorise them to do 
it, either in the first place by telling them to go and do the very 
thing which they had done, or when they find that the servants 
are doing that malicious thing, and doing so that they, the 
masters, profit by the servants’ doing that malicious thing, and 
they let them go on, and therefore knowingly take advantage of 
these malicious falsehoods, which their servants were telling ; 
he says you do not want to ask whether there is malice. That is 
equivalent to their authorising the servants, or recognising the 
servants, as doing these for things their benefit, and if 
they do that they are liable. I cannot have any 
doubt myself, if that be truly made out, that the prin- 
cipals in such a transaction then are liable. That is what Mr. 
Justice Mathew has held, and that proposition, if made out, is not 
contrary to any of the cases decided ; nay more, it seems to be 
recognised in the judgments which have been cited that if that 
were done the principal would be liable. I think, therefore, that 
these defendants were liable for the malicious and wicked acts 
done by their servants of which they had cognizance, and which 
they knowingly took the advantage of. I think that has been 
made out, and that the learned Judge was right, and this appeal 
must be dismissed. 

Lorp Justicr Kay: I agree ; I have nothing to add. 

Lorp Justice A. L. SMirH : So do I. 

Mr. Isaacs: My Lord, the appeal will be dismissed with costs. 

THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS: Yes. 

Mr. Isaacs: Will your Lordship order the money to be paid 
out of Court ? 

THE MASTER OF THE ROLLS: Yes. 


ES 
SINGS (family and medium), 2s., Wheeler & Wilson, 
4s. per gross, per post.—-Cox & Co., Eagle Works, Alcester. 


Aue. 1, 1895. 


KING'S v. SINGER. 
INTERVIEWS WITH THE PARTIES. 

Shortly after the judgment in the Appeal Court, our representa- 
tive sought an interview with Mr. Gilbert D. Wansbrough, the 
Singer Company’s solicitor, to ask if it was likely that King’s 
». Singer would be taken to the House of Lords. Mr 
Wansbrouch said that he thought not, and added that the appeal 
which had wlready taken place was solely due to the advice of 
counsel. 

What was counsel’s opinion ? 

Why, that as the acts complained of were done by our servants, 
not only without our consent, but against our strict instructions, 
we as a corporation were not liable. 

You admit that your servants had acted wrongfully ? 

Certainly, and they are no longer in our service. We were 
advised by counsel that since we had neyer authorised these acts 
we could not be held responsible for them, hence our defending an 
action which is quite unique. 

You say it is unique? 

Yes, there has never been an action on all fours with this case in 
the Courts before ; but although it is unsatisfactory to lose it has 
one great redeeming feature. 

What is that? 

Why, the Singer Company are the greatest sufferers in the 
country from unfair trading, and since we now have some sort of 
limitation—not very clear, I admit—to convassing methods 
laid down by the Courts, we shall insist upon other firms in the 
trade being more careful in the future. 

Do you say that your company suffer much from unfair trading ? 

Yes; not only by the illegal use of our name to sell imitation 
machines, in connection with which two actions are now pending, 
but also from our machines being turned out by means equally as 
objectionable as is charged against our men. We are constantly 
yeceiving complaints of this nature against other firms. 

Then you are not heart-broken over your loss ? 

Well, we are, of course, sorry to lose. But when we get over 
the pain of being unsuccessful we shall, perhaps, have cause to be 
well satisfied with the result of the trial. As you know, we employ 
thousands of salesmen, and anything which makes for morality 
in the canvassing trade and benefits others must, of course, 
equally benefit us. 

As we were leaving, Mr. Wansbrough reminded us that Mr. 
Henry Raper, the present general manager of the Singer Company 
for the United Kingdom, was not in office at the time the acts 
complained of were committed. Further, that at this period Mr. 
J. Whitie, his predecessor, was away for the benefit of his health. 

st 


= 

Our representative managed also to have a word with Mr. 
Henry Raper on the subject of King’s v. Singer. Mr. Raper said 
that there was great desirability of only engaging honest 
respectable men and thoroughly training them for their work. 

You believe, then, that canvassing requires learning ? 

Ido. It has been my aim for years to get men to realise this, 
and I have succeeded to some extent, but it is uphill work. The 
average man who wants to canvass for sewing machines expects 
to start at once without any tuition and to immediately earn 
a wage exceeding that of skilled artisans. 

About this unfair trading question and your company. Do 
you think the judgment will affect your business? 

If you mean affect it to our disadvantage my reply is certainly 
not. Indeed, I expect it to benefit us. 

How? 

Why, since it is to the interest of The Singer Manufacturing 
Company to employ only efficient and honest salesmen, it clearly 
cannot pay the company to have unscrupulous men in their service. 

Do you think the turning-out system unprofitable ? 

Undoubtedly it is. When one speaks of morality there are 
many people, as you know, ready to sneer. Looking at the 
question, then, from a purely selfish, or from a commercial point 
of view, I say that it does not pay any firm for their men to act 
dishonourably, and I also say that my company have suffered 
more at the hands of unfair traders than any other firm. 

You also say that it demoralises the salesmen ? 

It certainly does. We want to sell our machines on their 
merits, and in fair competition with other makers, and we desire 
that our salesmen get their orders in a proper and legitimate 
manner. If we were to countenance dishonourable practices 
against other firms, how could we expect our men to act honourably 
to the Singer Company ? 

Do you get many complaints as to your machines being turned 
out by your competitors ? 

We frequently hear of this being done, hence we are as 
interested as anyone else in having the thing stopped. 

Since you have been general manager have you had many 
complaints from competitors ? 

Some, but not numerous. 

Did you investigate them ? 

In every case ; and am always willing to do so, and I expect 
similai treatment when we are the offended party. 

As you have investigated the complaints made by other firms, 
can you suggest any remedy which would stop these troubles ? 

Well, there is always sure to be some servants in every trade 
who ill sacrifice the reputation and honour of their employers 
for gain. But I think one cause of the trouble is a revengeful 
feeling on the part of a canvasser towards his old employer. 

Ts that so? : 

I have almost invariably found it to be the case, and I should 
like to add that experience teaches me that you never find a 
really efficient salesman among those who resort to unscrupulous 
methods to sell sewing machines. The best salesmen are the 
most upright and honourable. 

Mr. Raper said that although it appears to be the law, it is very 
hard indeed that the reputation of anemployer should be in any 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 


danger of being jeopardised, and even injured, by his employees. 
The employer should, he thought, only be blamed if he condoned 
or approved of the malpractices of his servants, and as long as he 
was general manager he would sanction nothing which was not 
fair and legitimate trading. 

On closing the interview, Mr. Raper said that a great amount 
of this unfair trading could be avoided if employers would 
scrutinise more thoroughly the antecedents of new employees and 
not engage new people without even taking references, which is 
frequently done now by opposition firms. 

as 


= 
INTERVIEW WITH THE “OTHER SIDE.” 

On meeting Mr. James Bray, the managing. director of King’s 
Universal Supply, Limited, our representative inquired, ‘“‘ Are 
you satisfied with the judgment in your law-suit ?” 

Mr. Bray said that he was satisfied so far as it goes. 

So far as it goes? 

Yes. We asked for an injunction, but did not get this, which 
would haye given us increased satisfaction. 

Why did you not get the injunction? 

Well, I suppose it was because of the attitude taken up by the 
defendants. They pleaded that they never authorised the 
acts complained of, and would not let. them be repeated, and I 
suppose this satisfied Mr. Justice Mathew. 

Have you fought the case single-handed ? 

We have; and it has caused us,a deal of trouble and expense. 

Have you suffered very much from the turning-out system? 

Yes, to an incredible extent. We only sought to prove fifty 
instances, but that by no means represents the whole of the 
cases we could have proved, extending over a number of years 
before my business was purchased by the present company. 

And you meant to stop it if possible? 

T did, as it exists in the trade to an enormous extent. 

Have other firms than the one yousued turned out your goods? 

Yes, a few ; and we really took up the case to get the law laid 
down so as to protect ourselves and others from this illegitimate 
practice. 

I suppose that there will always be canvassers who will overstep 
the line between fair and unfair canvassing ? 

No doubt, but I contend that their employers should use their 
best endeavours to control them. 

What is your remedy ? 

Well, I say that the aggrieved trader should, as I have always 
done, make a complaint to the employer of the unscrupulous 
canyasser. 

And what then? 

Why, that the complaint should be investigated on the spot and 
without prejudice to either party, and a rea) attempt be made to 
find out the truth of the matter.: 

And if the allegation is proved ? 

Well, I then think that the least that can be done is for the 
firm in the wrong to insist upon their canvasser fetching back the 
article wrongfully supplied, refunding his commission, and for him 
to write the aggrieved party an apology with a promise not to 
repeat the offence, also to make an attempt to replace the article 
which he had displaced. This would satisfy me and also, I think, 
most firms in the trade. 

Do you think the turning-out system pays? 

IT am sure it does not. 

Can you give proof ? : 4 

Well, from my investigations I am certain that out of twenty 
machines displaced in the way I complain of eighteen will not stay 
out. 

Why is this? 

The agent has to tell lies as a rule to get out another person’s 
goods and supplant them with his own firm’s articles, and these 
lies afterwards recoil on himself. 

And the other two? 

Well, these have to be kept in and the payments obtained by 
dint of the assistance of the canvassers’ employers or 
superintendents. (anaes 

Do you think unfair trading injurious to the canvasser ? 

Most certainly it is demoralising to the canvasser, and it cannot 
possibly pay-the employer so well as legitimate business. — 

Having had a machine turned out, do you find it difficult to 
get it restored ? ‘ 

Not if the right course is pursued. 3 

Have you found any falling off of late in the number of 
machines turned out ? 

Ihave. The machines of my company sent back are 90 per 
cent. less than they were before we got our undertaking. 

How do you account for this ? 

Well, canvassers and their employers, I believe, are now alive 
to the fact that the turning out of a competitor’s machine is 
wrong and illegal, and I hope to see it a dead letter in a very 
short space of time. ¢ 

I believe you have an arrangement with other firms to 
the effect that an investigation will take place of any complaint 
between you as to unfair trading? 

IT have. 

With what result? ; 

Frietion and unnecessary expense are avoided to our mutual 
benefit. 

These arrangements date back before your action was entered ? 

Yes, and before, of course, we knew what view the Courts would 
take. 

Then your action was, to some extent, a test case ? E 

Certainly ; although I felt pretty certain that the turning-out 
system would not be approved of by the Judges, and that we only 
required a High Court Judgment to put it down all over the 
country. We now have this, and I have been warmly congratu- 
lated on the result by many traders in all parts of the kingdom. 

Mr. Bray informed us, in conclusion, that all his company’s 
machines are known as the “ Universum.” 


16... The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


TRIAL AND SENTENCE OF MR. ROTAH- 
WELL. 


Last month Mr. Justice Wills and a jury were engagedat the 
Manchester Assize Court in investigating the charges against 
William Rothwell, the well-known sewing and knitting machine 
dealer, and William Entwistle, both of Bolton, who had been 
bailed on committal, with conspiring to defraud, in various ways, 
the Rothwell Hosiery..Company. (Lim.).—The prosecution was 
conducted by Mr. Sutton, Mr. Byrne, and Mr. Woodroofe 
Fletcher. The prisoner Rothwell-was defended by Mr. Bigham, 
Q.C., M.P., and Mr. Wilkinson. Mr. M‘Keand and Mr. Jordan 
defended Entwistle.—Mr. Sutton, in opening the case, said the 
charge against the prisoners was that of conspiring te produce false 
stock and‘ balance-sheets with a view to induce people to take up 
sharesin the company. The Rothwell Hosiery Company was incor- 
porated in 1886. It was a small company with small beginnings. 
The capital was £10,000, which was divided into 1,000 shares, of 
which 700 were B shares and 300-A shares. The whole of the. B 
shares were held by Rothwell. By the constitution ‘of the 
company there: was. power to increase the capital, and 
by the, articles of association Rothwell was to he ‘paid 
a salary of £50 per annum with-15 per cent. upon the net profits, 
but provision was also made that. his salary might be altered. An 
extraordinary general meeting was held in 1888, when the capital 
was increased to £20,000, and at the same meeting a resolution 
was passed that the stock. should be taken at 12% per cent. off 
selling price and 24 off cost. price, and that Entwistle should be 
the director to take the stock.. The capital in 1890 was finally 
increased to £200,000. _ In 1890 the Victoria Mills were purchased 
from Mr. Rothwell for £36,000. 
in the company, but it was agreed that he was not to receive any 
dividend unless 10, per ‘eent. was paid to the shareholders. In 
order to raise additional capital a prospectus was got out for the 
issue of new shares. For some time all went well with the 
company, but gradually the rapidly growing stock-in-trade caught 
the attention of the auditors. The balance-sheet of December, 
1891, showed stock-in-trade to the enormous value of £103,795. 
The real value ought to have been £85,000, and the £103,000 was 
a fictitious item. It was in the manipulation of the stock-sheets 
that the alleged fraudulent practices had, according to the 
prosecution, been committed. In March, 1891, the directors 
resolyed that, there should be an issue of share capital, and that 
Rothwell and Entwistle should put on the market the increased 
share capital of the company. As the company was running short 
of money it was decided to obtain a loan at 5 per cent. Not- 
withstanding that the position of the company was known to the 
directors they, in July of the same year, declared an interim 
dividend of 10 per cent. The company being under great 
pressure, negotiations were begun with the Liverpool Mortgage 
Insurance Company (Limited) in order to raise [£65,000. About 
this time Rothwell saw Mr. Lello, of the insurance company, who, 
on his assurance that the company was in a flourishing condition, 
took up some shares and became a director. He and Mr. 
Johnson, however, always left things in the hands of Rothwell 
and Entwistle. The stock-sheets were copied by Salkeld, 
a former servant of the company, who in his evidence 
would say that he was directed. to destroy the stock- 
sheets, but that he kept them. Had these stock-sheets 
not been kept by Salkeld the fraud would never have been 
discovered. AVhon the sheets were put before Rothwell he told 
Salkeld that the totals were wrong and that the stock must be 
taken over again. Entwistle and Salkeld examined the stock 
again, but they could find no mistake. Rothwell said they must 
. have it altered. The sheets of the spinning department showed 
a deficit of £3,000. They were taken before Rothwell, who said 
they were wrong, and subsequently fresh sheets were prepared 
showing a profit of £4,000 instead of a loss. Upon this a 
dividend of 10 per cent. was declared, and Rothwell got his com- 
mission of 15 per cent. The stock-sheets of 1892 were also, 
continued’ Mr. Sutton, manipulated, and the company, was 
wound up in 1894.—The first witness called was Mr. Halliday, 
of the firm of Messrs: Davidson and Cookson, accountants, 
Liverpool. He said he took possession of the books of the 
company when the receiver was appointed. In1894 he found some 
rough stock-sheets in different parts of the mill. Some of them 
were hidden behind boxes and under the stairs. In 1894 he took 
stock on behalf of his firm. He found the rough stock-sheets for 
March in No. 3 reserve stockroom. He compared these rough 
sheets with the stock book, and found that the stock was £23,000 
too much.—After the witness had been cross-examined by Mr. 
Bigham, Mr. James Carter, an accountant with Messrs. P. and 
J. Keevan, Bolton, gaye evidence to the effect that he audited 
the books of the Rothwell Hosiery Company (Lim.) for the year 
ending December, 1891. He went through the manufacturing 
stock book and found the total to be £81,238. The spinning 
s".ck was £22,556 1ds., which gave a total of over £103,090. 
A report was presented -by the accountants to a meeting of 
the shareholders calling their attention ‘, the enormous quantity 
of stock. Questions were asked by the shareholders as to the 
value of the stock. Rothwell said that the stock was taken at 
cost price, less 24. per cent. He also said that this amount of 
stock was an advantage because it would realise more than it was 
put down for. From 1890 to 1891 the stock had increased by 
£33,000.—Cross-examined by Mr. Bigham: The business of the 
firm had greatly increased in 1891. In the spinning department 
the wages were half as much again in that year.. Under these 
circumstances he would expect to see an increase in the stock. 
He had no reason to think or suspect that any fraud was being 
committed:—Samuel Salkeld said he entered the business of the 
Rothwell Hosiery Company in 1890, and in December, 1891, took 
part in taking the stock. Mr. Johnson and Mr. Lello, the other 


Rothwell received 6,000 shares ° 


Avec. 1, 1895. 


directors, checked the stock as it appeared in the rough stock book. 
Witness afterwards entered the stock at list price. Rothwell did 
not instruct him to. make any deductions of 124 per cent. He had 
the rough stock-sheets of goods from the mill sent to him, and he 
made fair copies of them. He entered them at list price as 
instructed by Rothwell. The rough sheets were checked and 
locked up in his desk. He (witness) left the fair copy with 
Rothwell and Entwistle, and half an hour afterwards he was sent 
for by Rothwell, who told him there was a mistake in the mill- 
stock, but that he thought the warehouse stock was all right. 
Rothwell then told him to go through the mill with Entwistle 
and find out where the mistake was. He went with 
Entwistle as directed, but could not discover the mistake. 
Entwistle said it would be very difficult to find the 
mistake unless they took the whole of the stock again. He 
(Entwistle) thought the mistake would be rectified at the next 
stocktaking. Entwistle suggested that they should make the 
alteration rather than take stock again. Witness said that the 
proposition had better be made to Mr. Rothwell. They went to 
Rothwell, who said he would have the mistake found out at once. 
Rothwell also said that the mistake amounted to £10,000. 
Witness suggested that he should take £40,000 worth of stock 
and increase the price 25 per cent., which would make an addi- 
tional sum of £19,000. Rothwell assented. Entwistle was 
present at the time. Rothwell asked who he would get to help 
him, and he (witness) replied Vause. Vause was a clerk. 
Rothwell told him to go somewhere where no one would see them. 
They went to the top room of the warehouse, where it was quiet. 
They made the alteration in the mill stock. He re-wrote the 
stock-sheets and added £10,000. Before they began Mr. Entwistle 
came into the room and said that as they were increasing the prices 


they had better alter the quality, so that the alteratiou might not- 


be detected. The altered sheets were in the writing of Vause. 
When they had completed the alterations he gave the sheets 
to Entwistle. He was subsequently told to destroy the original 
sheets from which the alterations had been made. He did 
not destroy them, but kept them locked up in his drawer till 
December, 1892. He then handed them over toa Mr. Moris, and 
they were now before the Judge. Mr. Entwistle said he was 
sorry that he (witness) had not added two or three thousand 
more, as it would haye enabled them to discount the stock more. 
Witness said ‘‘ How much do you want adding ?”? He (Entwistle) 
said, ‘* About four thousand pounds.”” Some pages were added 
at the end. Some of the sheets were duplicated. He submitted 
the sheets to both Rothwell and Entwistle. By a mistake he had 
added £8,000, but Entwistle, in the hearing of Rothwell, said, 
‘© Oh, never mind, we shall be able to discount the stock all the 
more.” At the Botany Mill Entwistle made alterations in the 
weights of stock, adding figures at random. 
the bookkeeper, were ordered to write new sheets with his altera- 
tions. They did so, and were occupied till nearly eleven o’clock at 
night.—Cross-examined by Mr. Bigham: Witness admitted he 
was a party to these gross frauds. He should not be standing in 
the dock because he was not doing anything to his own advantage. 
He was a servant. When Rothwell said a mistake of £10,000 
had been found, he (witness) did not think it was true. The 
suggestion that the mistake should be rectified came from him 
(witness). He could not say what Vause thought about the 
affair. There was no desk or table in the top room of the ware- 
house. They made a temporary desk. He kept the sheets 
for his own protection. At the end of 1892 he was charged with 
theft by Mr. Rothwell, and was acquitted. He was not guilty.— 
Amongst other witnesses examined on the first aay’s hearing 
was Samuel Vause, formerly an assistant warehouseman to the 
Rothwell Hosiery Company. He remembered, after the stock- 
taking of December, 1891, that Salkeld came to him with the 
sheets. He had heard the evidence of Salkeld, and what he had 
said about altering the prices and the qualities was correct. 
The witness said he copied the sheets at Salkeld’s dictation.— 
Samuel James Herrick, examined by Mr. Byrne, said he was yarn 
salesman to the Rothwell Hosiery Company, and lived at Leicester. 
The rough stock-sheets were in his office, and the prisoner 
Entwistle got them from him and increased the weight. In one 
of the memoranda from which he made out his rough stock Mr. 
Entwistle made an entry of £368 into £2,368 by prefixing the 
“9.” Another entry of £576 was altered by Mr. Entwistle to 
£7,576. There had been alterations of the qualities, but he could 
not at the moment point them out. In several instances the 
prices were in excess of the selling price of the yarn. Messrs. 
Johnson and Lello, the other directors, were not to his knowledge 
informed of the alterations. The witness was cross-examined at 
great length, to show that goods had been invoiced to the 
company which were not-included in: the stock. He suggested 
that Entwistle’s entries were meant to include these goods.—The 
principal witness the next day was Mr. J. W. Davidson, of the 
Liverpool Mortgage Insurance Company (Lim.), who described the 
circumstances under which the company guaranteed the debentures 
in the Rothwell Hosiery Company at the request of Rothwell.— 
Mr. W. P. Jacques, examined by Mr. Sutton, said he entered 
the service of the Hosiery Company in March, 1891. He was 
manager of the warehouse in the spinning department, and it was 
part of his duty to take stock. Witness took stock in December, 
1891, and found he had 100,765 Ibs. of yarn. He discovered 
afterwards that 9,157 Ibs. had been added to the quantities 
contained on his rough sheets. In December, 1892, when he again 
took stock, additions were afterwards made to his figures to the 
extent of over 17,900 Ibs. Im cross-examination by Mr. Bigham, 
the witness said that if the additions tohis figures had been 
made on account of moisture the principle would have been richt, 
but in his opinion the amounts so added would have been too great. 
The Bradford rules allowed the addition of 18} per cent. for 
moisture, but the additions to his figures represented between 19 


He and Herrick, 


Aue. 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 7 


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Agent-General for Europe, R, J, JOHNS, 44, FARRINGDON STREET, LONDON, E.C 





18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Aue. 1, 1895. 





and 20 per cent.—William Hesketh, formerly in the employ of the 
company as inside manager, said it was his duty to superintend the 
stocktaking. The stock-sheets were properly prepared at the end 
of 1894 so far as he was concerned. In 1894 Mr. Rothwell came to 


the mi}l and said the stock was not taken rightly. . Witness said - 


‘How 2” and Mr. Rothwell asked the: overlooker’ how he had 


taken the bobbins, and was told‘that they were taken as weighing) 


241b. They weighed some and found they were 3.lb., and Mr. 
Rothwell then said the stock would have to be taken over again. 
Witness said that could not be done, as they could not get the 
books in time, and Mr. Rothwell thereupon decided that they 
should add one-sixth to the stock acecount.—After some share- 
holders had been examined as to the statements which had been 
made to them by Rothwell as to the company’s position, David 
Johnson, Southport, who said he was a director of the company 
from 1888 to the date of the liquidation, was heard. He was a 
shareholder to the amount of £3,000, and he also advanced 
a loan of £16,000. He took no part in the management of 
the company, which was left in the hands of Rothwell and 
Entwistle. Witness described the part he took in the 
stocktaking of 1891. He afterwards signed the stock-sheets 
at the request of Rothwell and Entwistle. He at first 
objected to sign, as he had never been asked to do so before. He 
asked Mr. Rothwell to give him his assurance that the figures 
were all right.—Nicholas Lello, Southport, said he became a 
director of the company in December, 1891. Before joining the 
company he asked Rothwell what was the position of the 
company, and Rothwell replied that it was sound. The past 
history of the company, he said, had been most prosperous, but 
it had been hampered with very heavy legal charges, which, up 
to that time, had been paid out of revenue. For the future the 
company would not have to meet those charges, which had been 
paid out of dividend to that date, and, therefore, in the future, 
they might look for a very much better dividend. He then put 
before witness a prospectus issued by the company, and said it 
was very encouraging. He asked witness if he was willing to 
take a seat on the board of directors, and to bring fresh capital 
into the concern. ' He said all the company required was fresh 
capital, in order to fill spare rooms at the mill with machinery. 
In accordance with witness’s request Rothwell took him over the 
works. He showed him, in particular, some knitting machines 
which, he said, were exceptional machines, and which enabled 
the company to work at an advantage over every other concern. 
After witness joined the company he found Rothwell’s statement 
as to the knitting machines was untrue. He discovered that 
Rothwell was the managing director of a company which produced 
these very machines, and was distributing them all over the country. 
—After some further evidence from accountants the case for the 
prosecution was closed, no evidence being called for the defence.— 
‘Mr. Sutton addressed the jury on the part of the prosecution. 
He submitted that, looking at the positions occupied by the 
prisoners, it was impossible that the alterations which it was 
admitted were made in the books and returns could have been 
made without their knowledge. It was clear also that at the 
time these things were done the Rothwell Hosiery Company had 
to put a very good face upon things indeed if the concern was to 
goon. The bank was pressing them; they had failed to get an 
issue of shares taken up, and they had failed to get the debentures 
taken up which were to replace the debentures which the bank 
was no longer satisfied to hold. The case of the year 1891 only, 
if it stood alone, was absolutely unanswerable. Unless the fraud 
perpetrated in 1891 had been continued in 1892, and the accounts 
falsified to a like amount, the profit account must inevitably 
haye shown that there had been a falsification of the balance- 
sheet in 1891. Mr. Maw, in his evidence, showed that the 
falsification in 1891 amounted to £23,000, the falsification in 
1892 to £27,000—suflicient to cover the original false amount of 
£23,000 and add a little to the balance-sheet—and that the 
balance-sheet of 1894 was falsified to about the same amount. 
Learned counsel submitted that the conduct of the prisoners when 
the matter was brought home to them was consistent with their 
enilt.—Mr. Bigham, on behalf of the prisoner Rothwell, said unfor- 
tunately his client was not entitled to speak on his own behalf, 
nor was he entitled to submit himself to be cross-examined by 


Mr. Sutton with regard to the charges that were made against 
t=} t=} to} 


him. For his own part he could not conceive anything which 
could be more likely to elicit the truth in the matter than that 
Rothwell should go into the witness-box and should have the 
opportunity of telling his own story and being cross-examined 
upon it. Up to these proceedings no breath of suspicion had ever 
been breathed against Rothwell, who was a reputable, decent, and 
honest man. He had embarked all his wealth in the Rothwell 
Hosiery Company, and that he had an important stake in it no 
one would deny. The business had been a very prosperous one. 
For one year it paid 25 per cent., and for several years almost 
equally large dividends, so that the older shareholders, at all 
events, had received in consequence of the labours of Rothwell a 
very considerable part of the money they had invested in the 
business. At the end of 1891 there was no reason to suppose 
there had been a loss. On the other hand, there was reason to 
believe there had been a profit. He (Mr. Bigham) suggested that 
there was in the first taking of stock at the end of 1891 a serious 
and large deficiency. Apparently what then happened was, 
according to Salkeld, that Salkeld took the stock-sheets to 
Rothwell. As far as he (Mr. Bigham) could make out, the stock 
which was shown by those stock-sheets was about the same as the 
stock which was in existence at the end of the year 1890. Having 
regard to the great increase in the business, and the large increase 
in the amount of wages paid, that was impossible. Rothwell at 
once said there was some mistake, and sent Entwistle and Salkeld 
to find it out. Was that the conduct of a guilty man? If 
Rothwell, according to the evidence for the prosecution, knew that 
there was a mistake, what on earth was the object of sending these 
two men to finditout? Learned counsel, dealing with the conduct 





& Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 
registered last month by J. Greaves, 137, Balfour Street, 
Oldham, a new company, with a capital of £400 in £1 
shares. 
business of cycle and sewing-machine makers, repairers, 
agents and dealers, and spring, hinge, and press-work 
manufacturers, as now carried on at 116, Rochdale Road 
and Willowbank, Oldham, Lancashire. 
articles of association, 





of Salkeld in the matter, said his evidence was utterly unworthy 
of credence. He asked tlie jury to believe that the person wholly 
and solely responsible for these false entries in the stock book of 
1891 was the man who put them there—the man Salkeld. If 
they struck out the evidence of Salkeld there was, he submitted, 
no case for the prosecution. It was incredible that Rothwell 
should have put himself into the power of a man like Salkeld ; 
that he would have left in Salkeld’s hands loose sheets which 
were evidence of his guilt, and that he left an open book lying on 
the desk of the office from which his guilt could be at any 
moment conclusively proved. As to the balance-sheets of 1892 
and 1894, no evidence had been called by {the prosecution to 
connect Rothwell with either of those balance-sheets. Having 
dealt at length with the evidence, Mr. Bigham said he found 
that the whole of the prosecution in this case was based upon the 
evidence of as wicked a man, according to his own showing, as 
ever came into a court of justice. He asked the jury whether 
they were going by their verdict to send the prisoners into con- 
finement upon such evidence? There was no doubt that there 
were errors of a serious nature in the books, but the jury had to 
satisfy themselves that they were there with the knowledge and 
approbation of Rothwell. There was nothing but Salkeld’s 
evidence to show that he knew anything about  it.— 
Mr. M‘Keand, for the prisoner Entwistle, asked, as Mr. Bigham 
had already asked, what motive Entwistle could have had in going 
hand in hand with Rothwell in a conspiracy of the kind alleged ? 
Learned counsel reterred in severe terms to the evidence of Salkeld, 
and contended that he alone was responsible for the figures in the 
balance-sheets. He would, he added, be sorry to hang a dog, much 
less take away the liberty of a feHlow-creature, upon such evidence. 
—In summing up, his Lordship said that, taking all the facts into 
consideration, and putting the most merciful and most charitable 
construction upon it, the real question for the jury was whether 
they considered it possible that alterations which covered £18,000, 
and which were effected in a way that involved such a mass of 
added figures, altered figures, and so on, could haye been effected 
without the knowledge of the two responsible heads of the concern ? 
—The jury then retired, and upon their return 
announced that they had found both prisoners guilty.— 
The Judge, proceeding to pass sentence, said nobody could doubt 
that the jury had arrived at a true and correct verdict in the ease. 
He could not think it possible that the alterations in the stock- 
book could have been made without both prisoners being a party 
to it. As he had said in the course of his summing up, he did not 
attribute to either of them the basest of motives. He did not 
think it was done in order to sell the shares and make a profit. 
He thought their idea was that the concern might go on, and he 
had no doubt it was done in the hope that it might pull itself 
together again. That, however, could not excuse conduct like 
that of which the prisoners had been found guilty. When one 
reflected upon the position in life occupied by the prisoners, and 
the terrible example they set to others, it must be expected, when 
detection and conviction followed, that they would be treated 
with some severity, and he (the Judge) should be failing in his 
duty if he did not treat the case in that way. He looked upon 
Rothwell as the head and front of it. He could not imagine that 
Entwistle, with his subordinate position, would have 
conceived this thing for himself, and he must make a 
very substantial difference in the amount of the sentences.— 
The prisoner Rothwell, interrupting his Lordship, said he was not 
afraid of what the sentence might be. He had done his duty in 
the past, God knew. He would like to say to the Court openly 
that he had never spoken to Salkeld. For that company he had 
worked for the last ten years, and he had never received a penny, 
either in dividend, commission, or salary. He had werked night 
and day and had put into it his all. Eighty-five thousand pounds 
was pawned with the Union Bank, and the deeds of his house with 
Parr’s Bank. He had never had a single penny out of the company 
since it began. He had a machinery business, which he had been 
at the head of for the last fifteen years, and which had brought 
him in £3,000 a year, and a snop in Market Street, Bolton, which 
had also brought him in £400 or £500 a year. What he did not 
expend in living—and he had lived quietly—went back 
again into the Rothwell Hosiery Company, and when the 
company went into liquidation two-thirds of the share capital 
was his. He had never tried to prop up the company, and he 
had tried to do what was just and honest. No interview had 
ever taken place between himself and Salkeld. He had never 
spoken to Salkeld about the stocktaking, and had never told him 
to inerease or touch the prices inany shape or form. He (prisoner) 
had nothing to do with it, and he knew nothing about it, what- 
ever the sentence of the Court might be.—The Judge said it 
seemed quite impossible to conceive that the stock book could be 
manipulated in the fashion it had without the knowledge of 
Rothwell. It was his duty to pass a sentence on Rothwell of 
eighteen months’ imprisonment, with hard labour. Entwistle 
would be sentenced to nine months’ imprisonment, also with 
hard labour. 








NEW COMPANY. 
Under the style of Peters, Shepherd, & Greaves Cycle 
there was 


Its objects are to acquire and carry on the 


There are no 





AuG. 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 19 
Ieee re tt ene nae 


CAUTION. 


Cbereas, in an action brought in the High 
Court of Justice (Chancery Division) by THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY against a firm who offered for sale 
Sewing Machines not made by THE SINGER MANUFAC- 
TURING COMPANY as “Improved Singer Machines” and 
«_________’g Improved Singer Machines,” Mr. Justice Romer 
gave judgment in favour of THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY and restrained the defendants from using the 
trade name “Singer” in any way calculated to deceive, 


And fubereas rue siccr manuracturing 


COMPANY have received from numerous dealers who have 
also wrongfully used their trade name “Singer” apologies 
and undertakings not to again use the name in a manner 


caleulated to deceive, and have paid damages and 
costs, 


Notice is hereby given that THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY will proceed against all persons using 
their trade name “Singer” contrary to the said judgment 


of Mr. Justice Romer or otherwise wrongfully. 


GILBERT D. WANSBROUGH, 
39, Foster Lane, London, E.C. 
Solicitor to The Singer Manufacturing Company. 


20 | The Journal of Domestic Appliances 























































































Bradbury’s depot in Newgate Street, London, has just 
celebrated its twenty-first anniversary. 
* *% 


Mr. T. C. Cole, of the American Wringer Company, 
has just gone on a business trip to the States. 
* * 


Mr. John Robson, after ten years’ service with the Singer 
Manufacturing Company, mostly in Dundee, has just 
retired. 


* * 


* 
Mr. E. McNally, dealer in sewing machines, mangles, 
and perambulators, has just removed from Plymouth to 
10, Don Street, Jersey. : 


* * 
Messrs. Junker & Ruh, of Carlsruhe, Baden, have just 
celebrated their twenty-fifth anniversary as sewing 
machine manufacturers. 


Messrs. Biernatzki & Co., the well-known lamb 
knitting machine importers, have removed from 44 to 
118, Mansfield Road, Nottingham. 


The Sterling Manufacturing Company, of Davis Street, 


Cubitt Town, London, E., have now got their new mangle 
factory in working order, and have commenced to deliver. 
a * 


Mr. W. Dunkley, the well-known perambulator 
manufacturer, intends to apply for his discharge on the 
8th inst., which we hope he will receive, it being four 
years since his bankruptcy. 


* * 


The Singer Manufacturing Company have opened a 
warehouse in South-West Rose Street Lane, Edinburgh ; 
also new branch offices at 186, Hunslet Road, Leeds, and 
117, Albert Bridge Road, Belfast. 


Mr. G. W. Garton, the proprietor of the Highbury 
Machine Company, has just added to his number of 
depots by taking over the business lately carried on by 
Mr. J. Falahee at 22, West Green Road, Tottenham. 


Messrs. Rowley & Grote, of Elberfeld, write us that 
they are prepared to treat with manufacturers of prams. 
with a view to acting as wholesale agents in Germany. 
They inform us that they havea number of travellers 
who periodically call on the German cycle dealers. 

* = 


Messrs. John Stafford Anderson and Thomas King- 
ham Catchpool, trading as Anderson, Son, & Co., hosiery 
manufacturers, Liecester and Countesthorpe, also as the 
Universal Knitting Machine Company, Leicester, have 
dissolved partnership. Debts by J. S. Anderson, who 
continues. 


= & 


= 
We understand that Messrs. Robins & Perry, trading 
as Robins & Co., sewing machine dealers and jewellers, 
Clapham Junction, have dissolved partnership. Mr. 
Perry continues the business at the old address, and Mr. 
Robins has started a similar business on his own account 
at Battersea Rise. 


= & 


A correspondent of the New York Seweng Machine 
Times makes the suggestion that dealers should get the 
manufacturers to supply them with a complete set of the 
parts of a sewing machine for exhibition in their shop 
windows. He thinks it would interest the public, and 
show them that it costs sormething to build sewing 
machines. 


= * 


® 

In consequence of Mr. Berridge’s ill-health, the portion 
of the business of I. L. Berridge & Co. appertaining to shoe 
machinery manufacture, 9, Humberstone Gate, Leicester, 
has been disposed of to Messrs. Pearson & Bennion, Limited, 
of Union Works, Leicester, and London, who also take 
over the agencies for several sewing machines which the 
former company held. The business will be under the 
management of Mr. T. N. Driver, the late junior partner 
in the first-named firm. 

At the Manchester Police Court, on July 26th, George 
Mitchell was charged with embezzling £15, the property 
of his employers, Jones’ Sewing Machine Company, 
Limited, for whom he acted as canvasser and collector, 


iS aa 


Aue. 1, 1895. 





Mr. Robson, who appeared for the prisoner, urged in 
mitigation that the prisoner had been in the employ of 
the prosecutors for upwards of eighteen months, and this 
was his first offence. Finally the prisoner was sent to 
gaol for one month with hard labour. 

A novel defence was set up lastimonth to the claim of 
Mr. A. Webster, in the Halifax County Court. He sued 
a man named Butterworth to recover £8 1os., being the 
price of a sewing machine he sold to the defendant. The 
machine was returned to him and a second one supplied, 
but this, twelve days’ later, the dealer was asked to take 
back, which he refused todo. His Honour accepted the 
defendant’s statement that the machine was only had on 
approval, and gave judgment against Mr. Webster. 


* 

A company has just been formed, under the name of 
“Keats Bros., Limited,” with a capital of £40,000, to 
acquire and place under one management Keats Bros. 
& Co., Stafford (established 1885),and A. Batley & J. 
Keats, Lille and Paris (established 1889), manufac- 
turers of boot. and shoe machinery, to purchase numerous 
patents taken out by the Brothers Keats for a series of 
boot and shoe making machines, together with future 
improvements they may make in connection therewith. 


‘It is proposed to transfer the Lille business to Paris, 


and the vendors to remain in the service of the company} 
The valuations, &c., appear to be satisfactory, and the 
state of business also. 





A HUMAN STORAGE BATTERY. 


Henperson, N.Y., May sth.—The latest wonder here 
is an electrical girl, Mary Birchall, who lives with her 
parents in adilapidated frame house on the lake shore. 
One of her many alleged feats is that of transmitting a 
current of electricity toa sewing machine and a grind- 
stone, causing them to run at any desired rate of speed. 
All the family sewing is performed on an old-fashioned 
affair driven from an electric current from the girl’s 
finger tips, while the edged tools of the farm are sharpened 
on a grindstone revolved by the same force. She can 
light up a dark room at her will by her presence. 

The most marvellous thing, however, abvut the feat is 
that human eyes have not been able to see where the light 
comes from. When producing the phenomena she seems 
to be charged with all the electric energy ofa live wire, 
and it is extremely dangerous fora person to touch her. 
The atmosphere that surrounds her at such times repels 
and thus has saved many frominjury. A large shepherd 
dog, owned by the family, rubbed his nose against her 
when she was transmitting force to the grindstone and 
received a shock that stretched him lifeless. In illumi- 
nating the cow stable one night a vicious heifer kicked 
the girlon the hand. Instantly the animal experienced a 
shock that paralysed a limb, and, not recovering afterward, 
it was killed by Mr. Birchall. Zeke Harris, who lives over 
at Six Town Point, came over to investigate the case the 
other day. He asserted his willingness to undergo the 
torments of the girl’s power. He took hold of her and at 
onc2 began to experience shocks. He did not withstand 
the ordeal long, aud at the end of a few seconds he was 
unconscious.— Sewing Machine Advance of Chicago. 








THE COLOURS OF PRAMS. 


Messrs. Simmons & Co., the well-known perambulator 
manufacturers, have shown us a letter which they have 
received as follows :— 

At the request of my guide I write to ask you not to make black 
goods but curative colours, suchas blue, violet, red, yellow (and white). 
Black is the symbol of death and decay ; it came into the world through 
evil agency, and is against God’s divine law. Your guides earnestly 
pray that you will help us in this important matter. 

Yours faithfully, 
SNOWDROP. 

Messrs. Simmons asks usif wecan discern the meaning 

of their correspondent. Weare really unable to throw 


any light on the subject. 





WANTED, INFORMATION re any sewing 
machine (past or present) with toothed feed, ring driven, 
with pinion on same shaft, a rachet wheel actuated by 
lever and pawl. ‘Will any employe of Old Howe Com- 
pany communicate with “ Ratchet,” care of the Sewing 
Machine Gazette, 28, Paternoster Road, London, E.C 


Avuc. 1, 1895. ~ and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


A REVOLUTIONARY MACHINE. 
Startling Reductions in Prices to Dealers ! 


Lists in Preparation. Enquiries Inwited. 
SCOPSSSOSHOOSHSOSHS SOSH OSHS OH OHOS OH9OOH90OFHHF9HOHOF0FOSSOOOO 








Showing Bobbin in Position, REVOLVING Ia BOX. Showing Bobbin Out. 


For Accessories and Attachments. 
























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































The ee oi ae Woche... of 


OPPS COOP OPP OOOPSS OF 9OOBOOO99OFE E9000 OOOO COO SO9D0OSOOO OOOO OOOO POLO OOOO PHOS 
IEE LI O PLE IDPS IPED DDD ADE DDI DS 


WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING Co., 


Gp) fo <1]; PAUL STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON, E.C. 





i... Bees 


22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Aue. 1, 1895. 


ee 


TRADE IMPROVING IN THE STATES. 
The results of the sewing machine trade for the first 
half of 1895, says the Chicago Sewing Machine Advance, 


are quite encouraging, and the members of the trade are 


emerging from the gloom that has overshadowed them 
for some two years past. The general offices in this city 
(Chicago) all report a substantial increase in sales over 
the first half of the previous year, and a general toning 
up of the trade that places a cheerful aspect on the future, 
and preparations have been made or are under way for a 
more Vigorous campaign henceforth. One of the offices 
reports that a recent month’s sales equalled those of the 
largest previous month in the history of the office, which 
record was all the more extraordinary from the fact that 
the orders received were all small ones, none being for 
more than a dozen machines. 

The trade in manufacturing machines has been excel- 
lent during the spring months, and the demand still con- 
tinues in all lines. Manufacturers of clothing, boots and 
shoes, corsets, and many other lines have had all they 
could do to fill orders, and have imbibed such confidence 
in the future that they are making up stocks in advance, 
a thing that they have not dared to do since the panic of 
1893 set in. 

The voluntary advance in wages to their employes 
recently made by many large concerns through the 
country adds cheer to the general aspect of affairs, and 
if this sort of thing shall come to prevail generally it 
will do away with the distressing strikes that are usually 
resorted to to raise wages with a rising market and 
thereby materially hasten the progress the country is now 
making toward good times. 

Surely it seems as though sewing machine men may 
soon begin to smile again. 

(We might add that the sewing machine trade in the 
States was during last year the worst on record.) 








BOARD SCHOOLS AND SEWING MACHINE 
INSTRUCTION. 


At the School Board for London, on the 18th ult., the 
following took place :— 

The responsible teacher of the Lauriston Road, 
Hackney, Evening Continuation Schools for female 
pupils having asked to be supplied with a sewing 
machine for use in connection with the dress cutting 
class, the School Management Committee considered the 
matter and came to the conclusion that the application 
should be granted. The estimate for it was £5 5s. 

Mr. Davies accordingly made a motion to that effect. 

Mr. Flood moved the previous question, which, on a 
vote being taken, was lost by 18 to 16. 

Mr. Huggett moved as an amendment that the sewing 
machine should be supplied, provided its cost was covered 
by the fees for instruction. In his opinion this proposal 
was a mere piece of extravagance, and had nothing to do 
with education. He was anxious to see who were the 
Moderates who supported these proposals. 

Mr. Cecil seconced the amendment, which was lost by 
19 to 18. : 

Canon Bristow moved to add a further provision that 
the sewing machine should be used only by the 
responsible teacher, and this was seconded by: Canon 
Ingram. 

The Rev. J. J. Coxhead pointed out that this amenc- 
ment gave the case of the opposition away, for it was 
made on purely financial grounds. 

Canon Bristow offered to withdraw the amendment, 
but was not allowed to do so, and on a division it was 
defeated by 21 to 3. 

Mr. Key moved, and Mr. Riley seconded, the 
reference of the proposed recommendation back to the 
School Management Committee for further consideration 
and report, but this was lost by 20 to 18, and the original 
motion was agreed to. 








W. J. HARRIS S CO!S ANNUAL OUTING. 


On Saturday, July 20th, the employés of Messrs. W. J. Harris 
& Co., Limited (perambulator manufacturers, &c.), held their 
twelfth annual outing. 

The party, of about sixty, accompanied by Mr. W. J. Harris, 
Mr. H. Harris, junr., Mr. R. J. Johns, Mr. Johns, junr., 
and Mr. Howell left the chief depét, 219, Old Kent Road, S.E., 
at nine o’clock, in well-appointed brakes, and proceeded 7d New 
Cross, Lewisham, Bromley, Farnborough, Green Street Green, 


to Knockholt, Kent. At one o’clock the party partook of a 
sumptuous dinner at the Three Horseshoes Hotel, under the 
genial presidency of Mr. W. J. Harris, Mr. R. J. Johns being 
in the ‘‘ vice.” 

After dinner it was proposed to have a smoking concert on 
account of the rain, which fell very heavily till about three o’clock 
in the afternoon. 

Mr. R. J. Johns then rose and said he had to ask the company 
to drink the health of the chairman. Mr. Lowe, who had been 
Vice-Chairman for many years past, was not present, and he 
was called upon to take his place in proposing the toast. He was 
very glad to see so many present and to see the business grow as 
it did. 

Rising to respond, the Chairman, who was most enthusiasti- 
cally received, expressed his thanks for the way in which they had 
drank his health, and said it gave him great pleasure to be 
among them at these outings. He then went on to say that it 
was most unfortunate Mr. Lowe not being present, as he had 
made up his mind to come and he hoped that nothing had 
happened to him. He also stated that they had had an excellent 
season except January and February, which had been two very 
severe months. The accounts for January and February 
showed about £1,000 behind the corresponding period of last 
year, but they had made that amount up since, and hoped to 
have a better autumn. Any proposal that was made to him by 
anyone in the factory to increase their business he was always 
pleased to consider. He then added that a member of the firm 
had recently got married, and hoped he would soon make them 
busy in the perambulator trade. 

Mr. Howard was next called upon by Mr. Harris to sing, and 
was deservedly applauded, and Mr. Harris then announced a very 
important item onthe programme, viz., the toast of the visitors— 
Mr. Johns and Mr. Howell. He said that he did not think their 
outing would be complete without their visitors, as they had been 
present at these outings for so many years. Mr. Johns was a 
countryman of his, and they had both come to London together, 
and he was delighted to see him to-day. Hej thought that Mr. 
Johns had much to be proud of as he had gained a good position, 
and was known far and near, and he had done business with Mr. 
Johns for many years, and hoped to continue for many years to 
come. Then there was Mr. Howell, who was another old friend of 
his (Mr. Harris), and who has supplied cashmere, ete., for many 
years. He was sorry they had not done so much business lately 
on account of selling more mail carts than prams, and the carts 
do not require so much cashmere, lace, ete., but he was very 
pleased to have Mr. Howell with him. 

The health of Mr. Johns and Mr. Howell was then drank, and Mr. 
Hughes was called upon for a song, but wished to be excused, so 
Mr. Harris informed the party that all on the list had promised 
to give asong or stand drinks all round. Mr. Carter (steward) 
having sung, Mr. Howell rose to thank the company for the way 
in which they had drank his health, and said that he was 
very pleased to be with them on such an occasion and that he 
had served Mr. Harris with goods for many years now, and was 
sorry they were selling so many mail carts instead of prams, but 
hoped to do business with the firm for many years to come. Mr. 
Johns rose to respond, and said that he felt very grateful tothem for 
drinking his health. He went on to say that he was very much 
indebted to Mr. Harris for his success in life, as Mr. Harris had 
always lent him a hand where he possibly could, and he thought 
there was nobody in the world he appreciated more than Mr. 
Harris. He next said that if he could make any proposal to Mr. 
Harris he would wiliingly do so, especially if it was anything he 
could sell him, also that he was very glad to be with them, and 
hoped to see the same faces at many more outings. Songs were 
then sung by Mr: Martin and Mr. Brooks. Mr. Harris then 
proposed the health of the steward. He said that he thought the 
duties of a steward must’ be very responsible indeed, and if you 
wanted to inflict a punishment on him you could not do better 
than give him a position as steward, also that he was very 
thankful, and hoped that the rest of the company was too, for the 
most successful way the steward (Mr. Carter) had conducted the 
annual outing, and hoped that he would remain steward for many 
years to come. 

Mr. Carter’s health having been drank, Mr. Penning was called 
on for a song. 

Mr. Carter then rose to respond, and said : ‘‘ Mr. Chairman and 
gentleman, I thank you most heartily for drinking my health; 
unfortunately, we have picked out a wet day this year, but 
the duties of stewardship cannot guarantee a fine day. Of course 
the duties I have to attend to in the office donot allow much 
time for anything else, but with the aid of my fellow clerks I have 
once again been successful in making the outing a success. We 
have collected enough to cover the expenses of the brakes and 
dinner and a surplus to the young ladies, who do not come to the 
outing. I think, therefore, that the very least we can do is to 
drink the health of the subscribers to the outing funds. 

About seven o’clock the party mustered together for the return 
journey, which was ended satisfactorily about eleven o’clock. 

TB: 


WINDING-UP OF A SEWING MACHINE 
COMPANY. 


On the Ist ult., in the High Court of Justice, in ve 
the Combination Lock and Chain Stitch Sewing Machine 
and Attachment Syndicate, Limited, a compulsory 
order was made by Mr. Justice Romer. The petitioning 
creditor appeared in person. 








Atic. 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 23 


ssh 


WHEELER & WILSON’S ART WORK. 


The Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company, as 
many of our readers are aware, were one of the first manu- 
facturers to produce art work on the sewing machine. Of 
late yearsthey have paid but little attention to this interest- 
ing business, but at their handsome and spacious show- 
rooms in Cheapside, London, they have just re-established 
an art department. 

During a recent visit we were shown by Mr. Dickson, 
the depot manager, quite a fine collection of fancy 
articles, the firstfruits of the new art department com- 
prising animals, landscapes, &c. The principal novelty, 
however, is a reproduction of an etching of one of the 
oldest streets in Chester. This was executed by 
Mrs. Isabel H. Butler,an American lady, who is also 
an accomplished artist with pencil and brush. Strange to 
say this lady, until a short time ago, had a strong prejudice 
against the use of the sewing machine for purposes of art. 
She was at length prevailed upon to make experiments 
herself, with the result that she is now quite an 
enthusiast as to the opportunities offered by the sewing 
machine for beautifying the home. 

Mrs. Butler has now produced a number of very fine 
landscapes, and her best work is the one now on show at 
the Wheeler & Wilson Company’s showrooms in Cheap- 
side. It was executed on a Wheeler & Wilson No. 9, 
and measures 46 in. by 34 in. The material used was 
brown and white silk, and the most remarkable feature 
is the way the sky is produced. It is really impossible to 
convey in words an adequate idea of the merits of this 
work of art, and we strongly recommend our readers to 
examine it themselves. 








THE PLATE LICENCE QUESTION. 


Such of our readers as sell watches or jewellery should 
take note that the newly-formed National Retail Jewellers’ 
Association are on the war-path against canvassing firms 
who sell these goods. They have taken up arms, it would 
seem, against the whole canvassing trade, also against 
those firms who use the club system. Their object, of 
course, is clear, viz.,totry and get back for the regular 
jeweller the trade which has oflate, to a large extent, 
gone to canvassing firms, and they hope to succeed in two 
ways : (1) by prosecuting canvassers and agents for not 
having a plate licence ; (2) by insisting upon such can- 
vassers taking out a hawker’s licence. 

Aswe have before stated, there exists much doubt in the 
minds of even legal authorities as to the licence question. 
One thing is certain, however, and that is that the 
employer requires to take out annually a plate licence, 
and this, by the way, is now due and should be at once 
attended to. 

It is interesting to note that, the Retail Jewellers’ 
Association have already got the Government to issue a 
circular warning all persons in their service against 
accepting agencies for jewellery and watches under pain of 
instant dismissal. They have also started a campaign 
against the railway companies and other large employers 
of labour permitting their servants accepting such 
agencies. 

The Jewellers’ Association propose to take up a num- 
ber of “test cases,” also to notify the authorities of any 
instances of defrauding the Revenue which they may be 
able to discover. They are being aided by the Pawn- 
brokers’ Societies, as the following show :— 


PROSECUTION OF EMPLOYERS. 


At the City Police Court, Manchester, on the 3rd July, two jewellers 
were summoned by the Inland Revenue authorities for selling plate 
without a licence. 

Mr. C. H. Dennis, barrister, prosecuted. 

The first defendant was Jacob Zachrinskie, Stocks Street, Cheetham, 
who admitted having sold a silver lever watch without a licence. 

The defendant was fined 50s. and costs. 

Tn the case of Samuel Litchenstein, Cheetham Hill Road, Man- 
chester, the defendant sold a watch to a man for 47 Ios., who was sent 
by the Inland Revenue officials. 

For the defence, Mr. Cobbett said the defendant sent travellers out 
to take orders for gold and silver plate. No business whatever was 
done at his house where he kept the stock ; only on the occasion which 
was the date of the offence was a sale effected on the premises. Since 
the proceedings were taken a licence had been obtained. 

The Chairman remarked that there was no part of England where 
there were more jewellers who sent travellers out than the neigh- 
bourhood of Cheetham, and the Bench feared it was a common occur- 
rence for plate to be sold without a licence. 


The defendant was fined £10 and cos's 

The initiatory step in prosecutions of this kind was taken by the 
Manchester, Salford, and District Pawnbrokers’ Protection Society, 
likely information of a case being given to the Inland Revenue 
authorities, and the first case within a recent period was the one heard 
at Eccles some time ago. 


The following prosecution recently took place on the 
initiative of the Jewellers’ Association :— 


PROSECUTION OF AN AGENT. 


At the Ebbw Vale Police Court, before Messrs. Edward Phillips 
and M. J. S. Lyons, Thomas Emery, engineer, employed under the 
Ebbw Vale Steel, Iron, & Coal Company, Limited, was charged with 
dealing in plate without an Excise licence so to do.—Mr. J. C. Kenna, 
supervisor of the Inland Revenue Office, Merthyr, conducted the 
prosecution. The defendant was not legally represented.—In answer 
to the charge, he stated that he was not guilty of dealing in plate, and 
merely acted as an agent. 

The Supervisor proceeded to read the Act of Parliament, but the 
Clerk, interposing, said the interpretation@§ the law could be safely 
left to the Berch. It would only be necesgary for the prosecution to 
stat> particulars. 

Mr. Kenna said that information had beg received from Somerset 
House to the effect that several persons at'Ebbw Vale were dealers in 
plate without the necessary licence. The Inland Revenue officers had 
been successful in detecting one by makings a purchase, and from the 
evidence which he proposed to put before thie Bench he was confident 
they would find the case proved, and he’ asked them to inflict a sub- 
stantial fine. 5 

Eugene O'Sullivan, Inland Revenue officer, Tredegar, said that on 
the 23rd of March he visited the house occupied by defendant, and 
inquired if he sold watches. Upon being answered in the affirmative, 
witness purchased a silver watch, for ea he paid 42 5s.,and was 
given a receipt drawn out in the defendant’s name. At the same time 
he ascertained that the defendant had sold ten watches of a similar 
nature. The watch and receipt were here handed in to their 
Worships. 

The defendant said he was-an agent for Messrs. Starkey & Co., 
Newport, Monmouth. If the Excise officer had only waited he 
would have received a receipt drawn out in the name of the firm he 
represented. He here handed in another receipt drawn out on one of 
Messrs. Starkey & Co.’s billheads. 

The Clerk: Supposing there is a firm called Starkey and Co., 
who are the holders of a full licence for dealing in plate, would it not 
be permissible for them to sell plate through an agent at Ebbw Vale? 

The Supervisor: No; it is necessary for a licence to be procured for 
the house in which the plate is sold. 

The Clerk: I only ask for my own information. 

The Supervisor: I have nothing whatever to do with Messrs. 
Starkey & Co., it is with the defendant that I have to deal. ; 
The Clerk (to defendant): Why did you not bring Messrs. Starkey 

& Co. here? 

Defendant :—I wrote to them respecting the summons and thought 
perhaps they would send a representative to the Court. Ihave acted 
as their agent for some time, and if I have broken the lawit has been 
done in ignorance. 

The Supervisor again said he had nothing to do with Messrs. Starkey 
& Co, The watch, which was silver cased, had been sold by the 
defendant, and a receipt for the money drawn out in his name. 

The Clerk: What I meanis, that ifa firm empleys an ignorant man 
to represent them they ought to suffer as well as their dupe. 

The Bench asked defendant if he would like to have the case 
adjourned, in order to secure a representative of his firm, 

The defendant said he did not think it would be of any service to 
him. 

The Supervisor pointed out that there were several persons at 
Ebbw Vale who were dealers in plate without a licence; and it was 
necessary that the honest trader, who paid heavy rates and duties, 
should be protected as well as the Revenue, 

The Bench, after a short consultation, said that a breach of the law 
had been committed, but believed that the defendant had acted in 
ignorance, and inflicted a fine of 40s. and costs, or fourteen days. 

The Clerk, addressing the officers, said now they had a case in 
point, it would be well for them to follow it up. 





Messrs. Cramer & Co. have been appointed sole agents in 
Liverpool for the well-known olian organs. 
** 


C a . . 

Messrs. John Broadwood & Sons have changed their telegraphic 
address from ‘* Broadwood Sons” to ‘* Broadwoods, London.” 

Astor, 
+ i 

The business of Mr. A. Moritz, 28, Berners Street, has, we 
note, been lately turned into a limited company, the name being 
“ Moritz, Limited.” 

* * 
* 

We are glad to see that Messrs. Willcocks & Co., Limited, are 
doing an extended business at 214, Berners Street, into which 
premises they have recently removed. 

J * * 
* 

We observe that Mr. R. Fitzsimmons, piano manufacturer, 
after being established for six years in his old factory, has taken a 
new three-storied factory at 93, Elthorne Road, Upper Holloway. 

CG 


Messrs. Dobson, Geering, & Goddard, from Broadwood’s, have 
recently started in business on their own account, as pianoforte 
manufacturers, at 24, Ingrave Street, Falcon Road, Battersea. 

, * * 


at: 

We understand that Messrs. J. & W. A. Lee, Ivegate, 
Yeadon, York, musical instrument and general dealers, have 
dissolved partnership, Mr. J. Lee continuing the business on his 
own account, 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances AUG, 1, 1895. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON Se ease AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


THE BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD., 
49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, EC, 


HARROP’S 
DOUBLE RALEIGH GAR. 


Provisional Patent No. 11,203. 
The Most Improwed Combination in the Market. 


BABY for this 
CARRIAGE 


Combination 
AND 


MATL CART 
COMBINED. 





far exceeds 
any previous 
Sale. 


All Dealers 
should handle 











this. 
Convertible to Lists sent 
3 Positions. on 
Application. 


55, TIB STREET (off OLDHAM STREET), 


WILANCHES TER. 























W. FOSTER & CO. 


BARR STREET, Ho Se 


The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 


A uG. 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 25 





TH E 


“HOUSEHOLD” CLOTHES WRINGER, 


VPOOHPHSHSS SHO SHS OHSS HOSO OOOO OOON 


SPECIAL FEATURES. 


The “* HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for. the 
Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied toany but bona-fide Hire- 
Purchase Dealers. 

The “‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very best 
materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on the Hire 
System. 

The Rollers of the ‘“‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering of 
Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft and 
cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The “ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

Considering the quality of the materials used, the “HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


a a 


This Machine is now fitted with BRASS BEARINGS 
without extra charge. 


QUALITY AND FINISH UNEQUALLED. 











A few SOLE AGENTS required in Districts where not represented. Full 
particulars on application. 


AMERICAN WRINGER CO., 


122, Southwark Street, LONDON, S.E, 


PRAM TYRES | GENUINE AMERICAN 
whe 


LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 
We have a large Stock of TYRES 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 

ready for delivery, in } in., %in., and ?in. 

for Wheels 12 in. t0 26 in. Price 10d. Ib. 

28 Ib. lots at 9d. 


Send size of wheels when ordering. 


TYRE CEMENT, Extra Quality, 9d. Ib. 


OIL. 


24s. Od. per gross 












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automatic attachments. 


-~ BIERNATZKI & CO., 


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HEW HARRIGON 





IFT GOLD MEDAb» 


TTER 


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Ki ins Stockings ribbed or plain 


GLOVES and CLOTHING in 








WOOL, SILK, or COTTON, INSTRUC 

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TRIUMPHANT AWARD at PARIS. The only 
WINNER in the WORLD of 4 GOLD MEDALS 


4 oz. Bottles 





1 a) and 22 other Honours. MHARRISON KNITTING MACHINE CQ, 
2 OZ. 39 18s. Od. ” Works: 48, Upner Brook St... Manchester. 

1 

BOL yt, LOSS Galan. 





NOTICE THESE CHEAP LINES OF 


Wein GcEeR Ss. 
“STAR,” Iron Frame, 10 in., 8s. 6d. ; 11 
Tite elOse) 12 im. dslign oa: 
Champion, Iron Frame, 12 in., 11s. 64d. ; 
Armee 4s.) 16am eos: 

Royal, Wood Frame, 10 in., 9s. 6d..; 12 %in., 

12s. 6d. 








It has been decided to hold the Stanley Show during the last 


week of November. Mr. E. A. Lamb, 57, Chancery Lane, E.C., 
is the secretary, and if he contrives to make the exhibition as 
successful as last year, there will be no cause tor complaint. 

* * 


Mr. Harry S. Roberts, of Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, 
informs us that he has still a few agencies open ; also a number of 
safeties to clear at reduced prices. As most of our readers are 
aware, Mr. Roberts has special terms to dealers who can do an 
easy payment trade, whereby they have not to use their own 
capital in the business. 


Londor Agents for TAYLOR & WILSON’S pee 
Celebrated MANGLES. A meeting of the creditors of the International Tyre Company 








This, it was explained, was the result of sales which had been 


was held at their works, Openshaw, Manchester, on the 12th ult., 
THE AMERICAN WINGER (0., 


when a statement of affairs was submitted, showing a loss on 
122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 


trading from April 3rd,1894, to June 22nd, 1895,of £39,211 17s. 11d. 


necessary in order to realise- the stock, &c., av the depots taken 
over by the company. It was unanimously decided that the 
company be voluntarily wound up, 


26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


AuG. 1, 1895. 





Another new tyre is about to be brought to the public notice, 
the novelty of which is chiefly in the formation and material of 
the liner, it being made of narrow transverse slips of boot 
webbing—almost unpuncturable—sewn each to each, and edged 
with the same material and also with leather. When the tube is 
inserted the cover, being fitted with buttons and button holes, 
buttons up, and after inflation is easily fitted to the rims. The 
Cycling and Sports Association, Strand, have the tyre in hand. 

* * 


* 

An electric pace-maker has just been designed by Mr. C. R. 
Culver, well known to cycling Americans. It runs on three 
pheumatic-tyred wheels, is 700 lbs. in weight, and is actuated by 
an electric motor of 3h.-p. Its height is five feet and length 
eleven feet, and it has a pointed cylindrical cover, open at the back, 
in which the cyclist can ride. The operator sits on the front, 
looking through a window tor steering and managing the 
machine. By means of this invention it is said the mile 
straight-away record may be reduced to a minute. 

* 


* 

Mr. H. J. Lawson, writing in a contemporary with respect to the 
invention of safety cycles, states that all his safeties built at 
Brighton in 1879 had direct steering posts ; that it was to improve 
the machine by removing the stooping position that he built his 
Coventry machines with link connections; and that a patent of 
his fora machine with direct sloping steering taken out in 1884 
has the distinction of being the first in the field. He further adds 
that from 1879 to1885 he was constantly riding publicly in 
Coventry on safeties with direct sloping steering posts. 

* * 


* 

A new cycling novelty, the “‘ Psycho Sea Serpent,” was recently 
shown in the Midlands, specially designed and built by Messrs 
Starley Bros. Its novelty is its length—the frame being 
practically a 12 ft. length of tubing, with an 18 inch steering 
wheel in front and a driver of the same size, geared to sixty inches, 
in the rear. It is about the same height as the ordinary safety, 
and the rider sits in the centre of the construction, and steers by 
means of a long connecting-rod attached to the handle-bar, 
whilst the gearing is double, thus avoiding excessive sag in the 
chain and excessive size in the gear wheels. The machine weighs 
a little over 40 Ibs., and is said to run with great ease and to be 
wonderfully free from vibration. 

** 
* 

A new thing in the way of tyre invention has just been brought 
out in the shape of a “‘self-sealing” inner tube, by the Patent 
Self-sealing Syndicate, Limited, 71, Temple Row, Birmingham, 
Its construction is as follows :—A length of ordinary tube is first 
tightly stretched both longitudinally and transversely over a man- 
dri], and while in a state of tension a length of rubber, wnstretched, 
is vulcanized along the inside of the air tube. This being 
completed, the air tube is released, with the consequence that the 
strip of unstretched rubber is greatly compressed by the other 
strip which has resumed its normal state, and so punctures from 
almost any cause are thus overcome as the contractile influence 
which the inner strip exercises over the tube closes such up 
automatically. A large number of influential firms are included 
in the syndicate, 

en! 

At the Bridgnorth County Court last month, before his Honour 
Judge Harris Lea, Messrs. W. Jones & Co., cycle and sewing 
machine dealers, Waterloo House, Bridgnorth, sued Joseph 
Francis, bicyclist, Highley, for the balance of an account for a 
safety bicycle and repairs to same.—Mr. T. C. Meyrick, traveller 
for Messrs. W. Jones & Co., stated that the defendant had ex- 
changed one machine for another, and as the defendant was 
thrown off going down a hill, the machine was brought to be re- 
paired. It had been thoroughly repaired and enamelled through- 
out.—Defendant said that he objected to the item of £3 14s. 6d. 
for repairs, which, he contended, were never done.—His Honour 
called upon plaintiffs and defendant to hand in accounts, which 
they did, and after his Honour had examined them, he said that the 
charge did not seem to be unfair, and there would be judgment 
for the plaintiffs for the amount claimed.—Defendant replied that 
he was only getting 9s. or 10s. per week.—His Honour thereupon 
made an order for 5s. a month. 

x * 


* 

A new speed indicator has just been placed on the market 
by the Cycle Components Manufacturing Company, Limited, 
Biumingham. The mechanism is contained in an egg-shaped case 
surmounted by a small round easing containing the indicating 
dial. The pulley—which is worked by a band from a pulley 
on the front wheel—is fixed on the mainshaft, at the other end of 
which a dise is soldered holding the one end of two double 
hinges terminating in a line dise, traversing the mainshaft 
and responding to the operations of the hinges. The velocity of 
the pulley, transmitting its motion along the mainshaft to the 
dise to which the hinges are affixed, causes the hinges to arch 
outwards from centre line of the shaft, and, in thus drawing 
themselves up, bring the line dise along the shaft nearer to their 
centre of motion. The action is simplicity itself, and there is, 
practically, no complication in the way of the gearing at al, and, 
moreover, it is easily fixed to the machine .by a hinge joint and 
thumb-serew to the handle bar and to the front wheel, so as to 
obviate the necessity of taking out the front wheel. It indicates 
from one to twenty-five miles an hour. 








THE “ DAYTON” BICYCLE. 


We recently stated that the Vertical Feed Sewing 
Machine Company had started a cycle department, 
and would call their machine the ‘ Dayton.” The 
Sewing Machine Advance informs us that the com- 


pany have set up a plant of the best and most 
modern machinery for wheel making, and the plant 
is in charge of an accomplished mechanic, who is a 
thorough expert in the art of building wheels. The 
‘Dayton ”’ is a strictly high grade wheel ; the same care 
being exercised in its construction as prevails in the sew- 
ing machine department of the works, which has long 
been famous for the excellent workmanship of its 
products. 

At their very start in wheel building the company 
took a position in advance of the art; having adopted 
for the frame of their wheel the large tubing which was 
at once adopted by cyclists as the latest fad in cycledom, 
and which will be a!l the rage next year with builders. 
Hence their present construction is the model for 1896, 
and this season’s purchasers of the ‘‘ Dayton” will be 
strictly up to date for two seasons at the least, which is 
something to consider in view of the bringing out of new 
models year by year, as fashion is a potent factor in the 
desirability of a wheel. i 

The “Dayton” wheel is already in great demand, and 
the output of the works is being increased as rapidly as 
possible to meet whatever demands may come, 


Failures and Arrangements. 





ROBERT HODGKINSON, trading as Robert Hodgkin- 
son & Co., machine dealer, Trinity Street and 
Foundry Street, Hanley. 

A deed of arrangement, dated June 26th, was filed in 
the above on the 3rd ult. The total liabilities amount to 
£4,334 11s., of which sum £1,103 are secured, and the 
balance of £3,231 11s. unsecured. The net assets consist 
of book debts, stock, and furniture, and are estimated by 
the debtor at £2,237. In the list of creditors we notice 
the following :— 


eS tas 
Baer & Rempel, Bielefeld... Awe oa 4 OM OREO 
Bradbury & Co., Limited, Oldham ro0 er eOS mL OMnO 
Cherry Tree Machine Company, Blackburn 626 0 O 
Hirst, B., & Sons, Halifax Bas ih ey 12502020 
Jones’ Sewing Machine Company, Limited, Guide 
Bridge... fee 566 2c oc e292 On TO 
Summerscales, W. S., & Sons, Keighley cs ) OO 
Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company, 
London ... re aus 600 500 .- 555 0 0 
White Sewing Machine Company, London ... 171 0 O 


THOMAS REID, dealer in furniture, perambulators, &c., 
129 and 131, George Street, Aberdeen. 


A trust deed has been granted in the above. Among 
the creditors are the following :— 
£ Ss. 
Gough, J., & Co., Manchester... ond SSeS AOStpRO 
McEwan & Co., Stirling ... 200 cos Boat ne} 2! 
Midland Perambulator Company, Birmingham... 22 18 


More, Walker, & Co., Edinburgh O00 


We) 

a 

nv 
ompnqodOngonn 


Scott, Peter, Edinburgh ... tee noe 12 0 
Star Manufacturing Company, London ... dee eh 06) 
Victoria Manufacturing Company, Glasgow .. 5 2 
Wells & Company, Birmingham ... bo 26 19 


THOMAS SAUNDERS, sewing machine 
Wellington Road, Dudley. 

A first and final dividend of 4s. 6d, in the pound is now 
being paid at the Official Receiver’s, Dudley. 


G. J. GAY, cycle and domestic machinery dealer, 
Winchester. 

The above has been adjudicated a bankrupt. At his 
public examination last month the Official Receiver 
objected to the details he had supplied as to his position, 
also as to his liabilities and assets. In the course of the 
examination it transpired that the debtor had been in the 
habit of pawning his stock and selling the tickets. He 
was ordered to supply further details as to his business 
in time for the August sitting of the Court. 


HEINRICHS & CO., bamboo pram. manufacturers, 
133, Old Street, E.C. 

A receiving order has been granted in the aboye. 
RUFUS BERRY, mangle maker, Keighley, 

In the above matter, the debtor at the public examina- 
tion stated that the cause of his failure was the reduction 
in the price of mangles. He was in partnership with Mr. 
Butterfield, but that was dissolved, and shortly after there 
were reductions in price to the extent of 4s. 6d. per 
machine, and as he made 200 machines a month this 
meant £25 per month less. profit, and this, with a further 
loss, £477, by bad debts, Jaad crippled his finances. 


dealer, t07, 


Ave. 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


27 




















The following list has been compiled expressly for this journal by 
Messis. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbw y. London, B.C. 

APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 

11,784. M. Von Laaba, for a combined cutting out, stitching, 

or tacking machine. 





11,868. F. A. Wing, button sewing machine. 
12,044. H. Manning, for an improved sewing machine. 
12,230. J. Gilman, for improvements in the holding or support- 


ing of cards of silk or thread upon sewing machines. 

12,239. J. H. Scott and J. Roebuck, for improvements in or 
relating to circular knitting machines. 

12,250. H. Liebert, for improvements in knitting machines. 

12,259. W. H. Inslee, a communication from The Singer 
Manufacturing Company of United States for improvements in 
drop stands for sewing machines. 

12.397. H. Wildt, for improvements in the manufacture of 
knitted fabries and in machinery or apparatus therefore. 

12,423. J. A. Claringburn, improvements in and applicable 
to» knitting machines. 

12,802. D. Richards, for improvements in sewing machines. 

12,898. 'T. Riedinger, for an improved device for fitting needles 
into sewing machines. eT 

ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price Sd. each.) 

13,694. Sewing Machine. P. A. Newton, The Keats 
Maschinen (iesellschaft of Frankfort a/M. Germany. Dated 
July 16th, 1894. 

The improved sewing machine, intended principally for hoot, 
shoe, and other heavy work, has a cirenlar shuttls mounted in a 
divided horizontal ring and placed above the workplate o: horn. 
The machine is fitted with a feed, which consists beoadly of a 
feeding arm having a toothed foot and pressing upon the work at 
the proper moment, the arm being pivotly mounted on a icing and 
falling bar secured to the head of the machine for the purpose of 
imparting a four-motion feed to the presser-foot. 


14,230. Feed Mechanism of Sewing Machines. J: White, 
The Sewing Machine Syndicate, Wellingborough, Northe. 


Dated Jnly 24th, 1894. 

Consists of an improved arrangement of mechanism for varying 
the amount of the feed, and for enabling the feed movement to be 
readily reversed for tying off at the end of a seam. 

14,438. Sewing Machine Shuttles. A. Anderson, acommuni- 
cation from The Singer Manufacturing Company of New York. 
Dated July 27th, 1894. 

Relates to that class of shuttles adapted to oscillate in cirenlar 
shuttle races, and the invention has for object to provide a thin 
shuttle more particularly intended for use in multiple sewing 
machines in which it is desirable to employ a number of closely- 
placed shuttles. 

14,439. Sewing Machines. 
The Singer Manufacturing Company, of New York. 
July 27th, 1394. 

Relates to sewing machines of the class known as gang-ncedle 
machines, in which a plurality of needles are used in conjunction 
with a plurality of shuttles to simultaneously sew a number of rows 
of stitches. The improved machine comprises the usual bed-plate 
with overhanging arm and mechanism for operating the needle bar 
and shuttle driver. The hinged or pivoted bed-plate is combined 
with a two part shuttle race adapted to receive a series of shuttles, 
one part of the shuttle race being fixed relatively to the bed-plate, 
and the other part being pivoted to the fixed part. Meanp are 
provided for locking the hinged part in the working position. 

14,480. Transmitters Specially Applicable for Sewing Machines. 
J. White, of Wellingborough, Norths. Dated July 27th, 1394. 

The object is to provide a transmitter that can be readily 
fixed in any desired position, so that one transmitter shall be 
applicable to all classes of driving that can be easily kept in gear 
without useless expenditure of power that shall leave the machine 
perfectly free to be examined and that shall enable the speed to be 
yaried, be simple, efficient, and not liable to get out of gear. 

5,239. Sewing Machine Needles. EK. J. Coombe, of Honiton, 
Devon. Dated March 12th, 1895. 

The needle has a spring formed with an eye to catch over a 
projection, and when the needle is to be threaded, the thread is 
pressed between the spring and the projection and down to its 
place at the point of the needle. Instead of an eye an indent or 
recess may be formed in the under side of the spring. 

7,587. Sewing Machine for Lasting Boot and Shoe Uppers. 8. 
Hey, acommunication from E. B. Slaven, of Boston, Mass., U.S. A. 
Dated April 16th, 1895. 

Consists of a simple and efficient machine for securing uppers 
to the soles of boots and shoes during the operation of lasting by 
means of stitches connecting the upper to the sole. 

UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
issUED AND DATED JUNE 11TH, 1895. 


A. Anderson, 1 communication from 
Dated 


540,675. J. M. Merrow, Mansfield, Conn. Sewing machine. 
540,676. J. M. Merrow, Mansfield, Conn. Sewing machine. 
540,812. G. L. Gray, Chicago, Il. Connecting device for 


sewing machine attachments. 
540,823. A. S. Wass, Bloomfield, and S$. A. Davis, Newark, 
N. J. Stand for sewing machines. 
540,836. T. K. Keith, Boston, Mass. 
lasting boots or shoes. 
540,907. G. H. Dimond and W. F. Deal, 
Trimmer mechanism for sewing machines. 


Sewing machine for 


Bridgeport, Conn. 


ISSUED AND DATED JUNE 18TH, 1895. 
541,084. J. Forman, Cohoes, N.Y. Striping attachment for 
lateh needle rotary knitting machines. 
541,106. J. M. Merrow, Mansfield, and J. T. Collins, Hartford, 
Conn. Sewing machine. 


541,406. L. N. D. Williams, Ashbourne. Knitting machine 
bar or cylinder. 

541,407. L. N. D. Williams. Extra thread feeding device for 
knitting machines. 

541.425. B. M. Denney, Camden, N.J. Cireular knitting 
machine. 

IssuELD AND DATED JUNE 25TH, 1895. 
541,474. P. Diehl and T. Kraemer, Elizabeth, N.J. Drop 


stand for sewing machines. 
541,479. H. H. Fefel. New York, N.Y. Sewing machine, 
541,492. L. Muther, Oak Park, Il. Needle-guard for sewing 
machines. 
541,493. L. 
541,518. RK. 
machines. 
541,554. T. Kundtz and R. Kosch, Cleveland, Ohio. 
machine cabinet. 
541,555. T. Kundtz. Sewi 


Muther. Guide foot for sewing machine. 
G. Woodward, Waukegan. Looper for sewing 


Sewing 





« machine eabinet. 





A SEWING MACHINE PATENT CASE. 


ENGLISH AND AMERICAN MACHINERY CO., LTD., v. 
UNION BOOT AND MACHINE CO., LTD. 

Mr. Justice Stirling, sitting in the Chancery Division, had 
before him, on the 24th ult., an adjourned summons in this action, 
which was tried before Mr. Justice Romer in February, 1894.— 
Mr. Moulton, Q.C., and Mr, A. J. Walter appeared for the 
defendant company, who took out the summons, and Mr, Bousfield, 
Q.C., and Mr. Roger Wallace appeared to oppose the application. 
—Mr. Bousfield suggested to his Lordship whether, as the case 
had been tried before Mr. Justice Romer, his Lordship would prefer 
that this question relating to damages should be also decided by Mr. 
Justice Romer, who fully informed himself as to the various parts 
of the machine.—Mr. Moulton said it was a very small matter, 
which was not decided hy Mr. Justice Romer’s judgment.—His 
Lordship having elected to hear the arguments, Mr. Moulton 
said it was a question as to the measure of damages for 
infringing the letters patent for a forked looper in a boot sole- 
stitching machine. This looper is a forked finger, a moving part, 
which put the thread into the hook (or open eye) of the needle as 
it descended at each stitch through the pierced leather. The 
learned counsel explained that this was an admitted improve~ 
ment on the loopers formerly used, because the needle, fed by 
the forked looper, could work much closer to the “uppers” than 
the old looper, which if worked too near the leather was liable to 
damage the ‘‘ uppers.” The infringement action succeeded ; the 
injunction was obtained in February, 1894 (the patent for the 
forked looper expired in October, 1894), and an inquiry was 
directed to ascertain the amount of damages. The chief clerk at 
that inquiry based the amount of damage upon the basis of an 
out-and-out sale of machines. It was found that within the 
period of the infringement the defendants sold nine machines ; the 
gross profits of one machine was ascertained, and that sum he 
had multiplied by nine, and so arrived at the amount awarded. 
He submitted that that basis was wrong. The plaintiffs had 
given no proof of damage suffered; they did not sell their 
machine outright, but charged a premium of £75 (the whole, or 
at least the bulk of which was expended in the manufacture of 
the nachines, and therefore was not profit), and stipulated for a 
royalty of twopence halfpenny on each thousand stitches worked 
for a term, after which the boot manufacturer, by payment of 
£5, could become the owner of the machine. Therefore there had 
been no such damage suffered by plaintiff company as the chief 
clerk had found. He had awarded the plaintiffs £1,000. A 
number of affidavits were made by Mr. Moulton in support of 
his view, which were answered by other affidavits on behalf of 
the plaintiffs, read by Mr. Bousfield.—Mr. Moulton then com- 
mented on the evidence, and argued that the measure of 
damages was trifling, because this patent referred to only one 
small part of a machine, which was a very valuable machine, 
composed of a large number of other patented parts, and performed 
all kinds of sewmg.—Mr. Walter also addressed the Court for 
the defendants.—Mr. LBousfield, on behalf of the plaintiff 
company, contended that it was solely due to the presence of this 
forked looper that the defendant company had been able to sell 
these nine machines, and that if they had not infringed then the 
plaintiff company would have sold nine of their machines, and 
were, therefore, fairly entitled to the whole profit they would 
have made by such sales. The learned counsel exhibited a shoe, 
and explained to his Lordship the particular advantage of the 
forked looper in enabling the sewing of the sole to be done close 
up to the upper leather. He submitted further that the action 
ot the defendants in selling infringing machines had brought 
down the price of the plaintiff company’s machines, for which in 
the early days of the patent they got as much as £250. He 
submitted further that the fact that 1894 was the last year of 
the patent instead of minimising the amount of damage, as his 
friend had suggested, it had been held that an infrmgement 
inflicted heavier damages in the last year of a patent than at an 
earlier period ; and he referred to a ease in which an infringer 
was preparing in the last year of an expiring patent to flood the 
market with the infringing article as soon as the time had 
expired, where it was held that the wrong was enhanced by the 
infringment under those circumstances, and not only was an 
injunction granted but the infringer was ordered to deliver up 
the infringing articles he had made.—Mr. Roger Wallace was 
also heard on the same side.—Mr. Moulton having replied, his 
Lordship deferred judgment. ’ 








RA tty rs hae 


28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Aue, 1, 1895. 



















































































JAMES LLOYD & CO.. 


HUnO! GLEE: ae 
_ BIRMINGHAM. 


Write at once for. 


NEW LIST FOR 1895, 


containing over 100 Patterns, including 
several 


CONVERTIBLE MAIL CARTS, 


so much now in demand. 








: London Representative— 
Mr. W. EF.. KNIGHT, 
8a, CITY ROAD, E.C. 


EH. MUNDI.OS <&z, co. 
MAGDEBURG, N, GERMANY. 


Manufacturers of Sewing Machines, Established 1863, invite dealers 
to ask for Price Lists of the celebrated 


“VICTORIA” SEWING MACHINES. 


UNEQUALLED MADE IN 




















FOR 5 DIFFERENT SIZES 
THEIR HIGH FINISH, FOR FAMILY USE 
RELIABILITY, AND 
AND MANUFACTURING 
DURABILITY. PURPOSES. 
AUTOMATIC i UNIVERSAL DARNING 


PRESSER FOOT, 


English Patent No. 3,235. 


APPARATUS, 
English Patent No. 10,124; 


Exclusive Territory will be given to Responsible 
Dez2zlers. 


SpET, 2, 1895. 
SPECIAL LINES IN 


PERAMBULATORS, 
MAIL CARTS 


of every 
description 
and 
quality, 
to 
suit 
all 
Trades. 



















and Sewing Machine Gazette. it 


Send a Post Card for our 
New 76-page Price 
List. 


Good Value 
Guaranteed. 





London Agent — 
Mr. GEO. PEARCE, 


09, Holborn 
Viaduct, 


E.C. 





ar 








Write for Our Illustrated Catalogue 
PRINTED IN NINE COLOURS 
—a Work of Art. 





























le a el lS al 




































The Maent PNEUMATIC 


Patent 























PERAMBULATORS 
From 4.(Q)/= each. 


UP-TO-DATE 
NOVELTIES 


In all Classes of Goods. 


/ROTHSCHILD 
BAKER. 








31 & 32, ST. PAUL’S SQUARE, BIRMINGHAM. 





ER 





STIBBE’S PATENT 


IDEAL KNITTER 


For Seamless Stockings, Socks, Gloves, and every 
kind of Hosiery, RIBBED or PLAIN. 


REALLY SIMPLE, ABSOLUTELY SURE, 


in virtue of numerous Patented Improvements which can be had 


on no other Machine. 


The Greatest Attraction in Knit- 
ting Machines. 


Wo Hosiery Maker should be with- 
out it. ONE of these Machines 
gives more profit than Six ordinary 
Machines. 

The New Patent Machine for 


SCOTCH KNICKERBOCKER 
GLOVES, ete., in CHECKS. 
Full Frshioned RIBBED Hose, with or without 
CHECK PATTERN, are made on this Machine, 
and the KIB TOPS can be made PLAIN, 
STRIPED, in CHECKS, or in CHECKS and 
STRIPES COMBINED. The Whole being Knitted 
in ONE OPERATION. PLAIN HOSE, etc., in 
CHECKS, are also made on the same Machine, 
which can also be utilised for other kinds of 
KIBBED GOODS, and particularly for FANCY 
RIB TOPS, SWEATER FABRICS, ete. 


G. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 
Leicester Branch, 34a, Highcross Street. 


HOSE, 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 


RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 


LI OWE B., 3s. 8d. gross; Bradbury Elastic, 4s. 6d. ; 
=~ Wilcox & Gibbs, 5s. gross.—S. Cox & Co., Eagle Works, 
Alcester. 


WANTED, SITUATION by married man (32). 


Eight years’ successful collector-salesman, part in charge 
depot and selling staff, would go abroad, not afraid of work.— Address, 


“W.,” Senring Machine Gazette Office. 

T° BE DISPOSED OF, an old-established Sewing 
Machine, Furniture, and Domestic Appliance Hire Trade Business. 

300k debts optional.—Address, “ Z.,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 














VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 

represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 
London, F.C. 


GEWING MACHINE BELTING AND OILS.— 

If you want the Best Belting or the Best Oil apply to the Best 
Firm for Cheapness and Quality in the Trade.—J. Searle & Co., 40, 
Trafalgar Street, Walworth. 


TO WHOLESALE AND HIRE TRADERS.— 


Agencies Wanted for the following: To sell and collect on 
commission Pianos, Organs, Sewing and Wringing Machines, 
Perambulators, Iron Bedsteads, Furniture, &c., for the north-east 
coast, Shields and Newcastle. Guarantee given along with best of 
references.—Apply, Expert, Sewing Machine Gazette Ottice. 














(See page 32 for other advertisements.) 





12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 












THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscription.—3s 6d. per annum, or 18. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hive Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AN D RECORD. 


Subscription.—es. 6d. per annum, or 9d, per quarter, post free. 


As will be seen elsewhere, the canvasser of a 
Hawkers’ Sewing machine company has been heavily 


fined for ‘selling sewing machines with- 
out a hawker’s license. In this case the 
machines appear to have been sent out ina cart, and 
as orders were obtained the machines were instantly 
delivered to the hirer. Apparently the Excise authori- 
ties are “on the war-path,’ and, therefore, our readers 
should clearly understand that, should their canvassers 
take orders and deliver the goods at one and the same 
time, there is a great danger of being fined unless the 
canvassers possess the required license. 


Licenses. 


Judging from the balance-sheet of 
Jones’ Sewing Machine Company, 
Limited, the British sewing machine 
trade is on the improvement. Six per cent. for the half- 
year is no small return considering the present cheapness 
of money, and we sincerely hope that it will be main- 
tained during the ensuing half-year. It may be some- 
what consoling for the shareholders in English companies 
to know that, although the American companies have no 
competition to fear from Germany within the borders of 
the States, they have hada very bad time during the 
past two years ; indeed, we are informed by authorities 
that last year’s trade was the worst on record. It seems 
strange that contemporaneously with the recognition of 
the sewing machine asa domestic necessity the manu- 
facturers should decrease in number and _ prosperity. 
This fact is not open to dispute, but why it should be so 
appears to be a problem which none at present can solve. 
We might add that our last advices from America are to 
the effect that all the sewing machine factories are now 
working full time. 


Jones’ Dividend. 





The Anserican sewing machine com- 
Sewing Machines panies appear to be following the 
and Cycles. lead set by Europe, so far as regards 
the cycle industry. As most of our 
readers are aware, the manufacture of cycles was origin- 
atedin this country by a sewing machine company, 
and others, notably the St. George’s, the Howe, and more 
recently the Eclipse and the Bradbury Companies, started 
cycle departments. In both Germany and France the lead- 
ing sewing machine manufacturers are now also making 
cycles. The United States sewing machine manu- 
facturers have been the last to go in for cycles, but a 
change is fast taking place. The ‘“ Weed” Company 
were the first to take the plunge, followed by the Davis 
(Vertical Feed) Company, and now we hear of the White 
Sewing Machine Company, of Cleveland, Ohio, making 
arrangements for an extensive cycle trade. 

It might here be stated that America is only just waking 
up to the fact that cycles have “come to stay.” 
Hitherto the ‘‘ Yankees’ have been slow to adopt the 
wheel, but the past season has shown that they will ina 
very short time get in line with the rest of the civilised 
world. As we have before stated, sewing machine manu- 
facturers possess advantages over most other branches of 
trade for the manufacture of cycles, and “we feel sure that 
we can predict for the Davis and White Companies a 
large measure of success for their new departments. 





SPECIAL NOTICE. 


There are three ways of obtaining the Sewng Machine 
Gazette: (1) By subscribing direct to the office 3s. 6d. 
for twelve months ; 1s. od. for six months ; or Is. for three 
months, in all cases post free. 

; (2) By sending fivepence each month for a copy, post 
free. 

(3) By ordering it through a newsagent, who will 
supply it for fourpence, but it should be ordered early in 
the month. 








HINTS TO SEWING MACHINE AGENTS. 
(A New System oF CANVASSING.) 


Canvassing is an absolutely indispensable part of every 
agent’s work. I have no hesitation in saying that there 
are very few, if any, who really like canvassing. But it 
must be done, and done regularly and thoroughly, by 
every agent who intends to remain in the trade and suc- 
ceed. I have yet to meet the man who is obliged to 
work but who finds some part of it not distastetul to 
him. If every man who found a part of his work 
unpleasant gave it up on that account, why all the world 
would soon be out of employment. 

When you feel inclined to waste your time (or more 
correctly speaking, your employer’s) in going to a few 
back calls, or following up a few almost worthless pros- 
pects, instead of settling down to some earnest canvassing 
(because you do not like it), look around amongst your 
friends or acquaintances, and I venture to predict that 
you will not look long nor far before you will see many 
whose work would be equally or even more unpleasant 
than your own. If you never settle down to an occupa- 
tion till you obtain one that will be altogether in har- 
mony with your tastes I am afraid that your hopes will 
not be realised just yet. 

The non-success of the great majority of men might be 
traced to their aversion to canvassing. A man’s success 
depends not only onthe time he devotes to canvassing, 
but on the system which he adopts. There are two 
systems, known as the “Old System,” and the ‘ Direc- 
tory System.” 

I wish it to be distinctly understood that I am not 
about to advance views on a new and untried theory, but 
advocate a system that I have had several years’ practical 
experience with. I therefore claim to know something 
of the subject whereof I am speaking. I may say, more- 
over, that lam not writing in the interests of any one 
particular firm. My object is simply to give to those 
now in the trade the benefit of my experience, and explain 
a system of canvassing that if properly understood and 
thoroughly worked will certainly provea valuable help 
to all who intend to continue in the trade and succeed. 

The ‘‘Old System ”’ may ina few words be described as 
follows :—The agent who still prefers and works on that 
system begins at a certain part of his district, and proceeds 
from house to house, and street to street, till he has can- 
vassed the whole of his territory, and when he arrives at 
the end of it he knows'very little more concerning the 
péople and their requirements than he did when he 
started. I grant he may have done some business, and 
booked a few prospects, but that is all that can be said 
for the ‘‘ Old System.” 

But with the “ ew System”’ it is quite different. There 
is a very great deal tobe said. Assuming that you are an 
agent in receipt of a salary and. commission, and that 
you have charge of a certain district in town, ot so many 
villages in the country, and that your duties consist in 
collecting the hire payments due on accounts entrusted 
to you, and spending the remaining portion of your 
time in soliciting orders, etc., I strongly recommend to 
you the ‘‘ Directory System.’”’ If after reading what I 
have to say about it you are inclined to adopt it, pro- 
ceed as follows :—Purchase a penny memorandum book, 
on the top of first page put the “date,” then the “ name 
of street ” you decide to canvass. Suppose, for example, 
there are fifty houses in the street, enter the number of 
each in the order in{which you come at it ; allow three or 
four lines for each house. In the above space you will 
have plenty of room to enter number or name of house, 
name of resident, maker of machine (if any), its age and 
condition, and prospect of new business, remarks respect- 
ing prospective customer’s relatives, income, employer, 
trade or profession, friendly society and assurance 
company they are connected with, &c. 

Then go from house to house, and street to street, till 
you have canvassed the whole of your district. I imagine 
T hear you say, ‘‘It would be impossible, or at least very 
difficult, to obtain the above information, and when 


SEPT. 2, 1895. 


obtained it would be of little or no value.” But Iask it as 
a favour that you will carefully read and consider what I 
have to say with regard to ‘‘ways and means ”’ of getting 
the information, and then how toturnit to good account, 
before you give your verdict. 

“WAYS AND MEANS.” 

A good many names can be got from public registers ; 
any “ boy”’ or “ girl’ who has lived in the street for some 
time will give you the names of almost every person in it 
for a penny ; or, to be independent of the above, go to 
the lady who resides at No. 1 (if you don’t know her name) 
and say, “Good morning, Mrs. Jones!*’ She will 
probably say, “ My name is not Jones, it is Johnson.” 
If you fail, her neighbour of No. 3 will tell you, and the 
occupier of No. 5 will give you the name of the person 
who lives at No. 3, or you will not go very far before you 
meet the “lady” whose business it is, apparently, to 
know everybody else’s business, who will gladly give you 
the benefit of all she knows respecting her neighbours. 
Makea special note of this type of person ; they will often 
give you information respecting prospective customers 
that will enable you to decide whether to supply them with 
a machine or not. By adopting the above and simular 
tactics you will generally get the knowledge you 
desire. 

You will not get all the information you need on your 
first visit, but what you get the first time round will help 
you to gain more the second, and so on till you have 
obtained all the information you need. Have your 
‘t note-book ”’ conveniently placed between a few price 
lists ; make your entries while passing from one call to 
another. Use a soft lead pencil (with a piece of good 
indiarubber fixed to the end of your pencil holder), so 
that any alteration can be easily and quickly made. If 
you can write shorthand so much the better ; if not, for 
the sake of economy of time and space, adopt a system of 
your own. Let certain “ letters’! stand for different 
makes of manufactures, &c. 

For instance, let “‘ P.” stand for prospect, “ G. P.” tor 
good prospect, ‘‘ P. Ex.” prospect of exchange, ‘S.” for 
Singer, “‘ J.’”’ for Jones, “ B.’’ Bradbury, ‘‘ W.’’ White, 
&c. Any abbreviation will do if you can understand it 
readily. Now let us suppose that you have canvassed a 
street with fifty houses in it, and have obtained the names 
of residents, makers of machines, their ages and con- 
ditions, &c., and the results are up to now ten “‘ Singer's,” 
nine “‘ Bradbury’s,” two “ Jones’,” four ‘‘ White’s,” four 
‘“ Howe's,” eleven ‘‘ Wheeler & Wilson’s,” and ten 
householders without machines. 

HOW TO UTILISE THE INFORMATION. 

Having pumped Mrs. “ Gad-about” concerning Mrs. 
“ Undecided,” and learned that if she could be persuaded 
to order a machine she would prove a good customer, 
you go for Mrs. “ Undecided’’ with increased knowledge 
and renewed hope. Agent: ‘Good morning, Mrs. 
‘Undecided,’ have you made up your mind to have a 
sewing machine yet?” Mrs. ‘Undecided’: “No, not 
quite.”” Agent: “ Well, now, you cannot do better than 
order one to-day ; your neighbour, Mrs. ‘Critical,’ says 
she has no fault to find with her machine; it willseam, 
quilt, hem, fell, tuck, cord, braid, bind, trim, and 
perform every description of sewing. Mrs. ‘ Hard-to- 
Please’ says she is delighted with hers. Mrs. 
‘Love-Leisure’ says it is surprising what “me and 
labour a machine will save. Mrs. ‘ Postpone’ has only 
one regret, and that is that she did not get her machine 
years ago. Mrs. ‘Force-of-Habit’* says she has had 
her machine twenty-two years, and would rather part 
with her husband than the machine. Mrs. ‘ Utility’ 
has had her machine ten years, and would rather part 
with her bed than the machine. Mrs. ‘ Loath-to-Praise’ 
says she cannot speak too highly of her machine, and 
recommends all her friends to get one like it. Mrs. 
‘ Hate-to-Sew-by-Hand’ has done all the stitching 

required for a large family for years, and declares it is as 
good asever. Mrs. ‘ Value-for-Money’ says her machine 
has done good service for many years, and she would not 
sell it now for what she gave for it. Mrs. ‘Invest-well ’ 
says her machine has recouped its cost ten times over 
since she got it ten years ago.” 

__Mrs. “ Undecided” having heard from theagent what 
her neighbours have to say about their machines, says : 


* The remarks of Mrs. “ Force-of-Habit” and “ Utility” are not 
what I have imagined, but what I have heard. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette 


13 


‘« Well, I have been thinking about it a long time; you 
may bring me one.’’ Whereupon the agent smiles, 
thanks her, indulges in a little pleasant conversation, 
then departs, saying to himself, “I thought it was a 
waste of time getting the names and particulars of those 
who are already supplied, but I see] have been greatly 
mistaken.” 

The names, makers of machines, &c., will not be got 
without time, patience, and perseverance, but when once 
obtained there will not be a day, nor even an hour, when 
that knowledge cannot be turned to good account. In 
each case where you have a good prospect it is wise to 
make a special effort to get the name, employer, trade or 
profession, income, names and addresses of relatives, &c., 
&c. Very frequently the above information is more 
easily obtained before the order is taken than after, and it 
will help you to determine the value of the prospect, and 
to trace them if they change their address before or after 
the order is taken. 

This “system” may be objected to because so many 
changes are constantly taking place, and, therefore, it 
would be impossible to have an absolutely correct 
“directory.” But that does not prove the “system” 
to be of no value; on the contrary, it clearly shows that 
such a system is very desirable. ‘To cope with the above 
successfully, immediately a removal has taken place ascer- 
tain where they have gone, look up your ‘ directory ” 
book for that part of vour district, and make the necessary 
alteration at once. 

This is the only system that will enable you to keep 
abreast of the changes taking place, and will to a great 
extent do away with such humiliating experiences as the 
following :— 

Agent calls upon Mrs. “ Often-met,” and, while wait- 
ing for her to respond to his knock, he straightens his 
neck-tie, gives his moustache a final twist, and on her 
appearance “smiles as though he had seen the last of his 
mother-in-law,” and talks to her as pleasantly about the 
weather, &c., as if she were an old friend he had not seen 
for years, and then says, ‘‘ May I have the pleasure o 
selling you a sewing machine? I represent - BH 
Mrs. ‘‘ Often-met’’ (who while he has been talking 
has -been struggling to keep her temper) says, 
“No ! certainly not, I have told you at least a dozen 
times that I have a sewing machine and don’t intend to 
change it; therefore I shall thank you not tocall here any 
more,” and shuts the door in his face. What had been 
the cause of her 2/7 humour he could not tell. Perhaps 
the oven had got too hot and burnt the bread, or the cat 
had walked across the hearth before it was dry and left its 
footprints on the floor, or a neighbour’s dog had worried 
one of her most promising chickens ; or her little girl had 
come in with her last clean pinafore dirted, just as she had 
decided to put the washing off till next week; or Mrs. 
“Eclipse-her-neighbour,” has just got a new sitting- 
room suite of furniture that knocks hers completely into 
the shade. 

However that may be, he continues his canvassing, but 
a considerable time elapses before he gets over a reception 
of that kind. The Directory System, if it does not do away 
with it entirely, at least will considerably reduce it. And 
for that reason alone it is well wortha trial. 


BEAR THIS IN MIND! 

W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs. Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly finished sewing niachines, so 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 hours’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use. 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval.—W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, §.H.—Apvr. 


DOMESTIC MACHINE and FURNISHING DEPOT, 


In Main Thoroughfare, London, W. 
OLD ESTABLISHED. CASH AND HIRE SYSTEM. LOW RENT. 
LET OFF £52. INCOMING SMALL, NO BOOK DEBTS. 
Address—‘* DOMESTIC,” care of the Sewing Machine Gazette, 
28, Paternoster Row, London, H.C. 








14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


SEPT. 2, 1895. 


Ce reer eerie ee ae ee ee 


A POCKET ‘' PROSPECT BOOK.” 

You should also have a pocket “prospect book.” Set 
apart for each week as much space as you will require for 
the entry ofprospects. Fill in the dates for say six or 
twelve months in advance. At the close of each day’s 
canvassing (while the work is fresh in your mind) enter 
the prospects made in the pages provided for the dates 
on which you iutend to call again. The prospects you 
fail to turn into sales carry forward after each visit to 
such dates as you think it would be advisable to call 
again. Write out your “prospects” in the order in 
which you come at them. If yours is acountry district, 
set apart so much space for each village where you have 
“prospects,” write out their names, and under each enter 
the ‘ prospects’ to be called upon. Every Saturday or 
Monday morning turn to the page set apart for that 
week and there you will find the particulars of prospects 
to be called upon. The above system will prevent you 
from ever forgetting or losing sight of your prospects. 

While thinking about this ‘‘new system” of canvass- 
ing I discovered that the arguments used in favour of 
sewing with machinery rather than by hand could all be 
used in favour of ‘‘ Directory Canvassing” in preference 
to the ‘Old System.” While soliciting orders you 
frequently meet and have some conversation with Mrs. 
“ Old-fashioned,” or Mrs. ‘Out-of-date,”’ or Mrs. 
‘“ Behind-the-times.” You say, ‘‘ Let me sell you one of 
our new machines,” and she says, ‘‘No, I would not 
exchange my machine for one of the best and latest 
improved machines you have.’”’ And you say, ‘‘ Our new 
machines have the self-setting needle, self-threading 
shuttle, automatic-winder, and are so_ simple, 
quiet, light-running, and have so many improvements 
that if you used one of them for a week you would not 
willingly go back to your old-fashioned, slow, noisy, 
heavy, and complicated machine again.”’ 

You honestly pity the person who prefers her old-style 
machine to one of the new ones. You are confident if 
she would let the new machine speak for itself it would 
very soon talk the old one out of court. And so it is 
with canvassing. I honestly pity the agent who prefers 
the ‘‘ Old System.” I am sure that if you would be per- 
suaded by me to give the ‘‘ Directory System” a fair 
trial you would find it so much superior in every respect 
that you would not on any account go back to the “ Old 
System,” 


THE ‘DIRECTORY SYSTEM’’-A TIME AND LABOUR SAVER. 


You say to Mrs, “Undecided”: “‘ The sewing that it takes 
you a week to do by hand could be done in a few hours 
with a machine.” If you continue on the “ Old System ”’ 
you are obliged to canvass almost every house in the street 
repeatedly, which is a great waste of time and labour, 
but if you have obtained the information suggested with 
regard to names, machines, &c., you only need to call 
upon those who are not yet supplied, or where there is a 
prospect of an exchange. I distinctly remember upon 
one occasion, while I was a collector-salesman, a reserve 
staff, consisting of five or six men and a superin- 
tendent, being in my district. I got on the 
ground a little while before them, _ started 
work, and kept leading them all that day. The reason 
is not far to seek. They canvassed every house, whereas 
I only called upon those who were not supplied, or where 
I thought an exchange might be effected. 


THE “DIRECTORY SYSTEM’? A GOLD MINE, 


You recommend Mrs. “Undecided” to buy a 
machine, and refer her to Mrs. “ Invest-well,’’ who says 
stie “has had her machine ten years, and that it has 
recouped its cost ten times over.” For the same reason 
‘I strongly advise the ‘Directory System.’ No matter 
how much time and energy you may be obliged to spend 
in obtaining the information suggested, you will soon 
find yourself amply repaid for your outlay. I remember 
when this system was first introduced, a few years ago, 
how I ridiculed and opposed it, and how considerable 
pressure had to be applied before I adopted it, and row, 
though I am not personally interested in it at present, 
still to every man acting in the capacity of ‘‘collector- 
salesman” I would say if you wish to get through your 
work easily, quickly, and pleasantly, if you wish to 
promote your own interests, try it, try it, try it, and 
you will not regret the experiment, 

A, CROMACK. 


SINGER'S NEW BRITISH HEADQUARTERS. 


The Singer Manufacturing Company’s new general 
offices for Great Britain and Ireland, at 42 and 43, St. 
Paul’s Churchyard, London, E.C., are now complete, and 
fitted up according to the most modern ideas, and during 
the past month were occupied for the first time. 

We had an opportunity of viewing this palatial 
establishment last week, and our readers will be able, 
from what follows, and with the aid of our illustration, 
presented as a supplement, to get sore idea of what they 
may expect to see if ever it be their good fortune to 
inspect the premises. 

On the ground floor is situated the financial depart- 
ment, the magnitude of which may best be understood 
when it is mentioned that the Company have upwards 
of five hundred branch establishments throughout the 
country, and nearly seven thousand employes, not 
including the army of workmen employed at the Com- 
pany’s factory. 

Close by is the manufacturers’ room, where about 
fifty classes of special machines for use 1n factories are 
exhibited. These are most interesting, and are driven 
by electric power. 

In the floor below (the basement) ample room is pro- 
vided for the large collection of stationery stock, &c., 
essential to the accurate management of this huge and 
peculiarly interesting business. 

Further, we here find the hot water apparatus for 
heating the whole building, a strong-room capable almost of 
accommodating the requirements of the Bank of England, 
also a considerate arrangement regarding lavatory accom- 
modation, &c., for the employes. 

From the basement, and passing through all the 
various floors, is an elegant and the latest kind of 
American Otis lift, to carry books, &c., to and from the 
home of security to the different departments, and it also 
enables visitors to comfortably travel from the ground 
floor to the art room and saloon situated at a more 
ethereal altitude. It is the most tastily fitted lift we 
have ever seen, and is made very attractive by art stitched 
panels, aided by a framework of mirrors. 

On the first floor is the management, advertising 
department, order department (which forms a connecting 
link between the commercial department and the colossal 
factory at Kilbowie), printed matter department, 
statistical department, typewriters’ room, telephone room, 
and also the private and president’sroom. From here 
is a most charming outlook on to the grounds of 
St. Paul’s Cathedral. 

On the second floor is the counting-house, where may 
be found the inspectors when in London, and provision 
is also made fo: conducting the transfer of accounts of 
customers removing from one territory to another ; also 
the invoicing and control of stock. A department is also 
established on this floor for keeping a register of the 
employes throughout Great Britain and Ireland. In an 
adjoining room many clerks are located, collecting the 
figures in various forms for the use of the directors at 
headquarters in New York. 

On the third floor is the art workroom, where about 
twenty smart and intelligent girls are engaged, making 
on the “Singer” those marvellous embroideries, 
pictures, and all kinds of dainty nick-nacks which have 
astonished most of the trade the past year or two. 

An adjacent room forms the art saloon, which is a 
veritable haven of rest, and has an atmosphere of such 
luxury, splendour, and taste surrounding it as to make 
any parallel difficult, and as our most skilful description 
would very inadequately cover the least attractive 
features, we cannot do better than recommend our 
readers to make an early call of inspection. 

The building extends from St. Paul’s Churchyard to 
Old Change, so that as the streets run back and front 
ample light and air are ensured. The whole establish- 
ment is also lighted by electricity. 

The massive embossed glass sign ‘The Singer Manu- 
facturing Company ” is an emblem in itself, and is a suit- 
able symbol of vastness and power. A further large 
plain and bold sign at the top of the building, and which 
can be seen coming up from Ludgate Hill, denotes that 
the building is occupied in the interest of Singer’s 
Sewing Machines, and the waving folds of many 
flags alternately flying. tell the busy passers-by, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


STANLEY SHOW, 1895, 


THE 


19th ANNUAL EXHIBITION 


Cycles, Cycle Accessories, 
Cycle-making Machinery, 
Photographic Appliances, 


AND 


SEWING MACHINES, 


WILL BE HELD AT THE 


ROYAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, 


ISsSsLiINnNGTOnRn!, Ni., 
NOVEMBER 22np to 30rn, 1895, 


Both Dates Inclusive. 
OPEN TO THE WHOLE TRADE. 


Acknowledged by the Press, Public, Agents, 
Buyers, and Cyclists as 


THE TRADE EXHIBITION, 


and promises this year to surpass all previous 


STANLEY SHOWS. 

















The Committee have again set apart the 
EAST END of MAIN GALLERY specially 
for the Exhibition of 


SEWING MACHINES 


Applications for space, which is limited, should be made at once to 


Ee. A. LAMB, Secretary, 
57, Chancery Lane, W.C. 


- Telegraphic Address—<« INSUPPRESSIBLE, LONDON.” 


16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


whether on business or pleasure bound, the 
cosmopolitan nature of this phenomenal firm 
by reason of the happy blend of Stars and Stripes and 
the Union Jack. In short, American, English, Scotch, 
Irish, and Welsh all come in for a share, but it is con- 
summated with the paternal banner “‘ Singer’s.” 

The contractors for the work in connection with this 
important undertaking were Messrs. Kerry & Hollidge, 
of Highgate Hill, N., and they have succeeded in pro- 
ducing a range of offices which are the most perfect we 
have ever inspected. 


THE COMPETITION OF THE STORES. 


Our excellent contemporary, the Drapers’ Record, has 
been writing on the subject of Retail Tradesmen versus 
Stores, and its remarks, which we give at foot, will interest 
not a few of our readers :— 

Times changeand men with them. Of this trite and 
ancient maxim the career of the Civil Service Stores is an 
excellent example. In their early days they were the 
abomination of all retail tradesmen, and attempts were 
even made, if we mistake not, to compel the wholesale 
houses to boycott them. Yet the Stores expanded their 
operations rapidly, and all the hostility against them 
proved futile. Now the position is altered. The outcry 
against these institutions is dwindling; they are making no 
headway, and, indeed, are barely holding their own. On 
the other hand, shops are more numerous than ever, and 
drapers especially have expanded their commercial pro- 
vince to an extent which previously was undreamt of. 
In the present phase of the struggle retailers have no 
reason to be concerned about their position. Indeed, it is 
the Stores which seem likely to come second best out of 
the competition. 

Data are now available which enable us to judge of the 
position better than ever before. Our well-known con- 
temporary, the S/a/is/, published in its last issue its yearly 
and admirable synopsis of the accounts of the five concerns 
usually known as “‘ Civil Service Stores,” a term which 
we use for convenience, though it is to some extent a 
misnomer. These are the Army and Navy Co-operative 
Society, the Civil Service Supply Association, the Civil 
Service Co-operative Society, the Junior Army and Navy 
Stores, and the New Civil Service Co-operation. At the 
same time there are nuw available, owing to their con- 
version into limited liability companies, the accounts of 
many leading drapery concerns, of which we select five 
—Thomas Wallis & Co., Harrod’s Stores, John Barker 
& Co., J. R. Roberts, and D. H. Evans & Co., as 
affording a fair basis for comparison. That it is less 
complete than it might otherwise have been is due to the 
fact that the companies named do not publish the totals 
of their sales. 

Taking first the aggregate figures of the Stores, we find 
no sign of expansion in the amount of business done. In 
1880 the total sales of the five was little over 44 millions 
sterling, and by 1889 they had risen to £ 5,944,886, or an 
increase of about 40 per cent. in nine years. Since then, 
however, there has been a decided change. Not only 
has there been no increase, but year by year the sales 
have slightly declined, until for 1894 they stand at 
5,737,009, or nearly 34 per cent. below those of five years 
ago. It is true that nearly the whole of this period 
has been one of general depression, and that prices 
have been steadily falling; but it has also to be remem- 








bered that the Stores are patronised by a larger number 


of people with fixed incomes than most retail 
concerns, and that bad times have occurred before 
without hindering the growth of the sales. During the 
period, too, some at any rate of the drapery concerns we 
have mentioned have made steady and even rapid pro- 
gress, and the inference is irresistible that retail competi- 
tion 1s preventing the Stores from making headway, 
While the Jarge draper can sell as cheaply as the Stores, 
he offers the buyer a better selection, more personal 
attention, and greater convenience in the matter of 
delivery. Hard as it is to bring facts home to the ordi- 
nary mind, the task has, in this case, been accomplished, 
and the public no longer regards the Stores as a marvel 
of cheapness. It is significant also in this connection 
that the ratio of gross profit and expenses to the sales is 
arising’ one. In 1880 the gross profit realised was 8-8 
per cent., it is now 12°19 per cent., while expenses have 








SEPT. 2, 1895. 


risen from 8 tonearly 9 per cent. This movement is 
probably a permanent one, likely to become more marked 
now that the period of expansion seems définitely 
over. In fact, though the special advantages they 
originally possessed were not so great as was at 
first supposed, yet even in so far as they were real they 
are gradually disappearing, while the large retailers are 
steadily increasing those on their side. 

The truth is—and an earlier perception of it would 
have saved much heartburning—that the Stores are 
‘co-operative ” onlyin name, and can do no better for 
the consumer than any other limited company, or than 
any enterprising individual capitalist. Their early 
success was due simply to the fact that they adopted 
the system of trading for cash at close profits, when 
ordinary retailers had not realised the advantages of 
that method. ‘Now, the latter, drapers in particular, 
do realise it as the road to success, and pursue 
it with an energy far surpassing that of the Stores. It is 
curious to notice how close a parallel exists in many re- 
spects between the latter and the five limited drapery 
companies noted above. In both cases the profits are 
divided among shareholders. In both the proportion of 
net to gross profits works out at about 35 percent. It is 
further clear that, as is borne out by actual experience, the 
prices charged are, on the average, very similar. An 
absolute comparison on this point is impossible, for, as 
already stated, the drapery companies referred to do not 
state their total sales. If, however, we assume an identi- 
cal proportion of turnover to stock—an assumption, 
probably, unduly favourable to the Stores—the net profit 
earned by the latter works out at 32, and that of the 
drapery companies at 7} per cent. ‘his is a consider- 
able difference, and looks at first sight as if the Stores 
really sold more cheaply; but a closer inspection 
proves this not to be the case. The drapery concerns 
naturally do a large proportion of their business in 
drapery goods, where profits run at a higher rate than 
in the groceries and provisions, which form so large 
a part of the trade of the Stores; so that, though 
both classes of dealers mav sell article for article at 
the same price, such a difference may easily occur. 
That this is really so is shown by considering alone 
the figures of Harrod’s Stores and John Barker 
& Co., which of the five companies probably do the 
largest miscellaneous trade. In the case of those two 
firms the net profit falls to 4% per cent.—a very small 
variation from that of the Stores, even assuming the same 
turnover and taking no account of the fact that the 
Stores ratio is steadily rising. Thus, Arzma-facie, expec- 
tation, practical everyday experience, and published 
results, all point to the conclusion that, if there is any 
real difference between the Stores and ordinary traders, 
the advantage hardly lies with the former, except in so 
far as they pay larger average dividends to the share- 
holders—a fact of which customers may take due note 
with advantage. 


SEWING MACHINE DEALER ASSAULTS A 
BAILIFF. 


At the Shrewsbury Police Court, on the 3rd ult., 
before Messrs. T. P. Deakin and J. E. Jones, Henry Jones, 
sewing machine and general dealer, Wyle Cop, was 
charged under a warrant with assaulting William Henry 
Wood, acting high bailiff of the Shrewsbury County 
Court, while in the execution of his duty, on August 
1st.—The complainant stated that about eight in the 
morning he was sent for to the shop and house of the 
defendant, in Wyle Cop, A bailiff had been in posses- 
sion on the defendant’s premises, and the complainant 
had engaged Mr. A. Lowe to remove the things. The 
defendant was very violent, and when Mr. Lowe came 
he became more so, and threatened to murder Mr. Lowe 
if he set his foot upon the premises. Complainant told 
defendant that Mr. Lowe must be allowed to come upon 
the premises to superintend the removal of the things, 
and complainant asked Mr. Lowe to follow him into the 
house. As complainant was starding at the door of 
the house the defendant ‘went at him” with an 
iron bar from a _ bedstead, which he swung 
around his head in a very threatening manner, 
saying he would dash his braims out with it. Witness 
went into the street, where there were two police- 





Sept. 2, 1895. 





men, but they said they could not interfere, as Mr. Jones 
was on his private premises. - The defendant had the 
shop door locked, and witness told. him. they must have 
it opened, as the things would have to be taken out that 
way. Defendant would not open it, and when it was 
burst open he seized another piece of iron and struck at 
witness with it. It just missed his head, and “had it 
struck him he would not have been there that day.” 
Witness then directed the men to remove a dresser, 
which the defendant said was a fixture, and he added 
that if they took it away it would be over his———corpse. 
—Alick Lowe gave evidence in corroboration, and David 
McKie, the bailiff in possession, also supported the com- 
plainant’s statement.—In reply to the defendant, the 
last-named witness said during the earlier part of 
the morning he (defendant) was most civil, and 
gave every possible assistance until they wanted 
to remove the dresser. That was the first time 
he saw Mr. Jones offer any resistance. — The 
defendant, in answer to the charge, asked the Bench to 
consider the position he was in. Everything had been 
taken from him, and he had been locked up two days. 
He had a wife and children, and he begged of the Bench 
—ift they considered him guilty of any offence—to deal 
leniently with him and he would leave the town, for it 
seemed that he would never be able to do any good in 
it—John Burd, New Park Street, was called for the 
defence.—The defendant was further charged with 
assaulting Alick Lowe, and also with using threats to 
him, at the same time and place—Sergeant W. Jones 
gave corroborative evidence in this case.—Defendant said 
he committed no assault, but he was a bit excited, and he 
did tell Mr. Lowe not to come on the premises. It was 
all about the removal of the dresser.—In the first case 
the defendant was fined £5 and costs, or one month’s 
imprisonment ; and in the second he was bound over to 
keep the peace for three months, himself in £10, and 
two sureties in £10 each, also to pay the costs in the 
case, or be imprisoned seven days. 








A Bill of Sale was filed on August 3rd for £450 against Henry 
Cheesman, domestic machinery dealer, 7, Gladstone Terrace, South 
Woodford, in favour of The Metropolitan Credit Company. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 17 





THE ATLAS BEDSTEADS. 


We are requested by the Atlas Bedstead Company, of 
Bilston, to call attention to the fact that they now have 
showrooms in London, Glasgow, Dublin, Belfast, Man- 
chester, Leeds, Liverpool, and Cardiff. The company 
state that they have made these new arrangements ‘so 
that buyers may not be compelled to purchase from 
drawings, as they have only to give acall at the show- 
rooms and see the actual quality of our productions 
before buying. This, it is acknowledged, meets a long- 
felt want, as buyers are often dissatisfied with the makers 
they have, but when they change and buy from drawings 
it 1s often found that the change is for the worse, and 
that the quality is nothing like what is represented on 
the drawings. By customers calling at our showroom in 
the nearest large town to their address they can be satis- 
fied as to what the quality and finish of our goods are, 
and we think it will be a great convenience to buyers. 
Irrespective of this, ay customer in the trade can take 
a retail customer with him to our showrooms and show 
his customer the samples there, which are marked in 
gross prices subject to 50 per cent. to the trade, thus 
enabling our customer to allow a discount to his 
customer. If any private buyer who] is taken to our 
shcewrooms by his furnisher selects any pattern it can 
be sent off same day on receipt of telegram, which is 
practically adding another showroom to our customer’s 
premises in the towns named.” 


THE “ NEW WILLIAMS” MACHINE. 


Mr. R. J. Johns, the agent-general for Europe and the 
Colonies for the “ New Williams” sewing machine, has 
now got his warehouse at 44, Farringdon Street, E.C., in 
working order. On a recent visit we examined the latest 
machine of the Williams Manufacturing Company, who 
have factories at Montreal, Canada, and Plattsburg, 
U.S.A., and found it exceedingly pleasing. We regret 
not being able to give an illustration of the working 
parts, as the blocks are not yet to hand, but the machine 
has a vibrating shuttle, which is absolutely self-threading, 
and the feed is worked in a manner which is novel and 





YOU CAN'T AFFORD 


to recommend or supply your Customers inferior goods of any 
description. A lasting and profitable business can only be built 
up with the best goods that never disappoint purchasers. A 
Sewing Machine that is built on honour, if properly cared for, 
should last a lifetime and be a standing advertisement tor the 
dealer who sells it. 
BOEIDOOVOHOODOOD SOE EV OOOO OOS TIVO OOOOH O945 


SPODOOHHOOSOOOYH 


THE 

KIND 
THAT 
PAYS. 


SPOOOSOSCOOOOD 


VERTICAL FEED 
‘SEWING MACHINE. 


Proved by the highest standing in the trade for 
30 years. The only Sewing Machine that feeds 
the work while the needle is through the goods, 
preventing all puckering or gathering, and pro- 
ducing a strong, handsome and elastic seam with- 
out basting—an impossibility on any other 
machine made, our own underfeed not excepted. 


POSSSOSOO DS OSH HSSOSHOFHOOHOHOO 


SILENT RUNNING 


SEWING MACHINE. 


Positively the lightest and quietest shuttle 
machine eyer produced, and possessing the same 
high standard of excellence in quality of material 
and workmanship that has always been a feature 
of our product. It has no superior among under- 
teed sewing machines, and offers many points of 

advantage over each. 


9 SOOO OOO OSO9 SS 9S5H95959OHO95 


We offer exceptional advantages to responsible dealers 
who desire to establish the reputation of handling reliable 
goods and build up a permanently profitabie trade. 


VERTICAL FEED SEWING WIACHINE CO., 


24, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C, 


Manufactory and Head Office 





DAYTON, OHIO, U.S.A. 


ADVANCE | 





18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





eminently satisfactory. For the upper thread a capital 
tension release is used, and the needle is easily set and 
without the need of a screw-driver. 

The table and stand are also improved. The 
drawers are so constructed that they can be added 


to or detached without trouble, and the old 
form of brace has been abolished, so that the 
operator has no fear of injuzing the knees. Another 


new feature is the use of an automatic leveller, which 
permits of the machine standing rigidly op the most 
uneven of floors. 

The form of decoration used is a combination of gold 
and silver, which, combined with first-class cabinet work, 
gives ita handsome appearance. The machine makes a 
pearly stitch, and works as silently and freely as the most 
fastidious could desire. 

We should not forget to add that with every machine 
is supplied, free of charge, a range of attachments for 
every kind of work. The Williams Company claim 
that their box of attachments is the most complete in the 
market. 








NEW W. S&S W. MACHINE. 

The Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company have 
now received at their headquarters in Paul Street, Fins- 
bury, E.C., a stock of their new Vertical Hook machines. 
This machine works two rows of stitches, the distance of 
which can be varied from one-sixteenth to one anda 
quarter inches, two hooks being used. By means of a 
simple attachment, a very fine French seam can be 
worked. This seam is produced by the two edges of the 
fabric being folded and sewn down on opposite sides. 
he machine works rapidity and requires but little 
skill. 

We hear that business with the W. & W. Company 
has been verv good of late, both in this country and the 








States. Our readers will remember our commendation 
of the art picture, ‘‘ A Street in Old Chester,” executed on 
a W. & W. sewing machine, and now on exhibit in the 
Company’s Cheapside showroom. We give herewith a 
sketch which conveys some idea of the intricacy of this 
exceedingly choice specimen of “ needle painting.” 








TRADE FESTIVITIES. 


On August 2nd the staff of Bradbury & Co.’s Commercial Road 
branch held their first summer outing. Starting from London Bridge 
on the ‘‘Clacton Belle,” they journeyed to Gravesend, where, on 
landing, they spent the time very pleasantly exploring the town until 
dinner time, when they assembled at the Elephant’s Head, Rosher- 
ville, to do justice to a homely English fare of good quality, and 
bountifully supplied by the proprietors, After the usual loyal and 
patriotic toasts came the “Firm,” coupled with the name of W. 
Cunliffe, Esq., general manager. Then followed the “‘ Branch Manager,” 
Mr. Whitworth, who had given so much encouragement and material 
assistance in promoting the affair. The next toast was the “ Superin- 
tendent,” Mr. Jones, who acted as secretary and treasurer, and to whom 
is due the great success of this the first annual outing. At 
3 o'clock the party were driven by brakes through the surrounding 
country, and were charmed with the view of orchards, hop gardens, &c. 
After a visit to Charles Dickens’ house, at Gad’s Hill, they returned 
to the Elephant’s Head, Rosherville, and at 6 o’clock a substantial tea 
was served up. The rest of the eyening was spent in songs, music, 





SEPT. 2, 1895. 





&c., and the return to London was made at 9.30 p.m. by rail, where 
each man dispersed on his way homeward, having spent a thoroughly 
enjoyable day, 

The employes of Messrs. Bradbury’s Birmingham dep ot went for 
their, first annual “picnic” on the 14th ult. They started at 9.50 by 
train for Stratford-on-Avon, and put up at the “ Fountain,” in Wood 
Street. Dinner was served at 12.30, when followed a long toast list, 
with Mr. J. B. Jackson, the Bradbury Company’s Birmingham district 
manager, in the chair. After the loyal toast, that of ‘‘ Bradbury & Co., 
Limited,” was given by Mr. Falkinder amid great enthusiasm, followed 
by ‘‘ The General Manager ” (Mr. Cunliffe),proposed by Mr. Sanderson, 
which was also received with great cheering. Mr. D. Hall, in proposing 
‘‘Our Manager and President,’ remarked that he had been chosen 
because he could speak from long experience, having worked under 
Mr. Jackson for sixteen years, and he had found him not only devoted 
to the company’s interests, but always having an attentive ear and a 
kindly sympathetic manner for all the employees under his charge. 
In rising to reply, Mr. Jackson was greeted with much applause, and 
he commenced his thanks by recalling the fact that it was twenty years 
the present month since he first entered the service of Bradbury & Co, 
as manager at Manchester, as recorded at the time in the Sewing 
Machine Gazette. During this long period he had seen many changes 
in the trade; and, while constantly keeping the company’s interest in 
view and striving to merit the confidence of employers, he had 
endeavoured so to conduct himselfas to gain the esteem of his fellow 
employés, ‘* ever remembering that man here at best is clothed with but 
a little briefj authority, and that when in turn his honours pass away 
he will be the subject of a righteous judgment.” After tea 
the proceedings terminated with votes of thanks to the hon. 
secretary, Mr. G. D. Turner, who had devoted much care and attention 
to drawing up and carrying out a successful programme; to the 
caterer, who had left nothing wanting on his part; and to the 
musicians and singers who had enlivened the occasion. Then followed 
a short stroll, the weather being perfect, and the party, which 
numbered sixty-four, returned home in two reserved saloon carriages, 
having had a glorious, day. 








THE MULTIPLEX STAMP MACHINE. 
One of the most useful office appliances ever introduced 
is the machine now being made by the Multiplex 
Stamp Company, Limited, of 61, West Smithfield, 























































































































































































































Sot Ui 


London, E.C, As will be seen from our engraving, a 
number of rubber stamps can be inserted in the machine, 
and by depressing the lever any one of them can be 
caused to descend on the printing platform. The inking 
pad at the back revolves with each depression of the 
lever, so as to give a fresh inking surface, and this com- 
bined with the regular vertical descent serves to pro- 
duce an impression from the stamp as unifcrm and 
perfect as that of ordinary letterpress printing. The 
improvement in the work done by this machine must 
really be seen to be thoroughly appreciated. 

Tt will be readily understood that the ‘“ Multiplex” 
machine allows of a variety of work hitherto outside the 
province of a rubber stamp. Fresh stamps can be 
instantly affixed to the machine, and a small circular or 
a postcard can be composed with movable type, locked in 
a chase and fastened in the machine, and hundreds of 
perfect impressions produced in an hour. The machine 
is strongly made and is not likely to get out of order, and 
shows a great advance on the familiar hand stamps, which 
litter an office desk and are liable to injury. 





SEPT, 2, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazeite. 19 


CAUTION. 


dbereas, In an action brought in the High 
Court of Justice (Chancery Division) by THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY against a firm who offered for sale 
Sewing Machines not made by JHE SINGER MANUFAC- 
TURING COMPANY as “\Improved Singer Machines” and 
“_______’g Improved Singer Machines,” Mr. Justice Romer 
gave judgment in favour of THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY and restrained the defendants from using the 
trade name “Singer” in any way calculated to deceive, 


And tubereas re swoee wanuracrurne 


COMPANY have received from numerous dealers who have 
also wrongfully used their trade name “Singer” apologies 
and undertakings not to again use the name in a manner 
calculated to deceive, and have paid damages and 


costs, 


Notice is hereby given that THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY will proceed against all persons using 
their trade name “Singer” contrary to the said judgment 


of Mr. Justice Romer or otherwise wrongfully. 


GILBERT D. WANSBROUGH, 
6, Old Change, London, E.C, 
Solicitor to The Singer Manufacturing Company. 





20 | ‘ 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


SEPT. z, 1895. 
















































































Singers will shortly open a depot in Holborn, London, 
' E.C., nearly opposite to Gray’s Inn Road. 


Messrs. W. Summerscales & Sons, Limited, have just 
introduced a new pattern mangle, which they call the 
“Squirrel.” 


* & 


Mr. ‘Wilson, of the National Sewing Machine Com- 
pany, has removed from Fetter Lane, E.C., to Cursitor 
Street, E.C. ’ 


The Singer Manufacturing Company have just opened 
the two following offices under Leeds: 7, Carlton Street, 
Castleford ; and 24, Town Street, Stanningley. 


Mr. Schenck, of the New Home Sewing Machine 
Company, now on avisit to Europe, reports an increased 
sale in “‘ New Home” machines the last few months. 

Last month the “ Vertical Feed” sewing machines 
were shown at the Yorkshire Agricultural Show, held at 
Halifax, by Mr. Albert Hind, the company’s local agent, 
and good business resulted, 

A number of members of the Institute of Mechanical 
Engineers visited the Singer Company’s works at 
Kilbowie on the rst ult., and were shown over same by 
Mr. W. H. Inslee, the general manager of the factory. 


Mr. G. H. Hudson, late with the Singer Company, has 
opened premises at 4o, Princess Street, Bury, Lancashire, 
for the sale of furniture, clocks, perambulators, and wash- 
ing machines, and will shortly add sewing machines to his 
stock. 


= * 


Messrs. Blackburne Bros. have started business at 81, 
Victoria Road, Seacombe, as dealers in sewing and washing 
machines, cycles, and perambulators, and they ask us to 
state that they would be pleased to receive price lists 
from wholesale firms. 


Ld 


Weare informed that depots for the ‘‘ New Howe” 
sewing machines will shortlyjbe opened at 141, Rue Royale, 
and 2 and 4, Rue de la Sablonniere, Brussels. In addition 
to sewing machines, itis proposed to sell cycles, typewriters, 


and American furniture, 
* 8 


Mr. W. Jackson announces that he has retired from 
the Singer Manufacturing Company after six years’ 
service, twelve months of which were spent as travelling 
superintendent at Birmingham-and the. last three 
months as superintendent at Stourbridge. 

os « 
* 


Willows, Limited, dealers in refrigerating and laundry 
machinery, have decided to voluntarily wind up. The 
assets are said to be £4,000, with debts only £130. The 
outstanding book debts are stated at £600, so that the 
mangle creditors of the firm would appear to be perfectly 


safe. 
ss 


Messrs. Marwood & Cross have just started business as 
dealers in sewing and washing machines, cycles and 
perambuiators, at 16 and 18, Sneinton Road, Nottingham. 
Among the articles sold by.this firm is the Anglo- 
American washing machine, a new article for which they 
are sole district agents. sae 

A bassinette maker, named Henry Brookes, recently 
sued Mr. Edward Pitt, of Gloucester, fora month’s wages, 
he having been dismissed for absence from work. Judg- 
ment was entered for the defendant because he was 
engaged by the hour ; but the Court allowed the plaintiff 
ros. 5d. to pay the cost he had been put to in removing 
his furniture from Birmingham to Gloucester. 


ss 


= 
The Cherry Tree Machine Company have now on show 
at their London depot, 44, Farringdon Street, E.C., the 
Queen’s Fire-lighting Fan. Either Mr. Johns or his son 
will show this new patent to any of our readers, in actual 
work, and we are certain that it is a good selling line 
for the domestic machinery trade. It retails at 2rs., 


| the sewing machine world. 


will last for years, and as it practically costs nothing for 
the oil used, it soon pays for itself. It is quite a new 
invention and is sure to have an enormous sale, and our 
readers should secure an‘agency without delay. 

* * 


Mr. James Bray, of King’s Universal Supply, is a 
fortunate man. He recently had a fire at ‘his house, at 
Bexley Heath, resulting in damage to the extent of LEB. 
On giving notice to the London, Liverpool, and Globe 
Company, of Cornhill, he was astonished to find that 
through an oversight on the part of a clerk the insurance 
had lapsed, and thus he had no claim whatever upon the 
insurance company. The company, however, promised 
to consider the case, and a few days later wrote him to 
the effect that although not liable to the extent of a 
single farthing they would under the circumstances award 
him £200. 


THE COMBINATION SEWING MACHINE 
COMPANY. 

The statutory meetings of the creditors and share- 
holders in the Combination Lock and Chain Stitch 
Sewing Machine and Attachment Syndicate, Limited, 
was recently held at 33, Carey Street, W.C. The 
syndicate was formed in December, 1890, with a nominal 
capital of £6,000, to acquire and resell patents for an 
improved attachment to sewing machines. Unsuccessful 
attempts having been made to sell the patents to manufac- 
turers, an arrangement was ultimately made for the 
tormation of the Victory Three-Stitch Sewing Machine 
Company, with a capital of £100,000. That company 
did no business, and 33,000 £1 shares therein handed to 
the syndicate for the patents are now regarded as of no 
value. The failure of the syndicate is ascribed to inability 
to sell the patent rights to manufacturers, or to float a 
manufacturing company. Mr. Blakewell, a director, 
stated that the patent attachment was so valuable that it 
would, when put on the market, completely revolutionise 
Mr. A. C. Oakes, agent and 
dealer in patents, was elected as liquidator, with 4 view 
to placing the patent on the market at an early date. 
The accounts show debts £1,046, and a deficiency of 
£7,046 as regards contributories. The following are the 
principal creditors :— 








passuids 
Bate, F. G., London... 500 506 20 
Brighton & Lemon, London ! ar «+ QO 15 0 
Blackwell, L. E., London ... er 600 AAO 
Fair, W. F., London 53 ob ae ins) 34013) 10 
Hill, C. J., London... Rod om ia ee LORIO RTO: 
Mellors, Basden, & Co., London ... we co 1B 12 © 
Newton & Sons, London ... Bd ws SOM Sao) 
Oakes, A. C., London es 260 2 0 








THE STANLEY SHOW. 


We hear from Mr. E. A. Lamb, the secretary, that 
there will be a sewing machine section at the Stanley 
Show, the same as last year. Several important firms 
have already booked space, and prospects, we are informed, 
are highly satisfactory. 

The Stanley Show, we might add, will be held at the 
Agricultural Hall, as usual, opening on November 22nd 
and lasting until November 30th. Applications for space 
can be made either to Mr. Lamb, at 57, Chancery Lane, 
E.C., or his agent, Mr. F. A. Cavendish Macdonnell, of 
97, Burton Road, Brixton, S.W. 








A LAPSED PRAM PATENT: 


Mr. W. H. Marris writes from 118, Freemantle Street, 
Grimsby, asking us to notify to the perambulator trade 
that the patent for Marris & Cooke's “Victor ” carriage 
has lapsed, and that anyone can now adopt the same. 

Our correspondent says that a short time ago he 
agreed with a large maker in the Midlands to make this 
carriage under royalty, but when the fees were due the 
firm would not pay, because Mr. Marris would not proceed 
against another firm for infringement. Thus it came 
about that the patent has been allowed to lapse, and Mr. 
Marris adds that he finds the Midland firm aforesaid are 
now making the ‘‘ Victor” carriage a leading line. 








The solicitor who acted for Mr. Kent in the St. George’s case, 
reported on page 27, was Mr. C. F. Dean, of Slough and Windsor, 
and Mr. Kerit’s success was largely due to the skilful way he had got 
up the case. 


SEPT. 2, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazeite. 


A REVOLUTIONARY MACHINE. 


Startling Reductions in Prices to Dealers | 


Lists in Preparation. Enquiries Inwited. 
SESS SSSSHSSSSHHSSSHSOSOOOSOOS SPHSCSSHOSSSSSSSSHSHSOSSOSOOOOOOD 


mil 


ei 


/ 


| ii 











Showing Bobbin in Posi‘ion, REVOLVING SHUTTER BOX. Showing Bobbin Out. 


For Accessories and Attachments. 































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































The Gover ap anave Mcenne. 


—— ere ree ee ee er ana aa 
POOCCOSOOOOOOOO 00006 60O6OFOO OOF OSSD OOOOPOEDESE POPES OOOO POOOOOOOOSOHOOTOOOO OOS 
OI EPP PIII IIIA IIIB DI III II ILI IDI LIE 


WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING Go., 


6 to 11, PAUL STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON, E.C. 


22 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


SEPT, 2, 1895. 





JONES’ SEWING MACHINE COMPANY, LTD. 
SIXTH ANNUAL REPORT. 


The sixth annual meeting of Jones’ Sewing Machine 
Company, Limited, was held at the works, Guide Bridge, 
on the rsth ult., when the following was presented :— 


DIRECTORS’ REPORT. 


To THE SHAREHOLDERS, 


The Directors present their Sixth Annual Statement 
of Accounts, which shows that, after allowing the sum of 
£1,763 19s. 11d. for depreciation, the profit on the year’s 
trading amounts to £12,149 13s. 8d., which, with the 
balance of £875 15s. 94d. brought forward from last 
year’s account, gives a total of £13,025 9s. 54d. 


The Debenture Interest and Directors’ fees absorb 
£2,750, and one-and-a-half year’s dividend at 6 per cent. 
paid to the Preference Shareholders in February last, 
£5,850, leaves a disposable balance of £4,425 9s. 54d. 
which the Directors recommend to be dealt with as 
follows, viz. :—to pay the half-year’s Dividend on the 
Preferesice Shares—at 6 per cent.—{£1,950, and a sum 
of £2,250 to the Ordinary Shareholders, which is 
equivalent to 6 per cent. for half-a-year, that is from the 
time when the Preference Shareholders were fully paid 
their accumulated Dividends. This will leave 
£225 9s. 54d. to be carried forward, which your 
Directors trust will be satisfactory. 

The works have been maintained, and are in a most 
efficient conditioa. 

For the Directors, 
WILLIAM JONES, CHatrMaAn. 





BALANCE SHEET, 
CAPITAL AND LIABILITIES. 


Lf s. d. LE By Ge 


Dr. 


NoMINAL CAPITAL— 
13,000 Six per cent. 
Cumulative 
Preference 
Shares of £ 


each ... G2 105,000, 0710 
19,000 Ordinary 

Shares of £ 

each ... .» 95,000 0 O 











32,000 Shares . 160,000 0 oO 
SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL— 
13,000 Six per cent. 
Cumulative 
Preference 
Shares of £5 

each : 
15,000 Ordinar y 
Shares of £5 


65,000 0 O 


3ist MAY, 1895. CR 
PROPERTY AND ASSETS. 
fe iets aaa 
Land, Buildings, Machinery, Plant, 
Fixtures, Furniture, Tools, and 
Goodwill ee aby, sa OLORE 1B © 
Stock-in-Trade, Book Debts, and 
Cash in hand ss 161,690 4 7 


each ... 





28,000 Shares 


75,000 O O 








140,c0o0 © 0 


Five per cent. First Mortgage Deben- 


tures—8oo of £50 each... 


Reserve Fund 
Creditors 


Balance of Profit andl [occ tccount 


Intereston Debentures... 

Directors’ Fees... ie 

Dividend paid to Prefer- 
ence Shareholders— 
one-and-a-half year’s at 
6 per cent. 


40,000 0 90 
10,000 0 O 

Br) Ties 
4425 9 58 


Le wrOons Wy 2G 














£226,615 17 7 
PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT. 


LE Bo Gla LS, Gl a Sead: 
2,000 O O Balance brought forward from last 

750 0 O year’s account sho a6 875 15 9+ 
Net Profit of the Working from 
the 1st June, 1894, to 31st 

May, 1895 oe 12,149 13 8 


5,850 0 O 





8,600 0 O 


Balance as per Balance Sheet— 


Recommended to be di 
Dividend on Prefer- 
ence Shares at 6 
per cent — half- 
year nae ati 
Dividend on Ordin- 
ary Shares at 6 per 
cent — half-year 
Balance carried for- 
ward 


Examined and Cert 


sposed of as follows : 


1,950 0 0 














2,250 0 O 
225 9 5p 
ee 9 53 
£13,023 9 5% £13,02529 65. 


ificd Correct, 


JOEL WAINWRIGHT, Chartered Accountant, 


25th July, 1395. 


ASHTON-UNDER-LYNE 


WILLIAM JONES, ) 
JOHN EDWARD MELLOR, pe uaeTOS, 


EDWARD SLANEY, SeEcrerary. 


SEPT. 2, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 23 


ee 


LLOYDS NEW PRAM FACTORY. 


Last month the old established firm of Lloyd & Co., of 
the Boro’, made two important changes, first, to con- 
v.rt their business into a limited liability company ; 
secondly, to lease new premises for their manufacturing 
business. 

Lloyd & Co., Limited, should henceforth be addressed 
as of 22, Featherstone Street, City Road, London, E.C. 
Yhese premises are much more conveniently situated 
than those in the Boro’, located as they area few yards 
only from Moorgate Street and City Road, and thus 
being on the line of ’buses and trams running to all parts 
of the metropolis, not to mention the railway, which is 
almost equally contiguous. 

On page 6 will be found an engraving of Lloyd’s 
new factory, which is not exaggerated in the slightest 
degree. It consists of five extensive floors lighted by nine 
windows back and front. The basement is arranged asa 
smith’s shop, and is well appointed for this purpose. The 
ground floor is used principally as a showroom, and is one 
of the most capacious in the trade. Inthe centre is a 
raised platform containing a complete range of Lloyd’s 
bassinettes and cars, and round the room are displayed 
samples of toy prams, strong toys, &c., the whole being 
shown to great advantage owing to the manner they are 
arranged and the perfect lighting of the room. At one 
end is the counting-house and the private office, and at 
the other a powerful lift communicating with the upper 
and lower floors. 

On mounting the staircase we find that on the first 
floor is stored the finished stock. The paint shop, with a 
smaller room set apart for the best paint work, is on the 
second floor, and at the top are the hood and upholster- 
ing departments with astoreroom for parts and fittings at 
one end. 

Messrs. Lloyd have certainly secured capital premises 
for their new factory ; indeed, they are perfect of their 
kind, and we are informed that they intend to study the 
interests of the dealers much more thoroughly than 
heretofore, In the first place, they willdo no retail trade 
whatever. Secondly, they will keep their showroom well 
supplied with samples, so that dealers can, if they so 
desire, send their customers to make their selection from 
the manufacturers’ stock. Thirdly, they will issue com- 
prehensive catalogues. 

During the past two or three years Lloyd & Co, have 
devoted increasing attention to strong toys, such as 
juvenile cycles, pram, velocipede, and rocking horses, 
wheelbarrows, swings, dolls’ houses, toy engines, &c. 
This will henceforth be one of their leading departments, 
and those uf our readers who can sell these goods should 
get this company’s new list, just issued. In the course of 
a few weeks Lloyd & Co. will have several new designs 
in bassinettes and mail carts, all of which will be illus- 
trated in their trade list and marked with retail prices. 

Mr. Harry Victor Lloyd speaks most hopefully of 
rapidly developing the wholesale business now that he is 
being relieved of the cares of his retail department, and, 
as the trade know, he is a man of unusual energy and 
enterprise, and is unsurpassed in his knowledge of 
perambulators and cars. He has nowa splendid factory and 
ample capital at his disposal, and, indeed, so far as we can 
see, there does not exist a single obstacle to success. As 
a further aid to business Lloyd & Co. are being placed on 
the telephone exchange. 





—— ne —— 


DEATH OF A PRAM MANUFACTURER. 

We regret to have to record the death of Mr. John 
Gough, of the firm of Messrs. John Gough & Co., 
furniture and perambulator manufacturers, 20, Cross 
Street, Manchester, and 57, Hope Street, Glasgow, and at 
London. Mr. Gough had been in indifferent health for 
some time, brought about by over-work, he being very 
energetic and a man of exceptional business ability, and 
his end came on July 18th whilst at his residence in 
Lytham. He started business lifewhena boy at thebench in 
the shop of his brother-in-law, who was in the looking-glass 
and picture framing trade in Thomson Street, Manchester. 
Before attaining his majority, Mr. Gough acquired the 
business, and afterwards opened a manufactory at 8, 
Oldham Road, Manchester. He made such remarkable 
progress that he soon purchased the property, and further 
extended by taking premises in Bond Street, at the 





back, and subsequently those on either side in O!dham 
Road, of which he became the owner. Acquiring a large 
plot of land :n Cross Street, off Swan Street, Manchester, 
he built additional works and a warehouse, and added to 
his business of looking-glass manufacturer that of 
bassinette and furniture making. He also laid down a 
bevelling plant. He has established branches at Glasgow 
and London; and, in short, built up an extensive 
business. His wife died some years ago; he leaves a 
daughter. Latterly his nephew, Mr. T. Nolan, has ably 
managed the business, so that things will go on as usual. 








Failures and Arrangements. 





HEINRICHS & Co, mail-cart and bamboo furniture manufacturer:, 
Old Street, E.C. 

The statement of affairs of Henry Heinrichs, carrying on. business as 
a pram and furniture manufacturer under the title of Heinrichs & Co., 
whose public examination was commenced at the London Bankruptcy 
Court on the Ist ult.. shows a deficiency of £1,667 8s. 1d., the net 
liabilities being £2,655 11s. 11d., and the available assets £988 3s. 10d. 
The bankrupt says he commenced business in 1886 with about 
#3c0 capital, at 133, Old Street, E.C., subsequently acquiring 
also other premises, viz, No. 135, Old Street (adjoining); 1 and 2, 
New Street; and 123, Central Street, and 27A, Powell Street 
(corner), where he continued to trade down to the date of 
the receiving order, a previously attempted private composi- 
tiun arrangement having proved abortive. He came from Belgium 
in or about 1877, and was in the employ of a bentwood manu- 
facturing company until he commenced business on his own account. 
He attributes his failure to the adverse result of an action brought 
against him by the builders (under contract) of his premises in Central 
Street and Powell Street. The books of account produced by the 
bankrupt are, the Official Receiver says, of an imperfect and incom- 
plete character. No capital account, proper expenses accounts, or a 
trading account appear to have been kept, nor a profit and loss 
account or balance-sheet, showing the results of his trading and his 
financial position, prepared at any time ; and his present deficiency is 
in consequence only approximately and imperfectly explained, it being 
chiefly accounted for by depreciation in the value of his stock-in-trade 
(£607), and leases of his premises £679), as now estimated for rea lisa- 
tion, and by law costs and expenses (4403) in connection with the 
building contract and action referred to. 

CHARLES WIGHTMAN, formerly of 21, Bowling Green Street, 
and now residing in lodgings at 18, Haddon Street, Leicester, late 
sewing machine and cycle agent. 

The above has filed a statement of affairs showing unsecured liabili- 
ties amounting te £219 9s. 4d., and assets estimated to produce £15 
The debtor alleged his failure to have been caused through ‘‘ losses by 
dealing in cycles, and bad debts.” The report and observations of the 
Official Receiver are to the effect that the receiving order was 
made on the debtor’s own petition. He commenced business in 1885 
as a dealer in cycles and sewing machines, with a capital of £5. Before 
then he had been in a variety of situations. The business never seems 
to have answered, as the trade done was very small. The stock-in- 
trade and fixtures at 21, Bowling Green Street, the debtor’s last place 
of business, were sold under an execution on July 23rd last. The levy 
and costs amounted to £26 3s. 9d., but the gross proceeds of the sale 
was only £10 2s. 3d. The book debtswere sold to a brother of the 
debtor to pay the costs of the petition, £15. The nominal value of 
the debts was 460, but the debtor states they were offered to several 
debt collectors before they were disposed of to his brother. None of 
the debt collectors would give him more than £5 for them, but his 
brother after pressure agreed to give him the 415 in question. The 
debtor and his wife are now living as lodgerg in a house tenanted by 
his mother. The debtor does not intend to offer any composition to 
his creditors, and has been aajudicated bankrupt. 

JOHN C. INGRAM, cycle dealer, &c., 65, Broad Street, Pendlet on 

A deed of arrangement, dated July 25th, was filed in the above on 
August Ist, whereby a composition of 10s. in the pound is proposed, 
payable §s. at 14 days, and the remainder at three and six months. The 
unsecured liabilities are given at 41,721 5s., and estimated net assets. 
£835 15s. 9d. Among the creditors are the following :— 4 

s. d. 


Bradbury & Co., Limited, Oldham... 25 0 0 

Harrop, John, Manchester ... tee aia cee 1B) 

Townsend, George, Redditch geo ec0 eres OLLO 
WILLIAM YULE & CO., cycle agents, Bridge Street, Aberdeen. 

A trust deed has been granted in the above. Liabilities, 
41,460 7s 9d.; assets, 41,155,17s. The trustees expect to realise 5s. 
in the pound. Among the creditors are the Star Manfacturing Com- 
pany for £9 2s. 3d., and Messrs, Bradbury & Co., Limited, for £128 9;. 
WILLIAM SHEPHERD, domestic machinery dealer, 25, West 

Blackhall Street, Greenock. ¢ i 

The above has offered to pay his creditors a composition of 4s. 6d. 
in the pound, at four, eight, and twelve months. Liabilities, 
£621 12s. gd.; assets, £156 10s. 6d. The following are among the 


creditors : fay es 
Bradbury & Co., Limited, Oldham cee yea Oy 
Kimball & Morton, Limited, Glasgow aS mize See 
Baer & Rempell, Bielefeld... See ve a GP ee) 
McEwen & Co., Stiding ... 2 an6 a ye ChE IG) 
White Sewing Machine Co., London 55 ee a5 a7 kz 
Gritzner Machine Co., Limited, Durlach... a ZOLTO) 1G 
Humphrey & Sons, Limited, Birmingham is Wes C0) 
Dove, J.& T.A. ... see aa son lee 7 10 
Halesowen Perambulator Co.,Limited, Halesowen 6 6 O 
American Wringer Co., London ae Bets oO 


24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances} SEPT, 2, 1895. 
eee ease eee eee eee eee ee 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 
AS SUPPLIED 
: TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 
Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON ee oor AND INSPECTION INVITED. 


LSS SNS SINS 





SANSA SSI I 


THE BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD. 
49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, EC. 


HARROP’S| 
DOU BLE RALEIGH CAR. 


Provisional Patent No. 11,203. 
The Most Improved Combination in the Market. 


B ABY : for this 
-GARRIAGE 


Combination 
far exceeds 





























‘any previous 
AND 








; Sale. 
MAIL CART All Dealers 
VAM DT should handle 
COMBINED. at 
Convertible to Lists sent 
3 ) Positions. on 
Application. - 


55, TIB STREET (of OLDHAM SREED, 


WANCHESTER. 














ac, BARR STREET, BIRMINGHAM. 7 


The Largest Makers in the World of ~Perambulator Fittings. 


SEPT. 2, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 25 





THE 


System. 


shape. 





THES WRINGER, 


PHSSSSSSSSOS SSH SSOSSSOSHSSSCHUSO OHSS 


SPECIAL FEATURES. 


The “ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for ‘the 
Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied toany but bona-fide Hire- 
Purchase Dealers. _ ri) 3 i 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very best 
materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on the Hire 


The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering of 
Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised’ on the shaft and 
cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘“ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 


Considering the quality of the materials used, the “‘HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGHR is the cheapest in the market. 3 


Pe 





This Machine is now fitted with BRASS BEARINGS . 


without extra charge. 


QUALITY AND FINISH UNEQUALLED. 





A few SOLE AGENTS required in Districts where not represented. Full 


particulars on application. 


AMERICAN WRINGER CO.. 


122, Southwark Street, LONDON, S.E. 





PRAM TYRES. 


We have a large Stock of TYRES 
ready for delivery, in $ in., %in., and 3in. 
for Wheels 12 in. to26 in. Price 10d. lb. 
28 Ib. lots at 9d. 


Send size of wheels when ordering. 


TYRE CEMENT, Extra Quality, 9d. lb. 


OIL. 


4 oz. Bottles ee 24s. Od. per gross 
it BHA ASS Odi em, 
A ce Tse daw a, 








NOTICE THESE CHEAP LINES OF 
Ww Rin GER Ss. 

“STAR,” Iron Frame, 10 in., 8s. 6d.; 11 
me HOst= 12 insaliie rod. 

Champion, Iron Frame, 12 in., 11s. 6d. ; 
14 in., 14s.; 16 in., 16s. 

Royal, Wood Frame, 10 in., 9s. 6d. ; 12 in., 
12s. 6d. 





London Agents for TAYLOR & WILSON’S 
Celebrated MANGLES. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER C0., 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 





Bi 





A GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 






The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Glove Knitter in the Market. 





SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. ° 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments. 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


118, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM, 


FOR SALE—A_ BARGAIN. 


SPOSSSHSSOSOOOOOOSD 

Lloyd & Co., Limited, having decided to entirely 
relinquish their retail trade, carried on since 1871 in 
the Boro’, London, §.E.,*are open to treat for the 
disposal of the business. A very large retail trade has 
been done hitherto in these premises in mangles, 
perambulators, mail carts, and domestic apphances 
generally, and there are good prospects of an increased 
trade. Lloyd & Co. find it inconvenient to continue the 
retail branch, as they require all their energies for 
their new Perambulator and Toy Factory. 


Address for further particulars :— 


LLOYD & Co., Limited, 
99, FEATHERSTONE STREET, CITY. ROAD, E.C.- 


CYCLE JOTTINGS, ; SORES 








The Kingsland Manufacturing Company assure us that their trade 
this year is just double that of last season. j 

The International Tyre Company (Seddons) is being compulsorily 
wound up. The liabilities are stated at £103,000, with assets of anly 
£17,000. { 

The Scottish Pneumatic Tyre Company, having met with great 
success the past season, are proposing to apply their tyre to children’s 
carriages. : 

We expected it. An American company has been formed to make 
rims of paper. We should have thought that the wooden rims had 
proved that there is nothing like steel for cycle rims. 

We recently commented favourably on the ‘‘ Davies” chain bands 
for cycles made by Messrs. Isaiah Lees & Sons, of Dukinfield: We 
hear that these bands are largely taking the place of gear ‘cases, arid that 
Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, are now stocking same at their 


depots, 


a 


=— 


an 


Sy ee ee ee ee ee 








is] 


The Cycle Manufacturer, of the 3rd ult., contained a portrait of 
Mr. James A. Jackson, the London City manager for Bradbury & Co., 
Limited. Mr. Jackson, we are told, has been with the company 
fourteen years, is a Yorkshireman by birth, genial, was the 1894 presi- 
dent of the H.T.P.A., finds the cycle trade “most interesting,” and 
is an ‘‘ enthusiastic cyclist.” 

The trade in cycles is beginning to slacken off, and the season is 
nearly at an end. Speaking generally, it has been an exceedingly good 
year for trade, although prices have been more “cut” than formerly 
Messrs. Bradbury & Co. have done much more business this year than 
last, and it would now seem that they are well on the road to success 
in cycle manufacture. The White Company have also had a good year. 

By the way, the White Sewing Machine Company, of Clevelana, 
Ohio, intend to join the ranks of the American cycle manufacturers. 
They are not, however, entirely strangers to the trade, as they have for 
some time past made parts for other manufacturers. By next season 
they hope to beable to supply a large number of complete machines. 

The Davis Sewing Machine Company, who only started a cycle 
department the present season, report that their sales have exceeded 
their most sanguine expectations. Whether or not they will attempt 
to do a trade in cycles in this country we cannot at present say, 
but thus far they have sold all they could make at home, which would 
seem to imply that they will not for the present trouble about the 
English market. The cycle depaytment, we might explain, does not in 
any way reduce the output of the ‘“‘ Vertical Feed” sewing machines. 


HISTORY OF THE MODERN CYCLE. 

Last month a presentation was made to Mr. H. J. 
Lawson in recognition of his early invention in connec- 
tion with the cycle. The Cyc/s-—no mean auth ority— 
considers that the Press are in error in attributing to 
Mr. Lawson the credit of inventing the modern safety, as 
that belongs alone to Mr. J. K. Starley. In the course 
of its remarks, our contemporary calls attention to the 
history of the velocipede as follows :—In the first place, 
we would premise that the use of the chain in driving 
velocipedes, which is one of the salient features of the 
machine of to-day, dates from no less a date than April 
7th, 1845, when a tricycle was patented by one Thomas 
Metcalf, in which rotary pedal action and a chain-driving 
gear was mentioned. The chain was also employed by 
Newton Wilson, in the propulsion of a bicycle patented 
by him on April 23rd, 1869, and on June 18th of the 
same year a patent was taken out by Thomas Bourne, 
which gave us the first rear-driving bicycle with 
independent front-steering. These facts show that 
both the use of the chain and driving from the 
tear wheel with independent steering, which are the 
main points in the modern safety, have all been known 
in the very earliest days of the sport. As the use of the 
bicycle in its earlier form progressed, however, these 
early inventions were largely forgotten, many of them 
not travelling beyond the confines of the Patent Office, 








and the bicycle of the period having grown in height 


until it became dangerous, at any rate in the eyes of 
non-riders, various attempts were made at one time or 
another to provide a machine in which this element of 
danger should be removed, and it isin this connection that 
we first hear of Mr. Lawson, who, on June 27th, 1876, 
patented a bicycle with a rear-driving wheel and an 
independent steerer in front. The driving wheel on this 
machine was large, so in. and upwards, and the steering 
wheel so small as 20 in., or thereabouts. It was driven 
by means of bell crank levers, and was taken up on 
royalty by Messrs. Singer & Co. in the early days of 
their history. This machine was the first in which a 
special point of safety was made, and the full credit of 
the invention is due to Mr. Lawson, for this machine 
was not only patented, but in addition to being largely 
made by Messrs. Singer, was manufactured also by Mr. 
Lawson himself in his works at Brighton. It is also 
worthy of note that in the following year, namely, on 
March ioth, 1877, Mr. Lawson applied for a patent 
improving this machine, amongst other respects, by 
substituting a rotary motion for the lever arrangement 
at first provided, thus combining in the one machine the 
three salient points in the safety of to-day, a combination 
which had, so far as we are aware, not been previously 
made. It must not, however, be understood that the 
safety of ’77 and the safety of to-day were identical, for 
the large driver and small steerer remained, and the 
machine was heavy, and, on account of this difference 
in size of wheels cumbersome. About this time also, 
although we do not know that Mr. Lawson applied for a 
patent on the subject, he modified the construction 
of this original safety in such a way as to enable 
it to be used by a lady, who sat over the steering 
wheel, which was small enough to permit of this being 
done, and steered py means of side handles brought 


6 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


SEPT. 2, 1895. 


round from behind in acurve. This was one of the first 
popular attempts to build a bicycle specially designed for 
use by the fair sex. Doubtless for the reasons already 
mentioned, the machines, however, did not prove sufh- 
ciently successful commercially for their manufacture to 
be continued, and after a couple of seasons or so they 
dropped out of sight. Subsequently, on Sept. 30th, 1879, 


| Mr. Lawson applied for a patent upon another machine, 


embodying the same salient features, but more nearly 
approaching in design the machine of to-day. This was 
known as the “ Bicyclette,” and nicknamed amongst the 
trade the “ crocodile,” on account of its length, for there 
was a great. deal more distance between the wheels than 
in the safety of to-dav, whilst Mr. Lawson reversed the 
relative proportion in the size of the wheels by using a 
large steering wheel and a very small driver geared up. 
This machine had a vertical steering fork and connecting 
rods to a steering post carried 18 in. tothe rear. Several 
machines were built, and it was placed on the market bythe 
Rudge Cycle Company, of which firm Mr. Lawson was 
at that time manager. Commercially, however, it was 
a failure, and nothing was done with it. Then came the 
introduction of the ‘‘ Facile’’ and the “ Kangaroo,” 
popularising the use of small geared up wheels, and at 
the close of 1884 Mr. J. K. Starley designed and placed 
on the market the original ‘‘ Rover.’’ This in its first 
form was somewhat cumbersome, the steering wheel was 
several inches larger than the driver, and was seated 
in a vertical fork and connected by rods with the 
steering handle proper. This, however, attracted 
little more than passing attention on account of 
its size, and a slight awkwardness in the steering. 
About the same time several other firms placed on 
the market rear-driving bicycles, in which, however, 
very small steering wheels were used, notably Messrs. 
Thomas Timberlake & Co., of Maidenhead, Humber & 
Co., of Beeston, Marriott & Cooper, of London, and H. 
J. Pausey, of Clapham, all of which attracted no more 
attention than did the first ‘‘ Rover,’’ because with the 
small-steering wheel the steering was extremely tricky. 
About the same time Mr. Lawson, although he did not | 
patent it, once more gave his attention to a safety of the 
rear-driving type, with the especial object of suiting it 
for the use of ladies. He constructed his machine, like 
most of the other firms, with a very small front-steering 
wheel, and by the use of a simple loop frame, formed of a 
single tube, connected this with the rear-driver, and he 
steered by means of a direct fork with a sloping steering 
post, the other machines above mentioned being either 
steered by connecting rods, or having the forks and 
steering post bent at a considerable angle to eacn other. 
This machine also was placed upon the market, but with 
no very great amount of success, possibly because the 
female mind was scarcely educatedjup at that time to riding 
awheel. In April,1885, however, the idea occurred to Mr. 
J.K. Starley to substitute a direct sloping steering post for 
the vertical fork and connecting-rods in the ‘ Rover,” 
and we may mention that before experimenting with a 
machine on these lines he discussed the matter with us 
as to the probability of its proving successful. The out- 
come was the first successful rear-driver. This first 
experimental machine was placed in our hands for trial 
and experiment, and Mr. S. Golder, who was at that time 
a member of our staff, rode the machine a great deal, and 
demonstrated in his own riding, as compared with our- 
selves and other riders whose comparative form was 
known, that it was decidedly a fast design. Up to this 
point rear-drivers had, as we have above said, attracted 
but little notice. Then, however, Mr. Starley’s firm, 
having a good thing, inaugurated the now historic road 
race, in which all records from fifty to one hundred miles 
were beaten, and from that date and that machine the 
active history of the present day cycle begins. It will 
thus be seen that to Mr. Lawson is due the credit of 
specially designing a safety machine, of first specially 
designing machines for ladies’ use, and of combining in 
one machine the principles of rear-driving, independent 
steering, and rotary motion with a chain, and also of intro- 
ducing the direct sloping steering post. The credit, how- 
ever, of combining this latter feature with the other three 
in such a way as to make a practical machine of it, in other 
words, of designing and introducing the machine of 
to-day, is undoubtedly due to Mr. J. K. Starley and to no 
one else, 


SEPT. 2, 1895. 





PATENTS. 
APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


13,552. W. Harrison and C. W. Harrison, for improvements 
in, or relating to, knitting machines. 

13,580. J. Y. Johnson, a communication from The Phila- 
delphia Barring Machine Co., of United States, for improvements 
in sewing machines. 

13,782. A.J. M. Hurdle, for an improvement in children’s 
mail carts and the like. 

13,883. E. W. Frankenburg, for improvements in the means 
for sewing together fabric and braid or the like. 

13,916. C. A. Boulter, 74, St. John’s Lane, Clerkenwell, 
London, for a baby carriage with two bodies, one body above the 
other. 


14,084. EF. A. Pilkington, improvements in sewing machines. 

14,096. B. Alderton, for a compact folding mail cart. 

14,223. J. W. U. and J. R. U. Morton, for improvements in 
sewing machines. 

14,520. KR. Potter, for improvements in overlock sewing 
machines. 

15,015. C. N. L. Lotinga and T. Metealf, for a combined 


baly carriage and mail carts. 
UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
ISSUED AND DATED JULY 16th, 1895. 

542,653. W.H. Pepperand A. T. L. Davis, Lake Village. 
Straight knitting machine. 

542,330. J. M. Merrow, Mansfield, Conn. Work feeding 
mechanism for crocheting or overedge sewing machines. 

542,858. F. Koschtial, Hoboken, N.J. Guiding attachment for 
sewing machine. 


IssuED AND DATED JULY 22rd, 1895. 


543,068. J. Vannette Tiffin, Ohio. Feeding mechanism for 
sewing machines. 

543,295. E. Cornely and R. Cornely, Paris, France. Overedge 
sewing machines. 

543,335. E. and R."Cornely, Paris, France. Overedge sewing 
machines. 


543,431. A. G. Taylor, Peterborough, N.H. Groove-cutting 
attachment for sewing machines. 
IssUED AND DATED JULY 30th, 1395. 
543,507. D. Richards, London, England. Sewing machine. 
543,604. J. B. M. Segelhorst, Frankfort-on-the-Maine, 
Germany. Sewing machine. 


543,795. S. Arnold, Brooklyn, N.Y. Machine for sewing 
looped fabrics. 
543,832. G. KE. Kott, Chemnitz, Germany. Sewing machine’ 
ISSUED AND DATED AuGuST 6th, 1895. 
543,347. H. Case, Gloversville, N.Y. Trimming attach- 
ment for sewing machines. 
544,199. H. M. Morris, Philadelphia, Pa. Grinding and 


polishing attachment for sewing machines. 


ST. GEORGES ENGINEERING COMPANY v. 
KENT. 
INTERESTING TRADE NAME CASE. 


Commencing on August 2nd, and lasting four days, there was tried 
by Mr. Justice Romer, at the High Court of Justice, an action by the St. 
George's Engineering Company, of Birmingham, in which it was sought 
to restrain Mr. S. J. Kent from carrying on business in Upper Street, 
Islington, N., as the St. George’s Cycle Company, and from using the 
name ‘Royal George” as applied to cycles. The action being 
unusually lengthy we cannot possibly do more than give an ou'line of 





_ the proceedings. 


The case was opened by Mr. Bousfield, Q.C. (with whom was Mr, 
Sebastian), who stated that the plaintiffs’ machines were called in the 
market St. George’s cycles, and defendant’s machines were also being 
sold in some cases as St. George’s cycles. It was with the confusion 
that arose from that system of nomenclature that this action dealt. 
The plaintiffs had been trading under their present style since the year 
1882. Before that {ime their predecessors in title were trading as the 
St. George’s Foundry Company, in Birmingham, their business being 
a general one, but by the year 1882 it had become chiefly a sewing 
machine business. In 1882 they took out the style St. George's Engi- 
neering Company. In 1884 a Mr. Palmer became the works manager 
of the cycle department of this business, which was then the property 
of Mr. Cornforth, and under Mr. Palmer the cycle business developed 
so rapidly that in 1886 the manufacture of anything but cycle and 
cycle accessories was entirely given up. In 1887, Mr. Cornforth died, 
and Mr. Palmer carried on the business for his widow, until he pur- 
chased it in 1890, and in 1894 it was converted into a limited com- 
pany. The growth of the business was very important. In 1886 the 
amount of business done in cycles only was £8,000, and in 1891 it 
amounted to a sum of £44,000. Evidence would be given that the St. 
George’s Engineering Company had a very great reputation in cycles, 
a reputation which had been built up at very great expense, some 
41,000 or £2,000 a year having been expended in advertising. A 
curious point in the case was that in 1885 the plaintiffs used to call 
their cycles St. George’s cycles, but for some years past they had been 
struggling against their machines being so called, but unfortunately 
the name was the public name for them, and the public insisted on the 
name. Some few years ago the plaintiffs tried to introduce the term 
“ New Rapid,” but the public were against them, as in the case of 
Messrs. Singer’s sewing machines. The predecessor of the defendant 
was a Mr. Baron, who started business in 1890 in Upper Street, 
Islington. The plaintiffs’ attention was directed to that soon after- 
wards, and as the result of inquiries they came to the conclusion that 
Mr. Baron, having regard to his previous commercial ventures, 
was not worth powder and shot, and they therefore would not 
take proceedings against him, especially as at that time he was 
only dealing in cycle accessories. The plaintiffs heard 


nothing more of Mr. Baron until 1894, when the business had 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 27 





been transferred to the present defendant, Mr. Kent. In 1894 the 
plaintiffs had notice that the defendant proposed to register a trade 
mark applied to cycles with the device ‘St. George and the 
Dragon,” and the words ‘‘ Royal George Cycle, manufuctured 
by the St. George’s Cycle Company.” The plaintiffs at once entered 
a notice of opposition to the registration of the trade mark, and that 
opposition stood over until after the hearing of this action. The 
defendant had previously registered another mark, but immediately 
the plaintiffs heard of the application to register the ‘‘ Royal George”’ 
they moved to expunge it. The plaintiffs would rely upon the obvious 
similarity of the two names, and the obvious deduction from that 
similarity that there would be caused a great deal of confusion in the 
cycling word between the name of an old-established firm like the St. 
George’s Engineering Company, dealing only in cycles, and a new firm 
trading under the name of the St. George’s Cycle Company. He 
should not have to. rely upon that, however, because as a matter of 
fact confusion had arisen. Theson of Mr. Baron, who acted as clerk 
while his father had the business, would prove that many scores of 
letters came to Upper Street, and were opened by him, addressed to 
the St. George’s Engineering Company. The plaintiffs, too, had had a 
great many letters addressed to them under the term of the St. George's 
Cycle Company, and advertisements would show that the plaintiff,’ 
cycles were known as St. George’s, Another class of evidence 
would be that of people who had bought in the market cycles under 
the name ‘‘ St. George,” under the impression that they were getting 
the plaintiffs’ cycles, and very curiously everyone of those machines 
had broken down and failed. Therefore the defendant was not 
merely taking the plaintiffs’ trade but destroying their reputation. 

Counsel then called sixteen witnesses in support of his opening 
statement. } 

At the close of the plaintiffs’ evidence, Mr. Justice Romer said the 
plaintiffs’ case was that it was the name of the company under which 
the defendant was dealing which was calculated to deceive. To succeed 
the plaintiffs must establish fraud, or what would be fraud if it were 
continued. 

Mr. Sebastian said that on the authority of the Singer case in the 
House of Lords, fraud was not necessary. : 

Mr. Justice Romer referred to the terms of the plaintiffs’ case, and 
said it was fraud or nothing. 

Mr. Bousfield, Q.C., said the plaintiffs’ case was that clearly there 
was fraud after it was brought to the kncwledge of the defendant that 
there was confusion. 

Mr. Justice Romer said that he should hear the evidence for the 
defendant, but he wanted to know how the plaintiffs put their case. If 
the plaintiffs could not make out a case of fraud, he would like to 
know on what ground they could succeed. 

Mr. Sebastian said the plaintiffs were entitled to succeed on the 
ground that the defendant was carrying on business under a name 
calculated to deceive, and which did deceive. 

Mr. Justice Romer wanted to know when the fraud commenced, 

Mr. Sebastian said it commenced in the time ef Biron. 

Mr. Murphy said that before he opened the defence he should want 
to know exactly the case he had to meet. 

Mr. Justice Romer said he was not quite clear on that point, except 
that the plaintiffs said that generally there was fraud, and that they 
were als» entitled to succeed on another principle. 

Mr. Murphy said his impression was that the plaintiffs were a1xious 
to suggest fraud without charging it. 

Mr. Bousfield said he thought he opened a case of fraud, and if that 
had not been distinctly understood, he said now that the defendant 
had been engaged, and was now engaged, in a fraud. 

Mr. Justice Romer: What is the fraud ? 

Mr. Bousfield: That he, well knowing that the name of St. George 
was connected with the plaintiff company, and with its cycles, had 
been trading under that name, and selling cycles under that name, 
knowing perfectly well that he was trading upon the reputation of the 
plaintiffs’ name, and not upon his own. 

Mr. Tustice Romer asked again what was the principle upon which 
the plaintiffs were entitled to succeed if there was no fraud. 

Counsel desired an opportunity of considering this point, and the 
Court then adjourned. 

On the third day of the hearing, Mr. Murphy, Q.C. (with whom was 
Mr. Birrell, Q.C , Mr. G. N. Marcy Davis, and Mr. Israel), in opening 
the defence, said the defendant was a young man, who started in this 
business with perfect bona fides and had since continued it. He gave 
every possible publicity of what he was doing to the plaintiff, and had 
exhibited side by side with the plaintiffs in 1890, 1891, 1892, 1893, and 
1894. Under these circumstances the defendant's case was that he 
honestly acquiied the use of the name of the St. George’s Cycle Com- 
pany, and was entitled to use it just as much as the plaintiffs were 
entitled to use their name. When he received a letter from the plaintiffs 
summoning him to give up the name he asked for particulars of the 
fraud, but none were given. and this action was brought. He (Mr. 
Murphy) was going to ask the Court to say there was nothing in this 
case, and that the truth was that it was an attempt by the plaintiffs, who 
had surrendered the use of the name St. George, to prevent 
the defendant from using a name he was free to take and registering 
it as trademark. In truth, the action was brought for the 
purpose of advertising the plaintiffs’ business at the expense of the 
defendants, and to injure the defendant’s business by bringing forward 
every person who had a complaint to make about the defendant's 
machines. The Court would be asked to say that the case for the 
plaintiffs had been disproved, and that they had not from 1887 any- 
thing like the exclusive use of the name St. George in connection with 
their machines. It was true that in 1885 the name St. George appeared 
as one of the plaintiffs’ cycles, but that was a tender, the manufacture 
of which was then discontinued and was absolutely inconsistent with 
the idea that all the plaintiffs’ cycles were known by that name. In 
1887, the plaintiffs ostentatiously abandoned the use of the name St- 
George as designating their machines, and registered the term ‘“ New 
Rapid,” and from their catalogues and business documents the name 
St. George disappeared. The plaintiffs had not called a single traveller, 
but had for their own purposes carefully selected eight agents, four 
employes of the company, two newspaper editors with whom the 
plaintiffs advertised largely, and gentlemen who spoke of the defendant’s 
machines breaking down. The idea that the plaintiffs had spent 
hundreds and thousands of pounds in advertising the term 


28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


pee? 


SEPT, 2, 1895, 


5 ES 


New Rapid, but the wicked public would force the name 
St.. George on them, was, ludicrous in face of the fact that it 
was now admitted that no orders for St. George’s machines could be 
produced. He submitted that the plaintiffs had known of the exist- 
ence of the St. George’s Cycle Company since 1890, and that it was 
not, until 1893 when it was sought to register “Impetus” as a trade 
mark with St. George and the Dragon, that the plaintiffs chose to wake 
up. What property, he asked, had the plaintiffs in the name St. 
George that disentitled other people to use it. If they had used it as 
a trade mark, and the public had got to know their machines by the 
name St. George, he would not have a word to say; but the 
plaintiffs had practically told the public they did not call their machines 
St. George’s, but New Rapids. Dealing with the allegation of fraud, 
the learned counsel said that the case had closed as against Mr. Baron 
without any evidence of fraud. Mr. Baron’s son had said that letters 
came addressed to the St. George’s Engineering Company, and were 
dealt with by him. But was the defendant to be damnified because the 
son of a man with whom he had a disagreeable lawsuit came to assist Mr. 
Palmer by evidence of that sort’? He claimed on behalf of the defendant 
that such evidence should be disregarded. With regard to Mr. Whymper, 
that gentleman had made an unfounded claim for £20, for which he 
brought no action, but stuck to the samples. With reference to the 
point that the defendant had continued to carry on business after the 
notice from the plaintiffs, the learned counsel said of course he did, 
because he challenged the plaintiffs’ right to prevent him, and asserted 
a legal right. to do everything he did. It did not follow that because 
stupid people put wrong addresses that there was confusion with which 
the Court would interfere, and he might mention that the defendant 
had also been a sufferer. The question was, had the defendant started 
in business honestly to make a living for himself, or had he done it with 
a view of cheating the plaintiffs and trading on their reputation ?, Not 
one farthing of damage to the plaintiffs had been proved, and he sub- 
mitted the defendant ought not to be restrained from carrying on his 
own business. a 

Mr. S. J. Kent, the defendant, was then called, and gaye 
evidence as to his acquiring the business and_ advertising as 


the St. George's. Cycle Company. He first heard of the 
St. George’s Engineering Company in. September, 1891. 
Letters had. come to. him.-addressed :to the St. ..George's 


Engineering Company, but from the contents of the letters he was able 
to see that the letters were intended for him. He never executed any 
order which he believed was intended for the plaintiff company. 
Except in Court he had never heard persons in the trade call the 
plaintiffs’ machines St, George’s, Mr. Whymper might have mentioned 
the similarity between the two names, but he denied haying said it was 
so much the better. Mr. Baron applied to register the word “ Impetus” 
and St. George and the Dragon, but did not complete the registration, 
and witness made a fresh application for registration. In 1893 he 
applied to register the words “ Royal George,” which the plaintiff 
company opposed. 

Cross-examined: When he took over Baron’s business there was 
business of a class done there. When he signed the agreement with 
Mr. Baron, he knew there was a firm of cycle makers known as the 
St. George’s Engineering Company. At the Stanley Show he did not 
remember anyone asking if the St. George’s Cycle Company sold New 
Rapids, or if they had any connection with the St. George’s Engineering 
Company. He did not hear people say, referring to the St. George’s 
Cycle Company, ‘“‘ Oh, this is the Birmingham Company.” He nad 
heard the St. George’s Engineering Company spoken of as the St. 
George’s Cycle Company, but he did not think that putting St. George's 
Cycle Company on the stand would induce people to think they 
were the plaintiff company. He was not told that if he registered his 
trade mark with the words St. George’s Cycle Company on it he would 
get into difficulties with the St. George’s Engineering Company. His 
contention was that he had a perfect right to use the name St. George, 
he having built up a business, and the name having become valuable to 
him. Up tothe end of 1893 his machines were advertised under the 
name “Impetus.” ‘Royal George” was adopted in 1894, and 
“Impetus” omitted, the former being a better name. 

Some twenty witnesses having been called for the defence, Mr. 
Birrell submitted that the plaintiff had not made out his case, and that 
there was no evidence to show that Mr. Kent was guilty in the slightest 
degree of anything which could possibly be called fraud. The most 
that was brought home to his mind was that there was a company ar 
Birmingham manufacturing a cycle called the New Rapid; there 
was nothing to bring home to him the least knowledge 
of any reputation acquired in the trade by the New 
Rapids under the name of St. George. Mr. Bousfield cross- 
examined Mr. Kent, but nothing came of it, and there was 
nothing to show that there was anything dishcnourable or that the 
name was adopted with a view of passing off his goods as the goods 
of the plaintifts’ company. There was not the faintest pretence of any 
confusion in the machines themszlves, either in the trade mark or the 
get up or make, or in the note paper of the firm, or other surrounding 
circumstances to which judges in cases of this kind attached so much 
importance as evidence of traud. The plaintiffs’ case \vas that their 
machines were not only known as New Rapids but as St. George's. 
Why, the plaintiffs’ club was called the New Rapid! Who are the 
defendants deceiving? They were not deceiving experts, they were not 
deceiving manufacturers, they were not deceiving agents, and there was 
no evidence whatever that they were deceiving the public. In 1890 
Mr. Palmer went to the cycle stall of Mr. Baron’s frm, and had that 
amusing conversation with the ‘‘ youthful representative.’ He 
handled a machine there and discussed the machine, and was told that 
it was better than the New Rapid. That wasan element of the case 
which the Court would not overlook. The evidence of persons con- 
nected with the trade was of very great importance indeed, and these 
persons said that the plaintiffs’ machines were not known by the name 
St. George’s. 
pg. Continuing, Mr. Birrell said in ‘the first place that the evidence of 
fraud broke down, and in the second place, that Mr, Kent never knew 
the plaintiffs’ machines as St. George’s, and, therefore, had no 
object or motive whatsoever in carrying on business under a name 
which only did him harm, unless the New Rapids were known as St. 
George’s. Then he submitted that the plaintiffs had not made out 


their case that their machines were known as St. George’s, and inas- 
much as the relief they sought was to restrain the defendant by 
injunction from carrying on business under the name of St, George’s 
Cycle Company, because it led to deception, their whole case was based 
on their making out that their machines were known as St. George’s. 
It was a strong thing to assert that, because the plaintiffs carried on 
business under the name of St. George, nobody else could use that 
name in a different connection. There was no more connection 
between Royal and St. George than there was between Great George 
and Royal George ; and to say that St. George was specially connected 
with the plaintiffs’ company, of Birmingham, was to carry the aSsocia- 
tion of ideas to a perfectly ridiculous extreme. ; 
Mr. Justice Romer, in delivering judgment, said: In my opinion 
the plaintiffs’ case fails. As the result of the evidence, I have come to 
the conclusion that the defendant in carrying on and continuing his 
business as he has been and is doing has not been guilty of any fraud 
or of any wrong doing as against the plaintiffs in respect to which they 
are entitled to an injunction against him. The plaintiff company, no 
doubt, is well known as a2 large Birmingham manufactory of cycles, and 
I also think that occasionally, no doubt, their customers, or persons in 
speaking of or addressing him, for short call them St. George’s or 
St. George’s Company. But, as the result of the evidence as a whole, 
I am satisfied that their machines are not generally known 
as St. George’s, but are known as Rapids, or New Rapids. 
Years ago, apparently, they had other names to describe their cycles, 
and amongst those names was the term St. George, but they long ago 
ceased to use those names as the names of their cycles, and in parti- 
cular long ago ceased to use the name St. ‘George, and I am satisfied 
that St. George never did become associated in the eyes of the public 
with their cycles. For many years now past the plaintiff company 
have widely advertised their cycles as Rapids, as New Rapids, and 
the old names have been intentionally and thoroughly dropped out ; 
and I am satisfied—taking and speaking of the evidence as a whole— 
that though occasionally some persons who know them ‘well may use 
the term St. George as designating the manufacture of * théir 
cycles, or in connectiun with their ‘cycles, ‘yet speaking as 
regard to public uses and public knowledge, on the ’ evi- 
dence, I am satisfied that the term St. George does not designate 
their cycles, but. that. the plaintiffs’ cycles are known by. the 
name of New Rapids or Rapids, and by that name substantially 
speaking, only. The plaintiffs’ trade mark has nothing whatever to do 
with the word St. George. It is before me, and I see it is in the 
shape of a Mercury riding on a cycle and bearing another cycle on his 
shoulders, and the only words forming part of the trade mark are the 
words, ‘‘ New Rapid—true tangent wheel.’’ Now that is the position 
of the plaintiff company and their trade. I will now proceed to state 
shortly the position of the defendant in reference to this action. Some 
time in the year 1889 Mr. Baron commencec. carrying on business 
under the name of the St. George’s Cycle Company, at Upper Street, 
Islington. The circumstances under which he adopted that name have 
been explained in the evidence before me, and I do not come 
to the conclusion that he started using that name fraudulently, 
or with any object of being confounded with the plaintiff 
company, or to pass off his goods as the plaintiffs’ goods. 
The defendant bought Mr. Baron's business in 1891, and since that 
time this business has been carried on under that name, and, as I 
believe, honestly anc with no intent to deceive. The business has been 
carried on openly under the name I have mentioned, and has been 
widely advertised, and moreover the defendant has exhibited his cycles 
under his trade name of the St. George’s Cycle Company at many 
shows, including the Stanley Show ; and now, apparently, the defendant 
is doing though not a large business yet a fairly good business. The 
circumstances under which the defendant’s trade name of “ Royal 
George,” as applied to these cycles, came to be adopted, and the 
circumstances under which the trade mark of the design of St. George 
and the Dragon has been registered by him as his trade mark,: have 
been given in evidence, and I see no reason to come to the conclusion 
that they have been adopted with any fraudulent or improper intent. 
Moreover, I am satished on the evidence before me, that the carrying 
on, by the defendant, of the vendor's business as a cycle 
manufacturer, under the name of the St. George's Cycle Company, 
has been known to the plaintiffs’ company for many years. . I was 
sorry to hear the evidence given by Mc. Palmer. His evidence was 
clearly not correct as to what took place at the Stanley Show of 1890, 
and I am satisfied that the plaintiffs’ company knew from at least the 
year 1890 (and possibly before) that the business of the defendant was 
being carried on under the name it bears, and that the plaintiffs’ com- 
pany did not think fit to take proceedings until the end of May, 1894. 
Under these circumstances, on what ground can I grant the plaintiffs 
the relief they claim? I see no sufficient ground. I can goso far as 
to say that I think occasionally some inconvenience may be caused by 
the two names both containing the word St. George, and both selling 
cycles. But that is not sufficient to enable the plaintiffs to stop the 
defendants from using the name which they have used in the way J 
have mentioned —the defendant and his predecessor since 1889. The 
names are not so identical as to be capable, in my opinion, of bein 
mistaken by any person of ordinary intelligence and exercising 


reasonable care. The St. George's Engineering Company, of 
Birmingham, cannot, except by a person who is stupid or 


ignorant, be confused with the St. George’s Cycle Company, of Upper 
Street, Islington. Nor do I see that the way in which the defendant’s 
goods are put upon the market, or the way in which they are described, 
or the way in which the defendant is carrying on business geuerally, 
are such that I could hold that the defendant is carrying on business in 
such a way as to lead people or the public to suppose that his business 
is the plaintiffs’ business, or that his machines are the St. George's 
Engineering Company’s machines.. Under these circumstances, the 
plaintiffs’ action fails, and must be dismissed, with costs. With regard 
to the application to remove the trade mark, “ Royal George,” from 
the Register of Trade Marks, it has been admitted by Mr. Bousfeld, 
who appears for the plaintiffs in this case, that that must fail if the 
action fails, and accordingly that motion also must be dismissed, with 
costs. BK 
At the conclusion of this judgment, there was some applause in 
Court, which was immediately suppressed. . 


t 





SEPT. 2, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 20 















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We hear on all hands that there has been a 
decided improvement in trade the past three 
months ; indeed, we really appear to have 
“turned the corner,” and it is certainly about time. 
Unfortunately there is at least one black cloud in an 
otherwise clear sky—we refer to the threatened strike 
in the shipbuilding and building trades. It is to be hoped 


The State 
of Trade. 


that these quarrels can be adjusted without resort to a | 


strike, with its dislocation of trade and the attendant 
hardships inflicted upon the families of the workmen. 


The Bankruptcy the report on bankruptcy, which will 
Returns. be found not a little interesting to 
every reader who gives a moment’s 

thought to this important question, 


have, perhaps, a particular bearing upon the domestic 
machinery trade. 


they find themselves successful in effecting sales, without 
pausing to reflect that, unless they possess the requisite 
capital, it isimpossible to buy goods on three months’ 
credit and yet give two years’ credit to their customers, 
Another cause of failure, says the Inspector-General, 
is ignorance of bookkeeping. We are trying to assist our 
readers on this important matter by the series of articles 
which Mr. Dobson is now contributing to our columns. 


paeoe scarce ot baniktoptcy 1s ohe prevalence of price | creased profit of the operation depends. 


; would buy high-priced ones in any event don’t count 


cutting among traders, and a remedy for this is difficult to 
determine. Some traders consider it better to sell at 
unremunerative prices rather than permit their com- 
petitors to take away their trade. When face to face with 
this problem, traders should consider whether it is not 
morehonourableto fail from an insufficiency of trade rather 
than from an insufficiency of profit. Failure in the latter 
Case, it is certain, is often attended not only with dis- 
appointment to the retailer, but also with ruia to the 
manufacturer with whose goods the reckless competition 
has been carried on. 








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(2) By sending fivepence each month for a copy, post 
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supply it for fourpence, but it should be ordered early in 
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e The Inspector- | 
eneral calls attention to the fact that one of the princi- } : A : 
pal causes of failure is the lack of adequate capital. He | to be used in that way—perhaps not. 
is, of course, speaking of trad i | en : y 

4 ass 2 e generally, but his remarks | such conditions that the dealer’s conscience is free 


It is surprising how many canvassers | : 
ee haces ines [| Operation. 
Tush into business on their own account merely because | 


| makes no profit. 
| people who would have bought the cheap ones (at the 


| customers bear to each other? 


| practice that might be successful in one locality in the 








THE CHEAP MA CHINE QUESTION. 


Our American cousins enjoyed for many years, owing 
perhaps to the import duties, perfect immunity from the 
cheap machine competition. Latterly, however, they have 
been very much troubled indeed on this point. Corre- 
spondence is now proceeding in the New York Sewimg 
Machine Times as to how to meet the competition, one 
of the latest letters being signed ‘“‘ John Thorn Allen,” 
whose remarks we reproduce hereunder :— 

The correspondent, Peck 88, who asks some advice, 
is evidently im earnest, as he repeats the request. Shall 
a dealer handle cheap machines by the side of the higher- 
priced, for the purpose of helping the sale of the latter ? 
—is one of his questions. 

He evidently does not contemplate any profit out of 
the cheap machines, but has in view their use as a foil— 
as a bluff, if you like. [I am not averse to discussing that 
theme. Yet, I might rather ask if there is not something 
in the idea that savours of charlatanism, something of the 


| dry goods deception order, in it ? Bargain counter tactics 


have never pervaded the sewing machine trade as a 
general custom. 

Is it policy, is it honourable, is it profitable, to use 
the Cheap Johns as a bait? Here is my view, which the 
inquiring correspondent may take as advice or simply as 
argument. 

It is just as fair and honourable to the customer as 
the exhibition of cheap and high-priced goods of other 
makes. All merchants who duly regard the interests of 
their customers consider it the proper thing to show, when 


i requested, a variety, and make known thereal advantages 


of the higher-priced. If the customers are not misled 


We give elsewhere a summary ot i as to the comparative merits, it must be of benefit rather 


than injury to them. But, as to the maker of the 


| machine—how does the dealer stand with him, and how 


with his own conscience, in regard to such treatment of 
the cheap machine? Perhaps it is a square deal, and 
the manufacturer may be willing to sell a few machines 
Tt all depends. I 


assume that the machines have been bought under 
and that he has only to consider the profit in the 


Now, how about this profit—will it be more or less 
than if he confined his trade to the higher-priced goods ? 
Let us see. He will seil a few of the cheap ones neces- 
sarily, though he may not wish to, but on them he 
He sells some high-priced machines to 


dry goods store) but for seeing both kinds together. 


| How many of this last-named class will largely settle the 


It is on them, mainly, that the in- 
Those who 


question at issue. 


in this discussion. They are neither more nor less. 


1 But there is still another class to consider—some who 


would have bought the high-priced will, seeing both 


| together and comparing them, buy the cheaper, and here 


is a loss. 
Now, what proportion do these several classes of 
Answer that question 
and I will tell you all the rest. Will the converts from 
cheap goods doctrines outnumber those who may change 
in the other direction ? 


Well, here again it depends. If the inquiring corre- 


| spondent sees the force of my argument he may be able 


to answer his own question. I think most dealers would 
answer concerning their own trade. All the conditions 
of a business must be considered. The dealer’s make-up 
and that of his customers must be considered. Put the 
two kinds of machines side by side and let the customers 
choose for themselves and you would find a great differ- 
ence between the choice of different localities. Just as 
much difference would be found in the way different 
dealers might show up and explain the machines. The 


hands of one dealer might be unsuccessful elsewhere, 

















— ea = ee 





























See ee ee 


Generally speaking, I wouid think that people of 
means and well-informed, would be likely to appreciate 
the superior qualities of the high-priced goods if 
properly explained. People of less means might not 
see as clearly. Our minds are given cast by our circum- 
stances, sometimes. 

But here is another consideration. 
attracted by novelty and like to experiment. Is it good 
policy fora merchant to invite experiment ? If his cus- 
tomers are known to be favourably disposed towards one 
make of machine, or other goods, is it judicious to show 
up a variety and run the risk of unsettling their minds ? 
This class of custom is not influenced by the comparative 
merits of the machine or by the dealer’s explanation. 
They simply try the cheap one because it comes to their 
notice. If they had not seen it they would not have 
thought of it. 

Leaving Peck 88 question, I will now make a few 
suggestions as to handling cheap machines in the 
legitiraate scope of merchandising. It seems to me that 
the cheap machine question for dealers to consider is as to 
what profit they can make out of them—whether by 
selling them at such profit as they will bear it will increase 
or decrease the whole profit of the business, whether 
selling them for a half-loaf profit is going to lessen the 
sale of the better goods? If the cheap machines are sold 
at a price that gives a fair profit, and the dealer gives 
them a chance, there is no doubt that in many localities 
they take some of the trade that otherwise would go to 
the higher-priced? Let us say, for argument, that the 
net profit on one is half what it is on the other ; can we 
make two extra sales of the cheap where we lose one of 
the other? I think this is the question that concerns 
dealers. 

It may be well for dealers who are troubled over cheap 
machine questions to realise the fact that the line between 
the two kinds is not as distinct as it was, nor is the dis- 
tance as great. There are all prices now from the lowest 
to the highest. A dealer may sella machine that is com- 
paratively cheap and vet be far from the cheapest. And 
there are customers, too, who want to buy medium priced 
goods, in all tines. 

I think it poor policy for a dealer to bend his energy 
to conquering competition. I believe in pushing on 
legitimate lines, tending to one’s own affairs, making a 
good profit on whatever is sold, selling as much as 
possible at a good profit and nothing else. Under this 
course one will usually outlive competition that could 
never be crushed out. If others entertain different views 
I would like to hear from them. 


Some people are 








BRITISH v. FOREIGN MANUFACTURE. 


Tt is generally considered in this country that the 
principal cause of the foreigner being able to produce 
articles of merchandise more cheaply than ourselves is 
due to the lower rate of wages combined with longer 
hours of Jabour. 

Tt would seem that this is not altogether accurate, 
judging from an inquiry which has recently taken 
place by a deputation which has visited the Centinent on 
behalf of the British Iron Trades Association. The 
deputation, which was a thoroughly practical one, con- 
sisting of employers’ and workmen’s representatives, 
has visited, within the last few weeks, some of the 
principal works in Germany and Belgium. What the 
British delegates saw and learnt abroad wasa revelation to 
them. The foreigners are, it seems, considerably ahead 
of us in machinery, while the workmen are better paid 
and better cared for. 

The official report has not yet been issued, but the 
following is an outline :— 

In the first part of this interesting story we find an 
account of a visit to a plate mill: “ In this mill the plates 
were rolled, stamped, and straightened by means of an 
arrangement of screws upon the floor. Take it 
on the whole, there is fifteen per cent. Jess waste on their 
plates than we allow in England.” In this mill the out- 
put is fifty-two tons per shift, which employs seventy-two 
men. In one branch three times more men were employed 
than would be employed on the same work in the North 
of England, and for loading plates the men were paid rf. 
per ton, as compared with 53d. and 7d. in the Middles- 
brough district, and a delegate states: ‘‘ There is no roller 


q in our district getting the output that these men are 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 





13 


LY 8 oy 

getting.” A very important pyayas_ elicited in the 
sheet trade, and that was that on their export trade there 
was a loss! The official told the deputation that “at 
the export price there was not a works in 
Belgium held its own or covered its dead cost.” At 
another large works, consisting of blast furnaces, steel 
works, engineering works, &c, it was found that 
they were using ore costing 1s. 9d. per ton at the 
mines—which is less than our royalty rent. This me 
contained thirty-eight per cent. of iron. In the blast- 
furnace department the highest wage paid to men was 
4 frances and 50 centimes per day, and women received 
2 francs. At each furnace twelve men and five women 
were employed charging and filling, the duty of the women 
being to fill coke and train it to the furnace. The average 
cost of labour was 2s. per ton of pig-iron, but this did not 
include extra labour, managers, foremen, &c., and the out- 
put per furnace was eighty tons per day. At these works 
all the engines of every description and every piece of 
machinery were made on the premises. At the second 
largest works in Germany the delegates found nine blast 
furnaces—two out of blast. They pay for ore from eight 
to nine marks per ton, delivered at the works. Within 
the area of the works are three collieries, so that the trans- 
port of coal takes place on their own lines. The coal is 
converted into coke in ovens of the Coppée type alongside 
the blast furnaces. 


A Worxkmin’s PARADISE. 


The firm has a savings bank for their workmen and give 
four per cent. interest on deposits. They have also hospitals 
and provision for old age. Someof the workmen have cows 
and fields and live ten miles from the works, travelling 
the distance by rail for a few marks per month. The 
firm employs 9,000 men, and the Government taxes and 
insurance funds for the workmen cost £40,000 per 
annum, or 5 per cent. on their capital. The Government 
will not allow boys under fourteen years of age to be 
employed, and practically no boys are employed. The 
output of the furnaces is 130 toms per day each, and at 
each furnace nineteen men are employed. Those who 
take the place of the regular men on Sundays are paid 
50 per cent. extra, and all workmen on high holidays get 
50 per cent. extra, The company own a large number of 
workmen’s dwellings. Twelve marks a month is the rent 
ot a house with four rooms and asmall garden. For 
single men the company provide a barracks, and charge 
1s. 6d. per month for the beds. After viewing this 
department one of the delegates said, “ We have nothing 
to fear. When we take the number of men in each 
department and the wages paid in the North of England, 
there is nothing to fear.” But if there is nothing to fear 
in the blast furnace department, we come badly out when 
the sheet-rolling mills are compared. After going through 
the sheet mill one of the delegates—an employer—said, 
WonpDERFUL Work. 


“ We were especially struck with the splendid finish of the 
sheets. ae As practical men we could not have 
believed in the possibility of rolling sheets so thin with 
so good a surface, and with practically no waste. We 
were more than surprised, both at the mode of working 
and at the sheets produced,and we could not have believed 
it possible for such splendid results with so little labour. 
It would be absolutely impossible to produce sheets in such 
a quantity and of such an appearance with the appliances 
we have at our disposal.” . . “As a practical man,” 
said another delegate, ‘‘[ must admit that I never saw 
anything like it, and could not have believed it possible 
unless [had seen it with my owneyes. Thereisa danger 
to the midland district, unless we can by some means 


BEAR THIS IN MIND! 

W. J, Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs, Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly finished sewing niachines, go 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 hours’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use. 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval.—W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, §,H.—Apyz, 














14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Our. 1, 1895. 





increase our output, develop our machinery, and bring our 
sheets to greater perfection.” Another delegate, a gentle- 
man connected with the best works in sheets in the 
midlands, said, ‘‘ The mode of procedure that is carried 
on there is so different from anything I have seen carried 
on in Staffordshire that it will revolutionise the whole 
mode of working the sheets : we shall have to begin and 
learn again.” 
HicgHER WAGES THAN IN ENGLAND. 


The output in the rail mills was 300 tons of rails per 
shift. The bloomers were paid 12 to 15 marks per shift, 
the roughing and others to to 12 marks per shift, 
furnacemen 7 to 9 marks, and no men about the mills or 
Bessemers at less than 5 marks, and the lowest labourer 
was paid from 3°75 to 4marks. An Englishman at the 
works, who had formerly been at Darlington and Mid- 
dlesbrough, told the delegates, ‘‘Undoubtedly our men 
are better off than the men in England. We pay, 
generaily speaking, higher wages. You have some few 
men who get higher wages than any men in our works, 
but over the whole of the men we pay higher wages than 
you pay. That is an absolute fact.’” Another interesting 
point was that the frm was paying £5 per annum per 
man employed per year in Government charges. And 
with regard to hours of labour the delegates were told 
that it is the custom throughout Germany for the men 
in all the works to work ten hours per day. 
They are on the works twelve hours, but after meal 
times are deducted they practically work ten hours per 
day. Another works visited employed 2,700 men. Ore 
of the delegates says in reference to these works :—“ I was 
astcunded. Mechanical figures in a miniature Bessemer 
plant could not have worked more systematically than 
these men do, and every man seemed to do his work with- 
out an effort. The appliances were so that they moved 
about like a set of figures, and every man knew his place. 
There was no crowding or hurrying, and in the mills I 
never saw work done like it in my life. At these 
works they neither spare money nor time. They have 
taken time to work out everything that was necessary to 
Improve the machinery, and they have spent money 
freely.” And with all this improved machinery the 
works are paying the best of any in Germany. For the 
last fifteen years they have paid 25 to 30per cent. At 
another works visited 25,300 men were employed by the 
firm. Schools are provided where girls are taught domestic 
economy, and impressed with the importance of being 
able to adapt their expenditure to their income. Six girls 
were found preparing statements showing how they would 
spend incomes ranging from 15s. to 30s. a week. 
Fine Houses at Low Rents. 

Witha view to prevent men from marrying at too early 
an age bachelors’ barracks are provided in which nearly 
every form of amusement can be enjoyed, and in which 
the men can live for about one-fourth of their income. 
The steel mill is described by the deputation as being ‘a 
great deal better than anything we have.” In the 
Bessemer department they also found a great improvement 
on anything we have in England. ‘The majority of 
houses occupied by the men are such as in England are 
occupied by managers of la-ge iron and steel works, and 
all the houses have gardens.” The delegates ‘‘ never see 
such houses in the manufacturing districts of Scotland or 
England.” The rent was fro per year ; for houses with 
six Or seven rooms it was £14to £15. Ten marksa year 
extra are paid for the gardens. The firm haye 3,800 
houses, and such is the demand for them that a man is 
not guaranteed one until he has been twelve years with 
the firm. Men incapacitated from work through sick- 
ness, old age, or accident are provided with a free house, 
and receive a pension from the Government as well as 
from the firm. Theconclusion arrived at by one of the 
delegates was that ‘the first consideration of the firm 
seems to be the health, happiness, and contentment of 
their workmen. The social and material conditions are 
about the best I have ever seen, and certainly go a great 


way to account for the contentment of the workers and 
the prosperity of the firm.” 


Se 
Gee ale Be TENDER) by Order of the Court, 
under Compulsory Dissolution of Partnership, DOMESTIC 
PC MUNERY See goodwill, stock, Sait hire accounts, 
a going concern. S.W. district, Surrey side.—F ti ) 
Official Receiver, Sewing Machine Chest Ofear eat 


THE MANIPULATION OF MACHINER Y. 


Writing under the above heading the Boot and Shoe 
Trades Jowrnal says :—‘‘ If there is one thing which is 
causing trouble amongst the users of machinery it is the 
question of suitable labour to operate and follow the 
machinery. It was generally thought by manufacturers 
that when they could introduce machinery into their 
factories without the permission or interference of the 
National Union all their troubles would be at an end, 
and that foreign competition would have to bend the knee 
to English produce. So far, however, this happy state of 
affairs has been more dreamed about than realised, and 
although there are plenty of firms whose equipment of 
machinery is perfect, few really know how to use it and 
get the best possible results from it. In the first place, 
much labour is unsuitable, and it has been stated 
times out cf number, and of late very disagree- 
ably emphasized in practice, that a goad shoemaker 
is not necessarily a good operator on a machine. When 
lasting and finishing machines began to be introduced into 
the factories the best workman, if he happened to be 
young, or not past middle age, was the selected operator, 
but the great knowledge of his trade has proved to be 
rather a hindrance than otherwise to his advancement, 
and disappointment bas invariably followed. This is easily 
explained. Having learned to do his work ina certain 
way, and being able to secure such proficiency as placed 
him above his fellows, he naturally concludes that his way 
is the only way, and attributes all the shortcomings of his 
work tothe machines, and not to his inability. Moreover, 
his ideas of capacity are regulated by his capacity as a hand- 
worker, and, honest though he may be in his ideas and 
endeavours, it is scarcely possible to hope that first-class 
hand-workers will ever excel as machinery operators. 
There are, and always will be, exceptions to any rule, but 
most manufacturers just now are experiencing the difh- 
culty wereferto. The mere task of buying machinery is 
easy enough considering the prices at which it is offered 
and the terms upon which a lot of it is sold, but between 
getting possession of a machine and working it successfully 
there is a vast and inconceivable difference. In fact, some 
houses have too much machinery, and cannot employ half 
of what they have got, for the simple reason that they 
concluded that its possession was all that was necessary, 
but have since found out that the procuring of efficient 
labour is a far more difficult matter. In America the best 
workers on machines are mechanics—men and youths from 
machine shops, who have more knowledge of machinery 
than boots and shoes, just the same as a latheman has more 
knowledge of his lathe and the shaft he is turning than 
he has about the construction of compound engines, and 
English boot manufacturerers will have to follow in the 
steps of America in this respect as they have done in the 
introduction of machinery into the manufacture of boots 
and shoes. Some have already adopted this course, and, 
except in isolated instances, the mechanics have proved 
to be better operatives than theshoemakers. Some time 
ago we suggested that the machinery houses should train 
the ‘help’ and send it out with the machinery. We 
repeat the suggestion now, as in addition to its being 
a guarantee to the success of their machinery, it 
might be used as a lever to advance the price of 
machinery from its present and disgracefully low level 
to a level whereby vendors could get a living, 
pay a dividend to shareholders, and be in a position 
to give the manufacturer more time and attention when 
setting up and starting new machinery. Weare convinced 
that machinery houses would find this system not only 
satisfactory to themselves and their customers, but would 
be profitable also, securing for the house that initiated it 
the preference when an order was to be given out. What 
manufacturer would not willingly pay more for his 
machinery if he could feel sure that he had no experi- 
mental work to do with it, run no risk of spoiled goods, 
and was assured that the machine would start 
running successfully as soon as it was put down? 
Besides all this, there is another side to the 
question which is rarely, if ever, touched upon, and 
frequently never thought about until the last, and that is 
the efficient supervision of the departments. Men whocan 
manage a department successfully on the old system are 
not necessarily as successful when all is changed from 
hand to machine labour. The most efficient overseer isa 
man who is not only good in securing respect and order, 








and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15% 


STANLEY SHOW, 1890. 


THE 


19th ANNUAL EXHIBITION 


Cycles, Cycle Accessories, 
Cycle-making Machinery, 
Photographic Appliances, 


AND 


SEWING MACHINES, 


WiLL BE HELD AT THE 


ROYAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, 


ISLINGTON, WNi., 
NOVEMBER 22np to 30rn, 1895, 

















Both Dates Inclusive. 


Acknowledged by the Press, Public, Agents, 
Buyers, and Cyclists as 


THE TRADE EXHIBITION, 


and promises this year to surpass all previous 


STANLEY SHOWS. 


The Committee have again set apart the 
EAST END of MAIN GALLERY specially 
for the Exhibition of 


SEWING MACHINES 


Applications for space, which is limited, should be made at once to 


Ee. A. LAMB, Secretary, 
57, Chancery Lane, W.C. 








Telegraphic Address—‘ INSUPPRESSIBLE, LONDON.” 








16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Oer 7 1,, 1895: 





but a man of administrative ability, understanding the 
operations of all the appliances and knows and can 
demonstrate the capacity of each. How many of such 
men have we who have had any special training in this 
important work ? The re-organisation of the factory 
usually devolves upon the principal, who having other 
responsibilities and other matters to attend to seldom 
does it well, or when once he gets his machine depart- 
ment started leaves it in the hands of some one inferior 
to himself, and ultimately the machinery is considered a 
failure, and no wonder. Closing without the aid of 
fitters is a thing well-known in the States, but where is it 
practical here, and where are the persons who know how 
it is done, and could start closing-rooms upon that 
principle, with every guarantee of success? Yet it must 
come, because by that process the cost of production is 
lowered. What English manufacturers ought to do would 
be to import a little American labour to train 
the labour in this country, and when they decide 
to introduce new systems depute the work to someone 
who thoroughly understands his business. It would not 
need a very great outlay were anumber of manufacturers 
in acentre to combine and engage the services of a man 
thoroughly versed in the practical details of manufactur- 


foremen in the use and manipulation of machinery, and 
in the organisation of labour. But the petty jealousy 
which, we regret to say, exists between rival manufac- 
turers is the obstacle to such a course. However, some- 


development of machinery must be slow, and be like the 
stuffed lion which did duty for a door-guard—an imposing 
but useless possession, or manufacturers must make up 
their minds to give way before American competition 
both in our home as well as our colonial markets,” 








COURTESY IN BUSINESS. 


Our excellent contemporary, the Drapers’ Record, 
has recently been writing on the above subject, and with 
most of its remarks we are thoroughly in accord. It is 
nothing short of monstrous the rebuffs which travellers 
having articles to sell often have to put up with from 
traders upon whom they happen to call. We recall an 
incident which clearly shows that this course of conduct 
does not pay in the long run. 
traveller from the Continent had a parcel of goods to sell 


at any price so long as the transaction could be com- | 
pleted immediately, and he asked our advice as to whom | 
We gave him a well-known name, | : i 

: ; : | saler to retailer. 
but he shook his head and said emphatically, “ No; I | made of countless other things, all deserving polite atten- 
| tion ; and we cannot but regard it as a great mistake 
| in policy when the opposite attitude is adopted. A 


é : ! principal, still less the representative of a departmen 
Our (Drapers’ Record) attention was more particularly | . ae i 3 2 


directed to this subject by the experiences, confided tous, | 


of a recent visitor to these shores, who came from the | remembered that courtesy in business is desirable in the 


Antipodes on business bent. Taken as a whole, he thought | 
well of our commercial community, and especially, weare | the many, not the privilege of the few. 
pleased to relate, of the representatives of the dry goods | ; 


he should visit first. 


have a splendid bargain to offer, but that firm shall not 
have it because of the way they have previously 
treated me.” 


trade. He was generally received with courtesy, even 


though his sole business was not that of buying. But | 
there were a few exceptions upon which he would ex. | 


patiate with much good-humoured sense of the ridiculous. 
One case will probably awaken recollections in the minds 
of a good many of ourreaders. The visitor wished to do 
business with a certain firm, and, eatering the house, 
asked for the principal. An employé indicated him in a 


liberty he was taking and the risk he was running. 
When within a few yards of the person he sought he was 
intercepted by another emloyé, who anxiously inquired 


he sent his name and credentials 
be allowed to do so. 
unaccustomed to this kind of treatment, and was, more- 
Over, animated with a true colonial intrepidity in the 
matter of etiquette. So he walked past his interlocutor 
skilfully avoided another would-be buffer, and the next 
moment was adiressing quite familiarly the Personage 
himself, while all the adjacent employés looked as though 


momentarily the heavens might fall. The Personae 
c=} 


appeared perfectly amazed at the interruption, and accorded 


| other respect. 


} Business 


| these shares are returned as of no value. 
| the syndicate is attributed by the secretary to its inability 





his would-be interrogator a cold stare, and a curt request 
to be addressed in writing. Thus ended the interview, the 
humour of which everyone, except perhaps the Elect 
themselves, will recognise. As the rebuffed visitor said, 
with a twinkle in his eye, ‘J read the other day that 
even the greatest of Chinese mandarins must fall prostrate 
at the mere sight of the Emperor’s umbrella, even when 
it is shut ; but I did not expect to find almost a similar 
state of affairs in a London warehouse.” 

We mention this diverting incident because it pointsthe 
moral of this article. Courtesy in business is one of the last 
things thatshould be more honoured in the breachthan the 
observance. And we do not suggest that, speaking gene- 
rally, it is so honoured among business men in the City. 
But there are unquestionably one or two conspicuous ex- 


! ceptions to the general rule, and we wish they were fewer. 
| Curiously enough, the persons most guilty of “ putting on 


side” in their relations with their commercial environ- 
ment are generally totally undistinguished in every 
They have done nothing to create the 
business from which they reap the profit; in truth, 
were they obliged to go out into the world to earn 


} their own living, they would probably find their services 
| valued at not more than a pound a week. Yet, 
ing by machinery, who could undertake to instruct their | 


when wrapped in a sense of their own importance, 
Cannon Street itself is hardly big enough for them. 
Demeanour of this sort is altogether out of place in the 
City. Pomposity and stand-offishness are but poor sub- 


| stitutes for dignity at the best ; and even the latter 
thing wiil have to be done in this direction or the | 


quality is but ill-suited to the requirements of modern 
business life. It shoula not be forgotten that persons 
desiring to sell deserve as much consideration as those 
intending to buy ; for the one process is the natural 
complement of the other. And it is generally to be 


} noticed that those whoare most haughty with sellers are 


the most slavishly adulatory with buyers. We 
venture to suggest that such behaviour is a mistake. 
has endless ramifications, and in the 


multifarious inter-relations of those engaged in 


| it, courtesy is the great lubricating element, the use 
j of which should be universal. 
f not come to buy, he does not necessarily come to 
| beg. The proposal he has to make may be primarily 
| intended toserve his own purposes ;-but what business 
| man goes about on any other errand? The buyer of big 
| parcels has that end in view, as assuredly has the 


Some months ago a | obsequious principal, who isthe customer’s most obedient 


Because a man does 


to command. And it is a serious blunder to assume 
that no transaction deserves courteous consideration 
that does not take the form of a sale from whole- 
The life of a great business house is 


ought not to shroud himself in an atmosphere of chilling 
exclusiveness to everybody except buyers. It should be 


relations of all engaged in it. Politeness is the right of 





THE COMBINATION SEWING MACHINE 
SYNDICATE. 3 
Under the failure of the Combination Lock and Chain 





{| Stitch Sewing Machine and Attachment Syndicate, 
| Limited, Mr. S. Wheeler, Official Receiver, has issued 
| from the London Bankruptcy Court a summary of the 
| company’s affairs, which shows an estimated deficiency 


subdued whisper, and the visitor approached the great } of assets to meet liabilities of £1,047, and, as regards 


man with the utmost sazg-frozd, quite unconscious of the | contributories, a deficiency of £6,000, 
| was formed in 1890, with a nominal capital of £6,000, 
j for the purpose of acquiring the rights of a new combina- 
l \ anx | tion lock and chain stitch sewing machine, and an 
his business. Wanted {o see the principal ? Well, if | attachment which it was claimed could be applied to any 
perhaps he might | 
But the person thus addressed was | 


The syndicate 


existing lock-stitch machine. It appears that several 
unsuccessful attempts were made to sell the patents, but 


| eventually “ The Victory Three-Stitch Sewing Machine 


Company, Limited,” was incorporated with a capital of 


| £100,000, the syndicate taking certain shares, but as the 


company does not appear to have done any business, 
The failure of 


to sell the patent rights to existing sewing machine 
manufacturers, or to float a manufacturing company. 














Senclencke 


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Oct. 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 17 





ON WINDOW-DRESSING. 


Of late years much more attention has been paid by the 
sewing machine trade to window-dressing than formerly, 
but there is still room for great improvement. A well 
dressed window in a busy thoroughfare is one of the 
cheapest and best forms of advertising. 

The Warehouseman and 
Draper is now publishing a 
series of articles, entitled ‘‘ Up- 
to-Date Window- Dressing,” 
written by “An Expert,” and 
in its issue of the 21st ult. a 
«Sewing Machine Window ” is 
dealt with. By arrangement 
with our contemporary we re- 
produce this article, together 
with its illustrations, to show 
what can be done in this line at 
small expense :— . 

First cover the floor with 
green baize or a good carpet, 
then drape the sides of your 
window with lace curtains, and 
round the sides and top of your 
/ window festoon with long grass 

close to the glass by pinning 
them to the beading of the 
window, At either side of your 
window dress with two rows of 
walnut machine covers. in a 
slanting position one above the 
other, three parts up the 
window, each cover slanting in 
a different direction, and place 
a sewing machine on top of the covers, and on the corner 
of the covers stand a small vase of roses or plants, as shown 
in illustration Fig. 1. ; 

Then at either side of the window on the floor close to 
the glass, and in front of the machine covers, lay a 
machine cover on its side in a slanting 








treadle machine, then at either side of the last-mentioned 
machine stand two machine covers on their ends corner- 
ways on the floor, and place a sewing machine and 


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fancy vase with flowers on the top ; this will finish your 
second row. , 
Previous to dressing the back part of the window, see 


CAcK ENGE OF SOARD To PIN LACE Or 


Rony EDGE of BoARO 
To Pim LACE on 
of OEE ne _ Guipure Lace 


PinNED on THE 
€poce oF BOARD. 















































[Pe ens 


to the fittings, which should comprise three _ brass 
uprights with five brass sockets and five plain brass 
brackets on each upright, the three uprights to be placed 






































position, with the handle showing in the 
front ; next put a sewing machine on the 
top, and on the corner place a small vase 
of roses, plants, or fancy glass of flowers, 
ove illustration Fig. 2, 








At either side of the window put a 
sewing machine on the floor, close to the 
cover just put in and slanting in the 
same way near the glass, In between 
the two machines just described, place 
another hand sewing machine on the 
floor, this time straight and near to the 
window ; fix underneath the needle of 
each sewing machine a_ piece of art 
needlework, worked on different coloured 
satins, then along your window, closeto 
the glass and in front of the machines 
on the floor, dress here and there with 
bottles of machine oil and vases of 
flowers; this will finish your first row. 

Commence your second row by 
putting a treadle-machine about a foot 
further back from those just mentioned, 
and stand in front of the treadle machine 
a fine art picture of needlework to show 
what can be dore by these machines. 












































The bottom of the picture should 
touch the hand sewing machine in front 
and the top part leaning back agaiast the 






APE, CO 


V7 







THE COMPLETE WINDOW. 





6 hl BS eed tig y ees 








18 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


at the back, one in the centre, and the others at either 
side, as shown by illustration Fig. 3. This done, secure 
a board about 12 inches wide, half circular shape, and the 
length of the window, together with four straight boards 
12 inches wide and the length of the window. Cover 
these with green baize, and on the edge of the board at 
each side pin a good guipure point lace, as shown in 
illustration Fig. 4. 

Fix the first circular board on the brackets on the three 
uprights, so that the point of the lace almost touches the 
top of the sewing machines on the back row already 
dressed. Commence at the left hand corner of the board 
with a cover laid on its side ina slanting position, showing 
the handle of the cover in front. Place on the top of the 
cover asmall vase of flowers, and next to this put a hand 
sewing machine straight, and near tothe machine stand a 
vase with a plant init. Having done this lay asecond cover 
same as before, witha vase of flowers on the top, and next 
to this stand the second sewing machine in a straight 
position, placing in line another vase with a plant in 1t. 
Next lay a third cover in a slanting position, with a vase 
of flowers on the top, and this will finish the first board. 

Fix your second board on the brackets of the brass 
uprights, allowing the point of the lace to almost touch 
the top of the covers on the first shelf, commence dress- 
ing at the left side with a cover ina slanting direction 
opposite to those on your first board, and on the top of 
the cover stand a small vase with roses ; next to the cover 
place a vase with a plant init. Place a sewing machine 
in a straight position, and then a second cover slanting 
in the same direction as the first, with vase and plant on 
the top of the cover; next place a sewing machine 
straight, then a vase with a plant in it, next a third cover 
slanting in the same way as first and second covers, with 
a vase of flowers on the top; this will finish the second 
board. 

Fix your third board or bracket in the same way as 
described for number one and two boards, and dress pre- 
cisely in the same way as described for the first board ; 
the fourth board to be dressed in the same way as the 
second, and the fifth in the same way as the first; then 
at the top of the back of the window festoon with guipure 
lace, this will complete the window. 








LAST YEAR'S BANKRUPTCIES. 
IMPROVED CONDITIONS. 


The twelfth annual report to the Board of Trade, on 
the subject of the Administration of the Bankruptcy 
Acts for 1894, shows that the number of receiving orders 
made was 476, or involving liabilities £6,963,806. The 
assets realised £2,349,267, leaving an estimated loss 
sustained by the creditors of £5,384,173. These figures 
compare favourably with those of the preceding year, for 
the receiving orders are less by 112, with liabilities 
reduced by £528,561, and assets less by only £469,181. 
The estimated loss to creditors is therefore less by 
£204,763 than in 1893. 

The deeds of agreement registered numbered 3,894, a 
decrease of 44; while the liabilities, £6,419,0¢99,were less 
by £1,154,767. ‘The estimated loss to creditors was only 

4,311,316, as against £5,280,165 in the previous year. 

The number of failures scheduled last year, it will be 
noted, show a reduction amounting to nearly 2 per cent., 
while the liabilities show a reduction of over 11 per cent. 
The foregoing figures, observes the Inspector-General in 
Bankruptcy in his report, and the fact that during the 
present year the failures continue to show a progressive 
decrease upon the figures of 1894, confirm the generally 
prevailing impression that the condition of business 1s 
slowly improving, and the year 1893 may probably be 
regarded as indicating the high water-mark of insolvency 
over a considerable period. 

With regard to the chief causes of insolvency, the 
Inspector-General remarks :—Among the trading failures 
these may be summarised as follows—a lack of business 
capital ; ignorance of book-keeping or want of attention 
to books and accounts ; excessive trade credit given to 
untrustworthy customers; misplaced confidence in 
employés either at home or abroad ; the system of accom- 
modation bills ; reckless speculation in produce, carried 
on when the debtor knows himself to be insolvent. 

In the financial and speculative failures, apart from 
ordinary trading, the chief features appear to be those 
which arise from the temptations afforded to ingenious 





Oct. 1, 1895. 


persons by the state of the law relating to joint stock com- 
panies for the formation of companies which do not meet, 
and are frequently not intended to meet, any real public 
requirements, and the numerous breaches of trust which 
frequently accompany failures of this class. The failures 
classed as due to personal extravagance, &c., although in 
many respects similar to the last class, are especially 
characterised by the fact that asa rule the debtors have 
simply availed themselves of such facilities as they 
possessed for obtaining credit without any attempt to 
provide for the fulfilment of their obligations. The 
creditors in such cases often contribute to the result by 
encouraging the indulgence in extravagance on the part of 
their debtors in the expectation that their usurious 
charges will be paid by the debtors’ friends, 

In considering how far these causes of insolvency 
operate injuriously outside the circle of the parties 
immediately concerned, and “how far, therefore, the 
failures have any wider public interest, it is necessary 
to distinguish betwixt these various classes. 

In cases of gambling and personal extravagance, &c., 
the chief sufferers are the unfortunate debtors themselves, 
In the case of speculative adventurers, more especially 
where the speculation is carried on by means of company 
promotion, the main result, so far as the public is con- 
cerned, has been to throw considerable discredit upon 
the latter form of enterprise. 

The injurious effects of trading failures are wider in 
their range, although perhaps not so fully appreciated 
or understood. The direct losses sustained by creditors 
in these cases do not, remarks the Inspector-General, 
constitute their chief evil. The mischief done by irre- 
sponsible competition is far more serious; for the 
economic laws which underlie the operations of com- 
merce largely lose their force when the sense of 
responsibility is withdrawn from commercial transactions, 
and it can hardly be doubted that the sense of responsi- 
bility is greatly weakened, and in many cases destroyed, 
when a debtor finding himself insolvent, plunges into 
reckless operations, his main object being not to conduct 
his business on recognised principles of prudence and 
honesty, but to gamble at the risk of others than himself, 
or perhaps merely to create new means of obtaining 
financial accommodation at any cost to those with whom ~ 
he deals. To such a trader it matters not that the pro- 
duce which he purchases on credit has to be sold at prices 
lower than those at which it was bought, and the records 
of insolvency show that a course of unprofitable trading 
may be carried on for years by men who know that they 
are insolvent, before it is terminated by bankruptcy. It 
is impossible to estimate the effect on the markets of the 
world of such a course pursued by even a small number 
ofreckless traders. But it can hardly be doubted that it 
has animportant bearing on the prices of general com- 
modities. It isalleged, and apparently with good grounds, 
that the operations of speculators in what are termed 
‘futures,’ z.e., operations which are not based upon 
actual celiveries of produce, but on mere contracts to 
deliver at some future date, and which are settled by the 
receipt or payment of ‘‘differences’’ when the date for 
delivery arrives, have tended by the unnatural 
competition which they create, to depress the 
price of commodities below their natural level, the 
actual holders of such cominodities being powerless to 
contend against these purely speculative influences. But 
however injurious such operations are, thrcugh the inter- 


FOR SALE—A BARGAIN. 


SOSSOSOSCOOSOOOOOSD 

Lloyd & Co., Limited, having decided to entirely 
relinquish their retail trade, carried on since 1871 in 
the Boro’, London, S8.E., are open to treat for the 
disposal of the business. A very large retail trade has 
been done hitherto in these premises in mangles, 
perambulators, mail carts, and domestic appliances 
generally, and there are good prospects of an increased 
trade. Lloyd & Co. find it inconvenient to continue the 
retail branch, as they require all their energies for 
their new Perambulator and Toy Factory. 


Address for further particulars :— 


LLOYD & Co., Limited, 
22, FEATHERSTONE STREET, CITY ROAD, E.C. 








Oct, 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 19 
em ennemrereeeeeeeemmeeemmammmmeemmeaaeaeaaaaamaaaaaamaaaamaaamaaamaaaaamaaamaaaaaaaacaaaaasaaaaaaaamaaasaaaaaaaaaaaaasamaaaaaaaaeamaaameentee 


CAUTION. 


Gbereas, in an action brought in the High 


Court of Justice (Chancery Division) by THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY against a firm who offered for sale 
Sewing Machines not made by THE SINGER MANUFAC- 
TURING COMPANY as “Improved Singer Machines” and 
f 's Improved Singer Machines,” Mr. Justice Romer 
gave judgment in favour of THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY and restrained the defendants from using the 


trade name “Singer” in any way calculated to deceive, 


And tubereas rye sincere wanuracrunne 


COMPANY have received from numerous dealers who have 
also wrongfully used their trade name “Singer” apologies 
and undertakings not to again use the name in a manner | 
calculated to deceive, and have paid damages and 


costs, 


4) otice is hereby given that THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY will proceed against all persons using 
their trade name “Singer” contrary to the said judgment 


of Mr. Justice Rome? or otherwise wrongfully. 


GILBERT D. WANSBROUGH, 
6, Old Change, London, E.C, 
Solicitor to The Singer Manufacturing Company. 


20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





ference which they occasion with the normal action of 
tne laws of supply and demand, they are, after all, 


controlled by self-interest, and the speculative dealer | 
in time-bargains is not likely to reduce prices by forcing | 


the sale of his nominal wares below the point at which 


he believes he can replace them by real purchases if | *2 : : 
| with a registered capital of £46,000. 


insolvent trader is 
When once he has 


required. But the unscrupulous 
governed by no such considerations. 


realised the hopelessness of his position, all prudential | 


considerations disappear, and the distinctions which the 
law draws betwixt the trader who ceases to trade on 


realising his insolvency and the trader who only makes | 


that discovery the starting-point for a fresh career 
of reckless operations are too slight to act as a 
real check upon such a course. The prices of commodi- 
ties are thus largely determined not by the natural 
laws of supply and demand, but by the action of a 


comparatively few reckless competitors who have nothing } 
to lose but everything to gain by carrying on business | 
The far-reaching effect of | 
The prudent merchant | 
who restricts his business on discovering that, notwith- | ings, squares, rugs, &c. 
standing all the skill and industry which can be brought | 


transactions even at a loss. 
such influences is incalculable. 


to bear upon its management, it cannot beconducted at a 
profit, finds that his self-denial is thrown away as regards 


any hope of placing the market upon a normal foundation. | 


The manufacturer who has established a new market for 
his productions, finds it suddenly removed from his reach 
by unscrupulous competition, or is compelled himself to 
tesort to the very practices which have undermined him, 
and to continue manufacturing at a loss, at the cost of his 
creditors, in order to postpone his own collapse. z 

On the other hand, it appears certain that the present 


bankruptcy laws have tended considerably to decrease | 
this evil, although it has been suggested that the com- } 
petition from which English traders suffer in the markets | 
for manufactured goods may, in part, be due to similar | 


causes Operating in countries where the bankruptcy laws 
are less stringent. It is also possible that a firmer 


administration ofthe law onthis point might be for the | t - 
| new trial, on the ground that one of the jury was a 


| minor, and therefore the jury panel was not legally 


public advantage. The creditors of particular } 
estates as a rule are inclined to regard the 
practice of trading, after full knowledge of in- | 
solvency, as too common to excite any strong 


feelings of resentment, and it is sometimes very difficult 


to induce some of the Courts or of the Official Receivers } 


to regard the practice as one of a serious character. ‘The 
point which the Inspector-General emphasises is that 
where a debtor has once realised that his capital is lost, 


than some even of the specific bankruptcy offences which 
are dealt with under the criminal law. 























































































































needle manufacturer, of Redditch, 
who failed in 1891, intends applying for his discharge on 
the 17th inst. 


~~ * 
Mr. D. J. Falconer, late a district manager with the 
Singer Manufacturing Company, latterly in Bristol, has 
resigned his office. 


Mr. E. 


* * 


= 
Kennard, house furnisher and dealer in 


Street to Abington Street, Northampton. 


* 

At the recent Congress of the Federation of Sailmakers, 
the use of the sewing machine by the manufacturers was 
considered to be operating disadvantageously to the 
interests of the workmen. 

Ko 
* 

Mr. Thos. Brooker, ironmonger and dealer in cycles, 
prams, and mangles, has opened premises at 39, Buck- 
lersoury, Hitchin, which are additional to his establish- 
ment in Station Road, Hitchin. 


* * 
Mr. W. L. Cooper writes us stating his appreciation of 
_Mr. Dobson’s articles on bookkeeping, and he adds that 





| surcharged one penny. It took the postman and the 
| cross against the border. 


charge could not be refunded. 
! as well as the public 
| penny traps.” 


1 | infrequently proves most disastrous to creditors, as man 
perambulators and mangles, has removed from Sheep } q ye ) y 








Oct. 1, 1895. 





he mails his copy of this journal alternatively to New 
York andCuba, Many thanks ! 


The old-established © Midélesbro’ firm of drapers, 
furnishers, and sewing machine dealers, for many years 
known as Wright & Archbald, is now a limited conpany, 


* 

A new concern, called the New Washing Machine 
Company. has started business at 3, Colonnade, Chelten- 
ham. We understand that they have a new style of 
machine, which they are patenting. 

= * 


Mr, A. Walton, late manager of Messrs. W. Sellers & 


| Sons’ Edinburgh office, has taken uver that firm’s business, 
! and in addition to sewing and knitting machines will sell 
| furniture, perambulators, mangles, &c. 

it * * 


Mr. T. H. H. Cauty, well-known as a traveller for the 
American Wringer Company, has added an agency for 
Mr. David Myles, of Dundee, to his present business. The 
latter firm are manufacturers of woollen and jute carpet 


x * 


* 
The Singer Manufacturing Company have opened 


} several new offices the past month as follows :—Lricn: 


121, Bradshawgate, under Manchester district ; Gias- 
Gow: 278, New City Road; Brisror : 55, West Street ; 


and Dartrorp, 56, High Street, under the Southern 
j district. 


= * 


* 
Both Mr. Fair and Mr. Noble are now connected with 
the Singer Manufacturing Company’s factory trade, the 


| former stationed at Manchester and the latter at Bristol. 


They were both at one time in the service of the Wheeler 
& Wilson Company, and have had many years’ experi- 
ence of the sewing machine trade. 


x ® 

* 
In connection with the conviction of Mr. Rothwelland 
Mr. Entwistle, recorded in our August number, an 
application was recently made to the Hish Court for a 


constituted. The judges granted a rule mzsz, so that it is 
highly probable that a new trial will take place. 


Mr. J. Sutherland, after seventeen years’ service with 
the Singer Manufacturing Company (fourteen as super- 


| intendent for Caithness, Orkney, and Shetland), has 
| resigned his position. 
and that he is trading entirely at the risk of his creditors, | CO™mussion agent tom dis a coidence i es ae 
any deliberate attempt to carry on his business by selling | Thurso, and would be pleased to receive catalogues from _ 
goods at a loss for the sake of keeping himself afloat, is | 
and ought to be recognised as far more injurious tothe | 


commercial interests of the trading community asa whole } 


He is now arranging to act as 


manufacturers of sewing and washing machines, furniture, 
perambulators, and musical instruments. 


* * 


Traders who are in the habit of using unstamped 


| private postcards may be interested in the following 
| experience of a firm of shippers and publishers :—‘“ For a 
| length of time we have used without check postcards with 


a border around the address side, but on Friday were 


writer some time to discover why, and at last it was 
noticed that the Post Office authorities had placed a small 
Calling at the General Post 
Office with the card and a written inquiry, we learnthat ~ 
a border is not allowed on the address side, and the sur- 
The attention of printers 


needs to be called to these 





x * 


The process of winding-up an estate in bankruptcy not 












firms in the domestic machinery trade know to their cost. 
A letter of a firm of London accountants giving their — 
experience in this direction is not without interest. They — 
write :—-‘‘ We enclose copy ofa statement we have recently ~ 
received of the expenses incurred in the realisation of a 
bankrupt’s estate. We do not suppose that you can find 
space to insert the details in full G@nstructive although we 
believe them to be), but you will notice that the cost of 
realising assets amounting to £ 262 3s. 9d. comesto £ 201 
tgs. 1d., and the balance actually left for division among 
the creditors, after deducting preferential claims is only 
(foe ozs, 8d. he realisation of a bankrupt’s estate was — 
supposed to be for the benefit of his creditors, an end ~ 
which appears at present to be quite overlooked,” 


Bp. 


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mapas i nee & Me and Sewing Machine Gazette, 


FA Br MeON iy NACHE 
Startling Reductions in Prices to Dealers | 


Lists im Preparation. Enquiries Inwited. 
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For Ace essories and Attachments. 


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22 





LARGE v. SMALL MANUFACTURERS. 


It has long been recognised that sewing machines 
can only be made profitably on a large scale. The 
Engineer, in a recent article, says that these are the days 
of great things. Turn in any direction you please, the 
race is to the swift, i.e., the business man who is swift to 

build himself a big place, to increase his power of pro- 
duction and to reduce his cost of output, to employ every 
labour-saving appliance he can get; in short, to do a 
great business at the least possible expense, and with the 
utmost expedition. The trade of the future is with him. 
This feature of modern manufacture is evident all round. 
It applies equally to raw material as to finished goods. 
The small coalowner of to-day has no chance. He 
struggles along for a time, and is then elbowed on one 
side by his bigger rival. There never was a time in the 
coalfield when the minor mineowners had a harder 
struggle to live. Colliery extension is being pushed 
forward on every side, and every fresh enterprise has 
increased facilities for bringing coal to bank with less 
waste, both of material and of time. The inevitable 
result, of course, is to monopolise the market. It is the 
same in regard to finished goods, soft and hard. The ; 
smaller firms, who used to depend upon their regular 
customers in the different towns of the kingdom, feel 
more and more the pressure of the large establishments, 
which can afford to keep vast stocks, and are in a position 
to produce immense quantities at lower rates than can 
possibly pay the smaller makers. This is not altogether 
a cheerful feature of English work, but it is the direct 
outcome of the extreme severity under which modern 
manufactures are carried on. The American and the 
German have been before us in the application of labour- 
saving machinery for the production of what the world needs. 
The whole trend of trade has been, and is ever increasing, 
towards accumulating work in a few hands, so as to keep 
pace with the encroachments of the foreigner, and at the 
same time to meet the rage for cheapness, which was 
never so fierce as it is to-day. 








THE “ QUEEN” FIRE-LIGHTING FAN, 


In our last issue we stated that the Cherry Tree 
Machine Company were introducing a novelty in the 
shape of a firelighting appliance. We are now able to 
give an illustration of this patent, which we have already 
commended after testing it ourselves. 

It might be necessary to explain that the “Fan” is 
provided with ablast pipe, operated by means ofa spring. 
Close bythe blast pipe there is arranged some asbestos 
fibre, over which is poured a small quantity of paraffin 



































































































































































































































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oil. The usual method of procedure is to set light to 
the soaked asbestos, and then to release the spring, which 
at once causes a flame to be projected on to the fuel, which 
it ignites quickly and thoroughly. 

The saving of time and trouble is considerable, and 
the first cost is practically the only one, as the asbestos is 
very durable and the oil used of trifling value. No wood 
or other combustible material is needed, as the flame from 


the machine comes in direct contact with the coal in the 
grate. 








MODERN KNITTING MACHINERY. 

We have received from Mr. G. Stibbe, of 25, Jamaica 
Street, Glasgow, the well-known importer of knitting 
machines, a little pamphlet entitled “ Modern Knitting 
Machinery.” It opens with a statement that the knit 
goods trade has grown to enormous proportions the past 
few years, and then follows a technical description with 
illustrations of all the machines which Mr. Stibbe keeps in 
stock for the varied requirements of the hosiery trade, 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





Oct. 1, 1895. 





AMERICAN vy. BRITISH MANUFACTURE. 


There is now appearing in the Boot and Shoe Trades’ 
Fournal a series of articles contrasting the methods of 
manufacture in the States with those in vogue in this 
country. The author says that the American manu- 
facturer spends little money in embellishing the outside 
of his factory, which is generally constructed of wood, 
and of large dimensions. The interior, however, is 
splendidly arranged. The writer adds: ‘“ The stitching 
room is distinguished from the usual English closing 
room in the universal arrangement of the machines on 
benches ; with a good clear space between the machines, 
the operatives as a rule have ample room to put the work 
to be done on one side, passing the work completed to 
the other. In fact, this arrangement is indispensable to 
the accomplishment of any great speed. The operatives 
on the machines become quite automatic so far as the 
picking up and laying down part is concerned, all the 
faculties being concentrated on the performance of the 
work. One inspection of these factories quite explains 
the employers’ willing consent to inquiring strangers’ 
desires to view. The workers are too much engrossed 
in their work to notice who is observing them. In 
many cases I carefully watched the operators manipu- 
lating the work in their process for quite a long time, and 
Iam sure that in most cases unknown to the workers. 
The machines are arranged in the order of the processes, 
so that there is no turning back in the work. By this 
meaus the work commenced at one end with the first 
process, and, continued round in the proper order, 
arrives at the other end completed.” 








A NEW SYSTEM OF CANVASSING. 
TO THE EDITOR ‘‘SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.”’ 


Sir,—I was very pleased to see the article in your last 
number on the subject of canvassing. It was not a little 


| instructive as well as being interesting, and it suggests 


to me the idea that if you will open your columns to a 
full discussion of this question much good might 
result. 2 

Mr. Cromack, the author of your article, appears to 
speak as one of great experience, and he seems to have 
decided that a ‘‘ Directory” system of canvassing is the 
best. It would require an abler pen and a man of greater 
experience than myself to defend the “old system” of 
canvassing, but I would just state that it seems to me 
that the ‘‘ Directory ” method must be very offensive to 
a large section of the public. Just imagine what would 
happen if every trade were to adopt the same tactics and 
make up directories! Why, life would be unbearable. 
Perhaps the sewing machine trade is permitted extra 
license in this matter, and if so, Mr. Editor, let us know 
why and how from some of your readers.— Yours, &c., 


ENQUIRER. 








THE STANLEY SHOW—SEWING MACHINE 
SECTION. 


Mr. E. A. Lamb, the secretary of the Stanley Show, 
informs us that the prospects of the sewing machine 
section are “ Ar.’ Our readers will remember that we 
stated in our last issue that, as last year, the “ Stanley ” 
would have a department in the gallery devoted to 
sewing machines, 

This exhibition of cycles and sewing machines is to be 
held at the Agricultural Hall, Islington, from the 22nd 
to the 30th of November, both days inclusive. 


SEWING MACHINES. 


The patentees of a valuable invention are prepared to 
receive offers for their rights (British and Foreign). 


The Invention applies to one of the most important 
branches of sewing machine work, which has hitherto been 
performed in an expensive manner with unsatisfactory 
results. 


The Machine is pronounced by independent and well- 
known experts to be of undoubted novelty and simplicity 
in its construction. 


Principals only deals with. Apply, in the first instance 


to ©. B., care of Messrs. StrmET Broruurs, 5, Serle 
Street, Lincoln’s Inn, W.C. 











Ocr. 1, 1895, 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 23 





A NEW TRADE MOVEMENT. 


According to the Bzrmingham Postan important move- 
ment is taking place in order that the British manu- 
facturers of bedsteads shall be able the better to compete 
with toreigners in neutral markets. 

‘“ Under existing circumstances home makers have their 
own showrooms, agents, pattern-books, &c., and through 
these mediums business results. The new proposal is 
that makers shall practically cease to do individual trade 
abroad, but that they shall be divided up into sections, 
each section taking one or more foreign markets. There 
are fifty-two members of the trade, and instead of having 
a number of smallshowrooms in various quarters of the 
globe, it is proposed that there shall be a large showroom, 
which would also act as an advertisement, in all the foreign 
markets-—in fact, that there should be so many perpetual 
exhibitions of bedsteads. Each member joining the 
venture would supply a number of samples of his goods, 
and the expense would be shared among those exhibiting. 
It is calculated that under the new arrangement makers 
would have vastly improved opportunities of selling their 
bedsteads, and at one-seventh of the expense to which they 
are now put in carrying on their foreign trade. By 
sharing the expense of the display makers will not only 
have the advantage which the advertisement will give, 
but they will have a certain amount to play with in selling 
prices without interfering with profits ; in other words, it 
is stated they could give away in their selling prices what 
they saved in management expenses. Ina/ddition, they 
will be placed in possession of the latest news as tc the 
movements in the market, and will thus be better able to 
meet foreign competition. As at present arranged, the 
scheme will include India, China, Japan, Australia, South 
America, South Africa, and Egypt.” 

We have for long thought that it is possible for our 
manufacturers to work a little more in unison and 
benefit all round. If the new scheme answers in the bed- 
stead trade it will probably be tried in many other 
branches of industry. 





Now that the winter is close at hand many of our 
readers will be devoting extra attention to their musical 
instrument department, and a few addresses of manufac- 
turers may be useful, 


Joseph Wallis & Sons, Limited, of Euston Road, N.W., 
can supply the dealer with almost every article in the 
“small goods” line, such as violins, accordions, &c. 


* * 


* 

For brass instruments we cannot reccmmend a better 
house than Joseph Higham, of 127, Strangeways, Maa- 
chester. He is an old-established maker, and can supply 
every Class of brass instrument. 


x * 


For high-class organs the Bell Organ & Piano Com 
pany, of Holborn Viaduct, can be confidently recom- 
mended. Their stock is extensive and varied, and 
instruments to suit both rich and poor can be obtained 
with promptitude. 


a * 


For a piano to sell at a popular price the following are 
worthy of note ;—John Ellis, 8, Holly Street, London 
Fields, N.E.; T.G. Payne, 75, Fortess Road, Kentish 
Town, N.W.; and F. Moggridge, of 5, Parmiter Street, 
Cambridge Heath, E. 


* * 


For automatic as well as for every other form of 
musical instrument Messrs. John G. Murdoch & Co., 
Limited, of 91, Farringdon Road, E.C., havea well- 
established reputation. On the third page of our cover 
will be found notice of their goods, and a complete 
catalogue will be sent on application. 


A New York paper describes a new invention which con- 
sists of an attachment whereby the playing of the 
Musician is registered in such a form that it may be 
instantly repeated and as many cop.es of the original 





record turned out as desired. So delicate is the process 
of registration that the slightest inaccuracies in the play- 
ing, as well as the most delicate touches, are emphasised. 
The peculiarities in touch are also readily distinguishable. 
Those familiar with the playing of particular musicians 
can at once recognise their fayou1ite music from the 
manuscript repetitions. 
* * 

The pianophone, as this invention is called, is worked by 
the application of certain principles in pneumatics. The 
air passing through the perforations in the stiff sheet of 
manuscript music, through the holes in the honeycombed 
wood, puts in operation an intricate interior machinery 
controlling the keys. For power the instrument is 
worked either by the feet or by connection with an 
electric motor. 

ee? 

The first instrument is so arranged that any performer 
who plays upon it has not alone the music but his style 
and expression distinctly recorded upon it. A series of 
pneumatic tubes stamp on the record all peculiarities of — 
touch, so that ifa large number of musicians play the 
same tune on the recoérding piano, when they are 
repeated on the pianophone, anyone accustomed to the 
style of the various players can tell who played each one. 

x * 


‘ The most common defect in American organs, says 
Work, is that known as ciphering, which means that 
some note or notes sound when the stopsare closed or the 
keys are not touched. In the former case the defect is 
caused by badly-fitted mutes. It is of the highest 
importance that the mutes should be made of well- 
seasoned wood, and very carefully fitted, otherwise this 
defect will soon manifest itself. The remedy is to either 
ret the mute or replace with a new one. The latter 
defect is in connection with the pallets, and is generally 
caused by dirt adhering to the leather on the pallet, or 
the touch-springs may be too weak to hold the pallets 
firmly over the mortise holes. To remedy the former 
defect, remove the dirt from the pallet ; and in the latter 
case fit on a new touch-spring where it may be required. 
Ciphering may be caused also by the plungers sticking, 
the remedy for which requires no explanation. 








FREE COINAGE AND SEWING MACAINES. 


Bimetallism has of late been causing some stir in this 
country, but in the United States the trouble appears to 
be the free coinage of silver, on which subject, according 
to the Sewing Machine Advance, a local paper has been 
holding forth as follows :— 

‘“Sewing machines have decreased in price from 
125 dols. in the fifties, to 12 dols. 75 c.in 1895. The 
former was the huge iron frame, iron table machine, 
heavy and noisy, but withal a tremendous help to seam- 
stresses and tailors, and a boon to housekeepers with 
large families. It was called the Singer. The latter day 
and lower priced machine, the , 1s said to be an 
excellent one, and it is handled by excellent people. This 
paragraph is not to advise either, but to call attention to 
the price fact and to inquire why there is no complaint 
about this decrease in price as one of the infernal upera- 
tions of the wicked demonetization of silver. If wheat 
producers and wheat prices are affected by the status 
of silver, why not sewing machines? _ If free coinage will 
help wheat will it also help sewing machines? If the 
old wheat price is restored will the former sewing machine 
price be clapped on? If the farmer can get 1 dol. for his 
wheat will he have to pay 125 dols. for a sewing 
machine? Or is the wheat price alone to be the value 
affected by the free coinage of silver? These are perti- 
nent questions and we ought to know the answers before 
we make changes.” 

It might be well to add, says the Advance, that sensible 
people do not want free coinage any more than they want 
the 12 dols. 75 c. sewing machines. 


PETER McKENNA & Co,, 
MARSH LANE, BOOTLE, 
Mangle Roller Makers. 


Best American Sycamore HKollers, Roughed and 
Bored, always in Stock. 
FINISHED ROLLERS FROM 6/- A PATR, 


















24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances: Oct, 1, 1895. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF KUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON AER ean AND INSPECTION INVITED 


THE BRL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LD, 
48 HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, EC 





Provisional Patent No. 44,203. 

The Most improwed Combination in the Market. 
: The demand 
for this 
Combination 
far exceeds 


BABY 
CARRIAGE 


AND 


MAIL CART 
COMBINED. 


Convertible to 


any previous 
Sale. 


——— 


-All Dealers 
should handle 
this. — 


—————— 


Lists sent 
on - 
Application. 


MANCHESTER, 














3 Positions. 


yas 











ee ONT aT ee Re REM Ro eae eRe ee ere oe Cet ae re ee a to 

















W. FOSTER & CO,, 


a6, BARR STREET, BIR MIN GEA IW. a 


The Largest Makers in ia World of Perambulator Fittings. 






AMERICAN WRI 









i a ia Nad 


System. 


shape. 





OCT eet cOO ss and Sewing Machine Gazette, 2e 








RINGER, 


SEPSSSSCOS SO SSS OS SSS SSS SSSHIOGIOSSY 


SPECIAL FEATURES. 


The “ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for the 
Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied toany but bona-fide Hire- 
Purchase Dealers. 

The ““ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very best 
materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on the Hire 


The Rollers of the ‘““ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering of 
Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft and 
cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The ‘* HOUSEHOLD * WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 


Considering the quality of the materials used, the ‘HOUSEHOLD ” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


La a a a re a 


This Machine is now fitted with BRASS BEARINGS 


Without extra charge. 


QUALITY AND FINISH UNEQUALLED. 





A few SOLE AGENTS required in Districts where not represented. Full 
particulars on application. 





NGI 





RCo. 


122 Southwark Street, LONDON, S.E. 





PRAM TYRES. 


We have a large Stock of TYRES 
ready for delivery, in $in., ;in., and }in. 
for Wheels 12 in. to 26 in. 
28 lb. lots at 9d. 


Send size of wheels when ordering. 


TYRE CEMENT, Extra Quality, 9d. Ib. 


OIL. 


4 oz. Bottles ends 
21 OZ. 
Iook, cs 





A eis Oi eae 
LO saute ye, 





NOTICE THESE CHEAP LINES OF 


WW iREIEN GER sSs. 
“STAR,” Iron Frame, 10 in., 8s. 6d.; 11 
iieacUgers abo In... leeds 


Champion, Iron Frame, 12 in., 11s. 64. ; 
eines >< 16. inseekGe: 


12s. 6d. 





London Agents for TAYLOR & WILSON’S 
Celebrated MANGLES. 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER 60., 





122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. 





Price 10d. lb. 


24s. Od. per gross | 


| Messrs. Linley & Biggs, Clapham. 


Royal, Wood Frame, 10in., 9s. 6d. ; 12 in., | 


i The interior of the vehicle is well upholstered. 
* ® 





— 





GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Qlove Knitter in the Market. 









SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 


IS For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


118, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 





At their Wolverhampton works, the Humber Company are 
averaging 300 machines per week, and their average for May was 
q % # 


! not less than 1,200. 


The Cyclist says that with a low gear it is possible to pedal 


faster down hill with one foot at work and the other on the rest 


than by pedaiiing with both feet. 
nw 
™ 
Important developments as to pneumatic tyre patents may be 
expected at an early date, as the action between the Clincher and the 
Dunlop people is to be fought to a finish. 
* 


* 
Messrs. J. S. Willway & Sons, of Bristol, sewing machine and cycle 


| dealers, have introduced a brake which acts by bringing in contact with 
} the tyre three steel bars set at right angles. 
x * 


* 
A novelty from the south-westera district is the cycle cab of 
It has room for one fare, 
and is worked by one rider, who sits behind, w Ja hansom eab, 


= 
Most of our readers are acquainted with the sewing machines 
made by Hengstenberg, of Bielefeld. Latterly the firm, like most 


} of the Continental sewing machine mannfacturers, added a cycle 
| department, and they are now about to turn their business into 


a company. ‘ 

Edison has acquired for himself such a great name as an inventor 
that we fear his recent remarks on the cycle may be estimated too 
highly. His idea of storing up energy is an old notion, but since it 


} means much additional ~veight to the cycle, we are inclined to think 
+ that the end desired will not by any means be justified. A corre- 
} spondent says that on a particular hill (Blaydon Bank) he finds that 


the suggested springs would mean that the cyclist would lose five 
times as much as he gained, and his cycle would have an increased 
weight of some 20 Ibs . 





‘ 


te oe. ee ee 


i ee ed 


ie: 


4 
; 
4 

4 


26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





As most of our readers are aware, nearly all the conti- 
nental sewing machine factories have a cycle department. 
Among the first cycle makers in Germany was Mr, Adam 
Opel, of Russelsheim, near the Rhine, who engrafted the 
trade on his sewing machine business. We regret to 
announce his death last month, at the age of 58. Mr. 
Opel has several sons, who will continue the business. 


* 
* 


The event of the month in the cycle trade is 
undoubtedly that of the rumoured “corner” in cycle 
tube. It is said that a group of Americans have made 
such heavy contracts for tube with English manufac- 
turers that the production will not by any means equal 
the home trade demand. Certain it is that prices have 
been on the rise the past few weeks, and something 
approaching a panic has occurred among English manu- 
facturers. 


x * 
* 


It is now suggested that the British cycle manufac- 
turers shall form a company and manufacture their own 
requirements. Something must surely be done to increase 
our supply, or the coming season will be disastrous for 
both makers and dealers. It is well known that English 
cycle tubing is far superior to that of foreign make, which 
accounts for the fact that we export it to every cycle- 
making country. 


* % 
* 


In our last issue we gave a short article on the history 
of the Safety; we now find that a French journal 
called L’/ndustrie Velocipedique, claims that the inventor 
of the Safety is a Frenchman. Our contemporary says 
that M. Juzan, of Bordeaux, was the first to con- 
struct a Safety with equal wheels, and this important 
event only took place in 1885, which, by the way, is one 
year later than the ‘“‘ Rover.”’ 


= 
2 


The question of pedals is being discussed in the cycle 
press. The Cycizst says that the ordinary rubber pedal 
is faulty, and it recommends manufacturers, instead of 
reducing the outside measurement of the pedal rubbers, 
which they have done of late, to take out the weight by 
hollowing the ends, leaving only a couple of inches of 
solid rubber in the centre to take the pressure. The rat- 
trap pedal also is the subject of criticism, and for asimilar 
reason—liability to have the foot jerked off. 

The Cycist has recently discussed the question of 
cycles to be propelled by hands and feet.. The idea is a 
taking one at first sight, and many inventors have devoted 
much study to working it out. Our contemporary says 
that the notion that such a machine is faster and better 
isa fallacious one. The rider requires his chest free and 
untrammelled, and this is impossible if he has to work with 
his hands as well as his feet. There is, it would seem, 
but little prospect of the hands being used for any other 
purpose than steering. 


* € 


A new chain is about to be put on the market, called 
the Simpsun. An ordinary block chain is used somewhat 
wider than usual, but on every link triangles about an inch 
high project outwards. Their apices are joined by bolts 
which project on each side, and the chain thus has two 
pitches, an upper and a lower pitch. The lower pitch 
runs on an ordinary bracket chain wheel in the usual 
manner, but the pinion on the back hub is of special con- 
struction, and is hollowed between parallel sets of teeth 
ta admit the chain in such a manner that it is driven by 
the top triangular pitch of chain. This back pinion is not 
unlike the grooved one used by Warman, Laxon, & 
Youett (the predecessors of Warman & Hazlewood) years 
ago for their patent chain, which drove off projecting 
studs each side, as the links were central. The Simpson 
back pinion is, of course, hollowed out much deeper, so 
as to allow the bottom pitch to come in. It is claimed 
that extra leverage is gained, as for a given gear (com- 
pared with an ordinary chain) the number of teeth on the 
back hub is not increased, though the diameter is, and 
this, at any rate, is a good feature.. Some private trials are 
said to have yielded wonderful results, and it is said that 
#£ 250,000 has been subscribed privately by a company to 
work the invention, and that one important firm has 


aS sale) * ce RRP yr 


Oct. 1, 1895.- 


stopped its ’96 designs awaiting further trials, as the use 
of the new chain would widen the tread somewhat, and 
more width between the back stays at the hub would be 
required. 


ON REPAIRING CYCLES. 

It is always wise, says the Cyclist, after repairing a front 
fork of a safety to test the sameas to whether the legs are parallel 
ornot. A simple way of doing this is to fix the stand of the fork 
in a vice, a straight edge should then be placed near the head of 
the fork, and another across the ends of the legs. By bringing the 
two edges of the straight edges in line with the eye, any irregu- 
larity will be made perfectly plain, and can be remedied by careful 
hammering or by springing the legs in the direction in which they 
should lie. Although the legs of the forks may be parallel with 
each other, the stand may not be in a central line between them. 
This should be tested by holding a straight edge against one side 
of the shank, and measuring the distance from its edge to the end 
of the leg on that side. The straight edge should then be placed 
on the opposite side of the shank, and the distance to the end of 
the other leg measured. If the two measurements correspond, the 
fork may be considered to be true in every respect. Should they 
not correspond, the shank should be held in the vice and the fork 
sprung in the required direction until they do. As a further and 
final check, the wheel should be placed in the fork, and the 
distance from the rim to the sides measured. 








Failures and Arrangements. 





CHARLES WIGHTMAN, cycle agent, Clarendon Park, 
Leicester. 
In the above bankruptcy the liabilities are £219 9s. 4d., 
and the assets £15. Among thecreditors are :— 


oSuade 
Holyland, A., Leicester 50) On 
Lohman, C., London rae 26205 


White Sewing Machine Company, London ... 21 9 O 

LONGSTAFF PRESTON, ironmonger, furniture, and 
mangle dealer, 148 and 150, High Street, Aston 
New Town. 

A deed of arrangement has been filed in the above. 
Liabilities £169 9s. 1d. estimated net assets 
£50 9s. 6d. The debtor proposes to pay a composition 
of 5s. in the pound in two equal instalments at three 
and six months. Among the creditors are Messrs. 
Watson & Whalley, Keighley, for £15. 


HENRY BAKER (trading as H. Baker & Co.), 
house furnisher and dealer in sewing machines and 
perambulators, 15 to 21, Goldhawk Road, and 1a, 
Bamborough Gardens, Shepherd’s Bush, W. 

At a private meeting of creditors held herein on the 
4th ult., it was resolved that the estate be realised for the 
benefit of creditors, with Mr. Viney (Messrs. Viney, Price, 
& Goodyear) as trustee. Accordingly, on September 12th, 
adeed of arrangement was filed. The unsecured liabilities 
are given at £1,609 ros. 4d., secured creditors £36, and 
after deducting the latter sum it is estimated the assets 
will amount to £3,412 12s. 5d. 
THOMAS BRIDEL HASKINS, 

Hagley Road, Halesowen. 


A Receiving Order was granted in the above on July 29th, and the 
debtor adjudicated bankrupt on August 9th. 

MANN & CORRICK (Frederick Wm. Mann, trading as), cycle 
manufacturer and dealer, 68, Prince of Wales’ Road, Norwich. 

A deed of arrangement, dated August 8th, was filed in the above on 
August 15th ; unsecured liabilities, 4688 3s. ; estimated net assets. £470. 
Among the creditors are the Midland Perambulator Company, of Bir- 
mingham, for £51. 


perambulator manufacturer, 








BRITISH y. AMERICAN FURNITURE, 


So many of our readers sell furniture that we make no 
excuse for giving a portion of a report on the British ~ 
cabinet trade. This report is the outcome of a visit paid 
by the Executive Committee of the American Furniture 
Manufacturers’ Exposition Association last year, and 
shows what others think of our furniture industry :— 

“There are in London,” the committee say, ‘but 
few large cabinet factories, one of which we found 
thoroughly equipped with modern wood working 
machinery, much of which was of American make or 
origin, notable among the former being twelve carving 
machines. This factory is new and scarcely in perfect 
working order yet, but the methods of the American 
case-work plant are visible on every hand, and its 
equipment is an evidence of what may be expected to 
develop, for it will surely meet with a splendid success 

















rd 


; 5 American trade, ‘he will be found to possess a more yvalu_ 


"Ochi 1; Pee eee Gaon oe ACMI Gazelle. et Se Pa ee 


in view of the only primitive competition with ee coi nie siete oneal and betede eoheebeene business had: it 
will, for a time, have to contend. 

“The case-work of England is, even in the cheaper 
grades, better made than that of similar grades in 
America, but better prices prevail to cover the cost of 
this improvement. 

“Tt would be useless to attempt the introduction of 
the American chamber suite, as at present designed, 
the English market. An English suite consists se a 
wardrobe, a dressing table, a washstand, a night cabinet, 
a towel rack, and two chairs. In the judgment of your 
committee, American case-work manufacturers can make 
the English chamber suite in a manner satisfactory to 
the British trade at prices that wili enable us to establish 
a splendid trade there. 

‘Tn sideboards, a style prevails that in the better and 
highest grades can be produced cheaper in England than 
in “America, chiefly because but a very limited number of 
one pattern can be marketed, but in the plainer and 
cheaper grades the same statements that apply to 
chamber suites again hold good. 

“We believe that the American extension dining table 
would be an article of the future in the English market, 
but that its introduction will be a slow process, and 
should be taken in conjunction with other goods. 

“The large trade now being done with England in 
chairs and desks of our make renders any extended refer- 
ence to this branch unnecessary, except to say that we 
found the English houses handling this trade enjoying a 
much greater degree of prosperity than any other line. 
Still, comparatively few of the new and more attractive 
patterns of American chairs are carried. With these 
lines taken up and wider facilities provided, a much 
larger business can undoubtedly be done in these lines. 

“When we enter the parlour furniture, or what is 
known in England as the ‘drawing room’ line, how- 
ever, we find an even more favourable condition existing. 
The English demand an absolute purity of style in this 
class of furniture, hence any American manufacturer, 
who in_his designs is loyal to the source from which his 
inspiration comes, will find his patterns accepted, and his 
success in England becomes only a question of quality and 
price. In this statement reference is only intended to 
frame suites, as in the all-over stuffed line it would be 
useless to attempt part of its manufacture in America. 
In everything else, however, fully 30 per cent. of any 
representative line of American parlour work, in which 
purity of style is an element, is marketable in England 
beyond any question. 

“Tn the production of high art chair and suite frames, 
the English manufacturer has reached as near perfection 
in lines and purity of style as it is practical to attain, 


~ One factory in this line which we visited was a reve- 


lation in the matter of design, even to those of the 
committee who had made a study of the art in furniture. 
The finished product was of a very high grade of 
workmanship, but in no sense better than can be and is 
produced by the American manufacturer of the same 
class, and by our methods these goods could be produced 
ata sufficiently less price to give us an advantage. 

“In parlour tables it is questionable whether the better 
grades can be successfully made by our manufacturers, 
but in the cheaper grades, such as Shakespeare tables, we 
found the English paying from 3.75 dols. to 5 dols. for 
what we are selling at from 1 dol.to 1.75. In this line 
there is undoubtedly a large opening, with a possibility 
of eventually growing into ‘the better ‘grades. 

“ Absolutely no prejudice exists in the minds of the 
better trade, asa whole, against American made furniture, 
and each buyer who inspected the representative lines 
shown him unhesitatingly selected many patterns in 
each that were available and marketable at the prices 
quoted, in each case sufficient having been added to cover 
the additional cost of English delivery. In several 
instances, orders could have been taken had the committee 
been on A selling mission. . 

“Binally, we ‘would report as a result of our investiga- 
tons, that 

‘1.—A market certainly exists in England, and other 
countries available only through London, for such grades 
of American made furniture as are favourably considered 
in the foregoing statements; that the market is of 
sufficient volume and importance-to justify the enter- 
prising manufacturer in making an effort to secure it, 
and that, having once secured “this in addition to his 


_—s 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 27 


able goodwill and better profit-earning business than is 
(aise in America exclusively, under the conditions 
that obtain in our country now. 

“ >.—To obtain this trade it will be necessary to make 

a line in each instance to conform with tastes and require- 
ale a, but these patterns willin so many instances be 
pure specimens of the known schools of design that the 
greater portion of them will be available for the home 
trade and be novelties as well. 

‘€3.—It is necessary that these goods be shipped to 
London in the K. D. state to be set up (and in the case of 
parlour furniture, upholstered) and finished there. This 
necessitates the establishment of an upfitting, upholster- 
ing, and finishing department in London, which, while 
it may be rather a heavy load for a single concern to 
carry, can be most adv antageously done “by a combina- 
tion of factories. Whether this should be one combina- 
tion, embracing all those who desire this market, or 
several smaller organisations composed of five or six non- 
competing lines, is a matter for discussion and determina- 
tion by the concerns entering the field. 

“Tn the management of such a concern in London it 
is not advisable to start with any extended plant or great 
flourish of trumpets, nor is it best to flaunt the announce- 
ment that the goods are American made. Not that any 
prejudice exists, but that the experience of England with 
cheap American goods has been such that to y lay stress 
upon such a point would handicap the work. Neither is 
it necessary to conceal the facts, it being only requisite to 
put the goods on the floor in London and offer them 
purely on the ground of merit and price, in which spirit 
they will be inspected and fairly judged by the buyer, 
with few if any exceptions. 

‘c All the members of this committee were sufficiently 
impressed with the prospects as to be willing to enter 
into arrangements with several other manufacturers with 
a view of making a combined effort. 

pelts the hope of the committee that this matter will 
be taken up at once by the members of the association, 
and arrangements completed without delay for actively 
entering and pushing the foreign trade, for it isa belief 
in which all must share that a successful cultivation of 
these great markets will go far towards bettering the con- 
ditions that surround our home trade.” 

From the foregoing it would appear that we are on the 
eve of increased American competition in the cabinet trade. 

This system of sending practical men to foreign 
countries seems to us to be a capital way to increase 
trade, and we regret that it is not in vogue in this 
country. 








ALLEGED OBTAINING 
FRAUD. 
A DEALER PROSECUTED BY A MANUFACTURER 


At the Keighley Borough Police Court, on the cron 
ult., James Holroyd, Portland Crescent ‘and Francis 
Street, Leeds, trading as the Leeds Manufacturing Com- 
pany, Limited, was summoned for obtaining, by false 
pretences, tweny-four wringing machines, value £24, 
from Dawson, Bentley, & (Cot: mangle manufacturers, 
Keighley. Mr. Percy Naylor prosecuted, eyovel Whe: Ife Ale 
Compston, barrister, Leeds, defended.—The case tor the 
prosecution was that in January last, after a previous 
conversation with Edwin Bentley, a partner in the 
complainant firm, the defendant called on them at 
Keighley, and sought to do business with them. Asked 
for references, he said he was in good circumstances, and 
paid cash on the roth of the month following delivery, 
and that he had a well-stocked warehouse in Portland 
Crescent, and a good furnished house, free of charges, in 
Francis Street. “At first six machines were delivered, 
and subsequently eighteen more. Eventuaily defendant 
gaveabillfor £23 14s. 9d.,whichwasdishonoured. In June 
the firm wrote to defendant that this was a glaring case 
of false pretences, for which the law provided punishment, 
and that if an early settlement was not made they would 
have toadopt extreme measures. Further pressure of the 
same kind was brought to bear.—Mr. Compston ani- 
madverted upon the evident attempt to use that Court as 
a means for the collection of debts—a most reprehensible 
practice. There was here no case established, as, by 
Regina v. Williamson, and other decisions, mere exaggera- 
tion of a man’s circumstances did not constitute a 
fraudulent pretence-—After private consultation the 
Bench dismissed the information. 


MANGLES BY 








28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





NEW WMANGLE CATALOG CE. 

Those interested in the sale of washing and mangling 
machines, &c., for home or export trade, will do well to 
keep handy a copy of the catalogue just issued by Messrs. 
Taylor & Wilson, the well-known mangle manufacturers, 
This production will be found superior to the average 
trade list, and clearly demonstrates that the noted 
Accrington firm means to be quite ‘upto date.” It 
contains some sixty pages of illustrations from finely 
engraved blocks, and these comprise every type of mangle 
in vogue, many having cast iron frames in various 
“taking ” designs, others with tubular and wrought iron 
standards. Many new and substantial-looking patterns 
are here added to those formerly supplied by this firm, 
notably the ‘‘ Protector” and the “ Favourite,” the 
former of which has the gearing enclosed at both ends. 

A series of Underspring machines are followed by the 
“ Strand,” ‘Clayton,’’ and ‘‘ Ideal,” with wood tops 
over strong coil springs, and cast frames of neat and 
varied designs. These and many other styles cannot fail 
to meet the taste of every class. They are preceded by the 
various patterns of the ‘‘ Home” and “ Dolly” washing 
machines, for which Messrs. Taylor & Wilsen are 
celebrated, and further perusal will suggest other useful 
articles to which the enterprising dealer may turn with 
interest. The latter include garden seats, named the 
‘« Buxton,” ‘“‘ Matlock,’ ‘‘ Haddon,” and “ Henley” (a 
cheap line in rustic style), also garden rollers, step- 
ladders, &c. 

The retail prices in this catalogue are so arranged that 
by deducting a uniform discount the dealer may ascertain 
the trade price of any article without reference to his 
wholesale list ; this wise arrangement should commend 
itself to all buyers. 

















APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


15,342. W.T. Rowlett. Improvements in circwar knitting 
machines. 
15,451. J. Powell. Improvements relating to felling guides or 


folding attachments for sewing machines. Dated August 16th, 1895. 


_ —.__ 15,459. 5. Hill. A new or improved needle for sewing machines. 


75,584. W. Allday and EH. Allday. 
lubricators-for the wheels of perambulators. 
15,558. C. Thompson. Improvements in children’s mail carts. 
15,588. H. 8S. Ellis~Improvements in sewing machines. 
15,688. J. L. Home. Dnproyements in mail carts for children. 
15,715. J. M. Marten and W..J. Mace. Inprovements 
pertaining to children’s mail carts or perambulators. ; 
15,727. J. Kohler. Improvements in or applicable to sewing 
machines for the purpose of varying the width of the stitch. 


Improvements in 


15,741. E. Wiseman. Improvements in straw-plait sewing 
machines. 
15,847. C. L. N. Lotinga and T. Metcalf. Threader for 


sewing machine and other needles. 

15,906. J. Taylor and W. J. Watson. 
embroidery machines and the like, 
therewith. 

16,274. EH. Grafcoa, for a new or improved head rest for mail 
carts and perambulators. 

16,561. T. J. Roome. A sewing machine. 

16,762. T. Batty. improvements pertaining to 
bobbins for holding sewing cotton or thread. 

16,893. W. H. Inslee, a communication from The Singer 
Manufacturing Company, ot United States. Improvements in 
thread controller mechanism for sewing machines. 


SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
(Price 8d. each.) 

17,220. Lmbroidery Machines. HUH. C. Sheldon and W. 
Lockwood, of Nottingham. Dated September 10th, 1894. 

Relates to improvements in cording guides employed in multiple 
embroidery machines for twisting two or more strands together 
to form a single cord, and at the same time passing them round 
the needle-thread so that one or more strands engage therewith 
and the cord is simultaneously secured to the tissue. The 
strands are carried by separate spools, each carried by a pin 
secured to swinging frames. The spools and frames rotate about 
the needle and needle-thread, and thus twist the strands together 
and also round the needle-thread, but to prevent the individual 
threads from being twisted or untwisted by this action it may 
be counteracted by actuating the frames by an epicyclic arrange- 
ment of toothed wheels. 

9,181. Sewing Machines. 
The Singer Manufacturing 
May 8th, 1395. 

Kelates to sewing machines for working eyelets, the object 
being to provide an eyelet working machine in which, when the 
cirele of eyelet stitches has been completed, the oyerseaming 
-moyement of the needle will be suspended and a few fastening 


Improvements in 
and apparatus conncetod 


teels or 


A. Anderson, a communication from 
Company, of New York. Dated 





-and A. Banks, of Leamington. 





OG mages 





stitches be made, and the machine will then he automatically 
stopped, and simultaneously with this stopping arrangement the 
pressure foot will preferably be automatically lifted for the 
conventent shifting of the work for the next eyelet. 

10,788. Perambulators. J. J, Paulsen and M. Moller, of 
Germany. Dated May 30th, 1895. 

A number of balls are strung upon rollers and mounted upon 
the perambulator body in such a manner that if the child tries to 
hold on to the side in order to rise the balls revolve, the hand of 
the child slips, and the child is thereby prevented from gettuiz up. 

11,024. Rotary Loopers and Under-Thread Carriers for Sewing 
Machines. J. Y. Johnson, a communication from H. Springmann, 
of Berlin. Dated June 4th, 1895. 

Consists of a rotary looper and stationary under-thread carrier 
for sewing machines, haying gniding surfaces so arranged as to 
prevent radial displacement of the thread-carrier. 

11,273. Sewing Machine. G. A. Nikolajszuk, of Berlin. 
Dated June 8th, 1895. 

Consists of an improved type of machine, the distinguishing 
feature of which lies in the means whereby motion is imparted to 
the various arrangements and devices constituting the complete 
sewing machine, while its superiority over machines of other 
constructions arises from the fact that it enables a number of 
stitches to be made whilst the hand-wheel is completing one 
revolution, without the assistance of any transmitting gearing, 
such as gear wheels, straps, and pulleys or the like. 

11,393. Lrimmer Mechanism jor Sewing Machinery. A. G. 
Brookes, a communication from $. H. Wheeler, of Fairfield, Conn., 
U.S.A. Dated June 11th, 1895.” 

Relates to mechanism for trimming the work adjacent to the 
seam in a sewing machine, by means of a reciprocating or vibrating 
cutter-motion being imparted thereto, by connections between it, 
and some moving part of the machine. 

16,488. Knitting Machines. 1. A. Claringburn, of Nottingham, 
Dated August 30th, 1894. 

Relates to improvements in knitting machines of the kind known 
as “ Bennor ” Knitting Machines, the object being to so construct 
a “ Bennor” machine as to render it capable of producing tubular 
fashioned work, such as arms for vests, legs for pants, and fashioned 
stockings. The invention also relates to means for working the 
knitting cams during the formation of the first part of the toe or 
stocking. 

16,730. Sewing Machines. 
September 3rd, 1894. 

Relates to devices employed in sewing machines for automati- 
cally lifting and depressing or moving into and out of their work- 
ing positions at the commencement and at the end of work the 
presser-feet and the folders or depressers used in forming tucks. 

29,135. SKnotters for Sewing Machines. A.W. Cochran, of New 
York. Dated October 22nd, 1895. 





W. Bowden, of Manchester. Dated 


sewing machine, and is especially intended for tying such threads 
together at the end of the line of sewing, or at any desired 
intermediate points. z 

12,259. Drop Stands for Sewing Machines. W. 4. Taslee, of The 
Singer Manufacturing Company, Kilbowie, Dumbartonshire. 
Dated June 25th, 1895. 

A hinged support is arranged at the right hand end of the open- 
ing in the table top in which the machine hbed-plate is received, 
or at the end of the opening beneath the fly and pulley wheel of 
the machine. The hinged support is provided with openings for 
the passaye of the driving helt, and has a lip extending beneath 
the bed-plate of the machine. Beneath the table is a torsional 
coil spring, one end of which is held stationary while the other end 
engages the hinged support and serves to counterbalance the 
weight of the machine when the latter is turned down on its 
hinges beneath the table top. 

12,893. Kitiing Needles in Sewing Machines. 
Stuttgart, Germany. Dated July 8rd, 1895. 

The needle-inserting device somewhat resembles tongs or nippers 
in its construction, a peculiar feature being that in it the needle 
point below the eye of the needle, and practically the whole of the 
body or shank is exposed, whereby the insertion of the needle may 
be easily and reliably effected. = 

UNITED STATES PATENTS, 
ISSUED AND DATED AUGUST 13TH, 1895. 

544,443. H. M, R, Athol and E. L. Taft Gardner, Mass. 

Machine for knitting rattan. 


T. Riedinger, of 





544,639. W. P. Hopkins, Lawrence, Mass. Heating apparatus 
for wax-thread sewing machines. 
ISSUED AND DATED AUGUST 20TH, 1895. 
544,723. EH. Cornely and R. Cornely, Paris, France. 


Embroidering machine. 

544,751. J. W. Simons, Port Chester, N.Y. 
for sewing machines, 

544,849. IH. R. Greene, Amsterdam, N.Y. 
ment for knitting machines. 

544;940. D. L. Whittingham, Detroit, Mich. 
treacle. 

544,995. ©. Reid and C. Stevenson, 
Cireular knitting machine. ‘ 
ISSUED AND DATED AUGUST 27TH, 1895. 

545,135. A. Sedmihradsky, Milwaukee, Wis. Yarn changing 
device for knitting machines. 
545,391. R. W. Thomson, Lynn, Mass. Sewing machine. 
IsSUED AND DATED SEPTEMBER 3RD, 1895. 


Hemming gange 


Striping attach- 


Philadelphia, Pa. 


545,483. iL. Geddu, Winchester. Sole sewing machine. 
545,484, L. Goddu, Winchester. Sole sewmeg machine. 
545,486. 1. Goddu, Winchester. Sewing machine. 

545,625, A. B. Fowler and G. E. Warren, Pawtucket, R.1. 


Sewing machine. 
to} 


Is designed for use in tying the threads together in a two-thread 


Sewing machine _ 







Noy, 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 11 


W, SUMMERSCALES & SONS. LTD. 








Coney Lane Works, 
~ KEIGHLEY. 


ESTABLISHED 1850. 















































| Lists and Full 
Particulars 
on Application. 


STANLEY SHOW. 
LLOYD & Co., Limited. 


have Large and Handsome Showrooms at 


FEATHERSTONE ST., LONDON, E.C. 


ALL ON THE WAY TO THE SHOW. 


SS 







































































SEE THEIR TOYS, CARS, PRAMS, &c. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 
STIBBE’S PATENT RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 
EJ OWE B., 3s. 8d. gross; Bradbury Elastic, 4s. 6d. ; 


=“ Wilcox & Gibbs, 5s. gross.—S. Cox & Co., Eagle Works, 
IDEA ii Alcester. 


ERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 














For Seamless Stockings, Socks, Gloves, and every represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
kind of Hosiery, RIBBED or PLAIN Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate street, 

, ; London, B.C. 
REALLY SIMPLE, ABSOLUTELY SURE, YW ANTED, @ GOOD AGENT in each Town, where 
A Patented I ts which Hemnrd not already appointed, for th2 ‘New Williams’ ” Sewin 
Se ara oninatother Machine: AeaeaMeebal nse aii Machines. Best value ever offered.The Williams’ Marnuiaebiine 


Company, Limited, 44, Farringdon Street, London, E.C. 
FURNITURE, BEDSTEADS, &c.—Advertiser, 35, 


desires change; management over 10 years; thoroughly 
acquainted with Hire Trade; highest references.— Address, ia first 
instance, ‘‘Furniture Manager,” ire Traders’ Guide and Record 
Office, Paternoster Row, E.C. 


GOOD OPPORTUNITY.—To be DISPOSED 

OF, an old-established FURNITURE and DOMESTIC 
APPLIANCE HIRE BUSINESS, suit small capitalist.—Address, 
“Z,” Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 


YOUNG LADY, experienced, desires SITUATION 


in Sewing Machine Depot.—Address, ‘‘ Depot,” care of the 
Sewing Machine Gazette. 


AN OLD-ESTABLISHED SEWING MACHINE 
AND MAIL CART BUSINESS to be DISPOSED OF,— 
Address, *‘ Lockstitch,” Office of this paper. 





The Greatest Attraction in Knit- 
ting Machines. 


No Hosiery Maker should be with- 
out it. ONE of these Machines 
gives more profit than Six ordisary 
Machines. 

The New Patent Machine for 


SCOTCH KNICKERBOCKER HOSE, 
GLOVES, etc., in CHECKS. 


Full Feshioned RIBBED Hose, with or without 
CHECK PATTERN, are made on this Machine 
and the RIB TOPS can be made PLAIN, 
STRIPED, in CHECKS, or in CHECKS and 
STRIPES COMBINED. The Whole being Knitted 
in ONE OPERATION. PLAIN HOSE, etc., in 
CHECKS, are also made on the same Machine, 
which can also be utilised for other kinds if 
RIBBED GOODS, and particularly for FANCY 
RIB TOPS, SWEATER FABRICS, etc. 


G. STIBBE, 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 
Leicester Branch, 34a, Highcross Street. 

















(See page 32 for other advertisements.) 








12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 






Noy, 1, 1895. 


Senne 


THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscriplion.—3s 6d. per annum, or 18. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Aire Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscriptzon.—es. 6d. per annum, or od. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariff on Application, All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified bythe twenty-fifth of each month: ‘ 

Contributicns —Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requested to notify changes of address, 
the opening cf new premises, &c., in their several towns. 

Trade Information.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. 

Replies to Advertisements.—We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 

In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either ‘‘ Publisher.” or 
‘« Editor,” at the address given below. 

Hire Agreements and Payment Cards.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application. 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade for the benefit of manufacturers. 

Non-subscribers —Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers whenever they contain anything ot interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful Would @// our readers do likewise ? 


SEWELL & Co,, Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 





During the past month there have 
been several prosecutions of traders 
for obstructing the pavement. Dealers 
in domestic appliances are great sinners in this respect, 
and it is well that they should recognise the fact that the 
police are liable to come down uponthem. The fines 
usually inflicted are very trifling, but many magistrates 
are opposed to the practice of outside displays on the 
ground that they offer temptation to the poor. This no 
doubt is true in the case of some wares, but it would 
scarcely apply to heavy mangles. Cycles and perambu- 
lators, however, if exposed on the pavement, should be 
secured against theft, being easily abstracted and capable 
of rapid transit. 


Obstructing 
the Pavement. 





Tt is rather amusing to see from time to time 
Rates of how opposed the drapery papers are to 
Profit. traders other than regular drapers selling 
textile fabrics. ‘‘Every cobbler to his last ” 
they consider a good maxim for other traders, but object 
to its application to the drapers, who it is certain are the 
greatest offenders in the country in this respect. We 
find them in all parts of the kingdom offering sewing 
machines, furniture, pianos, ironmongery, and other 
merchandise at rates of profit which it is impossible for 
the regular traders in these articles to adopt, and no 
doubt many persons ask themselves ‘how is it done.” 
The Warehouseman and Draper \ast month contained 
an article on this question, which is instructive, written, 
as it is, ‘‘ by an expert.”’ The writer says :—‘‘It is well 
known that, in order to cultivate a ‘cutting’ ready- 
money trade, there must be the never-ending sprat 
offered to catch the mackerel ; or, in other words, there 
must be offered to the public goods that they can at once 
see are worth all the money that is asked for them. This 
has been done in such a manner that the profits on such 
lines have become smaller by degrees and beautifully less. 
The ‘ cutting’ man is not satisfied to sell at what may be 
called a living profit—that is to say, a profit that will 
cover the expenses of his business without making any- 
thing for himself, but he must needs offer some lines at 
considerably under the actual cost price, so that he has 
all the porportionate expenses of his business to make up 
on other goods before he can recoup himself for the 
actual loss on such ‘cutting’ lines.” 
Here lies the grievance of other traders. The draper 
of late years has not used his own wares for “cutting” 
purposes so much as formerly, but has bought the goods 


sold by other classes of trades, and has treated 
them as the sprat to catch the mackerel. That 
this is grossly unfair goes without saying, 
and if it is persisted in we hope that the 


aggrieved traders will start some system of reprisal. 
We have in our mind at the moment the case of a draper 
who has laid in a stock of standard books, also a large 
number of popular pictures, and these are displayed in 


his window at a gross profit much under a penny in the 
shilling. Within twenty yards of this shop is a book- 
seller, also a picturedealer, aud the business of both these 
men cannot fail to be injured by the draper using their 
legitimate wares as “sprats.” Now, if these latter traders 
were to clear out a portion of their windows and display 
the best paying lines of their neighbours ticketed at the 
same rate of profit as he sells their goods, what 
would Mr. Draper have to say? He would, of course, 
consider this unfair and unneighbourly, but he would 
bring this trouble entirely on himself, as we utterly deny 
that the draper has any more right to ‘‘cut’’ with books, 
pictures, or sewing machines than the traders selling these 
goods can fairly sell, say, millinery, manties, and dresses" 
at a penny in the shilling gross profit. 

It is interesting to observe what the ‘‘expert” has to 
say on the subject of drapers profits. He writes: 
“Tt is quite impossible to lay down any specific rule as 
to the rate of profit in any trade, especia‘ly in such a trade 
as the drapery, because there are very few businesses that 
are on all fours with each other. It is very largely a 
question of expenses, and it is hardly necessary to say that 
the estimated expenses should be carefully gone into and 
made the basis of the profit required. ‘The profits, too, 
will have to cover bad debts, loss on bad stock, and also 
leavea fair margin of net profit for the proprietor of the 
business, after allowing for possible fluctuations in returns. 
As a rule the profits of a “cutting” trade averages 174 
or 20 per cent., but where credit is given it is almost 
impossible to carry on successfully with less than 25 per 
cent. Twenty percent. profit in a cutting trade! What 
a lot of mackerel must be landed to compensate for the 
loss on the sprats. : 





DEATH OF THE LAST OF THE ORIGINAL 
SEWING MACHINE INVENTORS. 


The last member of the group of America’s original 
sewing machine inventors, says Zhe Sewing Advance, 
has passed away. William O. Grover, the inventor of 
the once well known Grover & Baker sewing machine, 
died on Thursday, the 5th inst. at Beverly, Mass., at the 


age of seventy-two. He made a fortune out of his 
invention while still a young man, and at once retired 
from business and devoted the balance of his life to 
religious and philanthropic activities. 

A New York correspondent of the Philadelphia Press 
makes the following interesting comments upon this 
group of inventors :— 

Although William O. Grover was not a resident of 
New York City, yet at one time his business interests 
here were so great and his relations with some of our 
capitalists were so intimate that it seemed almost as if he 
were a New York capitalist. Therefore the announce- 
ment on Friday of his death was received by a good 
many business men as the sad intelligence of the loss of a 
personal friend. Mr. Grover was the survivor of that 
remarkable quintet of young men who more than forty 
years ago exploited a new invention which it is estimated 
has added hundreds of millions to the wealth of 
the world—the sewing machine. They were all New 
England young men, excepting Singer. The five were 
Howe, Wheeler, Wilson, Grover, and Singer, andas their 
great wealth came to them with almost Aladdin-like swift- 
ness, so they were in their careers almost as suggestive of 
luxury and romance as was this mystic creation of 
Oriental fancy. Howe, who was probably the first 
actually to conceive the notion of driving the needle by 
machinery, settled in Bridgeport, where he rapidly 
accumulated great wealth, and with it drew quite as 
much attention to himself as his fame as the inventor of 
thesewing machine caused. ; 

He was the intensest kind of a Union man, and when 
the Government was in dire emergency offered financial 
aid, and a steamboat as well. He was eccentric, although 
not in the same way that Singer was. Singer probably ~ 
amassed the largest fortune from the sewing machine ~ 














ae 


P| 











i 


3s Pie, ora e aee 

Noy. 1, 1895. 
gained by any one of those associated with its early 
development. He lived in more splendour than the others. 
He had more domestic notoriety, and he was probably a 
closer intimate of capitalists than any of the others. 
Like all of them, he was a poor boy, who almost in a day 
gained immense fortune. Wilson, who was, perhaps, the 
greatest inventive genius of any of them, was not made 
especially happy by his money, and in the latter years of 
his life was somewhat clouded by a misfortune, for which 
he was himself, perhaps, responsible. He was also eccen- 
tric, and was said to have been too fond of the unreason- 
able pleasures of life, and did not gain such a place in the 
commercial world as was the experience of all the others. 
Grover, who, with his partner, Baker, inventel and 
controlled a very important feature of the sewing 
machine, retired very early from active business life to 
the enjoyment of a capitalist who has no other business 
than the care of his investments. He was several times 
a millionaire when only a little past forty years of age. 
His capital and his important investments brought him in 
very close relation to some of the greater financial enter- 
prises of the day. He was very fond of social life, and 
was, therefore, prominent in clubs, and was a generous 
man, having endowed some educational institutions hand- 
somely. His career was very much like that of the late 
Nathaniel Wheeler, who was the partner of Wilson and 
the business brairs of the great manufactory established 
by that partnership. Wheeler and his partner also set 
up their factory in Bridgeport, where they were neigh- 
bours of their conspicuous rival, Howe. Mr. 
Wheeler, unlike any of the others who were 
prominent in the development of the sewing 
machine, took a very keen interest in politics. He was 
always a Democrat, and when the Democratic party 
came into power in Connecticut, after the war, Wheeler 
was several times sent by it to the State Senate, and 
once, when nomination meant election, he was almost 
unanimously indicated by the party as its choice for 
Governor, but refused to listen to the call. Wheeler 
also developed a fine capacity as a railroad man. He was 
one of the first of those capitalists who took hold of the 
New York and New Haven Railroad, when it was an 
insignificant line, only about sixty miles long and with 
small capital, and began that work of consolidation and 
development which has now made it the commanding 
railroad system of New England, and one ofthe greatest 
corporations of the country. 

These five men, who, early in the fifties, introduced 
the sewing machine, thus creating enormous wealth here 
and in Europe, gained for themselves in the aggregate 
more than fifty millions of dollars as their share of that 
wealth. Singer was the richest, Howe was sometimes 
rich and sometimes embarrassed, and Grover, who was 
one of the richest, but not the youngest of the group, is 
the last of them to pass away. 


I, 








SHWING MACHINE PATENT CASE. 


In the Chancery of the County Palatine of Lancaster 
(Manchester District), before F. Willis Taylor, Esq. 
(sitting as Vice-Chancellor), the Patent Case of Birch 
v. Harrap & Co. was recently under consideration. 

The official report is as follows :— 

On July the 24th, 1891, a patent (No. 12,565 of 
1891) was granted to William Birch, for an invention of 
‘“¢Tmprovements in sewing machines.” 

On March the 16th, 1895, the patentee com- 
menced an action against William Harrap, trading as 
Harrap & Co., to restrain the infringement of this 
patent, claiming the usual relief. 

By his particulars of breaches the plaintiff complained 
of the manufacture by the defendant, at Richmond Hill 
Ironworks, Blackfriars Street, Sa!ford, of sewing machines 
made in accordance with the invention forming the 
subject of the plaintiff's patent, and described in his 
specification ; and of the sale of such sewing machines at 
various times during the early part of the year 1895. 

The defendant, by his defence, denied infringement, 
and alleged the invalidity of the plaintiff’s patent for 
(among others) the reasons appearing in Nos. 4 and 5 
of the particulars of objections, which were as follows :— 

‘c4. The said alleged invention was not the subject- 
matter of valid letters patent, but was the mere 
analogous use and application to an old and well- 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. ~ NOV Bee } 13 













known sewing-machihé [6M mechanical appliances and 
arrangements of parts Welfktiown and in common use in 
machines of a similar kind, and used for similar or 
analogous purposes, prior to the date of the said alleged 
Letters Patent. 

“ss. The plaintiff does not, in his specification, 

sufficiently distinguish which of the matters and things 
therein described he claims to be new, or as_ beiug 
included in the said alleged Letters Patent, and which of 
the same he does not so claim, and admits to be old, and 
the said specification is insufficient, ambiguous, and 
framed so as to mislead.” 
_On June the 24th, 1895, the plaintiff took out a 
summons for an order that the defendant should give 
further and better particulars :—‘‘(s) Of the mechanical 
appliances and arrangements of parts well known and in 
common use in machines of a similar kind referred to in 
paragraph 4 of the particulars of objections filed and 
delivered herein. (2) Of the parts of the plaintiff's 
specification which are alleged to be a ‘mere analogous 
use and application to an old and well-known sewing 
machine of such appliances and arrangements.’ (3) 
Stating in what respect or respects he alleges, in the fifth 
particular of objection, that the plaintiff's specification 
does not distinguish which of the matters and things 
therein described are new, and what parts are old, and 
further stating what portions of the invention described 
in the plaintiff's specification the defendant alleges to be 
new, and what portion he alleges to be old, giving refer- 
ences to pages and lines if necessary. 

The summons was adjourned into Court and now came 
on for hearing. 

Maberly (instructed by A. Macdonald Blair) appeared 
for the plaintiff ; Grant (instructed by Joseph Foulds) for 
the defendant. 

Paragraphs 1 and 2 of thesummons relating to para- 
graph 4 of the particulars of objections were taken first. 

Maberly: Paragraph 4 of the particulars of objections 
points to some particular mechanical appliances which 
are relied on as anticipations, and details of them ought 
to be given to the plaintiff; Patents, &c., Act, 1883, 
Section 29 : Crompton v. The Anglo American Brush 
Electric Light Corporation, Ld., 4 R.P.C. 199. 

Grant : The paragraph in question is merely a plea of 
common knowledge in the same form as that used in 
Gadd v. Mayor of Manchester, 9 R.P.C. 251. and further 
particulars do not require to be given of such a plea; 
Holliday v. Heppenstall, 6 R.P.C. 326. 

The Vice-Chancellor: It certainly is not necessary, 
where common knowledge is relied upon to state par- 
ticulars which are matters ofcommon knowledge. This, 
as it appears to me, does not put the objection in that 


form. If it had put it in the form in which the 
case of Gadd v. The Corporation of Manchester, 
which Mr. Grant read, was put, it would 
have been unimpeachable, probably, but I will 


not say absolutely, because there was no applica- 
tion for further particulars in that instance, but it would 
probably have been unimpeachable if the defendant had 
merely stated that it was the mere analogous use and 
application to an old and well-known sewing machine 
of matters and mechanical appliances in common know- 
ledge. But here the defendant has stated that these are 
mechanical appliances and arrangements of parts well 
known and in common use in machines of a similar kind ; 
that points, I should imagine, to some particular 
mechanical appliances which are used in this particular 
machine, and which the defendant knows of, and which 





BEAR THIS IN MIND! 


W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs, Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly-finished sewing niachines, so 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 hours’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use, 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval.—W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, $.H.—A py7. 


v4 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


are practically parts, or arrangements of parts, which had 
formerly been in use. It really comes to a question of 
prior user, and, as is said by Lord Justice Cotton, in the 
case of Crompton v. The Anglo-American Brush Electric 
Corporation, if you know of any particular objection, you 
ought to state it. 

On that ground I think there ought to be a further 
and better statement of particulars as alleged in 
paragraph 4 of the statement of objections. : 

Grant : Your Honour will, in the alternative, give me 
leave to amend paragraph 4? : 

Maberly : That is not before the Court. My friend can 
amend it afterwards in the usual way. An amendment 
of particulars involves compin consequences. That 
application is not before the Court to-day. j 

Grant: I have, of course, the alternative of striking 
out words. Will your Honour point out words you 
consider ought to be struck out ? 

The Vice-Chancellor: All that I decide is that you 
ought to give further and better particulars of the 
mechanical appliances and arrangements of parts men- 
tioned in paragraph 4. 

Paragraph 5 of the particulars of objections was then 
taken, and paragraphs 3 and 4 of the summons relating 
thereto. 

Maberly: The defendant ought to give particulars 
of this objection and state what portions of our inven- 
tion he alleges to be new and what portions old. An 
order was recently made to that effect in this Court in the 
case of Rothwell v. Macintosh, 11 R P.C. 274. 

Grant : I am willing to give particulars of ambiguity, 
but I cannot be asked for particulars as to the allegation 
that the plaintiffs specification does not distinguish what 
is new and what is old; Jones v. Berger, 5 M. &G., 208, 
per Maule, J., at p. 218 ; Delta Metal Company v. Maxim 
‘Nordenfeldt, 8 R.P.C. 169. 

Maberly: It is all leading up to this: that the 
specification is ambiguous. Iam content to take par- 
ticulars of what is ambiguous. 

The Vice-Chancellor : That, I think, you are entitled 
to under paragraph 4. 

Maberly: Then I will not trouble further about 
that. 

The Vice-Chancellor : Then there must be an order 
in this case as to paragraphs 1 and 2 of the summons, 
which I have already directed ; and, as to paragraph 4 
of the summons, better and further particulars of the 
parts of the plaintiff's specification, which the defendant 
alleges are insufficient and ambiguous, or framed so as to 
mislead, giving references to pages and lines, if 
necessary. 

Maberly : I ask for the costs of the application. 

Grant: I submit that the costs ought to be-costs in 
the action. My friend has failed as to paragraph 3 of 
the summons, which was the real question in the 
matter. 

The Vice-Chancellor: It appears to me that the 
plainuff has succeeded upon the summons, in obtaining 
further and better particulars, and that the defendant 
must pay the costs of the application. 








THE ART AND FEATS OF MACHINE 
WORK. 

The last number of Sewzng Machine Times contained 
the concluding article in the series which has appeared 
under the above title, much to the gratification, and it is 
hoped advantage, of our readers. 

While the adaptability of machines to the artistic 
branch of tailoring and the more difficult problems of 
garment-making was po-sibly understood and utilised in 
this country more fully and at an earlier date than in 
England by the tailoring trade, yet the sewing machine 
agents were as a rule very poorly informed as to the 
technique of the art. To them these articles have been 
instructive, and if carefully studied have given a know- 


ledge of tailoring practice that may be of much service in 
making sales. 





FOR SALE BY TENDER, by Order of the Court, 


under Compulsory Dissolution of Partnership, DOMESTIC 
MACHINERY BUSINESS, goodwill, stock, and hire accounts, 
as a going concern. S.W. district, Surrey side.—For particulars, address 
Official Receiver, Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





Noy. 1, 1895. 


Mr. Lewis Lyons, the author of the articles, is the secre- 
tary of the International Tailors, Machinists, and Pressers 
Union, of London. No better authority could have 
written on the subject. We reproduce below, from Mr. 
Lyon’s first article, his introductory statement, as well as 
an extract from one of the articles by the Editor of Zhe 
Tailor and Cutter, to whica he refers. 

Mr. Lyons’ introduction to his valuable series of articles 
was as follows :— 

“‘ The descriptive account of what can be accomplished 
by the sewing machine, published in Zhe Tazlor and 
Cutter, by the Editor, after his recent visit to Chicago, 
ought surely to arouse the spirit of enterprise among 
tailors at home. We have certainly been at fault and 
n.glected our own interests in not recognising long before 
now the sewing machine as a scientific branch of the 
tailoring trade. It has, no doubt, been recognised as a 
very great aid in the product of garments, But as an 
instrument of art and science combined, we have so far 
fai'ed to understand it, or apply it, to anything like the 
full extent of which it is capable. We must congratulate 
the Editor for having so successfully directed attention to 
this subject. Now the sewing machine has been dis- 
covered, let us examine it and see what can be made of it 
for universal adoption.” 

Mr. John Williamson, F.R.H.S., Editor of Ze Zazlor 
and Cutter, published in that paper a series of articles 
based on his American tour during the year of the 
Columbian Exposition. In an interesting chapter on 
American Tailoring, he gives an account of his visit to 
one of the large clothing establishments. We extract 
from it his reference to machine work :— 

“Our next move was to the factory where the better 
class of work is made. This wasin another house. This 
also occupied a very large floor, perfectly ventilated, and 
everything conducted in perfect order. Here it is all 
done on the manufacturing principle. Machinists, 
pressers, women sewing all they can sew, men finishing. 
Beautiful buttonholes were being put in by machine. I 
must confess to, seeing here some marvellous feats in 
machining ; skill displayed which I had never before 
seen or knew was possible. This refers to the putting in 
of pockets. An outside breast pocket with a welt, in a 
morning coat of good material, was put in complete— 
tacked and altogether, in 44 minutes. No part of it was 
basted before being sewn. It was beautifully done, and 
would stand muster on any first-class bespoke garment. 
An outside pocket with flap in a Melton overcoat, with 
three rows of stitching on edge, was done by the same man 
as we stood watching him. He first made the flap, which 
was lined with Italian, no basting whatever throughout. 
The lining was simply pinned to the flap with ore pin in 
the centre ; the machine manipulated the edge of the 
Italian—the cloth being stitched on the raw, and 
machined on the Italian side. The whole pccket was put 
in complete in 74 minutes, ina style too which could not 
be excelled. I did not ask Mr. Ryan to give me the fore- 
parts containing these pockets, but he kindly, at my 
request, had similar pockets put in on pieces of the same 
material. These I have now before me, and will be 
pleased to show them to any of my readers who may bein 
London and will call to see them.”—Sezwing Machine 
Limes, New York. 





NEW DESIGNS [IN MACHINE WOODWORK, 


Seidel & Naumann, well known as the largest sewing 
machine manufacturers on the Continent, now have in 
there extensive warehouses, at 23, M.or Lane, Fore 
Street, London, E.C., several novelties in sewing 
machines, specially manufactured for the coming 
Christmas trade. The bases and covers of these new 
machines are of black polishe¢ woodwork, tastefully 
engraved in black, gilt, and also other colours, the 
various patterns and engravings being executed by com- 
petent artists. The designs, and the whole finish of the 
woodwork, remind us geuerally of Japanese and Chinese 
work, and they are executed in the factory on the Con- 
tinent by workmen who have collected their experience 
from those countries. We believe that this new cabinet 
work for sewing machines will be well approved by this 
firm’s clients throughout the United Kingdom and in 
the Colonies, 









and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


STANLEY SHOW, 1895. 


THE 


19th ANNUAL EXHIBITION 


Cycles, Cycle Accessories, 
Cycle-making Machinery, 
Photographic Appliances 
AND 


SEWING MACHINES, 


WILL BE HELD AT THE 


ROYAL AGRICULTURAL HALL, 


ISLINGTON, N., 
NOVEMBER 22np to 30rn, 1895, 


Both Dates Inclusive. 
OPEN TO THE WHOLE TRADE. 


Acknowledged by the Press, Public, Agents, 
Buyers, and Cyclists as 


THE TRADE EXHIBITION, 


and promises this year to surpass all previous 


STANLEY SHOWS. 








The Committee have again set apart the 


EAST END of MAIN GALLERY specially 
for the Exhibition of 


SEWING MACHINES 


Applications for space, which is limited, should be made at once to 


EE. A. LAMWIB, Secretary, 
57, Chancery Lane, W.C. 


Telegraphic Address—* INSUPPRESSIBLE, LONDON.” 


“es 
i - 
—_-*. . 





16 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Not less than 1,200 different sewing machines are now 
kept at the Moor Lane warehouse, all of them fitted 
with the usual walnut woodwork, inlaid with mosaic, or 
of the new Japanese patterns. 

As the season has now arrived for pianos and other 
musical instruments for the Christmas trade, a large 
assorted stock is to be seen. The pianos are of first-class 
German manufacture, specially made for Seidel & 
Naumann, with overstrung iron frame, full trichord, seven 
octaves, genuine ivory keys, the front richly ornamented 
with gilt, and artistically inlaid with marqueterie. 
These pianos are unsurpassed in finish, tune and con- 
struction, and are of the same first-class quality and 
finish as the Naumann sewing machines. The self- 
playing musical boxes, hand organs, &c., are also well 
assorted—the “ Polyphons”’ and “ Orphenions’? are sold 
largely in England. The Jatest novelty is the 
“Gloriosa,” which is supplied with a Christmas-tree 
holder, flower bowl, &c., and can also be supplied with 
different stands, with plated plates, or plates of ivory 
glass, artistically painted in colours like china. 





THE MULTIPLE TUCK SEWING MACHINE. 

We illustrate herewith the Multiple Tuck Sewing 
Machine, which a company, with offices at 13, Swan 
Street, Manchester, is now introducing. Several of these 











enmaTT @c2 Ete 


pr it a eS aS 
oe ? ; 





Nov. 


The object of the invention, the patent of Mr. William 
Bowden, is to enable two or more tucks to be sewr 
simultaneously, and Fig. 1 gives a fair idea of its general 
appearance. 

Figure 2 shows the mechanism when three needles are 
used, the sewing being chain-stitch. Tne cloth is fed from 
right to left, and to form the tuck it is pressed into a series 
of grooves cut into the metal table, by means of the flat- 
ended pins or fingers fixed on the end of the lever arm 
shown in Fig. 1. The pins or fingers are arranged to 
work parallel to each other, which permits three or more - 
rows of tucking to be made at the same time without 
unduly straining the cloth, and the size of the tuck can 
be readily varied. 

The essence of the invention is, of course, the method 
of forming the tuck as described above, and this is 
certainly ingenious and practical. It is almost unneces- 
sary to describe the way the tucks are sewn, as that is 
obvious from the engraving. We might just state, 
however, that behind each of the channels is a looper, 
which engages with the needle-thread which passes 
horizontally through the tuck as it lies in the groove or 
channel of the table. 


Naturally, a machine of this character is very rapid, 
120 yards of three or four tucks per hour being its aver- 
age output. It works equally. well on any kind of 


{, 1895, 


























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Machines have already been placed in factories, and we are 
told that repeat orders have been received. We must 
admit that we have not yet had an opportunity of 
examining the machine, but the specimens of work shown 
to us are faultless. 

















































































































































































































































































































































































































if 





























IDES Tio 


material, and it will hem as well as tuck. At present it 
only makes the chain-stitch, but the inventor says that it 
can be altered to do perfect lock-stitch, but this, we fear, 


means complicating what at present isa simple piece of 
mechanism. 




























































































i 




























































































if EMMOTT ace pr 






























































































































































Nov. t, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 17 





AMERICA’S SEWING MACHINE EXPORTS. 


The following table shows the exports of sewing 
machines from the United States in 1894 :— 


CoUNTRIES TO WHICH EXPORTED. 





Values 
Dols. 
Austria-Hungary ee iss a 5,413 
<zores, and Madeira Islands ice ms 68 
Belgium ae ae Bae se 48,363 
Denmark aoe ee 336 Abe 124 
France e23 ss i ae 91,246 
Germany ace vas a ; 255,507 
Italy ... a8 208 Bes aa 8,696 
Netherlands ... a we aoe 4,673 
Portugal ike Soe a ene 741 
Russia, Baltic, and White Seas ... Bae 2,927 
Spain AG: 7 & 1,340 
Sweden and Norway ... aug 1,097 
United Kingdom : 
England ... Ria i 500 4730553 
Scotland ae ig § 238,783 
Ireland 2% a ae ar 15 
Bermuda ae ae im ae 534 
British Honduras ue ie 2,159 
Dominion of Canada : 
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, &c. —... 11,709 
Quebec, Ontario, &c. 3 e 94,386 
British Columbia ... 1 ss 5,160 
Newfoundland and Labrador no ac 3,044 
Central American States: 
Costa Rica... 3,880 
Guatemala 4 ik 7,965 
Honduras ... oe xs “ee 2,985 
Nicaragua... Soc of od 4.396 
Salvador ... sie a. 10,687 
Mexico a ie aS ae 151,239 
West Indies : © 
British... an 2 a 13,853 
Danish... te aoc Sa 280 
Dutch nae 10 tis shi E,191 
Hrenchy — .. $3 Ba sae 932 
Haiti aon ae ca a 11,967 
Santo Domingo... ve eg 1,962 
Spanish—Cuba ae Sa ot 212,696 
Puerto inico oe Pi 35534 
Argentine Republic sae ae a 71,513 
Bolivia Aue ee dae See 205 
Brazil... a Bite ne ay 101,719 
Chile ... ae ate a at 18,126 
Colombia sit Sie See au 49 674 
Ecuador Bs 14,116 
Guianas : 
IByah sisi ae =e Ble or 2,862 
Dutch ab oi ae Si 165 
Wrenclitees. = ace ae oy 627 
et a cot ee an bie 13,743 
Uruguay ie pee KA axa 7,256 
Venezuela en ene 45,306 
China ine oN 2,179 
East Indies : 
British Rie ae Ban chs 3,626 
Dutch S59 Ae pac oe 107 
French ... Ay Rus ee 260 
Hongkong ace one 3,173 
Japan. . ee ee ae ats 1,265 
Russia, Asiastic 200 60h ats 343 
Turkey in Asia Aer =e ba 835 
All other Asia ... ae 5 Ris 1,087 
British Australasia ee ate ak 310,948 
French Oveanica Re a e 2,509 
Hawaiian Islands Lee sae me 8,818 
Philippine Islands on a0: sta 228 
British Africa ... c ae 4.928 
Canary Islands... ee ake “ 3,177 
Liberia es ate oj Se 293 
Portuguese Africa ae BSH as 30 
All other Africa ian Bh se 163 
All other British... ays 5 aie 475 
All other islands and ports oe ae 349 
Total $2,3475354 





JEWELLERS AND THE HIRE-PURC HASE 
SYSTEM. 


At the meeting of members of the Neweastle and Gateshead 
Pawnbrokers’ Protection Association, held on the 11th ult., 
according to the Pawnbrokers’ Gazette the following transpired :— 

The President (Councillor Goolden, J.P.) occupied the chair. 

The Vice-President (Mr. Slater) stated, in regard to a case in 
which he was concerned, that he had settled it. It was a case in 
which the agent of a hire-purchase trader had pawned a watch 
which had afterwards been demanded by that agent’s employer, 
On the advice of the Association he had declined to give up the 
watch, though the trader had offered to pay 25 per cent. of the 
advance, unless the agent who had stolen or misappropriated the 
watch and whose address was known to his employer at the 
time the demand was made, was prosecuted. Since then he had 
received a communication from the secretary (Mr. Edminson) 
stating that the trader now offered to pay 50 per cent. of the 
advance, and advising him to accept these terms. He took the 
advice and wrote, intending that he would accept the offer, and 
that when he received 50 per cent. of the advance the firm might 
have their goods. Since then he had received the exact sum and 
nothing to pay the cost of transmittingit. He was inclined to let 
it remain at the Buckingham Street shop until they sent for it. 

Councillor Costelloe said that he had a case on identically the 
same lines as Mr. Slater. The watch in thiscase had heen pawned 
by the same agent as that received by Mr. Slater. In the first 
instance the hire trader offered 25 per cent., but he now offered 
50 per cent. As far as he was concerned he was quite willing to 
accept that, but as the matter had been placed in the hands of the 
Association, he thought it right to hear what that meeting had to 
say about it before he settled it one way or the other. 

The President said he did not think it advisable to push the 
matter too far. He did not know whether they had heard the 
story of a certain Lord Chancellor who, on being told by hia wood- 
man that a certain party had cut down some of his trees, replied 
“Oh, let him have them.” And on being urged to prosecute, 
made the significant answer that had it not been for fools going 
to law he would never have had any trees at all. It was, perhaps, 
rather ungrateful to call the people fools whose idiosyncracies had 
done so much for the learned Judge, but still there was some truth 
in it, and he thought the Courts should be avoided whenever 
possible. In his business he had always found that compromise 
upon an equitable basis was the best thing, and a compromise to 
the extent of refunding 50 per cent. of the advance being offered, 
he was of opinion it would be better to accept it. 

Couneillor Costelloe: It is not a matter of 25 per cent. or 50 per 
cent., but the question is which is the right and which the wrong. 
If we are absolutely in the wrong, there is no alternative but to 
accept the proposal ; if, on the contrary, the other people are in 
the wrong, then the question comes in, “Are we sacrificing a 
principle by compromising ?” 

The President: With regard to Mr. Hall’s case, there is no 
doubt we are in the wrong. 

Mr. Hall: It is possible, but there is no proof they have any 
signed papers at all 

The President: Well, I have only thrown this out as a 
suggestion. Supposing we could fight the case with some chance 
of success, is it advisable to do so when we have a reasonable 
compromise offered ? 

Mr. Hall: We agreed to compromise two of my cases before. 

The President : On receipt of 25 per cent. ? 

Mr. Hall: Yes, and since that the demand in one of the two 
has been withdrawn. That is rather peculiar. 

The President: I was not present at that meeting, but of 
course, if that wai agreed to then there is an end of that. As far 
as Mr Slater is concerned, I think it would be better, having 
received 50 per cent. of the advance, that he should send the 
article back, and I do not see how it would be better for Mr, 
Costelloe to hold out. 

Councillor Costelloe : I am prepared to act according to the view 
of the meeting. 

The Chairman: Very well then ; it is understood that Councillor 
Costelloe’s case will be settled on the compromise offered. Now, 
as to Mr. Hall’s cases. Two it was agreed to settle on payment 
of 25 per cent., and the demand in one of these eases has heen 
withdrawn. There is, however, I understand, another case which 
was not before the meeting when a compromise was agreed to as 
in the two others. In these hi‘e-purechase cases we seem to be 
completely at the mercy of the hire traders, and if a compromise 
is offered I should think the best course is to accept it. What is 
your view, Mr. Hall? 

Mr. Hall: I am afraid I have not a leg to stand upon as to 
defending the case. I wrote to the Editor of the Gazette asking 
him certain questions which I thought pertinent to the subject, 
and he very courteously replied as follows :—** We are inclined 
to think that the hirer’s claim against a third party would stand, 
even if the hirer signing the agreement be a minor. You can 
only see or procure a certified copy of the agre2ment at your own 
expense, The agreement must be signed by the hirer, but need 
not be stamped unless the amonnt involved exceeds £5. As to 
proseeuting the woman, we can hardly advise. It was only an 
attempt to get money, and the defendant would probably be let 
off at most on payment of costs. That would give publicity to the 
ease, but would not harm the woman more than the fright she has 
already received.” From that, pawnbrokers would seem to be 
entirely at the mercy of the hire traders. If a demand is made upon 
them they have nothing to do Int to return the article on such terms, 
if any, as are offered by the trader, It is simplicity itself, but 10 
is not satisfactory. Some of these cases are very instructive. 
These goods are placed apparently in the hands of anybody. !t 
does not matter who the hire trader deals with, heeause if the 
instalments fail he can reclaim the goods. In one of my cases 








— ts we eee 


wae) eve on 


~ 


ae ee Pe eT ee Nie me a cape, we ne ee Oe 


Poe een ______ The Journal of Domestic Appliancés 





Noy. i, 1898. 





1s. has been paid upon a watch, and it was pledged the same day 
that the pledger received it. That looks very like a deliberate 
design to make money by fraud rather than to buy a watch for 
legitimate uses. In that case the hire trader gains nothing, the 
pledger gains 15s. or 16s., and the pawnbroker loses. But it seems 
extraordinary that the pledger should have sent the ticket up to 
London, with the result that an immediate demand was made for 
the watch. Now, I do not care twopence about the 25 per cent., 
but my idea from the first in bringing the matter before the Associa- 
tion was to see if anything can be done to discourage the practice of 
pledging goods obtained on the hire-purchase system. As far as 
the hire traders are concerned, they cannot very well lose anything, 
and they put their things indiscriminately into the hands of all 
sorts of people, knowing very well that their charges are so great 
that, if they get paid for one watch, they make a good profit on 
three. As I have before stated, I feel that there is no ground on 
which to defend the case, and the only course open is to settle 
the third case in the way agreed as to my other two, namely, to 
accept the offer made. But the question before us, as I understand 
it, is, are we to prosecute the pawners ? 

The President : Then it is understood that all the cases, so far 
as the hire trader is concerned, are to be settled on the terms 
offered. 

Councillor Costelloe said that what they had to consider now 
was the proposal by Mr. Hall to advertise in the press that 
pledgers of hired goods would be prosecuted. 

Mr. Hall said that he thought an advertisement to that effect 
would have a deterrent influence. It would let persons know 
who were ignorant that they had no right to do so, and that 
they were doing an illegal act; it would probably intimidate 
another class. 

Mr. Robson: Mr. Hall has a clear case of a woman who only 
paid 1s. on the article and who pledged it the same day. Might 
it not be well to proceed against her and show in the Court how 
these things are forced upon people. 

The President : You probably would not get a chance of going 
very deeply into that, and if you did, the only result would be to 
arouse sympathy for the pledger. 

Mr. Robson: Well, we might get at the agents, who, I suppose, 
ought to have hawker’s licences or plate licences. We have 
members of the Council on both sides of the water here—can we 
not induce the Watch Committee to depute plain clothes men to 
keep a watch for them and bring them up if they have not got 
hawker’s licences ? 

It was agreed that the Watch Committee of Newcastle and 
Gateshead should be moved in the matter. 

Mr Hall said that, if they took action against the pledger, it 
would not be vindictively, but merely to show the public that 
they must not attempt to pledge hired goods. 

The President: I Dales not do so in cases that have been 
compromised. 

Councillor Costelloe : I do not see that a compromise between 
the pawnbroker and the trade has anything to do with the illegal 
act of the pledger, and we want to deter people from bringing 
these hired goods to us. 

Mr. Robson: My idea is that we have such a clear case here 
that we ought to proceed. 

Mr. Hall: There are four clear cases—three of pledging, and 
one of attempted pledging. 

The President : Lam not im favour of prosecuting in these 
particular cases, and I do not think prosecuting would stop the 
practice. I think we should wait until we get a bigger and more 
Important case. 

Mr. Hall: It would diminish the practice. : 

Mr. Robson proposed that further consideration of the subject 
should be adjourned until the next meeting. 

Mr. Slater seconded the resolution, which was agreed to. 

The President said that pawnbrokers were not the only people 
who suffered from the hire-purchase system. The jewellers and 
watchmakers were equally alive to the eyils of that system of 
trading, and they wanted to join with the pawnbrokers in the 
crusade against them. He had a letter from the Chairman of the 
National Retail Jewellers’ Association, which read as follows :— 
“From the Pawnbrokers’ Gazette kindly sent to me by Mr. 
Thomas Field, I am glad to see that you are manifesting so much 
interest and taking such a firm stand 7¢ the question of the hire 
purchase system for watches, &c. The National Retail Jewelers’ 
Association is shortly to hold its annual meeting, date and place 
for which has not been fixed. If you think we should be 
thoroughly well supported in Newcastle by the local jewellers, the 
Council might be disposed to hold the meeting there. Do you yet 
belong to our Association, and what is your opinion on the subject ? 
I should be glad to have your views.” 

Mr. Hall: There is no doubt the question is occupying the 
attention of jewellers quite as much as pawnbrokers. I will read 
a letter I have received from the secretary of the National Retail 
Jewellers’ Association. It is as follows :—“Thanks for youra 
received this morning, you seem to be very heavily handicapped 
in the north. If you can get a few jewellers to join you, I will 
guarantee, with their assistance, to clear them—the hire agents— 
every one out in time. JI have done so in other towns. 
I made the experiment. in my own, and, although only 
a small one, you would he astonished at the difference 
it has made to me and my co-traders. I am sure I sell 
double the number of watches. You will see in our rules we look 
upon the pawnbrokers as legitimate jewellers. I stated at my 
first general meeting I was only too proud to be associated with 
them, and the feeling on the board was unanimous. There are 
upwards of 5,000 of you that deal in watches and jewellery, and 
united in this cause our power would be immense, Our president 
and vice-presidents are men of influence, and we can go to the 
House of Commons immediately on its assem) y withany grievance 


we may formulate. I have the Inland Revenue in such a comer 
that an alteration is bound to be made. We must get the plate 
licence under the supervision of the police. Then we can get at 
the hawkers and agents. You will be glad to hear that all the 
cream of the manufacturers are coming over to our cause as 
honorary members,” Xe. 

The President: It is quite evident that the jewellers are in 
earnest, and as deeply interested as we are, As to their holding 
their annual meeting in Neweastle, that is a matter for them to 
decide. I, as a pawnbroker, do not feel qualified to express my 
opinion, and I shall write suggesting that they should com- 
municate with one of their own trade, who would be in a better 
position to say whether they would obtain cordial support here. 
The subject of the hire-purchase system is a national question, 
and one that I think sheuld come before the National Pawnbrokers’ 
Association, and I am strongly of opinion that pawnbrokers and 
jewellers acting in concert will represent very considerable power. 
My impression is that we should communicate with our National 
Association, enclosing a copy of the letter in which the jewellers’ 
overtures are made, and suggest to them the desirability of 
appointing a deputation to attend the jewellers’ meeting and 
decree measures whereby pawnbrokers and jewellers may act 
unitedly in the common cause. This is all we can do—to make 
this-suggestion and leave it to the National to adopt it or other- 
wise as their wisdom may guide them. Pawnbrokers are affected 
as the jewellers are in their sales shops, and they are likewise 
affected in their pledge departments. There is no doubt in my 
mind that they can work together, and that the ultimate result 
will be better and quicker if both the trades concerned unite for 
the common end. Whatever will benefit the pawnbrokers will 
directly or indirectly benefit the jewellers, and whatever will 
benefit the jewellers will be of advantage to the pawnbrokers. 
Therefore, I think it would be well if both trades, through their 
National Associations, could arrive at an agreed course of action, 
and then, shoulder to shoulder, fight the common foe. 

It was resolved that Counci!lor Costelloe should write to the 
National Association in the terms suggested by the president, 
placing before them the desirability of sending a deputation to the 
Jewellers’ Association annual meeting, with the view of courting 
joint action in the matter. 

The meeting shortly afterwards concluded. 








THE PLATE LICENCE QUESTION. 


At the Worcester City Police Court, last month, Henry Hodges, 
Middle Road, was summoned for dealing in plate without a licence, at 
Worcester, on August 25th, 

Mr. John Walters, Supervisor of Excise, prosecuted on behalf of the 
Crown, and Mr. A.J. Beauchamp defended. Mr. W. W. A. Tree 
watched the proceedings on behalf of the Worcester Branch of the 
National Jewellers’ Association. 

Mr. Walters, in opening the case, said that it was brought under the 
30 and 31 Vict., chap. 9o, sections 1 and 3, which provided that persons 
selling plate without a proper Crown licence were liable to a fine not 
exceeding £50. A person who either solicited or received orders for 
jewellery was likewise liable to a heavy fine. Mr. Walters said the 
offence had been detected through the complaint of the Worcester 
branch of the National Jewellers’ Association. Hodges had been 
going about acting as an agent fora local firm, and was in the habit of 
dealing in plate, and had sold a watch to a person for £2 2s. Mr. 
Walters was proceeding to enter into the moral aspect of the case, when 

Mr. Beauchamp objected. The offence had been admitted, and it 
was no use introducing outside matter into the case. 

Mr. Walters said it had a great deal to do with the case. There 
were companies in the city and country who were in the habit of send- 
ing out circulars. 

The Chairman. We don’t want anything outside this case brought 
before us. 

Mr. Walters agreed. He, however, wished to point out that great 
wealthy companies in the country were in the habit of promoting these 
agencies by forming clubs, to which some 20,003 people belonged. 
There were several thousand persons dealing with watches and plate 
without licences, thereby defrauding the Crown of either £2 6s. or 
45 15s. each year. He hoped the magistrates would look at the 
magnitude of the offence. The Legislature had looked upon the dealing 
in plate without a licence as a very serious offence, as was apparent by 
the Leavy maximum fine of £50. Hodges had been dealing in watches 
fully knowing the penalty. 

Mr. Beauchamp: I deny that Hodges was dealing in watches fully 
knowing the penalty. 

Mr. Walters, continuing, hoped the Bench would inflict a heavy fine, 
so as to deter other people from dealing in watches and plate. 

Mr. Beauchamp commented upon the plan adopted by the prosecu- 
tion for entrapping the defendant, but i 

Mr. Walters objected. s 

Mr. Beauchamp claimed that he was entitled to go into the case in 
addressing the Bench on behalf of his client. The prosecution had been 
instigated by the Jewellers’ Association in Worcester, anda member 
of the association had instructed a fellow workman in the same factory 
as defendant to buy a watch under the club system from the defendant. 

Mr. Tree took excep ion to this and said he could not allow any 
accusation to be made against anybody he represented unless evidence 
was to be given. : 

Mr. Beauchamp said the complainant had stated that the defendant 
had been solicited for the watch, and when it was obtained it was taken 
to the supervisor. That was the plan adopted. The clubsystem was 
in operation throughout England, and licences were not taken out. 

The Bench decided to convict, and defendant was fined £2 2s., 
including costs. 

ANOTHER CASE. 

At the Narberth Petty Sessions, recently, before Mr. R. H. Buckby 
(Chairman), Mr. R. Ward, Mr. H. S. Allen, and Mr. G. P. Brewer, Mr. 
W. Byron, supervisor of Excise, charged Henry Cunnick, of Lampeter- 











Nov. 1, 1895: ahd Sewing Machine Gazette. ig 


CGCAUTIONYS. 


Ci bereas in an action brought in the High 
Court of Justice (Chancery Division) by THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY against a firm who offered for sale 
Sewing Machines not made by JHE SINGER MANUFAC- 
TURING COMPANY as “\Improved Singer Machines” and 
- “______’g Improved Singer Machines,” Mr. Justice Romer 
gave judgment in favour of THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY and restrained the defendants from using the 
trade name “Singer” in any way calculated to deceive, 


And fulyeress rye singer MANUFACTURING 


COMPANY have received from numerous dealers who have 
also wrongfully used their trade name “Singer” apologies. 
and undertakings not to again use the name in a manner’ 
calculated to deceive, and have paid damages and 


costs, 


Notice is hereby given that THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY will proceed against all persons using 
their trade name “Singer” contrary to the said judgment 


of Mr. Justice Rome? or otherwise wrongfully, 


GILBERT D. WANSBROUGH, 
6, Old Change, London, E.C. 
Solicitor to The Singer Manufacturing Company. 





bio aos AVG Peto a sc aR se a y 
20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Nov. 1, 1895. 


Velfrey, with selling silver goods without a licence. Mr. Byron, in 
stating /his case, said he bought a silver albert chain for 12s. 6d. from 
defendant, and produced the receipt-——Mr. W. Howell, Llanelly, 
appeared for Messrs. Kayes, Worcester, on behalf of defendant, for 
whom he was agent.—Mr. Howell said defendant, in selling the goods, 
was ignorant ‘that a licence was required. He kept nothing back 
from the officer, and, under the circumstances, if they thought that a 
fine should be inflicted it should be the smallest possible coin. He had 
since the offence taken out a licence. 
17s. 5d. costs. —Same v. William Lawrence, Ball’s Castle, St. Issells— 
Mr. Byron said he bought a silver albert chain for 16s. from defendant, 
and produced the receipt.—Witness had traced defendant to be selling 
for eight years, which was a loss to the Revenue of over £18.—Mr. 
» John Roberts, who anpeared for defendant, said he sold in ignorance 
that a licence was required, otherwise he would not have sold to the 
officer, as he knew him. Since the offence he had thrown up the 


agency. Defendant was fined 6d., and 17s. 5d. costs, and was ordered 
to pay for a licence. 

























































































The Singer Company’s Blandford depot is now con- 
trolled by the Portsmouth office. 


Mr. E. Hill has removed his bassinette showroom from 
2, Arcade, to 38, Broad Street, Reading. - ; 


Mr. W. H. Howard has just put down machinery at his 
premises, The Cycleries, 42, Broad Street, Wokingham, 
for the repair of cycles. 


a 


* . 
The first sewing machine factory in Switzerland has 
been started at Lucerne, under the title, ‘‘ Schweizerische 
Nahmaschinen Fabrik.”’ 


The Wheeler & Wilson Manufacturing Company have 
just been awarded a gold medal and diploma for their 
machines exhibited at the Belfast Exhibition. 


Messrs. W. Chandler & Co., jewellers and dealers in 
cycles, prams, and domestic machines, have removed 
from Chapel Street to 78, Fore Street, Redruth. 


Mr. C. J. Griffith, of the Nor’-West Stores, Harlesden, 
has been written up by the Razlway Supplies’ Fournal, 
and his stock of sewing and washing machines com- 
mended. 


Messrs. J. J. Cartwright & Co., of Pride Hill Cham- 
bers, Shrewsbury, “ the largest retail dealers in coal in the 
country,” are starting a domestic machinery and cycle 
department. 


* & 


John Payne, aged 20, described as a perambulator 
maker, has just been sent to prison for five months for 
stealing, with assault, eightpence from the person of 
R. J. Green, just after midnight. 

* * 


* 

At the annual general meeting of the Harrison Patent 
Knitting Machine Company, Limited, held on the arst 
ult., a dividend of 6 per cent. per annum on the prefer- 
ence shares and 10 per cent. per annum on the ordinary 
shares was declared. 


- 2 


Mr. Charles Bradbury, who for many years has repre- 
sented Messrs. Grimme, Natalis, & Co. in this country, 
has resigned his position as from the end of the present 
month. All communications as to new business should 
in future be addressed Grimme, Natalis, & Co., 
Brunswick. 


zn 


= 
Mr. George Lamb, who for upwards of eighteen years 
was with the Singer Company, latterly superintendent 
at Kirkcaldy, has resigned his position, and has opened an 
agency at 5, Antigua Street, Edinburgh, and will be 
pleased to make arrangements to represent domestic 
machinery firms. 


Bhe Singer Manufacturing Company have just. re- 
arranged their West of England districts. Mr. M. j. 
Woodard, late manager of Plymouth district, has been 
given charge of the Bristol district, in addition to his old 
territory, with a central office at Bristol. 


* * 


Mr. A. Wear, of Regent Circus, Swindon, has been 
compelled to take the premises adjoining his old shop in 
order the better to display his stock of sewing and washing 
machines, prams. jewellery, furniture, pianos, &. From 


Defendant was fined Is. and - 


| as follows :—‘ The 





this it will be rightly inferred that Mr. Wear finds his 


business increasing. 
Led 


Mr. C. W. Davis. managing director of the Williams 
Sewing Machine Company, Montreal and Plattsburg, 
U.S.A., is now on a visit to this country, and will be 
visiting the Continent for a few days with Mr. R. J. 
Johns, the agent-general for the company. Mr. Davis 
says the ‘‘ New Williams” machine has come to stay in 
Europe. 


-~ * 


* 

The Petit Bleu du Matin recently had an article 
describing and illustrating the premises of Messieurs 
Gustave Story & Cie, of 133, Boulevard du Nord, 
Brussels. This firm are agents for the Vertical Feed 
Sewing Machine Company, and have, we are assured by 
Visitors, the finest showrocms for cycles and sewing 
machines on the Continent. 


ne * 


Mr. Charles Bradbury has been engaged to take a 
business trip to North Africa and India on behalf of the 
White Sewing Machine Company, and starts on his 
journey early in December. Mr. Bradbury will no doubt 
find his linguistic attainments of great advantage in his 
new sphere, not forgetting his large experience in foreign 


travelling in former years. 
ee 


* 

A paragraph has been going the rounds of the press, 
sewing machine manufacturing 
industry in Sweden is developing very rapidly. Already 
the imports of German-made machines have been lowered, 
and it is considerec by many that it will not be long before 
sewing machines no longer appear in the list of articles 
imported intoSweden.” This statement must be taken 
with a large grain of salt. 


x € 


Mr. John Harrop, of Manchester, has issued a note to 
the following effect :—‘‘ Should anyone call upon you to 
collect my account, or cash a cheque, or in any way to 
obtain money from you by using my name, the same is 
not authorised by me, and you will act upon your own 
responsibility if you take any notice of such. All moneys 
due to me, as mentioned on my statements, must be 
remitted direct, and not paid to anyone calling.” 

* * 


The Singer Company’s Leicester and Northampton 
Territories have now been amalgamated under the 
control of Leicester. The Northampton offices are now dis- 
tributed as follows:—Under Leicester—Northampton, 
Wellingborough, Rugby. Bedford, Daventry, Newport, 
Pagnell, and Rushden. 
St. Albans, and Leighton Buzzard. Under Norwich— 
Hitchen, Hertford, and Hoddesdon. 


* 

Mr. R. J. Johns writes us from 44, Farringdon Street, 
E.C., as follows :—‘‘ What’sin a name? Not very much 
sometimes, but there is a lot in the ‘New Williams’ 
sewing machine for any dealer to talk about when com- 
paring it with any other and competing for the trade. 
There are more selling points in the ‘ New Williams’ than 
anyone can imagine who has not seen it, and those dealers 
who have seen it lose no time in securing the agency 
for their district, as anyone with half an eye can see it is 
the best machine, and gives the dealer greater advantage 
than any other.”’ 


The Bankruptey Acts, 1883 and 1390. 








IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE. 
In BANKRUPTCY. No. 1053 of 1895. 





Re RODERICK MACINTOSH, of 1, The Pavement, 
Upton Park. . 

I, John Belcher Allpass, of 25, Queen’s Parade, 
Clapham Junction, hereby give notice that I have been 
duly appointed and certified by the Board of Trade as 
Trustee of the Estate of the above-named Bankrupt. 

All persons having in their possession any of the 
effects of the Bankrupt must deliver them to me, and all 
debts due to the Bankrupt must be paid to me. 

Creditors who have not yet proved their Debts must 
forward their proofs of Debts tome. 

JOHN BE CHER AL‘PASS. 


Under Western C.O.—Luton, © 


RETIRE Si PARA AS Hoo rin ge 4 








Sed Ba TES 





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; 


Ath TOG and Sewing Machine Gazette, om 


Startling Reductions in Prices to Dealers } 


Lists in Preparation. Enquiries Invited. 
COSSSSSSSSSSSHSSSSSSHSSSHSHHS GHOHHHHHOHOHO HH OOOOHOHOOODHOOOD 











Showing Bobbin in Position, REVOLVING SHUTTER BOX. Showing Bobbin Out 


For Accessories and Attachments. 















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































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PaaeliGavenr fon a: 







WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING Co., 


6 to 11, PAUL STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON, E.C. 





KS 
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NT? Com ee ene 


22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances ' 


Nov. i, 1895. 





Failures and Arrangements. 


RUFUS BERRY, washing and wringing machine maker, 
58, Enfield Street, and Union Works, Marley Street, 
Keighley. a 

A first dividend of 4s. is now being paid at the 

Trustee’s, 5, Temple Street, Keighley. 

GEORGE SIMPSON, jeweller, watch and clock im- 
porter, and sewing machine dealer, Market Square, 
Pontypridd. : 

The above has been adjudicated bankrupt. Liabilities 
£1,182 8s. 6d. ; assets, after deducting preferential claims, 

£199 11s. 7d. Among the creditors are Messrs. J. G. 

Murdoch & Co., Limited, for £229 7s. 11d., and Messrs. 

Seidel & Naumann for £27 14s. 

ARTHUR LUSHER, sewing machine agent, 10, 
Stanley Street, Gainsborough, 

An administration order was granted herein on 

October 9th. 

JOHN SEAMAN, 57, New Street, Alma Street, and 
SAMUEL ROGERS, 43, Nelson Road, Witton 
Road, trading as John Seaman & Co., mail cart 
and bassinette manufacturers, 55-57, New Street, 
Alma Street, all Aston Justa, Birmingham. 

A receiving order was granted in the above on 

September 12th, and the debtors adjudicated bankrupt 

on September 18th. 


DAVID PENNINGTON, furniture dealer, 2, Atherton 
Street, St. Helens. 

A deed of arrangement, dated September 25th, was 
filed on September 30th in the above, whereby the 
debtor agrees to pay a sumiof £5 10s. weekly for twenty- 
six weeks, commencing October 3rd, and £5 weekly after 
such period until all the creditors are paid in full, these 
payments being secured by assignment of the estate. The 
liabilities are given at £390, andassets £1,837. Among 
thecreditorsare Messrs. G. H. Wells & Co., Birmingham, 
for £11, and Messrs. W.Summerscales & Sons, Keigh- 
ley, for £19. 
GEORGE H. HEDGES, domestic machine and 

perambulator dealer, 51, Norfolk Square, and 30, 
Gladstone Street, Brighton. 

A second and final dividend of 23d. is now being paid 
in the above at the Official Receiver’s, Brighton. 
CHARLES WIGHTMAN, cycle and sewing machine 

agent, Leicester. 

The public examination of this bankrupt was held at 
the Leicester Bankruptcy Court on the oth inst. The 
statement of affairs filed by the debtor disclosed liabilities 
amounting to £219, and assets 2z/. Replying to ques- 
tions put by the Official Receiver the debtor stated that 
he had lost money through not being able to dispose of 
his stock of cycles during the season for which they were 
made. He had also made losses through letting cycles 
out on hire, and through people obtaining machines from 
him by means of false pretences. The furniture at his 
house belonged to his mother. He had a wife and seven 
children to support, and at present he had no income, 
but his friends were assisting him. The debtor was 
eventually allowed to pass his examination. 


ALBERT KERFOOT, house furnisher and dealer in 
cycles and domestic machinery, 18, Lime Street, 
Preston. 

A deed of arrangement. has been registered in the 
above, the composition being 15s. in the pound, payable 
by four equal instalments, at four, eight, twelve, and 
eighteen months from October 2nd, 1895 ; the last two 
payments secured by a surety, and the whole by 
assignment upon trust, &c. Trustee, James Todd, 12, 
Winckley Street, Preston, accountant (October sth; 
filed October rith). Liabilities: Secured and partly 











secured, £850; unsecured, £1,903 2s. 9d. Assets, 
£1,159 58. z 
ALLEGED ASSAULT BY A BRANCH 


MANAGER, 

At the Sunderland County Court, on the 26th ult., an 
agent named Wm. Bowey, residing in Villiers Street, 
Sunderland, claimed £10 from Samuel Hodgkiss, local 
manager for Jones’ Sewing Machine Company, in respect 
of alleged assault and false imprisonment. Mr. J 
Marshall appeared for plaintiff, who stated that on the 
23rd August last he waited upon the. defendant in the 


firm’s premises for the purpose of receiving certain money 
due to him. Defendant offered to pay 18s. 14d., deciding 
at the same time t> leave the question of some com- 
mission in abeyance. After complainant had signed an 
official receipt for the money Hodgkiss demanded that he 
should also sign an official receipt note which iter alia 
stipulated that all renumeration terminated directly 
Bowey's employment should cease. The latter declined to 
do as requested, believing that the signing of the paper 
would forfeit his claim to certain commission already due 
to him. The defendant thereupon seized Bowey by the 
collar and locked him up in a room for nearly half an 
hour. Mr. Osborne, of Shields (solicitor to the Newcastle 
Branch of the H.T.P.A.), appeared for the defendant, who 
denied the assault, and especially the imprisonment. 
His Honour found for the plaintiff for £5. 





USEFUL DOMESTIC APPLIANCES. 

We have just been testing several new domestic appli- 
ances, and among them was Lundberg’s “ Washing 
Knuckles.” This little patent scarcely needs description, 
as our illustrations clearly show its shape and the method 
of using the apparatus. The balls are made of solid 





'S PATENT 
& KRUCKLES” |. 





rubber, each of them revolving independently of the others, 
and as the apparatus retails at 1s. 9d., it is beyond 
doubt much more economical than brushes. We 
found that there .are real advantages gained 





by using the “‘ Washing Knuckles,” and recommend out 
readers to stock a few as a cash line. The manufacturer 
is Mr. A. P. Lundberg, of Bradbury Street, Kingsland, 
London, N. : 
s 
The Clauss Shear Company is one of the largest concerns 
in the States, with a London address at 34. Snow Hill. 
We have recently tested several of their itiventionsand with 
satisfactory results: One of their best-known lines is cut- 












Mi 
Mis. 





SI 









































































































































lery, of which we show two bread and one lemon knives. 
It will be observed that the knives have serrated edges, 
and it is astonishing how cleanly and easily they work 
compared to the old style. f 


Nov. 1, 18957 





Another useful appliance is the “Electric Cleaner,” which 


is shown in two positions, viz., flat, its normal shape, and 
curved, which is brought about by pressing the handle. 





From this it will be understood that the scraper is of 


pliable steel, and thus it can be used to clean kitchen 
utensils of almost any shape, aud with truly remarkable 
rapidity. 

This company manufacture a number of other useful 
appliances, but we have only space to refer to their 
“Victor ’ chopper. This is a capital little patent, to retail 





at 3s., which does six times the work of the ordinary 
chopper. It should certainly be in every household as a 
substitute for a mincing-knife or chopper. 


aa 





As many as seventy pianos a week are the present 
output of the Spencer Factory. 

“ reas 

Messrs. E. Hirsch & Co., of Hatton Garden, have 
issued a new catalogue of pianos and organs, which is 
very comprehensive. 

ss 
_ Messrs. Story & Clark are now located in their new 
premises at 70, Berners’ Street, W., where a large assort- 
ment of organs and pianos can be inspected. 

as * 

Messrs. Jarrett & Goodge, the well-known piano 
manufacturers, are now located at 135, Mare Street, 
Hackney, which are larger premises than the firm had 
formerly. 


~* 

Mr. H. D. Cable, of the Chicago Cottage Organ 
Company, has, in the course of an interview with the 
Indicator, replied, when asked why American pianos 
were not selling abroad :— ‘Because we are not 
making the piano suitable for the foreign trade, 
The American people are very different from the 
English peopie. Our tastes and our requirements 
are so different that a piano made for home 
consumption would not do for the Eurnpean trade. The 
foreigner wants a piano different in tone and in construc- 
tion. Forinstance, a Frenchinan would not be satisfied 
with a piano that did not have a light tone. The 
Englishman has his likes also. They would not look on 
the American instrument in the right light. They would 
haye to be educated up to our standard. That would 
take time and money, and it would be folly to attempt 
this when, by manufacturing a special piano, their tastes 
could be gratified at once and the market be ready for our 
coming. The American factory is so much better 
equipped with machinery, and is so much better 
organised, that we can produce a better instrument 
at’ a less cost. When we reach that ~ point 
where the English appreciate our product we shall have 
easy progress. The strongest logic is the logic of analogy. 
That is generally admitted. How many things do we now 
furnish the English people ? We sell them their organs, 
and the American watches and clocks are sold in large 
quantities in Great Britain, and that, too, in spite of the 
low labour over there. The American factories are 
organised on such a broad basis, and machinery is so 
largely used and is so perfect here, that we can produce 
with our higher-priced labour an article at a less cost than 
they can produce it. If we can compete with the 








and Sewing Machine Gazette, 23 


Fe eS SS 

English manufacturer in other articles of commerce, why 
cannot we compete with him in pianos? Machine work 
enters so largely into the manufacture of musical instru- 
ments that it will enable us to compete, with the 
advantages on our side. The case-work is always an 
important part of the expense in the making of pianos 
and organs, and hand labour being more largely used 
there than on this side of the water, you will understand 
why we can secure advantages that these English piano- 
makers cannot secure. And so with the action. Our 
superior mechanical facilities give us an immediate 
advantage.” 

‘* Where would be the cheapening ?”’ 

“Tn the cost of lumber and our superior machine work 
against their hand labour. Then we turn out large quan 
tities of instruments, which enable us to reduce the cost 
of production to the minimum. These facilities naturally 
reduce the expense of production. They apply equally 
as well to pianos as to organs, watches, clocks, and other 
articles. Take the English manufacturers as a whole, 
and they cannot come up to our standard in this respect. 
We would have to produce a good musical instrument 
for a special trade. We would have to make just what 
the people call for. - But I perhaps ought to admit that, 
as a musical instrument, this special piano would be below 
the standard of the American piano, because, as I have 
already said, the English people would not appreciate the 
American piano as it is to-day, and would not pay the 
price asked for it. But this special piano would be fully 
equal, and, in some respects, superior, to the English 
piano of the same grade.”’ 

“Why is it that the American requires a better 
piano than the Englishman ?”’ 

‘“ Why do we dress better? It is because the Ameri 
can wants the best of everything. The Englishman 
especially the middle classes of the English, are easier 
satisfied than the American. Granted that this is a trait 
that ought to be cultivated by the American people, yet 
the fact remains incontroverted. The Englishman is a 
closer buyer. He does not want to buy an article that 
costs him dear when a cheaper will serve his purpose just 
as well. He does not spend his money so freely. The 
American wants the best cigars, the best clothes, the 
best of everything. The same trait is reflected in the 
piano trade. The American manufacturer who enters 
the English field must, therefore, reproduce the English 
piano in order to successfully compete with the English 
maker. It won’t pay to educate them up to our plane. 
And we could reproduce that piano and lay it down in 
London at a less cost than the. English manufacturer 
can make it, simply because we have better machinery 
and a finer organisation of forces in our factories.’’ 








How Soap SorrEns STEEL.-~ The steel manufacturer is subjected 
to some rather singular annoyances at the hands of his customers. For 
example, the other day, says Jronmongery, a manufacturer received a 
complaint from a firm which uses a good deal of his steel that there 
was something wrong with the last consignment sent, inasmuch as the 
men asserted it was soft. This surprised the manufacturer, as large 
quantities of the same steel had given satisfaction elsewhere, and he 
himself went to investigate the matter. He was still more surprised 
when he found that the steel was soft after heating and submersion 
in the usual bath. The blacksmith before whom he made the test, 
and the other workmen standing round, took no pains to hide th ir 
enjoyment of the expert's discomfiture. ‘ You sce it is soft,’” said the 
blacksmith, with a grin, and for a moment the manufacturer was at a 
loss what more todo. Then an idea struck him. ‘Is this bath all 
right?” he asked, and without waiting for an answer, he plunged his 
hand into the trough and fished up a good-sized lump of soap. No 
stec] will harden ina soapy bath, and the mystery was at anend. Of 
course, the blacksmith who had played the trick was discharged, and 
he confessed that a rival manufacturer of steei had given hima ten- 
pound note to put the soap in the bath. 


PETER McKENNA & Co,, 


MARSH LANE, BOOTLE) 
Mangle Roller Makers. 








Best American Sycamore Rollers, Roughed and 
Bored, always in Stock. 


FINISHED ROLLERS FROM 6/- A PATR. 


+ sR rhe > Pas” at) ane Bm gens; piled 2 Bek «ik ake ¥i, Eber aR a ee c 
The Journal of Domestic Appliances; : ; Nov. 1, 15, q 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON APPLICATION, AND INSPECTION INVITED 





PAPAL LIAIL LILO ILI OI I IL IIL II 


THE BELL ORGAN & PIANO COMPANY, LTD., 
49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, E.C. 


HARROP’S 
DOUBLE RALEIGH CAR. 


Provisional Patent No. 11,203. 
The Most Improved Combination in the Market. 


BABY for this 
CARRIAGE 


Combination 
AND 


MAIL GART 
COMBINED. 


far exceeds 
any previous 
Sale. 








| All Dealers 
should handle 








this. 
Convertible to Lists sent 
3 Positions. = 
Application. 


55, TIB- STREET (of OLDHAM STREET), 


WEAINT CELE: STE. Ee. 

















46, fee STREET, BIRIMINGEH AW. 2 


The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 













Nov. 1, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. : 25 
TH E 
eer SFHOSSHSSSS SCH OSSHSSHSSSOSOHOSOOSOOOOO4 


SPECIAL FEATURES. 


The “ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for the 
Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied toany but bona-fide Hire- 
Purchase Dealers. 

The “ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very best 
materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on the Hire 
System. 

The Rollers of the ‘“ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering of 
Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft and 
cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The “ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

T ensiderine the quality of the materials used, the “HOUSEHOLD ” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market. 


a ee 


This Machine is now fitted with BRASS BEARINGS 
without extra charge. 


QUALITY AND FINISH UNEQUALLED. 





A few SOLE AGENTS required in Districts where not represented. Full 
particulars on application. 


AMERICAN WRINGER CO, 


122, Southwark Street, LONDON, SE. 


PRAM TYRES. 


We have a large Stock of TYRES 


ready for delivery, in } in., %in., and 2in. 


for Wheels 12 in. to26 in. Price 10d. Ib. 
28 Ib. lots at 9d. 


Send size of wheels when ordering. 


TYRE CEMENT, Ex'ra Quality, 9d. Ib. 


OIL. 





GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


The most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
e Glove Knitter in the Market. 


















SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER, 


For all kinds of Garments, with special 
automatic attachments, 


BIERNATZKI & CO., 


118, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 








THE NEW 


PREMIER KNITTER, 


With Patent Locks, is the Best Machine 


For making Seamtess stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, and other 
4 oz. Bottles mee 24s. Od. per gross | Garments in kibbedor Plain." 
91 5 Thou:ands of Ladies are earning good Incomes at their own homes by 
yas OZ. Syste 18s. Od. using this Machine. ‘ 
2 ay ” Prices, Samples, and oth-r information on application to 


LOZ os, we TOsaeGdey E, ROTHWELL, 1,3, & 6, Market St., Bolton, 


Agents Wanted where not represented. 





NOTICE THESE CHEAP LINES OF 


ww RrRinGcEeyR Ss. 
“STAR,” Iron Frame, 10 in., 8s 6d.; 11 
ms 10s. >. 12 int dts Gd: 
Champion, Iron Frame, 12 in., 11s. 6d. ; 


14in., 14s.; 16 inj 16s. eS eed dua, 2 

: : efore our next issue is due the Stanle ow will be 

Royal, Wood Frame, 10 in., 9s. 6d. ; 12 in., | over, opening as it does on the 22nd, ana clegae on the 
12s. 6d. 3oth inst. We understand from Mr. Lamb, the secretary, 

that this will be one of the best shows ever held, and that 
there will be several decided novelties. Among the 
London Agents for TAYLOR & WILSON'S latter is the Simpson chain, which is sure to attract great 
Celebrated MANGLES. attention, and a collection of motor-driven carriages and 
cycles. In the gallery will be exhibited a number of 
sewing machines, and on the ground floor the Star 
Manufacturing Company will, as last year, make a fine 


THE AMERICAN WRINGER 60,, display of perambulators and mail-carts. 


122, SOUTHWARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. They are now using rims of papier-maché in the 


States. 

















26 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances. 


Nov. 1, 1895. 





The Pneumatic Tyre Company will exhibit at the 
National Show a new form of valve, which is said to be 


free from the usual objections. 
iain 


Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, also the Vertical- 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, are exhibiting cycles 
at the National Show, Crystal Palace. 

*« 8 


A wooden saddle is the latest thing inthe States. The 
base is wood, and this is covered with green cow-hide, 
and finished with superior leather, 


A brake which is fastened to the middle of the top 
tube, and which acts on the chain wheel, has been 
brought out in Germany ; it can also be used as a steering 
lock. 


The St. George’s Engineering Company are only paying 
half the dividend they declared last year—s per cent.— 
for reasons not unconnected with their recent law-suit 
against Mr. Kent. 


«= 


The Cycle Trader, in its list of improvements wanted 
or 1896, includes, we are pleased to note, a head-clip 
which will maintain the handle-bar at right angles to the 


front wheel. 
«+ 


The Victoria Manufacturing Company, of Hanover 
Street, Glasgow, are introducing “‘ self-suspending ” pulley 
blocks, whichcan be attached to the ceiling, so that cycles 
can be raised out of the way either in private houses or 
in cycle shops or depots. 


Of course, other inventors will be encouraged to work 
the chain motion for all it is worth. Mr. Harford, of 
South Shields, well known locally as a cycle and sewing- 
machine dealer, has already entered the lists, and claims 
to reduce the friction between the chain and the wheel- 
teeth about 50 per cent. 


* oe 


Mr. H. S. Roberts, the well-known cycle manufacturer 
of Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, informs us that he will 
exhibit his machines at the National Show, and hopes to 
see many of his old customers, in addition to opening 
new accounts, either for out-and-out sale or on Roberts’s 
easy-payment system, whereby he takes all the risk. 

s 6 


s 

We referred last month to the Simpson chain, which is 
being exploited in a rather mysterious way. We hear, 
however, that it will see the light of day at the forthcom- 
ing Stanley Show. In the meantime the financial 
arrangements are being completed. The Foreign and 
Canadian Company has a capital, we are informed, of one 
million sterling. Never, probably, was an invention so 
theoretically stupid, and yet command so much support 
from investors. As to its practical value we will say 
nothing at present, as no person is permitted to test it. 








CELEBRATING THE “ ROVER.” 


Last month Mr. J. K. Starley, the inventor of the 
“ Rover,” celebrated the tenth anniversary of the inven- 
tion of this, the first, ‘‘ safety ” by entertaining a number 
of his friends at a banquet. 

Mr. Shipton, in proposing the toast of the evening, 
said that the ‘‘ Rover” was the first rear-driving machine 
constructed on rational lines. It was not a happy accident ; 
it had been well thought out before being placed on the 
market, a fact which was proved by the principle being 
now exactly as when first introduced, It was, in short, 
correct in principle, and had undergone very few modifi- 
cations, and it was marvellous that, at his first attempt, 
Mr. Starley should have introduced so complete and per- 
fect a machine. He would point out, too, that the 
frame designed by Mr. Starley was, with a very 
slight modification, rendered equally suitable for 
adoption by ladies, and with a slight further 
modification the machine became a tandem or a 
triplet. He thought it would be a very long time before 


the principle of the “ Rover’’ would be improved upon.. 


It was an instance of the application of the power in the 
right place, and there was only one thing wanted to per- 
fect it at its introduction, and that was the pneumatic 
tyre. He would point out that it was not until the rear- 


driver was introduced that cycling began to make head- 
way with all classes. Our American cousins across the 
‘‘pond,’’ in their usual manner, claimed the credit for 
nearly every improvement of the present day ; that, how- 
ever, was all bosh. There were only two novelties which 
had been introduced from the United States which were 
in use to-day ; these were square pedal rubbers and the 
hammock saddle, and he ventured to say that the cycle 
would be very much better off if the latter had never been 
invented. 

Mr. J. K. Starley, in returning thanks, said it was 
with considerable thankfulness that he looked back upon 
the history of the ‘‘ Rover.” No one had more than 
himself to be thankful for its success. It was twelve 
years now since he first commenced to work upon the 
“ Rover,” but it was not until two years later when the 
memorable race was held that it began to take on with 
the public. It took a long time to cultivate opinion. 
Even his then partner, Mr. Sutton, could not believe 
that the machine could be properly steered, and was most 
favourably astonished at the way ‘“‘Faed”’ managed the 
machine on the day of the race at Norman Cross. At 
that time there were varied opinions on the matter of 
machine construction, and manufacturers were vieing 
with each other as to who could turn out the largest 
number of patterns, He, however, took the bull by the 
horns, and confined his attention toa single pattern, and 
that the “‘ Rover,’’ because he thought he had made 
something which would last. He would point out that 
the position of the machine to-day was the same as he 
had first introduced it, which they would be able to see 
by the inspection of the machines ridden by Mr. S. 
Golder and Mr. J. Platt-Betts in the first and last fifty 
miles records accomplished upon this type of machine, 
which were both in the room that evening. He desired 
to say that the machine was not the result of an accident. 
He had carefully thought out every detai!l, and the 
correctness of his deductions was proved by the fact that 
cycling had increased by leaps and bounds 
from the day the “Rover” was _ introduced. 
Cycle making to him had never been the 
mere making of a bicycle. It was an _ interest 


-to study the principles and forces entering into the 


question. Flying, floating, rolling, and carrying were the 
fundamental principles of a moving body, and cycling 
was an adaptation of the best form of rolling movement. 
It offered advantages never before dreamed of. When he 
introduced the “ Rover” he had only one doubt about it, 
and that was whether the size of wheel was the best, but 


1 Pas 


the introduction of the pneumatic tyre settled that ques- 


tion for him. He had been himself a rider since the sixties, 
and could trace its evolution in his own experiences. 
When the “‘ Rover” was introduced a demand had already 
sprung up for safety bicycles, and most people were under 
the impression that the “ Rover” was built as a safety 
form of machine and nothirg more. If it had been so 
there would have been nothing in it, but he designed it 
as the most perfect form of bicycle that could 
be made. He believed the success which had 
attended its introduction fully corroborated his views. 
He considered driving by the front wheel was like 
cutting a horse in two, and putting its hind legs in 
front. Some people had in the past charged him with 
being a little behind the times. He could not, however, 
afford to be behind ; he was ever on the look-out for 
something which would make the rider go faster and 
easier, and if he had not adopted every new fad which 
came out, it was because he hac not yet seen that which 
he sought, so he preferred to adhere to the ‘‘ Rover ” as it 
was. He would like to remark, and it was a satisfaction 
to him, that in his business career he had never taken an 
unfair advantage of his competitors. 


He did not aim ‘o . 


be the greatest cycie-maker on earth, or to engage ini ~ ~ 


greatest numberx of new companies ; he was content with 
his share of prosperity upon honest and straightforwe 
lines, Heowed many thanks hoth tothe trade and rideis 
for suggestions which they had made from time to time, 
and all he claimed for his shareinthe introduction of the 
“ Rover ”’ was that he had worked out the fundamental 
principles of a machine combining the greatest number 
of advantages with the least number of disadvantages, 
and he hoped if all were spared to live another fifteen 
years to beable to celebrate the twenty-fifth anniversary 
ofits introduction, and to still see it leading the way. 


‘ ey -i a Sy pe 





? 


ce 


2 


Nov. 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


27 





CREDIT. 
ITS ABUSE IN THE SEWING MACHINE BUSI- 
NESS, AND A FEW SUGGESTIONS ON 
CREDIT GIVING. 


BY J. W. THOMPSON, IN “ THE NATION’S PRIDE.” 
The sewing machine business, both wholesale and 


=) 

retail, is very largely a credit business, and to-day it is 

suffering most seriously from the effects of improper or 

over-crediting, There seems to prevail quite generally a 

feeling that sewing machine credits are different from 

any other, and that they do not come under the require- 
ments of commercial credits. Many sewing machine 

agents and dealers seem to be possessed of the idea that a 

promise to pay at a specified time is only a matter of form, 

the fulfilment thereof being contingent upon ability to 
realise from the sale of machines, a surplus after paying 
other bills, &c. ; and that honour, integrity and personal 
responsilibity are only indirectly connected therewith. 

This certainly indicates gross lack of knowledge as to 

what credit is, its relations to the business, and the causes 

which lead to a depreciation of credit. 

Credit is Trust, and is based on confidence. Confidence 
is the result of assurance, and the degree of confidence is 
always in exact proportion to the satisfactory character 
of the information or experience which is the ground of 
assurance. 

Credit is a Circulating Medium of Exchange.—The 
manufacturer or wholesale dealer sells on credit to the 
retail dealer, who in turn sells on credit to the consumer, 
the medium of exchange in each case being credit. Fully 
g0 per cent. of the financial transactions of to-day are 
based on some form of credit, so that it really becomes 
the cohesive element. of business. The value of any 
medium of exchange is wholly dependent upon confidence 
or assurance of ability to realise according to intent or 
agreement. Destroy confidence by the apparent disre- 
gard of terms, and the medium of exchange is at once 
depreciated, if not fully destroyed. 

Credit is a condition, and the elements of strength in 
each individual case are only equal to that of the weakest 
constituent part. Honesty, intelligence, money and 
good connections are strong elements, but when coupled 
with lack of experience or practical ability, the strength 
of the combination becomes contingent upon the latter, 
or weaker, elements. “ No two credit problems have the 
same factors.’ When property is parted with, and in 
lieu thereof the buyer’s written or oral promise to pay is 
received, the matter of greatest importance to the seller is, 
will the buyer pay promptlyat the timespecified, or will this 
promise to pay at a certain time be promptly discharged ? 
The decision must be made before selling, and the proper 
exercise of discretion on this point is called credit giving. 
The success of any business involving a large amount of 
credits is contingent ubon the proper handling of credit 
giving. 

Has there not been great laxity in ‘credit giving” by 
both manufacturers and retailers in the sewing machine 
business? Has not the business greatly deteriorated 
because of this laxity? Seemingly the situation has 
degenerated into something like this: “ My competitors 
are doing so-and-so, and I must do the same or go them 
one better, in order to hold my own.’ When and where 
is this unbusinesslike method going to stop? When will 
“quality” and not ‘quantity’ be the controlling 
requirement in the sewing machine trade? Until that 
time there will not be any permanent or assured pros- 
perity. The slip-shod, go-any-way style of disposing of 
sewing machines, and the pay-when-you-jlease method 
of collecting must be relegated to the past, and credit 
giving handled in a businesslike manner same as in any 
c well-conducted line. 

Tne question of credit is therefore of the greatest 
‘tance, being paramount to all others connected 
the sales department. ‘Goods well sold are half 

paid for,” is a truth beyond question. 

The following fundamental principles underlie credit 
given in every business, and are particularly applicable 
to the sewing machine trade. When determining the 
question of credit, the first thing to consider zs the 
man, Information on this point, in both the wholesale 
and retail sewing machine trade, is almost wholly in the 
hands of the salesman, because he is usually the first, and 
often the only one who comes in personal contact with 


the buyer, Being on the ground he has access to sources 
of information not available elsewhere, and his reports are 
therefore of first importance in determining the desirability 
of accredit. In passing uponcredits the following points 
cover the principal requisites :— 

1.—Character and Habits.—Character is the individu- 
ality of the man, which distinguishes him from others. 
Habits are the fruitage of character, and the man’s hab‘ts 
are always in accord with his character. 

2,—Business Ability.—Ability organises a business, 
keepsit in good working order, adapts it to the ever 
changing requirements of conditions, and is the motive 
power which keeps the machinery in operation. 

3.—Industry.—This is the steady application of busi- 
ness ability, which makes the organisation most effective 
and continuous in its operations. 

4—Honesty.—This is the corner-stone upon which the 
whole superstructure of a business enterprise rests. 
Honesty of purpose and actions; honesty in meeting 
obligations and agreements promptly; honesty in repre- 
senting the qualities, capacity and merits of a machine, 
and so on. 

5.—Age.—This is a very important item in determining 
possible success. Wn eminent writer on this subject has 
said ; ‘‘ After a man has passed the prime of life, our con- 
fidence decreases in the ratio of his advancing-years and 
consequent decline of vitality and active usefulness.” If 


| the best part of a man’s life has shown no fruit, what can 


be expected of him in old age? 

6.—Married or Single—A man’s home and _ social 
relations have an important bearing on his financial 
responsibilty. The difference in conditions surrounding 
two men often causes the greatest difference in ambitions 
and results. ‘Our whole social and commercial fabric 
is based on individual efforts and desires of each man to 
raise his family to the highest degree of independence 
and respectability.” : 

7.—Economy.—This is the regulator which controls the 
outlay and adjusts expenses in proportion to the income 
from the profits of the business, 

8.—Experience.—Experience produces skill, Experi- 
ence begotten of success creates confidence. “ It is 
always a matter of speculation how an inexperienced man 
will come out in an undertaking.” 

g.—Antecedents.—Antecedents are the records of past 
life, and delineate honesty, punctuality, reliability, 
industry, aud ability, with almost unerring accuracy. 

The next class of considerations pertain to the Business. 
—Their application is more pertinent to the extension 
of credits to dealers than by retailers to the consumer ; 
however, there are points which will be suggestive to the 
retailer, and aid him in passing upon the desirability of a 
customer for credit. 

1,— Nature of Business.—This involves degree of risk, 
seasonableness of goods carried, convertibility and terms 
of sale. By degree of risk is meant whether the business 
is one involving much risk in its conduct. By season- 
ableness of goods is meant whether the business is one in 
which certain kinds of merchandise gan only be sold in a 
particular season, which, of course, gives opportunity for 
large depreciation by going out of style, becoming shop- 
worn, &c. By convertibility is meant whether the goods 
can readily be converted into money in case of financial 
pressure or failure. By terms of sale is meant whether 
the business is done on credit, or what proportion of it 
is done that way, the character of the credits, promptness 
in looking after collections, &c. 

2.—Location of Business.—Under this head comes the 
adaptation of the location to the requirements of the 
business, and the prevailing conditions which affect 
trade; whether in a manufacturing district, mining 
region, farming community, city, &c. The bearing of 
these points will be readily seen and appreciated. A 
man might be in a good line of business, but if in a poor 
location for realising, according to the requirements of 
his capital, or if his line is not adapted to the location, 
in either case there would be a poor show for success, 

3.—Capital.—Money pays bills. Money is requisite 
for the conduct of any business ; but the question of the 
amount in any case to insure safety is a matter of 
speculation, When goods are sold on credit, the creditor 
relies on the ability and honesty of the debtor to increase 
their value, but for his safety he also requires that th 
debtor furnish part of the capital, and tne larger th 





























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VERTICAL FEED SEWING MACHINE CO., 


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Manufactory and Head Office aes DAYTON, OHIO, U.S.A. 








Noy. 1, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 20 


mS 


proportion is to the credit asked the better it will be for 
both parties. In passing upon this point it is necessary 
to have determined beforehand whether or not the 
applicant for credit possesses the essential personal 
qualifications to success. 

4.—Volume of Business.—The main point to be de- 
termined under this head is the proportion of capital 
to the amount of credit asked for and given in the 
conduct of the business. 

5.—Assets.—This item is complicated, and requires the 
best of judgment, backed by experience, to properly 
ascertain the relative value, as a basis for determining 
credits. Its consideration involves the possible 
amount of depreciation in case of forced realisation, 
shrinkage on account of bad debts, the probable expense 
necessary to convert the assets, outstanding liabilities, 
and how much of them are overdue, the success of the 
business, &c. A man who owes as much, or nearly as 
much as the amount of his assets, is not a safe man to 
deal with as a rule, and sooner or later, in nine cases out 
of ten, will result in failure. When considering real 
estate as a part of the assets, look out for over-valuation, 
and mortgages or liens on property. Also consider the 
amount allowed for a homestead under the statute of the 
State. A homestead is not capital. 

6.—Insurance.—This is often an important item in 
determining the desirability of a credit. Every debtor 
should always be fully insured. 

Look out for the man who is not particular about 
the price he pays, or how much he buys, but always 
says, “Give me the longest time you can.” Be very 
careful about giving credit to a man who, after you 
have carefully looked over his financial condition and 
decided that it does not warrant the extension of the 
credit asked for, undertakes an argument to convince 
you that he is worthy of credit. When there is doubt 
it is always best to consider the credit asked for as so 
much cash loaned, and on that basis decide the question 
whether or not you would want to take the risk 
personally for that amount of cash. When there is 
doubt about any point involved in determining a credit, 
a pretty safe thing to do is to give the business the benefit 
of the doubt and not the man. 

There are many men in business who rank among 
the very best in all the personal essentials of success 
and desirability for credit, and yet have but little 
capital. In such cases it is best to exercise care until the 
foundations of confidence are fully established. If a 
man does not inspire confidence he is apt to be an 
undesirable custcmer. 

These points on credit are thrown out merely as 
suggestions, in the belief that a careful consideration 
of them will be profitable alike to manufacturers, 
wholesale dealers, and retailers. This is certainly an 
opportune time to adjust lines of credit, elevate the 
standard of quality, and eliminate the undesirable. 
The universal sentiment of the business is undoubtedly 
in that direction. How many will have the courage of 
their convictions ? 


CURIOUS CASE AS TO A ROCKING HORSE. 

In the City cf London Court, onthe 28th ult., before 
Mr. Commissioner Kerr, the case of “ Hutchins & Co. 7, 
The North London Engineering Company ”’ was heard. 
The plaintiffs, of Queen Victora Street, sought to recover 
the sumof £5 against the defendants, of Caledonian 
Road, N., in respect of the detention of a rocking-horse. 
Mr. Joseph Davis, defendants’ solicitors, said the 
plaintiffs had already sued a Mr. Trevannon, who traded 
as the North London Engineering Company, and judg- 
ment had been recovered in that Court. He therefore 
asked that theaction should be struck out, and that the 
plaintiffs should be directed to pay the defendants treble 
costs as provided by the County Courts Act. The witness 
who appeared for the plaintiffs said that Trevannon had 
left the company. Couldhenot get justice? Mr. Com- 
missioner Kerr said the plaintiffs had already recovered 
one judgment against the defendants. No one was 
allowed to sue a man twice over and get judgment for 
the same thing. If he did he must pay the penalty 
which the law imposed of paying three sets of costs. He 
must strike out the case and allow the defeadants tre ble 
costs. The plaintiffs’ witness left the Court apparently 
n.uch surprised. 











THE SHOP HOURS ACT. 


An announcement in some of the newspapers that the 
Shop Hours Act of the last session has come into opera- 
tion has led to inquiries as to the nature of the Act, and 
what fresh obligations it imposes. The statement, says 
the Warehouseman and Draper, is altogether mislead- 
ing. The Act referred to received the Royal Assent in 
April last, and came into operation at once, though it 
merely corrected an oversight in the existing Act and did 
not expand its scope. It passed both Houses of Parlia- 
ment without giving rise to any discussion, and attracted 
but little notice in any quarter. Clause 4 of the Shop 
Hours Act, it will be rememb2red, provides that “In 
every shop in which a young person is employed a 
notice shall be kept exhibited by the employer in a con- 
spicuous place referring to the provisions of this Act, and 
stating the number of hours in the week during which a 
young person may lawfully be employed in that shop.” 
Curiously enough, however, there is no penalty named 
for non-compliance with this provision, and in one or two 
cases in which shopkeepers were prosecuted for not 
exhibiting the required notice the magistrates found them- 
selves powerless to enforce the law. The Amendment Act 
of last session cures this defect by enacting that “ Ifany 
employer fails tokeep exhibited the notice required by Sec- 
tion 4 of the Shop Hours Act, 1892,in themanner required 
by that section, he shall be liable to a fne not exceeding 
forty shillings.’ That is all,and how it came to pass 
that the omission in the original Act was not detected 
when it was under discussion in Parliament we do not 
know. To some of our readers this will be, of course, 
ancient history, but there are others who have apparently 
forgotten the facts. Possibly the talk about Sir John 
Lubbock’s Early Closing Bill and the factory legislation 
of the Government have confused matters in their 
memory. 

That the Early Closing Bill should have been amongst 
the Parliamentary wreckage consequent on the defeat of 
the Government and the consequent dissolution need 
not give anybody much concern. It was a poor 
thing from every point of view, and it is surprising 
that such a feeble measure should have awakened 
enthusiasm in any quarter. We do not favour early 
closing legislation in any form, believing that it is quite 
a mistake to say, as some people do, that voluntaryism is 
“played out.” If, however, we are to have an Act of 
Parliament on the subject, it should be something more 
worthy of respect than Sir John Lubbock’s Bill, which 
seems to have been drafted for no earthly purpose but to 
serve as a precedent for more stringent legislation at 
some future time. It is presumed that the Bill will be 
revived again in the next session, but what reception it 
will meet with it is at present almost impossible to guess. 
In the last Parliament had the session not been cut 
short there was some likelihood of its passing. Whether 
it will or not be accepted by the new House is, as we have 
already suggested, a matter of the very smallest import- 
ance, except as a precedent. We doubt whether if it 
became law it would have as much effect even as a 
resolution of Parliament simply affirming the desirability 
of a general shortening of the hours of business in shops. 

It is a great pity that it should be so, but we are afraid 
the advocates of early closing are still a long way off the 
full fruition of their hopes. They have much cause to 
rejoice over the progress already made. It is very doubt- 
ful whether we are sufficiently conscious of the immense 
improvement that has taken place during the last half 
century, and even in nore recent times. It would be 
worth while occasionally to recall the former condition of 
things and contrast them with the present for the purpose 
of seeing the advance that has been made. The retrospect 
is full of encouragement ; but there is not less to be done 
in the future, and it will not be accomplished in a hurry. 
The general public will have to be further educated, and 
the process isa tedious one. After all that has been 
done and said, the great mass of the people 
are even yet unconscious of the terrible mischief 
that is done by overlong hours of business, and people 
who leaye work at a reasonable period of the 
evening too often forget the claims of those who 
are chained behind the counter long hours after they are 
released. When they do give their less fortunate fellows 
a thought, they are apt to think only of the inconveni- 


3° The Journal of Domestic Appliances. 


ence they suffer, and do not remember how bodily health 
is broken down for want of rest and recreation, and how 
frequently the prolonged strain of business means pre- 
mature decay and death. How often have we not heard 
the remark, ‘‘Oh, I don’t want them to keep open for me. 
I suppose it pays them to do so, and if they are open I 


may just as well get what I want.” “ Pays!’ One 
is inclined to ask, “Whom does it pay?” Not always 
and rot often the employer—the assistant never. 


There is this much importance in such remarks, 
however, that they remind us how greatly the 
education of the public in the matter of early closing is in 
the hands of the shopkeeper himself, and upon employers 
must rest to a large extent the moral responsibility 
for doing so. It is only fair to say that amongst the 
public there is a very different feeling on the subject of 
early closing now than that current in the early years of 
the movement. The shutting of shops at a more reason- 
able time or the half-holiday closing is not resented as it 
used tobe, and this of itself is something to be thankful 
for ; it makes the further task a little easier. That task 
is to change the simple acquiescence into an active desire 
for, and advocacy of, an early closing on all the days of 
the week, until it shall be universally recognised that the 
tradesman who keeps open until a late hour is guilty of 
an offence against society which is not to be condoned. 
When that state of public opinion has been arrived at 
an Early Closing Act will be superfluous. Until there 


has been a much closer approximation than is likely to 
be reached this century, at all events, such an Act will 
be ineffective. 











The following list has been compiled expressly for this viournal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern d& Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
Finsbury, London, E.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


17,386. I. Harris, improvements in children’s mail carts, bassinette 
carriages, and the like. 

17,822. A. Legg and F. H. Treacy, improvements in sewing 
machines. 

18,057. W. Bretland, 98, Bold Street, Accrington. 
self-feeding sewing machine shuttle. 

18,288. A. G. Brookes, a communication from The Champion 
Button Hole Machine Company of United States. Improvements in 
button-hole sewing machines. 

18,319. J.J. Adgate, improvements in jacks for knitting machine 
needles. 

18,320. J. J. Adgate, improvements in and relating to 
cylinders, and cams of knitting machines. 


An improved 


cam 


18.321. J. J. Adgate, improvements in wet thread knitting 
machines. 
18,465. W. W. Inslee, a communication from The Singer Manufac- 


turing Company, of Germany. Improvements in sewing machine 


cu'ting and hemming attachments. 


18,501. W. P. Thompson, a communication from E. K. Warren, of 
United States. Improvements in or appertaining to sewing 
machines. 


18,524. H. Kinsey, Robin Hood Works, Bellevue Street, Swansea, 
improvements in handles for mail carts. 

18,542. J.B. Hoskins, improvements in shields or protectors for 
knitting- machine needles and like appliances. 

11,560. S. T, Fawcett, D. Simpson, and J. J. Simpson, improve- 
ments in or connected with children’s carriages. 

18,712. W. Bowden, 13 Swan Street, Manchester. Improvements 
in tuck sewing machines. 

18,579. G. Colledge, improvements in the method of threading 
needles required for hand sewing. 

18,872. J. W. Mackenzie, a communication from the American 
Special Machine Company, Limited, of United States. Improvements 
n sewing machines, 

19,129. CC. Gilbert, improvements in circular rib-knitting machines 
and fabrics produced thereon. 


ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
Price 8d. 


18,029. Sewing Machines, F. H. Dodson, of Rugby. 
September 22nd, 1892. 

Relates to improvements insewing machines for producing letters, 
niarks, or other fancy stitching, and chiefly intended for the repeat 
production of single, double, or triple, &c., letters upon strips or tape, 
but may be used for other similar purposes. 

19,599. Cutting Apparatus applied to Embioidering Machines. 
E. Cornely and R. Cornely, both of Paris, France. Dated 
October 15th, 1894. 

The apparatus is employed for cutting the upper layer of cloth, 
according to the ornamental embroidery seams, by means of which the 
layer has been sewn on to an under layer of cloth, The cutting 


Dated 


Noy. 1, 189 





apparatus comprises a universal feed motion, furnished with a fixed 
knife capable of being turned, and by a crank-handle movement, the 
whole being arranged in such a manner that the material is pushed 
against the cutting-edge of the knife by means of the feed mechanism 
at each revolution of the machine. A screw adjustment is employed 
for effecting the requisite height of the knife. 

19,969. Sewing Machines. J. White, of Wellingborough. 
October 19th, 1894. : 

Relates to improvements in power and transmitters specially 
applicable for sewing machines, and consists essentially in operating 
by means of a cam surface operated from the pedal lever, the lever’ 
putting the transmitter in gear and applying the brake to the machine 
when released. . 

13,580: Sewing Machines. J. ¥.Johnson. A communication from 
the Philadelphia Barring Machine Company of New Jersey, U.S.A. 
Dated July 15th, 1895. 

Relates to that class of machines employed for “barring” button- 
holes or for forming a “back” or group of stitches where the two 
edges of the material to be sewed meet or overlap as in shoe uppers. 
One object of the invention is to effect the automatic cutting of the 
needle-thread on the completion of each group of stitches so that the 
subsequent trimming is rendered unnecessary. A further object is to 
effect the automatic release of the work after each group of stitches is 
completed, so that it can be readily removed to its new pcsition. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IssurED AND DATED SEPTEMBER IOTH, 1895: 
C. Frederick, Elizabeth, N.}., sewing machine. 
J. Vannette, Tiffin, Ohio, sewing machine. 
IsSuED AND DaTED SEPTEMBER 24TH, 1895. 


Dated 


545,882. 
545,924. 


546,670. A. Laubscher, Bridgeport, Conn., ruffler for sewing 
machine. 
546,768. A. Legg, Allendale, N.J., sewing machine. 


IssuUED AND DATED OCTOBER IST, 1895. 

546,982. J. J. Adgate, Liberty, N.Y., take-up mechanism for knitting 
machines. 

546,983. J.J. Adgate, cam cylinder for knitting machines. 

546,984. J. J. Adgate, jack for knitting machine needles. 

546,985. J.J. Adgate, cam icylinder for knitting machines, 

546,986. J. J. Adgate, needle jack. 

546,987. J.J. Adgate, take-up for knitting looms. 


547,046. F. E. Tallant, Minneapolis, Minn., binder for sewing 
machines, 

547,099. E. K. Warren, Three Oaks, Mich., sewing machine 
attachment. 


547,169. A. Johnson, Brockton, Mass., work-clamping and channel- 
cutting device for sewing machines. 


547,193. H.O. Witherell, Philadelphia, Pa., knitting machine. 
IssUED AND DATED OCTOBER 8TH, 1895. 
547,032 W. F. Dial, Bridgeport, Conn., sewing machine. 
547,673. C. McNeil, Chicago, Ill, trimming knife for sewing 
machines. ; 


547,675. L. Onderdonk, Boston, Mass., sewing machine. 

547,076° L. Onderdonk, feeding machanism for sewing machines. 

547,684. J. Schiesser, Radolfzell, Germany, circular knitting 
machine for tuck-stitch goods. 








A SUGGESTED CYCLE CO’S PROSPECTUS. 


One of our subscribers recently received a prospectus of a new 
Cycle Co., and he has somewhat re-drafted it and sent it on to us 
as follows : 

This company will, it is hoped, keep going the concern of 
———— and take over his old stock of tools, machines, and bad 


de bts. 

The vendor has been knocking up eyeles (from Birmingham 
parts) in his back garden at ——-—— for the past ten years, and 
ventured on taking a shop at ———\— three years ago, putting 


out a» number of cycles on easy payments. But the time has 
arrived when he can no longer purchase the necessary tubes and 
tyres on tick, so that he is obliged to develop the business or 


- bust. 


The profits should be enormous, for although the vendor 
started on nothing, he has filled up all the back garden with out- 
of-date lumber, and been let in over the lease of his shop, besides 
having lived comfortably on the takings for ten years. There 
should thus be a good 10 per cent. profit for the coimpany, and 
eyery prospect of seeing the principal no more. 

The old canvassers having become too greedy, it is proposed to 
open two or three shops in back streets not yet overdone, 
The company can then be got at by the demon Scorcher direct, 
and so bag the 5s, deposit usually nabbed by the tally josser, 
thus stealing a march on the rival shop higher up. 

The nobility and gentryof — and England prefer these 
cycles to the best Coventry make, and several fishy orders from 
Antwerp, Hamburg, &e., have been executed and never heard 
of again. They have been shown alongside other home-made 
specimens at the Stanley and C.P. shows, and the press toffs said 
they were bothered if they could see any difference, after the 
usual ‘“‘luncheon.”” Several eycles made by this house (and back 
garden) have been run in for storming — Bridge on 
Sundays, and the repairs brought in at times speak of their 
doings on the way path. 

Several machines wanted at onee (payable at 5s. per month 
whilst the fine weather lasts), making things hum a bit; part of 
the garden at ———— has been covered with some sheet-irou, an 
old water tank has been added to save on the plating account 
(outside credit stopped), and the old cucumber frame has been 
turned into an oven for the enamelling, so all goes well now. 

The vast but ancient looking premises at ———— (see 
tableau) were taken on lease at an absurd rental, considering 
the repairs, but the first floor was eventually let off to an 
electric firm, 











Dec 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


CONSIDER DER PLAIN FACTS. 


The CHERRY TREE MACHINE (CO., 


Ltd, make THE BEST Mangles, Washers, 
and ‘Wringers 1 in every sense of that term. 


BEST for the Agent to Sell, as it gives 
him the most profit for the least trouble ; 
BEST for the Purchasers, because it gives the 
most satisfaction. 


Dealers should bear this in mind and buy 
only of the 


GHERRY TREE COMPANY, LTD., 


Works: CHERRY TREE, BLACKBURN. 


London Offices: 44, FARRINGDON STREET, E.C. 


The “PGR Aolary yewing Machines, 


THE BEST, THE MOST 
RAPID, AND THE 
MOST DURABLE 
SEWING MACHINES 
IN EXISTENCE. 


LETTER F.—For Family Use 
and Light Manufac- 

iain Purposes. 
LETTER D.—Medium Size 
Machine, for Manu- 
facturing Purposes. 
LETTER E.—Large Manufac 

turing Machine. 
LETTER F.—Hand Machine, 
on Wooden Base, 



















work. 


‘DEALERS WANTED 
here not Represented, 


» BAER@REMPEL, 


~ BIELEFELD, Cenmanv. 


AA 





















































































































































with Elegant Wood- 


Bae VES) alia eda ah A et oath: ak gt 3 


8 The Journal of Domestic Appliances . Dec, 2, 1895, 


For UP- 10. DATE CYCLES at MODERATE PRICES 


Don’t fail to Inspect 


THE “CONDORS,” 


At Stand No. 5, 


National Show, ee Palace, Dec, 6th to 14th: 


“YSIY ON 















































Special Terms for Hire-Purchase Trade. 


HARRY Ss. ROBERTS, 
* CONDOR CYCLE WORKS, * 


DEANSHANGER, STONY STRATFORD, BUCKS, 


H. MUNDILOS «= Co., 
MAGDEBURG, N, GERMANY. nee 


Manufacturers of Sewing Machines, Established 1863, invite dealers 
to ask for Price Lists of the celebrated 


“VICTORIA” SEWING MACHINES 


UNEQUALLED ce MADE IN 




















FOR 5 DIFFERENT SIZES 
THEIR HIGH FINISH, FOR FAMILY USE 
RELIABILITY, ~ AND 
AND MANUFACTURING 
DURABILITY. PURPOSES. 
AUTOMATIC UNIVERSAL DARNING — 


PRESSER FOOT, 


English Patent No. 3,235. 


APPARATUS, 

















Gxclusive Territory will be given to Responsible 2 ’ 


Dealers. 


English Patent No. 10,124, 








is 


h 


g . 
,000 7/6; 


| a 
printing 
1,000. We also 


irculars. 
4/9 per 
SEWELEL & Co., 283, Paternoster Row, LONDON. 





C 


9 


Ny 


Advert 


8 Ta-Ta 
torial Circulars to any Dealer, 


J 
1c 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 


ee 


oe 


IVE 
“ Baby 


a 
per 11,0003 and 10,000 


publish a Pictorial Circular relating to Sewing Machines at the same rates 


G/ 


We are open to supply P 
name and address on same, at the following rates for cash; 1 


Efiect 


3,000, 





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Youvindwwusd Y 
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xo The Journal of Domestic Appliances DEc, 2, 18 95. 


DEALERS IN SEWING MACHINES PLEASE NOTE! 


The Best Sewing Machines now offered are the “NEW 
WILLIAMS,” which have more improvements, yet fewer parts, 
than any other first-class Sewing Machine. 

Highly finished, noiseless, easy to work, and elegant in 
appearance. Gains highest Awards for general excellence 
wherever exhibited. 


MANUFACTURED BY 


THE WILLIAMS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, LIMITED. 


MONTREAL, CANADA, AND PLATTSBURG, U.S. AMERICA. 
European Offices ; 44, FARRINGDON STREET, LONDON, E.C. 
R, J. JOHNS, Agent-General for Europe. 





AGENTS WANTED IN EVERY TOWN WHERE NOT 








REPRESENTED. 
wew |NEW HOME SEWING MACHINES.| ne. 
Home. Highest Awards at World’s Fair, Chicago, and at Home. 


Antwerp Exhibition, 1894, 


SELLING. The NEW HOME Machine is the simplest and lightest running 

POINTS. Machine in the trade. Has High Arm, Double Feed, Automatic 
Winder, Self-threading Cylinder Shuttle, carrying largest quantity of 
thread, elegantly ornamented, All bright parts nickel-plated. Hasy 
to work, easy to sell, 


ee ee a a I 


AGENTS FOR 


Dee tLe AGENT Lancashire, Yorkshire, 

Nales, Midland and 

SCOTLAND, IRELAND, Eastern Counties, and 
AND 


South and West of 
England, 
Tae 


American Trading Co., 


99, FENCHURCH ST., E.C. 


NORTH OF ENGLAND, 
WM. REDPATH, 


Berwick-on-T weed. 





Ps SS NS Se. Seta, Sen, ain ans ea sae) 





STYLES OF Hand Machines on Wood or Iron Base, with handsome bent wood 
MACHINES. cover. Treadle Machines with a large variety of styles of cabinet 
work, Manufacturing Machines, 


AGENTS: We can give exceptional terms to energetic agents, and as we do 
no retail trade, our agents will have the full benefit of all business 
arising in their respective districts. Agents wanted in every district. 


Naw UPWARDS OF ONE AND A HALF MILLION MACHINES 
MAGE AND SOLD. New 


ele WRITE FOR PRICE LIST AND TERMS, ao 


| 





gi i te lita 


London, B.C. 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 11 















































































































W, SUMMERSCALES & SONS, LTp. 
‘\, Coney Lane Works, 


KEIGHLEY. 


ESTABLISHED 1850. 








Lists and Full 
Particulars 
on Application. 








NOTICE TO PERAMBUXATOR MAKERS. 





Best Cycle Wheels, with ball bearings, light steel rims, bast 1 inch rabber tyres, 12 in., with axles, 9/6; 18 in., 


11/6 ; 24 in., 13/6 per pair. 
17/6 per pair. 


12 io. 14 in. Cushioa Tyres, plated hubs and spokes, 12/6; 18 in., 15/6; 24 in., 
12 in. Pneumatic Tyres, plated hubs and spokes, 15/6; 18 in., 17/6; 24 in., 25/- per pair. 


Also 


extra strong for Cabs, Cars, Dog Carts, Bath Chairs, &e. 
DUNKAMBULATORS.—Patent labels supplied. Nearly all the leading makers are making in thousands. 


The most successful Convertible Sliding Well Cart of late years. 
bought for 1896, and during the past few months makers in Birmingham alone have taken 4,200 labels. 


for same £5 per 100. 


Many makers are busy making stock, having 
Price 


The PATENT REVERSIBLE SHAFT AND UNDERGEAR is another novelty sueces-fully tried and so!d 
during 1895, which works most admirably with the Dunkambularor bodies and enables the vehicle to be propelled 


in either direction, and more easily on the two large side wheels than any other undergear. 


Undergear, and fittings of all kinds supplied. 


Shafts, Bodies, 


The following are a few who are using and selling my specialities :—Messrs. Parker, Thompson, Simmons, 


Star Company, Wells, Poole, Barnfield, Littlewood, and others. 


All applications must he addressed, 


W. H. DUNKLEY, The World’s Cycle Works, 


BIRMINGEARS. 





STIBBS’S PATENT 


IDEAL KNITTER 


For Seamless Stockings, Socks, Gloves, and every 
kind of Hosiery, RIBBED or PLAIN. 


REALLY SIMPLE, ABSOLUTELY SURE, 


in virtue of numerous Patented Improvements which can be had 
on no other Machine. 


G. STIBBE, 25, JAMAICA STREET, GLASGOW. 
Leicester Branch, 34a, Highcross Street. 





Sewing Machine Gazette Office, 28, Paternoster Row, London, E.C. 
RATE.—4d. per Word ; Minimum, 6d. 





LJ OWE B., 3s. 8d. gross; Bradbury Elastic, 4s. 6d. ; 
=~ Wilcox & Gibbs, 5s. gross.—S. Cox & Co., Eagle Works, 
Alcester. 


VERTICAL FEED.—Agents Wanted wherever not 


represented. Best terms and sole agency.—Apply to the Vertical 
Feed Sewing Machine Company, Limited, 24, Aldersgate Street, 








FURNITURE, BEDSTEADS, &c.—Advertiser, 35, 


desires change; management over 10 years; thorougnly 
acquainted with Hire Trade; highest references.—Address, in first 
instance, ‘‘ Furniture Manager,” Hire Traders’ Guide and Record 
Office, Paternoster Row, E.C. 








|. The Greatest Attraction in Knit- 


ting Machines. 


Wo Hosiery Maker should be with- 
out it. ONE of these Machines 
gives more profit than Six ordinary 
Machines. 


The New Patent Machine for 
SCOTCH KNICKERBOCKER 
GLOVES, etc., in CHECKS. 


Full Fashioned RIBBED Hose, with or without & 
CHECK PATTERN, are made on this Machine, 
and the RIB TOPS can be made PLAIN, 
STRIPED, in CHECKS, or in CHECKS and 
STRIPES COMBINED. The Whole being Knitted 
in ONE OPERATION. PLAIN HOSE, etc., in 
CHECKS, are also made on the same Machine, 
which can also be utilised for other kinds of 
KIBBED GOODS, and particularly for FANCY 
RIB TOPS, SWEATER FABRICS, etc. 


HOSE, 








WANTED, a GOOD AGENT in each Town, where 


not already appointed, for th ‘‘New Williams’” Sewing 
Machines. Best value ever offered.The Williams’ Manufacturing 
Company, Limited, 44, Farringdon Street. London, E.C. 


DOMESTIC MACHINE STORES for SALE ; 

reasonable cause for selling; well stocked, including Mangles, 
Mail Carts, Bassinettes, Cycles and Accessories, &c.; rent £25; part 
faces main road. Full information given, anJ transfer of agencies. — 
Appiy, ‘‘ Stores” Office of this Journal. 


YOUNG LADY (experienced) DESIRES SITUA- 
TION in Sewing Machine Depét.—Address, ‘‘ Konstanz,” 
Sewing Machine Gazette Office, Paternoster Row, EC. 


MACHINE OILS, BANDS, and BELTING ; 


quality and cheapness undeniable.—J. Searle & Co., 40, 
Trafalgar Street, London, S.E. 


(See page 36 for other advertisements.) 


12 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


THE JOURNAL OF DOMESTIC APPLIANCES 
AND SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE. 


Subscriptio#.—3s 6d. per annum, or 1S. per quarter, post free, which includes 
a free copy of the Hire Traders’ Guide and Record. 


THE HIRE TRADERS’ GUIDE AND RECORD. 


Subscription.—2s. 6d. per annum, or gd. per quarter, post free. 





Advertisements.—Tariffon Application. All changes in Advertisements to be 
notified bythe twenty-fifth of each month. ws = 

Contributicns;—Articles, Letters, Reports, &c., on trade subjects invited and paid 
for ifso arranged. Readers are earnestly requesied to notify changes of address, 
the opening cf new premises, &c,, in their several towns. 

Trade Information.—We are always pleased to be at the service of our readers by 
supplying them with the names of manufacturers, &c. All we ask is that they enclose 
stamp for reply. : . 

Replies to Advertisements —We request that readers, in replying to advertise- 
ments in our columns, will mention our Journals as the source of their information. 

In Writing to Us.—Please address all communications either “ Publisher,” or 
‘« Editor,” at the address given below. : 

Hire Agreements and Payment Car'ds.—We supply these to most hire traders. 
Particulars on application. 

List of Cycle and Domestic Machinery Dealers.—We keep at our office a complete 
list of the trade/for the benefit of manufacturers. _ ire 

Non-subscribers.—Will these please take the receipt of a free copy as an invitation 
to subscribe ? i : ; 

Local Papers.—Many of our readers are kind enough to send us copies of their 
local papers Whenever they contain anything of interest to the trade, and for this 
we are deeply grateful. Would a// our readers do likewise ? 


SEWELL & Co., Publishers. 


28, 29, & 30, Paternoster Row, 
London, E.C. 























During the past month another trial has 
taken place on the subject which, from its 
start, has embittered the relationship 
between the members of the sewing machine trade—we 
refer, of course, to that of trade name. We give our readers 
a verbatim report of the proceedings as we did in the 
Spence action, and we only propose at the moment to 
glance at the result, leaving our report to speak for 
itself. 

Mr. Justice Romer has within the past thirty months 
tried three trade name cases of interest to the domestic 
machinery trade, viz., Spence,in July, 1893, St. George’s, 
in August last, and now that of Singer v. King’s, just 
decided. In each case the question which he asked him- 
self was simply this : Is there evidence of fraud, and if so 
the plaintiff is entitled to succeed. It is clear, therefore, 
that thesé trade name cases succeed or fail according to 
the nature of the evidence. In the Spence case Singer’s 
succeeded because there was overwhelming evidence that 
the defendants laid themselves out to attract to their shop 
customers who would have purchased of the Singer Com- 
pany had they not been deceived by the defendants intc 


The Singer 
Action. 


thinking that Spence & Co. were selling machines made ' 


by the Singer Company. In the St. George’s case there 
was no evidence of fraud, and in the case just decided 
Singer’s lost, and rightly so, because they were unable to 
prove the one thing needful—traud. 

Tt is well for us to point out here to prevent misconception 
that the question as to whether or not the name Singer 
can be used as a descriptive title or in any way whatever 
was not raised by the defendants, who simply said, ‘‘we 
deny having used the word ‘Singer,’ and the Singer Com- 
pany failed to prove that King’s had used the name. That 
is the whole case in a nutshell. 





We have before us a statement of affairs 
in ve Falahee, which several of the 
creditors consider most unsatisfactory. 
The receipts were from stock, £86 14s. ; and book debts, 
£107 3s. 6d., ora total of £193 17s. On the expenditure 
side advertising, printing, and the expenses of the sale, 
which was by tender, are given at £7 2s. 8d. ; ‘‘solicitor’s 
costs, preparing, and registering deed, &c., £21 1s.”; 
‘Board of Trade fess, postages, stationery, and incidental 
outlay, £6” ; ‘‘ Trustee’s remuneration, £12 12s.,” or a 
total of £46 15s. 8d. Thus to realise £193 cost no less 
than £46, which includes two items, £21 1s. and £6, 
which we really cannot understand. In another failure 
where the amount realised and the trouble involved were 
almost identical, instead of £27 1s., the whole of these 
costs amounted to £5. There is thus, apparently, a need- 
less expense of £22, which would have meant to the 
creditors 1s. 6d. instead of rs. 3d. in the pound which the 
trustee has paid to the creditors. The extra dividend is 
a trifle, but it is the principle, of course, with which we 
are at present concerned,and the question is, has the trustee 
any justification for having charged the largersum? We 
shall not further comment on this matter until our next 


Costs of 
Bankruptcy. 


-half-past nine on a Saturday night. 


Dec. 2, 1895. 
——— 
issue, and in the meantime will be pleased to hear what 
the trustee has to say on the subject. Another failure, 
that of Massey, of Dublin, reporied im~our present issue, 
is also most unsatisfactory to the creditors. Under the pre- 
sent system, no office, perhaps, isso much open to abuse 
as that of a trustee under an assignment, and itis there- 
fore eminently desirable that where the interests of the 
creditors have been duly considered, the parties interested 
should be made aware of the fact in the interest alike of 

trustee and creditor. 








THIRTY-FOUR YEARS AGO. 

Now that the sewing machine has become the founda- 
tion of the modern process of shoemaking, the following, 
says the Sewing Machine Times of New York, from the 
History of American Manufactures, written in 1861, has 
a strange sound ;— 

“ At this moment, in progressive England, where labour- 
saving appliances have so enlarged the area of useful 
industry, and promoted the comfort of all classes, the 
boot and shoe manufacturing districts of Northampton 
and Staffordshire are trembling in apprehension of popular 
violence upon the attempt to introduce the sewing 
machine in that business.” 

Referring to the state of American manufacturers in 
1860, Bishop says :—“ Sewing machines were made in 
seventy-four establishments, to the number of 111,263, of 
which the value was four and a quarter millions, the 
larger part being in Massachusetts, Connecticut,and New 
York, although they were produced to some extent in 
twelve States.” 


DRIVING MACHINES BY SQUIRREL POWER. 

The Sewzng Machine Times calls attention to a new 
form of power for driving sewing machines which is now 
in use by Mr. T. J. Frank, agent for the White Sewing 
Machine Company at Marquette, Michigan. This 
ingenious agent desired to run a sewing machine in his 
shop window by power, but did not wish to go to any 
heavy expense, He accordingly hit on the idea of attach- 
ing to the White machine a smali wire drum, in which 
he imprisons a b:own squirrel, who, as becomes his 
class, revolves the drum, treadmill fashion, and thus 
operates the sewing machine. Naturally, this squirrel 
power attracts much attention from the public, anc 
indicates to the onlookers that the machine must be 
exceedingly light running, 








REMINISCENCES OF A MACHINE 
REPAIRER. 
TO THE EDITOR ‘‘SEWING MACHINE GAZETTE.” 

Str,—I see the Sewzng Machine Gazette for November 
gives the account of the death of Mr. Grover, who was 
partner with Mr. Baker, sewing machine maker. It is 
twenty-nine years ago since two of their machines came 
to Glossop. A cousin of mine, a woollen draper by trade, 
was asked to try and sell them. Hesold oneto his sister, 
and the other my mother bought. His sister taught me 
how to sew with it, and I, the same as other boys in these 
days, wanted to see how it was made. So, one Satur- 
day afternoon I took it up into the atuc, unknown to my 
mother, and I pulled it all to pieces. Fiteen years old I 
was at that time, and when IJ got it all to pieces it was about 
Well, my mother 
thought I was lost or had run away from home ; the other 


members of our family were all going to bed when they 


discovered a light in the attic. My mother was informed 
of the light, and up she came. Well I got a good boxing, 
and she was much annoyed, and well she might be, for 
we were only poor, and she had just given five pounds 
for the machine. But, however, I told her if she would 
let me I would put it all right again before I went to 
bed. So I started, and I had just nnished it at two 
o'clock on Sunday morning, and I showed her it would 
sew again. 


Now, sir, ever since, I have never been fast with a sew- 


ing machine, and both my mother’s and my cousin’s 
machines will sew to this day. So you see I have been 
in the sewing machine repairing business twenty-nine 
years, but I oaly do them in my leisure hours. 
Yours truly, 
{ RusHFirtH HEAP. 
20, Sheffield Road, Glossop, 
November roth, 1895. 





: 
; 
a 
a 
% 








DEG 2 logs 





Gn the High Cowt of Austice. 
CHANCERY DIVISION. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 13 





RoyAuL Courts or Justice, Monday, November 4th, 1895. 
Brerorp Mr. Justice ROMER. 


THE SINGER MANUFACTURING COMPANY v. KING’S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, LIMITED. 





Transcript from the Shorthand Notes of HENRY H. ToLcHER, 7, Quality Court, Chancery Lane, W.C. 





Counsel for the Plaintiffs: Mr. BYRNE, Q.C., M.P., Mr. E. W. BULLEN, and Mr. W. RUSSELL, instructed by Mr. GinBerT DYKE 


WANSBROUGH. 


FIRST DAY. 


Mi. ByRNE: May it please your Lordship. I appear in this 
case, with my friends Mr. Bullen and Mr. Russell, for the 
plaintiffs, who are the well-known Singer Manufacturing 
Company. The action is an action complaining of the sale by the 
defendants of their goods in such a way as to induce the 
purchaser to believe they are the goods of the plaintiffs. As to 
a substantial part of the case, I believe there is no real contest. 
The contest will turn on whether the acts we complain of were 
done, or were not done. j 

Mr. HopKINSON: That appears to be so, no doubt. 

Mr. BYRNE: I mention that now, because possibly we shall be 
able to shorten a gool deal of the evidence. In view of the fact 
which your Lordship had before you about two years ago, the case 
of The Singer Manufacturing Company v. Spence, 1 do not think 
my friend will put on me to prove facts with reference to the 
general view to be taken of the word ‘‘Singer,” but will accept 
the prima facie meaning of the term as being goods manufactured 
by the plaintiffs. 

Mr. Hopkinson: When your Lordship’s judgment in that ease 
is read I do not wish to contradict the facts of that judgment as 
to the meaning of the word ‘‘Singer,” and I will take it that in 
this case what your Lordship there said with reference to that 
would be applicable. I do that without making any formal 
admission. 

Mr. Byrne: Yes. When I read it you will tell me what you 
admit. 

Mr. Justice ROMER: Just give me that again. ; 

_ Mr. Byrnu: Yes. That the word “Singer,” prima facie 
applied to a sewing machine, denotes goods of the plaintiffs’ 
manufacture. ; 

Mr. Hopkinson: To a Jarge portion of the public, at all events. 

Mr. Byrne: Yes, I do not want to extend it beyond your 
Lordship’s judgment in Spence’s case. 

Mr. Hopkinson: Certain qualifications are given by your 
Lordship. 

Mr. Justice RomER: Is that a reported case? 

Mr. Bygne: I have a verbatim copy of the proceedings and of 
the judgment, but Iam told by my friend it is reported in the 
Times Law Reports. 

Mr. Hopkinson: Yes, volume 9, page 537. 

Mr. Byrne: That case depended, as this case does not, a good 
deal on documents and advertisements. In giving judgment, 
your Lordship said: ‘‘The plaintifis, the Singer Manufacturing 
Company, are commonly reterred to and addressed, and known 
shortly as ‘Singer’s.’ They are very large and extensive 
manufacturers and vendors of sewing machines. They advertise 
their machines laryely, and at great expense, as ‘Singer’s,’ and I 
am satisfied that their machines do enjoy a high reputation in the 
market under that designation. The trade mark put by them on 
their machines contains the word ‘Singer.’ On eyery machine 
sold by them the word ‘Singer’? is put by itself. ‘Singer’s’ or 
‘Singer’ is their trade name, and it has a considerable reputation, 
which is of the utmost importance to them. They sell direct to 
the public, and apparently not through wholesale dealers, as most 
large manufacturers do. Now, the iirst question that arises in 
this case is what is understood to be meant by the words 
‘Singer’s’ or ‘Singer sewing machine.’ Taking the evidence as a 
whole, I come to the conclusion that Singer’s machine, er 
‘Singer’ machine prim facie, and to alarge portion of the public, 
denotes a sewing machine manufactured by the plaintiffs, as 
distinguished from other manufacturers. With regard to the 
term ‘Singer’s,’ there is really very little room for doubt, even on 
the defendants’ own showing.” Then your Lordship refers to the 
evidence on that head, and you-go on, ‘‘ As to the term ‘Singer’ 
machine, though no doubt it may under some circumstances and 
with a context, and especially to manufacturers and dealers or to 
those well acquainted with the defendants’ manufacture convey 
the meaning only of a machine made on the ‘Singer system’ or 
‘Singer principle,’ without regard to manufacture, yet on the 
whole evidence before me I come to the conclusion that prima 
Jucie standing by itself, toa large portion of the public, if does 
convey the meaning of a machine manufactured by the plaintiffs 
and by them alone. No doubt, as I have said, to many the term 
‘Singer’ machine may convey, under tain ciremmnstances, i 
different meaning. No doubt, in specifications of certain patents, 
I find the term ‘Singer’ machine referred to under circumstances 
which may show that the patentee is referring to a type or to a 
system ; but in those cases it has to be borne in mind that the 
specifications are addressed chiefly to manufacturers, and that the 
context of the specifications might well show in those cases —and 
would show—that they are referring to a system and not toa 
particular manufacture. So the term has no doubt been used in 
the Sewing Machine Gazette with regard to a system or a type 
But with regard to that Gazette it is to be noted that that passes 
almost exclusively in trade circles. Also in a few private trade 
circulars and documents issued by dealers the word ‘Singer’ may 














> a 





Counsel for the Defendants: Mr. HOPKINSON. Q.C., M.P., and Mr. RUFUS ISAACS, instructed by Mr. H. E. Tupor. 


be used with reference to a type or a system, and not to the 
plaintiffs’ manufacture. But I am bound to add that it is not 
every case to which my attention has been called on behalf of the 
defendants of a user of the term ‘Singer’ in trade circulars that 
I consider the user at all justifiable. On the contrary, I cannot 
help thinking that many of those cireulars and documents are in 
themselves fraudulent, and show a fraudulent intention when they 
use the word ‘Singer’ as they do. I do not think I am ealled 
upon, or that it would be useful for me to discuss the evidence in 
detail, which has led me to this conclusion as to the prima facie 
meaning of the term ‘Singer’ machine, but it is certain that the 
English manufacturers all appear to be very careful not to 
use the term ‘Singer’ as applied to sewing machines, exce} o 
with a context or under circwmstanees which would make 3. 
clear in most, if not all cases, that they are referring only to a 
system or a type of machine.” 

Mr. Justice RomER : Yes, I think I follow it. You need not 
go all through it. It is clear it may by a context be used in sone 
other way. 

Mr. BYRNE: Yes, Wesay it has been in the present case used 
without sufficient context as clearly to show the purchaser that 
the goods were not the goods of the plaintifis. 

Now, my Lord, Iwill take the pleadings. The statement of 
claim in the first four paragraphs is admitted. They relate to 
the constitution and formation of the company, Paragraph 3 
alleges that in the year 1863 the company was formed as 
successors to the business of I. M. Singer & Co. All that is 
admitted. At the end of paragraph 4 it states that ‘‘ After the 
plaintiff company was formed the said Isaac Merritt Singer co1.- 
tinued to take an active part in its business, and the company 
acquired the reputation that attached to his name, and tlie 
machines manufactured by the plaintitfs acquired and have 
always retained a very wide and favourable reputation by reason 
thereof and of the superiority of their manufacture.” All that is 
admitted, Paragraph 5 is not admitted—‘‘ From the time when 
the said business was started down to the present time the sewing 
machines manufactured by the said firm of I. M. Singer & Cc. 
and their successors in business have been always described a..d 
advertised and sold under the description of ‘Singer’ or ‘ Singer’: ” 
machines, and the said company have never at any time authorised 
any person to make use of the said name of ‘Singer’ as applied tu 
sewing machines not manufactured by them.” I suppose as far 
as that allegation is material to the present case that is covered 
by the judgment in Spence’s case. 

Mr. Hopkinson: Well, there is not much difference, I admit, 
but I think we had better take the judgment. 

Mr. Byrne: Very good. ‘‘ During the period aforesaid ” (this 
is admitted) ‘‘ the owners for the time being of the business hay > 
made and sold a great variety of sewing machines widely and 
essentially differing from each other in construction.” The firsr 
part of paragraph 7 is admitted doyyn to the last sentence : ‘“‘ Nt 
one such sewing machine has ever been patented in this count: y 
in its entirety, nor have any of the machines so sold in the sail 
business ever been made according to any patent, nor is the 
specification of any patent completely descriptive of any of ther . 
The plaintitfs are not the owners of, neither have they, nor their 
predecessors in the said business, ever been the owners of anv 
Letters Patent completely descriptive of the machines, or any of 
the machines, manufactured by them, though they have hed 
patents for improvements in details and accessories of sewin; 
machines.” This last paragraph is not admitted : ‘* The design. - 
tion ‘Singer’ simply means that the machines so designated are 
the plaintitfs’ manufacture, constructed in one of the several 
forms which they from time to time adopt as the last results of 
their knowledge and experience.” I suppose if I said ‘‘ Singer” 
without context my friends would not dispute it ? 

Mr. Horxkinson : It may mean that. 

Mr. Bryne: Very well. ‘‘ The plaintiffs and their pr - 
decessors in the said business have largely advertised the varic 
kinds of machines of their manufacture as ‘ Singer’ or ‘Singe 
machines, and haye expended in this country, since the said 
business was commenced, in so advertising their machines a suja 
of more than £250,000, besides £400,000 or thereabouts in building 
their factory at IKilbowie aforesaid, and many thousands of 
pounds in establishing in the United Kingdon 529 branch houses 
tor the sale of their machines, the rent of which now amounts to 
upwards of £25,000 per annum. They have, moreover, made and 
sold a very large number of machines to the extent of 10,000,0C0 
or thereabouts, and by reason of such advertisements and outlay 
and la manufacture, as well as of an extensive system of 
advertising in all parts of the globe, their manufactures are well 
known throughout the world as ‘Singer’ or ‘ Singer’s ’ machines, 
In consequence of the superiority of some of the earlier types of 
machines manufactured by the said firm, a special class of machine 
is also known amongst experts and wholesale dealers in the inner 
circle of the trade, and amongst sach persons only, as machines 
made according to the ‘Singer’s system,’ or ‘Singer principle.’ 
This, however, is only an alternative and abbreviated and not a 
























ee ee ee 


es ee eee CAST Po a 


14 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


necessary method of describing such machines, and, with this ex- 
ception, the name ‘Singer’ as applied to the sewing machines has 
become and is a trade name or designation belonging to the 
plaintitts, and signifying to wholesale and retail dealers and to 
the public, and known as signifying machines of the plaintiffs’ 
manufacture and no other machines.” 

(Adjourned for a short time.) 

My Lord, except the first sentence in paragraph 10, all the rest 
of the statement of claim is either not admitted or denied, ‘‘ The 
defendant company is a limited company, carrying on business 
at 17 and 18, Railway Approach, London Bridge, as retail dealers 
in sewing machines, watches, trinkets, albums, and similar 
articles.” Then the allegation goes on—‘‘ Almost all the shares 
and debentures in the said defendant company are held by one 
James Bray, who formerly carried on a similar business at the 
same address under his own name and under other names. The 
other shareholders in the defendant company are about eight in 
number, and are clerks or nominees of the said James Bray.” Then 
paragraph 11 says: ‘‘ The plaintitis lave discovered and it is the 
fact that the defendant company through its agents has for some 
time past been selling and offering for sale to the public and 
principally to domestic servants and persons of that class sewing 
machines which are not of the plaintiffs’ manufacture by re- 
presenting to the purchasers in each of such cases that the 
machines so sold by the defendant company’s agents are ‘ Singer’ 
or ‘ Improved Singer’ or ‘Singer’s Improved” machines, and by 
using the words ‘Singer’ and ‘Improved Singer’ and ‘Singer's 
Improved ’ in reference to such machines so sold in such a manner 
as to mislead and deceive the purchasers in each case into the 
belief that they are buying machines which haye been manu- 
factured by the plaintifis. By so doing the defendant company 
represent sewing machines sold or offered for sale by them and not 
of the plaintiffs’ manufacture to be ‘Singer’ machines and of the 
plaintifis’ manufacture, or machines with the manufacture and 
sale of which the plaintiffs are connected, and by reason of such 
representations they endeavour to obtain and have in fact 
succeeded in obtaining for the said machines sold by them some of 
the reputation attaching to machines of the plaintiffs’ manu- 
facture.”” Then we allege that ‘‘The defendant company well 
know that the name ‘Singer’ as applied to sewing machines is a 
trade name or designation of the plaintitis, and they use the name 
as aforesaid for the purpose of appropriating to machines sold by 
them the reputation attaching to machines of the plaintiffs’ 
manufacture, and to increase their own business by taking 
advantage of the reputation acquired by the plaintiffs.” Then 
there is an allegation of injury and an allegation that profit has 
been made. 

My Lord, the defence says: ‘‘ They do not admit that the 
designation ‘Singer’ simply means that the machines so 
designated are the plaintitls’ manufacture as alleged in paragraph 
7 of the statement of claim.” They admit that the defencants 
are a limited company dealing retail. Then there is a general 
denial of the paragraph that they have been selling or offering for 
sale their machines as ‘‘Singer’s,” and I think we may take it as 
a joinder of issue on the specific allegations contained in our 
statement of claim. ‘‘ They deny that they have ever in fact 
made or that they intend in the future to make any of the re- 
presentations as alleged in paragraph 11 of the statement of 
claim or any representations of a similar nature or effect.” And 
then in paragraph 6: <‘‘ Alternatively they say that if the said 
representations or any representations were made by their agents 
or any of them for the purpose, or in the manner or otherwise as 
alleged in the statement of claim (which is denied), such ve- 
presentations were made by the said persons without the know- 
ledge, authority, or consent of the defendants.” In point of fact, 
J rather read that as meaning to put in issue the question whether 
the representations were made rather than that the representa- 
tions beimg made did not imply they were the plaintiffs’ manu- 
facture. It certainly seems to me that it is only done in a half- 
hearted kind of way. 

IT should tell your Lordship one or two facts before I call my 
evidence. Theie was an action commenced by this King’s Supply 


Company alleging acts done by our agents for the purpose of. 


inducing people to break contracts by saying that the King’s 
machines were German trash, and soon. ‘That action came on 
first, and was tried before Mr. Justice Mathew. Unfortunately 
certain of our agents had done these things, and therefore the 
company had to pay damages. Your Lordship can well understand 
with a company of this description, employing a large number of 
agents all over the country, notwithstanding the strict injunctions 
and orders that are given, the agents do sometimes things which 
they ought not to do, and it was found in that case that they had 
pursuaded some people to break their contracts. We had to pay 
some £250 in consequence of that. My Lord, the writ in this 
action was issued a little later than the writ in the other action. 
No arrangement could be come to for the two cases being tried 
together, because I fancy there was some question whether there 
should be a jury. 

Mr. RuFus Isaacs: We offered it. 

Mr. BYRNE: We say we offered and you refused it. 
the parties could not agree. 

Now, my Lord, an action of this sort depends, of course, upon 
the evidence of the persons whom we allege have been deceived. 
We have given particulars of the cases on which we rely, and with 
the exception of two persons mentioned in the particulars, as to 
whom we do not propose to call evidence, we shall be able, I think, 
to prove our case. The case which we shall not go into is the 
ease of Miss Bourne. I say that for this reason, that Miss Bourne 
isa German. We cannot find her and we feel the difficulty of 
proving a case of this kind upon the evidence of other people who 
simply heard what she said. 


However, 


DEG 2 ,.1ss5e4 


‘Mr. Hopkinson : Which are the cases you do not intend to go 
into? 

Mr. Byrne: I will give you the names of the cases we are 
going to proye. They are Pitts, Webb, Willmott, Baines, and 
Faulkner, Knowles and Bourne are the cases we are not going 
into, 

My Lord, I think that is sufficient for me to say before putting 
in the evidence. I understand my friend accepts the general find- 
ings in your Lordship’s judgment in Spence’s case, not so far as 
they deal with Spence’s case alone, but so far as they are general 
findings in reference to the use of the word ‘‘ Singer.” 

Mr. Hopxinson : If the evidence were gone into in this case, 
the same conclusion would be arrived at by your Lordship. That 
is all I mean. 

Mr. BYRNE : 
“Singer ’’? 

Mr, HopKINSON : Yes. 

Mr. Byrne : My Lord, the first case I will take is that of 
Baines, and I do so because the evidence upon it was taken by 
deposition, and it is agreed that we need not call any special 
evidence to show that the witnesses cannot come up. Mrs. 
Baines is in the infirmary and was examined and cross-examined 
upon commission. 

(The Learned Counsel then read the deposition of Matilda 
Baines and the exhibits and documents referred to in it.) 


With reference ‘to the meaning of the word 


Mr. GILBERT DYKE WANSBROUGH, sworn. 
Examined by Mr. BULLEN. geet 

I believe you are a solicitor, of No. 6, Old Change, in the City 
of London ?—Yes. 

You are solicitor to the Singer Manufacturing Company ?—Yes. 

How long have you been their solicitor ?—A bout 14 years. 

You are fully acquainted with the business as carried on by 
them ?— Yes. - 

I believe they have expended a very Jarge amount in advertising 
their machines, have they not ?—Yes, very large. 

And they have also paid very large sums for the installation of 
their premises in the North of England and Scotland ?—Yes, in 
Scotland at Kilbowie, near Perth. 

They have taken out no patent for the machines as a whole ?— 
Not in their entirety. 

But they have for different parts of the machines which haye 
been adapted to them ?—Yes. 

At the present time do they make a very large number of 
different kinds of machines ?—Yes, a very large number. 

Do you know how many different kinds there are ?—Not. 
exactly, but there are over 30. 

Ayre those machines used in doing different kinds of work ?—Yes. 

Have all those machines got the name of ‘‘ Singer ” stamped on 
the arm ?—Yes. ; 

Have they ever authorised the use of the name ‘‘Singer ” by 
any other machine makers or any other company ?—No. 

Have you had the conduct of this action from its commence- 
ment ?—Yes. : 

You know that one of the persons to whom it is alleged the 
defendants have sold a machine as ‘‘ Singers,” was a Miss 
Bourne ?—Yes. 

I believe at the time you took her evidence she was in domestie 
service at Brighton ?—I believe so, but I did not take it myself. 
My clerk did. 

She was a German ?—Yes. : 

Have you tried to find her lately ?—Yes, I have used every 
endeavour. Iam informed that she has 1eturned to Germany. 

You cannot trace her ?—No. 

You are unable to procure her attendance here to-day ?—Utterly 
unable. 

With reference to Knowles what have you done ?—I haye used 
every endeavour to find her. I heard at one time that she was in 
the neighbourhood of Bedford, and I have had every endeayour 
made to find her, but cannot do so. I was most anxious to find 
her. 

Mr. Hopkinson : I submit to your Lordship that these cases 
ought to be withdrawn entirely. 

Mr. Justice RomER : This evidence is only to prevent your 
saying anything, because they have not produced them. 

Mr. Hopxryson : I am quite ready to go into them. 

Mr. Byrne: It is only to prevent your saying that we have 
not ventured to go into them. 

Mr. BuLLEN : I believe there was a person called Kate Field, 
who corroborated the evidence of Knowles. Have you been able 
to find her ? 

Mr. Byrne: Yes. She is here, 

Mr. BULLEN: Then it is my mistake. I am told she has 
changed her name, and that caused me to make the mistake, 


Cross-examined by Mr. Hopkinson. 


This dispute began originally by a complaint of Kine’s 
Company against your company, I think?—No, hardly in that 
way. 

Well, at all events, King’s Company complained to you that 
your agents were going round trying to induce their customers to 
break their contracts ?—Yes, but that was not really the com- 
mencement of this action. F 

Do you remember receiving a letter as far back as July 7th, 
1893, from the King’s Company ?—Yes. 

“We beg to call your attention to the conduct of your agents 
and servants at Bedford and elsewhere in regard to the way in 
which they carry on your business. During the last fortnicht or 
so our agents at Bedford put out 12 sewing machines, 10 of those 
have been returned to us under very extraordinary circumstances 
and from careful inquiries, which we haye made on the spot, it 
seems that your Bedford manager, Mr. Witty, instructs your 

























- 
e 


a | eee 


Dec. 2, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette. 15 


eS 


canvassers upon finding a rival firm’s sewing machine, and eyen 
other goods in the possession of a customer, to persuade the hirer 
(or as in this case the purchaser) to return the sewing machines 
or goods to the dealers if the customer states that the word 
‘Singer’ has in any way been used by the rival firm, Even if it 
could be proved that our agent used the term ‘Singer system,’ we 
maintain that such conduct on the part of your servants is 
altogether unjustifiable, but it is not necessary for us to put our 
case anything so high as that, because in the present instance ow 
agent did not use the term ‘Singer’ at all. Our agents are not 
authorised nor do they, in fact, use the term ‘Singer’ in the sale 
of our machines (such words and terms are unnecessary), nor are 
the above cases solitary ones” ?—Yes, [1emember that letter. 

As a matter of fact, after a sale had been made by the King’s 
people the Singer people’s servants were instructed to go round 
and see the King’s customers ?—No, sir, they were not. 

They did go round ?—They did. 

And the machines were accordingly returned by the customers? 
—I think they were in some instances. Jt was so proved in the 
other Court. 

And that course of character was characterised by Lord Esher 
as wicked and malicious ?—But he did not hear the manager, who 
was suffering from heart disease, and would have dropped 
down dead if I had put him in the box, 

At all events, what was proved in that case was, in the opinion of 
the Court of Appeal, malicious conduct in taking the defendants’ 
business ?—That was so. That referred to the man Witty. 

He was only one of several ?—I think there were two, both of 
whom were sued with us—a man named Witty and a man named 
Mathews. 

Mr, Justice Mathew held there had been systematic interference 
with the business of the defendants?—I think he did. Would 
you allow me to explain my answer a little further? 

I have no doubt it will be asked in re-examination 

Mr. Justice RoMER: Besides, I am not trying that case. 
~ Mr. ByRNE: We were very carefully kept from going into this 
case in the cther case. 

The Witness: This was the only answer to that case, and we 
were not allowed to show it. 

Mr. Hopkinson: The dispute between the parties has been 
going on since the month of June, 1893, has it not? I think 
there was some dispute before that as to using the name. It has 
en brought to my notice for a great number of years past off 
and on. 

Do you remember the defendants’ solicitor, on July 25th, 
1893, writing to you in these terms: ‘‘In further answer to your 
letter of July 17th we should like to say in reference to your 
allegation that you have ample evidence of our agents having 
used the term ‘Singer,’ that while denying the truth of what you 
say, yet we are quite willing if you will furnish us with the 
necessary particulars to investigate the circumstances under 
which you make the charge, and if we find that any of our agents 
have in direct defiance to our orders used the term ‘Singer’ in 
the manner suggested by you, we will at once use every 
endeavour to get such agent to make amends to you, and will 
caution him strongly as to his future conduct in that respect.” 
That offer you refused, I think ?— Well, I certainly did not supply 
them with particulars. : 

You did not think fit to take any proceedings at that time?— 
Well, Iveally did not think I should get any costs or damages 
from them even if I recovered them. I cannot sue everybody. — 

Please to answer the question. Did you think fit to take any 
proceedings ?—At that moment? ; 

Yes.—No, I think not. 

You knew at that moment of Pitt’s case and Webb’s case ?— 
I cannot pledge my memory with regard to that. I could by 
referring to some papers. : 

Can you give any case which you did not know then that you 
now put forward?—There were a number of cases afterwards 
discovered when the matter was gone into. 

Can you name any one of these cases?—I think my clerk will 
tell you better than I can. I cannot pledge my memory. 

Do you 1emember on April llth an offer being made by 
King’s Comp iny to you by letter in these terms :—‘‘ Dear sir,—In 
reply to yours of the 9th inst., referring to our former corre- 
spondence (1893), in which you state it was amply proved to you 
that whatever had been said had been brought about by ‘our 
people, kindly give us full particulars of these statements, and we 
will have the same strictly investigated. Referring further to 
ours, dated March 21st, we beg to assure you that your clients 
have been misinformed, and that their agents and servants have 
carried on business in the manner of which we complained, and if 
your clients are prepared to appoint a responsible person to meet 
a representitive from us upon the ground and inyestigate each 
case we will be ready upon your giving us one day’s notice. We 
make this offer in good faith, and feel sure that if your clients will 
meet us as suggested they will no longer deny our statements, 
but will give us the undertaking and protection asked ’’ ?—Yes. 

That offer was refused ?—It was not believed in. It was made 
as an offer wit an object, 

You are well enongh acquainted with the Court to know that 
yon ought to answer a question when it is put to you ?—Yes. 

Was that offer refused ?—Yes, it was. 

Then afterwards were you not asked to give an undertaking on 
your part that you would not follow what Lord Esher calls this 
wicked and malicious conduct, and was not an undertakine 
offered to you that they would do their best to prevent the use of 
the word ‘‘Singer,” and discharze any man whom they found 
doing so?—No, I have no recollection of such a thing. ‘ 

You do not remember the offer?—I say it was not offered. I 
know of no such offer being made in that way. 

Mr, Justice RoMER: This is not the essence of the case? 

Mr. Hopkinson : No, my Ler !, but we shall have to go into the 





particular examples and something may turn on this, Supposing 
a single agent did wrong. The question of bond fides may arise. 

Mr. Justice Romer: I did not want you to spend too much 
time on this. 

Mr. HopKINSON : If your Lordship pleases. 

Can you remember whether any of the cases you now put 
forward were discovered after June 19th, 1894?—I can only get at 
that by speaking to my clerk. 

We shall see by the dates themselves. You remember your 
letter of the 18th of June, 1894, which was not long before the 
acon was brought by King’s Company against your company ?— 

ves. 

You remember being asked to give an undertaking by letter ?— 
ue I was asked to give an undertaking and apology, and to pay 

Q. 

You remember a letter of* June 15th from Mr. Tudor, the 

solicitor to the defendants, to you ?—Yes. 
_ In which he says : ‘‘ As I have not heard from you, my clients 
instruct me to say that unless the Singer Company are prepared to 
retract the statements made by their agents on their behalf, pay 
compensation for the loss and injury to my clients, and give an 
widertaking to stop this kind of business in the future, by 
Wednesday next, I shall have to issue process claiming damages 
and an injunction.” You remember that letter ?—Yes. 

Do you remember writing back in answer to that request, “I 
can only say under the circumstances I must decline to accede to 
your request “—do you remember writing that ?—Yes. 

You allege in that letter that the statements made were that 
they were Singer machines, in fact, superior to the machines of the 
plaintiff ?—I believe that occurred in the letter, but you some- 
times have to be answerable for your shorthand clerk, and those 
words got in wrong. 

They are pretty tolerably intelligible, are they not?—No, I 
think not. 

That they were of Singer construction and better than those 
made by the Singer Company ?—That is not so. If those words 
had been introduced it would have been different. 

The mark ‘‘ Singer” on the Singer machines is a perfectly well- 
known mark to the public ?—Well, it is a well-known mark to the 
educated public, but I say not to the uneducated public. 

They mark every machine, do they not ?—They do. 

And they are machines embodying the Singer principle discussed 
in Loog’s case ?—The imitations are, but the machines now sold 
by my clients are not of that old species, and as the evidence 
showed in Spence’s case, there is no such thing as a Singer system 
now. 

At all events the machines involved the principle discussed in 
Loog’s case ?—Yes. 

Do you call King’s imitation machines ?—Yes. 

And they embody the principle so diseussed in those cases ?— 
Yes. 

Re-examined by Mr. BYRNE. 

The company’s machines are all known as Singer machines 
but they have different names, such as ‘‘ Medium,” ‘Family, 
and so on ?—Yes, the ‘‘vibrating shuttle” is the great machine 
at the present time. 

Just look at that document and tell me whether that does not 
give some of the names ?—Yes, it does. 

(The document was put in.) 

You were asked about some correspondence you had with Mr. 
Bray when disputes had arisen. You had a great deal of corre- 
spondence about the matter from first to last ?—Yes. 

And you did not come to terms before action ?—No. 

What was the first discussion you had with Mr. Bray about the 
use of the name?—I told him he had been using the name for 
years. 

; What was the date ?—That was about the same time. I had 
never seen him before. He called on me. 

With reference to the letters put in by my learned friend, did 
you think you had good reason to refuse what was proposed to 
you ?—Yes, I did. , ‘ ; 

Mr. Byrne: I can put in another witness on this head if my 
friend wishes it. 

Mr. Horxkrnson : I do not think it is any use. We can hardly 
go behind his Lordship’s judgment. 

Miss ELLEN FANNY PITTS, sworn. 
Examined by Mr. WILLIAM RUSSELL. 

Do you live at No. 230, Copenhagen Street, Bedford ?—Yes. 

About the 20th June last were you in service at Bedford ?—Yes. 

Mr. RusseLt: My Lord, I understand that she is now living 
at Streatham. In 1893 she was living at Bedford, 

The WITNESS : Yes. 

Mr. BYRNE: You are living at Streatham now ?—Yes. 

Mr. RusseLi: At what address were you living in Bedford ?— 
In Ashburnham Road. 

Did some one call upon you there in reference to a sewing 
machine ?—Yes. 

Do you know who it was?—A man named Markwell. 

Just tell my Lord what passed between you. 

Mr. Justice RomMER: What did he say?—He asked me if I 
wanted a sewing machine, and I said [was going to buy a Singer's 
machine. 

You said that you were going to buy one?—Yes. When I took 
the machine I thought it was a Singer’s 

Did he have a machine with him ?—He had it outside, 

Outside ?—Yes. 

And brought it in ?—Yes. 

Mr. RussELL: After that, what was said about the machine ?— 
I can hardly remember all that took place, it is such a time ago. 

Mr. Justice RomER: What she says is: ‘‘ He asked me if J 
wanted a sewing machine. I said I was going to buy one. Then 
I took a machine and thought it was a Singer’s,” 

Mr. RussEtt : I did not hear that. 





a ete ee ne a 


16: The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


Did. you then say something to him about the name on the 
machine ?—Yes, I said my sister had a machine that had the 
singer name on the arm, and he said if I had a machine with the 
name on the arm it would be £1 more. 


Mr. Justice Romper: You told him that your sister had one, 


with the name on ?—Yes. 

What did he say to that ?—He said it was £1 more with the 
name on the arm. This one had not got it on. 

Mr, RusseLn: Did you afterwards find out that it was not a 
Singer machine ?— Yes. 

Whom did you speak to about it ?—To my mother and sister. 

To your mother and sister ?—Yes, the one that had the machine. 

Thad not got the fact that you agreed to buy the machine. You 
did agree to buy this machine from the man ?—Yes. : 

And what were you to pay for it ?—£4 108.. Ibelieve, but I am 
not quite sure. 

£4 10s. ?—I believe so. 
was about it. 

In consequence of conversations and of communications made to 
vou, did you return the machine. to the defendant company ?— 
Yes, I did. 

And I believe that they brought it back ?—They brought it back, 
but I haye not got it. 

When you got this inachine what sort of machine did you expect 
to get ?—He told me it was a “‘ Singer Improved,” and I thought 
jb was a Singer without the name. 

What do you mean by a Singer without the name ?—Because 
he told me it was £1 more to have the name on the arm. 

Of whose make did you expect the machine to be ?—The Singer 
Company. 

Meaning the plaintiff company here ?—Yes. 


I can hardly remember. I think that 


Cross-examined by Mr. Hopkinson. 

Do you remember signing an agreement for purchasing this 
machine ?—The first time the men came I did. i 

That is it, is itnot (handinga paper to the witness) ?—Yes, 
I believe that was it. : 

That was on June 20th, I think ?—Yes. 

Now, to the best of your belief, have you told us all that 
happened ?—Yes, all that I can remember. 

You have a friend named Miss Geary, have not you ?—Yes. 

She bought one of the machines from IKine’s, I think ?—Yes, 
she did. 

Did Mr. Marshall tell you that your friend had bought one ?— 
He said a young git] down the road had bought one, but he did 
not know it was my friend, of course. 

You lived in the same road ?—Yes. 

He told you that one of the servants down the road had bought 
one ?—Yes. 

Was it yourself who wrote to the King’s Company when the 
machine was returned ?—No, it was a lady that was staying in the 
house who did it for me. 

Mr. Byrne: A Miss Fraser, was that ?—Yes. 

Mr. Hopkinson: You told her what to say, I suppose ?—No. 
I do not know what she said. 

Did you give her the real reason why you wanted it returned ?— 
I told her I thought I was buying a Singer machine. 

But did you give her the real reason? Now, listen to this 
letter ‘‘ Ellen Pitts ”»— — 

Mr. BYRNE: Had we not better have what passed. 

Mr. Hopkinson: I did not ask her what passed. 

‘if she gave any other reason. 

Mr. ByRNE: She was telling you. 

Mr. Horkinson: Do you remember this letter of the 26th 
June’? Was it written in your presence ?—No, 

“Ellen Pitts, who took a machine on approval last Tuesday, has 
returned it this morning per rail, as on consultation with her 
friends she finds she is not ima position to beein purchasing a 
machine just at present. She hopes it will arrive safely and 
yeerets having given the trouble of its returm”:—No, I do not 
remember it. 

You do not remember it ?—I did not see the letter at all, 

The lady wrote ic for you ?—Yes, she did write it for me. 

Before that letter was written by Miss Fraser do you 1emember 
some people calling to see you. Do you remember Mr. Witty 
and Mr. White calling to see you?—Not before the letter was 
written. 

When did they come? 
three days after, I think. 

About when would it be?—I should think on the third or fr nth 
day after that. 

After you had signed the agreement ?—No, after Miss Fraser had 
wrote that. 

Then you saw the letter, did you ?—Ne, I did not see the letter, 
Mr. Witty ealled after the letter was sent. 

You knew that the letter was sent ?—Yes, I knew that. 

‘Then who was it who called--Mr. Witty and Mr. White, were 
they the two?—Mr. Witty. I do not know the other name. 

Was there mere than one person ?—Yes, | think there was two. 

Did they ask you to give up the machine?—No, they did not. 
I decided to send it back hefore. ¢ 

Had you sent it back?—It was not sent. 

Mr. Justice RoMER: Did they ask you to give up the machine? 
-—No, they did not ask me to send it back. — 

Mr. Hopkinson : Did they tell you that Miss Geary had sent 
hers back?—No, I did not know that until T had seen Miss 
Geary ? : 

Did not they tell you that there were other servants in the 
ne:ehbourhood sending machines back ?—I do not remember. ; 

Do you remember at all what passed ?—Ne, 1 do not. 


LT asked her 





Tdo not know for certain, but two or 





Nothing at all?—i have not the slightest idea. 
You have not the slightest recollection of anything that Mr. 
Witty or Mr. White said ?—Ne I have not, : 2 


} not ask you to keep it ? 





SE Teer se ee ee 


Dec. 2, 1895. 





Do you remember Mr. Gray calling? 
he is here. Perhaps he would. stand up. 
Do you know Mr. Gray ?—No. 

Do you remember this gentleman calling (pointing)?—No, I 
do not. i ; 

Ave you prepared to say that he did not call?—I cannot 
remember anything. 

Can you say whether he called or not ?—I cannot 1emember,. 

Did he tell you that he had come from the Singer Company ?— 
No, [I do not remember him calling. 

Then you do not remember anything about that one way or the 
cther?—No. 

Neither about Mr. Gray’s calling, nor about Mr. White or 
Mr. Witty ?—No. 

Except that Mr. Witty did call?—Yes, afterwards, I- believe. 

Then do you remember a second letter being written on the 
29th June, ‘‘ Ellen Pitts, of above address, distinctly refuses to 
have anything more to do with the machine she took from your 
agent, and returned within a week. No damage has come to it 
in her hands, and she neyer was told that she could not return it 
if it did not meet with the approval of her friends. She is a 
minor, being just 18 years of age, so she must consult with a 
good lawyer if she is responsible for payment of a machine that 
she no longer wishes. Your agent has again called, and has in 
the absence of the Jady of the house bounced her into signing an 
agreement to rece ve it again. Ts that law?” Do you know 
who the agent was who called again?—I only remember Markywell. 

You do not remember that letter ?—No, I do not remember it. 

You remember nothing about that letter ?—No. 

Was not that written on your instructions?—1 did not see that 


I do not know whether 
(Mr. Gray stood up.) 


| letter at all. 


Is it true that after Mr. Witty called, you do not remember 


the cthers, Mr. Markwell and a gentleman named Cottrell 
j calling 


2—I cannot remember only Mr. Markvwell. 

Did they ask you to take the machine back —Yes. 

And you agreed todo so?—No, I donot remember agreeing to it. 

Ave you sure you did not?—I cannot remember doing so. 

You remember nothing about it ?—Ne. 

It is completely gone from your niind ?—-Yes, it is. 

Ts not what you signed written on that envelope (handing it to 
the witness) ?—I cannot remember doing it. 

At all events, that is your signature ?—Yes, I believe that is 
my signatuie. 

Aie you prepared to say you did not agree to take it back ?—I 
would not say ; I have not the slightest idea. 

You have quite forgotten all about it?—Yes, I have. 

Do not you remember Mr. Cottrell coming with Mr. Markwell 
when that agreement was signed ?—I do not remember the name 
at all. 

(Mr. Cottrell was directed to stand up in Court.) 

Do you remember that gentleman calling ?—No, I do not re- 
member him. : 

You have no recollection of that gentleman who is now stand- 
ing up ?—No. 

Do not you remember talking about this machine, and did they 
Wes: 

You do not remember anything about it ?—No. 

Did you not tell Mr. Cottrell and Mr. Markwell that Singer’s 
people had called and advised you to send the machine back ?— 
No, I did not. : 

You did not do that?—No. Singer’s people did not advise me 
to send it back, but my mother and sister. - ; 

Did you not tell Mr. Cottrell and Mr. Markwell so?—No. 1 





f do not remember doing anything of the kind. 


And did you not ask them if Miss Geary had promised to take 


f her machine back ?—Not to my recollection. 


And did you not say—‘* I will take mine back and pay for it,” 


} and did you not then sign the agreement ?—I do not remember 
} doing it at all. 


Your mind is a perfect blank ?—Yes, it is about that. 

You have no recollection how you came to sign that writing on 
the envelope ?—None whatever. 

Net in the least ?—Ne. : 

Do you remember ancther gentleman calling—a Mr. Werrall? 
—No. 

(Mr. Worrall was directed to stand up in Court.) 

Do you remember him ?—Yes, I think T remember him. 

De you know when he called 2—No, I do not. 

You cannot tell me whether he called before or after Mr. 
Cettrell 2—No, I cannot. 

Did you make any complaint to him about having been deceived ? 
—Net as I can remember. 

Do you remember his asking you to let him return the machine ? 
—No, I do not remember it. : 

Do you remember anything that passed on his calling ?—No, I 
do not. 

You have not the faintest recollection 2—Net at all; I have said 
all I remember about the matter. 

You think you have seen Mr. Werrall?—Yes, I believe so, but 
I could not be certain. : 

Your mind is a blank about what was said ?—Yes. 

And you cannot tell whether he asked you to return the machine 
or not ?—No, he did not because [had made up my mind to return 
it before. ‘ 





De you remember Mr. Bray and Mr. Markvell calling about 


this machine ?—Mr. Markvell called. 
(Mr. Bray was directed to stand up in Court.) 
Do you remember that gentleman calling ?—No, I do not. 
Your mind is quite a blank about anything that passed at any 
of those calls ?—Yes. 


Did you have an irstruetion book given you with the machino? 
—No, E 








Ee 








4 


Dec. 2, 1895. 


and Sewing Machine Gazette, 17 





Did you have a little paper like this. (Handing same to the 
witness) 2—No, I had nothing with it. 

Was a paper like that sent to you afterwards ?—No, I never 
had one of these. 

When did this machine go away ?—It was left at our house till 
[ left. My mistress went away then. 

It never was actually sent back as long as you were there ?— 
Yes, it was sent back and brought back again. 

Who brought it back ?—I believe Markwell. 

Did he see you when he brought it back ?—Yes, he did. 

Can you remember whether that was not when you signed that 
paper ?—No, I cannot remember signing that paper. 

You cannot say ?—No. 

Do you remember a phetograph like this being produced to you 
(handing same to the witness)?—I do not remember seeing it. 
I would not say either way. 

You have no recollection whether you saw such a photograph or 


_not ?—None at all. 


Re-examined by Mr. BYRNE. 

This lady, Miss Fraser, was staying at the house you were at? 
—Yes. 

She wrote this letter for you ?—Yes. 

Did you tell her what had happened ?—Yes. 

And then she wrote this for you ?—Yes. 

You did not see the letter she wrote ?—No, none of them. 

Did she write both of the letters for you ?—Yes, I did not write 
at all. 

I think the people you were living with went abroad ?—Yes. 

That was how you came to leave their service ?—Yes. 

D d Miss Fraser go with them, do you know ?—Yes. 

Do you know whereabouts abroad they went to ?—No, I do not. 

I just want to understand the story exactly. You remember 
the first time you got the machine which was sold to you and left ? 
—Yes. 

Then it was sent hack ?—Yes. 

Then somebody came and brought it back to you again ?—Yes. 

Was that one man or two men ?—Only one that [remember. 

Was it Markwell, the same man who had been there hefore ?— 
I believe it was. 

What did he do when he came back with it?—I told him I 
should not have it, and he pushed his way into our kitchen, and 
put it down inside, and it \vas left where he placed it till it was 
veturned. 

Do you remember the carrier being told to take the machine to 
the station the second time ?—Yes. 

Who was it told him to go and do it ?—My mother. 

That was when your employers were leaving, and your mother 
told the carrier to take it back to the station, addressed to the 
King’s Company ?—Yes. 


Mary ANN WEBB, sworn. 
Examined by Mr. BULLEN. 


Are you now in service at Church End, Finchley ?—Yes. 

Where were you in service in June, 1893 ?—I was at Bedford. 

In June, 1893, do you remember a man coming to you about a 
sewing machine ?—Yes. 

In whose service were you at that time ?—Mr. Moody’s. 

Did you buy that machine ?—I took it under the condition as 
the man told me that it was a Singer Improved machine, 

Mr. Justice ROMER: What did he say ?—That it was a Singer 
Improved machine. ; 

Mr. BULLEN: Whose make did you believe that machine to be? 
—singer’s. 

Dd you purchase that machine ?—Yes. 

What was to be the price of it ?—£4 15s. 

Had you any conversation as to what sort of machine you 
wanted?—Yes, I told him that my sister had a Singer machine 
and I wanted one like hers. 

Some time after that date did a person of the name of Witty 
call on you ?—Yes. : 

What did he want ?—He wanted to know if I wanted to buy a 
inachine, and I told him I had already got one. ‘ 

Ded he tell you from whom he came ?—Yes. 

From whom ?—The Singer Company. 

D.d you then show him the machine you bought from the 
other people ?—No, I said I was too busy. ‘ 

Did you at any time show him that machine ?—No. 

Did you after that show it to yom master, Mr. Moody ?—Yes. 

And from what Mr. Moody told you, did you find out it was 
not a Singer ?—I found out from the Singer Company that it was 
not a Singer. 

When did you find that out?—They ealled on me the day 
after I purchased the machine. ; 

Who was it called ?—One of the agents from the Singer Company. 

Was that before Mr. Witty came or after ?—Before, 

Did you show him this machine ?—No, | did not. 

Did you show the agent of Singer’s the machine ?—No, 

How did you find out from him it was not a Singer ?—Beeause 
he asked me if I had purchased the machine from London, and I 
told him I had, and he said he had been to several other girls in 
Ledford, and they had been taken in by the man; and therefore 
lic told me that was not a Singer. 

Thereupon you saw your master about it ?—Yes. 

Did your master advise you to do anything with the machine? 
-——He advised me to send it back. 

To whom ?—-To the Universal Company in London. 

And did you do so ?—Yes. 

What happened about the machine after yon had sent it back? 
--The man Markwell called down from London and asked me why 
I sent back the machine. 

What did you say to him ?—I told him one of the agents for the 
Singer Company had called on me, and had told me it was 
common German rubbish. 








What more took place then with the man?—He asked me to 
take back the machine, and he said that if I did not [ must pay 
for it whether or no. Therefore I consented to take back the 
machine. 

At that interview with him did he tell you whose make it was, 
or what sort of machine it was?—That it was a Singer Improved 
he still stated. 

He told you that ?—Yes. 

Was this man Markwell the same person as had sold you the 
machine originally ?—Yes. 

Upon this occasion had he the machine with him ?!—No, he had 
not. 

Was it sent back to you at Bedford ?—Yes. 

Did you again inform your master of what had taken place ?— 
Yes. 

Did he thereupon tell you that you were again to return the 
machine and he would take all responsibility ?—Yes. 

Was it sent back ?—It was sent back. 

Have you had it back since then again ?—No., 

Cross-examined by Mr, HOPKINSON. 

The first thing was that Mr. Markwell called upon you and 
then you signed an agreement, did you not ?—Yes. 

Did you know Singer's machines before this ?—Yes. 

You had seen them ?—Yes, I had seen them. 

You know they are usually marked with the name ?—Yes. 

That is the contract you signed, I think—(handing a document 
to the witness) ?—Yes, I signed that. 

Afterwards did you receive a paper by which the company 
warranted that the machine would work for five years ?—Yes, 

Haye you got that paper ?—No. 

Then [ will put in a paper like it. Just look at that and see 
if it was on a form like that (handing same to witness) ?—It was 
not on a form like that. 

Was it on a printed form like that?—No, it was not on a form 
like that. 

Then what was it like?—It was a eard—a plain card. 

Who gaye you that ?—The man Markwell sent it down to me. 

Do you know how the Singer machine works?—I had nothing 
to do with Singer’s machines. 

Do you know how they work ?—No, but I have seen them. 

And you have seen the name on them ?—Yes. 

After Mr. Markwell had sold you the machine the next thing 
was that somebody called from the Singer Company ?—Yes. 

Was that when they told you it was German rubbish ?—It was. 
Do you remember who that was?—I think it was Mr. Gray, but 
I am not sure. 

Did Mr. White also come from the Singer Contpany ?—I forget 
the name, but I know there were two who called. 

From Singer's ?—Yes. 

Did they ‘oth eall the very day after the machine was sold, 
There was only one called from Singer’s the day after the machine 
was sold, but there were two called. 

Did they not tell you that these girls were sending their 
machines back ?—Yes. 

I think they wanted you to send yours ?—Yes. ae 

Did they not ask you whether you had not been deceived ?— 
Yes, they did. 

Did you not say no ?—I had not looked at mine. 

Did you not say no ?—I did not. 

Did you not say no, you had not ?—No, I did not. 

Ave you sure of that ?—Yes. 

You remember it was after that call that the letter was written 
by your master ?—Yes. } 

Do you remember Mr, Cottiell calling ?—No, I do not. 

The gentleman who stood up a moment ago ?—No. 

Perhaps that gentleman will stand up again. Do you 1emember 
that centleman calling (Mr. Cottrell stood up in Court) ?—No, I 
do not remember him at all. 

And Mr. Markwell ?—I remember him calling. 

That was the occasion when you agreed to take the machine 
back, wasit not ?—Yes. 

Did you not tell him that Singer’s people had been ?—Yes, 

And had asked you to say that you were deceived ?—Yes. 

And that you had told them that you had not been ?—Yes. 

Mr. Justice Romer : You did tell them you said that you had 
not been deceived ?—Yes. 

Mr. Hopkinson: Then you agreed to take it back, and then 
I think Singer's people came and urged you again to send it back? 
—They did not come a second time, 

Did not Mr. Witty come ?—Yes. 

And Mr. Gray ?—Yes. 

Did they call together ?—No, they did not call together. 

There were two calls ?—Yes. 

You cannot say as to Mr. White ?—No. 

That is the letter your master wrote, I think. (Handing a 
letter to the witness) ?—Yes, this is the one. 

Did your master think that your wages should not have been 
spent in buying this machine ?—No, he did not say so. : 

Then do you remember Mr. Bray and Mr. Markwell calling 
Jater on 2—Yes. 

On the 80th, I think ?—Yes. 

After your master had written the second letter ?—Yes. 

Then they asked you to keep the machine, I think?—Yes, they 
did. 

Dd you tell them you had been deceived ?—Yes, I did. 

Beth Mr. Bray and Mr. Markwell?—Yes. 

Then what did they say ?—They asked me who had been com- 
plaining about it, and I told them two agents from the Singer 
Company had told me I had been deceived... f 

Did you tell them who had told you to send it back ?—Yes. 

Who ?—The Singer Company. : R 

You told-Mr, Bray and Mr. Markwell that the Singer Company’s 
men had been and urged you to send it back ?—Yes, I did. 


Toe 





The Journal! of Domestic Appliances 


Dec. 2, 1895. 


eS 


- And did you tell Mr. Markwell that he had deceived you ?— 
Yes, because I had taken the machine thinking it was a Singer. 

fs On that oceasion you did ?—Yes, I had taken the machine think- 
ing it was a Singer. 

Did you tell Mr. Markwell that he had deceived you ?—Yes. 

What did he say ?—He said it was a ‘‘ Singer Improved.” 

And he said he had not told you it was a ‘‘ Singer ” ?—Yes. 

On which occasion was it that Mr. Markwell told you:that ?— 
The second time of his calling. ; 

When he called with Mr. Bray ?—Yes. 

On the first occasion—I mean when he called on the first 
occasion and you signed the agreement to take it back—had you 
told him then that he had deceived you ?—Yes, I told him then. 

The first time as well ?—Yes, he said he wanted to know who 
had been there. 

What did he say when you told him he had deceived you ?—He 
still said it was an ‘‘ Improved Singer” machine. 

And you said he had deceived you ?—Yes. : 

And what did he say ?—He said it was a ‘‘ Singer Improved.” 

Did he say it was one of Singer’s ?—He said it was one of Singer’s 
Improved machines. 

You have a friend named Sarah Mary Peppitt, have you not ?— 
Yes. 

Mr. Markwell called again after he had called with Mr. Bray, 
did he not ?—Yes. 

Then your fellow-servant ordered one of these machines of him, 
I think, in your presence ?—Yes. 

And you still retained your machine at that date?—I had 
returned the machine. 

It had gone, had it ?—Yes. 

Who took it away ?—I sent it away by a hoy who was working 
there. 

Do you remember Mr. Bray calling on the 31st? Was that the 
agreement you signed about taking the machine back (handing a 
document to the witness)? Whose writing is that ?—This is my 
handwriting. 

Then I put in that document. Am I to take it that you have 
no recollection either of Mr. Cottrell calling or of Mr. White 
calling ?—I have not, : 

Do you remember Mr. Bray calling again on the 21st July ?—I 
remember Mr. Bray calling a second time. 

On the second call of Mr. Bray’s did you not tell him that Mr. 
Witty had been to call on you on the 17th ?—Yes. 

And that he told you that the machine was worthless German 
rubbish ?—Yes, I did. 

And that other girls in Ashburnham Road had returned their 
machines ?— Yes. 

Under his advice ?—Yes. 

Did you not then say that you were satisfied with the machine ? 
—I was not satisfied with the machine. 

Did you not tell him you were ?—I did not say I was satisfied 
with the machine. 

Did you say you were not?—I was not satisfied with the 
machine. 

But did you tell him so ?—Yes. 

Did you then say you regretted you had caused him so much 
trouble ?—No, I did not. 

Did you not ask him for ancther warranty as to its working ?— 
He said whether I would take the machine back or not I would 
have to pay for it, and I thought before I lost the machine and the 
money too I would take back the machine. 

Did he not then say he would give you a warranty of the 
machine for seven years as to its working ?—Yes. 

You received that paper ?—I haye received the warranty. 

Was that on a form ?—No, 

ene this action was brought I think you have signed a paper ? 
—Yes, 

aon would not sign your name to anything that was not true? 
—No, sir. 

Do you remember signing this (handing a document to the 
Witness)? You remember your fellow-servant, Sarah Mary 
Peppitt, being present in January last year ?—Yes. 

Then do you remember signing that document. Jt says this: 
“In or about the month of (blank), 1890, 1 purchased a sewing 
machine from the plaintiff company ”—that meant % 
Universal Supply Company, did it not ?—Yes. 

“‘ Well knowing at the time I bought it that it was nota 
machine of the Singer Company’s make.” Js that so ?—I did 
know that it was not a Singer machine. 

«And I say that the plaintiff company’s agent did not use the 
term ‘Singer’ in the sale thereof” ?—But he did. : 

Do you remember signing that ?—I did sign that. 
ee would not sign anything that was not true, would you ?— 

0. 

Then it says : ‘‘I should not have returned the said machine to 
the plaintiffs, or have broken my contract with them had it not 
been for the interference and statements made to me by the 
agents of the Singer Company ” ?—I should not have done then, but 
T should afterwards. ne 

*©On behalf of the said defendant company so that J] would 
take one of the defendant company’s machines.” By the 
defendant company you meant the Singer Company ?—Yes. 

You remember signing that statement in the presence of your 
fellow-servant. That is your signature ?—Yes. 

And your fellow-servant was present ?—Yes. 

Mr. Justice RoMER: You believed at the time 
signed was true?—Yes. 

Mr, Justice ROMER: Let me see it. 


King’s 


that what you 


(The document was handed to his Lordship.) 
Mr. HoPKINSON: Your Lordship will see it is headed in the 


other action, but very properly, if I may say so,'it is not sworn, 


because this witness had made an affidavit in this action, and it 
would have been wrong to ask her to swear it. 

Did you mean to make an untrue statement, or did you believe 
that to be true when you signed it in January ?—No, I did not. 

Did you believe it to be true or not when you signed it. Did 
you think you were telling what was true when you signed that 
or not ?—Yes, I did. 

You thought you were telling what was true?—Yes. 

On the 17th January, when you signed that in the presence of 
your fellow-servant you thought that all that you had stated 
there was true ?—Yes. 

And you are not prepared to say now it is not ?—No, sir, I am 
not. 

You are not prepared to deny what you have signed, are you? 
—No. 
Mr. Byrne: May I ask your Lordship to allow me to see that 
statement. 

Mr. Justice RomMER: Yes; but is it not almost useless after 
that to ask this witness anything about it ? 

Re-examined by Mr. BYRNE. 

First of all let me ask you about this last document. Do you 
yemember you made an affidavit in this case in November, 1894? 

Mr. Hopkinson: I do not know, my Lord, whether that is 
admissible. This is my friend’s own witness. 

Mr. Byrne: But I mayask her whether she made an affidavit? 

Mr. Justice ROMER: Yes, you can ask her that. 

Mr. Byrne: I will not carry it very far. I only propose to ask 
her proper questions, 

Mr. Justice Romer: Js it any use, Mr. Byrme? 
shifts about in her statements so much. 
you like. 

Mr. ByRNE: Were you or were yon not deceived when you 
bought this machine at first ?—Yes, I was. 

How were you deceived ?—Because J took the machine thinking 
it was a Singer machine. 

Have you ever said that you were not deceived ?—No, I have 
not. 

In that way, I mean?—Not in that way. 

Tonly want to understand, and I only want you to tell me 
what is the positive truth. Do I understand you rightly that 
you thought you were buying a Singer machine and you found 
you had not got one, and therefore you considered you were 
deceived ?—Yes. 

Js that right ?—Yes. e 

Can you remember telling anybody that you had not been 
deceived, to your recollection, in that way ?—No, IJ did rot. 

Is your memory quite clear and distinct about when you bought 
this machine—what you wanted to get when you bought it, T 
mean ?—I wanted to get a Singer's machine, 

You are quite certain of that ?—Yes. 

At that time you wanted to get that sort of machine ?—Yes. 

Can you tell me where you signed this paper ?—At Finchley, 

While you were at Finchley ?—Yes. : : 

Who brought it to you to sign?—Mr. Markwell. 

Was it already written out. It looks to me as if there had 
been more than one copy. Was it written while you were there 
or was it already written out?—It was already written out. 

Was it read to you?—Yes. 

How did you come to sign it? Why did you sien it? Did Mr. 
Markwell ask you to sign it ?—He asked me if I would sign it. 

Did he give you any reason why he wanted it signed, I only 
want to know how you came to sign it, and I only want you to 
tell me absolutely the truth about it. I really do not know 
myself. How was it that you came to sign it—what made you 
sien it? (A pause.) 

Mr. Justice RomMER: What made you sign it, do you remember? 
—Yes. 

Then why did you sign it? (Another pause.) 

Mr. Byrne: Did anybody persuade you to sign it, or ask you 
to sign it, or how came you to do it? Nobody wants to hurt you. 
about it, I only want to know the story? (Another pause.) 

Mr. Justice RoMER: Yon did sign it ?—Yes. 

You cannot say why ?—Ne, I cannot. 

Mr. Byrne: Did Mr. Markwell remind you that you had 
made affidavits on the other side ?—Yes, he did. 

Which is true? Was the story true that you told——? 

Mr. Justice ROMER: Ne, no; the lady’s memory changes so. 
T do not think she is meaning tosay what is not true, Mr. Byrne, 
but her memory obviously varies from moment to moment. 
After what I have said need you ask any more? 

Mr. ByRNE: There are one or two things J should like to ask 
about, but after what your Lordship has said I should not think 
of relying upon this witness. Ib would not be right. 

Mr. Justice ROMER: Ne. 

Mr. BYRNE: You told my Lord that Mr. Gray told you it was 
German rubbish. Is he in Court? (Mr. Gray stood up.) Is that 
the man who told you?—Yes. 

Cottrell you do not remember ?—No. ; 

Will Mr. Markwell stand up? (Mr. Markwell stood up.) Is 
that the gentleman ?—Yes. 

Mr. JoHN FrepERICK BADGHR Moony, sworn. 
Examined by Mr. BYRNE. 

You, J think, have been 1ecently called to the Bar 2—Yes. 

I do not know what you were before. What were you before ?— 
A veterinary surgeon. 

oe last witness, Mary Ann Webb, was in your employment? 
—Yes. 

In whose handwriting are those two letters. (Handing the 
letters to the witness)?—They are in the handwriting of m 
wife’s sister. My wife was away at the time and my wife's 
sister, who was managing the house for me, wrote the letters, 


The witness 
However, ask her what 












Dec. 2, 1895. 


Were the letters written after consultation with you? Had 
your wife's sister spoken to you about them before she wrote 
them ?—Yes, she mentioned the fact to me. 

One of these I see is dated June 27th. Had your servant 
spoken to you personally, or to your wife’s sister on the subject ? 
—I think she spoke to my wife’s sister, and also tome personally. 

About what had taken place ?—Yes. : 

And your wife’s sister wrote that letter?2—Yes, under my 
direction more or less. 

The servant did not see ?—No. 

The second one appears to be dated June the 29th. Was that 
also written under similar circumstances by your wife’s sister more 
or less under your direction ?— Yes, 

After what you had heard of the statement made by the 
servant ?—Yes. 

Mr. Hopkinson : The servant saw neither letter ?—No, she did 
not gee the letters at all. It was in consequence of a complaint 
that was made. 

Mr. Byrne : I have not quite finished with the witness yet. 

Mr. Hopkinson : I beg your pardon. I thovght you had. 

Mr. Byrne: The machine was returned a second time, was it 
not ?—Yes. 

And in consequence of your advice it went back again ?—Yes, 

Cross-examined by Mr. HOPKINSON. 


You told me just now that the servant saw neither letter, nor 
was either letter read to her ?—I will not say they were not read 
to her, but to the best of my belief they were not. 

Neither letter ?—She made a complaint to me. The letters 
were written under my direction, but Ido not think she knew 
what was in the letters—that is what I mean. 

Were you not from home at the time they ,were actually 
written ?—No. 

Neither ?—No, I know one was written—I feel certain both of 
them were written while I was in the room. I know I gave my 
sister-in-law directions for both, and one was written, I am quite 
certain, while I was in the room. 

You think you were at home at the time ?—Yes, I think I was 
at home, ; 

(Adjourned to to-morrow morning at 10.30.) 





SECOND DAY, 
ELIZABETH ALICE FAULKNER, sworn, 
Examined by Mr. BULLEN. 

I believe you now live at 85, Shirley Street, Hove, Sussex 1— 
Yes, [ do. 

In the month of April, 1893, were you in service at No. 8, 
Waterloo Street, Brighton ?—Yes, I was. 

Do you 1emember, one day, in that month of April, a person 
calling on you and asking you to buy a sewing machine ?—Yes. 

What answer did you make to him when he asked you that ?— 
At first I said I did not want one, and afterwards I said, Yes, I 
wanted a Singer machine, 

Did he show you a list ?—— 

Mr. Justice RomMER : You had better ask her what passed, I 
always like a witness to tell her own story first. 

Mr. BULLEN: If your Lordship pleases. Tell us exactly what 
passed ?—I do not remember him showing me any list at all. 

Mr. Justice RomrER: Tell us what passed ?—As far as I 
remember, I think he had the machine with him, but it is so long 
ago. At any rate, I agreed to have one. I did not know whose 
make it was. 

Mr. BuLLEN : Was anything said as to the price—what you 
were to pay for it ?—Yes, I think so. 

How much?—I think it was £4 something, but I cannot 
remember exactly. 

Do you remember whether or no at that time you signed a 
paper ?—I cannot remember doing so. I have tried to, but I 
cannot remember signing any paper. 

Was any book of instructions left with you ?—Yes, but there 
was no name on the book because I hunted for it and took it 
home to mother. I said ‘*I do not know whose machine I haye 
got, there is no name in the book.” 

Had you ever seen a Singer machine before this time ?—I had 
noticed them, but I had never worked one or anything of that 
kind. 

After the machine had been left with you, did you try to work 
it ?—Yes, I did. 

Could you work it ?—No, I could not thread the shuttle. I 
could not manage it. 

Was the name of ‘‘ King’s Universal” mentioned to you at 
all?—Not as far as I can remember. I cannot remember any 
more. 

Do you remember a man calling on you and asking you for 
payment ?—Yes. 

How long after you had received the machine was that ?—I 
believe it was the next day as far as I can remember, 

How much did he ask you for then ?—5s. 

Did you receive a card ?—After I had paid the money. 

Mr. Justice RomER ; You paid the 5s. ?—I think I paid half-a- 
crown and sent the other half-crown, because I did not have it at 
the time—all of it. 

Mr. BuLLEN : You said you received the card after you had 
paid the money. Have you got the card ?—No, I have not. 

What did you do with it ?—It was sent back with the machine. 

Do you remember in the month of May, 1894, Swindon, who is 
a collector for the Singer Company, calling upon you ?—Yes, I do, 

Will you tell us what conversation you had with him about the 
machine ?—He asked me if I had a machine. I said, yes, I had 
one, but I did not care much about it. 

Mr, Hopxinson : I do not see how this can be evidence. 

Mr, Justice Romer : I do not know that it is rery material. 








and Sewing Machine Gazette. 19 





Mr. Burien: I will take it in another way. Did you see 
Swindon and did you have some conversation with him in respect 
of the machine you had bought from the man ?-—Yes, | had, 

In consequence of what he told you what did you do? 

Mr. Justice RoMER: You say Swindon was the defendants’ 
collector? 

Mr. BULLEN: No, my Lord, the plaintilis. Swindon called 
upon her and said something about the machine, and I ask her 
what did she do then?—He said: I thought I should prefer 
Singer’s to King’s. 

In consequence of what he told you what did you do with that 
machine which had been left with you in 1893 ?—It was sent back 
to King’s. 

y oe it had been returned did Mr. Bray call upon you ?—Yes, 
e did. 

What did Mr. Bray say to you ?—He said I had no business to 
return the machine after having it, and that he could force me to 
pay for it whether I had the machine or not. 

Did he produce a paper to you ?—What kind of a paper? 

Did he produce any paper—any writing ?—No, not as far as I 
can remember. 

Did he dictate anything to you to write ?—Yes, he told me I 
should have to write a letter. I was very much frightened about 
it, and I did not want to get into any bother, so I said Singer’s 
would have to take theirs back, and I would have King’s rather 
than get into any trouble. He said it would pass off all right, 
and I must write a letter, so I wrote what he said. 

Mr. Justice ROMER : Then you had got a machine in the mean- 
time from Singer’s ?—Yes, 

Mr. BuLLEN: Is that the letter you wrote at his dictation 
(handing a letter to the witness) ?—Yes, that is the one. 

‘May 27th, 1893, Messrs. Kings & Co.—Dear sirs, I am sorry 
to haye caused trouble in allowing Mr. Swindon, Singer’s agent, 
to take away and return the machine I purchased. He called 
several times and told me your machine was useless, and that he 
would undertake to return it to you, and that you would be 


satisfied, The coupons I enclose Singer’s agent left me this morn- 
ing. I have not paid any money, nor do [I intend.” Then, my 


Lord, there is a part which we cannot decipher, and it goes on 
“the misrepresentation which caused me to part with your 
machine which I was satisfied with, and which I will receive back 
and pay for as per my agreement.” I do not know what the 
intermediate part is. 

Mr. Justice RoMER : I cannot tell you. I cannot make it out. 

Mr. BULLEN : Perhaps the witness herself will be able to read it, 

Mr. Justice RoMER : Justhand it to her and let her see. 

(The document was handed to the witness). 

Mr. BuLLEN: Can you make it out?—No. 

Perhaps it is not very material, Did you after that keep the 
machine which you had originally bought, or did you not?— 
King’s machine ?—Yes.—It was gone back then. 

Did you keep it ?—I had not got it then. 

After Bray’s interview with you when that letter was dictated, 
did you afterwards again receive the machine or not ?—No, 

You have not had it back since ?—No, 

Cross-examined by Mr. HOPKINSON. 

You do not remember very clearly about this matter which 
occurred so long ago, do you ?—Pretty well. 

Then why did you say it was so long ago that you had rather 
forgotten it ?—Well, some things I have forgotten and some I 


remember. 
Can you remember who it was first called to see you?—No, I 


do not know him. : : 
You would not know him again ?—No, I do not think I should, 
Was the book of instructions left with you like that? (Handing 
same to the witness). Look at the back of it ?—Yes, it was one 
like that. ths 
Look at the picture of the machine in front. 
machine you bought ?—Yes, it was. : ; 
And the machine had ‘‘ Universum” on it, had it not?—I do 


not remember seeing anything on it. | F g 

Mr. Hopxkuyson : I put that book in with the picture of the 
machine on the front. 

(The document was put in and marked B.A.F. 2). z 

You signed an agreement for the purchase of the machine, did 
you not ?—I do not remember doing so. 

Is that the agreement you signed. (The document was handed 
to the witness) ?—I suppose it is, but I do not at all remember 


Was that like the 


signing 1b. 
(The document was put in and marked E.A.F, 3.) 

That is yours ?—It must be. | 5 

But you have no recollection of it 2—I have no recollection at 
all. The man was not at the door perhaps more than fiveminutes. 

You have completely forgotten signing that ?—Yes, I do not 
remember it at all. : 

But you have no doubt that is your signature 2—It must be. 

You have no recollection when you signed it ?—No. 

Or who was there, or anything about it ?—No, I cannot 
remember the man. wr 

In fact, as far as that agreement is eoncerned, until it was put 
into your hands your mind was a complete blank ?—Yes, it is 
quite true what I say. 

Do you remember, after you had agreed to purchase, Mr, 
Bray calling and giving you a card and another little paper ?— 
Tt must have been when [ paid the money. 

You paid 2s. 6d, ?—Yes. ee 

You remember paying Mr. Bray 2s. 6d. ?—Y¢s, I remember pay- 
ing that. I had no more money at the time. ; 

You made no complaint to him I suppose when you paid the 
2s. 6d. 2—Yes, I told him that the man who supplied me with the 
machine told me I should not have to pay, that I should have the 


D 


20 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


ee  ——— 
machine for a month on trial, and I said I could not pay then as I 
had not got the money, and he said that I should not have to pay 
till I paid the first instalment. 

Then you had not sufficient money to pay and you paid 2s. 6d. ? 
—Yes, when he came [ did. 

Did he not give you a paper ona form like that, to warrant 
that the machine should work ?—No, I do not remember him 
doing 80. 

Can you say he did not ?—I would not say that, because I cannot 
remember at all. 

You cannot remember whether you got such a paper or a card? 
—He might have given me the receipt ecard. 

But you cannot remember whether he gaye you such a card as 
that ?—No. J cannot. 

(The document was put in and marked E.A.F. 4.) 

Then you remember Swindon calling ?—Yes, I remember that. 

Did not Swindon pay you 5s. ?—No, he handed me no money. 

Did not somebody from Singer's pay you 5s. ?—Nobody paid me 
any money. 

Are you quite sure ?—Yes, quite sure. 

Did they give you a receipt for 5s., giving you credit against 
one of their machines ?—No, not as I can remember. 

You remember that paper that was in your hand a moment ago— 
the paper with two things like stamps on it?—Oh, yes, for the 
money I paid on Singer’s machine. 

Was not credit given you by Swindon for the Singer Company 
for 5s. on account ?—I eannot remember it, sir. 

It was in consequence of Swindon’s call was it that you returned 
the machine ?—Yes, because he said that Singer's would be better 
than King’s. 

And so you returned King’s?—And easier to work. That is 
what took my fancy, I suppose. 

And in consequence of that you returned King’s machine ?—Yes, 
King’s machine was returned. 

And you got an allowance of 5s. under those coupons from 
Singer's. Just look at that paper again. Did he not give you a 
receipt for payment on account of their machine ?—No, | paid the 
5s. as far as I can remember. 

You paid that out of your own money ?—Yes. 

: ane you sure ?—I do not remember them giving me the 5s. at 
all. 

Do you remember paying it ?—Yes, as far as I can remember to 
Swindon. 

Are you sure ?—I am almost sure. 

Mr. Bray called again, I think, later on, and you signed a 
statement, did you not? Do you remember a gentleman calling, 
and your signing a statement afterwards when your recollection 
was rather fresher about this? Just look at this and see if you 
remember signing it? 

Mr. ByrNE: My Lord, may I have the statement that was put 
in yesterday to Miss Webb? I have not seen it, and I should like 
the photograph which was put to one of the witnesses. 

Mr. Hopkinson: Just look at that statement. That is your 
signature, is it not ?—Yes, that is richt. 

; ve you remember that statement being read over to you?—Yes, 

do. : 

And your recollection was fresher then than it is now ?—Yes, 

Mr. ByRNE: What is the date of this ? 

Mr. Hopkinson : It does not appear to be dated. 

Can you tell me at all when it was you signed that?—Not so 
very long afterwards. 

Not so long after the time you had the machine?—Not at all 
long. 

Do you remember the other action between these people ?—Yes, 

Tt was signed when that action was pending, I think ?— Which ? 
—this was signed then. 

Yes ?—No. 

Well, it is a good long while ago—ahout how lone?—I sjoned 
this paper very soon after I had had the machine. = 

“This is _the paper: ‘ I, HE. A, Faulkner, was residine at 8 
W aterloo Street, Brighton, as a domestic servant, in the month on 
April, 1893, when an agent of King’s Universal Supply called on 
me and J purchased a sewing machine and signed a contract 
agreeing to pay for same at the rate of 5s. per month. J read tl 
contract and at the time I well knew the is oi see 
cO and a e time J well Iniew that this machine was not a 
Singer nor was the word or term ‘Singer’ mentioned by the 
plaintiffs’ agent. Shortly after this, and when I had only paid 
5s. under the aforesaid contract, an agent of the Sincer Con ae 
giving his name as Swindon, called.” That is true Ves ae 

“And told me that King’s machine was no good and induced 
me to allow him to take away King’s machine which he said he 
would return to London Brid Believine What he seni Te ‘ 
sented, and King’s machine was returned. The said defen aie 
agent sold me upon hire one of the Singer Company’s ack tise 
and gaye me credit for the 5s. which I had previously paid es 
King’s Universal Supply, Limited’2—What I understood was 
yaar had the machine cheaper because a young girl had had it 

Is not this true that he gave you credit for 5s. 
previously 1 
cannot say. 

Ts not-that the 5s. that the two receipts are for that you put in 
your geecueratemnent ?—The money I paid, 

ren what do you mean by sayine he cay Saari 
Because he said the machine was MEG ASuE eee Seettay 
a > od Pio a a - 5 

for 2500s, beiduse evoune Gane aon geo me hme 

Is this trus—‘ But ‘for the daidint . ae ze Bciore 
sugvestions I should not Thame ae : Waeree me Seen and 
broken my contract with them ?2_N See ee ao 
eRe ce eee ata lem ? —No, because I should not have 

D singer's machine, and T should have had to have it 
Since then you cbave made an affidavit?—Por Kino’s? ‘ 
Yes?—Yes, J did, beca ise I wis frichtened, = 






r b he gave y i which you had 
paid to Kine’s Universal Supply, Tareede Neat 












what it was wanted for?—He said that King’sand Singer’s were 





bath tosh 


Tar Mate 


DEc. 2, 1895. 





Mr. Byrne: Your client must know when that statement was 
signed. 

‘Mr. Hopkinson : He says not. The affidavit I can give you 
the date of. It is the 18th July, 1895. 

You haye never made an affidavit for Singer’s ?—No. 

But you made this affidavit, did you not—just look at it and 
see if that is your signature, and if that was read to you. You 
remember swearing it ?—Yes, J do. 

Do you remember Mr. Pearson, the solicitor before whom that 
was sworn, Do you remember swearing that, and he gaye you 
the Testament ?—Yes ; I do not know his name though. 

You swore that before Mr. Pearson?—I did. 

When you swore you did not think you were saying anything 
that was not true?—I read it down, but Ido not suppose I 
thought over everything I said. 

The Testament was brought out, was it not ?—Yes. 

And you were sworn on the Testament that these statements 
were true?—I think I was too frightened to think anything 
about it. 

Did Mr. Pearson frighten you?—No; but as I had King’s 
machine I was afraid they would force me to pay for it. 

And so you were willing to swear what was not true. 
remember the Testament being produced ?—Oh, yes. 

And you remember solemnly swearing that before Mr. Pearson ? 
—Yes. 

Now, I ask you, did you mean to swear what was not true?— 
I do not think J thought about it. 

You thought nothing at all about it ?—I do not think so. 

Do you remember this statement :—‘‘I, Elizabeth Alice 
Faulkner, a domestic servant, make oath and say that in the 
month of April, 1893, I was in service at 8, Waterloo Street, 
Brighton, when an agent of the defendant company called upon 
me soliciting orders for sewing machines. He showed me a 
photo, and told me he represented King’s Universal Supply, 
Limited, of London Bridge.” Is that true?—I do not remember 
seeing any photo. 

Do you think you remembered that when you swore this 
affidavit ?—J might have done when I swore this. 

‘*T purchased a machine from the said agent, signing a.contract 
agreeing to pay £4 19s. by monthly instalments of 5s.” Your 
mind was not a blank about that. ‘The defendants’ agent in 
selling to me the sewing machine did not use the word ‘Singer,’ 
‘Singer Improved,’ or ‘Singer System,’ nor did I believe that I 
was purchasing a machine of the plaintiffs’ manufacture. An 
agent, Mr. Swindon, from the plaintiffs’ company, called upon 
me and took away the defendants’ machine and sent it bacl to 
London Bridge and sold me one of his company in the place of it. 
I should not have returned the defendants’ machine or have 
broken my contract but for the interference and statements made 
by the plaintiffs’ agent.” You remember all that ?—Yes. 

And Mr. Pearson read it all over to you ?—No. 

Did you read it yourself ?—Not in front of him. He asked me 
if I had read it and I said yes, but I had only just glanced down 
it. . 

King’s have not troubled you for payment for a long time, have 
they ?—Who? 

King’s.—Oh no. 

Re-examined by Mr. BYRNE. 

Was this affidavit brought to you already written out?—It was. 

Had you ever seen a copy of it before?—A copy of that which 
you have just showed me? : 

Yes?—No, I do not think so. 

You had neyer seen this before then?—I do not know whether 
that was the one I signed. Oe 

Had you ever seen it on any previous occasion ?—No, J do not 
think so. 

Had you ever seen a copy of it?—No, not as far as I can 
remember, 

Were you told Mr. Pearson was coming beforehand ?—I was 
taken to the gentleman, whosver he was. Ido not know his name. 

Who took you ?—I do not know. 

Ts he in Court ?—] do not know. 

Was that the gentleman (pointing to Mr. Bray) ?—No, it was a 
tall, fair young man who was here yesterday. 

(Mr. Leverett was directed to stand up in Court.) 

Is that the one?—Yes. 

Just tell me what was said when you swore to this. How did 
you come to go there?—He came to my door and asked me if I 
would go. 

Did he say why?—To save my going to London. 
what he said. 

What were you to go to London for. Did you think you would 
have to go to London ?—He told me that perhaps I should have to 
go to London to appear for them, and if I signed that paper it 
would save me all the trouble and bether. 

How long was he with you?—I was at work and he called 
several times. 

How long a conyersation did you have with him ?—Only a few 
a because I only had an hour off from my work to go there 
and all. 

Is that the first statement anybody asked you to sign for King’s 
Supply as far as you remember ?—I think it is. 

Can you tell me at all what he said to you on this occasion ?— 
Only about signing the paper. 

That ctherwise you would haye to go to London for them on 
the trial ?—Yes. 

Did he say it was wanted for any purpose. 





You 


That was 


Did he tell you 


having an action about it. L 

And what was this for?—He did not say what it was for. I 
asked him what I had to sign the paper for, and he said there was 
an action going on, or there was going to be one. 

And this was to save your going to London ?—Yes. 














Dec. 2, 1895. 


When you were at Mr. Pearson’s office did he read,it over to 
you ?—No, he did not. 

Do you remember what he said to you?—He said, ‘‘ Haye you 
read this?” 

What did you say ?—I said, ‘* Yes.” 

Had you read it?—I glanced over it. I expect if anybody had 
read it over and explained it to me I should not have sworn to it. 

Now I want to ask you something about the 4s. You told us 
some other girl had had the machine ?—Yes. 

And that was the reason given you for taking off the 4s ?—Yes, 
as far as I can remember that was the reason. 

You had told your story to the Singer people before this ?— 
When do you mean? 

You had told Singer’s people about the matter before this? 

Mr. Hopxkixson : I do not think you can ask that. 

Mr. Byrne: Well, it appears. very clearly, because it is a week 
after the particulars. 

HARRIET ANNIE WILMOT, sworn, 
Examined by Mr. BYRNE. 

Haye you lately signed any statement ?—Yes, I have. 

When was that ?—It is a long time ago. 

Was it this year ?—No, last year. 

Who asked you to sign this statement. Do you know the 
gentleman ?—Yes. 

Is he in Court ?—Mr. Dean, of Singer’s. 

That is our side. Haye you signed any other statement ?—Yes, 
I have signed one for King’s. 

Mr. Justice RoMER: You see she is perfectly impartial. 

Mr. ByRNE: When did you sign the statement for King’s ?— 
Not very long ago. 

How long ago—a week or a fortnight ?—Several months ago. 

Comparatively lately ?—Yes. 

Who asked you to sign the statement for King’s?—That 
gentleman there (pointing). 

Mr. Bray ?—Yes. 

Just tell me what took place when he called and asked you to 
sign the statement. 

Mr. Justice ROMER: This isa little irregular, is it not, Mr. 
Byrne? 

Mr. Byrne: Well, perhaps it is, my Lord, but I do not want 
to ask the witnesses to say anything contrary to what they haye 
already said. 

Mr. Justice ROMER: Had you better not look at the two 
statements ; of course you cannot put in your own statement, but 
you can see the statement of the other side. _ 

Mr. Byrne: Yes, I call for the statement. (The document 
was handed to Mr. Byrne.) 

Is this what you signed dated December 19th, 1894 (handing 
document to the witness) ?—No. 

That is not it ?—No. 

Is it your signature to it ?—No, I did not sign this. 

(The document was put in and marked H.A.W. 1.) 

Mr. ByRNE: It is suggested to me that there was something 
given in June or July, and I should like to know if my friend has 
got that. 

Mr. Hopkinson : No, I am told not. 

Mr. Justice RoMER: Are you sure that is not your signature ? 
—No, sir, it is not. 

Whose signature is it ?—I do not at all know—it is not mine. 

Mr. ByRNE: Is that the statement you made?—No, it is not. 

Mr. Byrne: I call for any cther statement signed or supposed 
to have been signed by this witness. Is there any statement 
signed by this witness produced ? 

Mr. Hopkinson : No, except the contract note (handing it to 
Mr. Byrne). 

Mr. Byrne: Is that your signature to that document (handing 
contract note to the witness) 7—Yes. S 

That is your signature ?—Yes. 

(The contract note was put in and marked H.A.W. 2.) 


Mr. Justice Romer: Let me see the two documents. (The 
documents were handed to lis Lordship.) 

Mr. Byrne: I have ancther document which purports to be 
signed by her. Is this your signature (handing a document to the 
witness) ?—Yes, it is mine. 

(The document was put in and marked H.A.W. 3.) 

Mr. Justice RomMER: I must say this looks exactly like her 
signature. ‘ 

Mr. ByRNE: Perhaps your Lordship will allow the witness to 
look at the original document. Are you quite sure that is not 
your writing if you had been writing in pencil?—No, this is not 
my writing. 

When you told us about a statement you signed some months 
ago, that was not the statement you meant ?—No, this is not the 
one. 

Can you remember the look of the thing you signed ?—Yes, I 
should know it if I saw it. 

Can you 1emember whether it was in ink or in pencil?—It was 
in ink, : 

Are you sure ?—Yes, 

Mr. Justice RomER : The one you signed for the defendants ?— 
For King’s. 

Mr. Byrne: For this gentleman down here ?—(pointing to Mr. 
Bray.)—Yes. 

Can you try and recall to yourself when it was you signed that 
statement. Can you give me within a month or so ?—I cannot at 
all remember how long—it was a long time ago. 

Now I want to ask you this, do you remember giving an order 
for asewing machine to Mr. Gray ?—Yes. 

You know Mr. Gray ?—Yes. 

Ts that the ventleman—(peinting to Mr. Gray, who was stand- 
ing up in Conrt) ?—Yes, it is, 








and Sewing Machine Gazette. 21 


Can you remember when that was ?—I think it was about July, 
1893. 

Did Gray tell you who he was employed by then ?—Yes 
Sinaers. NY ny pLoy NY Yes, by 

What was it he sold you ?—A Singer machine. 

After you bought that machine, did you have it home, or what 
became of it 2—No, he stored it down at the cftice for me. 

Do you remember the same man, Mr. Gray, calling on you 
later ?—Yes. i 

What did he do on that occasion ?—He asked me if I was ready 
for that machine. 

What did you say ?—I said yes. 

What did he do then ?—He gave me a paper to sign, 

(The document marked ‘‘ H.A.W.2” was handed to the witness, ) 
Was that what you signed ?—I do not know. s 
That is your signature ?—Yes, that is my signature. 

And did you take the machine ?—No, he said he would brine it 
later on. = 

Was it brought later on ?—Yes, it was brought while I was’out, 

And left for you ?—Yes. i 

Did he tell you that this machine he was bringing was not the 
one you originally ordered ?—No, he did not say anything about 
it. ; 

Had you any reason to Suppose you were not getting what you 
originally ordered ?—No, I thought it was Singer’s. I thought it 
was the one I ordered. 

Mr. Justice RoMER: This will not do, will it. She said the 
order she gave was for a sewing machine. That was all she 
ordered. She said the gentleman said he was employed hy 
Singer’s, and then he sold her a Singer machine, but she has not 
said that he made any representation that it was a Sineer, 

Mr. BYRNE: But, my Lord, that is our case. Your Lerdship 
will find he was in our service at tlie time, and he did sell her one 
of our machines. What we are complaining of is that he 
delivered her ancther after he had left our service. 

What did you do about learning to use the machine ?—He said 
he would call in the evening and show me. 

What was the first thing you did—where did you go to then ?— 
I waited till the following Saturday, and as he did not come I 
went to Singer’s. 

To their office ?—Yes. 

Had you seen Gray between the time you bought the machine 
and the time you went to Singer’s office ?—No, I had not, 

What did you go to Singer’s office for ?—To see Mr. Gray. 

For what purpose ?—To see why he had not been to give me 
the lesson he promised, 5 

Before you went down to Singer’s office had you seen any people 
from Singer’s ?—No, I had seen no one. “ 

You did not see Gray at the office, I suppose ?—No, I did not, 

Did you return the machine to King’s people ?—Yes. 

‘a Justice RomER: I have heard nothing about the machine 
yet. 

“ Mr. Byrne : Your Lordship will remember she said that Gray 

subsequently came and left the machine and that she used it, 

Mr. Justice RomER : I thought Gray was your man. 

Mr. Byrne : At the time he delivered the machine he had left 
our service, and he delivered one of their machines. My friend 
will stop me if I am wrong, but I will just put it to the witness, 

I think I understood you quite correctly that Gray called on 
behalf of the Singer Company and sold you a machine which was 
not delivered but stored at their effice ?—Yes. 

Then Gray came afterwards and asked you if you were ready 
for the machine and you said yes ?—Yes, 

Then he came and left you the machine when you were out and 
the next thing was that you went to Singer’s office for instrue- 
tions; to see Gray to know why he did not give you the 
instructions ?—Yes. 

Mr. Justice RomER : Yes, I see it now. 

Mr. Byrne: After you had been down to Singer’s office you 
returned the machine to King’s ?—Yes. 

Was that in consequence of what you had heard ?—No, it was 
because I wanted a Singer. 

How did you know it was not a Singer which you had ?— 
Because they told me in the shop that he had left their service, 

Cross-examined by Mr. HOPKINSON, 

You did sign a statement for King’s ?—Yes, 

Who was present when you signed it ?—Mr. Gray. 

First you signed the agreement ?—Yes. 

And then afterwards you signed a second one ?—Yes, 

Who was present when you signed the second statement 2—Mr, 
Witty. 

That was for Singer’s ?—Yes. 

Then you signed another statement for King’s ?—Yes, 

Who was present when you signed that ?—Mr, Gray. 

Did you say Mr. Gray or Mr. Bray ?—Mr. Gray—the first one. 

But the second one you signed for King’s, I mean ?—Mr, Bray 
and ancther ventleman. 

Who was the cther gentleman ?—I do not know. 

You signed the second statement in the presence of those two 
gentlemen ?—Yes. 

Mr. Justice Romer: You signed two statementa for the 
defendants then ?—I signed an agreement for the machine and a 
statement. 

Mr. Justice RoMER : When she said just now the first state- 
ment she meant the agreement. 

Mr. Hopkinson : Yes, I think se, my Lord. 

Now just read through that paper (handing ‘‘H.A.W.1” to 
the witness). Is what is there stated true ?—No, it is not. I did 
not sign it. 

Is what is there stated true?—No. He did not say it was a 
Singer at the time he brought it, and he did not say it was King’s, 
There was no name mentioned. 

Is the statement made on that paper a fue statement, whether 














22 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


you signed it or not ?—It is so far true that he did not say it was 
a Singer and he did not say it was a King’s when he brought it. 

So far as it goes, is that statement a true statement ?—Yes, 

Do you remember a photograph being produced when you signed 
the agreement ?—No, I do not remember it at all. 

You remember nothing at all about a photograph ?—No. 

Mr. Justice Romper: It is true that he did not say it was a 
Singer ?—Not when he brought the machine. 

Or at any time before ?—No, because I thought it was a Singer 
machine. 

Then what is stated here is true ?—It is true that he did not say 
it was a Singer when he brought it. 

Or used the term or word ‘‘ Singer” ?—Not at that time. 

Mr. Hopkinson : Then the statement you say you signed in ink 
when Mr. Bray was there—did that say anything different to what 
is on that paper ?—It is quite different altogether. 

Are you sure of that ?—It was a much longer one than that. 

And gave a different story ?—Well, I told them he did not say 
it was a Singer when he brought it. 

It was the same in that respect ?—Yes. 

Do you remember Gray calling to give you a lesson !—Yes. 

You made no complaint to him then ?—Yes, I gave him the 
machine back at the same time. 

Then do you remember Mr. Cressy calling ?—I remember some- 
one calling. 

Tn December, was it not ?—Yes, I think so. 

Did you make any complaint to him ?—No, I had not opened 
the machine at that time. That was before I went to Singer’s. 

Did not Mr. Cressy call on you in December ?—No, it was the 
following Tuesday after I got the machine. 

Ave you sure of that ?—Quite sure. 

Isthat the gentleman you mean (pointing to Mr. Cressy) ?— 
No, he was taller than that. 

You have no recollection of seeing that gentleman before ?—No, 
no recollection whatever. 

T put it to you that he called on you in December and gave you 
a, warranty slip like that ?—No, he gave me an envelope. 

What was on it ?—I do not know. I never opened it. 

Did he leave it with you ?—Yes. 

What did you do with the envelope ?—I put it in a drawer. 

Where is it now ?—I think I gave it back with the machine. 

But you never looked at what was in the envelope ?—No. 

Did not Mr. Cressy ask you when you would send the first pay- 
ment to London Bridge?—No, he did not say anything about 
London Bridge. 

Or to King’s ?—No, he did not mention King’s. 

Did you not tell him you would do so in January ?—No, I do 
not remember it at all. 

Had the envelope which he handed to you an address on it !— 
No, I do not think so. 

You are not prepared to say whether it had or not?—No, I 
cannot say. 

Did you not ask him to ask the agent to call and give youa 
lesson ?—Yes. 

You did do that ?—Yes. 

You made no complaint at all to Mr, Cressy ?—No, I had not 
undone the machine at that time. 

Mr. Gray called to give you a lesson ?—Yes, after [had been to 
Singer’s. 

Did you make a complaint to him ?—Yes, I told him that it was 
not a Singer, and I should not have it. 

What did he say to that ?—He said I should have to have it. 

Was that before or after you made the statement—— 

Mr. Justice RomMER: What do you say Gray said when 
you said it was not a Singer ?—He said I should have to keep the 
machine. 

Mr. Hopkinson: Was that before or after you signed the 
statement ?—Long before. 

That was long before you signed the statement for Mr. Bray ? 
—Yes. 

How long was it after you had had the machine when you sent 
it back ?—About a week. 

At least, you did not send it back in fact ?—No, I gave it to Mr. 
Gray. 

Ne you sure that was only a week after you had had the 
machine ?—Quite sme. 

When was this eall of the gentleman who said he would instruct 
the agent to call and give you a lesson ?—It was a few days after 
I had had the machine. 

Who was that gentleman ?—I do not know. 

Was it the gentleman I have just shown you, Mr. Cressy ?— 
No, I do not remember him at all. 

You have no recollection of ever having seen him before ?—No. 

Task you whether, when Mr. Bray called, Gray was with him ? 
—He was not with him. He has been once with him. 

When they called together, did you not in the presence of them 
both sign a statement ?—No, I did not. They wanted me to do 
so, but I did not. 

Did they not then ask you if you had been deceived ?—I do not 
remember them doing so. : fe 

Can you say one way or the other ?—No, I cannot, but I do not 
think they did. 

Did you say you had not ?—No, I did not. 

What did you say if they asked you that ?—I do not think they 
did ask me. 

But you are not prepared to swear whether that occurred or not? 
—No, 

Did they not produce a statement and ask you if you would sign 
it ?—Yes. 

What did you say ?—That I would have nothing to do with it. 

Then when was it you did sign a statement ?—More than twelve 
months after that. 








Rg Tee OMe REE. oO Ue 


Dec. 2, 1805, 





In whose presence ?—In Mr. Bray’s and another gentleman’s. 

Could you remember the other gentleman if you saw him ?—I 
think so. 

Was it Gray ?—No, it was not Gray. 

And you do not know who it was ?—No, 

Now upon the machine which you had, was there the word 
“‘ Universum ?”’—Yes, but [ did not look at it until after I had been 
to Singer's. 

Printed on the machine ?—Yes, 

Did you get a book of instructions ?—Yes, there was a book 
came, but I did not open the machine till I had been to Singer's. 

Who gaye you the book ?—IJt was in the coyer of the machine. 

Wrapped up with the machine ?—Yes, : 

Is it a book of instructions like this with that picture of the 
machine (handing same to witness) ?—I do not know, I did not 
look at it. I found it was the Universal. I just packed it up 
and sent it back. 

Re-examined by Mr. BYRNE. 

I think I understand you to say that when Gray brought the 
machine, he said nothing about it being a Singer ?—I was not in 
when he brought it. 

When you gave the order to Gray originally, what was said 
about the machine you wanted ?—There was nothing said, only he 
asked if I was ready for the machine I had ordered. 

When you gave the order originally, what was said ?—He asked 
me if I wanted a Singer machine, 

And then you ordered one ?—Yes. 

Mr. Hopkinson : I do not know whether you put in the other 
document to compae the signatures. There was another 
document produced. 

Mr. ByRNE: They shall be all produced certainly. 


Mr. GEORGE WITTY, sworn. 
Examined by Mr. BULLEN. 

You are a partner in Witty & Sons, sewing machine dealers, 
carrying on business at Midland Road, Bedford ?—Yes. 

You were formerly in the employment of the plaintiff company 
as Superintendent of canvas:ers at Bedford ?—Yes. 

When did you go into their employment ?—July, 1881. 

And you left them, I believe, in June, 1893, or 1894?—1894. 

While you were at Bedford did you make inquiries as to machines 
which had been left with Mary Ann Webb, Ellen Fanny Pitts, 
and Harriett Annie Willmott ?—Yes. : 

Did you see the machines which had been left with these ladies? 
—No, with the exception of one. I saw one—that was Pitts’, 

What machine was that ?—It was a King’s machine. 

King’s Universal Supply ?—Yes. 

You know the man Gray ?—Yes. 

Was he under your supervision as a servant at Bedford ?—Yes. 

Can you give me the date at which he was with you?—Well, I 
think it was from about September, 1892, to September, 1893. 

Did he then leave you ?— Yes. 

Do you know into whose employ he went?—He went for a 
short time into the employ of the Prudential Assurance Company, 
and then into the employ of Kings’ Universai Company. 


Cross-examined by Mr. HOPKINSON. 

You were asked for a character of Gray after he left, were you 
not ?—Yes. 

Do you remember writing and giving a character of Gray to 
Mr. Cottrell ?—Yes. 

That was on November the 10th, 1893—that is the character 
(handing it to witness) ?—Yes, that is quite correct. 

And that character is quite correct ?—Yes, at the time when I 
gave it. 

(The document was marked ‘‘G. W. 1.”) 

You also sent this letter at the same time to King’s (handing 
a document to witness)?—No, I did not. I know nothing 
whatever about that letter. 

Who is Mr. Orrell ?—The district manager for the Northampton 
district. Bedford was a sub-office. 

And that letter is in Mr. Orrell’s writing ?—Yes, J think it is, 

That, at all events, is yours (handing anovher document to the 
witness) ?—Yes, that is mine. 

That of Orrell is the 10th and your; is the 3rd November, 1893? 
—Yes. 

Do you know W. H. White ?—Yes. 

Was he the man you instructed to see that King’s machines 
were turned out?—No, I never instructed him to turn the 
machines out. 

To find out lists of persons who had bought King’s machines? 
—No, he never had any instructions from me to do anything of 
the kind. 3 

Did you not get a list of persons who had bought machines 
from King’s ?—No. 

No list?—No, no list from Mr. White. 

From Mr. White ?—Or any one else. 

Do you remember a boy named Pain or Pass?—No, I do not, 

Do you remember nothing of a boy being hired and sent round 
to find out where Kine’s machines were ?—No, I do not. 

Do not you remember his being called at the other trial ?—I 
remember his being called, but I do not 1emember any instructions ; 
in fact, he had none from me. 

Mr. Justice RompR: How came you to say on November the 
4th that Gray left your service in a perfectly straightforward 
manner by giving a week's notice required ?—Yes, he did. 

And then you say on the 10th that ‘“‘he only worked for us 
for twelve months, and as we asked him to 1esign we could not 
yecommend him to you”?—He resigned. What I mean by 
leaving in a perfectly straightforward manner is that he gave his 
week’s notice and left. 

How came you on the 4th, to Mr. Cottrell, to speak in the 
highest possible terms of him, and on the 10th to tell the 
defendant company, ‘‘ Respecting this man J beg to say he only 








Dre, 2, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette, 23 
eee e eer er —————————————e 


[ad 


CAUTION. 


ibereas in an action brought in the High 
Court of Justice (Chancery Division) by THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY against a firm who offered for sale 
Sewing Machines not made by JHE SINGER MANUFAC- 
TURING COMPANY as “\Improved Singer Machines” and 
———s Improved Singer Machines,” Mr. Justice Romer 
gave judgment in favour of THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 
COMPANY and restrained the defendants from using the 


trade name “Singer” in any way calculated to deceive, 


And fulereas THE SINGER MANUFACTURING 


COMPANY have received from numerous dealers who have 
also wrongfully used their trade name “Singer” apologies 
and undertakings not to again use the name in a manner 
calculated to deceive, and have paid damages and 


costs, 


Potice is hereby given that THE SINGER MANU- 
FACTURING COMPANY will proceed against all persons using 


= 
: 
4 
ie 
uf 


their trade name “Singer” contrary to the said juagment 


of Mr. Justice Romer or otherwise wrongfully. 


GILBERT D. WANSBROUGH, 
6, Old Change, London, E.C. 
Solicitor to The Singer Manufacturing Company. 





24 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 





worked for us for twelve month +, and as we asked him to resign we 
could not recommend him to you” ?—TI could not recommend him 
because there had been this trouble with regard to the machine. 

What, between the 4th and the 10th ?—Yes. 

Mr. Hopkinson : Do you mean to say that that is the reason? 
—Yes. 

Then let me look at your first letter about it?—It was not a 
que tion of his honesty or anything of that kind. 

You gave evidence in the other action ?— Yes. 

Do you iemember a list being produced that had been made on 
behalf of the Singer Company of persons who had received the 
JKing’s machines Yes, 

Mr. Byrne; You should put it to him that it was an action 
brought against the Singer Company and himself. 

Mr. HopKinson : I am quite willing to do so. 

The action was against the Singer Company and you ?—Yes. 

And you were ordered to pay damages ?—Yes. 

Mr. BULLEN: 408. 

Mr. Hopkinson: Is not that a list (handing it to witness) of 
IX-ne’s customers that was made out for you?—No, sir, it was 
not made out for me, and I never saw this list. 

Who was it made out for then ?—Mr. White, I suppose, made it 
out for his own benefit, but I never saw this until it was 
produced at the Jast trial. 

Do you mean to tell me that he made that out entirely for his 
own benefit ?—Decidedly. 

Dd not you go and call on a number of those people ?—No, I 
did not. 

With White ?—Not on a single one of them. 

J) d you eall on any of King’s customers ?—Not with White. 

But did you call on any of King’s customers ?—No, with the 
exception of two or three where the trade name had been made 
use of to get information. 

Only ov two or three ?—Yes. 

You were the district manager at Bedford ?—Yes. 

And you were responsible for the course of business there ?— 
Ness 

And it was with reference to that course of business that, Lord 
Esher used the words that it was malicious and wicked ?—Yes. 

And in respect of which damages were awarded by Mr. Justice 
Mathew against the company ?—Yes. 

And you were ordered to pay the costs, but the company pa d 
them for you, J suppose ?—Yes, J suppose so. 

The order went against you both ?—-Yes. 

Mr. Byrne: You are no longer in the Singer Company’s service ? 
-—No. 

Mr. Hopkinson: But the costs and damages in that action 
were given against you and were paid by the Singer Company ?— 
Yes, they were. 

Mr. Byrne: Then that, my Lord, is our case. 

Mr. Hopkinson : I do not propose to trouble your Lordship at 
any great length in opening my case. 

Mr. Justice RoMER: J am bound to say that J am not much 
impressed by the evidence that has been given, but perhaps you 
would like, for your own sake, to call your witnesses. 

Mr. Hopkinson: I should like to do so, my Lord, with regard 
to these cases. Mr. Bray is substantially the King’s Company. He 
has had some trouble in his past life, and he would like to be 
able to prove up to the hilt that, as regards the business of this 
company, he being substantially the person mainly interested in 
the company, he has conducted it with the most strict desire to 
avoid the use of the word ‘‘Singer.” As a matter of honesty and 
interest, he wishes to intr odnce these machines to the public as is 
stated on these instructions, as having been made in Germany, 
and he wishes to sell his own machine as the King’s Universal. 
It would he against lis interest in every way to use the word 
“Singer.” J will go into some of these cases and follow the 
order of the instances that have been given. J am sorry that Mrs. 
Baines is not here, but I can call one person who was present at 
the interview. I think your Lordship has all the documents 
before you. I have not commented on those in detail. There is 
the form of warranty which is absolutely conclusive against the 
Singer Company. J need not trouble your Lordship with that. 

Mr. Justice Romur : No, J quite follow all that. 

ANNIE MARIA CARR®, sworn. 
Examined by Mr. Rurus Isaacs. 

Are you at present living in Jersey ?--Yes. 

Were you living there with Mrs. Bainesat the time when some- 
one called about a sewing machine ?— Yes. 

Whenshe purchased a sewing machine in the beginning of 1893 ? 
—Yes. 

Were you present when the sale was made ?—Yes. 

Were you present when the conversation took place 2—Yes. 

We have heard that Mrs. Baines, Mr. Markwell, and 
Hamling, your sister, and yourself were present. 
deposition ’—Yes. 

They were all the persons present ?—-Yes. 

Was it your sister, Mrs. Hamling’s house ?—Yes. 

Could Mrs. Hamling hear sufficiently well ?—She could. 

And during this conversation that was taking place, could Mrs. 
Hamling hear what was taking place ?—Yes, quite as well as 
myself. 

‘Has she been in London with you for the purpose of giving 
evidence in this case ?—Yes. 

And has she had to go back in consequence of her bad state of 
health ?—Yes. 

Mr. Rurus tsaacs : My Lord, we thought it was not desirable 
to send out another commission to Jersey to take the evidence, but 
the witness was quite unable to rema_n. 

Mr. Justice RomMER: Very well. 

Mr. RurFus Isaacs: Was the reason that she was expecting 
her confinement ?—Yes. x 





Mrs. 
That is in the 





4 


DEc. 2, 1895. 





We have a medical certificate if necessary. When Mr. Mark- 
well called, tell my Lerd what took place so fa you recollect ? 
—He came in to see Miss lie Blaney about a watch which she had 
bought, and then he had a book of machines, photographs, and he 
asked us if we would have any. I said J did not want any as I 
had one, but Mrs. Baines aight take one, and she agreed to take 
one from Mr. Markwell. 

Was there any reference made at this interview to the word 
“ Singer ” ?—No. 

Were you present when Mrs. Baines signed the agreement or 
paper. It is one of the documents exhibited "to the deposition of 
Mrs. Baines. M.B.J. is the mark upon it. Do you remember 
seeing her sign a paper ?—Yes. 

Mr. Byrxe: Will you forgive me for a moment? I think I can 
shorten this very much. I] have heard the intimation which your 
Lordship has given. Your Lerdship has heard our witnesses. I 
appear on behalf of a great ccmpany, and they do not desire to 
press the Court to decide the case. Having heard the evidence 
they think that it is a doubtful case. 

Mr. Justice ROMER: That is quite right. 

Mr. Byrnr: Therefore we submit to have the action dismissed 
with costs. 5 

Mr. Justice RomMER: That is quite right. That is just the 
course I should think such a ccmpany as this would take under 
the circumstances. J am very glad to hear it. 

Mr. Hopkinson: My Lord, there was an ssatierlleasitechs 
application for an injunction. The costs will include the costs of 
that motion. 

Mr. Justice Romer : Yes, they will be costs in the action. 






















































































Messrs. T. & J. Butterworth have removed from 22, 
Tulketh Street, Southport, to No. 12, in the same street. 
* * 


The White Sewing Machine Company are erecting a 
large factory in Cleveland, Ohio, for their new depart- 
ment, that of cycle manufacture. 

The Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Company are 
also erecting a cycle factory near their works in Dayton, 
Ohio. 

Mr. Wm. Dale, dealer in sewing and washing machines, 
prams, &c., has removed from 12, Tulketh Street, to 4, 
Princes Street, Southport. 


Ee 


Hutchin’s Domestic Soe Conmpany, Limited, is 
being wound-up, and the Atlas Furnishing Company, of 
Cardiff, are taking over their business. 


a 


The Waverley Supply Stores, Limited, has ee been 
formed with a capital of £10,000, in es shares, to 
deal in sewing and washing machines, perambulators, 
cycles, &c. 


x 8 


Mr. C. W. Davis, of the Williams’ Sewing Machine 
Compary, returned to the States last month, after 
successfully arranging a number of agencies on the 
Continent. 


+ * 


* 

In referring to the Vertical Feed Sewiny Machine 
Company’s Belgium agent, last month, we gave the 
address wrongly. Messrs. Gustave Story & Co.’s shop 
is at 133, Rue Neuve, Brussels. 


* * 


We are pleased to hear that Mr. William Ivey, 
domestic machinery dealer, Barking Road, E., has been 
re-elected an alderman for the Plaistow Ward of West 
Ham, after a hotly-contested fight. 


We much regret to announce the death, rather 
suddenly, of Mr. Thomas Weatherhead, which occurred 
Jast month. The deceased was for many years a manager 
of one of Singer’s London depéts, and subseyuently, 
about four years ago, started in business as a domestic 
machinery dealer, and had been, we believe, very 
successful. Bs 


Harriet E., widow of the late Allen B. Wilson, of 
Waterbury, the inventor of the Wheeler & Wilson 
sewing machine, died recently in Milford, Conn., aged 65, 
from the effects of a paralytic shock. She had been living 
in Milford several years. She leaves one child, Mrs. H. 
M. Merwin. She was buried in Riverside Cemetery, 
Waterbury, Conn. 


% * 


The export of sewing machines from the port of New 
York—declared value—for the ten months ending with 








eis Ok 





4 





DEGF 2, Dies 2h 2895: ue : aaa Bewing Machine Gazette, 


A REVOLUTIONARY MACHINE. 
Startling Reductions in Prices to Dealers ! 


Lists in Preparation. Enquiries Inwited. 
SESS SOSOSSOSOSSHSO SOHO OHI OO SD SSE PSO OHSS HSI 9F O95 OOSHHSOOOOOHOO 





Showing Bobbin in Position, REVOLVING SHUTTER BOX. Showing Bobbin Out. 


For Accessories and Attachments. 



























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































e Gover far above Nochine 





[oS a nae RATER Ma 
9009000000050 0F 005505 FOF SO OCOS SES SOSOH ODED HHO SO VP OSSHSPHPPOOOOHHS OPO O OOOOH OOOO OON 
ee 


WHEELER & WILSON MANUFACTURING Co., 


6 to 11, PAUL STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON, E.C. 


_ wT - 


26 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 
me i RR RR NS A ES 


October, exceeds, says the TZzmes, the value for the 
°orresponding time in any year of which we have record 
except 1890, and falls but little below that. If the average 
gain for the year continues until January this year’s total 
will exceed that of 1890. 


* * 


Mr. J. T. Jackson, house furnisher and dealer in prams, 
mangles, sewing machines, &c., of Leeds, and some twenty 
other towns, has turned his business into a company, with 
a capital of £80,000. The profits of the business have 
reached £6,000 per annum for several years past, and the 
sum paid to the vendor of the company was £74,000, of 


which £34,000 was in cash. 
* * 


Pledging by travelling agents has been so common of 
late that a movement is on foot by employers not to 
engage the services of any agent or canvasser who cannot 
fulfil the requirements of a guarantee society. A well- 
known insurnce company has now under consideration 
the question of undertaking this class of fidelity insurance, 
of which we may have something further to announce in 


a x 


our next issue, * 


The Nahamaschinen Bazar is circulating a petition to | 
the Imperial Commissioner of Patents praying for the ; 


annulment of the registration of the name Singer asa 

trade-mark. In a conspicuously displayed editorial it 

urges readers to sign and aid in thecause, At thesame 

time it advises them to respect the mark as long as it 

legally remains. The German law now imposes a severe 

fine and imprisonment for infringing trade-mark rights. 
= 8 


* 

Samuel Frier Rix, of German birth, and for some years 
manager of the South Chicago branch of the Singer 
Company, has just been extradited from Germany ou a 
serious charge. He is alleged to have embezzled several 
thousand dollars of his company’s money. Rix denies 
the charge, and says that all he did was to treat cash sales 
as hire payments, because of the depression in trade and 
his desire not to be hard on the company’s hirers by re- 
possessing the machines. *,* 

Messrs. Hastings, Limited, have had a large poster 
specially designed for them by Mr. Harold Speed, who 
for some years has exhibited in the Royal Academy. 
The poster measures 7 ft. by 5 ft., is printed in four colours, 
and represents a housemaid turning a mangle near an 
open window, and a policeman is discovered leaning 
forward and kissing the maid, whilst she is uncon- 
sciously but surely drawing through the rollers of the 
mangle a cat. uae 

Last month, at the City of London Court, Mr. Wm. 
Quait, of 11, Vine Street Circus, Minories, claimed £8 
for a washing machine supplied to the defendant, trading 
as Wilson’s Laundry Company, to1, Marlborough Road, 
Chelsea. The defendant’s case was that there was no 
sale of the machine to him. The plaintiff was making 
the machine, and if it was successful it was to have been 
patented by the plaintiff and defendant, and the profits 
divided. This was denied. Thejury found for the plain- 
tiff for £4. ae 

John Berry, superintendent of the National Needle 
Works, died at his home in Springfield, Mass., October 
10th. He had been a resident of Springfield for thirty 
years, and was in the employ of the needle works twenty- 
four years. Mr. Berry was of English birth, settling in 
America at the age of ten, He worked in the Grover & 
Baker sewing machine factory, in Boston, and in other 
works, as a skilled mechanic before engaging with the 
needle works. He was sixty-two years old at the time of 
his death, and leaves a widow and three children. 

















EEThe following list has been compiled expressly for this sournal by 
Messrs. G. F. Redfern & Co., Patent Agents, 4, South Street, 
‘insbury, London, £.C. 





APPLICATIONS FOR LETTERS PATENT. 


19,536. J. C. Taft, improvements in sewing machines. 

19,780. F. W. Pare, improved means for and methods of knitting, 
applicable to straight and parallel bar latch needle knitting machines. 

19,797. G. F. Sturgess, improvements in knitting machines and 
methods of knitting. 

19,842. EF. W. Mugford, improvements in 
mach nes. 


bytton-hole sewing 


te ee aie AT ee e 





j 
i 
{ 


Dic 2, 18955 





19,894. J. B. Seel, improvements in tuck sewing nrpzhines. i 

19,939. W. C. McEwen, improvements in and zelating to mail 
carts and carriages for children. 

19981. H.S. Ellis, improvements in sewing machines. 

20,199. L.G. Russell, improvements in studs for hood-joints for 
perambulators. 

20,344. R.R Thom, a folding perambulator. 

20,365. W. H. Inslee, a communication from the Singer Manufac- 
turing Company of U.S.A., improvements in carpet sewing machines. 

20,373. A.D. Smith, improvements in sewing machines. 

20,409. G S. Hill, improvements in sewing machines. 

20,879. G. H. Colley and The Weeks Colley Manufacturing 
Company, improvements in sewing and other machinery. 

20,915. W. Spiers and T. S. Grieve, improvements in knitting 
machines. 

20,946. J. Tripp, improvements in rotary take-ups for sewinz 


-machines. 


21,001. J. H. Woodward and F. Shaw, improvements in circular 
knitting machines 


21,009. P. Persson, improvements in or relatirg to kn tting 
machines. 

21,210. E. Cornely and R. Cornely, improvements in embroidering 
machines. 


21,289. S. T. Fawcett, D. Simpson, and J.J Simson, improve- 
ments in or connected with children’s carriages. 

ABSTRACTS OF SPECIFICATIONS PUBLISHED. 
Price 81. each. 

20,644. Two-rerl sewing machines, D. Flanagan, of Clayton-le- 
Moors, Lancs. Dated Octobcr 2th, 1894, 

Consists: Firstly, of improvements in the loop carrier or hook which 
carries the thread from the nee lle round the reel case or loop former. 
Secondly, of improvements in the reel case and appliances connected 
therewith, whereby a portion of the thread forming the loop is 
retarded, so that less thread is carried round when forming loops. 
Thirdly, of improvements in appliances to be used in combination 
with reel carriers of sewing machines, the object being to allow of the 
required amount of tension or ar2g to be put upon the bobbin or reel, 
irrespective of the size of the latter. 

20,813. Multiple Needle Sewing Machines. J. Chappell and F. R. 
Rossiter, of 24, Basinghall Street, London. Dated October oth, 1895. 

Relates to machines for sewing two or more lines of stitches simul- 
taneously, the object being to provide means whereby the distance 
apart of the lines of stitching may be varied without altering or 
affecting the feed mechanism. 

24,660. Knitting Frames. C. Hughes, of Spon Lane Board 
Schocl, West Bromwich. Dated December 19th, 1894. 

Consists of a device whereby various articles, such, for example, as 
cuffs, mittens, sofa-blankets, antimacassars, scarfs, vests, clouds, petti- 
coats, &c , may be knitted by hand, the device being particularly adapted 
for use by children in elementary schools as a varied occupation to 
fulfil the requirements of the educational code. 

2,923. Knitting Machines. W.S. Ward and II. F. Lancashire, 
both ot Nottingham. Dated February 9th, 1895. 

The improved apparatus is applicable to the Aiken maehine, and 
consists in employing an additional thread carrier and set of inclines, 
thus conyerting the machine into a two-feeder machine and in 
arranging two needles one on each side the head to enable them to be 
raised or lowered when required by additional inclines eperated by 
the usual narrowing wheel. 


UNITED STATES PATENTS. 
IssUED AND DATED OCTOBER 15th, 1895. 


547,866. J.C. Taft, Providence, R.I., carpet sewing machine. 

547.867. J. C. Taft, Providence, R.I., sewing machine. 

547,902. S. T. Stiles and C. E. Drew, Woonsocket, R.I., knitting 
machines. 


547,919. F. L. Goodrich and R. S. Barnum, Chicago, IIl., tuck 
creaser or marker for sewing machines. 
547.947. R.S. Barnum, Chicago, IIL, ruffler for sewing machines. 
547 961. F. W. Merrick, Boston, Mass., groove-cutting attachment 
for sewing machines, 
IssUED AND DATED OCYoBER 22nd, 1895. 


548,205. WW. R. Johns, Rockford, Ill, knitting machine. 

548 206. W. R. Johns, circular knitting machine. 

548,212. C.F. Lord, Cornish, Me, lap seam attachment for sewing 
machines. 


IssUED AND DATED OCTOBER 29th, 1895. 

548,834. A.D. Smith, St. Louis, Mo., sewing machine. 

548,730. E. B. Allen, Elizabeth, N.J., machines for sewing long 
lengths of fabric. 

548,877. G S Hill, Haverhill, Mass., sewing machine. 

548,946. W. H. Zeilers, Philadelphia, Pa. 

548984. J. Haas, Eibenstock, and RK. Linty, Berlin, Germany, 
embroidering machine. 








A “SEND-OFF ” TO MR. BRADBURY. 


On Monday last, a number of members of the trade in- 
vited Mr. Charles Bradbury to a complimentary dinner, 

Mr.Samuel J. Sewell, on being voted to the chair, said 
that 1t was not proposed to spend the evening in speech 
making, but those present had met together with a 
special object, viz., to let their guest know tha: he would 
leave behing him, on starting for his long journey, many 
friends who were sincerely interested in his welfare. It 
was necessary that one toast be given, and as that had 
been entrusted to him it might be well to state in passing 
that the dinner had been hastily summoned owing to 
Mr. Bradbury’s hurried departure, otherwise many more 
trade and social friends would have been invited, and 
would, beyond doubt, have attended. (Hear, hear.) 








os 


ns ee ee en | ae 





ee SS ene 







_DEc. 2, 1895. 





No doubt, ontinued Mr. Sewell, all present had their 
own reasons for respecting Mr. Bradbury, but his 
ten years of acquaintance with that gentleman 
had forced upon his mind the fact that he 
Was a man of sterling character. (Hear, hear.) 
He could never picture to himself Mr. Bradbury telling 
a lie or misrepresenting the quality of the goods he had 
for sale. In these days of fierce competition and lax 
commercial morality this was not a little remarkable, and 
yet their guest had not by any means been unsuccessful 
as a salesman ; indeed, few men had sold so many sewing 
machines as Mr. Bradbury. Many of those present who 
belonged to the sewing machine trade well knew that 
their guest commenced his career in the trade at an 
early age. When but four years old young Charles had 
the run of the Bradbury factory at Oldham as a play- 
ground, and before he reached his teens was instructed 
In sewing machine mauufacture. Later on he was sent 
to the Continent to learn French and German, subse- 
quently acting as traveller for the Bradbury machines in 
several European countries. For the past twelve years 
he has acted as British wholesale agent for one of the 
oldest German sewing machine manufacturers, Messrs. 
Grimme, Natalis, & Co., which post he aas just resigned. 
So much for the past, from which it is clear that Mr. 
Bradbury commenced life in the oldest factory of its kind 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 27 


reese SL a Te FS a eae et nd ee 
the White Company were to be congratulated upon 
securing the services of so experienced and conscientious 
a traveller as Mr. Bradbury. (Hear, hear.) 

Mr. Bradbury would not only sell sewing machines but 
also cycles, and considering that he used to ride a “‘ bone- 
shaker ’’ twenty-five years ago, when the cycle was in its 
infancy, he cannot be said to be unacquainted with this 
new and flourishing branch of industry. 

Passing to Mr. Bradbury’s social qualities, most of those 
present knew that he was a master of several musical 
instruments, and his abseuce will be much missed in many 
quarters where he has acted as pianist or singer. (Hear, 
hear.) He, the Chairman, now asked them to charge their 
glasses, but before giving the toast one or two gentlemen 
present wished to say a few words. 

Mr. James A. Jackson here desired to express his 
high appreciation of Mr, Bradbury’s character, and as a 
personal friend of long standing he wished him God-speed. 
(Hear, hear.) 

Mr. Alfred Inch said that he only knew Mr. Bradbury 
on a social footing, and he should deeply feel his long 
absence. and long for his safe return. (Hear, hear.) 

Mr. W. J. Harris said that his acquaintance with Mr. 
Bradbury extended over sixteen years. He had known 
him under all sorts of conditions, had bought machines 
from him for many years past, and he had always found 





MR. CHAS. BRADBURY ON AN 1870 “‘ BONESHAKER.” 


in Europe, and subsequently transferred his services to 
one of the oldest and most respected German makers, 
and has had, perhaps, the most varied experience of any 
one in the trade. He can not only talk sewing machines 
in English, but also in French, German, and Spanish, 
and so apt has he hitherto been in acquiring whatever 
knowledge is required for his business, that probably on 
his return from India a knowledge of Hindustani will also 
be numbered among his accomplishments. He further 
could, if necessary, go into the factory and givea hand as 
a mechanic as in the days of his youth. 

Mr. Bradbury is now in the prime of life, and it is n 
light matter to make a change alter thirty years in the 
trade. But he had one more experience open to him— 
he had not represented an American firm. He accord- 
ingly engages with the White Sewing Machine Company 
to make a business trip to Spain, Algiers, Tunis, Egypt, 
India, &c., and thus he may be said to have run through 
the whole gamut of the trade—British, German, and 
American. He certainly occupies a unique position in 
the trade. (Hear, hear.) 

Mr. Sewell went on to say, amid applause, that he was 
sure all present were pleasea to know that Mr. Bradbury 
had engaged himself with so eminent a firm as the White 
Company, who were one of the largest and most respected 
concerns in the world. Mr. Bradbury was to be congratu- 
lated upon securing an appointment with this company, 
and many of those present would, no doubt, think that 


MR. CHAS. BRADBURY ON AN 1896 “ WINCYCLE.” 


him a man of honour and a right good fellow. He 
wished him from his heart every success in selling sewing 
machines to blacks, and was glad that he was being sent 
out by Mr. George Sawyer, who was a man he highly 
respected. (Hear, hear.) 

The Chairman then put the toast, “‘ A safe, pleasant, and 
prosperous journey to Charles Bradbury,” which was 
received with musical honours. 

Mr. Bradbury, in reply, said that he was no speaker, 
but he felt deeply touched by this spontaneous expres- 
sion of their respect and goodwill. He did not think he 
at all deserved what had been said as to his merits. 
Those present who had visited the Continent at times to 
push business would realise what an important and 
arduous journey he had undertaken, but he was deter- 
mined to do his utmost for the company who had engaged 
his services. With a view to opening up some new business 
in sewing machines and cycles in British India, he would 
proceed to the East by stages, taking en route part of 
Spain, Algeria, Tunis, Malta, and Egypt. As suggested 
by Mr. Harris, it might even fall within hiscoming duties 
to interview the “ black man,” and to endeavour to per- 
suade him, not exactly that “‘ black is white,’’ but that the 
“ WHITE (painted black) IS KING.” 

Mr. Bradbury concluded by expressing his sincere hope 
that the journey would be productive of good resusts to 
the firm he had the honour to represent, and by wishing 
all present a happy and prosperous New Year. 


We ov me Me Me Par Be a ses eT 
Ss mide ~ 3 Pikes 


28 The Journal of Domestic Appliances Hy aa De Eats 25 1895. 


BELL AMERICAN ORGANS, 


AS SUPPLIED 


TO ROYALTY AND THE ELITE OF EUROPE. 


Every Instrument fitted with our Patent Mouse-Proof Pedals, 
AND GUARANTEED FOR SIX YEARS. 
CATALOGUES SENT FREE ON APPLICATION, AND INSPECTION INVITED - 


BRIS ISIN LOIS LI INI NS INS 


THE BELL ORGAN & PYANO COMPANY, LTD., 
_49, HOLBORN VIADUCT, LONDON, E.C. 


HARROP’S 


DOUBLE RALEIGH CAR. 


Provisional Patent No. 41, 203. 
The Most Improved Combination in the Market. 


BABY for this 
CARRIAGE 


Combination 
AND 


MAIL CART 
COMBINED. 








far exceeds 
any previous 
Sale. 


All Dealers | 
should handle 








this. 
Convertible to Lists sent 
3 Positions. on 
eee 


55, TIB eT R ES ET! cof OLDHAM STREET) 


IW. AY CHESTER. 



































46, BARR STREET, Eleni one! 


The Largest Makers in the World of Perambulator Fittings. 








ye ue wa 
Dec. 2, 1895. and Sewing Machine Gazette. 29 


TH E 


~ GLATHES = WRINGER, 


POPPSPSPSVOOOGS SOS SSS HOH SHH OOOO POO4 


SPECIAL FEATURES. 


The * HOUSEHOLD ’ WRINGER is manufactured exclusively for the 
Hire-Purchase Trade, and will not be supplied toany but bona-fide Hire- 
Purchase Dealers. 

The ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER is made throughout of the very best 
materials and can therefore be specially recommended for sale on the Hire 
System. 

3 The Rollers of the ‘‘ HOUSEHOLD” WRINGER have a covering of 
Solid Rubber, half an inch thick, which is vulcanised on the shaft vand 
cannot be removed except by cutting it off. 

The “ HOUSEHOLD ” WRINGER will fit on any tub of any size or 
shape. 

eOansideting the quality of the materials used, the “HOUSEHOLD” 
WRINGER is the cheapest in the market, 


Pa 








This Machine is now fitted with BRASS BEARINGS 
without extra charge. 


QUALITY AND FINISH UNEQUALLED. 








A few SOLE AGENTS required in Districts where not represented. Full 
particulars on application. 


AMERICAN WRINGER CO 


122 Southwark Street, LONDON, SE, 


PRAM TYRES. 


We have a large Stock of TYRES 
ready for delivery, in 4 in., ;in., and jin. 
for Wheels 12 in. to26in. Price 10d. lb. 
98 |b. lots at 9d. 

For all kinds of Garments, with special 


Send size of wheels when ordering. vi auforabinlattachinente 
: ies BIERNATZKI & CO., 
TYRE CEMENT, Extra Quality, 9d. lb. 118, MANSFIELD ROAD, NOTTINGHAM. 








GENUINE AMERICAN 
LAMB KNITTING MACHINE. 


Tl. most reliable and most easy running Stocking and 
Gluve Knitter in the Market. 








SWISS KNITTER. 
EUROPEAN KNITTER. 
CHEMNITZ KNITTER. 








THE NEW 


OIL. PREMIER KNITTER, 


With Patent Locks, is the Best Machine 


Bor making Seamless Stockings, Socks, Gloves, Combinations, and otk 
4 oz. Bottles oF 24s. Od. per gross | Garments in Ribbed or Plain. Ce a 
Thouiands of Ladies are earning good Incomes at their own homes by 
LO. ee 18s. Od. using this Machine. 
@ ” ” Prices, Samples, and oth-r information on application to 
LHOM 35 tm: TH ceGdign sn, E. ROTHWELL, 1,3, &6, Market St., Bolton 





Agents Wanted where not represented. 


NOTICE THESE CHEAP LINES OF 


wR in GER Ss. 
‘STAR,” Iron Frame, 10 in.,8s 6d.; 11 
im hs. 12 in, 1s: 6d. 


Champion, Iron Frame, 12 in., IIs. 6d. ; 
(Asin. 14s.; 16 ame; libs. 


Royal, Wood Frame, 10in., 9s. 6d. ; 12 in., 














THE STANLEY SHOW. 
The nineteenth annual exhibition of cycles, &c., known 
12s. 6d. as the Stanley Show, was opened at the Agricultural 


Hal! on the 22nd ult., closing on Saturday last. As in 
former years, we do not propose to deal with each of the 
Londoa Agents for TAYLOR & WILSON'S exhibits separately, but to refer to the exhibition as a 

Celebrated MANGLES. whole, as being more useful and instructive to our readers. 
We might say, in passing, that both as regards the 
PaTiben of cycle exhibits and the sales effected the 


"THE AMERICAN WRINGER 00,, | Estisr”” Sects cnet nt ame 








422, SOUTH WARK STREET, LONDON, S.E. With a few trivial exceptions it may be stated that the 


Ss - 





30 The Journal of Domestic Appliances 


safety frames were identical in design and size; the ten- 
dency towards larger tubes which we noted at the last 
Stanley was well maintained in the Show just closed. We 
also observed that most makers had adopted the narrow 
tread. As tothe wheels, the ranks of those who favour 
wheels of equal size have been considerably increased 
in spite of the fact that a 30 in. front wheel, in the 
opinion of most riders, ensures less vibration to the hands 
than one of 28 in. In handle-bars there were many 
novelties, but the tendency to bend them upwards was 
more noticeable than at former exhibitions. We do not 
think that, speaking generally, many of the makers have 
cared to any extent to reduce the weight of their 
machines, except as regards ladies’ safeties, and the latter 
machines, which were on show in greater numbers than 
formerly, were certainly capable of a reduction in weight 
without impairing their efficiency and durability. A very 
large number of ladies’ safeties had two cross-truss tubes 
in the bottom stays. 


ALUMINIUM FRAMES. 


A very decided attempt seems to have been made to 
popularise aluminium frames, and these were to be seen 
both in an unfinished and complete stage. Of course, 
machines so constructed are lighter than if made of steel ; 
indeed, 26 lbs. was the maximum weight on show, and 
there were samples shown scaling no more than 15 lbs. 
One advantage in the use of aluminium is its non-liability 
to rust or deteriorate in appearance, but since this metal 
is to a considerable extent associated with the word 
“monopoly,” and the trade have to suffer already quite 
enough from this as regards tyres, it seems to us that 
aluminium is not destined to be at all popular, at least for 
some years to come. 


THE Br-Trr-Cycte, 


The above was one of the principal novelties at the 
Show, consisting as it did of the application of a second 
front whee! and a second fork with an intervening distance 
of some 3in. The idea of the inventor is to prevent 
side slip and to approximate to the ordinary tricycle so 
far as stability is concerned. We do not expect to again 
make its acquaintance at the Stanley Show. 


THE Simpson CHAIN. 


The above, of course, was the great centre of attrac- 
tion to all visitors. We took the opportunity of asking 
numerous riders what they thought of the invention, 
but not one of them had a good word to say in its 
favour. It is certainly unsightly, and to confine it 
within a gear-case, which is absolutely necessary, is almost 
equivalent to covering up one half of the machine, with, 
obviously, an attendant disadvantage on windage grounds, 
We say no more at the moment, as a contest to deter- 
mine whether or not there is any merit in the invention 
1s 1N prospect. 

ForEIGN MACHINES. 


There were more foreign-made cycles on show than in 
any previous year, mostly American and French. We 
cannot say, however, that they embodied a single merit 
over their competitors. It is acurious thing to state, but, 
practically, no foreign manufacturer of cycles has yet 
contributed a single valuable idea in connection with 
cycle construction. 

SADDLES. 


We expected more novelties in saddles than have 
hitherto been shown, but were somewhat disappointed. 
One sadd!e on show, constructed of two movable parts, 
will, possioly, find a number of patrons, but, speaking 
generally, the old style unyielding saddle will be mostly 
In vogue. 

TYRES. 

There were some eighteen different tyres on show, but 
for most of them there is absolutely no market, which isa 
great misfortune for the trade. It has for long seemed to 
us inexplicable why cycle manufacturers and dealers 
should not make up their minds to support some of the 
minor tyre companies instead of doing all they can to 
keep up the Dunlop monopoly. It is monstrous that year 
after year the Dunlop shareholders should receive 
50 per cent. dividends which, plus the enormous 
managerial and advertising expenses of the company, 
discloses the fact that the tyres cost to 
make out one-third of the price charged for them, 
Enterprise and ingenuity certainly deserve a sub. 
stantial return, but, practically, every Dunlop tyred safety 


SA". aoe 





Te re? - Ne Cee eee eee ere 
BT RE SCE st OM is 
DEc, 2, 1895. 


costs £2 more to the public than it need do were prices 
more reasonable. As to the 1896 Dunlop, thie tyre itself 
is practically unaltered, the only diffecence being that the 
patent fabric, for some time in use for racing purposes, is 
now also applied to roadster tyres. Another alteration is 
an improvement in the valve. The new Clincher tyre is 
lined with a special fabric, which is said to be non- 
puncturable. The Scottish tyre and the Beeston have 
been improved, and are worthy of examination. We 
much fear, however, the Dunlop Company will command 
even a larger percentage of the trade in the coming season 
than they have in the past. 


PE&RAMBULATOR SECTION. 


There were no less than five exhibitors of perambula- 
tors, the largest number on record. The Star Manufac- 
turing Company occupied their well-known position 
under the clock, and made their stand equally as attrac- 
tive as in former years. We counted upwards of 50 
carriages and cars, no two of which were alike. Many 
of the carriages were upholstered in new shades of 
leather, among which a new green was particularly 
noticeable. We reserve until our ‘‘ Buyers’ Guide” full 
details of this company’s novelties, but we mignt state 
in passing that several of their last season’s favourite 
designs are receiving increased care so fav as regards 
fine lining and finishing, and without extra charge, As 
to cars, an improvement has been effected in the method 
of hinging th2 handles, also in the bed arrangement, 
Judging from a careful inspection of this stand the Star 
Company will, at the commencement of the season, be 
able to offer the trade as many useful and taking novel- 
ties as in former years, despite the fact that it becomes 
increasingly difficult to satisfy the demand for new styles. 

Messrs. Stone & Co. occupied the same position as 
Jast year wit a serviceable array of carriages, carts, and 
strong toys. : 

At the opposite end of the Hall, Messrs. Lloyd & Co., 
Ltd., of 22, Featherstone Strezt, E.C., for the first time 
at this show exhibited carriages and carts. They occu- 
pied a spacious stand, and certainly beat their record as 
regards careful workmanship and finish. We understand 
that this firm were highly pleased with the business done, 
particularly as regards the sale of their “‘ Babi-cab.” As 
most of our readers are aware, this is built somewhat on 
the lines of a hansom, but an improvement has just 
been made in the front, which requires an engraviag to 
do it justice. The shafts are now fitted witha new fold- 
ing arrangement which is highly effective. This car can 
aiso be had in wicker. We particularly noticed a new 
form of C spring, of which we shall have something 
further to say at an early date, Of course this firm 
exhibited their ‘‘ Mikado,” ‘‘ Bamlouba,” ‘‘ Cabinet,’ and 
“ Jap” cars, which are general favourites throughout 
the country. A 

Another exhibitor of perambulators for the first time 
was the well-known firm of James Lloyd & Co., of Hurst 
Street, Birmingham. Their principal novelty was a 
new style of handle for mail-carts. It is called 
“Tyoryite,” and has just been patented by this firm, who 
confidently expect that it will be in great demand during 
the coming season. It closely resembles genuine ivory, 
and is exceedingly pleasing alike to the touch and the 
eye. Of course it addsto the cost of a mail-cart, but not 
enough to prevent its adoption in the case of high-class 
cars. 

Mr. L. L’Hollier, of Birmingham, had two stands, one 
devoted to a good assortment of perambulators and cars, 
and another to Rogers’ patent ‘‘ Horseless Carriage.”’ 
No doubt this class of invention hasa great future before 
it, and Mr. L’Hollier is to be congratulated upon having 
secured the sole agency for the United Kingdom for this 
ingenious invention. Our readers can form a good idea 
of this patent from our illustration, but a few details may 
not be uninteresting. The inventor claims that the 
carriage will travel at the rate of from eight to thirty miles 
an hour, the motor is enclosed at the rear, and the 
benzine is stored in a tank at one side, from where it is 
conducted by a small pipe to the  vaporiser. 
Thence it passes to the cylinder, where it is 
ignited by means of an electric spark derived from a 
storage battery located under the seat of the carriage. 
This motor can be instantly started by simply turning 
on the electric current, and we are told that the carriage 

















































DEc. 2, 1895. 








and Sewing Machine Gazette. 31 





L/HOLLIER’S HORSELESS CARRIAGE, 


will run 12* miles at an expenditure of from 3 to 4 gallons 
of benzine. Not only can it be instantly started, but 
equally as rapidly brought to a dead stop and steered as 
readily as a tricycle. 


Tue Sewinc MaAcHINE SECTION. 


The sewing machine section showed a considerable 
falling off in patronage, there only being one exhibitor 
as compared with five at the previous Stanley Show. 
But this to a large extent was atoned for by the fact that 
now for the first time the trade had an opportunity of 
examining the Daniel Jones two-reel machine, which 
has only just been perfected, 

An inventor who in these sceptical days applies himself 
to constructing a two-reel sewing machine has a deal of 
opposition and prejudice to overcome, but it should be 
remembered that Mr. Daniel Jones has been engaged on 
the task upwards of fifteen years. — It is now about eight 
years since Mr, Jones showed us his first crude machine, 
and nearly four years since the Two-Reel Lock Stitch 
Sewing Machine Company was formed to manufacture 
machines under the Jones’ patents. In the meantime 
more has been accomplished than the trade wot of. One 
of the best-arranged factories we have ever visited has 
been built at Nechells, Birmingham, with ample provision 
for quadrupling its output as trade increases, and a com- 
plete range of tools and plant—most of it made on the 
spot—is now in position, and the manufacture of machines 
for the market is now going forward without the slightest 
hitch, All this has taken time, and has cost, we under- 

me £ 50,000. ; 
Saren che eee our readers will understand that in 
spite of previous failures the Two-Reel Company have 
every confidence in being, able to prove to the world that 
not only are two-reel sewing machines possible, but that 
all the difficulties in the way have been removed. 

Mr. Jones has always appeared to us to be an enthusiast, 
but this has not prevented him from realising that to 
merely dispense with the winding of bobbins is not 
sufficient—the machine must be built as cheaply, and be 
as durable, as existing machines, and it must not injure 
the thread more than its competitors. Nearly a whole 

ear has been taken up in reducing the cost of the hook, 
which can now be produced at one-fifth its original cost, 
and for six months, we are told, a machine has been 
running at high speed in order to find out what were its 
We nok our present intention to give a technical 
description of this machine, as we propose to g0 fully 





into the subject at an early date and give sectional views 
of the whole of its mechanism, It goes without saying 
that the best proof as to whether or not the machine 
punishes the thread is to run it at a high speed. 
We can bear witness to having seen it at the factory 
running at 2,187 stitches per minute upon all kinds of 
fabrics, passing from thick to thin, and using an ordinary 
commercial reel of thread, procurable at any draper’s, 
and with the result that the sewing was faultless, and the 
machine in every way satisfactory. We were further 
told that even if 3-cord cotton be used the machine will 
do 1,500 stitches per minute. We say no more at the 
moment except to echo the opinions of many unpreju- 
diced experts who have examined the invention, 
and have favoured us with their opinions —this 
machine is well worthy the attention of the trade, and 
is far ahead of every other machine of its class. 





THE NATIONAL SHOW, 


Our readers will not forget that the National Cycle 
Show opens at the Crystal Palace on the 6th, and closes 
on the 14th inst. 

Among the exhibits which should be seen are the 
following :— 

Mr. H, S. Roberts, Stand No. 5. 

Messrs. Bradbury & Co., Limited, Stand No. 65, 

The Sprite Cycle Company, Stand No. 12. 

The Triumph Cycle Company, Stand No. 63. 

Many dealers will also,no doubt, wish to see the cycles 
of the Davis (Vertical Feed) Sewing Machine Company, 
which will be on show for the first time in this country, 
Their stand is No. 175. 





PETER McKENNA & Co,, 


MARSH LANE, BOOTLE, 
Mangle Roller Makers, 


Best American Sycamore Hollers, Roughed and 
Bored, always in Stock. 





FINISHED ROLLERS FROM 6/- A PAIR. 


‘| out basting—an impossibility on any other 





FR ed Rego Eo RM aC 
32 p The Journal of Domestic Appliances ~ Dec. 2, 1895. 





NATIONAL SHOW, STAND Yo. 12. 


























Re CYCLES. 


Agents wishing to Profit ‘By the 


BOOM IN LADIES’ SAFETIES, 


wili do well to get our 1896 Catalogue & Terms. 
We have some Grand Lines for 96, at RIGHT Prices. 


Agents Wanted. Catalogue, &c,, Free, 


POOPPOO OOOH SOOO S SHO OVP OOH HOOD 


SPRITE CYCLE Company, 


DEVONSHIRE STREET, 
BLOOMSBURY, LONDON. 




















YOU CAN’T AFFORD 


to recommend or supply your Customers inferior goods of any 
description. A lasting and profitable business can only be built 
up with the best goods that never disappoint purchasers. A 
Sewing Machine that is built on honour, if properly cared for, 
should last a lifetime and be a ae advertisement tor the 


ADVANGE 


SILENT RUNNING 


VERTICAL FEED {| THe 
SEWING MACHINE. SEWING MACHINE. 


Proyed by the highest standing in the trade for 
30 years. The only Sewing Machine that feeds TH AY : : 
machine ever produced, and possessing the same 
high standard of excellence in quality of material 


the work while the needle is through the goods, 
preventing all puckering or gathering, and pro- : 

7 d Pp AYS and workmanship that has always been a feature 

& of our product. It has no superior among under- 

SPS OSCOSSOOSS 

















ducing a strong, handsome and elastic seam with- 
feed sewing machines, and offers many points of |’ 


machine made, our own underfeed not excepted. 
advantage over each. 


ri 
[BEER | 


We offer exceptional advantages to responsible dealers | 
who desire to establish the reputation of handling reliable | 
goods and build up a permanently profitabie trade. 


VERTICAL FEED SEWING IMACHINE CO., | 


24, ALDERSGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C, 
Manufactory and Head Office hs DAYTON, OHIO, U.S.A. 






a oe 





epee “wes 


Dec. 2, 1895. 





Failures and Arrangements. 


ROBERT HODGKINSON, lately trading as R. Hodgkinson & Co., 
machine dealers, Eastwood Place, and Foundry Street, Hanley. 

The public examination of this debtor was held at the Hanley 
Bankruptcy Court, before Mr. Registrar Tennant, on November Ist. 
The statement of affairs showed gross liabilities amounting to 
£4,822 3s, 6d.,of which £3,231 11s. were expected to rank for 
dividend. The assets were £915 7s. 6d., the deficiency being 
42,316 3s. 6d. In reply to the Official Receiver, the bankrupt said he 
started in business at Tunstall as a sewing machine dealer twenty-two 
years ago, with a capital of about £200. About 1874 he commenced 
also as a ladies’ outfitter, as well as carrying on the business 
of a dealer in sewing machines. In 1889 he moved 
to Bristol. In 1891 he returned to Hanley, and started on his own 
account as a sewing machine dealer. He could not meet his 
liabilities in 1893, and disposed of the outfitting business. In June 
last he was obliged to make a deed of assignment. The bankrupt 
admitted that he had from time to time borrowed money, and had at 
one time under consideration the question of taking into partnership 
some of the persons whom he had employed, and who had lent him 
money. In 1894 he had suggested that a company should be formed 
to take his business, his creditors to become his partners, but they 
wanted to be paid off too much. His wife borrowed £250 to lend to 
him, she having expectations under the will of her father. He had 
since borrowed £65 from his daughter, and had given his wife and 
daughter security in the form of an assignment of book debts. He had 
patented a button-holing machine, and if it had been successful he 
should have been solvent now. He owed Mr. Moxon £150, and had 
granted him a mortgage on the patent and on other properties. The 
examination was adjourned till December 12th. 

Mr. R. J. Johns, of 44, Farringdon Street, London, E.C., has been 
appointed trustee herein. 

GEORGE SIMPSON, dealer in sewing machines, jewellery, &c., 
Pontypridd. 

The public examination of this debtor was held at the Pontypridd 
Bankruptcy Court, before the Deputy-Registrar, on the roth ult. 
Replying to questions put by the Official Receiver, the debtor stated 
he had traded in watches, clocks, cutlery, jewellery, sewing machines, 
mangles, &c. He had been employed as a traveller for a Bristol firm, 
but that was the only experience he had had of the business. He 
started in business in 1891 witha capital of £30, £15 of which was his, 
and the remainder his wife’s. When he filed his petition he put down 
410 as owing to Messrs. Simons, solicitors. He did not know when 
he filed his petition that he owed Messrs. Simons £39, as they had not 
sent in their bill. They had been acting for him in the prosecution of 
some of his agents. The Official Receiver said his liabilities were 
41,182 8s. 6d., and his assets, including everything, were 4199 IIs. 7d. 
At the time the receiving order was made his stock-in-trade came to 
£60. The debtor said the rest was sold and was out in book debts. 
The Offivial Receiver said there were ninety-four creditors who had 





and Sewing Machine Gazette. 33 





paid for goods, but had not received them. The debtor said that was 
in respect of a club, the working of which was explained to the Court. 
The Official Receiver said he had received some score of letters fiom 


people who had paid money, but had not received the 
goods. In some cases they had almost paid up their 
subscriptions to the club. He was receiving very troublesome 
letters. The debtor said) two or three. had paid up 


and would have received the goods, but they were not in stock just at 
the time the receiving order was made. In several cases the customers 
had selected goods, but they were sold out. The Official Receiver 
said the debtor had received £511 gs. 8d. worth of goods during the 
last six months. The debtor said those goods were sold and a great 
portion of the money out in book debts. The goods were not given 
out to the members of the club until they were drawn. In answer to 
further questions, the debtor said he kept no record of goods sold for 
cash. On the 7th of August he made an assignment to Mr. Charles 
Richards for the benefit of his creditors. Mr. Richards paid a visit to 
his place daily, but debtor was the manager. The Official Receiver 
asked debtor when he found out that he had been losing £4 per week ? 
The debtor replied at the time ke filed his petition. He had lost 
4127 through his agents. He had securities from his agents, but when 
he tried to enforce the securities he found they were no good. He 
had lost large amounts by five or six of his men; several smaller 
amounts by others. The debtor kept no record of his dealings with 
his large staff of agents. The debtor was examined by the Official 
Receiver as to why he had not reduced his staff of agents and 
collectors when he found the business did not pay. The furniture was 
claimed by his wife. On the application of the Official Receiver, the 
debtor was ordered to supply a special account of the goods delivered 
by him to the club customers during the six months preceding the 
receiving order. The examination was then adjourned until the 
next Court. 


WILLIAM STANLEY, furniture and mangle dealer, Upper High 
Street, Dudley. 

A private meeting of creditors of the above was held on the 24th 
October at the offices of Messrs. Hooper & Tanfields, 26, Corporation 
Street, Birmingham. Debtor’s solicitor suggested a scheme by which 
creditors might be paid in full, with five per cent. interest, if time was 
allowed, but afterwards offered a composition of 15s. in the pound, 
payable within seven days, if all the creditors fell in with the arrange- 
ment. Aresolution was passed approving of the last proposition. The 
unsecured liabilities are £1,157 16s. 8d., and fully secured creditors 


4900. Assets £6,170 7s. 5d. Among the creditors are :— £ » 

Sade 
Britannia Iron Works, Keighley oro os ste +. 19 5 10 
Holmes, Pearson, & Midgley, Keighley he ws ~~ 25 8 10 
Smith, Marks, & Co., Keighley... Mee oF << GOO) 


WILLIAM OKINS, blacksmith, cycle agent, &c., Rushden, Northants. 
A second and final dividend of 2s. 4d. is now being paid herein at the 
Wholesale Traders’ Association, 26, Corporation Street, Birmingham. 





Notice to the Trade! 


LP Cel lab del debt leet del leh del Cle Lebel Cle lel leh lel Llel eT lel Cdel lebl Let Cleht Lael Leb Lebel deb lebal Lel 


KINGS UNIVERSAL SUPPLY 


(LTIWEETED), 


Beg to give Notice that they are prepared to 
quote Terms to reliable, Dealers for their 


“UMIVERSUM” SEWING MACHIES, 


of which many thousands have been sold and 
are giving complete satisfaction. 








A 


KING'S UNIVERSAL SUPPLY, Limited, 


{7 & 18, RAILWAY APPROACH, 


_ LONDON BRIDGE, S.E. 


ee 


-—— 


4 


34 


S. G. GRAVES, trading as S. G. Graves & Co., house furnishers 
and sewing machine dealers, 2, New Bond Street Place, Bath. 

At a private meeting held in the above on the 6th ult., it was pro- 
posed and seconded that 7s. 6d. in the pound be paid in three equal 
instalments at three, six, and nine months, to be satisfactc rily secured. 
According to the “statement of affairs,” the unsecured liabilities are 
£6co; secured creditors, £286. The estimated net assets are 
£195 13s. 6d., and the securities in the hands of secured creditors are 
estimated to leave a surplus of £39, making total assets £234 13. 6d. 
After deducting preferential claims, this shows a deficit of £375 16s. 6d. 
Among the creditors are Messrs, Baer & Rempel, Bielefeld, for 

£35 17S. 
AARON MIDGLEY, sewing machine agent, 54, Wheelgate, Malton 

A dividend in the above will shortly be announced . 

ALFRED PARR, domestic machinery dealer, 262, Brixton Road, 
S.W, 

Mr. Registrar Brougham, one of the Registrars in Bankruptcy, made, 
on Wednesday last, the 27th ult., a receiving order, on the application 
of the White Sewing Machine Company, in respect of the estate of 
Alfred Parr, described in the creditors’ petition as of 130, Lough- 
borough Road, Brixton, S.W., dealer in domestic machinery, and 
formerly carrying on business at 262, Brixton Road, S.W. 


A. H. TIMME, sewing machine dealer, Brighton. 

Messrs. Poppleton & Appleby state, in a letter dated the 22nd ult., 
that Mr. A. H. Timme, of 121, St. James Street, Brighton, an old 
established dealer in sewing machines, has executed an assignment to 
themselves. The liabilities are £230, and the assets are estimated as 
follows : Stock, £50; book debts, 440 ; furniture, £30—or a total of 
£120. 


FAMES FF. MASSEY, PERAMBULATOR 
MANUFACTURER, DUBLIN. 

In reference tothe above the following letter was sent 
to the creditors last month :— 

Dear Str,— Referring to my circular letter of February 
28th, 1895, Mr. Alfred Killingley, of No. 1, Foster 
Place, Dublin, the trustee appointed under the trust deed, 
dated February 28th, 1895, has had the stock-in-trade of 
the debtor sold by public auction. 

The sale realised a sum of £58 6s. 2d., but the landlord 
claimed £36 5s. 5d. proceeds of George’s Street sale, to 
meet rent due out of those premises. After payment of 
this latter sum, the amount in the trustee’s hands was 
£22 0s. gd., to which must be added a sum of £5 11s. 6d,, 
an ex gratia payment received from the National Provi- 
dent Institution of London, inrespect of a lapsed policy 
on the debtor’s life. The trustee’s expenses in connection 
with the sale, salaries during possession, printing and 
commission, amounted to £18 12s. 3d., which, deducted 
from £27 12s. 3d., left a sum of £9 in his hands, which 
he has applied in the discharge of a much larger sum due 
in respect of costs incurred in preparation, &c., of the trust 
deed. It willbe seen from the above statement that there 
is no sum available for distribution amongst the creditors. 

J am, dear Sir, i 
Your obedient Servant, 
MicHarEt P. GREENE. 








THE LAUNDRY EXHIBITION. 


The ard annual Laundry Exhibition was hele at the 
Agricultural Hal!, Islington, during last month, and wasa 
great SuCCess. 





The Wueevsr & Witson MANUFACTURING COMPANY | not had the machine neither the company nor the men can do any- 


showed a fine range of sewing machines, many of them 
driven by power. 


Among the other exhibits of interest to our readers we | 


noticed the following :— : 
W. SumMERSCALEs & Sons, Lim1tED.—This well-known 


firm showed a fine array of Jaundry machinery, most of 
They also exhibited | 


which is of no interest to dealers. 
many mangling and wringing machines for domestic use. 


A. P. LunpBerG.—This firm showed their ‘‘ washing } 


knuckles,” which we commended in our last issue. 
KEIGHLEY 


but the company also make mangles for the trade. 


Mr. H. Vincent, Mrs. Mackin, Messrs. T. Cupiirr 
& Co., and Messrs. W. Wiriiamson & Co. were also | 


exhibitors of washing machines. 





A COUNTY COURT JUDGMENT yas, on October 3rd, registered 
against William Bryan, perambulator manufacturer, Hurst Street, 
Birmingham, for the sum of £13 12s. 11d. 


eS 


Anyone receiving a free copy of thas issue is respectfully asked 





,: + ma . > rep) ay 
fo take it as a courteous invitation to become areguiar reader, evthey 
us a subscriber erby ordering thepaper from his nearest newsegens, 


making use of the prover form provided on another page. 


The Journal of Domestic Appliances 
nn 


==, 


LAUNDRY ENGINEERING Company.—The j{ 
exhibits at this stall were mostly for the public laundry, 





Dec. 2, 1895 





COLLECTOR CHARGED WITH EMBEZZLE 
MENT. 


At the Nottingham Summons Court, on the 18th ult., before 
Mr. F. Acton and Mr. J. Langham, Alfred White, machine 
agent, of Ilkeston, was brorght up in custcdy on the charge of 
embezzling three sums of money, £1 18s.—10s. on July 22nd, 8k. 
on July 28th, and £1 on October 14th, from Messrs. Jones’ Sewing 
Machine Company.—Mr. H. P. Day prosecuted, and Mr. H 
B. Clayton defended.—Mr. Day said that the prisoner started 
with a salary of 10s. per week, and, with a commission he received 
on the sale of machines, his wages had amounted to 25s. per week. 
The prisoner had been extremely well dealt with by the company, 
because they thought he was to be trusted. His duties were to 
get orders for sewing machines, and collect the money for the 
same. About a fortnight ago the manager, Mr. Gray, compared 
the customers’ book with the prisoner’s list, and ascertained that 
certain sums had not been entered on the list he rendered every 
week. The company did not wish to deal harshly with the 
prisoner.—Mr. Gray, the manager, gave evidence, and, in answer 
to Mr. Clayton, said that he got out a warrant against the 
prisoner without asking him for any explanation.—By Mr. Acton : 
The prisoner was entitled to no commission when the warrant 
was issued. The company really did not lose pecuniarily by the 
alleged embezzlement, as they were protected by a guarantee fund. 
—Three witnesses from Long Eaton deposed to paying certain 
sums to the prisoner for which they 1eceived receipts. —Mr. Clayton 
explained the law as to embezzlement, and said that he thought ~ 
that the case was one for the County Court. There was some 
money due to the prisoner for commission, and it might be that 
the prisoner withheld those small amounts for some 1eason or 
other, or forgot them. He (Mr. Clayton) thought that in taking 
out a warrant against the prisoner without asking for one word 
of explanation they had acted ina very spiteful manner. The 
prisoner signed the receipts, and it had not been proved that he 
had made false entries, or evidence of any secrecy, or that he had 
run away, but on the contrary, when he heard of the warrant being 
taken out against him, the prisoner went straight to the Guildhall 
and surrendered himself.—Mr. Acton called attention to the fact 
that the statements upon which it was alleged the prisoner had 
failed to enter the amounts he had collected had not been put in. 
—Mr. Day replied that he considered the evidence of the manager 
covered it.—The case was, however, dismissed. 








COMPLAINT AGAINST CANVASSING. 


At the North London Police-court, on the 5th ult, an elderly 
lady told Mr, Bros that she had been in London ten months, and 
during the whole of that time she had been pestered hy tne men 
of a sewing machine company. She wanted a summons for 
annoyance.—Mr. Bros : What form does the annoyance take ?— 
Applicant replied that soon after she took up her residence in 
London a sewing machine canvasser cailed and asked her to 
yurchase a machine. He offered what he said were very adyan- 
tageous terms, but she said that she had a machine, and did not 
want another. The man ealled again and again, endeavouring to 
induce her to buy a machine, and then, finding that his induce 
ments failed, he effered to take her cld machine and cash in ex- 
change for a new one. She declined this offer also. When the 


| man asked her for her name, not seeing any harm in the request, 


she gave her name. Some time after two men called at the house 
and demanded ‘‘ the return of the machine, as she had not kept 
up her payments.” In yain she told the men that she had not 
had the machine, but they said she had, and they threatened her 


| with all sorts of pains and penalties if she did not pay the money 


or return it.—Mr. Bros : Why not write to the chief cffice and 
explain the matter ?—Applicant : 1 have been to the office in 
Dalston Lane, but the chief office is in Oldham.—Mr. Bros : You 
have no need to trouble yourself about the matter ; if you have 


thing to you.—The Applicant : But they can annoy me. 





DN 


BEAR THIS IN MIND! . 

W. J. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have jus 
completed arrangements with Messrs, Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly-finished sewing niachines, so 
that in future small buyers of two to six machines at a 
time can be supplied within 24 heurs’ notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
pest-finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use. 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval.—W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, 8.H:—Apvr. 





FoR SALE BY TENDER, by Order of the Court, 
under Compulsory Dissolution of Partnership, DOMESTIC 
MACHINERY BUSINESS, goodwill, stock, and hire accounts, 
as ® going concern. S.W. district, Surrey side.—For particulars, address 
Official Receiver, Sewing Machine Gazette Office. 





BUYER'S GUIDE 10 TH NEW SEASON'S 


DESIGNS IN CHILDREN’S CARRIAGES. 
EIGHTH ANNUAL ISSUE. 


ee eS ————————EeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeEeE—E—E—E—Eoe—=EoEo—Eo—eeeEE————eee 
Mar. 1, 1895. Supplement to the Fournalof Domestic Apphances and Sewing Machine Gazette. [GRATIS. 
enna e eee eens seen acces es esse ne ec nnn __vecc02°00°0°0O LL — ——— 


THE STAR GAS SET THE FASHION 
TO THE WORLD. 


i 
50S OOO SOSSSSSSSSSS OSES SOESSESHSSOSSHESHS SO SHOPS HOS POP OOO PP OOOOH OH OO OOOO OOOO OOOO VOUe 
De ON OL A I I a a a a 


STAR 
BABY CARRIAGES AND MATL CARTS. 


SEASON 1595. 















































POINTS. POINTS. 
See a GOOD BALANCE. 
SaGRREDT. _ FINE FITTINGS. 
CHEAP. ale 
Able NOVELTIES. 
GOOD FINISH. —— 
ee LONDON MADE. 
GOOD RELIABLE 
MATERIAL. fre ree © 
PROFIT THE SAME 
YIELDING. ee 
len rs ‘PROMPT 
EASY SELLING. ATTENTION. 
EASY RUNNING. SATISFACTION 
GRACEFUL. GUARANTEED. 


Send for fully Illustrated Catalogue of New Season’s Designs now 

ready. A complete and comprehensive guide to the Baby Carriage 

and Mail Gart Trade which should be in every dealer’s hands. Free 
by Post upon Application. 


COOOCCOOOOSSSSOOOS OO ESOS OOOO SOOO HHSHOOOOS OOOO OOOO UPI O OD 


Star Manufacturing Co., 


STAR WORKS, GOODINGE ROAD, YORK ROAD, 


LONDON, WN. 


This ANNUAL BUYER'S GUIDE is published at the office of The Journal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing 
Machine Gazette, 28, Paternoster Row, London, . 








2 Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Ihachine Gazette. Pea VT AR, ie seks Cras bia 























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The 


This Season’s Novelty. It combines absolutely reliable material, commodious size 
(36in. by 18in.), comfortable interior, strong. yet light construction, handsome design, and 
the perfection of artistic painting. From 34s. 6d. upwards. ; 


“ LUXURY.’ 









































































































































































































































































































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The “ELYSI 
Perambulators with carved walnut bodies. | : 

3, 5, & 7, TANNER STREET, 
| LONDON, S.E. | 


SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED LIST. 






iin ee ee Re ee ee eT Le eee eee Ce mae, OTN Teed Pe Oe) eee? 












~ Mak. 1, 1895. 








BRADBURY & CO., LIMITED. 


This well-known firm have considerably enlarged their works 
at Oldham of late, and now haye three distinet departments, viz., 
sewing machine, bessinette, and cycle. It is, however, with peram- 
bulators that we have the most concernat the moment. Bradbury’s 
make a specialite of wood-body carriages, as they possess one of 
the best equipped wood-working plants in the country. Their 
new catalogue therefore is replete with illustrations of 
bassinettes and cars in various kinds of wood. A careful ex- 
amination of their carriages convinces us that they show no 
falling off in quality or in desigm as compared with last season, 
when we stated that they surpassed all previous records. 

We observe that Bradbury’s still make a number of circular 
wood bodies in varicus mounts, one of their latest being No. 33, 
painted in buff in relief, which we illustrate. As will be seen, it 
is suspended by straps to semi-cirenlar springs, and is both 
handsome and comfortable. The No. 34 is similarly mounted and 
painted, but it has square ends. Another carriage which 
attracted our attention was No. 30, of which we give an illustra- 





















































No. 30. 


No. 15. 


tion ; the body has an ornamental beading on its sides, oval ends, 
and is supported on © spiings with straps; the hood is of tan 
and the walnut used for the bcdy is French polished. No. 29 
with boat-shaped bedy, is now suspended by straps from two bow 
or semi-circular springs, and is exceedingly pleasing in ap- 
pearance. There are a number of lower-priced carriages supplied 
by this company, as formerly, but Bradbury’s de not reckon to 
cater for the very cheapest class of trade, 

In mail carts, Bradbury’s have several new designs, two of 
which are illustrated on page four, one showing Ne, 63, which we 
much admire. It is convertible from a single to a double, or it 
can be used asa bed. The other block illustrates No, 64, con- 
yertible as explained. This year Bradbury’s are using 10in, 
wheels at the front, and are- making the wells deeper, which are 
decided improvements. They are usine a deal of tan, both for 
the npholstering work and the hocds, and are, as last year, open 
to supply lighter colours. _A full range of samples is kept at their 
chief London office, 14, Newgate-street, for the benefit of the 
shipping and general wholesale trade. 


T, BARNFIELD & CO. 


Mr, Barnfield is well-known in. 3irminghamn as one of the 
most practical pei anbulator marnuia: turers in the country. Ably 


\ 


\ 


Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Apbhiances and Sewing Machine Gazette. 3 





assisted by his son, he is creating a trade of considerable 
magnitude, and visitors to the factory, 134 and 136, Conybere- 
street, Birmingham, will find a choice collection of carriages and 
cars suitable for all classes of trade. This firm find that steel 
bodies are stillin demand, and have also a large demand for 
papier-miche carriages, several styles of which are this year being 
supplied with two handles. They also supply a very handsome 
papier-mache body of the hammock type with straps. Among 
their other novelties we noticed the ‘*Don,’? with solid satin 
walnuc body with patent moulding on side, also several carriages 
of similar wood, but with hand-carved ornamentation and 
mounted on C, or bow springs.. This firm make a specialite of 
wicker carriages, both for children and invalids, and their list 
contains numerous illustrations of same. 

In cars, Messrs. Barnfield haye a wide range, including a line of 
faney bamboo and those with carved panels. Their trade list is 
thoroughly comprehensive and explicit. 


C, C. BEETLES. 


This firm, whose office and warehouse are at 93, Herbert-street, 
New North-road, London, N., rank among the best-known 
workers in bamboo. The) frequently attend trade shows, and at 
the forthcoming Furniture Exhibition will haye a large stand well 
filled with specimens of their numerous manufactures, including 
not only bamboo ears but also bamboo furniture. In the latter class 
they have numerous specialities in bamboo, such as _book-cases, 
writing tables and cabinets, fancy chairs, and bed-room 
suites. It is impossible even to enumerate all these articles, but 
on application Mr, Beetles will supply our readers with illustrated 





sheets giving the fullest details. On page 18 is illustrated the 
“Oriental”? bamboo bassinette, which Mr. Beetles has registered 
and which looks very choice, hung on C springs with straps. It is 
also very light, yet strong. Herewith we illustrate one of this 
firm’s latest cars, instantly convertible into a bed. Mr. Beetles 
is one of the most ingenious designers in ithe bamboo and wicker 
trade, and not only makes complete carriages and cars but also 
supplies bodies to the trade, to whom he will send full details on 


application, e 


CHARLES COLEMAN & CO. 


This firm have again on show at the Victoria Works, Praed- 
street, Paddington, London, N., an excellent variety of bassinettes, 
mail carts, and invalid carriages. Of bassinettes we were much 
pleased with the excellent finish of the ‘‘ Carlton,” which is a 
carriage of new design, mounted on improved springs with 
metallic straps, and is specially recommended for the hire and 
other trades desirous of supplying a carriage that should give 
the minimum of trouble to their clients and themselves. The 
same carriage is also supplied with leather straps if desired. The 
“Arabian,” ‘‘ Winchester,” and ‘* Bournemouth,” are also newly- 
designed carriages, and are expected to be in good demand during 
the present season. The “Queen,” “Landau,” “* Vietoria,”” and 
other favourites haye also received many improvements, and are 
decidedly luxurious and up-to-date carriages. Great attention 
has ‘been paid to the various delicate art shades now the 
prevailing fashion. In cheaper lines the firm hayea full list, and 
they are well worthy of inspection. In the mail-cart department 
sonie elegant designs with raised and caryed panels will be much 
admired, and some of the improved registered “Cosy Cars” on 
show are quite gems of art work. Their patent combination 
cart and bassinette is now much improved in design, and all mail 
carts are now supplied with hinged shafts if desired. The invalid 
carriage is a most important department with Messrs, Coleman, 
and a large number are now, ready for immediate delivery. 
We hear that wrought material only is used in constructing 
the wunderearriages, the cheaper form of cast work being 
entirely wiused here. We notice specially the No. 4 carriage, 
illustrated on advertisement page, as being all that an 
invalid rider could desire, as it is mounted on the easiest of steel 
C springs, has an automatic steering gear with arrangement to 
take up all vibration from the front wheel, and is luxuriously 
upholstered throughout. The cheaper qualities are also well 
worthy of the attention of buyers of this deseription of 


carriage, 





ittings and finish throughout are of the best quality, : tan hood. The shafts are hinged, and fittings are of the best quality, The 











Bradbury’s No. 29, 


4 Supplement io the Pournal , of Domestre Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette “Mar. 1, 1895, 











Bradbury's No. 28. 


















Elegant Wood body, boat shape, beautifully decorated, suspended by strap 
on semi-circular springs, back and front wheels 23 in., fitted with two handles 
and upholstered in the best woollen cloth, three loose cushions, well 
cover, cloth lined straps, reversible hood with twisted brass joints, &c. It 
Sng very easily, and there is little, if any, vibration when the carriage is in 
motion. 

This Carriage is also supplied upholstered in Crockett’s light coloured ~ 
leather, with tan hood, walnut Erench-polished body ; springs, wheels, and o 
axles painted to match, at the same price. 5 











Bradbury’s No 64% Mail Cart. 






Cart with foot-well down, for 
a child in sitting position. 






\ 














































































length. = —_ 
: a : "y Spacious body; convertible into three positions, and suitable for either 
Handsomely decorated body, suitable for either one or two children. A le or two AAtaeR First, as a Cart ase a child to sit upright, then by 

hild can lie full length as in a Bassinette, or, if desired, the end board can adjusting the foot-well on the steel slides, and placing the board and 

e lifted out, put in the grooves in the centre of the Cart, and it then forms cushions in their respective places, a Bassinette is formed in which achild  _ 

) back rest for a second child. Fitted on the best steel springs and 25 in. can lie fulllength. By taking out the centre board and placing same-on the 

nd 10 in. cycle wheels. The body is supplied in light colours and is fitted - springs (as shown in illustration above), a Mail Cart is formed with space 

vith brass guard rails. Upholstered same.as a Bassin-tte in light-coloured for two children. Fitted on the best steel springs and 25 in. and 10 in. cycle 

‘rockett’s leather with detachable tan hood. The shafts ave hinged, and wheels. The body is upholstered in light-coloured Crockett’s leather, with : 


hood is detachable, ca 





Catalogues are now ready, and will be sent post free on application : 
to any of our Depots, or the Manufactory. | eee 


An assortment of the New Season’s Bassinettes now on view at. 


14, NEWGATE STREET, LONDON, E.C. 


BRADBURY & CO, Ltd., WELLINGTON WORKS, OLDHAM. — 











“Mar, 1, 1895. 





-§, DAVIS & CO. 


FEw firms are better known in the South of England than Messrs. 8. 
Davis & Co., of 241 to 251, High Street, Borough, §.H., and branches. 
They have one of the largest retail trades in furniture, sewing and 
washing machines, and perambulators, but they also lay themselves 
out to do a considerable wholesale trade, and for the convenience of 
dealers supply a comprehensive illustrated price list, also desiens 
and sheets. Messrs. Davis have a. reputation for putting good 
material and workmanship into their perambulators and cars, and 
we can bear personal testimony to the fact that their extensive 
factory is under the most competent management. 

Messys, 8. Davis & Co. show on page 8 two new designs out of a 
number which we examined at their factory. The first of these, 
No, 21, is avery handsome carriage, boat-shaped, mounted on two 
long bow springs with straps, and with extension handles. The 

-body is of pine, stained, or can be had in walnut-coloured wood 





without additional cost, This is one of the cheapest two-handled 
carriages in the market. No. 52, which we also illustrate on the 

* same page, is a little more expensive, and is mounted on C springs. 
Another carriage which this firm expect to sell readily this season is 
No. 19, which we illustrate herewith. The spring used is of a kind 
which is applied to several of the Dayis’ bassinettes, and is very 
comfortable in use and not a little graceful in appearance. Messrs. 
Davis cater principally for a middle-class trade; aid haye a 
particularly cheap line in the papier-mache class with side spindles. 
Among their best carriages we noticed several with carved sides and 
richly upholstered. 





i fitted with 


_ ‘Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazetie. == 5 






Passing to the cars, we found the range on show unusually com- 
prehensive, starting from the very commonest wood and wicker, and 
reaching to the highest possible class. On page 8 will be found 
illustrations of two of this firm's best cars, both convertible as — 
described, The hinge used for the folding shafts is one of the 
simplest and best in the market, and must be seen to be thoroughly 
appreciated, No. 37 having a papier-mache body with spindles and 
rounded ends isa saleable cart. It resembles a bassinette when 
the two children face each other, and the front half revolves so that 
both children can face the attendant, or it can be used as a bed for 
one child. A ‘convertible cart, very roomy, Japanese pattern, is 
also a taking line. We have not sufficient space for further details, 
so must refer our readers to Messrs. Davis’s catalogue, which contains 
illustrations of numerous other articles in constant demand. 


W. H. DUNKLEY. 


THIS veteran and well-known maker is as inventive as ever 
judging from the samples of carriages and cars we saw at his 
showroom, Jamaica Row, Birmingham. One of his specialities is 
the patent ‘Dunkambulator,” which we illustrate. It is built on 
novel lines, whereby it can be instantly converted from a single, as 





shown, into a double cart, or used for a bed. The shafts also are 
unique, being reversible to either end of the body, and the wheels 
have ball bearings. Our readers should also notice the arrangement 
of the wheels, which render the cart very convenient in busy 
thoroughfares. ‘This style of carriage can be had in various wood 
and wicker bodies. In the latter class Mr. Dunkley has some very 
choice designs, which we are unable to illustrate, but which are’given 
in his trade list. He has also granted licenses to a number of 
makers to use his patent convertible arrangement of mail carts, 
Among his choicest and most novel carriages is the Swan, 
Dunkley’s patent Echeograph, which will sing or recite te 











CITY OFFICE, 09, WOOD STREET, LONDON, EC. 


(ESTABLISHED 1871.) 





Manufacturers of the following | 
Cars :— 


THE MIKADO 
ARABIAN 
BEATRICE 
MAGOG 


Manufacturers of Bassinettes 
| of every description. 
| The Special Features of our 
manufactures are :— We study 
the Dealer, we finish every Car- 
| riage with care, using Patent 
| Split Bolts, Good Springs, 
Good Braids, and Solid Brass 
Fittings, and thus save our 








MAUDE 




















customers the annoyance of Re- 








CONVERTIBLE | 
| 
| 


yy ABICH 
KEMPTON 
. SANDOWN 
ie LA 
JAP 
ROSEBERY 


pairs and Returned Carriages: 
For Easy Term Business no 
better Carriages can be turned 
out, and they are bound to give 
the Purchaser satisfaction, 





STANLEY 
; CABINET 
ZEBRA. (single) | 
» ZEBRA (double) 
BAMBICAB 

» BAMLOUBA tS 








Parts of every description for 
Repairs: Wheels, Tyres, Handles 


Largest Manufacturers of 
Canopies in the Trade, 


See our New Patterns for 1895. 
| Rugs of every Skin at Lowest 


Market Prices. 
REPAIRS FOR THE TRADE. 





Illustrated Price 


Lists of Carriages, Cars, and Strong Toys 
Post Free on application. 


aati heh themes cei hs 2 oss 
Core ey are 


apa aia eae Part BN Ee OPO aN Ces Seana 
: Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Apphances and Sewing Machine Gazette. OAR: L/r8Qn 7 7 
BT Seep lmnenn te FEU AD ELE Ie Oa 


PARKER’S 
PERAMBULATORS 


AND 


MAIL CARITsS 


FOR SEASON 1895. 











Prices 
Moderate. 





GOOD VALUE, 





Rieetive | 
Wesigis. | 








Send for our ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST and | — 
see the splendid Variety we are making. | 





' does not permit of their exhausting the list. 


‘ Pee ms oY 


Mar,1, 1895. —Supplement to the F-ournal of Domestic Af pliances and Sewing Machine Gazette. 7 








the occupant. This was specially designed and constructed for the 
son of the Duke of York by Mr. W.H. Dunkley. We illustrate this 
genuine novelty, which, of course, can be had withous the phono- 
graph attachment. 


W, FOSTER & CO. 


Messks. W. Foster & Co., of 46, Bar-street, Birmingham, 
have so prospered of recent years that they have become the 
largest perambulator-fittings’ house in the world. On page 23 will 
be found illustrations of a few of their manufactures, but space 
They do not manu- 
facture either carriages or carts, but supply everything required 
by the trade, from screws to canopies, with emphasis on the word 
“fittings,” in which they rank ahead of all competitors. 


JOHN GOUGH & CO. 


TuIs firm’s perambulator factory in New Cross, Manchester, is 
now under the management of Mr. George Smith, a well-known 
inventor and manufacturer in the children’s carriage trade. This 
year dealers can have this firm’s carriages fitted with Mr. Smith’s 
patent ‘“‘run-straight” under-frame, which absolutely prevents 
the carriage from running side-ways. Messrs. Gough supply 
every class of bassinette, be it of papier-mache, wood, cr steel, 
and in all styles of springs.. Like other manufacturers, they are 
giving increased attention to hammock patterns, as well as to the 
graceful C with or without straps. In ears they haye a great 
variety in both wood and bamboo, several of the latter of fancy 


_ design convertible to a bed, and folding shafts can be had if 


desired. Their greatest novelty, however, is the invention of 
Mr. Nolan, a member of the firm. Without blocks we cannot 
illustrate this cart, but, in a word, the conversion mechanism 





1895 CATALOGUE of 


SPRITE | 


i 


pt EE 
whereby it can be used-as a single, a double, or a bed, is ex- 
tremely simple and effective. Our readers should see the firm’s 
catalogus, not alone of perambulators, but also of steel travelling- 
trunks, furnitura, &e. Messrs. Gough, it should be remembered, 
are manufacturers and factors cf numerous articles of domestic 
utility or omament, including pianos, clocks, e&., and are 
exclusively a wholesale firm. 


J. GREEN & CO., LIMITED. 


THIS firm have been established upwards of twenty years, and 
each year finds their trade on the increase. They haye again 
had to enlarge their premises. We haye seen their illustrated 
list for this year, which appears to us to show some splendid work. 
Nos. 1 to 5 on their list they claim are the cheapest carriages 
ever offered. The quality of the materials is thoroughly reliable, 








} as no cheap stuff is used and no extra charge is made for faney 


colours. No. 12 is a large and roomy carriage, and is a general 
favourite in London and the South. The finish of it, both in 
painting and upholstering, is excellent. The mail cart, No. 26, is 
the wonder of the season tor cheapness, quality, and colour. 

No. 15 carriage, whici is given on page 13, is got up in coach 
style, painted black and gold, and is really handsome. 

No. 43 mail cart, also shown on another page, is a very taking 
line. ; 


HALESOWEN PERAMBULATOR & CARRIAGE 
COMPANY, LIMITED. 


THE catalogue issued by this well-known company from their 
works at Halesowen, near Birmingham, is one of the best in the 
trade, both as regards completeness and quality. It contains 
illustrations of papier-mache and wood bodies, mounted on C 
springs, also with hammock suspension. The company haye some 
very tasteful designs in wood carriages of rustic, landau and 
circular pattern. We _ particularly admire their satin walnut 
bodies, with hand-carved ornamentation, such as the ‘‘Social,” the 
“Stanhope,” and the ‘‘ Beatrice,” all of hammock pattern. No. 
20, which isa wicker hammock, should also haye a large sale among 
those who like this style of carriage. 

The Halesowen Company haye a number of new designs in mail 
carts, several of which are convertible into beds with folding 
handles, and with-sides of earved walnut: They also make a 
feature of a superior class cf faney cars, but for these we must 
refer our readers to the catalogue, which is sent free on 
application. 


W. J. HARRIS & CO., LIMITED. 


Tuts well-known firm ef domestic machinery and perambulator 
manufacturers have a number of serviceable designs for the 
present season. . They have recently started a new department 
devoted to sewing machines, which they are now able to supply to 
the trade on the best terms. 





























is Now Ready. Write TO-DAY fora Copy, which shows 


HOW TO SELL 
TWENTY Machines in 1895 


AGAINST EVERY 
ONE You Sold in 1894. 
NO RISK TO YOU 
but GOOD PROFITS, 
and STERLING VALUE 
to YOUR CUSTOMERS. 


SPRITES LEAD 


IN 


Quality, Workmanship & Finish. 





SPRITES are CHEAP and GOOD, 
and Best Value on Earth, 
QUALITY CONSIDERED. 


Speciality: EASY PAYMENTS ORDERS. 
WRITE FOR PARTICULARS :— 


SPRITE CYCLE CO., Manufacturers, 


DEVONSHIRE ST,, 


BLOOMSBURY, LONDON, 


Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette. Mar. iy 1895. 








Piet NG acai Be SNe Lh BE cat a Mae 








S. DAVIS & CO.’S” 


Perambulators 





ball Carts — 









1 Me : a f 
i. 





Handsome Boat-shape SOCIABLE CARRIAGE suspended 

‘on steel springs by straps, with 23in. rubber tyred bicycle 
wheels, extended handles, centre cushion and apron and 
reversible hood made in walnut colovred wood, upholstered 
$n best American leather cloth, or in woollen carriage cloth. 


S. DAVIS & CO.’S PERIOD CON- 
YVERTIBLE MAIL CART, No. 16. ~ 









ma 
i 


Li ne : 


—=/) 































i Se iv 
* Superior Beaded Body, mounted on best Cee 
springs, carriage painted in art colours, loose 
cushions, best straps, can be used as an ordinary 
mail cart, or easily adjusted to enable an infant to 
lie down, light and easy riding, and very elegant 
in appearance. 26 in. rubber-tyred bicycle wheels, 
fitted with our new patent folding shafts, and 8 in. 
ubber-tyred wheels at back, and hood with 
$wisted brass joints. 


FOR SEASON 1895, 









§. DAVIS & C0O.’S No. 52. 





New Boat-shaped CARRIAGE, suspended on improyed 
Cee springs. by straps, with 25in. rubber tyred bicycle 
wheels, new beaded body, elegantly painted in coach style, 

and reversible hood, hardwood extended handle, centre y 
block and apron, upholstered in best American leather — 


cloth, or in woollen carriage cloth. _ 


S. DAVIS & CO.’S PERIOD CONVERTIBLE 
MAIL CART, No. 35. 
























































Superior carved satin walnut wood body, mounted on best Cee springs, 
adjustable foot board with brass rail to enable an infant to lie down, light 
running, and very handsome in appearance. 26 in. rubber-tyred bicycle 
wheels, fitted with our new patent folding shafts and 8 in. rubber-byred — 
wheels at back, and hood with twisted brass joints. : 








S. DAVIS & CO. | 


MANUFACTURERS AND MERCHANTS, 


Wholesale Depot and Chief Offices— 


241, 243, 245. 247, 251, HIGH ST., BOROUGH, LON DON, S.E. 


FACTORY: SWAN STREET, ‘BOROUGH, S.E. 
Send for Complete Ulustrated Price. List. for 1895: 


‘4 
y 















Pal sats 





AR. Hy rods" __ Supplement to the Journal of Domestic Applances and:Sewing Machine Gazette. ~9 


THE STAR MANUFACTURING COMPANY. 


Lf 
























































































































































THE ‘“ OPHIR.” 






















































































































































































































































































leer 












































































































































































































































THE “ORMUZ.,” 








HIS well-known Company, the most 
extensive perambulator manufac- 
turersin the world, have made con 
siderable alterations to their factory 

in Goodinge Road, Cattle Market, N., in 
order to meet a further increase in their trade, 
which last year exceeded its predecessors. 
This season they are open to supply their 
carriages with the ‘‘ Werwell” wheels, which, 
in addition to containing four extra spokes, 
have the best red rubber tyres guarantead 
for 12 months. Another new feature for the 
season is to pack the carriages in a new styla 
of crate, which weighs only 14 lbs., and to 
charge 9d. each for same, which is less than 
cost price, yet represents quite the value of 
the wood at the other end. It is hoped that 
dealers will prefer this method to having to 
return the crates. 


As usual, the Star Company in their ex- 
tensive and well-printed catalogue give dealers 
a wide choice both in bassinettes and mail 
carts. On pages 1 and 24 will be found 
several illustrations of their most saleable 
articles, and we subjoin three additional 
blocks. Dealers desiring fancy upholstering 
will be interested in knowing that this 
Company supply ‘carriages in not only 
Crockett’s leather, but also in carriage cloths, 
velvet, silk, &e. From this it may be inferred 
that they do not confine their attention to a 
cheap or medium class trade, but cater for 
every walk of life. 


As we have before stated, the Star Company 
have a laige trade in rolled steel carriages of 
extreme lightness, and they took <o well last 
year as to justify retaining them in the new 
list.. Our readers will also remember that last 
year they had a patent carriage which is con- 
vertible into a swinging cot. This has 
been improved recently, and is accordingly 
expected to be more popula: than ever. 


In carriages with wooden bodies, the 
Company haye several new styles, notably the 
‘Park ” and the ‘‘ Daphne,” thelatter on a 
fancy spring which at present is wanting a 
suggestive name. The ‘ Daphne” is one of 
the handsomest carriages in the market, and is 
painted tan or buff, and upholstered in the 
best leather cloth and silk lace. 


In two-handle carriages the Company have 
several cheap lines, particulaily the “Stafford,” 
which is a woodenette with three sunk panels 
on each side. A boat-shaped wooden body 
on C springs, called the ‘* Alix,” is also a very 
taking carriage and extraordinarily cheap. The 
“Regent,” which we illustrate, is a very hand 
some carriage for a medium-class trade, with 
stained body. 


Passing to the mail carts, we find the 
designs even more numerous than last year. 
A very popular style is the ‘‘ Ormuz,” which 
we illustrate. It is made from the_ best 
wicker, interwoven with American plait in 
buff and white straw. Several other singles 
are illustrated in the catalogue, including 
a series of novel designs, such as the ‘*Oroya ” 
and the ‘‘ Oruba,” both highly fanciful. The 
‘* Ophir,” however, which we illustrate, is 
perhaps more likely to command a large sale. 
It certainly is.one of the best convertibles in 
the market. _Weshow.it as a double car or 
sleeper, but it ean be instantly transformed 
to a single. Another convertible which Should 
sell well is the ‘ Orient,” which cah*bexised 
in five different positions, SNA 


We must really ask our readers-to-obt&in 
the Star catalocue for further details of these 
carriages, as to do them justice would require 
several columns of our space. They will a'so 
there find illustrations of various invaiid 
carriages, tradesmen’s carts, children’s 
carts, &o. a 6 





On or Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazeiee Mar, 1, ee 
a EIS STS Tg aR 
ESTABLISHED 








SECOND AWARD, 


























1i8ss. 








MELBOURNE 
Z 1874. EXHIBITION 





HURST STREET, 
BIRMINGHAM. 


POPOL SHOHH PP OL OSES OCOD OSLO DODO OOO OOOO COCO Os 


London Agent: 
Mr. W. F. KNIGHT, 8a, City Rd., EK. .C. 


Manchester Agent: 
Mr. 8. KYLE, 1a, Dantzig Street, 


MANUFACTURERS 
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 


_ BASSINETTES, MAIL CARTS, ‘AND 
INVALID GHAIRS. 








2 OUR NEW LIST FOR 1895, WHICH IS NOW READY, SHOULD BE IN THE HANDS: ; 
"OF EVERY DEALER, AND WILL BE SENT ON APPLICATION. a 3 

: ee 

4 


A Large Assortment = 
of TWO-HANDLED 
HAMMOCKS, in various 
designs and qualities. 
Also a splendid range 
of Convertible Mail Carts Ke : 





for one or two children. = 
; +. arr ‘ 











Mak. 1, 1895, Supplement ta the Journal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette. II 


‘THOMAS HARDSTAFF. 


For originality of ‘design and: variety of pattern, also for a 
practical make of carriages for children, we would recommend 
buyers to secure an illustrated list of perambulators and mail. 
carts issued for the current year by this maker. Mr. Hardstatf 
is one of the few makers who was in the field when the old style 
single perambulator (now almost obsolete) syas all the rage, and 
we believe he was the first to introduce the new design of carriages 


- which has revolutionised and practically eclipsed the olden times 


—heralding these happy days when taking the baby for a con- 
stitutional is a pleasure as against the drudgery of the days that 
are gone by. Mr. Hardstaff seems to us to be qnite a genius for 
improvements, having brought out several important features ; 
among then: we must notice the patent ‘‘Rustic Car,” of which 
the general public was not slow in showing appreciation, thousands 
of these cars have been sold, and the demand for them continues 
to a considerable extent. The present catalogue shows a variety 
from which one would think the most fastidious might select with 
satisfaction. Specially noticeable are No. 12, combining mail- 
cart and carriage in one; No- 144 isa single sleeping cart, and 
foot-board lets down at pleasure; No. 154 is a combination 
carriagette ; No.19 has a cane shell with movable tray ; and No, 20 
isa single cane cart (patent applied for) with rising foot-board. A 
patent Rustic Car is No. 26, suspended on steel springs by straps. 

The better class carriages, notably Nos. 28 and 30 (the latter a 
porouche) haye carved wood bodies polished, and are undeniably 
elegant. 

Mr. Hardstaff’s factory in Carrington-street, Nottingham, 
is of commodious dimensions, and here is kept a large and well- 
assorted stock of chairs and baskets, of both English and foreign 
manufacture, in wonderful variety, including chairs draped and 
upholstered in the newest style. 


JOHN HARROP, 


Mr. Jonny HARROP’S catalogue for the present season is one of 
the choicest specimens of printing issued this year by the 
perambulator trade, and we observe that ib only contains quick- 
selling lines. As many of our readers are aware, this firm do an 
extensive retail trade in addition to supplying dealers throughout 
the ccuntry, and are thoroughly acquainted with the puise of the 
public. No doubt this largely accounts for the discretion which 
Mr, Harrop always exercises in compiling his catalogues. We 
specially note that all these carriages are fitted with patent axle 
plates to ensure straight running, further that, unless otherwise 


ordered, turned and polished wood handles are supplied. Most 
of this firm’s carriages have wooden bodies and CG ot hammock 
springs, and a folding back-rest is fitted to many of the carriages. 
We note also that the best silk carriage lace is largely used in 
the upholstering. Dealers can, should they prefer it, have 
S.F. & Co.’s patent bow-spring. ai 
Mr. Harrop’s mail-cart trade has always been an important 
branch, and this season he is devoting special attention’ to con- 
yertible cars. Special notice should be drawn to his “Raleigh ai 
car, which can be used as a single, double, or as a lie-down 
carriage by a simple change which has been patented. - : 
Harrop’s patent combination baby carriage and mail-eart, which 


“was introduced last season, took so well that it is retained in this 


year’s list. We might add that the wholesale syarehouse of this 
firmis situated at 55, Tib-street, Manchester, and that London 
showrooms will shortly be opened; further that Mr. Harrop is 
also a manufacturer of furniture of all kinds. 


HUMPHRY & SONS, LIMITED. 

_ THIS firm have several specialities in mail-carts. Among these 
is the patent ‘Stanley,’ which can be used as a eomplete 
bassinette with hood, or altered for children to sit facing the 
attendant. Another speciality is the ‘‘ Premier” carriagette, in 
which one child can lie, and anothersit erect and face the attendant, 
or for the children to face each other; by folding back one of the 
seats we get a single car. SY OOP; 


: JAMES LLOYD & CO. 


THIS firm have now heen in the trade a quarter of a century, 
and they start the second quarter under thé most favourable con- 
ditions. Last year they removed to new prémises, in Hurst-street, 
Bumingham, built to the design of the proprietor, as illustrated 
on page 10. These are not only extensive, but also handsome.in 
appearance, and, indeed, we consider the factory is the fmest-in 
the country. Further, it is equipped with one of the!’most 
complete and up-to-date wood-making plants we haye ever seen, 
and the very latest and best driving and controlling mechanism. 
There are three floors anda basement, the ground floor being devoted 
to the carpenters, smiths’ shop and packing, not forgetting the 
engine-room ; the first, to hood-making and trimming, paiziting, 
hardware warehouse, and cutting, and the top floor to the wicker 
workers, body making, wheel store, and the French polishers, 
The whole building is heated by hot-water pipes, and a \powerfal 
lift communicates with every floor. The centre of the quadranglo 























































































































G. & J, LINES, 


No. 21. Safety Rocker Horse. 


MANUFACTURERS AND PATENTEES OF CHILDREN'S CARS AND STRONG TOYS, 
4.57, CALEDONIAN ROAD, LONDON, N. 














VICTORIAN CAR wt 





T. BARNFIELD & CO, 


‘ 


Bassinettes and Mail Carts, = 


Invalid Carriages & Toy Perambulators 


FOR HOME AND EXPORT TRADE. 





PRICE LIST FREE ON APPLICATION: > B 


SCARBORO’ 
136 & 137, CONYBERE STREET, 





BIRMINGHAM. 


Se PED Te ae ee ee ee Wage Se ter ogee oes Oe 


_ Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette. Mar. 1, 1895... 


THOMAS HARDSTAFF, “Scion stabet pribce 
: a 5 : NOTTINGHAR,. 

: WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 
BASKET, PERAMBULATOR, and WICKER ART FURNITURE MANUFACTURER. 
aN BASKETS in endless 

. eal Pe variety. 
See, Fae : 

ia. y CHAIRS both draped and 
Upholstered in Latest Style. 
CHILDREN’S CARRIAGES 

and MAIL CARTS. 
Novel in Design, Strong, 
_ Moderate Prices. 












Send for Illustrated Lists and 
' Prices free on application. 








5 f ZN 
THOMAS HARDSTAFF, \ 
Carrington St., Nottingham. 
ma SS Largest Depot in the Midland 
REGP.NS 246672 pr amaces 


GREAT IMPROY HANDLES SMITHS PATENT. 













anon Speed pian Handle 
which 
Manufacturers 
and Dealers 
should at once 
adopt, as it is 
eertain to please 
the Public. 


Order Early as 

the demand has 

already com- — 
“menced. ~ 


Every deserip- 
tion of Turnery 


Send for Price 


List Special terms to ~ 


a 
iN large buyers. 


The above illustration shows: No. 1, section of handle; No. 2, parts of handle, the ends being turned and screwed out of a solid piece 
of wood; No. 3, the handle complete. Manufacturers’ own patterns turned if required. as 


G. J. SMITH, GLOBE TURNERY WORKS, OLD HILL, Near BIRMINGHAM, 


Missing GArPIQEG cow » TEMA 


Made in three Classes 

CLASS A. Papier-maché body, well 
painted and upholstered, - wood 
hammock handles, wheels, 20in.x20in. 


PRICE 24/- EACH, 


Or 22/6 each for an order of six. es . 
CASH WITH ORDER. | 
SEE THE 


KNOCKOUT = 


CARTE TTE, | 

Circular wicker body, bent shafts» 
21 in. wheels. 

8/- each, or 7/6 each per dozen order. 


FULL ILLUSTRATED PRICE LIST on Spplication. 


LONDON SHOWROOMS: 
30, GRAY’S INN, ROAD, W.C. 
AGENT. GARLAND. | 






























































—— 





Se 
No. 66. Patent No. 7,217. Satin Walnut Body. 
(ESTABLISHED 1862 


G. H. WELLS 6 GO., esoenn wore BISHOP-ST,, BIRMINGHAM, ] 





done forthe. | 





ad Gay af 


Mar, 1, 1895.- 





is used for timber seasoning, and here and in one of the basement 
rooms is one of the most extensive stocks of timber in the pram 








including paint storing. Our readers 


A GUARANTEE AGAINST DISAPPOINTMENT 


J. GREEN & CO., Ltd., the celebrated 
Manufacturers of Baby Carriages and Mail 
Carts of every design up to date, have every 
confidence in recommending the goods they 
manufacture. For sterling quality and 
reasonable prices they claim to stand un- 
equalled, Iuspection of Show Rooms is 
cordially invited. Applications for Price 
Lists gladly welcomed. 

— CARRIAGES from i5s. to £10 each. 


We claim to be the largest Manufacturers 


can perhaps 








in England of Children’s Toy Carriages and _ 


Y, 





__ Supplement to the Journal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette... 13 


appreciate the extent of these premises when we state that ther 
capacity is 100 carriages a day. 

We have but little space left for noticmg the perambulators. 
On another page is Hlustrated a few of Lloyd’s cars and carriages, 
and we give herewith a couple more bassinettes. It isto the firm’s 
new catalogue, however, that our readers must go for further 
particulars. They make carriages and carts in every style, and 
specially apply themselves to satisfying the requirements of the 
middle classes. They have a large foreign and colonial trade. 
On a recent visit we found them completing a Palanquin 8 x 3ft. 
with lancewood shafts 16ft. Jong. It was built to the order of 
an African King, and his name, ‘‘ Coffee Adam,” was painted in 
large letters at the side. The whole was surmounied by a brass 
crown with blue and tinsel silk hangings, and it is to be carried 
by eight bearers. Messrs. James Lloyd and Co. haye devoted 
special attention to this order, but they’ haye not neglected the 
home trade, as their catalogue will prove, replete as it is with 
many choice designs in carriages and cars. Our readers should 
get a copy and judge for themselves. 


LEON L’HOLLIER. 


Not less than 130 pages bound in a handsome coyer constitutes 
this firm’s catalogue for the present season. In it we find many 
illustrations of wicket baskets and bamboo and wicker furniture 
made by Mr. L’Hollier, but the book is mostly devoted to 
carriages and carts. Last yeat, in spite of general bad trade, the 
output of this factory was one of the largest on record. Especially 
large was the trade in invalid carriages. 

We observe that Mr, L’Hollier is devoting special attention to 
patent hammock carriages with papicr-mache, rustic, plain, and 
carved bodies. His catalogue is particularly rich in cars, many 
of them convertible to three positions. .One of his specialities is 
the ‘‘ Duplex Revolver” which he calls ‘‘ the masterpiece of the 
trade.” It has two bodies, which can be revolved, with a well in 
the centre, and several combinations are easily produced. Both 
bodies haye detachable hoods. This car should sell well this 
season. L’Hollier’s mammoth catalogue can be had post free 
on application to the works, Bath-passage, Birmingham, 


LLOYD & CO., 


The Boro’ Lloyd, we mean, although he has now two addresses, 
the new showrooms being at 39, Wood-street, E.C. . Mr. Lloyd 
was one of the pioneers of the bamboo and wicker car trade, and 
this year he has additional style, notably the ‘‘ Bamlouba,” 
which is convertible into a bed-or double car. Ornamental cane 
and Indian matting is used for the body, and the handles are of 
malacea. Mounted on C-springs, it is sure to be a taking line. 






























—_—-_—— — Ges, 


L.* Mail Carts of every description. 
“Our Stocks are very large, our 
factory having been in full swing’ 
all the winter preparing for the: 
Spring trade. All the Toy Car- 
riages, &¢., are fitted with our 
own world-famed Patent Spider 
Wheels. 


TOY CARRIAGES FROM 320. TO 35s, EACH. 


J. GREEN & Co, Ltd, 
OLD BASFORD, NOTTINGHAM. 


Nie, a ete 











ee ee et 


brass rails, French 


14 Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette, — 


WELL. 






















polished by exes 
perienced hands, and 
upholstered in 
| Crockett’s leather, 
MS buff or tan, according 
_ ‘toorder. Everythiag 
_ guaranteed of best 
quality and work- 
: ‘manship. 


4 herewith place 
XY before VOU se 
PATENT , MAIL 
CART, which is with- 
out doubt the great- 
est triumph in the 
Mail Cart ‘Trade. 
Tt is easily made to 
form either a Single, 
Double, or Sleeping 
Car. It is beauti- 
fully carved in Satin 
Walnut, fitted with | 
best hollow-twisted  \\ 


TSS 




















N.B.The Sinela 
Car is formed by, 
sliding the well — 
under the seat. as 
shown on left hand ~ : 
designs Re 











‘No. 3, 


The above are Three out of our Six Leading Lines, and are regular goods, phigh can be repeated all through the - 
Season. Do not delay in sending for our Catalogue of Bassinettes and’ Mail Carts. We would also aia your — 
attention to the large stock of Carriage Rugs that we have—all the best shades and exceedingly low prices. _ 








“a" BENJAMIN POOLE, “2:3" 





MAIL CART AND BASSINETTE MANUFACTURER 
ae FOR HOME AND EXPORT. | q 
a WOOD TURNER, : 


EVERY DESCRIPTION OF WOOD WHEELS MADE TO ORDER. 











SAW-MILLS : 40., BRISTOL ST. BIRMINGHAM. 





=m F 






Mar. 1, 1895. 


We illustrate one of this firm’s best novelties, called the 
“ Babicar.” It has folding doors, like a cab, and ash  shatts 
folding by means of Lloyd’s patent appliance, made of gun-metal, 
Beyond doubt this is a very taking car, well made and best 
carriage-painted as it is. On page 5 is shown one of Lloyd’s 
bassinettes ; but he makes numerous other styles, also- a greati 
variety of folding and other cars, not forgetting strong toys, which 





he now manufactures in quantities. t 
mention that Mr. Lloyd’s cars haye easily detachable hoods, in 
order that canopies may be used ; further, that he has the sole 
right to use a new style of embroidered canopy, 38 by 16, m 
various colours, which is exceedingly handsome, and he is prepared 
to send samples to any of our readers. Our advice is, by all 


We must not forget to 


means see them, 


G. & J; LINES. 


_ This firm are perhaps the best known in the country for strong 
toys, including rocking and safety rocker-horses. They have two 
factories in the north of London, their principal address being 
' 457, Caledonian-road, Cattle Market, N. They have now closed 
their Hackney-road premises, but continue the factory at North- 
road, Holloway. ~ 





Supplement to the Journal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette. © 15 


Messrs. Lines’ extensive trade is not by any means confined to 
strong toys, as they also make bassinettes on a large scale, but 
their mail-cart department is even more important. It has 
always been the policy of this firm to supply articles which could 
only be obtained from themselves, the consequence is that their 
showrooms are generally full of novelties in the toy and car line. 
Their catalogue, which we advise our readers to obtain, shows 
a large number of strong, handsome, and convenient mail-carts, 
both in bamboo and wood, also several excellent convertible cars. 
Of the latter class, we give an illustration on page 11 of the 
‘“Cherub,” which is intended to suit an infant of six months or 
a child much older. It can also be converted to a single car or 
used for two grown-up children. This firm’s ‘‘ Champion” folding 
car is haying a large sale, and for the new ‘‘ Belgrave,” a 
neat and compact single, a large demand is expected. This year 
Messrs. Lines are‘French-polishing many of their carsin preference 
to painting, as they find the polished deteriorate less quickly 
than the painted cars. They have a patent adjustable shaft, 
which folds right back instead of remaining upright, as is usually 


‘the case. The ‘‘ Fife,” a reversible, and the ‘‘ Babbicombe,” a 


convertible, car, both of them last year’s favourites, are still 
retained in this firm’s list. 


T. LUCKETT. 


Mr, Luckett has now comfortably settled down in his new 
factory in Mark-lane, Pershore-street, Birmingham. It is 
almost next door to his old premises, but so much more extensive 
that he is enabled to almost double his output. Last year he 
commenced to devote more attention to dealers than, as formerly. 
working for the trade, and the result has been in every way 
satisfactory. It may not be generally known that Mr. Luckett 
is one of the most experienced designers and manufacturers in the 
perambulator trade. This year he issues a very elaborate list of 
60 large pages, well filled with illustrations of bassinettes, mail- 
carts, and bamboo and wicker furniture. The latter articles now 
command a large share of his attention, and in overmantels, 
cabinets, hall-stands, and child’s swing cots of bamboo and lacquer 
work he is entitled to first rank for tasteful design, workmanship, 
and finish. This class of trade is largely on the inerease, and our 
readers shoukl not fail to get a copy of Luckett’s illustrated list. 

As our readers well know, it was Mr, Luckett who invented 
the ‘‘Goldendine”’ style of carriage and car, and he is still selling 
these in large quantities. Great attention is also being given to 
carved satin-walnut bodies, both for carriages and ears, the 
carving being done by hand on the premises, The cars are in too 
ereat a variety for detailed mention, but a series of hand-carved 
single carts of mahogany, black walnut, and other woods (all 
convertible to beds, with folding shafts) seemed to us to be among 
his most saleable lines. This firm haye also an established 
reputation for wicker carriages and carts, but our readers must 
really get a copy of the eatalogue and see for themselves, 





— Pf, LICK ETT, 



































en lle 


\HE=s 


CITY STEAM 


. Patentee and Manufacturer of Bassinettes, Mail Carts, Invalid Carriages, Rocking Horses, 
ee ~ Toy Cycles, Safety Horses, Bamboo and Wicker Furniture, &c. 














PRICE LISTS FREE ON 
APPLICATION. 


WORKS, MARK LANE, PERSHORE ST.. 
BIRMWIINGHAMNYWI. 


ie alata viet cake | mie 
Supplement to the “Fournal of Domestic Appice and Sebiie Machine” Casette, _Mise. 4, 1898. : . 


‘To RovaL Gzoncz Crean 


ARE OF THE HIGHEST GRADE 
AND THE LATEST DESIGN. 


2, 








ceseetenteteoentesteeentesteoesteseeteates ae ce see 
AGENTS, Retail Lists 
please Supplied, 
write us : 
for our ~ . a 
1895 Agents’ 
weve MEST. Of Addvess; 
Everything bse eres: 
connected pr pices: 
writh the 0 : 
CYCLE ATR N\ 
: We Su ort 
TRADE. \ )) a rk Lees 
oe Bona-fide oe “i 
Agents only. ~ Repairs, 
oe ‘Nickel plating. 
Prices to Stowe = 
suit all. « Be 
ee Enamelling, 


—0— 





— ee in our own 
Quality a See | 

= de aereee THE ROYAL GEORGE file 

fessor LADIES SAVED 


Manufactured by 


THE ST. GEORGE'S CYCLE C0, 


mot & 298, UPPER STREET, 


LONDON, N. 


TTelecski Address; 3 DIALLAGE, LONDON. 











Mar. 1, 1895. 


LONDON BROTHERS. : 


The catalopue issued this season by Messrs. London Bros., 
of Harford Street, Birmingham, gives the carriages and cars in 
colours, and the lithoerapher having done his work well, dealers 
can form a good idea of the articles illustrated. This firm divide 
theix list into three classes, which they name ‘‘cheap,” ‘ mediui,”’ 
and ‘‘hichest.” In the cheapest class they supply papicr-mache, 
rustiz, and steel bodies. They provide for a middle-class trade 


several handsome and well-finished two-handie suspension 
carriages. Passing to the ‘highest elass,~ it is here they score 





the most. The ‘‘ Harford,’ a landan on C-springs, painted brown, 
with fawn upholstery and ruby-coloured under-earriage, is cercain 
tobe a favonrite this season. So, too, are several of the hand- 
carved carriages. In cars this firm offer a wide selection, giving 
special prominence to-a number of white cane carts on C-springs, 
with folding shafts, of novel design—too novel to make clear with- 
out illustrations. Several of these are upholstered in art green, 
with nickel-plated fittings, and canopy. Messrs. London have 
certainly good cause to be proud of some of their new cars, which 
statement our readers will endorse if they procure their catalogue, 
which is sent free on application. We mieht add that this firm 
have storerooms in Glasgow (22, Hope-street), and in London 
(17, Berners-street, W.), where also can be seen sainples of their 
hedsteads, fenders, coal vases, &e. 


PARKER BROTHERS. 


Messis. Parker are known the world over as one of the 
leading English perambulator manufacturers, a position which 
they have attained after 30 years of trading, supplying in that 
time we know not how many tens of thousands of goo:l, sound 
carriages, mostly of their own special patterns. They employ no 
travellers, but issue each year one of the mos) detailed cataloones 
in the trade, with which they enclose three sheets for dealers 
to exhibié im their shopa, illustrating hassinettes, mai! carss, and 
toy perambulators respectively. 

Messrs. Parker were among the pioneers of art colonvs, but 
they find that the lightest shades do not give complete satisfae- 
tion. They are not sufficiently serviceable. Accordingly they give 
the preference to tan, drab, and claret. Moss of their carriages 
are this year more roomy, with deeper wells, and although they 
keep in their list many C and other springs, they are making a 
variety of hammocks to suit the prevailing taste. They have 
a line of very cheap carriages both in papiermache and wood 
bodies suspended from two bow springs by iron hooks and with, 
of course, two handles. A series of C spring carriages with satin 
walnus bodies elecanily carved and highly polishet attracted 
our attention as likely to be in favour this season. We also 
observed that three-ply maple veneer was being extensively used 














| improved, and on page 19 its Iatest form is illustrated. 


Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette. 17 





for wood body carriages, which affords increased strength, ‘In going 
round this firm’s extensiye showroom in jthe Curtain Road, B.C., 
we specially noticed a range of perambulators in which panels of 
Japanese figured lacquer work and bamboo were lagely used for 
the bodies. This will not suit all tastes, but the general effect 
is certainly pleasing. Altogether this' firm have some 30 
designs in bassinettes for the present season. : 

Messrs. Parker’s list of carts has been increased by several con- 
vertible carts, and now comprises some 40 distinct varieties. No 
design is kept in the list except itis meeting with favour in the 
trade. In wicker carts the ‘‘ Hastings” is very popular, and with 
it, as with certain wooden carts, is supplied a removable tray for the 
child to lie upon. Thus the cart suits children of all ages. The 
“Tmperial ” has Parker’s patent sliding well, which allows of one 
child lying downor for one. or two to sib erect. In single carts 
this firm have a elass with wooden bodies, which they call the 
‘“Kelipse.” The well can be raised to form a bed, or can be 
lowered and used asa support to the feej when sitting erect, 
Space does not permit of our mentioning more of this firm’s 
numerous carts, but on application Messrs. Parker will send om 
readers fone,of their complete catalogues. 





BENJAMIN POOLE. 

On visiting Mr. Poole’s factory at 40, Bristol Street, Birmingham, 
we were surprised to find that he is getting much more 
ambitious. He used to be content with supplying the cheapest 
quality mail carts, but this year he is making in addition 4 
ereat variety of medium-priced carbs, and is bold enough to state 
that he keeps the largest stock in the Midlands. On page 14 
he illustrates one of his specialities, a cart with a body of satin. 
walnut, artistically carved, convertible by very simple, patented 
means. Heislooking forward toa good trade in this style, also in 
other carts with carved sides. He is this season sending out to 
dealeis, on application, three large sheets, two of them illustrating 
earts, and the third bassinettes. Im the latter elass (he also 
supplies carved panels and every form of spring, from the commor 
bow to the best hammock. Rugs can be had of Mr. Poole in all 
shades, and at the lowest prices. Our readers should write for 
particulars. i 





G. H, PRICE. 


Last year we called special attention to Mr, Price’s patented 
form of suspension, Since then, the invention has been much 
Mr. Price 
isan old-established perambulator manufacturer, who knows what 
suits the public, and is more sanguine than ever that his ‘‘ Eclipse” 
patent will grow in popularity. _ He is now offering to supply thie 
trade with the under-carriage, including axles and suspension 





Price List 
AND DESIGNS 
ON APPLICATION. 









éé iz 
pf be = mt 
Spokes, 


bulator 


CHARLES GOLEMAN & 60. 


TELEGRAMS: 
« BASSINETTES,” 
LONDON, 


VICTORIA 
INVALID CARRIAGE, 
MAIL CART, 


AND 


BASSINETTE 
WORKS, 


PRAED STREET, 


PADDINGTON, LONDON, W. 





WirEetEer oF Lire.” 


DUNKLEY’S 1895 
Zo Cycle Wheels, 14 in. Air Tyres, 
Ball Bearings, Plated Hubs and 
Rims enamelled, 8 inch 
- diameter to 30 inch, from 10/6 per 

pair, for Mail Carts, Perambulators, 

and Bath Chairs. Cycle and Peram- 
Parts, .&e. 
arranged with a few other makers 
for Patent Sliding Well Mail Cart. 





Pneumatic 


Royalties 








Patent Cart as Single, and Shafts at 
the. back, froma 25s, 





LONDON AGENT: = 


A. MOORE, 76, Hounsditch. 


Patent Cart as Double and Shafts 
at front. 


W.. H.. DUNKLEY,. World Factory, Birmingham. 





18 Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appleances and Sewing Machine Gazette. — Mar. 1, 1895. 
eR 








Heleernms: “ FURNITURK.” 


JOHN GOUGH & CO., 


WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS TO THE TRADE OF 









Clocks, Pictures, Watches, and Bronze 
Ornaments, 


FURNIFURE. 92 3] 
LOOKING GLASSES. 
BASSINETTES, .- 24 
MAIL CARTS” = 8 
CYCLES 33. 


~ Drapers’ and Tailors’ Show Glasses and 
Shop Mirrors. 


Bedsteads, Bedding, Carpzts, Oilcloths, and 
Linoleums, 





Wringing Machines and Woven Wire Spring 
Mattresses, 





ALL COMMUNICATIONS TO BE eal: TO THE 


Chief Offices: 
on) Cross Street, ‘Swan Street, MANCHESTER. | 


DOORS ASO PHOOHOD SOSEPESHOHHESEF OSE LOSSES OOOH OHSS OOS SOS 





FULL LISTS ON APPLICATION. — Mention Paper. 








AF Special Notice to all interested 
~ in Mail Carts & Bassinettes. 


_ THOSE in search of REAL 
NOVELTIES forthe SEASON 


1895 should demand from their 
Wholesale Houses a SAMPLE SET of ~ 


a BY 1) 
C. C.BEETLES 
LATEST REGISTERED DESIGNS, 
which are obtainable atall the Principal 

Houses in the Trade. ‘i 
Wholesale Dealers supplied with Bodies 
only if required. 


FEICES : : ; : 
93, Herbert Street, Kew North Road, London, N.. 


THE ‘ CONDOR SAFETIES”’ 
eee MATERIAL 
SUPERIOR FINISH 
BEST WORKMANSHIP 
LATEST DESIGNS 
“LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES. 


Agent s Wanted: 


Agents wishing to do a Hire Purchase Trade should 
write for terms. Norisk. I take allriskas to Payment. 


HARRY S. ROBERTS, 


CYCLE WORKS, 
-Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, Bucks. 


























































































































































a fe Se 


Mar. 1, 1895. 
ee 


fittings, at very moderate prices. We might explain that no bolts, 
screws, or Trivets are used in fixing the spring to the axles— the 
union between: the two being obtained by a casting. Thus this 
carriage, whichis undeniably handsome, must always run perfectly 
straight, and thereis absolutely nothing to get loose and rattle. 
The trade should inquire further into this patent. 


ROTHSCHILD & BAKER. 

The factory of this young and progressive firm, in St. Paul’s 
Square, Birmingham, is being rebuilt as fast as possible, and 
it is hoped that dealers’ requirements will be more quickly 
attended to than formerly. The palm as to catalogues is this 
year unhesitatingly due to Messrs. Rothschild & Baker. Here 
sve have no less than 44 laige sheets, bound in stiff boards, with 
many carriages and carts beautifully illustrated, absolutely in 
fae simile as to proportion and colouring. We never remember to 
haye seen so fine a catalogue before. In saying this we are 
reminded of a remark made by a dealer some years ago, that he 
found the worst carriages were supplied by firms who issued the 
best printed lists. From personal inspection of Messrs. 
Rothschild & Baker's factory, however, we can confidently state 
that our friend’s remark can have no reference to them, as we 
found nothing but good material being worked up by competent 
hands under skilled supervision. We particulaily observed that 
the medium and best-class carriages and carts were coach-pointed, 
and that the finish was perfection. 

Coming to details, one of the greatest novelties of this firm 
is the Pneumatic (Baker's pasent), We regret that we cannot 
give an illustration of this unique invention, but our readers can 
see it for themselves by writing for a catalogue. In a word, it 
consists of the posing of the body on four air-bags covered with 
canvas, held in position by nickel-plated steel caps which are bolted 
on to the steel portion of the spring. The appearance is by no means 
unpleasing, and the carriage must assuredly travel very com- 
fortably. Of course, the cost is increased by this arrangement, 
tut the extra charge is only £2, which the highest class carriage 
should reasonably be able to bear. 

In addition to a variety of designs in hand-carved bodies, this 
firm are making a range of exceedingly handsome white cane 
bassinettes mounted on C springs, or suspended hammock-style. 
They are supplying art colours, giving special prominence to a 
new sea-green, which wears well. These C springs have leather 
connections, which allow of a comfortable up and down motion, 
with a minimum of side sway. 

In mail carts, Messrs. Rothschild & Baker have several choice 
designs with patent automatic extending well for one or two 
children, and they also supply invalid carriages also horses and 
‘vieycles. . 


SIMMONS & CO. 


Last year’s trade with Messrs, Simmons & Co, beat their record, 
and this season they have started under the most favourable 
circumstances. ‘heir factory in Tanner Street, London, S.E., has 
been enlaiged, and a laige and well-lighted showroom constructed. 

A new departure has been made as regards wheels. Every 
cairtiage is provided with red rubber tyres, which means an 
increase in cost, but Mr. Simmons considers it will repay him to 
supply a better tyre even at the sacrifice of a little profit. 


Spbenent to the Fournal of Vomestic Apphances and Sewing Machine Gazette. 


19 


Another feature worthy of attention is the use of an outer layer 
of American white wood absolutely free from knots, the result 
being a better finish. Speaking of finish, it is here where Messrs. 
Simmons haye excelled of late without sacrificing any of their well- 
known points of excellence, viz., choice design and good 
upholstering. On page 2 we show two of this firm’s latest carriages. 
The ‘‘Luxury,” like most of their bassinettes, is very roomy, 
with an extra deep well. Ofcourse, they are making carriages with 
carved sides, and continue to supply the ‘‘ National” with marquetry 
work as last year. Mr. Simmons is one of the most prolific 
inventors in the trade, and has no less than thirteen patents 
running ; hence many of his carriages and carts have noyel features. 
He has made a special study of springs, and strongly recommends 
his ‘‘Ovoid” and ‘‘Volute” springs, but also supplies C’s and 
hammocks. The popula: ‘‘ Argosy,” on C springs, we hear, is still 
in great demand, and, as most of our readers know, it is hard 
to beat as a tasteful, durable and comfortable carriage. Art 
colours, as before, can be had if required. 























~ In carts this firm have a large variety, ranging from the lowest 
prices. The ‘‘ Joy” isa very cheap single, with wicker body 
and detachable bed and cushion. ‘The ‘* Protean” isa wicker, 
bassinette shape, convertible into a tandem mail cart, moving on 
four wheels with equipoise springs. Since last year it has been 
made more roomy in order not to cramp the children’s legs. We 
‘consider the method adopted by Messrs. Simmons, and 
patented, for conyerting a cart into a bed, one of the simplest yet 
introduced. The shafts are shorter than usual, and the child has 
full support for the feet when sitting erect. The ‘‘ Royal,” of 
cane and bamboo, has a bed which pulls ont from under the seat, 
and should sell well. The ‘ Austrian,” of bentwood, originally 
introduced by Messrs. Simmons, is now made lighter and cheaper. 











—T H E— 


“ECLIPSE 


PATENT SUSPENSION 


(PRICE’S PATENT). 
The SIMPLEST, MOST DURABLE, 
and MOST COMFORTABLE 
CARRIAGE YET INTRODUCED, 


The Trade supplied with the Under- 
Carriage, including Axles, Springs, 
and Fastenings for the Body. 


MODERATE PRICES. 
WRITE FOR TERMS. 


G. R. PRICE, 


Perambulator Manufacturer, 
187 & 188, GOOCH ST., 


# BIRMINGHAM, # 














20 Supplement to the pe, of Donen Ue ao eons Machine, Ge a 





Se, SET he Be x 
Man. 1, 1895 


The Kings! ian ati i 


MAKERS: OF GOOD, SOUND, RELIABLE 


Bt a Low Price. 









1895, 
CUSHIONS, DUNLOP 


£4 15s. Od. 








Other Tyres at equally reg Prices. 





SEND FOR OUR 1895 LIST. 


















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































Gacle Works: 


9, DOCGWRA’S BUILDINGS, KING HENRY’S WALK. KINGSLAND, 


LON DON INT. 





- last year their trade was the largest on record. 


——— 





ee a 


Pe rr 
Diese ai deco giote fi Pee ; 
Mar. 1, 1895. Supplement to the Fours 

Last year an enormous number of the patent “ Simmons’ Gig,” 

which we here illustrate, were sold, and this season several makers 

are using it on royalty. It must really be seen to be appreciated, 

a leading feature being a hood with a smooth round top, like a 

Hansom cab. 

Messrs. Simmons are now on the telephone, No. 4,980, and 
they are supplying dealers with catalogues with spaces left for 
names, also with electros on the lowest possible terms. 


G. J. SMITH’S PATENT HANDLES. 


On page 12 is illustrated and described a new carriage handle, 
the invention of Mr. G. J. Smith, of Old Hill, near Birmingham. It 
is intended to take the place of the extension wood handle now 
yery popular in the trade, As our readers know, many of these 
are fitted with iron screws, to which the ends are screwed, and they 
are very liable to break off when pressure isexerted. Mr. Smith’s 
handles, on the other hand, areof wood throughout, the ends screw- 
ing into the centre part, and they are practically unbreakable. 


G. H. WELLS & CO. 


No makers in the trade, perhaps, are better known or respected 
than G. H. Wells & Co., of Bishop Street, Birmingham. 
Established as far back as 1862, they have ever gone forward, until 
One feature 
of their business has for years been to study the easy payment 
trade, which means that durability is an essential point. Messrs. 
















































































Wells have retained in this year’s list all the carriages and ears 
which were successes last season, particularly an exceedingly cheap 
line in papier-mache bassinette, as Ulustrated above, which has met 
with great favour, They have also added a range of handsomely 
carved satin wood carriages fitted on all kinds of springs, including 
hammocks. A few months ago Mr. Wells had to bemoan the 
sudden death of his father—one of the most practical men in 
the trade—but the son has been trained in the business from a 
mere boy, and. no falling off in excellence will take place. 

In mail carts Messrs, Wells are giving special attention to a 
class which is convertible from a single to a bed by the simplest 


~ mechanism possible. Further, carts with earyed panels figure 


largely in their list. No reader should omit to write to this firm 
for their catalogue, which can be had gratis on application, 





BICYCLES ; WHERE TO BUY. 


Many perambulator dealers also sell cycles, and we subjoin a few 
names of firms who supply these machines, : 

BRADBURY & Co,, Limirep.—This firm make only the highest 
class machine, and dealers requiring an agency for a really good 
article should apply either to their works at Oldham, Lancashire, 
or,to their London office, 14, Newgate Street, H.C. 

KINGSLAND MANUFACTURING COMPANY,—This company had an 
extraordinary run on Safeties last year, and have now, in full work- 
ing order, one of the best factories in London (see page 20) at 


zal or Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette. at 


Docwra’s Buildings, King Henry's Walk, Kingsland, N. We have 
carefully inspected their cycles, and have also given them a 
trial, and we can strongly recommend them as sound, reliable 
machines, at a low price. Mr. Hewett is a thoroughly practical 
man, and he has constructed some special machinery which enables 
him, he assures us, ‘‘to produce a machine cheaper than any other 
maker.” He has also a perambulator factory only supplying the 
trade. His latest novelty is pram wheels with ball :bearings and 
plated hubs, which he can sell to the trade at something under 303. 
per set for 26's and 20's. These ought to sell. Mr. Hewitt wishes 
it known to dealers that he gives a guarantee for twelve months 
with every one of his cycles. : 

H. 8. Roperts.—-This firm, whose works are at Deanshanger, 
Stony Stratford, Bucks, have built up an enormous business by con- 
sulting the interests of dealers. Many agents do not care to do an 
easy payment trade. Mr. Roberts, then, is just the maker for them, 
as all the dealer has to do is to get an order, send it to him, and, 
if approved of, he is paid a high rate of commission cash down. 
Dealers should get his price list and terms. He makes a first- 
class machine, not too high in price. 

THE ST. GEorGE’s CycLE CompANy.—This young and vigorous 
concern have now extensive premises in Upper Street, Islington, N., 
divided into two departments—viz, a factory for parts, and one for 
complete machines. ‘lhey claim to beable to supply dealers with 
parts and accessories better than anyone else in the trade, being 
actual manufacturers and large factors. Their bicycle is called the 
‘“* Royal George,” and is of high gradeat a low price. They issue a 
very complete catalogue, which will be sent to any of our readers on 
application. 

THE SPRITE CycLE CompANy.—Mr, W. Coote Reynolds, the pro- 
prietor of the Sprite Cycle Company, of Devonshire Street, Queen 
-Square, London, W.C., is very particular as regards his agencies. 
His motto is one agent only in a district, and serve him well. 
Dealers, therefore, who are open to accept an agency for a good 
sound bicycle should communicate with this maker. We can bear 
testimony to the fact that the Sprite machines give the greatest 
possible satisfaction to riders, F 

THE VICTORIA MANUFACTURING ComMpPANY. — Our North 
‘country dealers are, perhaps, better acquainted with the Victoria 
Manufacturing Company, of Hanover Street, Glasgow, than 
those residing in the South; but all should thoroughly under- 
stand that this company is now making a capital Safety bicycle, and 
are open to appoint agents where there is a vacancy. Dealers 
should write for their terms, which, we understand, are ofa fayour- 
able character, . } 

THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE CompANy.—The White Sewing 
Machine Company do not confine their ‘attention to sewing 
machines, but have also a large wholesale trade in cycles. 
Their machines are the “Triumph” and the “Wincycle.” Both 
these machines are of high grade, and dealers should secure 
agencies for same. The address of the company is 48, Holborn 
Viaduct, E.C. © 


a a a SY 


BEAR THIS IN MIND! 


W. Jj. Harris & Co., Limited, beg to inform the agents 
and dealers throughout the country that they have just 
completed arrangements with Messrs. Stoewer to stock 
their unrivalled and highly finished sewing machines, 
so that in future small buyers of two to six machines at 
a time can be supplied within 24 hours notice, and at the 
very lowest prices. 

Stoewer’s machines are guaranteed the cheapest and 
best finished in the market, and will be found to command 
the quickest sale with servants and for family use. 

Send for illustrated list and sample machine, which 
will be cheerfully sent on approval—W. J. Harris & Co., 
Limited, Haymerle Road, London, S.E.—Apvyr. 





NOTICE TO PRAM. DEALERS. 


In writing to firms referred to in this publication it is 
advisable to say ‘‘as mentioned in the Pram, Buyers’ 
Guide.” 

Do you want some very effective pictorial circulars ? 
If so drop a post-card to Sewell & Co., 28, Paternoster 
Row, London, E.C, who will forward you a sample of 
their humorous circulars specially intended for the 


perambulator trade. 





Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette, Mar. 1 





A FEW USEFUL ADDRESSES. - 


Po statestestatectestatestestes’ 
Ea Kea Kea CLK 


We give below the names and addresses of wholesale firms who supply articles which are ordinarily sold by 
perambulator dealers. Most of the firms are open to appoint sole agents in various towns, and dealers who 
esire to take up paying agencies should write for terms and full particulars, mentioning this journal. 
desi ke up paying ag hould write fi d full particul t g this j 1 





SEWING MACHINE MANU- 


FACTURERS AND 
IMPORTERS. 


Baer & Rempel, Bielefeld, the\Pheenix. 

Bradbury & Co., Ltd., Wellington Works, Oldham and branches. 

Bradbury, C., 249A, High Holborn, London, W.C., Grimme, Natalis, 
& Co.’s machines. 

Branston Two-reel Sewing Machine Company, 59, Holborn Viaduct, 
E.C., the Branston Two-reel machine. 

Bishop’s Cluster Company, 147, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the 
Gloria machine and others. 

Eclipse Machine Company, Oldham, Lancs., the Eclipse machine. 

Flanagan Two-reel Sewing Machine Company, Ltd., Clayton, Accring- 
ton, the Flanagan Two-reel machine. 

Harris, W. J., & Co., Ltd., Haymerle Road, Peckham, S.E., Bern. 
Stoewer’s ani other machines. 

Jones Sewing Machine Company, Lid., Guide Bridge, Jones’ machines. 

Kimball & Morton, Ltd., Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, the Lion machine 
and others. 





Koch, H., & Co., 22, Paper Street, Red Cross Street, London, E.C., the. 


Koch machine. 

Mundlos, H., & Co,, Magdeburg, Germany, the Victoria machine. 

Murdoch, J. G. & Co., Ltd., 91, Farringdon Road, London, E.C., 
various machines. 

Nothmann, Gebr., Berlin. Agent: E. Rausnitz, 184, Aldersgate Street, 
B.C., the Nothmann. : 

London Sewirg Machine Company, 4, Newgate Street, London, E.C. 

Pfaff, G.M. Agent: Wilhelm & Co., 132, Wool Exchange, London, 
the Pfaff. 

Redpath, W. P., West Street, Berwick-on-T'weed, the New Home 
machine- i 

Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C., the high arm 
Naumann machines and others. 3 

Singer Manufacturing Company, 39, Foster Lane, London, and 
branches. 


Two-reel Sewing Machine Company, Ltd., Nechells, Birmingham, 


Daniel Jones’ Patent Two-reel machine. 

Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley, Yorks, the Cyclops machine. 

Vertical Feed Company, 24, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C., the 
Vertical Feed machine. 

White Sewing Machine Company, 48, Holborn Viaduct, E.C., the 
White machine. ¢ 

Wheeler & Wilson Company, Paul Street, E.C.; the Wheeler & 
Wilson machine. 

' Zschwinzscher, G., 

machines. 


34, Aldermanbury, E.C. Biesolt & Locke’s 


WASHING AND WRINGING 
MACHINE MANUFACTURERS 
AND IMPORTERS. 





Acme Machine Company, Henrietta Street, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 


American Wringer Company, 122, Southwark Street, London, S.E., 
rubber wringers. 


Cherry Tree Machine Company, Limited, Cherry Tree, Lancs. 
Entwisle & Kenyon, Accrington. 


Kimball & Morton, Bothwell Circus, Glasgow, rubber wringers. 
Milne, Geo., Shields Road, Glasgow. ; 
Taylor & Wilson, Atlas Works, Accrington. 

Varley & Wolfenden, Keighley. 

Whalley, Geo. & Co., Eagle Iron Works, Keighley. 


SUBSCRIPTION FORM, 
To Messrs. SEWELZ, & Co., 
28, PATERNOSTER Row, Lonpon, E.C. 


Enclosed I send you 3/6 for one year’s subscrip— | 
tion, post. free, to Journal of Domestic 
Appliances and Sewing Machine Gazette, 
to include a free copy of each number of the | ¢ 
Ehire Traders’ Guide and Re: ord. 5 


Name 









Address 
Date Se a ewe 








Sawing Maching - 


i 





radbury & Co., Limited, Oldham. 
Eclipse Machine Company, Oldham. 
Kingsland Manufacturing Company, 3, Docwra’s Buildings, King 
Henry's Walk, Kingsland, N. 
Nothmann, Gebr., 184, Aldersgate Street, E.C. 
Roberts, H, S., Deanshanger, Stony Stratford, Bucks. 
St. George’s Cycle Company, Upper Street, London, N. 
Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, Fore Street, E.C. 
Sprite Cycle Company, Devonshire Street, London, W.C: 
Victoria Manufacturing Company, 78, Hanover Street, Glasgow. 
White Sewing Machine Company, 48, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C 


MUSICAL INSTRUMENT 
MANUFACTURERS : 

/ AND 
‘IMPORTERS. 


Bell Organ Company, 49, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C, 

Gough, J., & Co., 20, Cross Street, Manchester. 

Murdoch, J. G. & Co., Limited (Automatic, &c.), 91, Farringdon Road, 
London, E.C. \ 

Peters & Co. (Automatic, &c.), 84, Oxford Street, London, W. 

Seidel & Naumann, 23, Moor Lane, E.C 

Wilhelm & Co., 132, Wool Exchange, E.C. Z 


KNITTING MACHINE 
MANUFACTURERS. 


<== DBiernatzki & Co., 44, Mansfield Road, Nottingham. . 
Eclipse Machine Company, Oldham. oe 
Harrison Knitting Machine Company, Manchester. 

Stibbe, G., 25, Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 














_ FURNITURE 
MANUFACTURERS. 


Gough, J , & Co., 20, Cross Street, Swan Street, Manchester. ie: 
Harrop, J., 55, Tibb Street, Manchester. eae 
Humphry & Sons, Limited, Scotland Street, Parade, Birmingham. 
London Bros., Harford Street, Birmingham, bedsteads. 


_, PERAMBU- _ 
LATOR =~ . 
AND MAIL = PUA 
CART MANUFACTURERS. 


See other pages. 






















EVERY PRAM. DEALER SHOULD SUBSCRIBE TO 
THE JOURNAL OF 


‘Domestic Meplances oe 


LERS3 GU\ <i) 
MET GAZETTE (stike 
SEWING, WASHING S& KNITTING, MA 
> <> CHILDRENS CARRIAGES, @ 4 

ANDALLKINDSOF & 












Published ist of each Month. Single Copies Fourpence, 


1 ie ~ Mar: sa 189 che ve Supplement to the Fournal of Domestic Apphances and Sewing Machine Gazette. 22 
———————————— TS 
W. FOSTER & CO., 


-PERAMBULATOR FITTING MANUFACTURERS, 
46, PBARR EE) BIRMINGHAM. 


































ot Gee 
cm-l meee oe Ny 





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@e QUIN DONT xe 
in a position to execute Orders for Every Article 
required in the MANUFACTURE of PERAMBULATORS 
at the Very Lowest Trade Prices. New Handles, New Brass Fittings, 
A Large stock of NEW WOOD HANDLES of Various Designs. 


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